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Adbhuta Jnapaka Sakthi


Pondadamela ?
(How to build up wonder memory?)
Author

Challagulla Narasimha Rao


Price : Fifty Rupees
First Edition
Second Edition
Third Edition
Fourth Edition
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January
February
March
June
December
July
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1998
1998
1998
1998
2000
2002
2004

Publishers:

NANI INTERNATIONAL
408, Vijayatowers, Shanthi Nagar, Hyderabad-500 028,
Ph 55665146, 23313224, 31038388
Printed at:
Sai Ram Process
114, Sovereign Shelters, lakadi-ka-pool,
Hyderabad-500 004 ph 23307622
Copies available at:
all branches of
Visalandhra Book House

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71

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^# ije` QO^
1.

Intelligence /PIERRE OLERON

2.

Problem Solving and Thinking GAGNE, R.M.

3.

Reasoning in Humans/ MAIER, N.R.F.

4.

The Psychology of Efficiency/RUGER, H.

5.

Problem Solving and Thinking/TAYLOR, D.W.

6.

Creative person and Creative Process/


BARRON, RANK.

7.

Remembering/BARTLETT, F.C.

8.

Divergent Thinking and Science Specialists/


CROPLEY, A.J.

9.

Intellectual Style/GIELD, T.W.

10. Conformity and Creative Thinking/


CURTCHFIELD, R.S.
11. Students & Psychological Tesy /Eysenck. H.J.
12. Creativity and Intelligence /GETZELS, J.W.
13. Contrary Imaginations/Hudson, L.
14. Creativity and Prepared Mind/ HYMAN, R.
15. Deterrents and Reinforcement/
LAWRENCE, D.H.
16. Speak, Memory/ NABOKOV,V.

J^` *HH

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