Manual BN2 en

Britten-Norman
BN-2 Islander
Manual
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Virtavia Pty Ltd BN-2 Islander Manual
Manual revision 1.01 for FSX version 1.00
BN-2 Islander Manual
Contents
Notes on sim limitations & noteworthy features ......................................................................................... 4
1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 6
1.3 Credits & thanks to... .............................................................................................................................. 7
1.4 Support information ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.5 Copyright information............................................................................................................................. 8
1.6 PIRACY!.................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.0 Package Information .............................................................................................................................. 9
2.1 RealGauge Technology & the 2D panel .................................................................................................. 9
2.2 3D Virtual Cockpit night lighting ........................................................................................................... 10
2.3 Paint and model variants ...................................................................................................................... 11
2.4 Extras..................................................................................................................................................... 14
2.5 FS Security Warning Pop-up.................................................................................................................. 15
2.6 FSX camera views .................................................................................................................................. 16
3.0 Aircraft Information & Specifications .................................................................................................. 18
3.1 Aircraft general arrangement ............................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Aircraft information and specifications ................................................................................................ 21
4.0 Cockpit General Arrangement ............................................................................................................. 22
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 22
4.2.1 Main (forward) panel ......................................................................................................................... 23
4.2.2 Lower console .................................................................................................................................... 24
4.2.3 Pedestal.............................................................................................................................................. 25
4.2.4 Overhead Console .............................................................................................................................. 26
4.3 Individual Gauge Diagrams .................................................................................................................. 27
5.0 Aircraft Systems and Operation........................................................................................................... 35
5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 35
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5.2 Century 21 Autopilot ............................................................................................................................ 36
5.2.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 36
5.3 Audio Control Panel ............................................................................................................................. 36
5.3.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 37
5.4 KLN-90 GPS ........................................................................................................................................... 38
5.4.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 38
5.5 KN54 DME ............................................................................................................................................. 39
5.5.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 39
5.6 KR87A ADF ............................................................................................................................................ 41
5.6.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 41
5.7 KT67A Transponder .............................................................................................................................. 44
5.7.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 44
5.8 KX155 COM/NAV .................................................................................................................................. 45
5.8.1 Initialisation........................................................................................................................................ 45
6.0 Checklists .............................................................................................................................................. 46
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Notes on sim limitations & noteworthy features
Whilst the BN2 has been built with the upmost level of accuracy, and made to take full advantage of
every current technology available to the sim, we at Virtavia have still had to contend with the hard
coded limitations of the sim engine.
Noteworthy features:
 The BN2 makes full use of our 3D RealGauge technology.
 The exterior and interior models feature over 400 custom animations- the pilots react to G in
rolls, every switch works as it should in the cockpit, and every gauge is fluid.
 The cockpit is modelled in ultra-realistic detail and features full night lighting textures & effects.
 Included are 13 beautifully detailed paint schemes each with customised features and flight
crew.
 The FSX version includes high-detail specular and bump maps for EVERY part of the VC and
exterior.
 1 interior and 3 exterior pre-set camera views (FSX only)
 FSX DX10 compatible model complete with interior self-shadowing, realistic spec and shine, and
custom bump mapping to bring every rivet and surface to life.
Limitations in FSX:
 Lights can appear to differ in position when viewed from different viewpoints, such as the tower
view. This is a documented FSX issue, and not an issue with the model.
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1.0 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
The Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander is a 1960's British light utility aircraft, mainline airliner and cargo
aircraft designed and originally manufactured by Britten-Norman of the United Kingdom. The Islander is
one of the best-selling commercial aircraft types produced in Europe. Although designed in the 1960s,
over 750 are still in service with commercial operators around the world. The aircraft is also used by the
Army and Police forces in the United Kingdom and is a popular light transport with over 30 military
aviation operators around the world.
The FSX version is a full-featured FSX release, including all of our now standard technologies such as
cockpit self-shadowing, HDR bloom effects, and bump mapping.
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1.2 Installation
An easy installation is provided by way of installer. Simply double click the installer EXE file, and follow
the on screen prompts. The BN2 will be installed to the default FSX directory.
Extras will be installed into the root FS directory/Flight One Software. A start menu entry will also be
made, containing links to the paint kit, help and support, and an uninstaller should you ever wish to
remove the product.
Please see the ‘Package’ section for more details on what is included in this package.
1.3 Credits & thanks to...

