TEST CODE

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FORM TP 2014045

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MAY/JUNE 2OI4

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE@

EXAMINATION
BIOLOGY
Paper 02

- General ProficiencY

2 hours 30 minutes

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1.

This paper consists of SIX questions in two sections. Answer ALL

questions.

2.

For SectionA, write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3.

Do NOT write in the margins.

3.

For Section B, write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of
each question, in this booklet.

4.

Where appropriate, answers should be illustrated by diagrams'

5.

If you need to re-write any answer and there is not enough space to do
so on the original page, you must request extra lined pages from the
invigilator. Remember to draw a line through your original answer
and correctly number your new answer in the box provided.

6.

If you

MUST write your registration number

and question number clearly in the boxes provided at the top of
EVERY extra page.
use extra pages you

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTILYOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright @ 2012 Caribbean Examinations Council
All rishts reserved.
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SECTION A

AnswerALL questions.
Write your answers in the

l.

(a)

spaces provided

in this booklet.

Figure I shows drawings of different types of fish collected by marine biologists who are
studying the distribution of organisms living in a marine ecosystem.

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Figure 1. Fish collected from a marine ecosystem

(D

Construct a table in the space below to classiff the fish in Figure

using TWO visible features other than size.

into groups

(3 marks)

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-3(ii)

A gill from one of the fish is shown in Figure 2. Annotate Figure 2 to illustrate
TWO characteristics that make the gill suitable for gaseous exchange.
(2 marks)

Figure 2. Gill of a fish

(iii)

State TWO reasons why gaseous exchange is important in

living organisms'

(2 marks)

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-5(b)
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Figure 3 shows a food web that the biologists constructed to describe the
relationships observed in this marine ecosystem'

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Predatory fish

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(i)

Identiff TWO producers in the food web in Figure 3'

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(ii)

State TWO characteristics of producers in a food web.

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Corals are found in shallow waters and contain microscopic algae known as
zooxanthellae which contain chloroplasts. The corals provide the algae with carbon
dioxide, shelter and protection, while the algae provide the corals with nutrients
and oxygen.

Identiff the type of feeding relationship between the coral and the zooxanthellae

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and give a reason for Your answer.

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0120702007

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a three-year period, marine biologists collected data on the

parrotfish and a predatory fish. Table I presents this data.
of
population
size
estimated

At six-month intervals over

TABLE 1: ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PARROTFISH AND PREDATORY FISH

OVER THREE YEARS
Estimated Number of
Predatory Fish

Estimated Number of
Parrotfish

Time (Months)
Jantary 2007

2 500

35

June 2007

2 000

40

December 2007

200

55

June 2008

100

80

December 2008

970

95

June 2009

400

105

December 2009

200

120

(D
(ii)

Represent the data in Table 1 on a suitable graph on the grid provided on

(6 marks)
page 7.
Suggest an explanation for the differences in the shapes of the graphs.

(2 marks)

(iii)

Name TWO features that the predatory fish may have that allow it to carry out its
role as a predator.

(2 marks)

(iv)

Suggest what the likely consequences would be

predatory fish is NOT controlled.

if the population

size of the

(2 marks)

Total25 marks
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(a)

Figure 4 shows an external view of the human heart.

(i)

Identif, the structures labelled A, B

the lines provided in Figure 4.

and C in Figure

4. Write your answers on

(3 marks)

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left pulmonary

artery

Figure 4. External view of the human heart

(ii)

Explain how the function of the heart may be affected by a blockage of the blood
vessel shown at X.

(2 marks)

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(b)

Figure 5 shows blood vessels used to transport fluids around the body of a mammal.
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valve

inner
layer

outer laver

Blood Vessel B

Blood Vessel A

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(D

5. Blood vessels

in a mammal

Which blood vessel, A or B, represents a vein?

(1 mark )

(iD

Identifu ONE structure visible in Figure 5 which helPs a vein to carry out its
function.
(1 mark )

(iii)

Explain how the structure identified in (b) (ii) allows the vein to fulfil its function.

(2 marks)

(iv)

Diets high in saturated fats may lead to the formation of plaques in blood vessels.
Explain how slrch deposits may lead to hypertension.

(2 marks)
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Figure 6 shows the transport vessels of a flowering plant.

Epidermis
Cortex

Figure 6. Transport vessels in a flowering plant

Identiff the vessels shown

at Positions P and Q in Figure 6.

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(d)

(2 marks)

Explain why plants do NOT need an organ like a heart in their transport system, and outline
ONE mechanism by which plants move fluids through their transport vessels.

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(2 marks)

Total 15 marks

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Figure 7 is a diagram of a nephron found in a human kidney'

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Identiff the structures labelled A, B and C in Figure 7

and briefly describe the

process that takes place in EACH of these structures'

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(ii)

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water in body cells.

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(1 mark )

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(iii)

Explain why the composition ofurine produced at X would differ in someone who
drank a lot of wateriompared to someone who had no water to drink for over
24 hours.

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person and
Table 2 shows a comparison of the substances found in the urine of a healthy
that of someone who is diabetic.

TABLE 2: COMPOSITION OF URINE OF A HEALTITY PERSON AND OF A

DIABETIC PERSON

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Describe TWO ways of managing diabetes mellitus.

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-13SECTION B

AnswerALL questions-

write your answers in the spaces provided at the end of each question'
4.

(a)

to the atmosphere
With the aid of a diagram, outline THREE processes which return carbon
is found in the
and ONE which removes it. (Include the form in which the carbon
(6 marks)

atmosphere.)

(b)

on the recycling
Describe the impact of cutting down or burning large areas of forest

(c)

Suggest THREE ways in which humans can make changes

to reduce the amount of carbon in the

of

(6 marks)

carbon.

atmosphere'

in their day-to-day activities

(3 marks)
Total 15 marks

Write your answer to Question 4 here.

Space for diagram for (a)

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-15Write your answer to Question 4 here.

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-16f,.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Define the terms 'genotype', 'phenotype', 'recessive'and 'dominant'

(4 marks)

(D

Albinism (lack of pigmentation) is an example of discontinuous variation. Give

(2 marks)
TWO examples of traits that show continuous variation.

(ii)

Aman with normal pigmentation and an albino woman produce two children, one
of whom is an albino. Using appropriate symbols, draw a genetics diagram to
show the genotypes of the parents and the expected phenotypes of the offspring.
(Note that albinism is a trait caused by the inheritance of a recessive allele.)
(5 marks)

Many of the antibiotics used to control tuberculosis are no longer effective. Use the theory
(4 marks)
of natural selection to account for this.

Total 15 marks

Write your answer to Question 5 here.

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(a)

(D

Name THREE types oftissue which coordinate to bring about movement in animals,
and state THREE reasons why it is important for animals to be able to move.

(6 marks)

(ii)

(b)

Explainwhy, unlike animals, plants are able to survive without moving fromplace
(2 marks)
to place.

as he ran towards him.

his
son's face in focus.
to
keep
eyes
Describe the changes that occurred in the father's

A father saw his son step down onto the tarmac and watched

(7 marks)

Total 15 marks

Write your answer to Question 6 here.

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END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED. CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
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