THE ANALYSIS MEASUREMENT OF WORKLOAD, PHYSIOLOGICALLY AND

MENTALLY ON WORKERS
Small and Medium Industries
AGROINDUSTRI
Elni Hazar Indriantini, Ambarwati Utami, Melvina Nur Sabrina, Pashya Yafi Dhiya, Rafli Andrianto,
Deuis Andini Meiliana, Willy Jannes.
Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
Abstract - PD Kurnia is a factory that produces

II.

tea located in Sayang, Jatinangor, West Java. It

processes

tea

from

leaves

bud

until

METHODOLOGY
The observation took place in PD.

its

Kurnia. It was held on Saturday, March 12

packaging. This factory operated for six days in

2016. The procedure are

a week, from Monday to Friday for 8 hours/day

1.

include anhour recess time. The purpose of this

operation

is

measurement,

to

analyze

physically

the

and

before they do and after theyve

workload

mentally

Measuring the workerss pulse

2.

on

done their job.

The workerss pulse are meaured
every 30 minutes whereas they

workers. The result from the observation

respondents is the cardiovascula load (%CVL)

3.

is at 16%-57% and energy that used to do the

are doing their job.

Measuring the workerss pulse
was doing by 2 people, one

activity everyminute is 3,10kkal/minute in

person to measure their pulse

average.

while the other one count the

I.

INTRODUCTION

III.

Human has to work everyday to

take care and fullfill their needs but every
human has their own limit to do something
such as getting tired and bored. This thing
can decrease humans productivity on
working. Huge amount of power while
doing activites will affect their strenght
and health. Activities that need more
strength can cause losing the big amount
of energy and exhaustion. Meanwhile, the
gesture of human while doing their
activities has impact to the loss their
energy. Therefore, we need to measure
their

workload.

Workload

cause

exhaustion can be measured by measuring

their heart beat and oxygen consumtion.
So, we can calculate how much energy
that we need to do our activities.

time using stopwatch.

RESULT

Respondent Data
1.

First Respondent
Name : Lilis
Age : 40 years old
Gender : Woman
Activity: Cutting papers
Resting pulse rate : 63/minute
Average working pulse: 66/minute
Highest working pulse: 70/minute
Lowest working pulse: 62/minute
2. Second Respondent
Nama : Saodah
Age : 38 years old
Gender : Woman
Activity : Cutting papers
Resting pulse rate : 64/minute
Average working pulse: 68/minute
Highest working pulse: 75/minute
Lowest working pulse: 62/minute
3. Third Respondent
Name : Marhamah
Age : 42 years old
Gender : Woman
Activity : Cutting papers

 Resting pulse rate : 80/minute

Average working pulse: 85/minute
Highest working pulse: 90/minute
Lowest working pulse: 82/minute
4. Fourth Respondent
Name : Eni
Age : 40 years old
Gender : Woman
Activity: Packaging
Resting pulse rate: 72/minute
Average working pulse: 73/minute
Highest working pulse: 78/minute
Lowes working pulse: 63/minute
5. Fifth Respondent
Name : Enur
Age : 43 years
Gender : Woman
Activity: Packaging
Resting pulse rate: 70/minute
Average working pulse : 70/minute
Highest working pulse : 75/minute
Lowest working pulse : 62/minute

%CVL

100 (73 72 )
=16,66
7872
Need to be fixed
5. Fifth Respondent

100 (70 70 )
=20
757 o

%CVL =

No exhaustion occurs
C. Perhitungan Energy Expenditure
Activity

Energy

Heart

Oxygen

Level

Expenditure

beat

Consum

Kkal/

Kkal/8

Detak/m

ption
Liter/mi

minut

hour

inute

nute

Unduly

e
>12.5

>6000

>175

>2.5

Heavy
Very Heavy

10.0

4800

150

2.0

6000

175

2.5

Heavy

12.5
7.5

3600

125

1.5 2.0

Moderate

10.0
5.0

4800
2400

150
100

1.0

Light

7.5
2.5

3600
1200

125
60 100

1.5
0.5

Very Light

5.0
< 2.5

2400
< 1200

< 60

1.0
< 0.5

Ardiovascular Load Calculation (%CVL)

X 30 % = no exhaustion occurs
30 < X 60 % = need to be fixed
60 < X 80 % = work in short time
80 < X 100 % = in need of immediate
action
X > 100 % = not allowed to work
%CVL

100 ( working pulse rate resting pulse rate )

highest pulse rateresting pulse rate

1. First Respondent
%CVL

Need to be fixed
2. Second Respondent

100 ( 68 64 )
7564

36,36 %
Need to be fixed
3. Third Respondent
%CVL =

100 ( 85 80 )
=50
9080

Need to be fixed
4. Fourth Respondent

M 66
6066 2,5x
=
60100 2,55
6 2,5x
=
40 2,5
Kkal
x=2,875
(Light)
menit

100 ( 66 63 )
=57,14
7063

%CVL =

First Respondent

Second Respondent

M 68
6068 2,5x
=
60100 2,55
8 2,5x
=
40 2,5

x=3

Kkal
menit

(Light)

Name : Marhamah

Third Respondent

Age : 42 years old

M 85

Time Interval
07.00 07.30
07.30 08.00
08.00 08.30
08.30 09.00
09.00 09.30
09.30 10.00

6085 2,5x
=
60100 2,55
25 2,5x
=
40 2,5
Kkal
x=3,187
(Light)
menit

Name : Eni

Fourth Respondent

M 73

Age : 40 years old

Time Interval
07.00 07.30
07.30 08.00
08.00 08.30
08.30 09.00
09.00 09.30
09.30 10.00

6073 2,5x
=
60100 2,55
13 2,5x
=
40 2,5
Kkal
x=3,312
(Light)
menit

Fifth Respondent

Age : 43 years old

6070 2,5x
=
60100 2,55
10 2,5x
=
40 2,5
Kkal
x=3,125
(Light)
menit

Time Interval
07.00 07.30
07.30 08.00
08.00 08.30
08.30 09.00
09.00 09.30
09.30 10.00

The Data Processing

IV.

