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A Introduction D Stresses in soil
i Types of stresses i Soil phases Geostatic stress ii Properties of rocks Induced stress iii Origin of soil Vertical stress Organic/inorganic (1) Organic soil Horizontal stress (2) Properties of organic soil E Settlements (3) Inorganic soil i Influence factors for vertical Deposition method displacement under flexible area iv Index properties of soil ii Consolidation Range of particle sizes and One dimensional consolidation distribution of sizes (1) Assumption for one- Atterberg’s limits dimension consolidation (1) Shrinkage limit (2) Oedometer test (2) Plastic limit (3) Compressibility (3) Liquid limit characteristics Plasticity index Compressibility Consistency coefficient of volume Vane shear test Compression index Relation between unconfined compression test and shear Consolidation settlement strength (1) Skempton Bjerrum method Thixotropy F Shear strength Presence & type of clay i Effects of compression Activity Volume change Swell potential Plastic flow Liquidity index Shear failure ii Types of shear strength B Composition & Physical Internal friction properties Cohesion i Volume of voids iii Coulumbs’s equation: failure ii Moisture content theory iii Void ratio iv Shear tests iv Degree of saturation Shear box (direct shear) test v Porosity Unconfined compression test C Soil compaction Vane shear test i Method to find out soil density Internal compression test Sand cone method v Mohs’s circle ii Specification of field compaction iii Factors affecting compaction
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G Clay minerals i Shapes Silicon-oxygen tetrahedron Aluminium-magnesium octahedron ii Three layer minerals illite Montmorillonite Vermicite Table: Clay mineral-specific surface-cation exchange H Soil classification systems i Classification conditions (3) ii Triangular classification soil iii Classification table iv Field identification Particle size Amount of fines Consistency Dry strength Penetration resistance Structure of soil I Water in soil i Ground water investigation