Name

(whoisresponsible)

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

Issues>Problems thelackofeasyaccessto
healthclinicsandthecostsof
certaintreatmentsor
preventionmethodscanput
helpoutofthereachofmany
families.

Ifpeoplearesickorneed
anytypeoftreatments
arentabletogetthehelp
thattheyneedorarent
abletoaffordthecare.

Itlowersthechancesof
peoplewhoaresicktoget
thetreatmenttheyneed
andcouldraisetheir
chancesofdyingifitisa
seriousdisease.

"Health".
OurAfrica.

N.p.,2016.Web.6
Mar.2016.

("Health")

2.Krista

Diseases>HIV/TB Worldwide,approximately12
millionpeoplehavebeen
infectedbybothHIVandTB.
Mostofthem(approximately
twothirds)canbefoundin
subSaharanAfrica.Nigeria
hasthehighestnumberof
newlydiagnosedcasesper
year.

About8,000,000people
hadbeeninfectedbythis
insubSaharanAfrica.

Throughoutthewhole
world,morethanhalf
wereinfectedinjustthat
region.

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly53)

3.Krista

Issues>safewater InmuchofAfrica,clean
drinkingwaterandsanitary
facilitiesbasicsthat
residentsofindustrialized
nationstakeforgranteddo
notexist.

Amongthecountrieswiththe
leastaccesstosafewaterare
Tanzania,Nigeria,and
Ethiopia.

CountriesinAfricaarent
abletoobtainsafe
drinkingwater.

Thereisntreallyanything
elsethattheycoulddrink
ratherthantheunsafe
wateranditcouldcause
peopletogetmore
diseases.

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly68)

1. Krista


Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

4.Krista

Improvement>
watersupply

Programshaveprovided
suppliesandtrainingforthe
installationofstandpipesand
pumps,andthediggingof
wellsandboreholestoaccess
cleanwaterdeepbelowthe
earthssurface.

Thereareimprovements
toprovidecleanerwater
forpeople

Theycouldbeableto
drinkcleanwaterrather
thanwaterthatcouldbe
deadlyorcontaina
disease

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly69)

5.Krista

Issues>problems

Hospitalsandclinicsinsome
Africancountrieslackbasic
equipmentandhave
inadequatesuppliesof
medicines.

HospitalsinAfricadont
havetheequipmentand
suppliesthatareneeded
tohelppeople.

Peoplewhoareinneedof
healthcarearentableto
getanyorhavegoodcare
becausethereisnt
enoughofsuppliesto
helpeveryone.

"Health".
OurAfrica.

N.p.,2016.Web.6
Mar.2016.

("Health")

6.Krista

Diseases>AIDS

AIDSkillsaround6,000
peopleeachdayinAfrica
morethanwars,faminesand
floods.

AIDSisahugekillerof
peopleinAfricaeachday
andkillsmorethanmost
thingsthatareterrible

AIDScontinuestokill
peopleeverydayandif
theyhadtheproper
healthcarethenthey
couldlowerthenumbers.

"Diseases".
Our
Africa.
N.p.,2016.
Web.7Mar.2016.

("Diseases")


Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

7.Krista

Improvement>
medications

Bythelate1990s,
antiretroviralsweretheusual
methodoftreatmentforAIDS
patientsinindustrialized
countries,andtheiruse
greatlyimprovedthesurvival
rateofHIVpositive
individuals.

Therewasadifferent
treatmentthatwasused
forAIDSpatientsandit
hadimprovedthesurvival
rate

Becausejustfromone
differenttreatmentit
helpedsavedmanylives,
iftherewasjustabit
moreofnewmedications
thatareintroduced,thenit
canimprovemuch
survivalrates

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly26)

8.Krista

Issues>problems

Inmanycases,thesechildren
diefromhealthproblemsthat
canbetreated,including
malnutrition,diarrheal
diseases,anddiseasessuch
asmeaslesandtetanusfor
whichtherearepreventive
vaccines.

Manychildrenendup
dyingbecausewhenthey
areyoungtheydont
receivethevaccinations
thattheyneedandwhen
theygettheproblem,
nothingelsecanbedone.

Manychildrenaredying
andtheywontbeableto
growupsothereisloss
forfutureworkers,etc.

