afl) Designation: A 193/A 193M — 99a Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and St. Temperature Service’ -o kmstcan Nan Strat less Steel Bolting Materials for High- ‘hs standards isd unr he fd designation A 193/193 Se munber indy lowing the desigeonntctes the year fig sdaption a. inthe case of ison te yar of lt revson. Amur in press ines ea fast approval ‘A sepenarn epson (inseam ator change sine the lt eso or appa ‘Ths sada has been approved fr ace by agencies of the Deparment of Defoe 1. Scope 1.1 This specification? covers alloy and stainless stee! bolt- ing material for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for high-temperature service. The term bolting material as used in this specification covers bars, bols, screws, studs, stud bolts, ‘and wire. Bars and wire shall be hot-wrought, The material ‘may be further processed by centerless grinding ot by cold drawing, Austenitic stainless steel may be carbide solution ‘treated or carbide solution treated and strain-hardened. When strain hardened austenitic ste! is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly understood. 1.2 Several grades are covered, including fervitic steels and austenitic stainless steels designated B 5, B 8, and so forth Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, me- chanical properties, and high-temperature characteristics. Nore I—The commitee formulating this spoifcation has included Sitteen stot types tat have been rather extensively wed for the present Pupese. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the ome fom tne to time as the eed becomes apparent ‘Nore 2—For ges ofalloystel bolting material suitable for use at ‘te lower range of high-emporature applications, reference should Be ‘made 1 Specification A 384, Nore 3—For grades of alioyste bolting material eitble for use in lowtempertute application, reference should be made to Specification ‘3208 320M 1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 14, 14 Supplementary Requirements $1 through $9 are pro- Vided for use when additional tests or inspection are desired, ‘These shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. 15 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units, However, unless the order specifies. the applicable M specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inck-pound units. "Tas speifition is nde the jin of ASTM Commie At 8 Se, ‘Sunless Sel, and Rene Aloys i i th dest sponse Srhcamneg 01.22 on Vaivs,Fitings, Boling, and Bangs fr High and Sobamorpese Tepes Curent eon approved Dee 10, 1999. Peblished Dect 199, Orginal aed 364 19336. Last previous eon A 198A 19361 -99, "Fer ASME Bove a Precture Vsel Code ayplisolion 0 red Specie ton 54-193 in Seton of tt Code ‘pia O ASM, 100 Sn bor he, Wes Cahoon, P1428 286, Unt Stes 116 The values stated in either inck-pound units of SI units are to be regarded separately as standard, Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in cach system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specific cation, 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: ‘A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold- Finished? ASSIA 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel [Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Service® A320/A 320M Specification for Alloy Steel Boling Ma- terials for Low-Temperature Service! A354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasten- ‘4.370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Stel Producis*é ‘A-S84A S84M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Stee! Bars, Billets, and Forgings® ASI Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products® ‘A788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require- rents? E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials? E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials? E 112 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain Size” E 139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials! 2 dant Book of ASTM Standards, Yo 98 ‘imu Book of ASTM Senders, el 0.0 Amal Book of AST Sendarde, Vo 1808 ‘dane Book of ASTM Stndarde el 0108 * anal Bock of ASTM Standard Vel 03,08,hh A 1939/4 193m E 150 Practice for Conducting Creep and Creep-Rupture Tension Tests of Metalic Materials Under Conditions of Rapid Heating and Short Times* E151 Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating and Conven- tional or Rapid Strain Rates® 202 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture ‘Notch Tension Tests of Materials? E328 Methods for Stres-Relaxation Tests for Materials and Structures? E38] Method of Macroetch Testing Stee! Bars, Billets, Blooms and Forgings? 566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Curren!) Sorting of Ferrous Metal? E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination? F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop- erties of Extemally and Intemally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, and Rivets 2.2. ANSI Standards:"® B11 Scvew Threads BLI3M Metric Screw Threads BI182.