BIBLIOTEKA PROCESNA TEHNlKA

UREDNISTVO

Dr MARTIN BOGNER, dipl, inz.

Mr STEVAN SAMSALOVIC, dipl. ini. BORDE DELIKLADIC, dipl. inz,

Pokretanje edicije pod nazivorn biblioteka .Procesna tehnika" ima za cilj okupljanje dela struene literature iz veoma siroke oblasti u kojoj se u nasoj zernlji poslednjih godina postizu znacaini rezultati. Izdavanje strucnih dela iz ove oblasti stvorice izvor literature koja treba da slufi sirokom spektru citalaca ! strucnjaka, kao sto su ucenici i studenti, te rnladim i starijirn struenjacima kao pornoc, odnosno kao prirucnik iii podsetnik,

Ovaj prirucnik, prvi u seriji, prvenstveno je namenjen studentima zbog obilja potrebih podataka za resavanje zadataka iz oblasti termodinamike i prostiranja toplote sa nizorn tabela, dijagrarna, nornograma, te potrebnih formula, Takode, mogu da ga koriste i struenjaci iz siroke oblasti procesne tehnike, zbog togasto se na jednom mestu mogu naci potrebni podaci i formule koje imaju primenuu svakodnevnoj inzenierskoj i tehnicarskoi praksi.

UDK 536.2(075.8)-861

1

Mr BORDE KOZIe, dipl, inz,

Mr BOGOSA V V ASILJEVIc. dipl. inz.

Mr VLADIMIR BEKAVAc. dipl. inz,

/

PRIRUCNIK ZA TERMODINAMIKU I PROSTIRANJE TOPLOTE

IRO "GRABEVINSKA KNJIGA" BEOGRAD 1983.

RECENZENTI

Prof. dr Dobrosav MilinCic, dipl, inZ. Prof. dr Dimitrije Voronjec, dipl, -inZ.

Za IRO "GRADEVINSKA KNJIGA" Milan Visnjic, glavni urednik

Olga Vasiljevic, urednik

Snezana Necic, tehnicki urednik i naslovna strana Tiraz: 3000

Stampa: Stamparija .Bakar", Bor

PRE D G G V 0 R

Za p~aktiJne i teo~ijakB p~o~aau~e i3 pod~ucJa termoainamike~ p~o8ti~anja toplote i

~8~motahniK~ uop~te~ neophodan je prirud~ik Ba pOdaaima 0 fiaidkim 08obina~a mat~riJa~a~' «a oak c e r-i e t i-kama p r-c ee s c i dru.rJim adqopara,ju.oim infaromacij(tma. U nasoj otXluCno.;j ~it~ratu)1i n edo e t a i e t'akav pl"il'uC'ni;t.: i ac njim Hi> o e eda anattla pott'iiiba. To poka:au.ju i dl.l-a pl't;J-·t;hodna 1.a.davui a , 11 ab~i·ku sKl'ipata .. "PJ'lil'ucnika Zet termodinamiku - u ;j(,di»ioama et» 14 iadr:lt~.ju Mailin-

£1/(0[1 iahdt(Ir:a UniI.l~l'zit.n-a l"uJ'lik.

Pril"ucl1ik jff namen i ew pre aVE'lga e t u den t i.ma , da im o~ak~a pripf'emanj6 g'T'adiva i~ ~~Ci"mo d i-nam i k e i p ro e t i ra n i a 'top~ot{}.~ a mole da poal.",;H i anima koji ee ;L.c ppuksi. bav.fi! pl'oblem1'ma t op l.o t.ne ti e hn-i k:e , In tog 1'(Jz1.ogQ i~bor -i; pr-ika~ l1Iutel"ijaZa. dati BU t ako da p.ri;l'u3nik pruia dOVLJ~J'7!O podr1taka~ kak.o QP~tf!g l1na.ifaja~ taka i o a p o dao-cma kOJ'i aetaLJ'no ob.rusl..aiII-l apc~ijar~e prob~emB,

U p r-i ruii n i k u L1e pr-imen:j.;:ln Medjunarodni e i e t em jlJdil1ioa (Siatemc Tn t e r-n a t i.o n a i: ~ SI), , 'iEldJ"14. t-{rn) i~ praktii:n.ih PQ<,: Lo q a: a i cia bi oLakBa~i P:r'Ii:1~{.J;:: na ra d sa' ~i(Jdi~1:rJ-amCI. BI _. por.l.uii+n~i BrnO e e p r i or emeno do svo t i enom ;jedin.ioQm pl"itiska. - b.:t~ (I b e r .. 1 0-0 kPa)~ a pr-i pOJ3:i'Vanjk

rJa ve f e r en cn i- pr-itiDakJ k.ada j e podatak b-i.o dat z a [e dnu fiaii!ku. atmosfer-!./. o dn , 76.0 I1lmHg (pP1:

[) ()C)~ k.or-i e t i l i: olna jedinicu 1 atm.

Sk"pede.lito rak o d.i e paiJnju k a r-i n n-i c-i.ma pl"iY'uih:l'i.kq da oEl'mo. zbo(f pogodmHI-d t.ab(; la'f'nog p'l'lkazitJanJa. e~'H(.l korietili izt"azg tipa x . On .. y. Ppi upo-tI'ebi~ eve v}"l'!dl1-oati tY'o;:ba ilJPaz;it-i

l.,: obZiku. )( "" v : 1 Q-n (l1a p1"imlOl"~ .,,1.03 "" {l,857 ",3/kl:ll t.;j. tJ .. O. 000857 fil3/~g.},

Za mnoge kor-i ene BU(jfUJtije :aahtiu~lti 8mCl ncotavniciml1 !FaX.a-tltdps .aQ tll",.mr')mellr::P1ik~ Ma.~in~kQg. fabt'[,teta i4 Feo q r a du , prof. dr h:a , JOVQtlU S~~U) prof+ di' Do'b:J'108a'IJU MiZ-{,ni!itfu i pl'of. dr Dirnitl'i,ju vo r o n ij e c u ,

Na.pom1:-r!J'em(' da Sma BVB87l:i 5in.jtPlio(! da de I-< knJigama oLlalr:vli: un a e e l:l1'iginal~oElt aI-nora f o rm a i.n.e p r-i r o de i da 86 ogl.eda. ii e d i no u pitanjima i8bor"~' raep o de l:a i na-nina prikco3iva·· nja rrlo.terije. Dobi""onam€'.t'ne 'Pl'"imedhe i uk ae-i.varui a na evt"'ll'ltl.aII1L! gI'~iH.e u mnogD17./1'? de. pomod-i prl daLjmn radu na ovom pri.t'-ucn.iku.

U Beog~adu~ marta 1983,

Dj. KQ2i6

8. VatJi7.je.vi6 V-, B€kaOac

SAD R 1 ~ J

.pR~GL[O OZNAKA •••••••.•.•• , ••.•.•••••..•••• ,', ....•••.••.•••.•..........•• " .•....

1. -M(DJUNAROONI SISTEM JEOINICA (51) .•...••.....••• , ••••..••....••.•....••.•.•...•

1.1, u s novn e j e din l c e .. , .......•••.............

'1.2-. Dopunskfl j e di nl c e .••••... '" ••.••...•••........••.• I.:L Ne ke t z ve d e ne j e d l nic e .....•..•.•..•..••.......... ,.

1.4. ?redmetci z n no v e c a n ] e i eme n j e n j e j e dl nic a .

Z. TABELE ZA PRERACUNAVANJE JEDINICA RAlLI~ITIH SISTEMA M£RA ...

:2.."1, .Le d t n l c a dlJZinc ••....••....••.•••....•••.......•••••••••.•.•.• ++. , •••••• 2.2. J~dlnice po v r s t n e .. , •. , .................•........•.......•.......... " ...

J .. ~.

.Je rtl nl c e z e p r em l n e .•.. , .••.•...•••.• , ....••• , •••....•••••..•••..........• ,.

z+ .... d e dl n i e a m~o;:;e •• , ...•••.•..•••••••.••••••...•....• <'T+T •••••

2. S. .r e dt nl c e gustine. .,., •......•....•.•.• , .

2..6. Jfldinice s Ll e ......•. ++ •••••••••••••••• , ••••

2,7. Je dl n t c e p rt t l s k a ....•.• ,>.> •••••••••••••••• ,.", •••••••••• 2.8. .Je dl nl e e energ~je .••.•..... +, .. , ••••••••••••

2.9+ Jedlnic:c 'H'IiJg~ " ••••••••••• ,., •• , ••••••••••••••••

2.~O,Jedlnil:::e tcmper,,"-t\lre .•.•••••. _ "" <

2.1LJedinicc t e r m i c ke pro v o dn o s t I

1.11.Jedinice ko e f i c i j e n t a pl'"eF<lo;1:.:1 i p r o l a z e t o p f o r e

2.13.Jedinic.e ko e s t en t e z r e c e n j a +>.T ••••••••••••••• , .

Z.lJI,Jedinice termitkog OUR!i';; po jedinii::i pc v r S l n e , .•.•.............

l.l5-.Jedlnice d1n;:.mHk.e vl s ko z oo s e t

i.16.Jedinice kinematHk-e v l s k o z n o s t f ••••••••••••••••••••

2.1/'.Tabela z a pn'lrac1:Jn:;;l,'anj.e c e l o b r-o j nl h v r e dn o s t ! t emp e r a t u r e :

-at u or i o b r nu t o •• '+<, •••••• __ ••••••• > •••••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••

J. GASovl .... , •.... _ ..•. _ ••• ++<+ •••• _ ••••••••• , •••••••••••••••••••••••• , •••••••

3.1. Fizlcke o so bl ne ga!l.ova {I) ++ ••• _ ••••••••••

J. z , 3.3.

Fizicke e s o b l n e gaso .... a (II) __ ••• ,." •••••••••••••••••• " ••••••• _._ ••

Mala:rnc s p e ct f t e ne t cp t o t e } o uoo s mo La r r .. lh specifitnih topl-CJta

" '" (M~r)/(Mcv) i d eel n l h gasov a Lp r eme klneti~~cj t e c r f ] i ga50 v <l)

FizHke o s o b l ne n e k i h i(lt::.;;dfdh gas.ova , "

Kolarna i ao b a r s ke s p ec l fl e na t op l o t a z e n e k e pct ul d e a l ne gB50V~ ..

Sr@dnJa reot e r ne s o ec t F t z n a t cp l o t a nekih pol~idea~-nih q a s o v a .

3. q. 3.5. 3.6. ).7. ).8.

s r e dn ] e masena s p e c ! fiena t op l o e e n e kl h po I u i d e a j nl f q a s c v a .

PfirailitaJ mo t e t-we en t r cp t ] e pr~ I z o b a r s k c ] p r ome n r s t e n j e nekih ccl ut o e et n t h

qe so ve ._ ..•....•.. , +, •. •••••• _ ,_., •••••..•.••••••.•..•• '."" ,+" .....••••.•

t-r r r a s e e j mcl e r ne en t r cp z j e pd t z o no r s ko j p r cme n i s c a n ] e ne kl h

p o Lu Ld e a Lnl h ga:$.ovill •.. " ••• " .••.•••....... , •. , ..........•. _ ••.•..... ", .

).9.

3.IO.Zavisn05t1 me s e ne "5peclfl~ne t opt c t e , d.*ni'lml~k.e vl s k o z no s t l ;

tel""mic.k-e p r ovoen c s t t n e k i h q a s ove od t emp e r e r u r e prj p In 1 a t m .... , .. , .•....... 2:~

J,ll.Flzicke os-ol-lin.e iiuvog vi'lzd+;na p r t p ~ e t m •. «<, •••••••••• , JO

3.12. F i z I eke o s o b I n e s u vc-q v.jJ:l.duMo!I Z~ r a an e t empe r e e u r e l pr'~ l ~ s k e .

3.13.".T e" dij a q r-a m z e s u v t va z d uf ••••••••••• _._ •• +++ , ••••••••••••••

'3

"

'3 1 L

14

'S

is

16

16

'7

J 7

17

17

If!

19

"

23 2) l4 21 2U

D, L t • Te~a !iii mal im [un u t r e s n ] l:m) o t po r Lme .p r o od j en r a t opl o t n ." .

8.3.2. Pol u b e e kon ae no t el c ....•.....••.............. , .... ,', ...•....•.......... , .. 8.3.3. Beskona';an riil/an zid ....• , •...•••......• + •••..••••••• + •.....••••••.••..••• 8.3.'-1. Btlskonacan cllind .. r ., ••••• , •••.•.•••.•••• , •....•• + •••••••••••••••••••••••••

S. 3. 5. Kug I •....••••••••.•.......•...••..••.....••...........•....•.••..•....•...

8.J.6. n s t al a t e l e _jednostavniJih obt l k .. " .

8.3.7. Dljag,"Bm~ za proracun n e s t e ci o n a s-no q p r'c vcd j ee j e t cc t o t e ..•.•..•.. " .

8.3.7.1. Tela sa malim Lu n u e r a g n j l m ) c t po rt rae p r-o v o d j e n j a t o p l o t e .. + •••••• 8.3.7,2. Beskotloi!l(.an raViin z l d .•.••••..•.••....• , •..•..•.••..• + •••••• , ••••• 8.]·/.3. fleskonal;a-I"I c Ll Lnde r •••.. " ••...••.•••.•....... +> •••••••••••••••••

8.3.7 .•. KoSi •.•••..•••..•• .: •...••.••.•.••..•.•••..•.••••••...•..•..•••...

8.-4. P:reglcd tz r e z e z a l~rac\Jl1a.,.,ClnJe kc e f t cl j en e a p r e l e z e t cpl o r e .

a.4.1. P'r Lnudn e kc n v e k cl j a (I) ..... : ..• , ..•.....•...............•.. > •••••••••

5.4.2. PrlnudnB konve k c Lj a {II) •. , •......••.. ,., .....••...... , ..••.. +< ..•..• ,

a.1t.3. Vredn-osti et p r ] tLlrbu~ej1tnorn s t r ui e n j u , .

El,Lj ur-e d nn s t t I:Z p r I l e mt na r no m e t r u j e n j u + ••••••••••••• , ••••••• , •••

B.4.5. v r e dao s t l ko e fl c l j e n r a Ko . , ••..•. , ••.•. + •.•.•. + •..•...••...• ,+ ••••...•..•

8 • .t...6. vr e dno s t I I:.t Icc e e r-uj evenj e c evl ) ••• , •••••••••••••••••••• + ••••••••••••••••

8.4.7. v r e dno e t r c:- Lcp s r r uj eve n] e s n op a. c e vl ] ,+ +

8.4.8. ve e dee s e t t:s (l)p"5truJallillnje s n o p e c e vl ) ++ ~.+ ••••.

