o (4370)
subject to the boundary conditions
Te) =0 atx=0,1>0 (4376)
Te)= 0 atx=Lr>0 (4376)
and the initiat condition
Tex.) FG) fort =0,in0sx 0.[TRANSIENT CONDUCTION AND USE OF TEMPERATURE CHARTS 139
‘Develop an expression for the temperature distribution in the slab.
‘Develop an expression for the heat flux at the boundary surface x = 0.
Souurion This problem is exactly the same as that defined by Eqs. (4-37),
‘except the intial temperature distribution is specified as given above. Therefore,
the solution (4-56) is applicable, by setting in that equation F(x)
Ta sink (n/L)x). We find
113.1) = To 5 Herm sin ux [sin Ex’ in x he (4570)
were
foes (es)
ws
1a
4a2 (est)
‘To evaluate the integral, we note that according to the definition of 4, we have
nis
‘Then the integral term is written as
[lana naar
rt 9-13
Tied site ake Sa
peta urna cto at
to . (Oo for Ay # Ay
[[inapednsese =f RAR
Introducing this result into Eq. (4-572), we find all the terms of the sum-
mation vanish except the term for n = 1, and the solution of the problem
reduces to
‘This integral is similar to that given by Eq. (4-50a).
ind for this
1
(4-58)
Thx. 0) = Toe sin Ay (4-590)
where
L
Figure 417 illustrates the transient-temperature distribution in the slab as
siven by Eq. (459).
‘Once the temperature distribution T(x, t) in the slab is known, the heat
fiux a(, t), anywhere in the medium, is determined from its definition:
oT)
ox
(4-596)
a.)
(4-60)140 ear rRANSER
temperature distibution
‘nal for an inal emperature Tesi)
‘Then the heat flux at the boundary surface x = Ois determined by introducing
the solution (4-59) into Eq. (4-60) and evaluating it at x = 0. We find
(0,1) = —KTge°4,[008 Ayx]ea0
(0,1) = —KTy ens (61a)
where
(461b)
Since k, Tp, and 4, are all positive quantities, the right-hand side of Eq, (#614)
is negative. The negative value implies that the heat flow at the boundary
surface x = Oisin the negative x direction, or outward. This result is consistent
with the physical reality for the problem.
Example 4-13 A slab of thickness L is initially at a uniform temperature T,
Suddenly at time f= 0 the temperatures of both boundary surfaces are
lowered to and maintained at T,, forall : > 0. Develop an expression for the
‘temperature distribution T(x, in the slab
Sowvtion The boundary condition for this problem is not homogeneous;
thatis, the temperature at the boundaries isnot zero. Therefore, a new tempera
ture 6(, 1) is defined as
x) = TU, 1) — Te
Then the mathematica formulation ofthis problem becomes
260.0) 10,9)
Sa.) _ 125.9) ind0 (4620)
He) =o ax-0 (4-626)
He) = 0 atx=L (462)
2,0 =T,-T.= 8 forr=0 4624){RANSENT CONDUCTION AND USE OF TEMPERATURE CHARTS. 141
‘This problem is now in exactly the same form as (4-37) with
Fo)
‘Therefore, the solution (4-56) is applicable and we obtain
t= mf hee ints finite
The integrals evaluated as
ae [sin yx ax’
1 eel
= ple anh = toe by
= La = cos ma)
i qu
-Cy
forn = even
0
2
2 torn = odd
i
‘Then (x,t) becomes
Noting that
‘we see that the solution is written as
eanetn §
+63)
which gives the temperature distribution within the slab, in excess of the
ambient temperature T., as a function of position and time.
“48 TRANSIENT HEAT CONDUCTION IN A SLAB—Use of
Tabulated Solutions
In the last section, the analytic solution of transient heat conduction in a slab by
separation of variables was illustrated for a sample problem given by Eqs. (437).
In that example, for simplicity, the boundary conditions for both surfaces are
taken to be ofthe frst kind. However, in engineering applications, other combina
tions of boundary conditions are encountered. For the slab problem, there are