The visual model and cockpit were created by Virtavia.
The flight model was crafted by Shane Olguin.
Sounds licensed by Virtavia from TSS.
This BN-2 simulation is extensively based a real world example with assistance from Great Barrier X-
Press Airlines, Auckland, NZ. We extend our thanks to the team at GBA for allowing access to their
aircraft. Kotare is our flagship scheme as a way of saying thanks!
Our thanks extend to the dedicated beta testers that scanned various versions with their trained eyes!
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1.4 Support information
Product support is available 24/7.
For support, please visit the Flight1 Support section at http://www.flight1.com/view.asp?page=service .
Support is ONLY available to legitimate customers.
1.5 Copyright information

These files are a commercial product and should NOT be treated as freeware.
These files may not be copied (other than for backup purposes), transmitted or passed to third parties
or altered in any way without the prior permission of the publisher. Any breach of the aforementioned
copyright will result in the full force of law being brought to bear on those responsible.
The source code for this product is closed. No modifications or reverse engineering may be carried out
without prior consent from Flight1.
All rights reserved – copyright Virtavia Pty Ltd 2010
HTTP://WWW.FLIGHT1.COM
1.6 PIRACY!
This Virtavia release is a commercial product and should be treated the same as any other product you
would buy from a store.
REAL time, REAL money, and REAL efforts were tirelessly invested in the creation of this product.
The act of piracy and the criminals masterminding illegal websites behind such acts are eroding our
hobby and our industry.
Please support the development team and our precious hobby by ensuring that you own a legitimate,
purchased copy of the product.
PIRACY IS A CRIME.
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2.0 Package Information
2.1 RealGauge Technology & the 2D panel

“RealGauge” is our own version of the very impressive 3D gauge technology. Each gauge is crafted in 3D
and uses high resolution textures in order to create a level of immersion not possible with conventional
2D gauges. “RealGauge” creates very little overhead in the sim, allowing both your processor and
graphics card to concentrate on proving a totally fluid sim experience. FPS with RealGauge technology is
often higher than with less detailed conventional 2d cockpits.
Due to the complexity of the RealGauge technology, and the guaranteed frame rate increase, this
product is designed to be completely flown from the Virtual Cockpit. No 2D panel is included, though a
pop-up containing the KLN-90 GPS is provided.
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2.2 3D Virtual Cockpit night lighting
The virtual cockpit of the BN2 comes equipped with realistic and high-definition night lighting
effects and textures. Both gauge lighting and cockpit floodlighting can be toggled individually.
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2.3 Paint and model variants
In total 13 paint schemes included in the BN-2 package. The models and paints are documented below.
2.3.1 Model variants:
BN-2 Islander with early nose profile and related lighting accessories.
BN-2 Islander with late nose profile and related lighting accessories.
2.3.2 Paint variants
 Great Barrier X-Press (Kotare)

 Great Barrier X-Press
 Milford Sound Flightseeing
 Winair
 OLT
 British Airways Express
 British Airways Express (Tartan)
 Shetland Islands Council
 Nature Air
 Barrier Aviation
 Air Hamburg
 LFH
 FLN
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2.4 Extras
The BN-2 comes with a number of extras, all of which are installed by default to:
%your sim directory%\Flight One Software\
Extras include:
- An easy to use paint kit in PSD (Photoshop) format.
- A real-world manual is available from the Bendix King Website
at www.bendixking.com in the support menu at the top. From the Support drop-
down menu, select "Technical Publications", then in the "Search Technical
Publications" section, from the first text box menu, choose "Unit Name". Type KLN
90A into the second box. Most of the publications listed are available to registered
Bendix King users, but the Pilots Guide and Abbreviated guide have a "View" Button
instead. Those are the two publications you should read, so download and save
them to your computer.
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2.5 FS Security Warning Pop-up
When FSX is first run with the BN-2 installed, a window will appear. Please click 'Run' to allow
the KLN-90 GPS and the Virtavia Sound Controller to be added to the FSX trusted gauges list.
Clicking 'Yes' at the next pop up window will allow the sound controller to run automatically
every time the simulator is loaded.
Following the above steps will mean that the process will only have to be performed once and
not every time the simulator is launched.
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2.6 FSX camera views
Camera views are unique to the FSX version of this product. They allow the virtual pilot to move the
viewpoint into a number of unique and helpful viewpoints. To change the camera mode use the ‘S’ key.
To change cameras, use the ‘A’ key. Alternatively, clicking the main Flight Simulator window will bring up
a quick and easy to use menu system.
2.6.1 Exterior Cameras