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly22)

9.Krista

Diseases>Ebola

Liberiahasfewerthan200
doctorsservingsome4m
people.Sincetheoutbreak,all
ofitsmainpublichospitalshave
shut(someprivateonesarestill
working).Death,illnessandfear
meanthatjust50doctorsare
continuingtoworkinthe
domestichealthsystem.

Whentherewasanebola Lessdoctorstocarefor
outbreakdoctors
otherscausesmoredeath
discontinuedworkingand
therearelesstotakecare
ofpeoplewhoareneeding
thehelp.

"Helpinthetimeof
EbolaHealthinwest
Africa."
The
Economist
20Sept.
2014:46(US).
StudentEdition
.Web.
7Mar.2016.

(Helpinthe
Time


Name

10.Krista

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)
Improvement>
Technology

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

WiththePDAswiththem,they
hadaccesstodrugcatalogues
andmedicaltextsatthetouch
ofabuttonandwereableto
checktheinformationin
realtimewhiletheywerewith
thepatient.

TheyhadPDAsavailable
forthemsothattheycould
obtaininformationabout
thepatientratherthan
goingtofindthepaperof
informationeachtime

Thislittleadvancementof
technologyisabletosave
thetimespentwitheach
patient,sothattheycould
beabletocareforothers
quickerandisabletopull
uptheirinformation
quickeralso

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)
Wright, Bianca.
"Technology delivering
'amazing' results:
applying new
technologies, even as
basic as handheld
computer systems, is
changing the face of
healthcare in Africa.
The results, as Bianca
Wright reports, have
been amazing."
African
Business
June 2004:
44+.
Student Edition.
Web. 7 Mar. 2016.
(Wright)

11.Krista

Improvement>
Technology

Technologycanalsohelp
reduceinsectpopulations.
Onewaytopreventinsects
fromreproducingistosterilize
themaleswithradiationor
chemicals,andthenrelease
themwithinaspecificarea.

Usingtechnologytotryto Iftherearelessinsects,
reduceinsectpopulations thereisahigherchance
tostopspreadingdiseases thatthenumberof
diseasesthatarespread
aroundwilldecrease.

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly84)

12.Krista

Disease>Polio

Thisdiseaseisspreadby
contactwithinfected
individuals,throughwateror
foodthathasbeen
contaminatedwithhuman
waste.

Poliostrikesprimarilywhere
sanitationispoorandchildren
aremalnourished

Poliospreadseasilyin
Africabecauseofthe
unsafewaterandpoor
sanitation

Polioandotherharmful
diseasescouldbeinthe
waterandcouldspread
aroundtoothersand
causethemtohavethe
diseasealso.

Gelletly,LeeAnne.
AIDSandHealth
IssuesinAfrica.
Philadelphia:Mason
Crest,2014.PDF.

(Gelletly101)

Name

13.Krista

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)
Improvement>
technology

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)
SymbolTechnologiesAfricas
MaxStonesaysthatalthough
thetakeupofnewhealth
technologieshasbeenslow
butitisthecomingthing.

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

TechnologyinAfricawill
Themoretechnologythat
keepgrowingeventhough willbeinAfricaforits
itmighttakeawhile.
healthcaresystemwill
improveitevenifittakes
awhileforittogrow

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)
Wright, Bianca.
"Technology delivering
'amazing' results:
applying new
technologies, even as
basic as handheld
computer systems, is
changing the face of
healthcare in Africa.
The results, as Bianca
Wright reports, have
been amazing."
African
Business
June 2004:
44+.
Student Edition.
Web. 7 Mar. 2016.
(Wright)

14.Krista

Issues>problems

Africaisthemost
underdevelopedcontinent
becauseofgeographicaland
healthconstraintsthathave
notyetbeenovercome,
becauseofillconsidered
policies,becauseofthesheer
numberofseparate
nationstates,andbecauseof
poorgovernance

Therearemanyproblems
inAfricaandthatcausesit
tobeunderdevelopedand
havepoorhealthcare

Iftheseobstaclesthatare
inthewayareovercome
andchangesthanthe
healthcarefieldcould
becomemoredeveloped
andthenumberofpeople
dyingfromdiseasescould
decrease.

