joint_press_fit.

xls
By Alex Slocum
Last modified 12/10/04 by Xue'en Yang and Alex Slocum, with thanks to
Clearance and pressure in shrink-fit bo
Enter numbers in BOLD, Results in R
Loads
Torque to be transmitted (N-mm)
Axial force to be transmitted (N)
Coefficient of friction
Operating temperature (oC)
Stress concentration factor at interface edge
Rotation speed (rpm)
Outer body input parameteres
Outside diameter (mm)
Interface diameter (mm)
Plus tolerance (mm)
Minus tolerance (mm)
Modulus of elasticity (N/mm2)
Yield strength (N/mm2)
Poisson's ratio
Coefficient of thermal expansion (1/oC)
Density (g/cm3)
Inner body input parameters
Engagement length (mm)
Intended outside diameter (mm)
Dimensioned outside diameter (mm)
Plus tolerance (mm)
Minus tolerance (mm)
Inside diameter (mm)
Modulus of elasticity (N/mm2)
Yield strength, obsy (N/mm2)
Poisson's ratio
Coefficient of thermal expansion (1/oC)
Density (g/cm3)
Shrink-fit design
Desired assembly clearance at deltaT (mm)
Required differential temperature if heating outer body (oC)
Required differential temperature if cooling inner body (oC)
Press-fit design
Maximum assembly force to press fit (N)
Minimum assembly force to press fit (N)

torque
force
mu
ot
scf
rpm

2
400
0.15
20
2
3600

obod
obid
obptol
obmtol
obe
obsy
obn
obcte
obrho

330.000
20.000
0.005
0.005
2.00E+05
50
0.27
1.17E-05
7.827

L
ibod
ibptol
ibmtol
ibid
ibe
ibsy
ibn
ibcte
ibrho

10.000
20.020
20.017
0.005
0.005
2
2.00E+05
50
0.27
1.17E-05
7

ddt
robdt
ribdt

0
1.17E+02
1.17E+02

Fpfmax
Fpfmin

1.28E+04
3.48E+03

joint_press_fit.xls
By Alex Slocum
and Alex Slocum, with thanks to Stephen Jarman and Richard Blakelock
arance and pressure in shrink-fit bodies
ter numbers in BOLD, Results in RED
Interference parameters
Minimum required interface pressure (N/mm2)
rPI
Differential Poisson radial interference due to axial force (mm)
ddp
Differential thermal radial expansion (mm)
ted
Outer body rotating inner diameter radial displacement (mm) robd
Inner body rotating outer diameter radial displacement (mm) ribd
Total additional diametrical interference amount to be added (to ibod) (mm) addi
Interference fit calculations (assumes addi has been added to ibod)
Maximum diametrical interference (mm) maxdelta
Maximum resulting interface pressure (N/mm2) maxip
Minimum diametrical interference (mm) mindelta
Minimum resulting interface pressure (N/mm2) minip
Minimum safety margin (min obtained pressure/required pressure)
Maximum sustainable torque (N-mm) maxt
Minimum sustainable Torque (N-mm) mint
Minimum safety margin (min obtained torque/required torque)
Outer body material stresses at maximum interface pressure
Radial displacement of inner surface (mm)
Radial press-fit stress at ID (N/mm2) obsr
Circumferential press-fit stress at ID (N/mm2) obsc
Axial stress from applied axial Force (N/mm2) obsz
Shear stress from applied Torque (N/mm2) obtau
Max radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2) obrc
Max circumferential centrifugal stress (N/mm2) obcc
Max Von Mises stress (N/mm2) obvm
Resulting safety factor (Yield stress)/(scf*Von Mises stress)
Inner body material stresses at maximum interface pressure
Radial displacement of outer surface (mm)
Radial press-fit stress (N/mm2)
ibsr
Circumferential press-fit stress (N/mm2) ibsc
Axial stress from applied axial Force (N/mm2) ibsz
Shear stress from applied Torque (N/mm2) ibtau
Max radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2) ibrc
Max circumferential centrifugal stress at ID (N/mm2) ibcc
Von Mises stress at ID (N/mm2) ibvm
Resulting safety factor (Yield stress)/(scf*Von Mises stress)

4.24E+00
-1.73E-05
0.00E+00
1.24E-03
9.51E-07
-2.51E-03
2.75E-02
1.36E+02
7.49E-03
3.69E+01
8.70E+00
1.28E+05
3.48E+04
17400.686
8.66E-03
-1.36E+02
1.37E+02
4.69E-03
1.72E-08
1.09E+01
2.48E+01
2.57E+02
0.097
-5.09E-03
-1.36E+02
-1.38E+02
1.28E+00
1.27E-03
3.30E-02
8.17E-02
2.74E+02
0.091

Equations Ref
1
2
3
4

(See diagrams)
5
(See diagrams)
5

6
7
8
9
10
11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

case 1: stresses at inner radius

Radial press-fit stress (N/mm2)
Circumferential press-fit stress (N/mm2)
Axial stress from applied axial Force (N/mm2)
Shear stress from applied Torque (N/mm2)
Radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2)
Circumferential centrifugal stress at ID (N/mm2)
Von Mises stress at ID (N/mm2)
case 1: stresses at inner radius
Radial press-fit stress (N/mm2)
Circumferential press-fit stress (N/mm2)
Axial stress from applied axial Force (N/mm2)
Shear stress from applied Torque (N/mm2)
Radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2)
Circumferential centrifugal stress at ID (N/mm2)
Von Mises stress at ID (N/mm2)

