Gontents

Unit-l
Ghapter 1: lntroduction to SQL 23
Components of SQL 25
Data Defi nition Language 25
Data Manipulation language 26
QueryLanguage 26
Data Control Language 27
Starting SQLPLUS 27
Dara Definition Language 28
Data manipulation language 32
Inserting data in table 32
Inserdng NuIl Values 32
Rerrieving Data 34
Rdtrieving all data from i single table 34
Retrieving data of selected columns 35
How to write a query t6
Ghapter 2: Set Operations 39
The First Three40
.Union
40
Intersect 4r
Minus 4t
Other Set Operations 42
The in Clause 42
The Exists Clause 43
Retrievin! Data from Multiple Tables 4>
, {artesian Product 45
SelfJoin (Alias of Tables) 50
Ghapter 3: SQL Operators 53
SQL vdue Operators 54
SQL Logical Operators 55
SQL Query Expression Operators 6a
SQL Funcdons 6r
Number Funcdons 6r