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws B18.23.1M Metric Hex Cap Screws B 183 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws B183.1M Metric Socket Head Cap Serews 23. AIAG Standard: AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag, Appli- cation Standard!" 3. Ordering Information 3.1 The inquiry and order for material under this specfica- tion shall include the following as required to deseribe the material adequately: 3.111 Specification, designation, year date, and grade, 3.12 Heat-treated condition (that is, normalized and tem- ered, or quenched and tempered, forthe feritic materials, and cubide solution treated (Class 1), carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A), and carbide solution treated and strain- hardened (Classes 2, 2B and 2C), forthe austenitic stainless steels; Classes 1B and IC apply to the carbide solution-treated nittogen-bearing stainless stels; Class ID applies to materi catbide solution treated by cooling rapidly from the rolling temperature), 3:13 Quantity (that is, number of pieces or weight, 3.14 Description of items required (that is, bars, bots, sews, or studs), 3.1.5 Dimensions (that is, diameter, length of point, overall length, finish, shape, and treads), 3.1.6 Nuts, if required by purchaser, in accordance with M4, ‘scorned 6 983 dna! Book of ASTM Stondrts, Vt 03.0 * anal £008 9f ASTM Standards, Ws 08.08 " Ava rom American Notional Scars Inte, 1] West 42nd SL. 155 ge, Now Yor NY 10036 "avaible from Auomotve Indust Aston Group, 2620 Lak, Suite 200, Saul, ME 45004, 3.1.7 Supplementary requirements, if any, and 3.1.8 Special requirements, in accordance 113, 15.1, 16.1, 18.1, and 171. 63, 6.5.1, 4, Manufacture (Process) 4.1 The steel shall be produced by any of the following Processes: openshearth, basic-oxygen, electricfurnace, of ‘vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The primary melting method may incorporate separate degassing or refining. The ‘molten stee! may be vacuum-treated prior to or during pouring Of the ingot or strand casting. The basic-oxygen process shall be limited to steels eontaining not over 6 % chromium, 42 Quality—To ensure soundness, ferrtic steel bars and wire shall be tested in accordance with Method E 381, or other suitable method as agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer. When bar or wire is supplied, the bar or wire producer shall perform the test. When fasteners are supplied, Cither the bar or wire producer or the fastener producer, as agreed upon between them, shall perform the test. Quality control procedures shall be Sufficient to demonstrate that the testing was performed and that the results were acceptable, A bar lot consisting of one heat or 10 000 Ibs, whichever is smaller, shall be represented by a minimum of one macroetch. Visual examination of transverse sections shall show no imperfections worse than the macrographs of Method E 381 S4-R4-O4 or equivalent as agreed upon. Distinct zones of solidification shall not be present, 5. Discard 5.1_A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. 6, Heat Treatment 6.1 Ferrite steels shall be properly heat treated as best suits the high-temperature characteristics of each grade. Imm ately after rolling or forging, the bolting material shall be allowed to cool te a temperature below the cooling transfor ation range. The materials which are to be furnished in the liquid-quenched condition shall then be uniformly reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group thus ‘cheated being known as a quenching change) and quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions for teach quenching charge. Use of water quenching is prohibited for any feritic grade when heat treatment is part ofthe fastener ‘manufacturing process. This prohibition does not apply to heat, treated bar or to fasteners machined therefrom. Material Grade B16 shall be heated to 2 temperature range from 1700 to 1750°F [925 to 954°C] and oil quenched. The materials tha are to be fumished in the normalized or air-quenched condition shall be reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain and cooled uniformly in air to @ temperature below the transformation temperature range. The material, whether liquid-quenched or normalized, shall then be uniformly re- hheated for tempering. The minimum tempering temperature ‘hall be as specified in Table 2 and Table 3.Qh) A 1939/0 193m TABLE 4_ Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent/* Te. Fert Stats rade 5 Bi a Ba Deserbion| 3 Cheer 12% Crema [NS Type «10 ange rocuetvarauen, Ra ‘rosie varatan Over Unser (ero: uncer caton ‘Oromia ‘0% under Tismar 001 var Manganese, max 109 cd over 0 803 60 Phosphor, mex 000 008 over 000 0.006 oer Sut mas bas 0006 over 2090 0.005 over Sie, 1.00 max bosover Some 005 ever (Geum 4080 030 ws 01s Maybsenom osoo5s 808 Tipe Fer Stole Gade. Br ama a Deseroton “Gharionoybaeram™ (econ Monon Vana Product varaton Prduet vara, ange ee oF Unc Bane Oot ae Under oy sro 02 oss0a7 ce Manganese Oas.110 08 bam 003 Prosshons, max oss 0.006 over oss £0005 over Sol ae 2040 Soe ever Bow 0.008 ever om Ots035 oa ots035 ove Green o7e120 D5 dentate 005 eyosenan oxsas ae oseaas 003 Verso 35038 oc3 Marie. : ois jive ‘Aint Soa? Gases 1 TA 10, ard eas Be, Gea 0, 66k Batt BBA, BBE, SOND ‘Bor, B8°A