DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTRICAL POWER AND HYDRAULIC TOOLS

1. DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTRICAL POWER AND HYDRAULIC TOOLS

2. ELECTRICAL POWER TOOLS Power drill Portable grinder Power saw
HYDRAULIC TOOLS Pipe bender Jack hammer
3. Portable Drill A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool
attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for boring holes in various materials
or fastening various materials together with the use of fasteners. Angle Grinder
An angle grinder is a handheld power tool that is used for cutting, grinding and
polishing. Also known as a disc grinder, angle grinders are powered by electric
motor, petrol engine or compressed air.
4. Power Saw A saw is a tool consisting of a hard blade, wire, or chain with a toothed
edge. It is used to cut through relatively hard material, most often wood. The cut is
made by placing the toothed edge against the material and moving it forcefully
back and forth. Pipe Bender Tube bending is the umbrella term for metal forming
processes used to permanently form pipes or tubing. One has to differentiate
between form-bound and freeform-bending procedures, as well as between heat
supported and cold forming procedures.
5. Jack Hammer A hydraulic hammer is a powerful tool used in demolition and
construction. It works on the principles of hydraulics as discovered and put into use
by Blaise Pascal.
6. PARTS OF PORTABLE ELECTRIC DISC GRINDER
7. Parts and function of a portable electric disc grinder 1. TOOL REST it is where
the position of the grinder when not in use. 2. OFF/ON SWITCH - A switch to switch
the motor ON and OFF. 3. SWITCH LOCK - A button which can keep the switch in the
ON position. 4. ELECTRICAL CORD with the plug, it is use to connect the drill to the
electrical supply. 5. CORD STRAIN RELIEVER It prevents the electrical cord to suffer
from strain during and after operation. 6. HANDLE it is held by the operator when
operating for better performance. 7. GUARD A metallic covering use in trapping
the chips flying from the work piece. 8. GRINDING DISK a manufactured stone disk
for cutting/grinding concrete/metal materials. 9. LOCKING NUT A nut use to
hold/lock the grinding disk firmly to avoid accident. 10. SPINDLE - used to attach the
grinding disk to the rotor of the motor.
8. Follow these seven easy steps to use an angle grinder safely. 1. Choose the right
grinder for the job and follow the manufacturers safety instructions. Grinders cause
more injuries than any other power tool. Do not use a bigger, more powerful grinder
than is necessary. 2. Only buy a grinder that has an automatic cut off switch
(usually called a dead mans 4. Ensure the cutting blades (e.g. multi-cutter blades)
are never used on grinders. They are not designed for this purpose. 5. Never

remove the safety guard from a hand held grinder. Bench grinders should be
secured to a bench and allowed to run free for a minute before use. 6. Always wear
protective gear, including safety goggles, when operating an angle grinder. Injuries
to the eyes are commonly associated with angle grinders. 3. Use the right-sized disc
for the grinder and make sure the locking nut is tight. Ensure the disc is suitable for
grinding the material you have selected and ensure the disc can be used at the
grinders maximum speed. It is common for unsuitable discs to shatter and cause
injuries.
9. DIFFERENT TYPES OF GRINDERS PORTABLE GRINDER 220V AC (Supply)
10. PORTABLE GRINDER 18V DC ( Supply)
11. PORTABLE GRINDER 220V AC (Supply)
12. TYPES OF GRINDING DISC
13. WORK PLACE
14. PARTS OF PORTABLE ELECTRIC DRILL
15. Parts and function of a portable electric drill 1. PISTOL GRIP A handle to hold
the drill. 2. CORD STRAIN RELIEVER It prevents the electrical cord to suffer from
strain during and after operation. 3. ELECTRICAL CORD with the plug, it is use to
connect the drill to the electrical supply. 4. SWITCH LOCK A button which can keep
the switch in the ON position. 5. TRIGGER SWITCH A switch to switch the motor ON
and OFF. 6. CHUCK WRENCH use to tighten and loosen the chuck. 7. REVERSING
SWITCH A switch use to reverse the rotation of the drill from forward to reverse
rotation and vice-versa. 8. CHUCK - holds and turns the rotary cutting tools.
16. DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTRIC DRILL ELECTRIC DRILL 18V DC (Supply)
17. METABO ELECTRIC DRILL 220V AC (Supply)
18. PORTABLE DRILL 220V AC (Supply)
19. WEL BILT ELECTRIC DRILL 220V AC (SUPPLY)
20. DRILL BIT
21. DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRILL BIT
22. PARTS OF HYDRAULIC PIPE BENDER
23. Parts & Function of a Hydraulic Pipe Bender HYDRAULIC PUMP It is considered
to be the heart of tool where in it houses the hydraulic oil. HYDRAULIC HOSE A
high-pressure resistant hose where the hydraulic oil travel from the hydraulic pump
to hydraulic ram. RAM TRAVEL GAUGE A visible guide in determining the
distance travelled by the hydraulic ram. HYDRAULIC RAM it is the one that

pushes the pipe being bended to the desired angle. PIPE SUPPORT It provides
support to the pipe being bended. BENDER SHOE It catches the pipe being
bended attached to the hydraulic ram. BENDER FRAME it houses the entire unit
that provides strength and support.
24. DIFFERENT TYPES OF HYDRAULIC BENDER
25. PORTABLE PIPE BENDER
26. PARTS OF A CIRCULAR POWER SAW
27. DIFFERENT TYPES OF POWER SAW CIRCULAR SAW
28. RECIPROCATING SAW
29. JIG OR SABER SAW
30. CHAIN SAW
31. TABLE SAW
32. POWER SAW BLADES
33. PORTABLE JACK HAMMER