Name : Lilis

Pulse
62
72
75
70
72
72

DISCUSSION
Pulse measurement is a method to value

Age : 40 years old

Pulse rate
64
70
69
64
62
65

cardiovasculair strain. One of equipments that

can be used to measure humans pulse is
Electro Cardio Graph (ECG). If ECG is not
available, meausuring pulse can be done
manually using stopwatch with 10 pulse
method (Kilbon,1992)
Cardiovascular Load Analysis (%CVL)

Name : Saodah

Escalation pulse has an important role in

Age : 38 years old

Time Interval
07.00 07.30
07.30 08.00
08.00 08.30
08.30 09.00
09.00 09.30
09.30 10.00

Pulse
63
75
75
73
75
78

Name : Enur

M 70

Time Interval
07.00 07.30
07.30 08.00
08.00 08.30
08.30 09.00
09.00 09.30
09.30 10.00

Pulse
85
90
87
84
82
85

Pulse
66
62
65
70
73
75

escalation

cardiac

output

from

recess

until

maximum work. Manuaba (1996) classify human

workload by the number of pulse while working
compared

with

maximum

pulse

because

cardiovascular load is calculated with equation.

Then, based from the calculation from data, can be

seen that %CVL from cutting papers and packaging

Therefore the workers heartbeat is approximately

that has been done by the object for 5 minutes

120 per minutes. However, this calculation is only

every 30 minutes, 2 workers have CVL 30% or

estimation. In fact, heart beat rate is different

the work is not provoke exhaustion and 3 workers

depends on age and condition.

30 < X 60% are need to be fixed.

The fundamental of borg scale data

Energy Expenditure Analysis

fulfillment is whereas the objects doing their

Energy expenditure is a way to know

activity, the researcher accepting their complaint.

whether the job is heavy or not, as known as

The complaint level is depend on the workers

physical workload. Physical work can be done if

workload.

the object has energy because it used to support

The number of complaint level was done

muscle contraction. Based from the calculation can

with honesty. Note to complaint level than the

be seen that energy loss from cutting activity....can

worker feels then turn it into a number.

be conluded that the activity is at moderate level.

V.

Borg Scale Analysis.

CONCLUSION
Based

Based on Nilamsari (2009), Borg scale is

an ordinal scale started from 0 until 10. Borg scale

on

the

observation,

we

can

conclude
1.

The workerss pulse are not the

is used to measure humans breath whereas doing

same

their activities. Breath observation can help to

working, on working, and after

adjust activity whether to accelerate or to slow

down the movement. It gives crucial information to
the doctor. Borg scale is used to standarized

more pulse we could get.

Using %CVL calculation can be
known whether the activities that
the workers do is exhaustion or

4.

of the scale. This scale is also can be used to

respiration

uplift,

such

CO2

as

heart

production,

not.
The level of exhaustion on
workers can be measured using

rate,
lactic

before

3.

feeling sick, tired or slackening the ability to do the

physiological

span

working.
The higher level of activity, the

Value indicator on this scale is the dimension of

measure

time

2.

comparison individually on doing the same activity.

activity. The higher the feeling, the higher number

in

5.

borg scale.
The position while working can
affect the efectiveness of work.

accumulation and body temperature, prespiration

and muscle fatigue. This scale is also has limit as

REFERENCES

well, which is the measurement can be done

subjectively. Therefore,

the

measurement

on

someone can only be done by estimating normally

on heartbeat while working.
The correlation between scale borg value
and heartbeat rate is by using borg scale
calculation, the heartbeat rate can be figured as
well by multiply the ordinal number with 10. For
example, if the workers value on borg scale is 12
then multyiply it with 10 so 12 x 10 = 120.

Mutia, Mega. 2014. Pengukuran Beban Kerja

Fisiologi Dan Psikologis Pada Operator
Pemetikan Teh dan Operator Produksi Teh
Hijau DI PT Mitra Kerinci. Padang:
Universitas Andalas
Kilbon, A. 1992. Measurement and Assesment of
Dynamic Work. Dalam: Evaluation of
Human

Work. A Practical

Ergonomic

Methodology, ed. By Willson, JR dan

Corlett, EN, Taylor and Francis, London:

Sarjana Ergonomi dan Fisiologi Olahraga.

pp. 520 - 542. pp. 641 661.

Universitas Udayana.

Manuaba, A. 1996. Pemanfaatan Ergonomi dan

Sudiajeng, L., & Tarwaka, S. B. (2004). Ergonomi

Fisiologi Olahraga untuk Pembangunan

Untuk Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

Manusia

dan Produktivitas. Surakarta: UNIBA Press.

Seutuhnya.

dan

Masyarakat

Denpasar:

Indonesia

Program

Pasca