Camera 1 – ‘Tail plane’ Camera 2 – ‘Left side’
Camera 3 – ‘Right side’
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2.6.2 Interior Cameras
‘Virtual Cockpit’ ‘Autopilot and Switches Panel’
‘Cabin left rear looking fwd’ ‘Cabin right looking fwd’
‘Radios’
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3.0 Aircraft Information & Specifications
The following section of the manual contains information on how to operate the BN-2.
Checklists and References are available at the very end of the manual.
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3.1 Aircraft general arrangement
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3.2 Aircraft information and specifications
The Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander is a 1960s British light utility aircraft, mainline airliner and
cargo aircraft designed and originally manufactured by Britten-Norman of the United Kingdom.
The Islander is one of the best-selling commercial aircraft types produced in Europe.
Although designed in the 1960s, over 750 are still in service with commercial operators around
the world.
The aircraft is also used by the Army and Police forces in the United Kingdom and is a light
transport with over 30 military aviation operators around the world.
Specifications
Cruise speed: 154 mph
Stall speed: 40 mph
Max speed: 170 mph
Service ceiling: 13,200 ft.
Typical empty weight: 3,675 lbs.
MTOW: 6,000 lbs.
Crew: Typically one
Capacity: Up to nine
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4.0 Cockpit General Arrangement
4.1 Introduction
Over the next few pages are several diagrams designed to aid in cockpit familiarisation. Whilst
the exterior aeroplane may differ in configuration, the cockpit is uniform throughout.
All systems that are labelled may be operated by clicking them with your mouse. Please read
the descriptions carefully in order to fully understand what each switch, button, or lever, does.
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4.2 Virtual cockpit
4.2.1 Main (forward) panel
Key
1. Whiskey Compass 17. Engine Gas Temperature 34. Hobbs Indicator

2. Sun Visor (click to toggle) 18. Yoke Toggle 35. KN54 DME
3. Outside Air Temperature 19. Clock 36. KT76A Transponder
4. Sun Visor (click to toggle) 20. Gyro Suction Indicator 37. Stall Warning Lamp
5. Compass Deviation Card 21. RMI Marker Panel 38. ASI (backup)
6. Back-up Compass Deviation 22. Generator Voltage Lamps 39. Altimeter (backup)
7. Air Speed Indicator 23. HSI 40. Century 31 AP
8. Artificial Horizon 24. Tachometer 41. Lower Console
9. Vertical Speed Indicator 25. Radio Magnetic Indicator 1 42. Throttle Levers
10. Horizon Wing Calibrator 26. Manifold Pressure 43. Pitch Levers
11. Horizon Caging Button 27. Radio Magnetic Indicator 2 44. Mixture Levers
12. Altimeter 28. Carb Mixture Temperature 45. Throttle Tie Toggle
b. Calibration Knob 29. KLN-90 GPS 46. Pitch Tie Toggle
13. Gyro Compass 30. KR87 ADF Unit 1 47. Mixture Tie Toggle
14. Autopilot Heading Control 31. KR87 ADF Unit 2 48. Flap Lever
15. Turn and Slip Indicator 32. KX155 COM/ NAV Unit 49. Elevator Trim Wheel
16. Engine Panel 33. KMA24 Audio Panel
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4.2.2 Lower console
Key
1. NAV/ GPS Selector

2. Pitot & Structural heaters
3. Strobe Lights
4. Landing Lights
5. Nav Lights
6. Cabin Lights
7. Rotating Beacon Light
8. Panel Lights
9. Avionics Master
10. Port Generator
11. Master Battery
12. Starboard Generator
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4.2.3 Pedestal
Key
1. Lower Panel
2. Port Throttle
3. Starboard Throttle
4. Port Propeller RPM
5. Starboard Propeller RPM
6. Port Mixture
7. Starboard Mixture
8. Parking Brake
9. Carb Heat Control
10. Flap Lever
11. Elevator Trim Wheel
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4.2.4 Overhead Console
Key
1. Whiskey Compass 8. Flap Position Indicator