6.t. . .9~ v r e dno s t l knn s t an t t Co i" 11- p r t op s t r-u j a v e n j u cili.ndra (c e v l ) .

8.lJ.IO.Pr-irQdna kon v ek cl j a (1) .••••..••.•••.•..•..... + •••••• + •••••••••••••••••• ,.<. & ,4 • 1 1 • P r I r c dne kon.,.,e kc i j a ( I I ) .••.••.•.• , .••• , ••••.•••.•.. , ••.•...•..•• , •••••• , , •. B.~.i2.KoefiC-ilent p r e l a z e t o p l c r e pri s t e c t on e r-n cm P_"OCC501,J f Ll m s k e

kon den z ac t j s {ne po k r e t n a pe r-a ) •.. , .••••••..•••••...• , ••••• ,+ ••••••••••••••

.s.4.13.K-oeflci]-ent p r e l e z a t opl o t e p t.t s r e cl c ne r nom p r o c e s u fi l m s k e

ko n d e n z e ct j a (para ko j a s t r u jt I , , .

8.4.l-4.K(lcfl!c.ijent p r el e z a t c pl o t e p r t r a z vl j encm mehura'Stom kl j uc a nj u te~nCl-$ti .. 8.~.15.Popra ... k a nil u t Lc a ] kOr"ld--l!n:;!ata·koJ~!lie sl t v e 5<1 qo r n j Lh r edo va n a i-tl z e d ..

8.it.16,Sr'ed.nja v r e dno s t poor_a·llke za e e n c e v n l s n o p ad n; r edov s +.

a.. •. 17.Popr.av:ka fHI u t t e e ] b r at n e pi'lre ...••..... + •••.. + •..•...•..•.. , ••.••.• + ••.... a.lj. l8. Oijagram ZOI o d r e.d ] l v a n ] e koef~ciJenta p r-el e z a re p t o t e p r t

me hu r a s t ne klJ-tlcanj u vode •.••.••.... , •..•..•..•...••.•.••••....•.....••...

a.4.19.NomQgram za oe r e c jl va n j e ae v n cl d s e o vop b e o j e .< + , + ..

8.4.2Q,Nomogram:la odredjlvanje Pri3ndtl"oyog broj ...

8.4. 2.i.Nomogram ;li;l odredj l v en j e Grashof"ovog b r-o j e , ..

Ra2mena t o p l c t e zracenlem

••••••••••••••••••••••••• , ••••• + ••••••••••••••••••• , ••••

8.5.1. Terr"ldck"1 fl uk s p r I

z r e e en j u s i v e p()vr~ine t et a "1'1 n a s l v u POVi!l~"U t~lii"2"

8+5.2. Kc e f r cl j an r .eml s t ] e zra-coenJa. u p r e v c u nc r-mal e z e n u k e me t el e •.....•...•... 8.5.3. KoeflciJent em t e t j e a r-ac e n j a u p r e vc u norma I·e n a .povdlnu Z~

nek e t-ehnicke me t e rl j el e •.••.••..•..•...••.•••• + ••••••••••••••••••••••••••

8.5.1-J . .!o;QafLdjent e mt s t j e zr.ac-enja u p r e v c u nc rme l e n a p c v r sr n u z .... n e k e p r emaa e .. a.5.5. GeometrlJski f e k t o r I i efekUvna pc v r Li na u:t:ajamn-og z r ec en j e z a

rs exe 5 I u-c a j eve •.••.•........••..•. , •.......•....•......• + ••••••••••••••••••

8.5.6. Catvr"ti s t epen t a p s ol u t ne t emne r a c u r e .•••. , •••••• + •••••• , •••••••••••• " •••

a.s .». Le rrnl c k l fluks zr'OIcanjiil c d Somesi'! qa s c v a C02 i 1110 n a s l v u pc v r Ll nu r el a ...

8.,.7.1. S. ,. 7.2. 8. S. 7. J.

K-oeficij-ent eml s t j e u q l j endl o k sl ua p r I uku p nom o r Lt 's-ku

;~~ ~;v~~ ~ ! a h~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ i ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ i . ~; . : : : : : ~ : : : : : : ~ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :

Ko e fl el j en t -eml s t ] e vo de ne p e r e u sl ovnc r e d uko ven na uk up n l

p rl rl s ek SMese PT 1 bOir i parr.:ijalni pritl~ak PHzO -+ 0 .

Pc;Jpr-ayk-a (; 2a rall i c ~ te Vredr105 t i PtI;:o + " ..

~opraVka /HIe zbog preklapc.nja sp£ktra zr.aC:enjiil u:gljendlo-ksida

~ vod"ne pare •.•••••.••....•••.••• , ••...••.....•••.••••.•...•••••

:EfektiYne deblJlne sloJa !H!le~e gasoVll koJi ;l!f'OIi::e ••••• ; ... + .......

S. 5.7.4. 8.5.7.5.

8,5.7.6.

14. 14. 142 143 1.4 145 146 146 1," 148 151

153 , 53 154 156 156 156 , 56 156 , 56 156 156 1,7

158

159 160 161 161 161

161 162 16J 164

165

165 166

168 169

17" 173 174

175 175

176 176

177 178

8.6-. fI. .. zmenj~vacl eepl e t e •••....•.. ,.,+ ••••••• , ••• " ••••••••• , ••••••••••••••••••••••• +

8.6.1. Nekl l z r a z I z a p r o r-ec un razmenjlvacil t.o pl o t e ..

8,6.2.8,6.),8.6.4.8.6.5.8.6.6.8.6.7, S.6.B. 8.6.9. 8.6.' o , 8.6.11.8.6.12 i

8.6.t3.Popravka E:k :t .. une k r s n t i komb l no v an l tok > , .

t!.6.~-4.DIJ~gratm z a c d r-e dj t van j e pomo-coe f un kcl j e 0) p r ! oa..-al"" om t o k u sl u r c e

8.6.15.0IJolIgram 2a o d r e d j I ..... nJe pomc cne r un k cl.] e if.' prj s up r o t nc s me r n om

to kv f 11,11 d.";l ••• , •••••••••• , •••• - ••• + ••••••••••• , + < ••••••••••• , •••••••••

8.7.

u r-e b r en e po v r s l ne

p r-o s r t r anl e r n pl o r e k r-e z ~t~p- i r e b r o .•..•.. , ..•••••..........•............ t z r a z l z e IJp:roscell p r c r ec ue r e z menl ene ttol t c l n e t o p l o t e z a pra~a poduina

r eb r e p roreent j i-v e deb"ljine ~ k r u f n a pc p r e c n n r e b r e ko n s r e n t n e I

po r oJ,,-,e n 1 J ~ Vf'J deb 1 J f n II • ~ • + + , •• , •• ~ • '. , • , , ••••••••••••••••••••••• , •••••••

a.7,2.l. Pe p e e vke EO: :zbog p r o me n l } l e de bl j l n e r e b r e ~: .

a.7.7..-2.. f'QPr.ayk.B 1:' z a t=.ruznOi ne o r ee e e r e b r e ko n s r an t ne dell~J l n e .....•...

~Qii"ftc~jli':nt e f l ke eno s t t r-e b r a ,~._ •• , •.....•.• " •••.•..•• ~+++ •.•••••• ' ••...•• 8.7+).J. I<efl:!;1jent e ft ka s nc s t ! pravog podu7.nog r e b r e .•.. +, •.•••••...•....

8.7.3t2. KQeft-c.Uent e f l k e s n c s t i kruzllog popr-ecnog r e b r a , c .. •

8.7.3,3, Kee fl c t j en t e r Lke s no s t l p r e v uq poduinog r e b r e t r a p e z no q

p no f pl e f " e d r a t noq popr-e~nQg r e b r e + , .

8.7.3.4. Ko-ef(ci.jent e tl k e s oc s r r bo dl j e s t oc r e b r , < ..

8.7.4. Qpt;:~'millne d('man:Zije p s-o f l Le p r e vo q pOduznog r e b r c .•.•..........•.....•••

S.7.$. Iz"a.l.i Zi'I c d r-e d j i v a n j e ko e rt c t j e e e e p r et ez e toplote.:;ia s nop e o r e h r-e nl h c e vi .

B.7,S.I. Prel<t~ r op l o t e sa kr-ufnil"1 pc p r ee n t h r e b a r a ..

e.7.-5.~. v r e dno e t t ko n s r e o t t C 111 ++ .

8+7.5.3. Po p r av k a .0;-: n a u t t c e ] r e d o ve u s nopu .

8.7,5.~. Il;edukovan~-h:.o-efklj:e.tll;i p r e l e z e t o ol o t e , + .

a. 7.1.

8.7.2.

8.7. J.

9. S,I,COR£VAHJE

9,1. 'l'op l o t ne mQ';i_ o s n o vnl h qo r Lv a ••.•••• , .. , ..• + •...••.•.•••...••.•• ++ •.•..•••••..... 9.2, 'ro p t o t n e- mocr ne;.;i·h gall-ova ., ... " •••••...•• " •••. , ....•• +,+ ••••..•• +<+< •••.••

9-.3. z a p r eml n s k l s e s t e v i t.op l o tn e mati n e kl h g-a!iavltlh godva .. +< " +.

9.'-1. Ha s e n i '5""'il;aV t· t ep l o t ne mo d l neklh tll"cnth gOr"i a. ,.+ T' " <

9.5. He s en i s e s r ev t top~otne mo d i nekih cvr!itill uo r f v e ", .. , , ..

IQ, P6.Mt)(:N[ MATEMATteKE TABElE •...• ,.,., •• + •• " •• ,." ••••••• " ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

1Q.;. ae!isl"Jl_oye Lc t t tn d r+z ne ] f u n k cr j e <.' •••• 1" ••• '.+., ..• , .• ·.,.·, ... ·· .. ···.··· ... ·.

10.1.1, -Gamil +un kcl j e .•.•.••• +, •••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

10.2. Hipcr-bo~ti;l'Ie f un k cl ] e ..•••• , .•••..••.•. , •••... , .•••.....••.. + ••••••••• > •••••••••

H1.2.1. Vre.dnolS't +unk cr ] e s Lnu s r br p e r bc l t ku s + ++ + ..

11l.Z,2. .• VredI"JQ5t Pun c kl j e ko sl nue .. ht p e .. bo U xu s + +>

IO.l+:.!.. v s-e dno e t t un kel ] e r e nqen s+b l p e r bc t i k u s +"'" ,', ••.......•.•.••• +

lil,). GBUSO\l t n r eo r a t gr-es"-.k<l .•....•••.. , ••• ,., ••. , .. ,.,.++ ••....•.•••... , ••••

10.4. Ko r en t k e r a k t e r l s t t e nt n j e dne bl ne i ko n s t a n t e Fou r t e r-o vl f r e do v e ..

10.4,11 Ko r en l k a r ek t e r f s rl d ne j-ildnai"!:(ne z a b e s k o acan r ave n z l d , .

10.4:2. Kon s t en t e Pov rl e r c vo q r e d a :u~ be s k o nec e n r e v a n z l d .

10.4.3, Ko r e n I ke r-e k r e r Ls tl t n e j ean az t n e 2;1;1 be e ko n a c a n c Ll l n de r + .

IG.Ij.t., xon s t.e n t e fqurterQ\lQ9 r e d a z a b e s ken e c a n c fl Lnd a r , .••• " + .

J(tII.t.5. tc.Q"~l1t kar .. k t e r l s t t c ne jednaclne za ",uglu .. ,"',." ++ .

sa.5, Le p t a c e o v e t r-a n s f o r-me c f j e •.••• , ••• ,., •• , ••••.• , •.•• ,.+ •••••••..••••.•..••••••••• +

L ITERATURA

•••••••••••• + •• , ••••••• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• + ••••••

f'" R I LOG I: O-lja.gt'iilm i, B za vooe:nu paru (po podaclmB M. VukaIQ\llt.a)

P R t

o G 11: DiJagr~m {., == Za I/Iazan Y-8l!:dun za. p .. 1 b.a ..

S t r a n e

179

\79

1 S 0 I e6

18G

IS?

1 B7

19' 13D 190

191 191 191

195

19, 19, 196 196

197 197 199 2 DD 200 2" I 2'2 203 , .. 204 ~05 206

'07 >08 209

PREGLED OZNAKA

9

Vet l cl ne

Jedin~c<l

a d

E

p ov r g i 1"1-<1. p r e s e k kaefrcijent ep s c r p c t j e

t emp e r a t u r s k a p r o ve dno s t

kO;'l<;t:antil z r a Ee n j a

lo-ka'lna b r z Ln a z vu k a

~pecificna t o p l o t e

me s en t ud eo l-I!Jljeni~., \J gor-ivu

s p e cl fl c n .. topiotOl p.o 1'\lel"Lkom no r ma l nom" k ub n o m rne t r n

k c e f i ci j.e n e el j a t e r mt j e

p r e c nl k

ene.rg i j ..

e n e r q a x s k ! f l uk s (prl zr{l_(.cnjl.!l-

r:,LX ek~ergij.;;1

s p e c I fl t ne en e r ol j a

o'!nerget!J.~i F Lu k s (prf z r ac e n j u ) DO j edl nl e t povdinl'l

p ~ I I a

g

g ubrZanje z e rn l j l n e t e z e

rn<l~erc1 u d e c

Hd do n j n [l)plQt~i;I moe q u r Lv a

l!g gornja t opl c tn e moe qo r-i v a

H12 e f e k r i vn a pov r sl n e uz a j amno q z r a c e n j a

ma s e n t ud e o vodonl k s U qo r t v u

ental p i j s

a p e c I fitl"\oiI e n r el p t j e

80 I t z man n-i o v a k cn s t a n t e

ko e fl cl j e n-t p r o I e z a top-late

r a v an z l d

k oe f i ci j e n t prola~~ t o p t o r e

s f e r t cen z l c

ap s c I u t n I [z a p r e ra s n s k i} r au

ep s c l u t n t r e o Po j e d t nl c I me s c

dL.lzina, e f ek t Lvn n deblj·illa s t o j e s oe j e gi>!oov<J KOj i zr~(:~. k;oH(}ktcris.t;cl"I ... d-uziria

l.t tehnicki r s d p-Ll j e dt n t c I rna s e

kglkg

J/(kg'K) kg Ikg, J/(m~·K}

J/kg
W/m2.
J/kg
kg/kg
m/52
J/IYIO I • J/ky
J/mol. J/kg
m'
kg/kg
J/kg
J/K
wi 1m' . K)
wi I,,· K)
WI'
J/kg
J Ikg 10

