Differentiation 6

Application of
Differentiation –
Maximum and Minimum
Point

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 Differentiation

Maximum and Minimum Point

dy
Turning point ⇒ =0
dx

At maximum point, At minimum point ,

2
dy d y dy d2y
=0 <0 =0 >0
dx dx 2 dx dx 2

Example 1 (Maximum value of quadratic function)

Given that y=3x(4-x), calculate
(a) The value of x when y is a maximum,
(b) the maximum value of y.
[Clone SPM 2003 P1]

[Ans : (a) x=2, (b) y=12 ]

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 Differentiation

Example 2 (Determine the turning points and second Example 3

derivative test) 4
Find the coordinates of the turning points on the =
Given that y 125x + , find the stationary value
x2
curve y=2x3+3x2-12x+7 and determine the nature of of y and determine whether it is a maximum or
these turning points. minimum.

[Ans : (1,0) minimum point ; (-2,27) maximum point] [Ans : y=75 , minimum]

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 Differentiation

Example 4 (Gradient function and turning point) Example 5 (Gradient function and turning point)
2x − 2 The gradient function of a curve is mx2 – nx, where m
A curve with gradient function has a turning and n are constants. The curve has a turning point at
x2
point at (h,8) (5, -2). The gradient of the curve at the point x = 1 is -
(a) Find the value of h, 20. Find the value of m and n.
(b) Determine whether the turning point is a [Clone 2009 P2]
maximum or a minimum point.
[Clone SPM 2007 P2]

[Ans : (a) h=1 , (b) minimum] [Ans : m=5, n=25]

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 Differentiation

Example 6 (Application of differentiation in real life Example 7 (Application of differentiation in real life
problem) problem)

The diagram shows a rectangle PORS which is

inscribed in a circle. Given PS = x cm and PQ = 10cm. The diagram shows a solid consisting of a cone placed
Show that the area of the shaded region, Acm2, is on top of a cylinder with radius x cm. Given that the
length of the slant height of the cone is 2x cm and the
π x2
given by − 10x + 25π . volume of the cylinder is 216π cm3.
4 Prove that the total surface area of the solid, A cm2, is
Calculate the value of x such that the area of the
x 2 + 144
shaded region is a minimum. given by the equation A = 3π( )
x
Calculate the minimum surface area of the solid.

[Ans : (b) x= 20/𝜋 ]

[Ans : 489.4 cm2]

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