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Procedure
1. For each of the two analog signals shown below, determine their amplitude (peak),
amplitude (peak-peak), period (T), and frequency (f). Be sure to put your answer in
proper engineering notation and use the correct units.
Amp(peak): 7.5V
Period: 500ns
Frequency: 2MHz
Amp(peak):
2V
Amp (peak-peak):
4V
Period:
1ms
Frequency:
1kHz
2. For each of the two digital signals shown below, determine the amplitude, period (T),
frequency (f), time high (tH), time low (tL), and duty cycle (DC). Be sure to put your
answer in proper engineering notation and use the correct units.
Amplitude:
5V
Period:
400s
Frequency:
2.5kHz
Time High:
300s
Time Low:
100s
Duty Cycle:
75%
Amplitude:
5V
Period:
1.65ms
Frequency:
606.06Hz
Time High:
150s
Time Low:
1.5ms
Duty Cycle:
10%
3. Using the Circuit Design Software (CDS), enter the test circuit shown below. This
circuit consists of a CLOCK_VOLTAGE, a DC_POWER (battery) and two 5v LAMPS.
This circuit doesnt really do much of anything useful other than make the two lamps
flash, but we will be using it to gain experience using the oscilloscope to measure
signals.
d) Start the simulation. Are the lamps flashing? Does the flashing rate make sense for
the frequency and duty cycle of the CLOCK_VOLTAGE? If not, review your setup
and make any necessary corrections.
e) Now that the circuit is working, use the oscilloscope to measure the signal being
generated by the CLOCK_VOLTAGE. Use the markers to measure the period, time
high, and time low. Use this data to calculate the frequency and duty cycle of the
signal.
The markers are flags marked 1 and 2 at the top of the oscilloscope.
These can be dragged from side-to-side and lined up on the vertical
transitions of the wave. The readings for these markers are found in the area
to the right of the labels T1 and T2. In the figure below, Marker 1 is showing
the Time High to be about 5ms. Marker 2 is showing the period to be about
50ms.
Duty Cycle = (5ms 50ms)x100 = 10%
The Duty Cycle is verified to be 10% and the Frequency is verified to be 20Hz.
Conclusion
1. List the characteristic that makes a digital signal different from an analog signal.
An analog signal can have any value within a defined range.
A digital signal can only have specific discrete values.
2. In the diagram shown below, label the parts of the analog signal.
A Amplitude (Peak to Peak)
B Amplitude (Peak)
C Period
3. In the diagram shown below, label the parts of the digital signal.
A Amplitude
B Time High (tH)
C Period (T)
D Time Low (tL)
E Rising Edge
F Falling Edge
4. What are the two standard voltage levels that are acceptable for a digital signal?
0V and 5V