Augustus career, values, motives and achievements

Peace
A the age of 32, he had become Romes first Emperor,
promising to restore peace and security
Achieved over 40 years of internal peace and prosperity
Ara Pacis is Latin for Alter of Peace; dedicated to Pax the
Roman Goddess of Peace Divinity and peace (Pax Romana)
Commissioned by the senate July 4th BC to commemorate his
safe return from Gaul and Spain
Finished 9BC, Jan 30th
On the Are Pacis Augustus is praised for his accomplishments
as the founder in peace of Rome
On the Tellus relief, a cow and sheep resting at the foot of
Tellus are meant to convey peace of Rome, along with Tellus
herself who is considered to be Pax, the embodiment of
peace. By including these images on the Alter of Peace
dedicated to Augustus by the senate, he is portrayed as the
paternalistic father of his country and the great protector
who brought such goodness to Rome
He had ended a century of civil wars, and all hopes for a
peaceful future. The aim of Augustus was to guarantee law,
order, and security within the empire
The solution to all these wars came under the astute
leadership of Emperor Augustus it was called the Pax
Romana or Roman Peace
He made attempts to restore traditional moral values such as
rebuilding decaying temples
To the people, Augustus became a god, and from this worship
emerged the Imperial Cult
By 2BCE Augustus was declared Pater Patriae, the father of his
country

Source Evidence and Evaluation (two each)

Source 4: Ara Pacis Frieze Made for Augustus on return
from Gaul and Spain
On the Ara Pacis, we see how he portrays himself in
different lights. On the procession frieze of the Ara
Pacis he is dressed in a toga and carries a lituus which
marks his sacred position as the augur and so displays
him as a holy and pious Emperor, linking to the idea of
divine connection
All structures acted as pieces of propaganda, used to
promote a certain ideal of the Emperors who employed
their use
Source 12 The senate decreed that an altar of
Augustan Peace be consecrated for my return on the
Campus Martius Highlights the success and how
Augustus wanted to be remembered every year
through the Alter of Peace
Source 5 My song has led to the Altar of Peace
The poet Ovid tells us about the meaning of the term.
Source 13 From the founding city it is recorded that the
gates (of Janus Quirinus) were closed only twice, the senate
decreed that they be closed three times during my
principate Holy gates previously only closed twice.

Military
achievements/rest
oration of the
commonwealth

Traditional Roman
Religion

- Octavian was hailed as imperator for the sixth time as a result

- Octavian invaded Egypt, Antonys army left him and he
committed suicide cuz Cleopatra he thought had died
- Cleo later killed herself because she realised she would never
be the independent ruler of Egypt because Augustus was
taking everything
- Augustus also killed their heir to assure his imperium over
Egypt
- As he conquered Egypt, Augustus gained plentiful wealth and
resources as Egypts Nile offers much food and Egyptians
were quite wealthy
- With this wealth Augustus continued to travel east and
establish authority over many other eastern provinces and
kingdoms
- With this battle, Augustus got rid of Antony and so Augustus
became one of the most powerful leaders in all of Rome,
becoming the most influential person
- Brutus and Cassius had gained control over the Eastern
Provinces, and marched west with their nineteen legions
- The defeat marked the effective end of the republican party
with most of the leaders dying from fighting
- Augustus received Spain, Sardina and Africa and returned to
Italy to settle huge numbers of veterans
- Augustus inspired his Roman warriors by introducing revenge
into their hearts for the death of Caesar with the battle of
Philipi because Cassius and Brutus killed Caesar
- Brutus and Cassius was against the idea of sole leadership
and thats why they murdered Caesar but as revenge
Augustus strikes back and restarted Caesars idea of sole
leadership while being careful to say it was sole leadership
-

- The early Roman Republic fell into a pool of irresponsible

immorality, material wealth and possessions became
desired over religious values
- Augustus established a Religious reform, returning to the
traditional roman religion
- Augustus believed in ancestral values such as monogamy,
chastity, and piety (virtue).