Sah,Anup.
HelpingAfrica
HelpItselfa
GlobalEffort.
Philadelphia:
MasonCrest,
2014.PDF.

(Sah11)

15.Krista

Issues>Cant
MeetNeeds

Themajority(80percent)of
theAfricanpopulationliveson
lessthan$2aday.Suchlow
incomesmeanthatpeople
cannotmeetthebasicneeds
forsurvival,suchasfood,
healthcare,safedrinking
waterandsanitation,
education,shelter,and
clothing.

SomepeopleinAfrica
makeslessthan$2aday
sotheyarentableto
affordeverythingthatthey
wouldneedtosurvive.

Peopleneedsthesebasic
thingstosurviveinlife
andtolowertheir
chancestogetincontact
withdiseases.

Sah,Anup.
HelpingAfrica
HelpItselfa
GlobalEffort.
Philadelphia:
MasonCrest,
2014.PDF.

(Sah14)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

Beyondthedeathtoll,these
diseasesdamagethesocial,
economicandeducational
infrastructuresthroughouttheregion,
furtherperpetuatingthepublichealth
crisis.

Thespreadofdisease,
withouthealthcare,can
affectotherpartsof
society.Sotheonly
outcomeisntjustdeath,it
playsitsroleonthesocial
aspectsandtheeconomy,
onlyspreadingtheneed
forsubstantialhealthcare.

Name

16.Heather

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)
Disease>Howit
AffectsOther
Areas

Ifhealthcareisnttaken
seriouslyitwontjust
affectthepopulation
number,itsachain
reaction.Oncethe
populationisaffected
socialrolesareaffected,
andthatchangesthe
economy.Ifweadvance
technologyinplaces
aroundSubSaharan

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)
R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

(Rosalyn)

Africawecanadvance
otherareasaswell.
17.Heather

18.Heather

Improvement>
U.S.Involvement

Diseases>
Tuberculosis

Mostadvocacygroupsconsider
foreignaidfromtheUnitedStates
essentialtocombatinfectious
diseaseinsubSaharan
Africa
.
Currently,U.S.initiativessuchasthe
President'sEmergencyPlanforAIDS
Relief,theU.S.LeadershipAgainst
HIV/AIDS,TuberculosisandMalaria
ActandUSAIDareprovidingaidto
theregion.

Eachyear,overonemillioncasesof
tuberculosis(TB)affectsubSaharan
Africans.

Theregion'sdamagedinfrastructure
andprohibitiveeconomicconditions
allowthediseasetopersistin
subSaharan
Africa
.

Advocacygroupsbelieve
thatinorderforhealthcare
toimproveinAfrica,help
fromtheUnitedStatesis
needed.Thereareseveral
plansthattheU.S.
governmenthasinplace
forhelpingdiseaseand
aidingtheregionof
subSaharanAfrica.

Africacannotdevelopa
stablehealthcaresystem
ontheirown,theyneed
thehelpofanorganized
government,liketheU.S.
IfandwhentheU.S.get
involvedandprovideaid
toAfricatheycanimprove
researchandmedication
fordiseaseslikeAIDS,
Malaria,etc

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

Tuberculosisissucha
populardiseasein
subSaharanAfrica
becauseofthepoor
conditionsthatarepresent
intheregion.

SubSaharanAfricaisin
direneedofimproved
medicationandhealth
care.Iftheyreceiveit,
deadlydiseases,likeTB,
canbecomelesspopular.

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

(Rosalyn)

(Rosalyn)

Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

19.Heather

Diseases>Malaria While malaria has been largely SubSaharanAfricaisthe

controlled in developed nations, mostpopularlocationfor
subSaharan
Africa has accounted Malaria,ittakesthelives
for the largest number of malaria 100millioneachyear.Of
the100million,90%arein
infectionsinrecentdecades.
subSaharanAfrica.
Of the 300500 million cases of
malaria worldwide each year, one
million deaths occur, 90% of which

ThisareainAfricaneeds
healthcareattention.
Malariatakesthelifeof
manypeople,andsolving
thisproblemwilldecrease
thedeathtoll,whilealso
aidingeconomyand
society.