2. Sun Visors (click to toggle) 9. Port Fuel Tank Indicator
3. OAT 10. Starboard Fuel Cock
4. Port Magnetos 11. Starboard Fuel Tank Indicator
5. Starters 12. Starboard Fuel Pump Switch
6. Starboard Magnetos 13. Ammeter
7. Port Fuel Cock 14. Voltmeter
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4.3 Individual Gauge Diagrams
Altimeter (Main)
 Displays altitude, in feet.
 Kollsman display, inHg, is
on the right of the gauge.
 To set the Kollsman, use
the knob on the bottom
left of the gauge. Either
click and drag, or use left
click to increment and
right click to decrement.
Altimeter (Back-up)
 Displays altitude, in feet.
 Kollsman display, inHg, is
on the right of the gauge.
 To set the Kollsman, use
the knob on the bottom
left of the gauge. Either
click and drag, or use left
click to increment and
right click to decrement.
Air Speed Indicator (Main)

 Displays current air speed
in knots x 10.
 VNE 175 knots.
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ASI (Back-up)
 Displays current air speed
in knots x 10.
 VNE 175 knots.
Carburettor Temperature
 Displays carb temp, in
degrees centigrade.
Clock
 Displays local time.
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Engine Gas Temperature
 EGT in Fahrenheit x100
Engine Gauge Stack

 Gauges are labelled as to
their relative functions.
 Gauges are arranged port
to starboard, respectively.
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Flap Position Indicator
 Displays flap deployment.
Fuel Contents (x2)

 Displays fuel tank
contents in US Gallons.
Hobbs
 Displays total engine
running time, in hours and
tenths.
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 Artificial Horizon
Gyro Compass
 Autopilot heading can be
set using the lower right
knob.
Manifold Pressure
 One gauge, two needles.
 Displays manifold
pressure in inches of
mercury.
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Outside Air Temperature
 OAT in degrees
centigrade.
RMI (x2)
 Used in conjunction with
ADF.
Stall Warning
 Lamp is lit when stall
warning is activated.
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Gyro Suction Indicator
 Displays suction in PSI.
Tachometer
 Displays engine speeds in
RPM x 1000.
Turn and Slip Indicator
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HSI
 Lower left knob sets
course.
 NAV flag displays when no
valid NAV signal is
received.
 GS displays when no valid
Glideslope signal is
received.
 Inner markings depict
Glideslope and deviation.
Vertical Speed Indicator

 Displays vertical speed.
Whiskey Compass
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5.0 Aircraft Systems and Operation
5.1 Introduction
This section of the manual details individual systems and their operation.
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5.2 Century 21 Autopilot
5.2.1 Initialisation
The Century 21 AP unit is a simple-to-operate device. When a mode is activated, its respective
icon will display.
Key
1. Power 2. Heading Hold 3. NAV Hold 4. Approach Hold
5. Back-course 6. LNAV Hold 7. Altitude Hold 8. Altitude Select

Hold
If a waypoint or flight plan is programmed into the KLN-90 GPS, clicking LNAV will allow the
autopilot to follow the GPS plan.
To use a flight plan created outside of the KLN, use the NAV hold function and NAV/GPS
selector switch.
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5.3 Audio Control Panel
Buttons on the audio control panel allow for specific audio and navigation functions to be
muted. Labels denote the respective system to be controlled.
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5.4 KLN-90 GPS
The KLN-90 GPS has been expertly created by Integrated SimAvionics. The unit is designed to
emulate the functions of the real-world unit. Reading of the abbreviated KLN-90 operations
manual is suggested.
To operate any of the toggle buttons, left click them.
Knobs can be operated using left-clicks to navigate forward through pages, or right clicks to
navigate backwards. Clicking the tip of the right knob will activate the PULL SCAN feature.
The function structures are displayed either side of the respective control knobs.
When loading a flight plan, the first flight plan available is always the default FS flight planner
track. Flight plans and tracks can be saved using the SAVE function and will also display in the
list.
To view the manufacturers’ manual for the KLN, please visit the Bendix King website:
https://www.bendixking.com/servlet/com.honeywell.aes.utility.PDFDownLoadServlet?FileName=/TechP
ubs/repository/006-08732-0000_0.pdf
Neither the KLN-90 simulation nor this manual should be used for any training purpose, real
world or otherwise.
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5.5 KN54 DME
The unit has four main modes of operation, all of which are detailed below. Knobs can be
operated by both clicking and dragging to the left or right, or by using the mouse wheel.
Mode 1, Power off

