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Age Smoking
Gender Lack of exercise
Family History Stress
Diet high in fat
Hypertension
Elevated Serum cholesterol
levels
Alcohol consumption
Diabetes Mellitus

Non-specific injury to arterial wall (Endothelial Injury)

Desquamation of endothelial lining

Increased Permeability or Adhesion of Molecules

Lipids (LDL) and Platelets Assimilate in the Area

Oxydized LDL attracts monocytes and macrophages to the site

Plaques begin to form from cells which imbibed into the endothelium

Lipids are engulfted by the cells (foam cells) and Smooth Muscle Cells Develop

Disruption of Plaque
Continuous aggregation of platelets

Thrombus Formation


 

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Rapid increase in size of the thrombus in Coronary Artery Wall

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Reduction of blood flow

Decreased Blood Supply to the Myocardium

Decreased Myocardial Oxygen Supply

Myocardial Ischemia

Anaerobic metabolism Myocardial Cell Necrosis

More Lactic Acid Production Inflammatory response

      Increase WBC
Chest Pain  Acidosis 

Myocardial cells Released of endogenous pyrogens

are sensitive to
changes in pH and
become less Pyrogens will stimulate the release of
functional prostaglandins

Conduction System Disorder Prostaglandins will reset the

Hypothalamic thermostat to high temperature

Decreased myocardial contractility

Fever/Hyperthermia

 

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Decreased Cardiac Output Decreased systemic circulation

Hypotension Redirection of blood away from the skin

to
c the major
organs

Sympathetic receptors
are stimulated
Inadequate Decreased perfusion of Pallor
cerebral oxygenated blood to
Increase in heart perfusion other
organs
rate/c pumping action
as a compensatory
 mechanism   Loss of Consciousness Dyspnea, Fatigue
/Dizziness and Body Weakness

Tachycardia 
Deterioration of heart¶s ability to pump

Moderate left ventricular failure

Decreased arterial pressure

Right side of the heart continuously

Stimulation of Baroreceptors propel blood to the lungs

Left ventricle is unable to fully eject

Peripheral Vasoconstriction the returning blood to systemic circulation

Pulmonary Congestion
Hypertension


Dyspnea
Adventitious breath sounds
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