Deseipeon TSI Typ8 308 TNSI Type 347 AISIType 316 "ASH Type 05 wah osc Predict vara, rote! Vani, Proeet gh, pangy Product Varaon Range over Une moe overorunse®” PANG GrarerUncere” FaPae Gucrryeumes ‘Caton wax 08 0G over 008 sar oer 208001 oer 12 oor rer Marganesa,max 200 Oat over 20 dtower 200 tower 200 Oot over Prosstons. mx «O85 oto wer 00% O10 over Ooi —ootdorer 20% ootd oe Sut mae 2030 as eve 003 Gans ever O08 ever 2030 0008 er Sten, max 100 Ons over 100 ooscver 100 Gas oner 300 O05 over renin ta0200 020 wot 020 weno Om i7owgo 029 Nov Boao ane e010 as forse Oi Wore O48 Nessie : 200300 G10 Cousin + seaniat 10's carton 0.5 unser 4.40 maxGh A 193/a 193M TABLE 1 Continued Tee ‘iene Saal,” Castes TA 18 1D, ad 2 Graae Be, BNA EU, BENIN Baan, COGAN a ‘AIS Type a0 ‘SH ype 96H Tastes, 20 Cerium, 18 Neel 6 Moybsonun wa esices cten rosie aration ProdeatVaraian, Range Page ‘rer or Under ange vere Under ‘Catan mae oo 901 aver 08 (001 over ome Manganase, mae 20) 04 over 200 804 rer oe" rose, ma ots S010 ae Sous 2010 vee 0 ta. mar 2030 006 ver 020 0008 ove oro ‘Sheen, ‘0 0s ever ‘bo 0.05 over 090 ‘ceo fao200 a0 60180 023 Sas208 Nel sono ons roorse O%8 vstas hovtamaen 200.800 ox e085 woogen| otoe1 ao o1eo%e 601 o1eoz Comper 7 050.00 Tie. Se Ausiontc Stes", Cass 1,10, and2 eee 67, 657A Deseepson eee ‘ASH Type 321 ‘rac vate, Page verre” 008 0 aver 200 04 over 8s oro over 20m 2005 over 00 Boson S020 ons vreteo 02 SxC+Nymia,o70 max 008 under Reales Seal Casses 1 and 1D Bam, BoA Bes, BSA, 22 Charo Nihal 6 Manganese 1 Cheonduna Wesel Sticon + FevopeN duet vara, i Prout varaon Link! Over 0 Under ad Over or Uner® ‘Gato, mae ons ‘001 over 10 ‘00% ever Wargsseeo S060 05 yoo 0.08 Phocians. max os 0.005 ove 060. 0.005 over ‘Sus mae 0030 08 oer 8090, (3.005 oer ‘teat 1.00 mac Dosover 3545 ors Goro poems oes teoreo 020 esa sis O35 oos0 030 oyboeaun 165309 010 : gen ome owe dseore oss Calan + nt dx0090 906 Vara 10030 oie z Te Austente Sto” Classes 1, 1A 10 eae Ban, BAIN BEN, BANA essen ‘AS Type S04 wt wesed carbon ‘ISL Typa HN wih esta atoon Prado Variaton, Pradut Vaan, = ero: Under Range voter Unde amen nae bas 0005 oer 08 ‘0005 aver Manganese 200 2.04 over 200 Oot over Prosthors, mae 04s. Odtoeee O04 to over Sule ae 20% 0008 ove oom 0.005 over Sion 0 Sas oer ‘00 oes over Chemie 1eo200 020 teoreo o ‘a aDa0 O46 sooo 015 Mabicenan 200300 010 iregen droar6 ‘oy 10056 bor ‘te itentonal aon o Bi Go, To, and Po bs no omtod ead analyst deemia¥ns scans vary om to species en ranges as sown ines. The sever! deleminatons 0 ary nil ‘tagant in 2 bat may ot vary bath sbov aed bei te pees ange ‘ia steel compostens used forts grado ude 140,414, $145, 440K, 142M, and 4148 Ferber sees over 32n [80 sn, incu, the carbo cote my be 0.50 max. Ft the 7 rad, 2 mikimum enrben content of 0.28 is pee, provided 4that he equi ania proper ro “Tol ef sok ane incu ih A 1993/0 193m, a in he section sues kote: the use of AIS4190or 413i owed spicSat | 10 a scuonweatas Clason 1, 1B, and sme 16 (BE ard BS) ord ate made em soksan Wea ail Clas 1A (GBA, BECA, BAMA, EPA BOTA, BELNA.EAML. BNA, and BEVNA] encsoma Clas 1C(E9RA and BUSA) prod are auton bead fhe tsbed conto Clee 2 products ot ‘soto wesua and ain hardened TABLE 2_Mechonics! Requirements — Inch Products Minna enle—YldStergh omen Redcion Hares, ual te Ierowre serge, “acog’ Sqager Sgicagn te ant: Toreentie, uma “Stine Fons Bae {16% chorion weaned 1 we ® @ 19% tonim wokre ws or axe saronim wn ind 1m asm # oon dthand ne a w © ettee arn onranio4 en eee Sen ows? Mo ws 2 aoe in em uence dander mo mw w © ete Ses 4 antunaee 1 mw =e © wane ern omar 1m ws © maile ae a Crerimneybdenirasi sander oes s © ete a onranies wo wes v6 we Sine corte mm ws 6 omee an ‘est Yea Storgh, Sheng, Sorgen Peon acpge ae, Dams Het sine crt ints RTS" Sec” Moca Seg Rae et Tas Se ‘esis 0, BaP BRIN als enon BOT % w 2 wearer unt dents cuss nasa cats cath ction vee 1s » = wanes Glas BGA 99, Sous, 6D, cabin ston neste etme 78 ~» ss eliesoina Esta oust coin ta ina. Sn Eiea aate Case 18 re 1: 8%, a_i exon eed ® = 0 © amie oeHRE SoG ol ares Gaset Cand WOON dames ati ston vexed 1 ss S 8 enswacainc Gaviceie waammen "Shean teansinne same 1 ® & 8 Bitecatne Seton Custos ar 10: 88, santrs cable ston ves s ” sweats Sees ieaasn Sete is eaedinne wiows 2 S 8 Ainecane Epa cnhon ass'2 BH 69080, anda.” ccm veaudand tana tte 28 sainBeessHnC Steet: tena ere ws 5S wineecssune oe tonite 8 8 5B 8 SyecSine Senta tite ‘° $ BS Bineasinne hss 2 80, SN, SEILCAN ca ston vexosans cman 0 “ 1s eanBerasinc Sean ‘ron at 10 0 ines anc Sure nthe 2 & BS dieseGh) a 193/A 193m TABLE 2 Continued = See, rete Ree ane Patent cae Se See RETR ocall cee eae Tame Ty = = 5 aes ee tee ita ratetnsinn ee ee ay Gena! cone 7 eottieta tte aie sears eeetatol 7 Sati ected eieenies oan nae ttn entenreustececn Haine jitdie-t fea sentwen oe 7 sobre Porte ttatetareee 7ZTR Meat he tense eauterens, ta Bell hrcnasesallbo ovr B00 (69 HA). £Class | ston tasted Gass ‘Ais solscn vealed in te fish condion or comosion estance; hoot reste ial uo to py propony regent (Gas8 2 sus vested ard sin hardness ls ne saturn onan may no shaw ufo operas tvogheat Be seca satay Ih tie oer Sinn ameter, ‘For szes in In ameter and emater, a