Oz na k a

Vel H i n a

Jed i n i (:<:1

W'/m

(Me)

(Mej

O!i)

cut :

IMI t) rMqJ

<::~l:~)\

i;lo) ,

(Mu)

(MV)

p

q

R

s

rnc I,.. rna

mot a r ne s p ecl fl c ne t c pl o t a

mo l a r n e e.u e r qlj e

e p s olu t n l r e d p o .'edin~_cT k o l iE-lrl(;

t e hnl c k t r e c po j edi n l c i ko~ t cl ne

kollcina t o pl o t e po j e dl n t c t k ol Lcl n e.

unt ve r z a t n c ga'>n~ k o n s t a n t e

rno l a r- n a e n t r opt j a

mol a r n e vnu t r e s n j a e n e r q i j a

Av oq e d r c v c v broj

e k s po ne n r kYOI-l is t e t l Ek e p o lit rope

ko l it l n a mater1 je

me s en ~ ud e o a z c t a U qo r : vu

rae s e n i ud e o k Ls e o nl k a U '9orivlJ

ap aol u t n : p r t tl s a x

na t p rt t i s a k {ee norse t a r s k ~ PI' ~ r i s e k )

po t p r i r i s e k

kol~~ina e o p l o e e

k o l i-einoil t o p Lc t e po j e di nic i re a c c

t e r roiEk i flu".:.. po j e dl nl c I povr~ine

t e rml c k l f~Likl> k r o z p o v r st n« C'I ~inur,~nug zi o a

du f l n e .j ece n me t a r

q a s n a ko n s t a n t e

kce rl cl j e n r r e F l e k s Lj e

po j up r e c nt k

[OP l o t a faze

a e n r emt n s k t uo eo

e n t r op i j e

k o r a k {o e v l ko c c e v nc q 5hDPiJ}

rna s e n L ude c s umo ore u gor i v u

s p e ct r t c n a e n t r-o p Lj a

kg/Iilo I

J/lmol'K)

J/mo 1

J/mQ 1

J!mo i

Jjmol

J /il"lo

I'KI\ J/ (~~l·;·1(}

J/lIlo1

k.g/s mo 1 ~ I

rna 1

kg/kg

Po

J !kg

W/m

J /kg m ~ 1m3

J/K

kg!kg

11

a a o e k e

Jed i n i cn

~I

ep s ot u t ne t e mpe r a t u r a

un u t r e s n j a c n e r q L] e

s oe cr t t z o s u n u t r a s n] e energij>:l

z e c r e ml ne

t c p l o t n i k ap a c J t e t

I;QP~otn1 k ap a c : t e t u j e dlni c l v r eme n a

ma s e n i u d e o v t ec e u oo r t vu

a p s ol u t n a vt a z no s t 'Ia:zduha

ko o r dine t s

k o o r d i n a r e

f ak t o r- k c mp r e s Lb i l no s t t

koord i n e t a

c emn e r n r u r s k ] k o c f i ci j e n c 1 i n e e r-o o q st r e n j c

k o e t Lci j e n r c r et e e e t o plo r e p r t a r c c e n j c

r emp e r a r u r s k ~ sco e f l c i j e n c zap r em : nsk-og S t r enje

k o e tt ct j e n c e mi a Lj e

s t ep ert korap re si j e

F ak t o r- grej e n } a

r e z I i k a r ersp e r a t u r a

e k s co ne n c kvaz~;;t.atte!<'e a d i j e b a t e {izel")trope)

no e t t cr j en r vi s k a v a z d uhn

t c rml ck e p r ovodno s t

k a r e k t e ri s t Lk a go.rivu k l nema t t c k a V~>ikOZ;W5l

s a s l a v

"c

j/kg

J/K WIK

kg/kg

kgw./kg+ S .v ,

kg/kg

kg/kg

12

d e dl nl c ..

r e d u k c v a n i p r l tt s e k

!JU!I tina

p o v r el ns k I n a p on

5 tefan-Bol t zme n nv o va k o n a t an t a

r e dukc vana r emp e r e t u r e

v r erne

geomctrIJ:!-ki f e k r o r- u.;!:aj':HTlFiog a r e c e n ] e

r e ven s k t uq e c

r e dvkc v a ne z a p r e m i ne

r e l e t i vn n vt e f no s t ve z d una

koefid)ent t r en j a

ko e fl e t j e n e kDru;ra~cijc

pros torn i us e c

uq ao n e b r z j n a

J/kg

"1m W/(mZ'K~I)

r ad

- ,

I I,

GRCKA ALfABETA

CP'!i i Ion

hi

" I

b-e tog

k s i

gamB

orr.i k r on

de ~ t a

pi

zeta

:.1 gma

eta

c eu

the t ..

i p s i" )0"

jota

fl

I areb d e

ml

1,1

DS~OVNF. JEDI flleE

I, MEDJlINARODN[ S[STEM JED1N[CA (S[)

13

FIZfC:KA VHICINfI

JEt!! N I CA

o lNA:KA

u E F.! Ii I C I J A

D-uz i ne

me t a r

'I He t a r- je duz ~ n<J j e dea k e 1 6-50 763.73 t a -

l e s n l h d u E'l na z r ac e n j a u v e k uurnu s o j e c e n o v e r-e

pr~lazo l zme dj u n Lv o a ' 2p}{! i 5(;15 a t oma k r Lp t c ne

S6 • (11. tGPH 1960)

Ma Elil

kllogrem

kg

"KHograrr jc j edl nl c e rne s e t kilogram j e jedne k we s r mee:ljvn(!rodnOfl e t e l one kllogram~'1,

(1. i ~, CGPM1889,1 1901)

v r emc

s e ku nd a

"Se k und a j e t r a j an j e 9 192 631 770 pe r l o d e z r az.e n j e ko j a oe ccv e r e p r e l a a u l z ee dj c dve hlpe r ft ne n t vo a c e nov noq s t en j e a t oma -ce:;o:IJl,lme

133". [13. CGPM 190)

Joe ""HI c l e k t r l S ne s t r u ] e

e mne r

"Amp e r j e ne p r onen l j t ve e l ek t r l c ne s t r ul a

koj;;, p r c t s z e c t k r o a d v e pra v ol l n t j s k e pe r e l e-l ne

nec q r e n l Ee eo Llugacka p r-ovod nl k e , aan ereer l ] i'log

p r e s e k e , pO!i t a v l j e ne u ve kvvmu n e me d j u e ub non,

o d s t o j a n j u c d 1 tne t r a . u z r cku j e l z me d j u njlh sl- 11,1 o d 2 x 11]--7 n j u t n a p o metru duzjnc",

(9, COPH 19~8)

"r e r rno d t e en l cka

tempe r a lura

k e I v I n

"Ke l v l n , j e dl n l e e t e r-mo d l n a ml Ek e temperature j e 1/273.16 deo termodlnamH.ke temperature

t r o j e e t."l.r;ke Yodel',

{O~lm t e r mdd l n n m l Ek e t e op e r'e t ur e (T) k e ] e j e

t z r af en a ti k e l v l nl rne , u pc r r eb l j a ve s e takodje temperatura t e l z t j c s a It:C} ko j a Joe de t t nl s e ne re~7~:1~: tC= T - To. gdc j e '1'0-273.15 K pO defl-

Ziju!:mptl;)~IJr-ll (tC) t e r e Eeve '!ie ... s t ep e n l me C.el-

Jacina s v e tl o s t t

k a n d e t a

cd

"Ke ndet a joe jaCina s v e r t o s t l II lJpravnoll'1 p r ev

cu. povrlilnf" o~ 1/6.r'Hl 000 k vadr e t no o metra c r >

flOg r e l a , n a t eep e r e t u r I o~ v r!ic.avan.la p l e tl ne poll p-riti:!ik-al'!'l oc 101 325 Pe",

Ill. cr.r" i9b1J

Ko ~ i I: i n a rna t e r i j e

me 1

° .... 01 j e kc l t zl na me t e r l ] e s Ls t em a kc j I s e -'

d r z l t o t l kc e l ereen t a s-n l b e e s t l c e k o t l ao l me 1I~

I; 0 1"1 a ti (].Q~2 kllogr~ma n u kl Lri e u q l j e nl k c 12".

[1~. tGPM 1971)

(Kada lie u pc t r e b l j a v e mol, e t emen t e r n e cestree c r eb e d(1 bu du po-sebno s ne c t r t c r r e ne a -mcgu de b u d u storid ~ mc l e k ul L, j cnl , e l ek t e o n t ~ d r uqe ~::~:~:l ~ Ii ne s eb no s e e c t fl e l r a n e q r u p e t.a k v I h

1,2

')QPHNSKF. JE'D~NrC~

mol

F r z I (; KA VE L ! I': INA

Jf D II/ItA

OZHA'KA

bEFINICIJA

lj q a o u r a v n i

r a d i j e n

"R.;!dljan je ug~o I) r av n l sa t eme nom u e r e >-

OI5.tu kruga ko } l a e h ... e t e n a n j e qo vom o b i mu l u k

o u ft ne j e d n a k e n j e qo vem pol up r e Enl k u'".

[11. cePM 1960)

P r o s t o r n t uo ao

S t e r a d l j.:ln

"S't e r edl j e n j e pr o s t or n l UgilO s a t eme nom u

s r e d l a r u ~fe:re (lopte) kc ] l z e hve t e ~a njoj po » vr~lrnj j e dna k u kv ad r e t u n j eno n oo j uor e z o r k a? •

{11. C riP M 19-60}

14

1.3 .- NEKE lZVEDENE JED{N)CE

15

2. TABElE ZA PRERACUNAVANJE JEDINICA RAZLICITIH SISTEMA HERA

VElIeU'A

Po v r g i nO)

Z ap r e ml n ...

S i I ilo

2:aprerni n s ke tez i n a

R.ed ~ ene r ql j e

Prt tt s ek

DinamiCk~ vl s k o z no s t

K,t'diF!ln1'l r o pl o-t e

Specificna t c p l o t a

Termi ck i f t u k s

Te rml Ek l t l u k s po j e dl nl c t ccv r s r n e

"t e rwl c k e p r o vc dnc s e

Ko e f Lci j e n t p r e l a z e r o p l c t e

t ee ce r e t u r s k e p r o vodno s t

Ko n s t an r e zt".a~eI1Ja

NflZ~v Ji::t1INICE

k ve dr e t n l mn t e r

"kilogram po ktlbf10m me t r u

nJ utn

nJutn po k ub ncte me t r u

me t a r- po s ek o nd t

dlul

p e s k e I

k v a d r e t n i me t a r- no e ekvn d I

d7.ut

dhll 'PO ki l o q r e mu

k e Lvl n u

OZI-IAKA

N/m~

mi.

••

Pa's

J/(kg'<)

Kim

w

'r eb el a 2 I - JIIDlIllCE DullNE

NAZ I V QZ!.IAKA m In ft yd m l t e
1 rne t a r ~ 1 39,370\ 3,2BOB~ I,OH61 6 .213"·H~1o
1 I "~ I~ M (") 0' 1 (l;25lt 1 0,0833l Q,02777)8 1,57826'\0"
I 50 topa ft O.30J.a 12 I 0,13 J lJ 1,8939~'10-"
\ jard yd 0,9144 36 3 I 5,68182'10-"
1 mil j ~ ml l e 160~, 141, &J 360 5280 1760 1 t ebel e 2.2 • JEDINICE POVRSINE

NAll V DZ'NAKA m' In' ft' I yd'
1 kvad fa tn I me t a r ~, 1 155U.00 10,7639 10- '\ 1 , \ 9599
1 k vud r a t n l I no I"' &,451 10-" 1 &,9444 7,71605 1 0-4
I av e d r a t ne s t cp a ft' 0,09290)0 144 1 0.11111
I k V<I r;! r n r n ~ j a r d yd2 0,83& I 27 1196 9 I , I T •• e t e L3' JEDINIC" IAPREMINE

k e l v l n p n met r u

va t

.... at po kve d r e r nom m~trlJ

vat po me t r u ~ k e l vl nu v a t po kv a d r-e t nom me t r u f k e ] 1I'!:roU

k va d e-a t o l me t e r p o s ekund t va t pc k v a d r a t nom me t r u

f 'cel v l ov na Ee t .... r t l

?R£I:JH£iA.K KOJ I s t STIWLJA ISPREO J'EDIUIC'E

1.4 - PREO'IETCI i« POVECANJE I SMANJI"NJE JEDINI CA

o1:~NILAC KOJIJoI s s ~.o11 HOI.leA

HAz IV O-ZH. ,,' I I I" ' ft' yd'
I kub nt meta; m' I lQ-' I 999,972 "nl,7 35,3147 I 1,30795
1 lito. r 1 I, 000028 I 6\ ,0255 0,0353157 1,30799 10-)
1 kub n i 1"< ir.3 I ,63811 10-3 i 0,Ol6}86R 1 5,78704 10-1,. 2, \ 4135 lO-"5
1 kubne s s cce ft' 0,028)168 i z a , 31 t 1 1728 1 0, 0370310
I k u bn l j e r d yd l 0, 76~555 7&4,533 4665& 27 I t e r e

9 19<1-

~,

h e k t n

d e k a

ce n t i

ml krc

!~

afr~

,,_/

f em to

"0

OZNAKA fREDME"TKI\

d.