(Rosalyn)

occurinsubSaharan
Africa
.

20.Heather

Improvement>
U.S.Involvement

The effect of infectious diseases

throughout subSaharan
Africa was
largely ignored by the United States
government

and

other

nations

through the early 1990s.In1999,the

World Health Organization (WHO)
reported
negatively

that

HIV/AIDS

impacted

the

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

had
life

expectancy in subSaharan
Africa
,

Thegovernmentchoseto
ignoretheconditionsin
subSaharanAfrica,but
whentheWHOshowed
themhowAIDSwas
impactinglifeinAfrica.
TuberculosisandMalaria
werebecomingworse
becauseoftheAIDS
epidemic.

Oncethegovernment
wasawareofthehorrible
conditionsinAfrica,they
decidedtodosomething.
Thereisstillmoretobe
done,becausewhilethe
U.S.hasintentionsof
assisting,thesediseases
arestillwipingoutthe
population.

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

Thisallowedthediseases
tobecomewidespread
andcausemoredamage.
Whileitisimportantthat
theydideventuallyget
involved,thesituation
couldhavebeenless
severeandlesshardto
controliftheywouldve
intervenedsooner.

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

(Rosalyn)

and had exacerbated the spread of

tuberculosisandmalaria.

21.Heather

CurrentHealth
Care>

worldwide

response to the

Thegovernmentdidnt
respondtothespreadof
diseases such as HIV/AIDS, malaria infectiousdiseasesuntil
and tuberculosis in subSaharan the21stcentury.
widespread presence of infectious

Africa was not initiated until the

twentyfirstcentury.

(Rosalyn)

Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

22.Heather

Improvement>
U.S.Involvement

TheUnitedStatesfederalagency
USAIDhasdirectedfundstofight
HIV/AIDSinsubSaharan
Africa
.
Theorganizationhasalsohelpedto
redeveloptheinfrastructureofthe
damagedregionbyestablishing
standardsforfreetradebetweenit
andtheUnitedStates.

TheU.S.hasbeen
sendingaidto
subSaharanAfrica,
helpingthemdevelopa
bettersystembyallowing
freetrade.

Withfreetradebetween
thetwocountries,this
regioninAfricacanhave
accesstobetter
technologyandresources
thatwillhelpthemfight
disease.

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

(Rosalyn)

23.Heather

24.Heather

Issues>Lackof
Doctors

Issues>Lackof
Doctors

Thisreferstothemigrationoflocally
trainedhealthprofessionalsfrom
throughoutsubSaharan
Africa
to
NewZealand,theUnitedKingdom
andtheUnitedStates.Factorssuch
assalaryandworkingconditions
drivetheseprofessionalstomigrate
todevelopedcountries.In2003,the
UnitedKingdomabsorbedthousands
oftrainedhealthprofessionalsfrom
countriesinsubSaharan
Africa
.

Professionaldoctorsin
Africahavebeganto
migratetomoreadvanced
countries,liketheU.S.
andNewZealand,
becausetheyofferabetter
payandworking
conditions.

Tanzania'sshortageisevenmore
extreme:thereareonlytwoorthree
doctorsforevery100,000people.

Inthislocationthereareis
anextremeneedformore
professionals,causing
diseasetobemore
prominent.

Thelackofdoctorscan
leadtomoretroublein
healthcare.Thiscanbe
causedbecausewithout
properdoctorsdiseases
wontbetreated
effectively.

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

(Rosalyn)

Withthislackofhealth
professionalscomesa
higherdeath/illnesstoll.If
thedoctorscanttake
theirtimeonapatientto
understandandtreat
themfully,mostlikely
theywillmisssomething
important.

R
osalyn,Amanda,and
WildingCarsonDewitt.
"PublicHealthAssistance
ToSubSaharanAfrica."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2016):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.7Mar.2016.

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

(Rosalyn)

Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

25.Heather

Problems>Lackof Thislackhasledtowidespread
malnutritionandpoorhealthinsome
Food
countries,whichdirectlyimpacts
employment,productivity,and
healthcare
costs.

26.Heather

Saharan

Africa
isalsohome
Problems>Lackof Sub
to400millionoftheworld'spoorest
Finances
people.