maxinun hares of 24% 8 (100 HR) pei For meter 12 and over, conte (ae) reperies maybe lower tan dete ty tet tpt wich ae based on vals determined at eu TABLE 3. Mechanical Requirements —Metre Products Moone Jay Ylang, Euguon Pasion vas a ct irene sumgh, “meas” PE” Petgaet Mama os tet tree, ON Gentine e ws Faas Ba = 4:06 ctemion vp Di00 soto » e 12% gromten woo m0, ret a ary She ‘actenien eet © zene certian Mot endure = mm © setter Spin ove eto too ee © wane “rn er io 0 mieo =m oats © om amie Tarn one rortnchdenum ete unr @ © ashe ‘rho 0 and vse mm as ae one coer i000 @ mm os 8% Bete ow iomenmabidenmvansdiom Mand vcr a site Sein vr eto nico = wm ass vos wae ‘ins er 100 tom = mass oe ome men Teese vat Storgh Shem, Egan Rea aes ass an ve astnen® me wonod WR “aca” Hoare iiss Sige inseam Ta ase Gaies 1 and 0:88, BP BAUR cabs cn We = RE SL a Camo cone 880 oa cate ston wea a5 ce canes GHETA'RGA G8CA,SomA. 9878, cade souionbeawdin we tenes IB 2 ter TA, ULNA, BSMANA, GENA, ERIN BALCH i dametrsGp A 1939/8 193M TABLE 9 contined Tes a Seret,——SeL ElGENRa ng ast art, nm Heat Tearen? = mua “Rao “ince” Hee tr Senet an aa sibs Tose es ri 1a 1: BA, BN and ce ean en 0 2 mat oH Sane tarts uses 1a 0B 8 ares exe elon nated 0 ma vearzanae SLICE Stdnces "Ge Suaonteaesinewtites SB oS § Bifecitac aes Cana 10: 865, adamaes ce okzontesied os 8 averse ase 1-250 Since stench tines ES SS Eitecemte sae oc uu 0, B00 BE, OHT ans? cae cuten tate endeesn met Mmas HRC Perera Seen ve MD a rs INC srr a fe a @ 6 % SNeesine Grea Ea os oe & Suecs ie Gass BO) SH BRON? cade seca ene nssta 9 ss INBessHRC Sesame Sead to Moe 20 mm wipeosine rere a & 8 © Siesinc Ora tog & cS & Siteewine cts, ee cetie musontesedantsien he 8} Sipessine sate aaa er ee = sm mitwesssinc rere te fe 2 S$ SueSSine coarse ten stzonmantaninn @ & @ sinascne oon tet ater i = se @_eieessme 7 Fate lnsierequramens. he Binal Yardnaa salts oer 200 Hf AFB) Cite ‘alulon reed Cts iA soluon vested inte fished condone caroson reitance: wat treater cca! el pyc ropa eqiemen. (Gass 2 stun tested and stan ParSoned. Asses ste ato eva harconed conn iy rol show uo proserees tought secon pasar ‘S245 over 20 me in dometer ‘fees zo mm in cemcter and emer, 2 maxinun hardness of 241 HE (10 HA) is parted For Gamelers MSE end over, center (oe propertis maybe lower han need by fs rope wich ave based en vats detained as 1.1 Quenched and tempered or normalized and tempered fervitic material that is subsequently cold drawn for dimen- sional control shall be stress-relieved after cold drawing. The ‘minimum stress-relief temperature shall be 100°F [55°C] below the tempering temperature, Tests for mechanical prop: erties shall be performed after stress relieving, 6.2 Both B6 and B6X materials shall be held, at the tempering temperature for a minimum time of 1 h, [dentifica tion Symbol B 6X material may be furnished in the asrolled- ané-tempered condition, Cold working hardness limitation (26 HRC mz BOX grade. 63 All austenitic stainless steels shall receive a carbide solution treatment (see 6.3.1-6.3.4 for specific requirements for each class). Classes 1, 1B, 1C (Grades BER and B8S only), 2, 2B, and 2C can apply to bar, wire, and finished fasteners. Class 1A (all grades) and Class IC (grades B8RA and BSSA only) ccan apply to finished fasteners. Class ID applies only to bar and wire and finished fasteners that are machined directly from Class 1D bar or wire without any subsequent hot or cold ‘working. 63.1 Classes 1 and 1B, and Class IC Grades BER and ‘B8S—After rolling of the bar, forging, ot heading, whether done hot or cold, the material shall be heated from ambient temperature and held a sufficient time ata temperature at which the chromium carbide will go into solution and then shall be cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide, 63.2 Class 1D—Rolled or forged Grades B8, BEM, BSP, BSLN, BEMLN, B8N, BSMN, BSR, and B8S bar shall be cooled rapidly immediately following hot working while the temperature is above 1750°F [955°C] so that grain boundary carbides are in solution. Class 1D shall be restricted to applications at temperatures less than 850°F [455°C]. 63.3 Class 1A and Class IC Grades BBRA and BSSA— Finished fasteners shall be carbide solution treated after all rolling, forging, heading, and threading operations are com- plete. This designation does not apply to starting material such 8s bar. Fasteners shall be heated from ambient temperature and held a sufficient time at a temperature at which the ehromiuin carbide will go into solution and then shall be cooled at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide, 63.4 Classes 2, 2B, and 2C—Material shall be carbide solution treated by heating from ambient temperature and holding a sufficient time at a temperature at which the chromium carbide will go into solution and then cooling at a9h A 193/a 193M Fate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide Following this treatment the matecial shall then be: strain hardened to achieve the requited properties, Nor: 4—Heat tsatmest following operations performed ona limited Paitin ofthe product, such a heading, may suk in non-uniform grain size and mechanial properties through the section aleced 64 If scale-fiee bright finish is required, this shall be specified in the purchase order. 