. 10-E

1 O-~ 10 -1 <! t e -f s H]:-P!

Tob.,. 2.~ - JEDINICE MASE

NAZ I V I OZNAKA kg I b 0. t . J ,.
I kilogram I kg 1 2,2G~62 35,27 0,101972
I funt .. I b O,~5159237 1 16 o,H62535
, ""<" 1 oz G,on o,nUS 1 2,8552 '0'"
1 tahnU.k. J8d~ t , J ' m ~,80665 21,-6:1: }50,2}6 1
n I c .. m .... e 16

f e b e l e L5 ~ JED1N1CE GUSTINE

I OZNAKA k p/rn a kp. ~2 /m4 I 1 b/ft j Ibnf'l3 I
~ 1 kg/m3 I a ,In I 62~J'lO-' 3,5 t 6· 10-' I
I i kp.s.2Jm4 9,B0665 I 0,61ii 3,566 q 0-4
'd
~ 1 I b/f t" 16,02 lO-4
I ,533 i 5,78) " I
j 1 1 b/i ,,3 2, 7H.1 0' ~,823'10' 1 ,728~Hl3 I
- "r e ,.1. 1,6 - JEDIN1CE SILE

r-r-: I _._ .. -- ,~~
NAZ 1 V OZtff\KA N k p dv n I bf
I nJ u tn I !~""kf! Om/52 I Q,102 10' , O.22Jdl
1 kl l c pc o d kp 9.80665 I 9,81~Hl'5 2., zoIJ
1 d! n I dyn 10-5 '1102 10-(' 1 2.2S~IO-6
I fun t.e s ~ I ~ ! 1 bf 4 .448~1 0,4531> ! 4,4411'10'5 1
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lO--:S 1,01972-10-' 750,06 ,I O':_
1 n' 1 I j0197!~~_ 750,06
-, 1-0+4 735,56-10-"
'9'.80655- 9;to 80665-·10
9 ,806~5-1 0' 0,9807 735,56
1,3132.102 I,HJ2-1.-' I .3595~_' ]D-' I ;
1 ,GI 325' 1 OS 1,01325 it 0332). 760
o ,6R948.,0" a ,6694B H'"l {l.703-tl7 10-1 51,715 !.~~~~._. -+_P_'_'_N_!_~_' __

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17

"l ab el e <',2 - JEDtNtCE ENERGIJE

NAI IV OZNAKfI J 1<~h kca ~ kp m
I dzu1 J .. N·m I 2,7778'10~' 2.388'10-' 0, I 0197
,--_ -~- 3.671-10'
I Id lQv<'lt~=s kWh J ,6,10' I 259,845
-, -~ , 1 .163 -I 0-'
I k l l ekel c r l j e ke e t _.;86B·10' 1 _26 ,935
1 k t Lo poe dee t a r kpm 9.B0665 2,724'10-' 2,J42'10-l 1
- 2,700·10'
1 konJ s k e s n e qe t as KSh 2,6478'10· o .7}S5 6nt"16
1 b r I ti!ll1;ka t~rmn Btu 1,05506'10' 2,9H7'1O-" 0.252 ;.075B-10'
k a jedlf'lic.a - ____ ~ __ ~c r.b. I n 2. 9 - JEDI NICE S,N~:..:A::GE;:,__ +r- -r-' _

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lab.l. 2.10 - JEDINICE TE!I"ERATURE

T. K

to + 273. 15 ~ I cr. 459,671

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1 ee r r-u E1'I$1,I * s t e> kCB1/(I"1.h·oC 1~1£'3 ,,'

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b r- i t e n s it a t e r m l c-

k a j e d t nl c a p o II Q t I ~8S 0 08333

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18

19

Tob.,. 2 12 • JEDINICE KOEFICIJENATA PRELAZA I pnOlA7A TOPlOTE

T'a b ele 2.17 - TAnELA ZA PRERACut~AVANJE CEL08ROJNIH VREDNOST! TEMPERATURE: DC U Of r OBRNUTO'

-
HAZ IV OZHAKA \I keel Stu Btu
-;;;r;v:- ;;;r.:n;""f ~ ~
I yo' po k ..... dl'.tnr;tm ne e r u W 1 0,8598 0,176 1 .222.1:!}-~
I kelvln-u ~
k l Le k .. t c r t j a po kve d r e t .... ke e l
I num ree e r-u , ~a$u I 5 t epe .... ~ 1,163 I o , 20~ 7 1,421*10"3
nu t e t e t j us a
Or 1 tanska termllka J.~I- at"
1 nJ c e I"> kVild ..... tnoJ ~H;Qp I .~ 5,&7B 4,882 I 6,940'10-'
laslJ 1 $tep. Fau:hhaJ to
arl tanska termri!ka ]odl- Btu
I n I e-i!II pc k,v .. dr.tnom 1nlu ~ B 17,6 703,0 I 4~ I
·l:esu I !l-tllllll· Fa,.enh4lJ t e OHl'AKA

DC , D~ 0< , Or °c , Or
-273 -459 -) 5,0 -11 -Zl,8 -1 ,7 29 6~ ,2
-268 -~5' ""'3LJ,.t. -3" -z z ,0 -1 f 1 3D 86,0
-252 -~~~ -JJ, s -2.9 -10,2 -0,6 3 I 67,8
-257 -~3 o -B ,3 -28 "I B ,4 D 32 69,6
-25 I -4H -32,8 -27 -16,6 0,6 33 91 ,IJ
-246 -~ 10 -32,2 -26 .. t'" ,8 1,1 3~ 93, z
-2~O -~oo -31 17 -25 -13,n I ,7 35 95,0
-7.3~ -390 -31,1 -2~ -11 ,2 2,2 36 96,B
-U9 , -3B~ -J 0,5 -Zl -9 ,~ 2,6 37 96,6
-223 -370 -30,0 -21 -) ,6 J,3 J8 10D
-z 18 -36. -29, \ -2 I -5,8 3.9 3S 1.2
-212 -35. .. 2B I 9 -2. -~ ,n \,\ \0 1 O~
-Z07 -]40 -28,3 -19 -2,2 5,D ~ I t 06
-201 -330 -27,8 -18 - 0 " 5,6 ~2 108
-1% "HO -2 7 ~2 -17 1 ,4 6,1 43 109
-190 -310 -26,7 -16 3,2 ( ,7 44 111
-184 -300 -26 ,I - -1 ~ - 5,,:- 7,2 45 113
-179 -290 -25,6 -Jl. 6, B 7,8 46 tl5
-173 -280 -1.5,0 -13 B,~ B ,3 47 117
-168 "'270 -\5~ -2" , ~ -12 1",4 H,9 48 118
-152 -260 -436 -23,9 -II 0: .2 9,4 49 120
-157 -25" -41 B -2 3 ~J -10 $ it ~ (J 10 to 50 122
-151 ,.i1to -400 -22, B -9 15,8 10,6 51 114
-146 -230 "367. -22,2 -8 17 .6 11,1 52 116
-1 \0 -220 -36~ -21,7 -7 19,4 11 ,7 53 ta7
-n4 -210 -3~6 -2 t + 1 -6 i I ~ l- 12.2 5~ 129
-129 -200 -328 .... 21) ,6 -5 U,O I:Z .8 55 131
-12) -190 -310 -20,0 "4 2~ ,8 13,3 56 133
-11 B -180 "292 -19,4 -3 26,6 13,9 57 lJ5
-112 -170 -27~ -1 s , 9 -2 28, ~ 1 1i.4 56 13f
-107 ..,.1I)D -256 -1 g 13 -I 30.2 15,0 59 138
-101 -150 -236 -17 ,8 0 32 .e 15 ,6 60 140
-95,6 -140 -220 -17,2 q; 33. 8 16.1 61 142
-90,0 ~130 -202 -16,7 35, Go 16,7 62 1~~
-B~ " -120 -10\ -16, I 3 J7 ,4 17,2 6) 145
-78,9 -11 n -,66 -15,6 " 39,2 17,8 6" 147
-73 ,3 -100 -, 48 -15,Q 5 41,0 I a.3 65 149
-67,8 -90 .., 130 lit ,4 6 42,8 l8.9 66 15 t
-61,2 -80 -112 -13,9 7 "',6 19,' 67 153
-56,7 -70 -9~ ,0 .,_ 13- ,3 B 46,4 2tl ,0 68 154
-51 ,1 -60 -76.0 -12,8 9 48,2 20,6 69 156
-45,6 -so "58 I 0 -11,2- t n 50,0 21,1 70 156
-~5, 0 -49 -56,2 ++ II ,7 11 S I ,8 21 .7 71 160
-~, " -48 -5~ ,4 -11,1 12 53,6 21,2 72 162
-~), 9 -4] -1j2 t6 -10.6 I J 55,4 22,6 73 163
,43,3 -~6 "S{l,8 -10,0 1 ~ 57,2 23,3 74 165
.. 1t1,S -45 -~9, 0 -9 ,~ 15 59,(J 23.9 75 16]
-42,2 ·44 -47,2 -8,9 16 60,8 :2 4 ~ I.j )6 169
-41,7 -43 '45 ,~ -8,) 17 62,6 25,0 77 171
-41,1 -~2 -43,6 -7,8 18 64,4 25,6 78 172
-40,6 -~ 1 -41,8 -7,2 19 66,2 26, I 79 17~
-~o, 0 -40 .. 40,0 -6,7 20 68,0 26,7 BO i76
-39,4 ~39 -)8,2 -6.1 21 69, B 27,2 51 176
- 38,9 -36 -36,4 -5,6 22 71 ,6 27 ,8 82 160
'l8,3 -37 -34,6 -5,0 23 73 ,4 28 ,3 83 181
-37,8 -36 -32,8 -4 ,~ 2. 75,2 28.9 84 163
- 37,2 -35 - 31,0 -) ,9 25 J7,o 29,4 85 185
-35,7 -3' -29,2 -) ,3 L6 78, B 30,\l 86 187
-36,1 -s 3 -27,4 -2, B 27 80,6 3D ,6 67 189
-35,6 -3Z -25,6 -2,:2 26 81,' J 1 ~ I 86 190 T.b.l. 2_13 - JEDINICE KONSTANTE zRAteNJA

NAllV

O,B59B~5

1 k t Lok al o r l j e po ete t r u kv e d r a t aem , t",,-su I kelylno,) na Zii!:tvrtl

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33,11

1.b.l. 2.14 - JEDIHICE TERMICKOG FLUKSA PO JEDINICI POVR~INE

IoIAIlV OZHAK~ ~ J keel Btu
mr --mr.r ~ ~
I yo< po kvadrstnarn me t r u " I )600
--;;;r o ,85~8 0,317
1 dl u ~ po kv~dr.'nl;lm me t r u J 2,777'10 -, 2,386'·'0-" -,
I l ... u --mr.r 1 B,805'10
I k f t ok el c r t j e po k va e r e t .. ike. I 1 ,16) 4166, B I 0,3667
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8 r 1 t,f15k .. t-ilr-ml tk~ j e d 1- a ru
I .-.11;. .. pc kv.dr-a t ne.] 5 top i ~ J,I S~ 1, QS·1 O' 2,713 1
I f", .. u T.b.l. "1~ - JEIIINICE DINAl1ltKE VISKOZNOSTI

NAZIV OZNAKA fl.·, P ~ ~ ..
---rtr
I nJ utn s e k un de po I( ... e e r e e .... :P.!II.' 1 10
nom rae t r u t;t pas .... I sekund o ~ 1 02 2;088.'0"
I -pO,,2 p_~:iS 0, I 1 0,0102 2,08S.lQ-3
1 kI Le p.n nd s ek u nde po kyad--- ~ 9,80665 98,07
rill tnnffl ".,.-etru I 0,2 0 ~8
, f un t a .. 11 a lekunda po Ibf-q; ~7 ,68 ~7S.8
k¥.ad..-atnQJ :S topl ---r;r- 4,882 1 La b e l a 2.16 - JEDINICE KINEI1ATltKE VISKOZNOSTI

HAZ I V OZNAKA ~' s e m' ft-:
r;- •
1 k ...... d,.-a t n I me t a r po ~ I 10'
5f:kund i 1 3600 10,76
1 s t ok s em' 10"11
St~-.-- 1 0.)6 1,076'H-'
I kvad r a t n l me t e r po m" 2,777'10-'
~a51J -;;- 2,777 ! 2. ,99.1 0"9
I k ... adratna s t cp e po _n:_ 9.29- 1-0"1 '.2~·1 0'
s e kund t 33~,~' I a r em pe r e r u r s k t l n r e r v a l o o

20

21

3, GAS a v [

°e • 0. °e . OF "c • "F °e •
3 I ,7 83 191 65,0 149 )00 98,3 209 408 227 ~~o
32,2 90 194 65,6 150 302 98,9 210 410 232 450
32,8 91 196 66,1 151 304 99, " 211 412 238 460
JJ, ) 92 198 H,7 152 306 100 112 414 243 470
13,9 93 199 67,2 153 207 101 213 415 H9 480
)4,4 94 201 67, B 154 l09 101 2 I. 417 H4 Ho
H,D 95 20) 68,3 ISS l" , 02 2,4 419 2H 500
)5,6 96 205 68,9 156 313 ,02 2,6 42 I 266 5'0
36, I 9] 207 63,4 157 315 103 217 423 271 520
l6,7 9B He 70,0 158 316 103 218 424 277 530
31,2 99 2 I 0 70,6 159 31B 104 Zl9 "26 162 540
H,S 100 2 I 2 71 ,I 160 320 I D. <20 428 28S 550
38,3 101 2 I 4 71,7 161 322 105 2Z, 430 293 560
)8,9 102 216 72,2 162 324 106 2n '32 239 570
>9 ,4 103 U7 12, B ,63 325 106 2Il 4JJ lO" 580
40,0 104 219 n,3 164 327 107 22. 435 lH 590
1.&0,6 105 221 n,9 ,65 329 107 225 '37 316 600
41,1 106 223 74,4 166 H' 108 226 439 HI 610
~ 1,7 107 225 75,0 167 JJ 3 108 227 441 327 620
42,2 108 226 75,6 168 334 109 ZZ8 442 132 630
.2,8 109 228 76, I 169 H6 109 229 44" 338 640
43,3 110 <30 76,7 170· He I 10 230 4%6 343 650
43,9 I" i}2 77 t2 171 340 111 nl He 349 660
44,4 112 234 77 ,8 172 342 III 232 4S0 35' 670
45,0 I 13 235 18,3 173 3'3 Iii 233 '51 360 680
'5,6 II. .237 78,9 17" 345 112 234 453 366 690
.6, I II, 239 79,' 17S 3"7 113 235 '55 371 700
.6,7 116 241 8{l to 176 3'9 113 236 '57 377 7ID
'7,2 117 2'3 80,6 177 35 I \I' 237 459 ]82 720
47, B 118 244 B 1, I 17B 352 114 2JB 460 3BB HO
.8, J 119 246 81,7 179 35" 1'5 239 .62 393 140
48,9 no 24 B 82, z 180 3S6 116 240 ~6" 399 750
49, • 121 250 B2 ,B ,81 J5B 1,6 241 466 404 1H
50,0 122 252 BLl 182 360 117 H2 46B 410 770
50,6 li3 253 83,9 ,83 J61 117 243 469 416 180
51,1 124 255 84,4 184 l6J 118 144 '71 1,21 790
51 .7 125 2,7 B5,O I B5 3G5 118 245 473 427 800
51 ,2 126 259 85,6 186 367 119 246 475
52,8 '27 HI 86, I 187 369 119 H7 '77
5J,l 12B 261 86, ) 177 37. 120 <48 478
5), 9 129 204 87,2 , ~9 J72 121 249 480
54, " 130 166 87, S , 90 37' 11, 250 .82
51,0 131 168 88,3 191 376 127 260 500
55,6 ,JZ 270 8 B, 9 192 378 132 270 518
56, I 133 2)\ 89,4 193 379 138 280 536
56,7 ! 34 27l 90 I 0 194 l81 I ~3 290 55~
$7,2 135 275 90, t. 195 JBJ 149 300 sn
s 7, a 136 277 91, I 196 385 IS' 3 10 590
~,J 137 179 91,7 , 97 lS7 160 no 608
58,9 138 280 92,2 198 lea 166 HO 626
59,4 139 282 92, B 199 BO 171 Ho 64~
60,0 ! •• 2B' 93,3 200 19t 177 350 662
60,6 I. ! 2B6 93,9 20 ! 39" 182 HO 6BO
61;; 1 142 lBG 9', " 202 396 1 Be no 69B
6 \ ~ 7 143 289 95,0 203 297 193 3BO 716
61.2 1 ~. 291 95,6 2O. 399 199 HO 73~
62, B "5 293 96, I 205 ~01 20. 400 752
63.3 .46 295 96,7 206 403 210 .10 770
63,9 147 297 97,2 207 405 216 420 788
6. " 14B 298 97,8 108 406 221 430 806 .

