Disaster management

V. Lokesh Ravi Teja

III MCA
Roll.No.13131F0046

What is a Disaster?
Disaster:
The occurrence of any event that causes damage,
ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health
services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from
outside the affected community or area. (WHO)
The disaster can be defined as an occurrence of an event
either nature or man made that causes human suffering and creates human
needs that victim cannot alleviate without assistance.( American Red
Cross)

Hazard + Vulnerability =
Disaster
Hazard -

Any phenomenon that has the potential to cause disruption

or damage to people and their environment.
Vulnerability

The propensity of things to be damaged by a hazard.

When hazard involves vulnerabilities or risks,

they can turn into disasters.

Disaster
Capacity
High to cope

Low

Classification of Disasters
Natural Disasters

Natural disasters
Meteorological Disasters

Man made disasters

Technological

Disaster Management
Also called as Emergency Management
Disaster management is the creation of plans through which
communities reduce vulnerability to hazards and cope with
disasters.
Disaster management does not avert or eliminate the threats;
instead, it focuses on creating plans to decrease the effect of
disasters. Failure to create a plan could lead to damage to
assets, human mortality, and lost revenue.

Emergency planning ideals

Recognition or identification of risks

Ranking or evaluation of risks
Responding to significant risks
Tolerate
Treat
Transfer
Terminate
Resourcing controls
Reaction Planning
Reporting & monitoring risk performance
Reviewing the Risk Management framework

Implementations
Pre-incident training
and testing

Communicating and
incident assessment

Phases and personal activities

Phases
Pre-Disaster

Post-Disaster

Prevention

Response

Mitigation

Recovery

Preparedness

Reconstruction

Prevention
Hazards are inevitable.
Deal with the
vulnerabilities.
Cost of recovery and
reconstruction is
reduced

Mitigation
Disaster mitigation
measures are those that
eliminate or reduce the
impacts and risks of
hazards
through
proactive
measures
taken
before
an
emergency or disaster
occurs

Preparedness
Preparedness focuses
on preparing equipment
and procedures for use
when a disaster occurs.

Response
The response phase of
an emergency may
commence with Search
and Rescue but in all
cases the focus will
quickly turn to fulfilling
the basic humanitarian
needs of the affected
population.

Recovery
The recovery phase
starts
after
the
immediate threat to
human
life
has
subsided.
The
immediate goal of the
recovery phase is to
bring the affected area
back to normalcy as
quickly as possible.

Reconstruction

Communication
Transportation
Electricity
Food and water
Houses
Hospitals
Offices

Major disasters in the world

Ra
nk

Death
toll

Event

Place

Year

10,00,00040,00,000

China floods

China

1936

9,00,00020,00,000

Yellow River
floods

China

1887

8,30,000

Shaanxi earth
quake

China

1556

2,42,0006,45,000

Tangshan
earthquake

China

1976

2,50,0005,00,000

Bhola cyclone

East
Pakistan

1970

Advantages

Avoid disasters
Reduces death number
Lessen the economic loss
Fast recovery

Challenges & Limitations

Prediction of disaster
Availability of trained people
Implementing perfect plan
Enough tools are not available
Transport food and medical services has to be
developed in the remote areas.

Conclusion
The disaster management is very fast growing
field by utilizing the developed technology to
avoid disasters. It plays a pivotal role in any
countrys development.