6.5 B7 and B7M bolting material shall be heat treated by quenching in a liquid medium and tempering. For B7M bolting, the final heat treatment, which may be the tempering operation if conducted at 1150°F [620°C] minimum, shall be done after all machining and forming operations, including thread rolling, are complet. 6.5.1 Unless otherwise specified, material for Grade B7 may be heat treated by the Fumace, the Induction or the Electrical Resistance method, [Nore 5it should be taken into consideration that stess-clanaton [ropertcs may vary from beat lotto heat lato these propeties may vary {fom one heat treating method to another. The purcheser may specify Supplementary Requzement $8, I sres-reaxaion testing is deste 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 Each alloy shall conform to the chemical composition ‘requirements prescribed in Table 1. Steels with added lead shall not be used. 7.2 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element for the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms to the requirements of another grade for which that element is 2 specified element. Furthermore, elements present in concentra- tions greater than 0.75 weigh!% shall be reported. Chemical analysis shalt be performed in accordance with Test Methods ATI 8, Heat Analysis 8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the ‘manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elements specified in Section 7. This analysis shall be made from a test specimen taken during the pouring of the heat, The chemical ‘composition thus determined shall be reported to the purehaser oF the purchaser's representative, and shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 7. For strand east material, the requirements of 8.2 and 8.3 of Specification A 788 shall be ‘met, Should the purchaser deem it necessary to have the transition zone of two heats sequentially cast discarded, the purchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement $3 of Specification A 788, 9. Product Analysis 9.1 An analysis may be made by the purchaser from samples representing the bolting material, The chemical com- postion thus determined shall conform to the requirements of Section 7. 10. Mechanical Properties, 10.1 Tensile Properties 10.1.1 Reguirements— The material as represented by the tension specimens shall conform to the requirements. pre- scribed in Table 2 at room temperature after heat treatment. 10.1.2 Method of Test— Tension test shall be made in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370, includ- ing the parts of Annex A3, Steel Fasteners, applicable to ‘mechined test specimens. The speed of testing shall not exceed the limits specified in 7.4.1 of Test Methods and Definitions A370. The yield strength corresponding to a limiting perma- nent offset of 0.2 % of the gage length of the specimen shall be determined. 10.13 Full Size Fasteners, Wedge Tensile Testing —When applicable, see 13.1.4, headed fasteners shall be wedge tested fall size in accordance with Annex A3 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370 and shall conform to the tensile strength shown in Table 2. The minimum full size breaking strength (lof) for individual sizes shall be as follows: T= UTSX As ” ‘where: wedge tensile strength, tensile strength specified in Table 2, and stress area, square inches, as shown in ANSI B1.1 or caleulated as follows: As = 0.785 (D~(0.974))* ® nominal tea size, and the number of threads per inch 10.2 Hardness Requirements: 102.1 The hardness shall conform 10 the requirements preserited in Table 2. Hardness testing shall be performed in accordance with ether Test Methods and Definitions A 370 or With Test Methods F 606. In the event a controversy exists relative to minimum strength, tension tests shall prevail over hardness readings. 10.2.2 Grade B7M—The maximum hardness of the grade stall be 235 HB or 99 HRB (conversion in accordance with “Table 2B of Test Methods and Definitions A 370). The mini- rum hardness shall not be less than 200 HB or 93 HRB. Conformance to this hardness shall be ensured by testing the hardness of each stud or bolt by Brnellor Rockwell B methods in accordance with 10.21. The use of 100% electromagnetic testing for hardness as an altemative 10 100% indentation hardness testing is permissible when qualified by sampling using indentation hardness testing. Each fot tested for hardness clectromagnetically shall be 100 % examined in accordance with Practice E 566. Following electromagnetic testing for hardness a random sample of a minimum of 100 pieces of each hat of stee in each lot (as defined in 13.1.2) shal be tested by indentation hardness methods. All samples must meet hardness Fequirements to permit acceptance ofthe lot. If any one sample is ouside ofthe specified maximum or minimum hardness, the lot shall be rejected and either reprocessed and resampled or tested 100% by indentation hardness methods. Product thet has been 100 % tested and found acceptable shall have line under the grade symbol 102.2.1 Surface preparation for indentation hardness test- ing shall be in accordance with Test Methods E 18, Hardness tests shall be performed on the end of the bolt or stud. Whenib A 193/a 193M this is impractical, the hardness test shall be performed ‘elsewhere, 1, Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 11.1 Bolts, serews, studs, nd stud bolts shall be pointed and shall have a workmanlike finish. Points shall be flat and ‘chamfered or rounded at option of the manufacturer. Length of Point on studs and stud bolts shall be net less than one nor more than two complete threads as measured from the extreme end parallel to the axis. Length of studs and stud bolts shall be ‘measured from first thread to first thread. 