Types and components of computer system

1. Information and Communication Technology Types and components of Computer
Systems
2. Candidates should be able to define hardware, giving examples define software,
giving examples describe the difference between hardware and software identify
the main components of a general-purpose computer: central processing unit,
main/internal memory (including ROM and RAM), input devices, output devices and
secondary/backing storage identify operating systems, including those which
contain a graphical user interface, a command line Interface identify different types
of computer including Personal Computer or desktop, mainframe, laptop, palmtop
and Personal Digital Assistant describe recent developments in ICT
3. INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPUTER The term computer is used for any device
that may be employed to compute or to calculate.
4. What is Computer? A computer is an electronic device that receives input, stores
it for a period of time, operating it according to a set of instructions (Known as a
PROGRAM) and gives the user with an output. -OR- Computer is an electronic device
which converts data into information.

5. Types of Computers Computers come in all sorts of shapes and sizes. Based on
Capacity, speed and reliability computers can be divided into the following
categories of computers: A palmtop computer is similar to a laptop computer, but
smaller. It's small enough to fit in the palm of your hand (hence the name!).
Palmtops are usually not very powerful since fast CPUs require a large battery and
get hot - both problems in a small device. A 'laptop' computer is a light,
compact and portable PC. Laptops contain a rechargeable battery so that they can
be used even when not plugged in to a mains power supply. They also have a builtin LCD monitor.
6. Types of Computers Computers come in all sorts of shapes and sizes. Based on
Capacity, speed and reliability computers can be divided into the following
categories of computers: A palmtop computer is similar to a laptop computer, but
smaller. It's small enough to fit in the palm of your hand (hence the
name!)Palmtops are usually not very powerful since fast CPUs require a large
battery and get hot - both problems in a small device. A 'laptop'
computer is a light, compact and portable PC. Laptops contain a rechargeable
battery so that they can be used even when not plugged in to a mains power
supply. They also have a built-in LCD monitor. A mainframe computer is a large
computer, often used by large businesses, in government offices, or by universities.
7. Computer System A computer system is the combination of hardware and
software. A typical computer system has memory and set of states that define the
relationship between the system's inputs and outputs.
8. Important Terms DATA- The collection of raw facts is called data. PROCESSINGThe action required to be performed on data to convert it into result is called
processing. RESULT- The useful information after processing of data is called result.
INFORMATION- It is the collection of data according to a set parameter.
9. Important Terms INPUT- The process of collecting and entering data into the
computer is called input. OUTPUT- Output is the result we get after the processing of
data and taking it out of memory.
10. FEATURES OF COMPUTER Speed Accuracy Storage Versatility Automation
Diligence
11. LIMITATIONS OF A COMPUTER Computer is as intelligent as is the program that
runs it. Without a program computer is useless. Computer cannot detect wrong
feeding of data.
12. Simple Input/Output System INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT We get the output on the
output unit. Input Unit is used to enter data into Computer Processing takes place in
the processing unit. It has three main units-Memory, CU, ALU.

13. Computer Components The Computer System has two main components which
when both combined makes a computer system. These are Hardware Software
14. Hardware Hardware means the physical structure of a computer, i.e., the parts
that can be touched by us. All the components attached to the computer like
Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Printers are hardware.
15. Software Hardware is just a box with electronic parts in it. It cannot do any work
by itself. It needs certain programs to do some work. Software is a general term
used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation
that perform some tasks on a computer system. Software includes websites,
programs, video games etc.
16. The Difference Between Hardware and Software Computer hardware is the
physical components that make up the computer system. Hardware is useless
without software to run on it. Software is instructions that tell computer hardware
what to do. Software is useless unless there is hardware to run it on. For a computer
system to be useful it has to consist of both hardware and software. Hardware is the
actual components that your computer is made of: ram, rom, motherboard, modem,
wireless chip etc. Software is any program that you load onto a computer: the
operating system (Windows, Linux) games or applications.
17. Hardware Components We can categorize hardware components in three broad
categories: Input Devices CPU, the Central Processing Unit, and Output Devices
[Backing] Storage Devices or Secondary Memory
18. Input Devices Input devices are used to put data and instructions into a
computer. Most common input devices are keyboard and mouse.
19. Central Processing Unit CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.It is a small chip
inside the computer. It does all decisions, calculations. It also controls other parts of
a computer. CPU consists of several section: Control Unit (CU) Arithmetic and Logic
Unit (ALU) Main Memory Each of the section has its own function. They work
together with other Peripherals to form a computer.
20. 1. Control Unit Control Unit controls operations of other parts of CPU as well as
all parts of computer by sending a control signal, e.g. control sequence of
instruction to be executed control flow of data among all parts of computer interpret
instructions regulate timing of procressor send control single to and recieve control
single from peripheral devices
21. 2. Arithmetic and Logic Unit Arithmetic and Logic Unit consists of a complicated
set of logic circuit and accumulator. It is mainly responsible for Calculation Logical
comparison and decision
22. 3. Main Memory The main memory holds the program instructions and data. It
contains two types of memory chip, called ROM and RAM. Random Access Memory