Evaluate the stresses at insid

For the
10.000000
-135.530890
136.530196
0.004694
0.000000
0.000000
24.778168
257.392998
For the
1.000000
-0.000027
-273.794227
1.283506
0.000127
0.000000
0.081674
274.356545

Evaluate the stresses at inside, outside and sqrt(DiDo) diameters

For the outer body
case 2: stresses at outer radius
165.000000
0.000000
0.999306
0.004694
0.000000
0.000000
5.617924
6.614884
For the inner body
case 2: stresses at outer radius
10.010000
-135.530890
-138.263365
1.283506
0.001270
0.000000
0.019006
138.191113

case 3: stresses sqrt(DiDo)/2

case 3: stresses sqrt(DiDo)/2

40.6201920
-7.7446223
8.7439284
0.0046940
0.0000000
10.923926
12.759371
20.100212
3.1638585
-123.2210912
-150.5731637
1.2835063
0.0002006
0.033012
0.042970
140.157351

From Slocum, A. H., Precision Machine Design, 1995, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI.
(first published by Prentice Hall in 1992), pp 387-399

Radial displacements due to Poisson effect, thermal expansion and rotation

Inner body Poisson radial displacement

2 Fouter DI , outer
2 Finner DO ,inner
uPoisson

2
2
(D
( DO ,inner 2 DI ,inner 2 ) Einner
O , outer DI , outer ) Eouter
Thermal radial
mismatch
, use

uthermal
Tradial
(CTEinner
CTEouter ) Dcaused
Dint erface
int erface / 2 by rotation
Outer
body
displacement

ucentri ,outer

2
8E *

ucentri ,outer

2
8E *

DI ,outer

DO ,inner

(2)

DI ,outer

DO ,outer 2 DI ,outer 2 DI ,outer DO ,outer 2 DI ,outer

4(1 outer )
2
8(1 (3)

outer )

(3 outer )

(1)

Inner body radial displacement caused by rotation

Interface pressure as a result of diametrical interference

P

DI ,outer
Eouter

DO ,outer 2 DI ,outer 2

DO ,inner

2
2 outer
D
Einner

D
I ,outer
O ,outer

DO ,inner 2 DI ,inner 2

2
2 inner
D
O ,inner DI ,inner

(5)

For the outer body subjected to internal pressure, axial force, torque and rotation
The radial displacement of the inner surface caused by internal pressure

(6)

DI , outer P DI , outer 2 DO, outer 2

outer

2
2

2 Ecaused
DI ,pressure
outer D
O , outer
outer

Radial stress
by
internal
uinner

D
r , pressure =

I , outer2

1+

O , outer 2

D
D
D
O , outer 2
I , outer 2
I , outer2
(7)
Circumferential stress caused by internal pressure
D
, pressure=

I , outer 2

D
D
O , outer 2
I , outer 2
(8)
Axial stress caused by axial force
4F
z
2
2

(
D
DItorque
O ,outer by
,outer )
Shear stress caused

O , outer 2

I , outer2

DO ,inner 2 DI ,inner 2 DO ,inner DO ,inner DI ,inner 2

4(1 inner )
2
8(1 (4)
inner )

(3 inner )

)
(9)

(9)

4F
z
2
2
( Dcaused
DItorque
O ,outer by
,outer )
Shear stress

Circumferential centrifugal stress at the inner surface

, centrifugal=

2 ( 3+ outer ) D I , outer 2

8
4
Von Mises stress at the inner surface

VonMises

D
+

O , outer 2

( 1+3 outer ) D I , outer 2

( 3+ outer )

( r , pressure , centrifugal ) 2 ( , pressure ,centrifugal z ) 2 ( r z ) 2

(11)

3 2

(12)

For the inner body subjected to external pressure, axial force, torque and rotation
The radial displacement of the outer surface caused by internal pressure
D O , inner P D O , inner 2 D I , inner 2
inner
2 E outer D
D
O , inner 2
I , inner 2
Radial stress caused by internal pressure

uouter =

D
r , pressure =

O , inner2

D
1

I , inner 2

)
)

(13)

(14)

D
D
D
O , inner 2
I , inner 2
O , inner 2
Circumferential stress caused by internal pressure
D
, pressure=

O , inner 2

D
1+

D
D
O , inner 2
I , inner 2
(15)
Axial stress caused by axial force

I ,inner 2

O , inner 2

4F
(D
2 D
2)
,inner
inner
Shear stressO caused
byI ,torque

(16)

z=

16 D O ,inner
(D
D
)
O , inner 4
I , inner 4
Circumferential centrifugal stress at the outer surface

(17)

, centrifugal=

2 ( 3+ inner ) D I , inner 2

8
2
Von Mises stress at the outer surface

VonMises

D
+

O , inner 2

(1+3 inner ) D O , inner 2

( 3+ inner )

(18)

( r , pressure ,centrifugal )2 ( , pressure ,centrifugal z )2 ( r z )2

2

3 2
(19)

born, MI.
Interference Diagrams

(1)

(2)

DI ,outer

1 (3)
outer )

uter

2
DI ,inner

1 (4)
inner )

inner

(5)

(6)

(9)

(9)

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(16)

(17)

(18)

)2

3 2
(19)