11.2 Standard permissible variations for dimensions of bars shall be as preseribed in Specification A 29/4 29M and Speci fication A 484/A 484M, latest revisions. 113 Bolt heads shall bein accordance with the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.1 or ANSI B 1823.1M. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the Heavy Hex Screws Series should be used, except the maximum body diameter and radius of fillet may be the same as for the Heavy Hex Bolt Series. The body diameter and head fillet radius for sizes of Heavy Hex Cap Screws and Bolts that are not shown in their respective fables in ANSI B 18.2.1 or ANSI B 18.23.1M may be that shown in the corresponding Hex Cap Screw and Bolt Tables respectively. Socket head fasteners shal be in accordance with ANSI B 183 or ANSI B18.3.1M. 12, Retests 12.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any test lot do hot conform to the requirements specified, the manufacturer tay retreat such lot not more than twice, in which case two ‘additional tension tests shall be made from such lot, all of which shall conform to the requirements specified. 13, Test Specimens 13.1 Tension test specimens taken from finished bolts, serews, studs, or stad bolts shall be machined to the form and. dimensions and shall be taken from positions shown in 3.2.1.7 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Tension Test specimens from bar stock are covered by Annex A1.3 of Test ‘Methods and Definitions A 370, Annex Al. 13.1.1 Number of Tests— For heat-treated bars, one tension {est shall be made for each diameter of each heat represented in cach tempering charge. When heat treated without interruption. {in continuous furnaces, the material in a lot shall be the same heat, same prior condition, same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment. Not fewer than two tension tests are required for each lot containing 20 000 Ib [9000 kg} or tess. Every additional 10.000 Ib [4500 kg} or fraction thereof requites one additional test. 13.1.2 For studs, bolts, screws, and so forth, one tension test shall be made for each diameter of each heat involved in the lot. Each lot shall consist of the following: Siamate ir} ‘yotso and uncer ver 20] 6 1%, ret (er 1342] 264 net Greate), ot se 1500 1 £789 ig} 1 Faon tarot +5001 [2000 er tac waraet 60001 [270 ett ere 100 places or acten tere 13.13 Tension tests are not required to be made on bolts, setews, studs, or stad bots that are fabricated from heat-treated bars furnished in accordance with the requirements of this specification and tested in accordance with 13.1.1, provided they are nat given a subsequent heat treatment 13.14 Full Size Specimens, Headed Fasteners—Headed fasteners 1¥in. in body diameter and smaller, with body Jengti thre times the diameter or longer, and that are produced bby upsetting or forging (hot or cold) shal be subjected to full size testing in accordance with 10.1.3. This testing shall be in addition to tensile testing as specified in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2. The lot size shall be as show in 13.1.2. Failure shall occur inthe body or threaded section with no failure, or indications of failure, such as eracks, a the junction ofthe head and shank. 14. Nuts 14.1 Bolts, studs, and stud bolts shall be furnished with ‘nuts, when specified in the purchase order. Nuts shall conform to Specification A 194/A 194M, 15. Threads 15.1 When inch series product is ordered, all bolts, studs, stud bolts, and accompanying nuts, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, shall be threaded in accordance with ANSI B 1.1, Class 2A fit, sizes 1 in, and smaller in.diameter with the coarse-thread series, and 1A in. and larger in diameter with the 8-pitch-thread series. When metric product is ordered, threads shall be metric coarse thread seties as specified in ANSI B 1.13M, and shall have Grade 6G tolerances. 15.2 Where practical, all threads shall be formed after heat treatment, Class 1A, Grades BBA, BECA, BEMA, BSPA, BSTA, BSLNA, BSMLNA, BANA, BEMNA, and BSMLCUNA, and Class 1C Grades BSRA and BRSA ate to be solution treated in the finished condition. 16. Inspection 16.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have entry, a all time while work on the contract af the purchaser is, being performed, to all parts of the place of manufacture that ‘concer the manufacture of the material ordered, The manu- facrurer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests (except product analysis) and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order and shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the ‘operation of the works. 