PLANTAE

Five Characteristics that unite the Kingdom

1. Apical meristems

PLANTAE
Five Characteristics that unite the Kingdom
1. Apical meristems
2. Alternation of generations

• Life cycle consists of two

generations:
Sporophyte (diploid)
• using meiosis, creates
spores for reproduction

Gametophyte (haploid)
• using mitosis, creates egg
and sperm that unite to
form sporophyte
generation

1
 PLANTAE
Five Characteristics that unite the Kingdom
1. Apical meristems
2. Alternation of generations
3. Walled spores, produced in sporangia

PLANTAE
Five Characteristics that unite the Kingdom
1. Apical meristems
2. Alternation of generations
3. Walled spores, produced in sporangia
4. Multicellular gametangia

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 PLANTAE
Five Characteristics that unite the Kingdom
1. Apical meristems
2. Alternation of generations
3. Walled spores, produced in sporangia
4. Multicellular gametangia

5. Multicellular, dependent embryos

(dependent upon female parent plant)

WHAT EVIDENCE IS THERE FOR AN ALGAL

ANCESTRY OF THE LAND PLANTS?
1. Rosette complexes make
cellulose
(and cell walls have more cellulose
than non-charophycean algae)
2. Peroxisome enzymes to reduce
photorespiration
3. Phragmoplast formation
4. Sperm ultrastructure
5. Nuclear and chloroplast DNA
sequences

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WHAT EVIDENCE IS THERE FOR AN ALGAL
ANCESTRY OF THE LAND PLANTS?

BRYOPHYTA

SHARED DERIVED
CHARACTERISTICS
(“SYNAPOMORPHIES”)

1. Rosette complexes
2. Peroxisome enzymes
3. Phragmoplast formation
4. Sperm ultrastructure
5. DNA sequences

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 BRYOPHYTA

S
NT
A
PL
R
LA
U
C
AS
NV
NO

BRYOPHYTA
DIVISION BRYOPHYTA

HEPATOPHYTA

A
HYT
P
TO
RO
CE
O
TH
AN

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BRYOPHYTA
Upright and more traditionally ‘plant-like’
Nonvascular, but have conducting tissue:
cell types that conduct water.
Hydroids: dead cells (like xylem)
Leptoids: living, like phloem
Functions are similar to xylem and phloem!

BRYOPHYTA

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 HEPATOPHYTA
LIVERWORTS

ANTHOCEROTOPHYTA
HORNWORTS

http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~biol240/gallery/anthocerosbig.jpg

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PLANTAE