La b el a 3.1 - FIZltKE OSOBINE GASOVA (1)

Ga'Sn a n I na>
GU:!iit: 1118 M~!::na kcn s - Specl fl c ne t cp t e t e m l cka 't e rm t z k a .
ga:lla* tan til pc! :looc. • I bar vls- p r o vo dno s t
G A S kOZti05 to"
to />!. 103 R ap au ..::;::.:J: ~J4 1 {l-fi ~
kg/m3 kg/mol I (kg' K) J/ (kg K) a" Pa· 5- W/(m'K)
n c e r t t e n (C,H, ) l ~ I 71 g,04 3' 9,& 168l 1 ).:;2 ! ,25 9,35 0,0 I S4
IImon~J .. k 1 flH,) 0,771 17. a ~ 4BB, J 1219 I ~80 I ,37 ~,i 8 o , :J 2 1 5
Argon I',) l,lB2 39,9.t. 208,5 532 322 1 ,65 2{] ,9 0,01·73
Azot IN, ) !.,2SI 28,02 296,7 1047 746 I ,40 17,' u I 0228
Az o t o k s i d (NO) 1 ,l40 30 ~ 0 1 277, I 975 696 I ,38 17,B 0,0221
nu t an (e'HI 0) 2,673 5~, 12 I it 3,2 '9'7 1733 1 ,108 a , 1 I} 0,0.'35
1 -Hu t a n (C,H, 0) 2,66B 5-8 t 1'2 143,2 1632 ~ - 7 ,~7 o ,I}139
ftan (C,H. ) 1 ,~57 ~o, 06 276,7 1729 14115 1.20 8,50 0,01 so
£ t l I en (e, H,) l,Hi-1 28,05 296,6- 1528 1222 I ,1 S 9,85 0, n 164
E t 1 1 e t a r (t"UHIOl ~ 7~, I 2 1 1 2. , ~ 2:l1l2 ~ - 286,0 {l t 1400
( tec.ari)
~tf1l-dodd (C,H,C 1) - 64,5 129,0 1 3~0 - - 9.4 0,0087)
( 20 Dc)
He t l j um (lie) O,17e IJ. OD~ 2U79 5>7~ 3,81 1 ,66 IS,8 0,14"
Ht o r (C I,) 3,217 71) ,(q 117,3 1+81 lS5 I ,36 i z , o D,0072
(1 b 0<)
u l o r o v odonl k (He 1) 1,6>9 36,[17 128,0 812 ,83 i tljo - -
K i s eo e i k (0, ) , ,4290 32 lS9,9 9D 653 1 ,~O 20, 1 o , 024
x r l p t on (K,) 3,708 Bl,7 100,3 251 1,1 i ,67 13, '2 0,0084
Ks e ncn {Xe ) 5, B51 31 ,)0 63, aI, 159 96 :13 1,7 21,0 0,00525
.I1e: to!l 1"1 (eH, ) 0,717 16,03 51 S, B 2225 1700 1,31 10,3 '0 ~ {l3 []
He tl l bl o r l d «H,C1) 2. :l30e 50,' B l!)Jj .8 7~ I 58~ 1,28 9,B9 0, ~OB5
Neon IN.) 0,9001 20,1 B '-11 i ,7 1038 620 1,68 29,7 0,0445
O;t:OI1 (~,I Z ,22 48,0 173,il - ~ 1,29 - -
Pe n r e n (c,I!" 1 72,10 115,2 1717 1575 I ,1)9 B,74 0,0128
e r op e n ( C,H.) 2,020 44,06 I BB, B 1863 1650 I, I 3 7,95 0,0 I it~
118 oc)
Propilen (C ,Ii.) 1 ,9,4 ~2 ,05 1 ~B, 0 1035 l437 I ,17 8,35 -
(2 DOC)
Sump-ordioks:ld (SO, ) 2,927 6. ,06 129,8 6J3 503 1,25 11 ,7 0,0077
Sumporvodon I k (H, s) 1,539 34,09· 2~4 .2 1059 804 1,30 11,66 il",Q132-
uel j e nd t ek sl d (r.O, ) 1 I ~76 44,0 I 189,0 B37 653 ! ,30 1 J, 7 0,0137
Uglje!1monoksid ( CO) 1 tZSO 28,0 I 197 ,0 1047 754 1,'0 16,6 0,0225
va z duh - 1 ,293 28,95) 287,0 1010 720 I, .0 17 :3 0,0245
Vodonlk (", ) 0,08985 z , 1'l16 4 I 25,0 ,.266 10130 1 ,.07 8,42 0, , 6J
"._ .. - . .~ .. -- t ba r

22

Tobel. 3.2 - FI1.ICKE OSOB1NE GASOVA <II)

Tempe.ra Krltll!!no It .. n j e
t u e e Temp.,,, "t op t o t a Toplota Gus.t i nill
G A s k I J Ul:lI- r e t u r-e t s p a r e top} J e- t e c ne h.:c.
nJ. pr I top 1 J. vanj e n j a (pr 1 tOe) tk,. Pk,. ~kr
1 b.r nJ. pr ~ 1 b a
°c DC kJJkg kJJkg kg/tn~ Dc bor kg/m3
,Iocet lien (C,H, ) -B~, 6 -81,8 830 613 (-80) 35,7 62 ,~ 231
AmonJjalo;. (NH, ) -33, l; -77 ,7 1375 351 68)(-34) 132,4 113 236
Aro;~on (Ar) -185,87 I - 189,3 I 16 ) 18. I i lH4(-183) -122,44 48,6 531
A:zot (N. ) "195,78 ! I
-210,011 199,5 2, ,6 808(-196) -1 "7,13 33,93 311
Az-otokosl d ( "0) -151 , H -1 f, J ~ 7 j,ljf, 77.1 1 n6 (-89) -9" 65 ,9 520
But • .., (C.HIO) -D,S -138, ) 386 BO 601(-0,,1 152 38 225
I -Butall (C.HlOl -11,72 -159,' 381 I 78,4 584 (D) 1)3,7 37 -
E t e n (c ,H.I -88,50 -183,6 486 ! 122,1 ,46(-Be,>} 32,1 49,5 210
F.t I Ie"'" (C,H.I -10),7 -169,1 481 .5 119,5 6101-1 Q2) s. 7 51,4 no
{: t I let .. r (e.H,.ol +).!t 1 ~8 "11(,,) 360 10.0 ,6- 7141+nl 194 36,8 265
E t I I h I or I d IC,H,el) +l2.6 - 1]5. Ii - 919(0) 1 B5 53,2 BO
I
11 I! Ii JUf'1 I He) -268,H -271,41 19,51 5,72 125 (-269) -267,96 2,29 69,3
Hlor I C 1,) -H,e -101 ,0 30£ 1)6 1469 (0) 144 77,1 573
Hlo-rolfodanlk I HC I) -BS -1\2,0 ~~~ 56,1 c 51, • 84,1 £In
xt s eonl k (0, ) -182,gB -21B.83 213 1 J, B 11 ~ 0 1-1 B3) -I! B ,B2 50.37 430
Krlptoh (I<r) -153,21 -157,1 119,5 R .o 21601-146) -63.75 54,9 7Bn
IO;_sen-on Ix. ) -109,1 -r40 99,1 23 ,6 J060 1-1 0]) 16,6 5B,93 1154
l'iif! tal"! I CH.) -16 I ,5B -182,6 511 e n I 7 '2'f -lbl) -82,15 46,2 162
r+e tl Ln t o r l d (C",CIl -20,1 -91 .5 406 - 954(0) i 48 66,9 370
Nec n I H.) -246,08 -2H,6 HS, B 14,25 1204 (-246) -22 B ,7 27 ,2 4B4
Ozon (0, ) -112:,0 -251,. 251,2 537 r , 5) -5 67,9 537
Pe n t a n (C,H,,) +36, DB -IH,7 %0 626(+20) ln,l JJ,4 231
P r o oe n (C ,H,) -42,1 - I 87,71 417 80,5 582(-44) 95,6 "3,6 232
r' r c ct t e n (c ,f1,) -47,7 -185,25 440 71 ,6 610(-47) 91 ,4 96.7 233
Sl)mpord~okr. hf (50, I -r o , 8 -n,1 394 1J5 14721-101 157,5 78,8 520
5 uenpn r .... Qdon [ 1<. (H,S I -60,2 -8) ,0 1 5119 77;. 5 960(-60) 1 no ~ 4 191,4
! -
Ugl jefld~Dks ~d (CO, I -78,5 -56,6 574 l~rl 1155(-50)
! -$f1 ,3DC) 31,1 73.9 460
Ugl jenmonok5-id Ico) -191,48 -209,44 211 ,5 n,s 814(-195) -140,2 35,0 311
v e e d cf -192 do 197 861 [-19q 310 00
-195 -140,15 37.74 350
\JQdO-F'l~k (H, J -252,75 -259,2 454,5 58,7 70,9[-25n -239.9 12,97 31 23

~.b.l. 3.3 - tIOLAHNE SPEC1F1CNE TOPLOTE I OONOS MOLARNIH SPECIFICHIH TOP LaTA

< = (Mc J/(MC"' IDEALN1H GASOVA (PREMAK1NET1CKOJ TEOR1Jl GASOVA)

P
(Hov) ('Me , J •
IDEALHI GAS J ~ca J kc e I I
~ kmo I .K mor:l( kmol·1(
Jednc-a'tQmnl 12,5 3 70, B 5 \ 1 ,07
0 .... 0-8 tomn! 20,8 , 'l9 + I 7 I I h 0
lroatomnl I vi ~t:iltomn~ 29,1 7 J7 ,~ ~ 1,28 .... _ GASOVA' )1
't e bel a 3.4 - FtZltKE OSOB1NE NEK!H IOEALNIH
/of. ro:! ~ I Op °v I <
C A S ...':JL J I u kJ !
mo I ~ iUl~ ~~K
nc e t l f e n [e,H ,) 20 320 1 ,u ~ 1 .12 i 1 .:2 n
n.mpnlJak ("", ) 17 4R9 2- I 2 ~ l,71 1 , IS
Argon IAr) 40 20 e 0,52 0.31 , ,'·7
Alot (H, ) 18 297 1 , Q, 0.7" 1 .40
Benz-oi (C.H, ) 78 107 O,lf8 0,37 i ,28
Rutan { c ~ ~ ~ {l J 5' '" J o .6" fl,5Q 1,25
E t e n (C,OI, ) JO 277 i • ~ 5 n ,'37 I , 1~
£ t I I e n (C1 H,,) 2B 1~ 7 I ,)4 I . ()4 1,2f\
t e r ~!-o1 0 r"] d (e, H, C 1) 64, S 1 Z::l o ,5~ 'l,J..t; 1 Ii 3
Hi!' 1 I J urn (Hel " 207:8 5 I Hi ~ • , Z t • ~J 7
Hlor(:lvQdonlk (HC 1 I 36,5 12~ o • flo o ,57 1 ,40
x t s eoel k 10,1 Jl 160 1J • ~ 1 0.(,5 1,'-10
He t e n {Ctll-tl 16 520 2 , ;'.~ ~ • B 2 "I .2 S
H~tllhl-orld (ell ,C 1 J sn • S lH ",74 o I sf' l,iS
'-I.r:n:,)t; (He) 20 ','n 1 ,-r.4 D ,f2 1.' .. 7
Olan (03) ~R \7J a I 7~ c: ,fd ! , 2 ~
P"ent~M 1 C,~,,} 7~ liS D .'~ 2 C ,hO 1 ,2 a
Prop.IIn Ie,", ) "" 1 ~9 0, P S n ."' , ,~~
SumprHdlol(sld (SO, ) 64 1 J" C • S 8 o ,4 ~ , , ~ ~
'Sumpo-rvo-donlk IH, 5) J' ,44 t,11') ~ ,?6 1 ,1 ~
UglJ.ndi.ok:!lld lCD, ) ~, \B~ ~ , BS ~ .6-b 'I,2c
Ugl J enmonoiul d ( co) 2B 297 1 ,0. 0,74 1 .1'0
VAzduh - 29 287 1 ,00 'J + 72 1 • ~ I'J
VodDn~~ IH, ) 2 41 ~i 14,55 If'..,.4{l 1 ,4~ 1) 2.0k,.u:f:~rH~. v r e dne s t r , dQb'iJenc pOl'lolu .... l""edno5ti (UtI) II t.b.~e 3.3

8,314 J/(mo~"KI I yrednos.ti:

24

25

T.bela 3.6 - SREDNJA MOLARNA SPECIFICNA TOPLOTA I(M~p)I;. J/(mol'K) NEKIH POLUIDEALNIH GASOVA*)