17, Rejection and Rehearing 17.1 Unless otherwise specified in the basis of purchase, any rejection based on tests made in accordance with Section 9 shall be reported to the manufacturer within 30 days from the receipt of samples by the purchaser. 17.2 Material that shows defects subsequent to its accep- tance at the place of manufacture shall be rejected, and the ranufscturer shall be notified. 17.3 Samples tested in accordance with Section 9 that represent rejected material shall be preserved for two weeks from the date of the test report. In the case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the manufacturer may make claim, for a rehearing within that time,Q) A 1937/0 193M 18, Certification 18.1 The producer of the raw material or finished fastencis shall furnish a certification to the purchaser or his representa tive showing the results of the chemical analysis, macrocich ‘examination (Carbon and Alloy Steels Only), and mechanical tests, and state the method of heat treatment employed, 18.2 Certification shall also include at least the following: 18.2.1 A statement that the material or the fasteners, or both, ‘were manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accor. dance with the specification and any supplementary require ‘ments of other requirements designated in the purchase order or contract and was found to meet those requirements, 18.2.2 The specification number, year date, and identifica tion symbol 19, Product Marking 19.1 Grade/class and manufacturer's identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs % in, [10 mm) in diameter and larger and to the heads of bolts in. (6 mum] in diameter and larger. (Ifthe available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer's identifica- tion symbol marked on the other end.) The identification symbol shall be as shown in Table 4 and Table 5. Grade B7M, whieh has been 100% evaluated in conformance with the specification, shall have a line under the grade symbol 10 listinguish it from B7M produced to previous specification revisions not requiring 100 % hardness testing, 192 For bolting materials, including threaded bars, that are fumished bundled and tagged or boxed, the tags and boxes ‘hall carry the grade symbol for the material identification and ‘the manufacturer's identification mark or name. 193 For purposes of identification marking, the manufac turer is considered the organization thot certifies the fastener was manufactured, sampled, tested, and inspected in accor- ance with the specification and the results have been deter- ‘mined to meet the requirements of this specification. 19.4 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 19.1, 192, and 19.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary igentifcation method, Bar coding should be consistent with TABLE 4 Marking of Ferite Steels Gade Watane ee as Bs 5 ry Box ex er e ene om ane Bie Bre “Fr explanations, seo W022 and 191 TABLES Marking of Austenitic Steele” tae Gade co Gass 8 3 Bec Be Batt Beat eee ro Ber eer Bat bar Bown BG case 18 22a, 204 Baca Bae oma Bs0 ‘Pa bah 20T8 Ba Bana ba MLA ak aun ov BOUNA ew BMLCNA ek case 18 oy en axe aay BeMucuN eu ass 16 eae 4 ‘ona. Bea bas 890 asa. ber case 19 2 ess Ba Boe eer 296, eu bo? bout 598 oe Bee, exe 100 bea Dior Bes Bree cass a 0 ee eer ‘8M oar ass 20 a6 a case on “Oisaes 1, YA. 18, 10,2 28, an 20 nay be mates win eller gage oF mating fated Clas 10 may ny masa wih nace et. AIAG Standard B-S 02.00. If used on small items, the bar code ‘may be applied to the box or a substantially applied tag, 20, Keywords 20.1 hardness; heat treatmentQh A 19970 193m SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS ‘These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order and in the Ordering Information, in which event the specified tests shall be made before shipment ofthe product SL. High-Temperature Tests SII Tests to determine high temperature properties shall be made in accordance with Practices E 21, E 139, E 292, E 150, and E151. S82. Charpy Impact Tests S21 Charpy impact tests based on the requirements of Specification A 320/A 320M, Sections 6 and 7, shall be made a5 agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. When testing temperatures are as low as those specified in Specif- cation A 320/A 320M, bolting should be ordered to that speci- fication in preference to this spevification. $3. 100 % Hardness Testing of Grade B7M 3.1 Bach Grade B7M bolt or stud shall be tested for hardness by indentation method and shall meet the require- ‘ments specified in Teble 2. 