Unit Three

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

__C__ 1. What happened soon after United States Navy Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Tokyo Bay
in 1853?

a. The United States annexed Hawaii.

b. Japan and the United States fought for control of trade.
c. Perry negotiated a U.S.-Japan treaty that allowed trade.
____ 2. When was Hawaii annexed by the United States?

a. in 1887, when King Kalakaua changed the constitution

b. in 1893, before Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown
c. in 1898, during the Spanish-American War
____ 3. Why did the United States Navy attack ships in the Philippines during the Spanish-American
War?

a. The ships were part of the Spanish navy.

b. The Philippines supported Spain and attacked the U.S. fleet.
c. A special naval board found that the Philippines had caused the Maine to explode.
____ 4. Who were the “Rough Riders”?

a. Cuban revolutionaries who battled the Spanish for control of their country
b. a volunteer unit led by Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War
c. newspaper owners who influenced public opinion by exaggerating the truth
____ 5. When did the Philippines gain independence?

a. as part of the Treaty of Paris

b. with the Jones Act

c. at the end of World War II

____ 6. The United States wanted to end European spheres of influence in China in order to

a. control large areas of China

b. keep trade in China open
c. stop Japan from trading in China
____ 7. What piece of U.S. legislation restricted the rights of Cubans after their independence from
Spain?

a. the Teller Amendment

b. the Foraker Act
c. the Platt Amendment
____ 8. President Roosevelt sent troops to support Panamanian rebels because the United States
 a. could not convince Columbia to sell the land needed for the canal.
b. wanted to open trade relations in Panama.
c. wanted to build a canal in Panama at a lower price.
____ 9. These U.S. military interventions occurred under U.S. Presidents who favored

a. “dollar diplomacy.”
b. “big stick diplomacy.”
c. several different kinds of diplomacy.

Directions: Use the chart to answer the question(s).

____ 10. This chart shows that U.S. Presidents in the early 1900s

a. remained neutral in Latin America.

b. frequently resorted to the use of U.S. troops in Latin America.
c. wanted to extend imperialism to Latin America.
____ 11. This chart shows that Presidents Roosevelt and Wilson

a. better managed U.S. interests overseas than did President Taft.

b. believed in a policy of non-interference in Latin America.
c. feared that Latin America countries would invade the United States.
d. resorted frequently to the use of U.S. troops in Latin America.
____ 12. What happened within a year of United States Navy Commodore Matthew Perry’s arrival in
Tokyo Bay in 1853?

a. The United States annexed the island of Hawaii.

b. Japan and the United States fought for control of trade.
c. Perry negotiated a treaty that opened trade to the United States.
d. Japan became a U.S. territory in Asia.
____ 13. Hawaii was annexed in
 a. 1887, when King Kalakaua amended the constitution.
b. 1893, when Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown.
c. 1893, when Sanford Dole was head of the new government.
d. 1898, during the Spanish-American War.
____ 14. Why did United States Navy Commodore George Dewey lead an attack on ships in the Manila
Bay during the Spanish-American War?

a. Manila Bay was ruled by Spain, and the ships belonged to the Spanish.
b. The United States used the war with Spain as an excuse to take over other territories.
c. Dewey wanted to attack Spain and gain control over Cuba.
d. The Philippines joined the war in support of Spain.
____ 15. The “Rough Riders” were

a. Cuban revolutionaries who battled the Spanish for independence.

b. a volunteer cavalry unit in the Spanish-American War.
c. newspaper owners who influenced public opinion by exaggerating the truth.
d. Spanish generals in Cuba who mistreated the civilian population.
____ 16. When did the United States grant independence to the Philippines?

a. 1898, as part of the Treaty of Paris

b. 1916, with the Jones Act
c. 1941, when the Spanish occupied the islands during World War II
d. 1946, when the islands were liberated from Japanese occupation during World War II
____ 17. Unlike Britain, France, and Russia, The United States

a. controlled large areas of China.

b. wanted to keep trade in China open.
c. had no interest in trade with China.
d. broke China into distinct spheres of influence.
____ 18. The Platt Amendment

a. expanded the rights of Cubans.

b. allowed Cuba to sign treaties with other countries without U.S. approval.
c. gave the United States the right to preserve order as needed in Cuba.
d. established a civil government in Cuba.
____ 19. President Roosevelt sent troops to support Panamanian rebels in the fight against Colombia so
that

a. the Colombians would grant the United States the right to build a canal.
b. Panamanians could be free from Colombian imperialism.
c. the United States could get the rights to build a canal in Panama at a lower price.
d. the Panamanians could build a canal from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
____ 20. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the United States had become

a. politically unstable.
b. accustomed to military involvement overseas.
 c. unwilling to resolve issues through diplomacy.
d. less interested in Latin American affairs.

Matching

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use
all the terms.

a. William Randolph Hearst h. the Platt Amendment

b. José Martí i. “moral diplomacy”
c. insurrection j. Social Darwinism
d. imperialism k. Foraker Act
e. “big stick” diplomacy l. Russo-Japanese War
f. William Howard Taft m. spheres of influences
g. Emilio Aguinaldo n. jingoism
____ 21. the way of dividing China for trade purposes
____ 22. Governor of the Philippines in 1901
____ 23. a Filipino nationalist who fought Spain and the United States
____ 24. a foreign policy that relies on military strength to achieve goals
____ 25. the belief that life is a competitive struggle in which only the fittest survive
____ 26. a foreign policy based on human rights, equality, honor, and understanding
____ 27. restricted rights of newly freed Cubans
____ 28. aggressive form of nationalism
____ 29. the policy in which strong nations control weaker countries or territories
____ 30. owner of the New York Journal who supported the Spanish-American War

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use
all the terms and people.

a. William Randolph Hearst h. Emilio Aguinaldo

b. José Martí i. “moral diplomacy”
c. insurrection j. Social Darwinism
d. imperialism k. Foraker Act
e. “big stick” diplomacy l. Russo-Japanese War
f. William Howard Taft m. spheres of influence
g. the Platt Amendment n. jingoism
____ 31. privileged access by Britain, France, Germany, and Russia to Chinese ports and markets
____ 32. governor of the Philippines who later became President of the United States
____ 33. a Filipino nationalist who rebelled separately against Spain and the United States
____ 34. President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy
____ 35. the belief that life is a competitive struggle in which only the fittest survive
____ 36. President Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy
____ 37. effectively brought Cuba within the U.S. sphere
____ 38. aggressive form of nationalism popularized by U.S. press
____ 39. a policy in which strong nations control weaker countries or territories
____ 40. owner of the New York Journal

Short Answer

43. Synthesize Information What were some of the reasons that the United States fought the Spanish-
American War?

46. Summarize Toward the end of the nineteenth century, some American politicians and
diplomats believed that the United States should become an imperialist power. Write an essay
explaining at least three of the points in favor of increased U.S. involvement overseas.