-

._

t HZ NZ Oz CO H2O CO, 5°2 Vazduh NZ I.
°c C~5t va~d~*
0 28,9B 29,12 29,0] 29,09 )3 .~B ~6, I I 38,9 29,03 28,97
100 29,03 29,1& 29,50 29,16 33,76 30,24 40.8 29 ~ 1-6 29,03
....
200 29,oB 29,25 29,94 29,31 34,' 2 40. I 5 "7.,5 29,33 29,14
:ioo 29, I 3 29,40 30,40 29,53 3",55 41 ,85 44,0 29,54 29,JO
,.
400 29, I 9 29 ,61 30,87 29,80 3S.05 43,36 45,3 29,79 29,51
500 29,25 29,86 31 ,33 30,11 ) .• ,61 ·44,70 4& ,I, 30;08 29,76
600 29,32 30,15 31,76 30,44 36,18 45,.89 47,4 30,40 30,04
700 29,41 30,46 32,1~ 30,77 36,77 46,96 48,3 30.73 30,35
800 29,52 30,76 32,50 31,09 37,37 47,92 49,0 31 ,04. 30,65
900 29,65 31 ,05 32,82 31 ,39 37,98 48,79 49,7 31,33 30,91,
1000 29,79 31,33 3), II 31,68 38.59 it9.58 5(].2 31 .61 • 31 ~ 2 I
1100 29.94 31 ,59 33,38 31 ,95 39, 1~ 5 a, 29: 50,] 31 ,87 31 ,47
1200 30.11 3 I ,81; 33 ,63 32,20 39,78 50,93 51 .1 32,12 31 ,72
1300 30.29 32,08 33,86 32 ,It" 40,36 5 I ,51 5 \ ,5 32,35 31 ,95
,.- .
1400 30,48 32,30 ~4,07 32,66 40,92 5'2 ,Of 51 ,9 32,57 32,17
1500 30,66 32,51 31t,27 32,8b 41 ,1;7 52,52 52,2 32,77 32,38
1600 30,84 32,71 34,47 33,05 42,00 53,06 52,5 37.,96 32,58
1700 31,02 32,90 34,66 33,23 42,50 53,50 52,8 33,15 )2,76
I Bo 0 31 ,20 33, DB H.B3 33,40 42,98 53,90 53, I 33,33 32,93
1900 31 ,38 33.24 35.00 33.56 43,45 Sl! t 28 53.4 33,49 33 ,09
2000 31 .56 33.39 35,17 33,71 43,90 54,63 53,6 33 ,65 )3,24
2100 31 ,73 33,54 35,33 33 ,87 4",31, 5' .9b 33,Bo 33,39
2200 31 ,90 33 ,68 35,48 34,00 44.77 55,27 33 ,94 33,~3
2300 32,07 33 ,BI 35,63 34,12 45.19 55,57 34,07 33 .66
2400 32 ,23 33.93 35,76 34,24 "5,59 55,85 31,.20 33.78
2500 32,39 34,05 35,92 34.35 45.98 56,12 34,32 33.89
2600 )2,54 3',16 3G ,06 34;46 4~,36 56,37 34.43 31,,00
2700 H,69 34,26 36,19 34,56 46,73 56,61 34,54 34, I 0
2BOO ]Z,B3 34,36 36,32 34,65 47,09 56,6" 34,65 34,20
2900 32,97 34,46 36,45 34,74 47,44 57.05 34.75 34.30
3000 33 ,I 0 34,55 36,56 34,03 47.76 57,25 34,85 3" .39 0000

T, "

!>, ikill 3. 5 ~ ioIol.arnd t z o b a r s e s s p e c ~fjcna toplota 2<- nekt!: :Dol~~~dedln~ gd!;;OVe

.) I (M~ ) I t ~ \ (Me ) I! ," (MR)

u 0 p

Zapreminsk'f s a s t av s uvo q e v e z d uh a je s l e d e c I ~ 1"0;(. '" O,2099~ l"N2_ "" Q~7803~ "f'Ar'" 0.00933:_]"'C02 """ D,0003; l"Ne+He+Kr+Xe'" O.ooooz4. SmeSi;i kojo;o. s e d6bije

p c s l e ukl an j an j e k l s e on l k a lz v a z d u ha , ne z l v e s e a~OT.Om i z v a z du h a ,

26

27

Tab.l. 3.7 - SREDNJA MASENA SPECIFICNA TOPtOTA ICpl~, kJ/(l<.g'K)

NEKIH POLUIDEALNIH GA50VA")

Tab. I. 3· B - PRJ RASTAJ MOLARNE ENTROP J JE PR I I ZOBARSKOJ PROMENJ STANJA NEKI H POLU !DEALN I H GASOVA

t .H. N, 0, CO H,O CO, SO, • .zduh H, I.
°c f I .. t v .. zd.
a 14.38 1.039 0.~08~ 1 .039 1 ,B5B 0,6205 0,607 1.004 1.026
100 14,40 1.041 0.H1S 1 ,0'+' 1 ,674 0,6689 0,637 1 ,007 l .031
200 14.42 I,H4 0,9355 1 ,0"'6 -::;,--__,..-,
1 ,e94 0,9122 0,663 1,013 1,035
300 14.45 1 ,0~9 0,9500 1 ,054 1 ,91 B 0,9510 0,687 1 .020 1 i'O"'!
'tOo 1 4,46 1,057 0,9646 1,0H 1 ,946 0,985< 0,70] 1,029 1.048
500 14,51 , ~O66. 0.9191 l,-Il-75 1.976 1.016 0.n4 1.039 1 .057
~~C~
600 , 11,55 1 .076 0.99H 1 .087 2.008 1.043 0,740 1 .050 1 ,067
700 14.59 1 .087 1,005 1 .099 2,041 1 .067 0.754 1 .061 1,0]8
BOo 14.64 1 10'9'8 lfoa l 1110 2, 074 I IOB9 ·0, 7~5 I,Dn 1 ,068
900 14,71 1, lOS 1 f 026 I .121 z , 1 OR 1, I 09 0,776 1 f 082 1 ,099
1000 14,7S 1 .118 1,035 1 t 131 2.141 1 ,126 D,7H 1 ,092 , 11008
1 lao. 14.85 1,128 1.043 1 ,141 2.175 1,143 0.791 1.100 l • I 17
l200 14.94 1.137 1 ~ 0 5- I t '" , 50 2.208 1 • 157 0.798 1 • 1 09 1 • 126
1300 1 15,03 1 • I "'5 1 ~ 0 58 1 ~ I 58 2,21tn I ~ 1 70 0, 8o~ } ~ 1 1 7 1,134
1 ~oo } S t 1:Z 1.15J 1 .065 1,166 2, Z71 1, 1 8~ o ~ 610 1,12'" 1 :I 11+2
150. 15.21 1.160 1. 071 1.113 2.302 1,195 0.815 1 .132 1 t 150
1&00 1 15.30 1 .168 1.077 I .180 2.Bl 1 .206 0.821 1.138 1.157
1700 '5,39 1.1H 1 ,08) 1,166 2,359 1.216 0,824 1.145 1.163
, suo 15.48 11181 I ~ o 89 1,133 2.386 1 ,2:25 0, fl2!J 1 .151 1 .169
1900 1 S, 56 1 .186 1 t 09iJ 1 ,198 2 ,fJ 12 1 .23J 0, R34 1,145 1,115
2000 15.65 1 .192 1 .099 1 .20' 2,431 It21t1 0,837 1 .162 ! ,160
2100 15,7' 1.197 1.104 1.209 2.461 1 .249 1,161 1. I 86
2200 15,82 t .202 1,109 1 .214 Z.485 1 ,256 1 .172 1,1-;'1
noD 15,91 1 ~ zc 7 t ,1 iii I ,218 2_,508 1,26J 1,176 1 .195
HOD 15.39 1 ,211 1. If.8 I ~ ::!.2_~ 2.530 1 .169 1,181 1,201)-
2500 16.07 l ;10 215 1 .123 1 t226 2,552 1 ,275 1 .185 1.204
1600 H ~ lolt 1.219 1,127 t ~ 230 2,573 1,281 1,189 1 ,207
2700 16.n 1.223 1.111 1,2)4 2,594 1 ,266 1; 193 1, Z 11
2BOO 16.28 I ,2-17 1 ,1 J 5 1.237 2,614 1 .292 1,196 1,215
2900 16,35 1, ZjO 1,139 1.240 2,6)3 1.296 1 ,.200 1 ,218
)ODD 16 t42 1.2H 1.14] 1.2%) 2.652 1.301 1.203 I.Hl t: H • 0, N, N, 1 z Va,.;duh CO ".0 CUi CH, ClH. SO,
"c ~15 t Y2Izd.
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 2.211 2.162 2,273 2.265 2.265 Z,276 2.597 z , ~63 2,63 4.35 3. Po
100 8,843 9.048 9.090 9,n6-o 9,.060 9.102 10,387 11 .853 11 .l04 17, J8 12,56
200 15.805 16.262 16,048 15.998 16.052 16,086 18,615 21,813 21 ,269 H.5e 23, 06
)00 21 ,411 2. Z ,265 21 .742 2 t ,671 21,796 21.826 25.397 J 0.459 Jo.460 48.94 :nt03
400 26.134 27.465 26,607 26.515 26.716 26,745 31 ~ 2 e 0 J8.129 39,147 6) ,68 B.9~
500 30, z r 2: ) 2,054 30.886 30,781 31,049 J 1.087 36.~09 45,0) J 47.311 77.79 47,01
600 J3,8Z1 36.174 34,725 34,608 34.939 34,985 It I ,257 51.313 55.140 91,15 53. J7
700 37.074 39,917 J8, Z21 38.087 38,473 38,531 45.632 57,0]4 62.593 103.92 59.20
Boo 40,034 43.333 :'1,1;.33 41,286 41 .717 41 ,78B 49,697 62.396 69.585 i 15 ~ 93 64,48
900 42.764 46, ~86 44.405 44.246 44,715 44.803 53.511 67 I 3"'0 76.)67 127.45 69.32
1000 "'5 I 31 C 49.413 47,168 47 I 001 47.508 47.60. 57,116 71.950 82.85'7 138, ,4 7J,84
11 DO 47.683 52,138 49,760 49.576 50.116 50 t Z;(: S 60,537 76.271 89,179 149.18 78,08
1200 49,928 54.692 52.193 51,996 52,565 52.683 63,794 ae ,J32 95,250 159.39 Bl ~ cz
1300 52.059 57,100 54.483 S4.2S3 ,4.851 S5.002 66.905 84.163
l "'00 54,081 59.373 56.652 56,438 57,05B 57.132 69.878 87,789
1500 56,007 & 1.525 5B,707 58.485 59.126 59 ~ 26" 72,715 91.226
1600 57.849 63,577 60,663 60.4n 61 ,994 til .2).6 75.488 94.492
\ 700 59,616 65.532 62,530 6. ,287 62.969 63, 166 78,125 97,607
1800 61 ,)07 67,399 64,309 64.058 6 '" ~ 7 !:I I 64.90B 80.Ho IOOt592
1900 62,936 69.195 66,01 J 65.754 66.478 66.625 83.150 1 OJ .427
2000 64.506 70,920 67.1>46 67.378 68.12j. 68,270 85.536 106.152
2100 66,022 72,578 69.212 68 I 94-0- 69,706 69.848 87.797 108,765
2200 67.483 74,173 70,723 70.443 11 ,226 71 • J64 90.016 111,277
2300 68.9n2 75.718 72,176 71.897 72.695· 72.82S 92,1'5;'1 11 J. 69J
2~OO 70 I 215 77.213 73.575 7J .282 74,106 74.2J2 94.245 t I 6 ~ (J:2: 0
2500 71.H7 78,66-2 74,927 74.626 7~ .1t7S 75,593 96,255 11 a .265
2600 72,896 80.060 - - - - 98.180 -
2]00 74.148 81 ,425 - - - - 100.023 -
]000 77.540 87.044 80,554 - - 81.433 104,586 128.786 28

29

To~.I. )·3 - PRIRASTAJ MOLARNE ENTROPIJE PRI lZOHORSKOJ PROMENI STANJA NEKIH POLU I DEALN I H GASOVA

T.b.,. 3.10- ZAVISHOSTI MASENE SPECIFICNE TOPLOTE, D1NAMltKE VISKOZNOSTI I TERMICKE PROVODNOSTI NEKIH GASOVA 00 TEMPERATURE PRI P - 1 .tm .)