84, Hardness Testing of Grade B16 S4.1 For bolts or studs 2% in, [65 mm] or smaller, the hardness for Grade B16 shall be measured on of near the end ‘of cach bolt or stud using one of the methods prescribed in 102.1 forthe Brinell or Rockwell C test, The hardness shall be in the range 253-319 HB or 25-34 HRC, 8, Product Marking 5.1 Grade and manufacturer's identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts ofall sizes, (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer's identifica ‘ion symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts smaller than Yin. (6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than % in (10 mm] in diameter and for Yin. [6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall bbe a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer $6. Stress Relieving $6.1 A streserelieving operation shall follow straightening after eat treatment. $62 The minimum stess-lieving temperature shall be 100°F [55°C] below the tempering temperature. Tests for echnical properties shall be performed aftr stress relieving, ST. Magnetic Particle Inspection $7.1 Bars shall be magnetic particle examined in accor- dance with Guide E 709. Bars with indications of eracks or seams ate subject to rejection if the indications extend more than 3 % of the diameter into the bar. 8. Siress-Relaxation Testing $8.1 Stress-Relaxation Testing, when requited, shall be done in accordance with Methods E 328. The test shall be performed at 850°F (454°C) for a period of 100 h. The initial stress shall be 50 M psi (345 MPa). The residual stress at 100 h shall be 17 Mt psi (117 MPa) minima, 9. Grain Size Requirements for Non H Grade Austenitic Steels Used Above 1000°F 59.1 For design metal temperatures above 1000°F [540°C], the material shall have a grain size of No. 7 or coarser as determined in accordance with Test Methods E 112. The grain, size so determined shall be reported on the Certificate of Test. APPENDIXES (Nonmandatory Information) XI. STRAIN HARDENING OF AUSTENITIC STEELS X11 Strain hardening is the increase in strength and hardness that results. from plastic deformation below the seerystallization temperature (cold work). This effect is pro= duced in austenitic stainless steels by reducing oversized bars ‘or wire to the desired final size by cold drawing or other process. The degree of strain hardening achievable in any alloy is limited by its strain hardening characteristic. In addition, the amount of strain hardening that can be produced is further limited by the variables ofthe process, such as the total amount of cross: reduction, die angle, and bar size. In large diameter bars, for example, plastic deformation will occur principally in the outer regions of the bar so thatthe increased strength and hardness due to strain hardening is achieved predominantly near the surface of the bar. That is, the smaller the bar, the greater the penetration of strain hardening, X12 Thus, the mechanical properties of given strain hardened fastener are dependent not just onthe alloy, but also on the sizeof bar from which itis machined, The minimum bar size that can be used, however, i established by the configu ration ofthe fastener so that the configuration ean affect the strength of the fastener X13. For example, a stud of a particular alloy and size may ‘be machined from a smaller diameter bar than a bolt of the same alloy and size because a larger diameter bar is required to accommodate the head of the bolt. The stud, therefore, is likely to be stronger than the same size bolt in a given alloy.Gh) A 1939/4 193m 22. COMPARISON OF GRADE DESIGNATION MARKING USED FOR AUSTENITIC STEEL IN VARIOUS EDITIONS OF A 19314 193M. X21. See Table X2.1 for Marking Cross References: TABLE X21 Marking Symbot Cross Reference oe Grate ‘ating Syl Utea Por Vathing Synbol Used n ATEN Wang Symbol Usea WA TOU Designation TOA TGUA 1oM= 8 rota Ato -2 SrovghA 13ANSOM~91a Sn Late Vorsens 7 Be ee 4 Bic Bec 1 Bon ext : bap bee 1 est Ber 1 eww BaF ee BELN ' Batty Bec or eam ® Bea Baa * aca {8 or 254 tm Bona Be oe BaM 4 apa Bed o Bora Beh ease a BoTa Bes BATA Bale BOTA * BeUNA Bas. BOLNA* aL or BELNA & Eun Ba? & Banna aco BEMLNA * BEN ‘ase BeNA" Bev sane BINA ‘eo BONN ev or Gouna a Bex er BOUL CA 8 an een en 8 aun Bed BauN* BaY er Bau S Br0s" er BaMLouNA . 8 oy? or Ba oun © en eee ‘9h0r SER © Bema oto oerat 0B or BRA ic Bes 0s see Bes © esa 1802 or Basa [SF o: BES o eee a 2 eae eo » = Es 2 bare oar pf we 4 2 Bo0e 59 © Broa Broo 2 oie Biot » ieee ioe z 8 a a 2 bec ic bec 3 or a as 2 Ber iq fer 2 on eu ea 2 Ban ave 5 ow 2 ext uN oy Son" ror Bantu z satow Serban Epo itoa 2 ene owe awe 3G cr tanta a 8 B x Bows outa aut 55H 0 Bm3 O21 mare wih grad sya asea whan A YOGA TBA Bla was PIGS aes cesigation cone when A 188 TSM was tached Gasser Gra adced wen & SSH 90M = YA was polished(Gh) A 193/a 193M {Tre Aorisan Society fr Testing and Matera aks ro pasion respecting Ho vali olay patent gts aseriedincomnecton i ay tem mortonedtin Os stan, User ol Wis tance ave epressy aaved ft delvminatio othe an fa su ‘alone, and te FS frgement of sich aR, are onal ta oun resonsby, This standard etjcttovvson at ey tine bythe responsi technica cmmies snd stb evowod every iv year nd rt rensac eter reaopoved or isawn Your canmens are evident el ator as ad shout bo acessedw ASTM Headauares. Your conmerts i ace Cae coniceraon aa eg FB eeporsbe Tne tnd iconic by ASTM, 100 Bat Hato Dive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1428-269, United Sates. Insel reins (shale o mata copies) of is standard may bo ebaied by contac ASTM a he abst aces ott S¥o-8.585 prone), 6108225555 fax). or sence @astmorg (email: ou tne ASTH webste nie asia) B