International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)

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Design of Filter Bank Multicarrier Transceiver with MMSE

Equalization
1

Spoorthi P A, 2Desanna M, 3S G Shivprasadyadav

1,3

TCE Dept MSRIT, Bangalore, 2CRL-BEL CRL-BEL, Bangalore

Email: Spoorthiyadav.24@gmail.com, 2mdesanna@bel.co.in, 3shivaspy@gmail.com
1

Abstract - Beyond 2020 5g will be the next generation of

mobile communication compared to the current standards
(4g/3g/2g) which gives high data rates, efficient usage of
spectrum and system resources. Multicarrier systems
provide many attractive properties for high rate wireless
communications. A major advantage of the multicarrier
approach is its robustness to the multipath effect. One of
the multicarrirer modulation is Filter Bank Multicarrier
(FBMC) which is one of the most promising candidates
that can implicitly fulfill extremely low out-of-band
radiation requirements than OFDM. They provide several
advantages compared to traditional OFDM with cyclic
prefix (CP).The main problem associated with FBMC
technique is inter-carrier interference (ICI) and intersymbol interference, which degrades the performance of
FBMC receiver. So, in this paper we have designed FBMC
transciever with MMSE equalizer to reduce the
interference.
Keywords - FBMC,OFDM , ICI, ISI, Equalization

I. INTRODUCTION
Recently increasing data transmission rates and the
demand of more bandwidth at the same time have been a
challenge. The trend now is to support high data rates in
wireless communications. Multicarrier systems have
overcome many challenges of high bandwidth efficiency
and at the same time provided also high
spectral efficiency. Orthogonal frequency-division
multiplexing (OFDM) was the first multicarrier
technique proposed for cognitive radios. However,
OFDM suffers from significant leakage among the
carriers of different users. Filter bank multicarrier
systems (FBMC) provide some advantages more than
the traditional orthogonal frequency division
multiplexing (OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP). On the
other hand, filter bank multicarrier (FBMC)
communication can overcome the spectral leakage,
FBMC systems provide a much better spectral shaping
of the subcarriers than orthogonal frequency division

multiplexing (OFDM). Therefore, FBMC has been

suggested as an alternative to OFDM.
In FBMC, a set of synthesis and analysis filters are
designed such that they have both adequate spectral
selectivity and bandwidth efficiency. Although each
filter could be designed on an individual basis, a more
efficient approach is to design a single prototype low
pass filter and modulate it to several specified center
frequencies to generate the synthesis and analysis filters
and , k = 0,,N-1. Usually the filters are uniformly
spaced, designed to be highly spectrally selective to
minimize cross-talk with adjacent subcarriers, can either
be odd stacked or even stacked.

II. ARCHITECTURE OF FBMC

A PRINCIPLE OF FBMC:
The principle of transmission based on filter banks is
shown in Figure 1.1. The transmitter contains a
synthesis filter bank (SFB) and the receiver contains an
analysis filter bank (AFB). In the structure of the figure,
the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) is present as in OFDM.
It is augmented, to complete a filter bank, by the PPN
(Poly-phase Network) which consists of a set of digital
filters,whose coefficients, globally, form the impulse
response of the so-calledprototype low-pass filter. The
essential difference between FBMC and OFDM resides
in the frequency selectivity. This is illustrated in Figure
1.2, which shows the frequency responses, around a
particular sub-carrier, in both cases. OFDM exhibits
large ripples in the frequency domain, which imposes
the orthogonality constraint between all the sub-carriers.
On the contrary, the filter bank frequency response has
negligible amplitude beyond the center frequency of the
adjacent sub-carriers. In fact, the filter bank divides the
transmission channel of the system into a set of subchannels and any sub-channel overlaps with its
immediate neighbors only. Then, in order to make two
groups of contiguous sub-channels independent, it is
sufficient to leave a single empty sub-channel between

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International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)

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them. The difference in frequency responses between
FBMC and OFDM shown in Figure 1.2 has a
considerable impact on the performance of wireless
systems and their operational flexibility. The FBMC
approach has the following features:
1. No guard time, or cyclic prefix, is needed
2. Full capacity of the transmission bandwidth is
achieved using OQAM (Offset Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation)
3.Frequency mask constraints for the transmitted signals
are easily satisfied.
4.Subchannels can be grouped in to independent blocks,
which is crucial for scalability and dynamic access.

Figure .1.3.Synthesis Filter Bank

Figure .1.1.Filter Bank based Multi Carrier (FBMC)
system

Figure .1.2.Comparison of Frequency responses of

FBMC and OFDM
The structure of the FBMC system is depicted in Fig.
1.1The synthesis filter bank (SFB) combines the M low
rate subcarrier signals into one high rate signal which is
transmitted over a frequency selective radio channel.
Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is added at the
receiver input. The receiver consists of ananalysis filter
bank (AFB) which splits the received high rate signal
into M low rate subcarrier signals again. One FIR
equalizer per subcarrier is employed to compensate for
the intersymbol (ISI) and interchannel interference (ICI)
caused by the frequency selective radio channel and
improve the symbol decisions.
B.SYNTHESIS FILTER BANK
Analysis filter bank consists of serial to parallel
converter (delay chain and down-samplers by M/2),
poly-phase filtering, FFTs, and simple multipliers as
shown in figure 1.3
C. ANALYSIS FILTER BANK
Synthesis filter bank that consists of simple multipliers,
IFFT, poly-phase filtering, and parallel to serial
converter (up-samplers by M/2 and delay chain) as
shown in figure 1.4

Figure .1.4.Analysis filter bank

D.LINEAR MMSE ESTIMATOR
In many cases, it is not possible to determine a closed
form expression for the conditional expectation
required to obtain the MMSE estimator. Direct
numerical evaluation of the conditional expectation is
computationally expensive, since they often require
multidimensional integration usually done using Monte
Carlo methods. In such cases, one possibility is to
abandon the full optimality requirements and seek a
technique minimizing the MSE within a particular class
of estimators, such as the class of linear estimators. Thus
we postulate that the conditional expectation of
given
, is a simple linear function of ,
,
where the explicitly calculate the posterior probability
density function of
. Such linear estimator only
depends on the first two moments of the probability
density function. So although it may be convenient to
assume that
and
are jointly Gaussian, it is not
necessary to make this assumption, so long as the
assumed distribution has well defined first and second
moments. The form of the linear estimator does not
depend on the type of the assumed underlying
distribution measurement is a random vector,
is a

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International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Systems (IJEECS)

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matrix and is a vector. The linear MMSE estimator is
the estimator achieving minimum MSE among all
estimators of such form.

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Dirk S.Waldhauser, Baltar L.G &Nossek J.A,

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Waldhauser D.S, Baltar L.G &Nossek J.A,

MMSE subcarrier equalization for Filter Bank

III. SIMULATION RESULTS

We have used a computer simulation software packageMATLAB to simulate the performance of the FBMC
system applying the per subcarrier MMSE equalizer. We
have assumed 1MHz channel bandwidth with
subchannels and the overlapping factor K=4.

IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper, a multicarrier modulation technique
FBMC which is evolved from OFDM (most widely used
technique for multicarrier communication) is presented
along with the MMSE equalizer which reduces the
carrier and symbol interferences and reduces the bit
error rate. Channel equalization is a technique that can
be used to improve received signal quality and link
performance. FBMC outclasses OFDM in terms of
spectral efficiency, robustness and spectral protection at
a cost of somewhat increased complexity.

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