When after the destruction of Brutus and Cassius,

Augustus won over the soldiers with gifts, the
populace with cheap corn and so grew greater by
degrees, while he concentrated in himself the
functions of Senate, the magistracies and the laws.
(Source 2)
Demonstrating Augustuss generosity and how he won over
his citizens of Rome by providing the poor with food dolls
and how he also concentrated on changing the upper class
citizens like how the Senate functions
He [Augustus] fought [many] civil wars including
Actium The underlying motive for every campaign
was that Augustus felt it his duty above all to
avenge Cesar and keep his decrees in force.
(Source 10)
Highlighting Augustus and how he fought in so many
battles to show how Augustus was willing to participate in
many battles for the glory of Rome for the people
I recovered many military standards lost by other
generals by conquering the enemy
(Source 1, 29)
He was the best of the best, he was true to his fighting
styles and planned for the uttermost success in his battles,
and he always won and would continue to always win for
Rome and power and for the people. Was willing to fight for
what he believed was right

Source 6. Augustus increased the number, dignity and

revenues of the priests, and especially those of the Vestal
Virgins.
Augustus appointed Lepidus the title of Pontifex
Maximus, the highest respected priesthood
After Lepidus died, Augustus took over the role of

- He introduced a number of moral and political reforms in

Pontifex Maximus, continuing the religious values
order to improve Roman society and formulate a new
performed
Roman government and lifestyle. The basis of each of these
Source 1. 13. the gates (of Janus Quirinus) were closed
reforms was to revive traditional Roman religion in the
only twice, the senate decreed that they be closed three
state.
times during my principate.
- The formal religious life of Rome, the political value of
which had been recognised by Polybius and Cicero,
The Janus Quirinus was a holy temple, when peace
whatever their personal beliefs, had fallen into neglect.
was brought by Augustus during the principate, the
- A reform of society, which could provide new values and
opening of the gates established divinity and religion
restore personal responsibility, was needed to breathe life
within the Roman Empire.
into Augustus political reorganization.
- Rome fell into a pool of irresponsible immorality, materials
wealth and possessions because desired over religious
values.
- Augustus established a reform, returning to the traditional
Roman religion

Augustus image
Achievements Achievements of adding Egypt into the
Roman Empire. Which gave Rome more food. This lead to the
empire gradually expanding. By conquering Egypt he was able
to emphasis his military image to the people. He has used
many media sources such as he Res Gestae (funery
conscription) and Prima Porta (Statue of Augustus). As he was
favpured by the people he was seen to be a god like figure
and thought of him as the Father of Rome.
Motives: His motives behind conquering Egypt wanted
further food and resources for the people. Used propaganda to
promote himself to the people. He wanted to gain the
peoples favpur, so he could be in power for as long as he
lived.
Values: He used propaganda to promote himself that he is
leading for the better of the Roman people.
Careers: Julius Caesar was thought of a God of some time.
Thus, when Augustus was in power he was thought of Gods
Son, which ultimately gave him a divine right to rule. He later
wanted to gain this image of a god himself so he made many
statues which represented in this way.

Achievements: Source 1 Res Gestae I added Egypt

to the empire of the Roman people This source was
written as a funerary inscription. He used the word I
to indicate he was the one who did this and he was the
savour and great leader of Rome. And all the Roman
of people called me father of my country (Source 1)
Motives: Res Gestue source 1 I was named Augustus
by a decree of the senate. This demonstrates that he
was named Augustus as he was favourable by the
senate.
It has been ordained by law that I be sacrosanct for
life and that I have the tribunciam power as long as I
live. Showing that by gaining the approval of the
people he was able to pass a law that meant he could
stay in power for as long as he lived. Careers: Prima
Porta, as Augustus has been displayed with the toga
o]and use of cupid on the statue.