G A S t, °e • ,.0 20. 300 ~". 500 600 700 SOD
~
Or 1,039 1,042 I ,052 1106.9 I ,091 1 ,115 ~ • 1 3~ 1.161 1 ,181
I'zot (N, ) ",'1Ll-1i 16,6 n,8 i~ ,6 2 S 1 Q 3 '.,1 J 3,9 36,6 J9, n 41 I J
l • Hl 3 2~, 31 31,52 ~8 I 50 ~~ ,89 50,71 55 ,Pi 60,3& 61j I 20 67, ~5
a p 0,52.2 {l,521 n ,S2 l 0,52 I 0,521 o , ~20 01520 0, S2 o 0,520
Argon lA, J J.j.1OEi 2.1,2 27,1 H,I 36,7 41 ,0 45,22 49,7 - -
~ 01 0) H-.5t 2. I 117 25,59 29,89 )J, ~6 17,~1 B,') -
cp 1,591 2,aH 2,451 2, a 11 ), I 27 3 tlJIl3 ~, 6.1j1 -
Bu t e n (t,H" ) \J. 10f. G,84 9,H 1 ,67 14 I~) 16,38 le,74 " ,09 - -
)" > 1 0 3 1 3,26 n,s. )6,52 51 ,87 29,78 90,' 5 11 3,0 - -
a I .I)1j7 2..067 2,49 2.:n 3,2" 3, S 19 J,787 4, Oil 4,216
f. tar. t{ ,H.l 1J~ 1010 S,55 11 ,5 11,.1 16, " '9,0 21 ,.a. n,8 -
)..10'] I R, 0 31,7 47,7 65, q - - -
c P 1 ,406 1,737 2, n6~ 2:,,'9t, 2,711 3, 052 3,3Bi ),70Q ~ ,Q 39
r i r 1 ell t c ,J;-! ... ) " 10 ' 9,6 12,7 I? ," 1 ~.::. 20. (, 22, B 2. ,9 26. B 28,7
;.. . 103 16 l' 4 29, 5~ ~4, 19 59,41 75,71 92 ,1~ 1113 I J~ 12 3. ) $~.Ij. 9
or 5,204 5, 20~ 5,20. 5 ~ 2 0 iJ 5, 2.~ .5,20- S,N~ 5,20_ 5, 20~
~lIll l j u-m (He) IJ • HoE; 18,7' 22,96 26,98 )0, eo 1~, 1) J7,57 ~o ,32 - -
A. • I 0 ] ") 179.1 2 ~ 2 • ~ 2~4, 2 275,& 104,7 112 ,~ "
0 0, q I 5 0,934 O,Q63 0,995 I,OH 1 ,0.8 1 ,069 l,oet l,ln
K I s e o n I "- (0,) ~ ~ 10 [, 19 I 2 2 ~ ,.t. 29 )),1 26 ,9 Jdl-,) 43, 5 46. S '9.3
).·1 o ') 2l.j,t;(, )2, q 1 (, D .71'1 ~B, 0 3 55,01 61 ,'51 67 ,~5 71,80 77 ,69
D 7.,1 ,5 2, •• 8 2,80 7 ), I 75 J I S2'9 r , BS6 4,153 .It "I .It 2 ~ • ,659
Me r an (C", ) 1J~ lOS 10 • ~ 13, ) 16. i ie .s 20,8 22,7 g,6 26,5 28,2
}.- . 1 {I ~ 3(1",2/, 41 ,29 S1 ,B7 62,34 72 ,22 8 I ,~8 91 ,10 '00,5 10'9' I 3
c I ,1349 1,017 2 14sa 2,834 3, '" 1 J. 449 J ,697 ),916 • ,093
Propa-l"l (C 1" ,J loI~l{)G 7 I '" t c , 06 12, ~B 1·,75 17,15 19,4 21,8 - -
s: I 0 1 IS. El 27, • 41 ,7 57, • 76,0 95,8 - -
Co 1 ,~26 I ,8 2,16 2, '76 2 ~ 75 3 2 ,9~2 3.2 ),38B 3,5'
Propllen {( 3HG U',1(lif. 7, ~4 10,7) 1 J,' 1!},92 - - - - -
~ 10' 14,0 25,6 38. ? 53,7 - - - " -
" 0,607 0,662 0,712 0, 7S~ 0,783 0, B08 0,825 0,837 0,850
Sumpord i ck s I d u ~ 10 Ii 12,1 \6,1 2. 23,8 27,5 31 ,3 35 38,6 42,1
1'0,1 1+ 1 03 B ,37 12, )) lb,~ 3 il,17 ~5 ,82 30,7n 35,82 ~ I ,05 46, ~3
c ~," 15 0,9" 0,99 ) I ,057 , ~ 11 0 I ,155 1 ,1 ~2 1 )223 I,H9
IIgIJendlok.sl<t II ~ 10 e 1l ,8 18,4 22,6 26. ,. 29,9 n,2 36,2 )8,1 %1,8
(CO,) l;, 103 14,65 2Z, 7~ ~ 0 + I;j~ )9, DB 47,21 5~, 89 62.10 6B 85 75,13
c I ~ 1 0" 1 ,-0-:'5 I ,058 1 ,08 1,106 , I t 32 1 ,157 1,179 1,999
Uc l j e n e o no k s Ld P • H.6 20, '9' 2. ,& 27, B 39 B,8 3& ,3 )8,7 ~ I
~ .10
( co) ". 1 G"3- :2) .a s 30.12 36,52 'l,57 ItS,S:) 54, e a 59,66 65,01 70,1)
on 1 ~, 195 1., '~B !I .. I 50-4 14,$33 H ,581 14,66i n',77'9' 14,930 15,.115
Vodonlk (Hi I ~'. H;'6 8,4 10;10 3 12,1 13,9 15,4 16 I 9 1 B ,1 19,6 21, U
.1 0 ~ 174 4 216,J 253 2 300 1 HI 9 )I!l_ B 425 1 4(,7.5 09 " t H, D, N. H. I. Va:,: d ub CD H,O CO, CH, C;zH, SO,
°c l: lit "" .. zd.
0 n 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 e 0
25 1 ,561 1 ,61) 1,624 t ,61 I 1 ,61 i i ,627 I ,948 2,315 2,18 ),70 2,~9
100 6,249 6,45. 6,.96 6,~46 6, ~~~ 6,509 7,79) 9,259 B,7HJ- 14,79 9,9]
200 II .237 11 ,69~ II ,480 11 .430 \ 1 ;10 "'8~ 11 ,518 1. ,0.7 '7,245 Hi- ,7Qt 29,01 18,49
JOO 15,2'09 16,103 IS,5BD 15,509 1 5 ,&)~ 15,664 19 t235 2. ,297 2-4,318 42,7n 25, B7
400 18,6)5 1'9' ,'66 19, I DB 19 I 0 1 s 19,217 19 i 2lJ6 H,7B' 30,630 ) 1 ,648 5~, 18 32,44
SOO 21,561 13,40) 22,2)5 2~ I 1)0 22,39B 22,.)6 27,858 36,382 38,6&0 69,14 38,)6
600 24,159 26, S 1 2 25,06) 2~,9~6 25,277 25,H3 ) I ,595 1tl,6!)-1 4;,478 81 ,49- 4),71
700 zs ,510 29,35) 27,657 27,52) 27,909 27,9&7 35,O6~ 4£, 51 o 52t029 93,3& ~8,64
800 28,657 ) 1,956 ) 0, 056 n ,~09 30, )~O 30,411 )8,320 51 ,019 52,20R 104,5S 53,10
900 JO,H6 3", )68 32 ,287 32,128 J2 ,597 32,685 ., ,H) 55,222 64,249 115,33 57,20
1000 }2,512 )6,615 H,370 3~,203 3',710 34,806 "'It f) 1 B 59, I 52 70,0'59 125,74 61 ,."
11 DO 3~, 256 38,711 )6,3)3 )&,149 36,669 36,798 47, I 10 62,844 75,752 135,75 64,65
1200 35,917 40,681 )8, I 62 17,9B5 ]8,55' )8,672 49,783 56,Hl 81,2)9 145,38 68,0 I
'30. J7 ,50 2 'l,543 39,926 39,.,6 40,i94 40,HS 52, 3~B 69,606
, '+(lo ]9 1011 44,)03 41 ,582 ~ 1 ,368 41,9B8 1.1'2,122 54, BoO 72# 719
HOO ~ 0 ,~5~ ~S ,972 ~3, 154 ",9)2 43,5n 43,711 57,172 75,673
1600 41,HO 47,568 4~,65~ 4~, 42) ~ 5, aa5 45,227 .59,479 78,483
1700 ~J, 175 49,091 ~6, 089 45,846 .6,528 46,675 61,685 Bl ,166
1 Boo .. ,455 50,547 ~7,457 47. 206 47,909 4 B, 0 56 63,827{ 83,7~0
19i1"O ~5 ,692 51.95l 48,7G9 ~8, 51 0 ~9,234 49, )81 55,906 86,183
200;J 46,888 53,302 50,028 ~ 9,760 50,505 50,652 67,918 B8,534
2.l Go 48,046 S~ ,61 2 51,23(, 50,964 51,nO 51 ,872 69, Btl 90,789
2200 ~9, 16~ 55,854 52 I "0" 5Z I 12.1, 52,907 53,045 71 ,697 92 ,958
2300 50,253 57,069 53,527 53,23 B 5-4 ~ 0 ,1j6 54,176 73,502 95,O4~
litoo 51 ,l09 59,247 5' ,609 5~, 315 55, I 40 55,266 75,279 97,154
2500 52 ,~1 8 59" 73 55,738 55,437 56.286 56 "o~ 77,0(,6 99,076
2600 53.330 60, 49~ - - - - 7B ,61 ~ -
1700 5~,298 61,575 - - " - BO,I73 -
3000 56,640 66, 14~ 59,654 - - 60,533 B3,686 107, BS '1

\.I. P-a' '!i ~

W/(n·';

30

hbela 3,11 - FrZ1CKE OSOB1NE SUVDG VP.ZDUHA PR1 P • 1 e t m

t P 0p " qa2 a. 101) II • 1 ~6 \I .106
p~
~( k9/m3 kJ/lkg.K) W/(m. K) m:i'/~ Pa· s P.12./:s -
-5~ 1,564 I ,0 I 3 L I OL! 12,7 14,6 9,23 01728
-40 1 ,515 I ,013 .2 112 13,8 15,1 10,n'
0,726
-30 I,Hl 1,00 z ,2 G 14,9 15,7 10 ,B~ 0,723
-ao 1 .395 1 ,009 2~28 16 ,l 16,2 12,]9
I o t 716
- 10 I ,342 l ~ 00 9 2,)6 17,4 rs , 7 12,43
0,712
0 1,29l 1 ,005 2," 18,8 17,2 I} ,28
0,707
10 I,H7 1 1005 2,51 20 I 0 17,6 14,16
0,705
2D I 1205 1 ,005 z .59 21 ,4 18 r I 15,06
0,703
JG 1,1E15 1,005 2,67 22,9 18,1 16,00
0, 7fJ 1
40 1 ,128 1 t 005 2,76 Z4,J l'Slt 16,96
0,699
50 I ,093 1 ,005 2,83 z s ,7 I 19,6 17,95
0,698
6U I ,O6\l 1·.~OS 2,90 27.2· 20,1 18,97
0,696
70 , I a2~ I .009 z ,96 28,6
20,6 2 0 ~ 02 0,694
80 1 I DOD I 100g 3, AS 30,2 21,1 :2_ ~ ,09-
0,692
90 0- ~ 972 1,009 J • 13 31 19 2 t .5 22:.10 0,690
100 0,946 1 • e09 3,21 33 ,6 2 I ,9
2J ,i.3 0,688
1%0 0,8,8 I ,009 J ,l4 l6,8 2.2, a 0,686
25.45
140 0,85'1 1,01 J 1 ,49 It 0,) 23,7 27,BO
0,68.
160 0,815 1 ,0 j 7 3,64 4}, 9 24,5
30,09 0,682
180 0,779 1,022 3,78 47,5 25,3
3.1;,.9 0,68 I
200 O,H6 1, 026 3 ,93 51 ,lj 26,0 34,85
0,680
250 0,674 1,038 ~,27 I 61 ,0 27,_ 40.61 0,677
JDO 0,615 , ,0'7 It ,60 7l ,6 29,) H,J3 U,67'
35;<'; 0,56& I ,059 " ,91 81 .9 31,_ 55,'6 0,676
~OO 0,5210 1 ,066 5,21 93, I 3),0 63,09
0,676
500 ~ 0,'56 1,093 5,74 11 5,3 36,2 79,38
0.687
600 0,404 I ,II' (, ,21 138,3 39,1 96,69
0,699
700 0,362 1,135 6,71 163,4 41,8 115,4
0,H6
800 0,329 1 ,156 7, I 8 l88,8 •• ,3 IH,8
0.713
900 0;30 I 1 ,172 7,63 216,2 46,7 155,1
0.711
1000 0,277 1, I 85 8,07 2"5.9 49,0
i 7 7 ~ 1 0,719
I 100 0,257 1 ,197 a .50 ~76,2 51 ,2:
199,3 0,722
1200 C .2]9 1 ,210 9, I 5 316.5 53,5
233 ,7 0,72. 31

Tab.l. ).12 - FlztCKE DSOalNE SUVOG VAZDUHA ZA RAZNE TEMPERATURE I PRITISKE

t, °c -so 0 Sfl 100 150 200 laO .00
[ius t i na s , kfl/mJ'
1 b., 1,56 J ·1 ,275 1,078 0,932 0,8226 Q ,7l56 Q ,6072 0,5170
50 b .. 83,79' 65,196 53 ,964 46,25 40,57 36 ,18 29,80 25,H
100 b .. 175,64a 131 ,36 101,07 91 ,13 79, ~6 70,92 58, 17 .~, 71
200 b .. J" 0 ,3' 253,7 205, • 174,3 152,2 135,6 Ill,8 95, .1
300 b.r 449 ,30 350,8 288,f, 246,7 2IG " 19)."1 ~ 160,3 In,'
Spec:lflc.na tQploto 'n' kJI (kg ,K)
I b., 1 ,007 1 ,006 l,oOB I ,012 1 1016 1 ,026 i ,-o-~~ 1,69
50 b. r 1 ,212 1,1l2 I,OB5 I ,075 1 ~ 0 5 5 1 ,O~9 1 I ~61 1 ,OBo
100 b a r 1,430 1 ,216 1,133 I ,096 1 ,~78 I,On 1 ,075 1 ,090
100 b. r I ,623 1 .361 I ,229 I ,161 I, 126 1,108 1 1099 1,107
3~0 bac I ,604 1 I 4~'9 I .282 1 ,204 1 I 1 (.,0 1 ,1 J5 1 .117 1.12')
Wllm.K) -
t~rmHk~ provodnost ,
1 b., 1l ,1120/1 0,0243 (J ~ 1'12 F! 8 0,0 J 1 ~ 10,0 J.·I In," J~) 10,0" 51 10, OS 1)
50 0"' '01 n2~7 0,02]0 c , t1102 0,0 Jl J 10,0)661 (0 ,O~O) 10 j OL(d (0,052 )
100 b .. '0- ,oHj.9 0,0298 0,0325 o ,0352 (n,03~0) (0,0111) 10, 0.7) (~ ,0521
200 bH r,,0)51, 0,0365 0.0378 0," 396 (L 0415) 10,044) 10 ,"~e) (0,0531
JOO b. r 0, o~~~ 0,0442 0,0444 n.O~48 (0,0456) (n ,01, 7) 10.050 ) (o,os'l
r emp e r e t u r s k e pro .... c dno s t a ~ Vlop,p).10' m'l;,.
I " .. 1'2 I 9~· 1 s , 94 26,5 i 33,20 (41 ,68) I SO, 3~ I 170,PsT (92,291
50 b e e 0,213 0,372 n,516 0,700 (0,855 ) (I ,054) II ,461 I I ,90)
100 ". , 0,1071 0, I 87 0, 46~ 0,352 (0,4"3 ) (0,539) (0,7491 (0,960 )
100 b., 0,06'1 '01 l06 Q,150 0, i 96 (0,242) (0,293 ) (0,39 11 (0.5021
)00 b .. 0,0613 '0, n891J 0,110 0,15 i (O,IHI (0,2" ) (I'!. :l'7a) (0,35 II
Dtnamr~ka vi $.kotncst 1.l,106 P ... -s
i bar 14,65 17,20 19,61 21 ,81 13,92 25,8S 29,' 7 31,76
50 b .. (16,71 19,"2 20,57 22,59 24,40 (26,41 11·,91 () 3, I}
100 bM 118,31 to ,2 21,7 23,' 25, i (26,91 l 30,41 Ill.51
200 b .. (22,S) 13 ,6 24 " 25,6 l6 ,B 12B,5 J (3 I • S J I) •• n
300 b .. 128,71 27,B n,s 28,1 2B I B 1)0, I I I J3, I J (J6, I)
K l nema r ~ ~koil vi .. k o z nc s t 'OJ - lJ I p , lOr. m" /5
1 bH S ,l75 13,09 18,20 23,39 29,07 35, I 4 48,53 63.l7
50 boc (0.1991 0,238 O,3B1 0,088 0,601 (0,730) II ,00 I ( I ,lO)
100 bor (0,10. J 0,154 0, Z03 0,257 0,315 (0, 3BO) (0,52 I I 10,6741
200 bor (0,0670) n I 0930- n , 11!:' 0,147 0,176 (0,2'" I 10, 2B2 J (0,364 )
300 b .. (0.06391 O,079J 0,0953 0,11' 0,133 10, I 561 10,2061 (0.26»
Prandt l-ov hroj Pv = ~/a
1 b .. {l .723 0,712 0,687 0,7" J o ,~9B 10 ,6~81 (O,HSI (0,681)
50 b.e (O ,854) 0,8'01 0,739 0,698 10 ,70~ 1 10,6931 (0,69 ) 10,68)
1 DO b.' (0,971 J 0,·82\ 0,751 0,730 [0,711 ) (0,71 J (0,70 J (0,10 I
200 bor (I.O.n 0,877 0,793 0,750 [0,727) (0,72 ) (0,72 ) I D, 7H
lOO b., (1,042 ) 0;887 0,79. 0,755 (O,731l (0,731 (0, 7~J (0,75) 32