27.Heather

Diseases>AIDS

Withjustoverhalfof
primaryschoolagedchildrenin
schoolandthelargenumberof
HIV/AIDSinfectedadults,
Nigeriafacesserious
challengesandsignificant
obstaclesintheeducationand
healthcaresectors.

Withmalnutritioncomes
moretrouble.Ifsomeone
doesnoteatproperlythey
cancontractother
illnessesthatcantbe
helpedwithoutproper
medicalcare.

Comstock,Nancy."Food
Security."
SalemPress
Encyclopedia
(2015):
TopicOverviews612
.
Web.8Mar.2016.

SubSaharanAfricahasa
largenumberofpoor
people,whichcanhurtthe
healthcaresystem
immensely.

Peoplewhoarepoor
cannotaffordsufficient
healthcare,whichcan
causetheirillnessto
becomeworse.

"TheResourceMiracle."
Time
179.21(2012):28.
MiddleSearchPlus
.
Web.8Mar.2016.

HIV/AIDSissopopularin
primaryagedchildrenand
adultsthatitcauses
extremestressonthe
healthcaresystem.

Therearemanypeople
whoareinfectedwith
HIV/AIDSandnotmany
peopleareeducated
enoughsotheyarent
abletohelpmanyin
need.

Ploch, Lauren.
"Nigeria."
Congressional
Research Service (CRS)
Reports and Issue
Briefs
. Washington, DC:
Congressional Research
Service, 2010.
Student
Edition
. Web. 8 Mar.
2016.

Themalnutritionin
subSaharanAfricahas
causedhealthcaretobe
affected.

(Comstock)

(Ploch)

Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

28.Heather

Diseases>Polio

TheWorldHealthOrganization
linkedtheriseinpoliocasesin
Nigeriaandelsewhereonthe
continenttotheinterruptionin
vaccinations.

Whenvaccinationswere
stoppedthecasesofpolio
rose.

ThehealthcareinAfrica
couldntaffordthe
vaccinations,sothey
stoppedthem,whichonly
causedtheoutbreakto
getbigger.Thiscan
happenwithanyother
diseaseaswell.

Ploch, Lauren.
"Nigeria."
Congressional
Research Service (CRS)
Reports and Issue
Briefs
. Washington, DC:
Congressional Research
Service, 2010.
Student
Edition
. Web. 8 Mar.
2016.
(Ploch)

29.Heather

Improvement>
sanitation

Whilethelegislationdidnot
specifyhowwaterfunding
shouldbespent,itcalledfor
increasinginvestmentsinwater
andsanitationactivities,
particularlyinsubSaharan
Africancountries.

Thewaterfundingwillbe
spentmoreontryingto
havewaterbecleanerand
moresanitaryforpeopleto
beabletodrink.

Waterfundingcanbe
spentmoreonwaterand
sanitationandthatcan
helpdecreasetheamount
ofdiseasesbeingspread
aroundmore.People
couldbeabletodrink
cleanerwaterandprevent
spreadingdiseases.

SalaamBlyther, Tiaji.
"Global access to clean
drinking water and
sanitation: U.S. and
international
programs."
Congressional Research
Service (CRS) Reports
and Issue Briefs.
Washington, DC:
Congressional Research
Service, 2012.
Student
Edition
. Web. 8 Mar.
2016.
(SalaamBlyther)

30.Heather

Problems>Lackof Alackofresourcesandmedicine
compoundstheseriousnessofAIDS
Medicine
in
sub

Saharan

African
countries.

Thebadhealthcare
systemalongwiththelack
ofmedicinecontributesto
thelargeoutbreakof
AIDS.

Iftheresourcesarent
improvedtheAIDS
outbreakwillonlyget
worse.

Appleton,Walter."World
HealthOrganization
(WHO)."
MagillSMedical
Guide(OnlineEdition)
(2015):
TopicOverviews
612
.Web.8Mar.2016.

(Appleton)

Name

Outline
(Topic>Subtopic)

Whatdoesitsay?
(DirectQuote)

Whatdoesitmean?
(BriefSummary)

Whydoesitmatter?
(Whatsthepoint)

MLACitation
(fullANDintext)

EXTRA:31

EXTRA:32

EXTRA:33