(RAM) is the part of the computer that temporarily stores the instructions that the
computer is running, and the data it is processing. RAM is a volatile storage device.
When a computer is in use, its RAM will contain The operating system software
The application software currently being used Any data that is being processed
Read-Only Memory (ROM) is used in most computers to hold a small, special piece
of software: the 'boot up' program. This software runs when the
computer is switched on or 'boots up'. The software checks the
computers hardware and then loads the operating system. ROM is non-volatile
storage.
23. Output Devices Output devices are used to get the result of the processing done
by the computer. Most common output devices include monitor and printer.
24. Storage Devices Secondary or backing storage is used to store programs and
data when they are not being used i.e. used to store permanently. Secondary
storage is non-volatile, so data that is stored on these devices remains there safely.
A hard drive, a CD-ROM, a floppy disc and a USB memory stick are all examples of
secondary storage devices.
25. Peripheral Devices Peripheral devices are not part of the central core of the
computer. The general name for extra/additional devices is peripheral devices.
They are usually categorized into input devices, output devices and storage devices.
CD-ROM drive, Mouse, Printer, Speaker, Scanner, Zip drive are some examples of
peripheral devices.
26. Types of Software Application Software System Software Utility Software
27. System Software A system software package is a collection of programs
designed to operate, control, and extend processing capabilities of computers.
Operating System is one of the system software.
28. Application Software An application software is a set of programs that allow
computer to perform a specific data-processing job for the user. Special Purpose
Software General Purpose Software
29. Utility Software Utility software is special purpose software that improves the
operations of system software by providing additional and specialized functionality
to it. It helps to keep your system in shape by eliminating/correcting error. Utility
is a program that performs a very specific task, usually related to managing system
resources.
30. Operating Systems An Operating System is the most important program that
runs on a computer. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating
system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as
recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping

track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as
disk drives and printers.
31. Operating Systems Operating systems provide a software platform on top of
which other programs, called applicationprograms, can run. The application
programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system. Your
choice of operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications
you can run. In any computer, the operating system: controls the backing store and
peripherals such as scanners and printers deals with the transfer of programs in and
out of memory organizes the use of memory between programs organizes
processing time between programs and users maintains security and access rights
of users deals with errors and user instructions allows the user to save files to a
backing store The platform defines a standard around which a system can be
developed.
32. User Interfaces A user interface is the method by which the user and the
computer exchange information and instructions. There are two main types:
Command Line or Character User Interface (CUI) Graphical User Interface (GUI)
33. User Interfaces Command-line interfaces A command-line interface allows the
user to interact with the computer by typing in commands-set of instruction. The
computer displays a prompt, the user keys in the command and presses enter or
return. An example of a common command driven interface is MS-DOS. Features of
a command-line interface Commands must be typed correctly and in the right order
or the command will not work. Experienced users who know the commands can
work very quickly without having to find their way around menus. An inexperienced
user can sometimes find a command driven program difficult to use because of the
number of commands that have to be learnt.
34. User Interfaces Graphical user interfaces Graphical user interface is sometimes
shortened to GUI. The user chooses an option usually by pointing a mouse at an
icon representing that option. Features of GUIs include: They are much easier to use
for beginners. They enable you to easily exchange information between software
using cut and paste or 'drag and drop'. They use a lot of memory and
processing power.
35. User Interfaces When discussing user interfaces, it is important to note that
Windows XP, Windows Vista, Apple OSX and Ubuntu all have graphical user
interfaces. Windows XP: an operating system by Microsoft Windows Vista: an
operating system by Microsoft Apple OSX: an operating system by Apple Computers
Ubuntu: an open source (freely available) operating system Simply, a GUI is a one
where the Operating System uses a WIMP- Windows Icons Menus Pointers
environment.
36. Points to Remember The speed of a CPU is measured in Hertz (Hz).The speed
generally corresponds to the number of actions the CPU can perform every second.1

Megahertz (MHz) is 1,000,000 (1 million) Hertz 1 Gigahertz (GHz) is 1,000,000,000

(1 billion) Hertz A typical, modern, fast CPU runs at around 2.8GHz. That means it
can perform almost 3 billion actions every second!