The DME unit can be powered on or off using the slider switch. The switch above can be dragged to
select the mode of operation.
Mode 2, RMT
When set to RMT [Remote], the DME unit uses the NAV1 active frequency to display Nautical miles,
current speed, and minutes to source.
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Mode 3, FREQ
When set to FREQ, the DME can be set to track a NAV2 frequency, set using the knob on the right.
Mode 4, GS/T
When set to GS/T, the DME unit uses the NAV2 active frequency to display Nautical miles, current
speed, and minutes to source.
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5.6 KR87A ADF
In order for the ADF system to function correctly, the system must first be set to ON by means
of the control knob on the lower right of the device. There are two ADF units in the cockpit.
Selected frequency is displayed on the left of the screen, and can be set using the knob on the
right of the device. Stand-by frequency control and swap are not simulated.
The ADF button toggles between ADF and Antenna reception modes.
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The BFO button toggles the Beat Frequency Oscillator function.
Each ADF is equipped with an independent timing system. Clicking FTL/ET will toggle between
Frequency Display and Timing modes. When in FRQ mode, click FLT/ET to go into flight time
(FLT) mode. Total flight time is displayed, in HH:MM format.
Clicking FLT/ET again will display the Elapsed Time mode (ET), in MM:SS format.
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Clicking SET/RS with the left mouse button will commence timing. Clicking again will pause (or
continue timing), and right clicking will reset.
Clicking FRQ will return to Frequency Display mode.
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5.7 KT67A Transponder
The transponder is a relatively simple device to operate. Required ID can be set using the knobs
on the right of the device.
All five modes of the Transponder are functional. To progress through the modes, left click the
control knob. To back track, right click instead.
OFF turns the power off.
SBY turns the unit on, but keeps it in Standby mode.
ON allows the unit to function in a normal capacity. The large light to the right of the knob will
flash when the unit is transmitting.
ALT will set the unit to Altitude report mode. The light will flash roughly once every ten seconds
when transmitting altitude data to ATC.
TST puts the unit into test mode, and will illuminate all lamps if working correctly.
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5.8 KX155 COM/NAV
In order for the COM radio system to function correctly, the system must first be set to ON by
means of the control knob on the left of the device. Click PULL IDENT to control audio.
NAV or COM frequency can be swapped by clicking the relevant swap button. Frequencies are
adjusted using the knobs and by both clicking and dragging, or by using the mouse wheel.
Standby frequencies are affected and must be swapped before becoming active.
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6.0 Checklists
The following checklists have been taken from a real-world BN-2 Islander manual, and as thus
are copyright of their respective owners.
Do NOT use for real world operation.
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Britten-Norman

 The BN2 makes full use of our 3D RealGauge technology.

 1 interior and 3 exterior pre-set camera views (FSX only)

1.3 Credits & thanks to...

The flight model was crafted by Shane Olguin.

Sounds licensed by Virtavia from TSS.

For support, please visit the Flight1 Support section at http://www.flight1.com/view.asp?page=service .

Support is ONLY available to legitimate customers.

1.5 Copyright information

All rights reserved – copyright Virtavia Pty Ltd 2010

2.1 RealGauge Technology & the 2D panel

2.3.1 Model variants:

2.3.2 Paint variants

 Great Barrier X-Press (Kotare)

%your sim directory%\Flight One Software\

2.6.1 Exterior Cameras

Camera 3 – ‘Right side’

‘Cabin left rear looking fwd’ ‘Cabin right looking fwd’

Cruise speed: 154 mph

Stall speed: 40 mph

Max speed: 170 mph

Service ceiling: 13,200 ft.

Typical empty weight: 3,675 lbs.

MTOW: 6,000 lbs.

Crew: Typically one

4.2.1 Main (forward) panel

1. Whiskey Compass 17. Engine Gas Temperature 34. Hobbs Indicator

1. NAV/ GPS Selector

1. Whiskey Compass 8. Flap Position Indicator

Air Speed Indicator (Main)

Engine Gauge Stack

Fuel Contents (x2)

Turn and Slip Indicator

Vertical Speed Indicator

1. Power 2. Heading Hold 3. NAV Hold 4. Approach Hold

5. Back-course 6. LNAV Hold 7. Altitude Hold 8. Altitude Select

To operate any of the toggle buttons, left click them.

Mode 1, Power off

Clicking FRQ will return to Frequency Display mode.

OFF turns the power off.

SBY turns the unit on, but keeps it in Standby mode.

Do NOT use for real world operation.

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