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100 0, 9~O 1 ,068 3,13 )0,8 n,4 21,;4 0,69
200 0,74B I ,097 4,01 48,9 24,5 32, ao 0,61
300 0,617 1 ,122 4, B4 69,9 2B .2 45,BI _0,65
400 0,525 1, lSI 5.70 94,3 31 ,7 60,)8 0,611
SOD 0,457 1,1 BS 6,56 121.1 H,B 76, )0 0,63
600 0.405 1,214 7,42 150.'3 37 ,9 93,61 0162
700 0,36) 1 ,239 B ,27 1 B3 ,B 40,7 112,1 o t61
BOD o,Be 1,2H 9,15 219.7 43,4 131 ,8 0,60
900 0,]0 1 1,290 10100 2;8,0 45,9 152,5 0,59
1000 0,275 1,]06 10,90 30 },4 48,4 174,3 O,SB
11 00 0,257 1,323 11 ,75 345,5 50,7 197,1 0,5]
1200 0,240 I ,340 12.62 392,4 H,D 22l ,{l- 0,56 ff. loa. dimnl!!. ga:!loye drugo-g ~apr.,mlllsko9 seU.Y.e! v r-edn e s t I za ).. '" I PT' z<:Il.'i$e uglevYlom od z ap r amll1!ikQg u d e l e vo dene pe r-e , p.a r e bl Lc n e v r e dnc a e I t r-e be PQI11IiQ;t(tl s a QdgDYitroajl.i,"om vf".dnoilicu popr-av:ll,e t)., ~v I "'PI'"

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262 462
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255,5 40S
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9 198 O.2fi.iJ
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12 124 D.1H 0, '65
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14 90 O. \ 1O .,193
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i 66
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20 }5 0,047 o • 075
2 I -5·,5 2.6,5 0,040 a.o'"
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2. -56.5 216,5 1'l.029
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17 0,0160 \ o •• 25
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cI"IQ-_ .. -N,..... OI..,""'_""'· t-O ..... N·'N N·

~m~

:;;g~~;;

o:;- ..... "'..r..,.:lQr:::>~ c"=' ocoo-rn-o-

N..a>4l·.NN

~~~-~~

01:1000

.::rf'olf'ol...--.. .... ..0 a-.""--'(o4 ... W'm ~ U\

~"'.;f"~ - ..... _r-,I-f"II..r\

~~;;~;:]

CCJ QI::lO

............ ~<rJr---- O"aw,_t-.

--.T oN ~ co 0"-

_ ~ --0

OQOQ=

o'l:I.rI'\-8 U"o.c::o _,..~ ~N. ~ .... ~

~ ..... u"IO"'I""'" 4'-"N _,_

N~~ 0""'1 .... 4 o!t'\OO

~:;~ ~~~

N--

'w z

.::::;

.r-

-1:1\,.....,..."-

... ...,_ IIP"ILl\

...a"olJ f'oo-lD

00:00;;'

~;;:;~

~~~~CI,.CI,. ClC~CC

In~""'cn,.... _,-._ ...... 0

~.# L4"01.r...a

~:::=~~

ooo~o

~O_o:.~CI ..

.:3 OCI o<l-

...... ,..,;.,...._ .... a-. a-..:(l 00 a-.m ~Q~ No:.-.

~

.... ....,." ........ m OI.:--t-wrt--.1Tt ~.,..7.::r.;z~

o:r)c::t~ICF'I--.a U'\G""1NU'\O">

~::6~

:g:~~

OClIQOO

o.z_q-.-a.

=6-,g6-~

OOe-Cl_d

6::;~-~

CI 0 0::0 oO'i~

N_.3"'Oo:J ooct;l ........ ~OO;O-QI OCOO~

~~g:6~ s : .;;.~ .:

-~~

-"T.e;:;.g., .........

t-.aJ CP I';J N

___ NN

Cla-oao ~~O.O~Q,. CI~c:::.OO

0000--0 gCO)(;:J==

c~idQ"';;~

s

. ..

:_.

~+-~------------------I

..., ....... -0-,",+ .-

~~:~:e

o.f\~ ...... 0'0 ,..._ ...... -'i--:(00.1;"'"

~o~

...... ~--_,.._ "'"' r- "'" -0 .... ~U"I-D"'1.U"I-___ -N~

.. -

o_a .... 1.r. .... a .... _Lt\

';'"'":.-~~":

.... N'I'I'\ ..... Jf'

m-"""_OCOQ -.D--I"'IoG:lC'lN

'"':" .. "':~~

........ ..o~ .....

tl\Wo ............ o.n...,.oXlI_"'" ....,. ..... ,...,0"""1' """'~ ~"GO

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4 ..

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-----

O~OEO 00_ .... -f'IoI,

-----

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i

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44

Tab.l. 4.2.8 - 'PREGREJANA VODENA PARA (I VODA)

pr I ~ i s.ak :;
c ,» I b a r o , 'tl5 b. r-
temp. v i B V i i •
°c m 3/ku kJ"" ""I (kg.KI m s I kg kJ/kO kJ/lkg',K)
0 0,001000 0 o , o o o V(cDA 0-,001000 I 0 c , e e u
, '.
.0 'JI,J 25.8 8,995 L -0.001000 ,2 0,150 F
20 • J6, 0 2537 9,056 , 0,001002 64 0, <96
30 140,7 2556 9+ 117 4 0,001004 .16 0143-6
_0 1.45,4 2575 9, ! 78 28,67 257" B,4J'
50 150,0 2S94 9,238 'H,Bo 259J B ,492
e e 154,7 2613 9,296 30.73 26 t z 8,549
)G 159,4 2632 9, J52 Po J' ,65 163 I B,60S
80 H4 • s :2:b:-d , 9,406 " 32,58 2650
VC, 8,659
90 168,7 2669 9,459 33,50 26&9 8,712
10n 17),3 2668 9, S 1 0 34,4 J 2666 8,764
fth';!
120 182,. 2726 9 I 609 JO,28 >726 B,863
140 191,9 2764 9, ]OJ 38,1 J 1764 6,957
..... 160 2 ~ I I I 1803 9,79J )9,98 2803 9,047
180 2 I 0 ," 284. 9,8Bo "I .as 2 8~ ~ 9,1 J 5
200 2' 9, B 2880 s I 96) 43,68 2B8. 9,2' S
220 229,1 19.8 H ,0114 45,53 291 B 9,293
140 236,3 29~8 F 0 1121 47,37 2958 I 9,376
260 247,6 1997 i e • I 96 49,21 2957 9,451
28Q 256 .s 3037 Hl.269 51,07 3037 I 9,524
3D" '/. 66 ~ 2 3 '77 10, 31.t 0 5Z ,9 ~ 3077 I 9,535
I
320 175,4 :l-117 lo,40B 54,7) 3117 I 9,664
J'O 184,8 3' 5) 1;).471.t 56,62 3 I 57 9,730
lb" l 9 ~ • ~ J 198 10,539 58,47 3198 s, 796
380 JOJ ,4 3238 '0,603 60,32 J 2J8 9, B59 [
400 3 I 2,6 32BO ,",665 62,16 328Q 9,921
420 J2 I ,9 332 I 10,726 64,00 332 I 9,982 r
440 3;' I • Z 336) 10,786 65,85 336) 10,042
460 340,5 3405 IO,S4. 67,70 3405 IO.I-O-{1 !
.!
480 349,8 3448 10,902 66,54 3448 10,1-Sa·
500 J S9, 0 3490 10,958 ]),39 3490 10,::: 1.!t
520 )68,l 35J} 'i,OI!j 73, ,. J5JJ 10,:nO
540 377 .s 3576 1'1 • :068 75,09 3576 lOd2l.j
560 38.,9 J619 1 t • ,22- 76, 9~ J619 10,378
580 396, , 36H 11 , 174 78,79 3663 10 30
600 405,6 3707 11 .226 80,64 J 70) 11), .Et82
620 414,8 3751 11 ,276 81,"9 3751 1 0,532
640 424, I 3796 11 ,325 84,34 3796 10,581
Ho 43) ,4 ,841 11 ,373 86,19 384, III ,6-2
6aO 41t2~6 3886 11 ,-'42 \ 88,04 38B. 10,67
700 451 ~ 9 H31 I I ,468 89,88 J 931 10,72 l." ....

.~

~ II

:/

p r t el s a k f 0,1 b. , 0,5 '.r'
t~mp. v i a " i .
"c m'l kg kJ/kg kJ/{kg'K) mi/kg kJ/kg kJ/(kg,K)
r ;"v
0 a. -00 I 000 0,0 o I oo~ O+OGlOOO 0, I o ~ 00 0
1 o 0,001000 41,9 0,151 0,01)1001) 42. (l 0, I 5'
20 0,001001 83,7 0,296 0,001001 83,8 o ,2~6
30 0,001004 n5,& 0,436 I>!:,> 0,001004 125,6 0,436
40 0,001007 167,5 0,572 0,001007 H7,5 0.57 t
s e 15,00 2590 8,170 n.GOHt12 209, J 0,7 OJ
60 15", 35 2(,11 a,H7 0,001017 25 I , • 0,83 I
7" 15181 2630 B,283 0,00102-1- 293;10 \l" c , 95~
80 16,2) Hi'S B,337 0,0010:1:9 334.9 \ • fJ74
90 16,74 2669 8,HO 3.324 2663 7,Ho
100 17,20 2688 B, •• 2 3,420 26B3 7,693
; 120 1 a, 1 3 2726 8,542 'R" 3.608 2722 7,795
,.
: 140 19,06 n64 8,6)6 C!/,J..-,..t.. J,795 2761 7. 890
160 19,98 2'802 8,727 r 3.962 <799 7,981
180 20,90 2B41 8 ~ 6 I it it ,"169 263B 8,069
200 2 I ,B3 2879 B, B97 4,355 2B77 8,151
220 22,76 2918 8,978 4,5.0 2916 8,233
24" 2. 3- ~ 68 , 957 9,056 4.126 2956 B + 31 I
260 24,60 2997 9-,13 I ",912 2995 a,)86
280 , 25,5) 103) 9,203 5,098 30)5 a, ~60
300 26,46 3077 9,274 5,284 30)6 B, 53 \
320 27, J8 J' 17 9, ,4J 5,.70 J 1.6 B,599
340 28,3" 3157 \ 9 ~ ... Hl ;; ,656 3' 56 8,66&
360 29,23 3198 9,475 5,841 3 I 97 8,731
360 30,1 S. H38 I 9,539 6,02] J1 )7 8,79S
" 00 3 I ,08 3280 9,601 6,212 l179 8,858
4,. )2,00 33" 9,662 6,397 H2O B ,9' 9
4.0 32,93 3363 9,722 6,582 3362 B, 97 9
460 33,85 3405 9,780 6,766 340. 9 t 037
480 l4 ,77 3448 9,H8 619501 3447 9,09S
500 35,70 3"90 9,895 7,136 34B9 9 ,'\~"I.
Ijzo- 36,63 35H 9,950 7 t 31 I 3531 S,208
540 37,55 3576 10,00' 7,506 3576 9,263
560 38,47 3619 10,056 7,690 3619 9,316
580 1 '9 ~ 4 0 3603 10,11'li 7, B74 J663 9,368
600 4",32 )707 10, 16~ 8,058 3707 9," 9
\
, 610 • I, l' 3751 10,212 8,2"Z 37>1 9 ,469
600 I.t 2; 17 3796 1 0 ~ 262 B, 4 27 3795 ~,5 '9
600 4), 10 3841 \oCl- ~ 310 8,612 )81.0 9,561
, 6GO 44,02 3886 10,358 8,n7 J885 9,615
700 44,94' 393' 10,405 8,982 3930 9,062
,
., 47

<lb ;'
ne s r a v a k
p r i t ~ !l. a k. p
I bar "
t8~P' 2 boc
" i "
m J/Jr9 kJ/kg U/{k~' K) tr i oil' ~:~:;
m ' Iko kJ/k. kJ/(k9~
U 0,001000 i'i
20 0, I O,OIHj 0,001000 oil
0,001001 0,2 0, nao '''·1
.0 83,9 e , 296 O,OOHiOl J
0,001007 167,5 81.t ,0 0,296
60 0,571 0.001007 - - i
0,001017 251. '1 0,830 167,6 0,571 -~
80 U,GGln.s 334,9 0,001017 2 ~.~ r 2, 0,B3O ,",I
1,07_ -- "' j
O,OQHi28 33"5,0 1 ,074 ~~
100 1 ,695
2&H 7, )61 '.:
120 \ljOO1043 419, o :I
1,795 1,]06 ii
2717 7,465 0,001060 .~.
503,7 1 ,52. ~l
140 I ,8B9
<757 7,5&2 1
160 0,9357 2749
1 ,98 ~ 2796 7,654 7,227
180 2 ,078 a.9840 2790 7; 324
1835 1, 7.~ 3
200 2.172 1,0)2 2B30 ),415 ,\
2B~5 -.
7,818 1,0BO 2870 i
22. 2,n6 7,50.!
2914 7.91 ij ;1
24" 1.126 2910
2 .s 59 2954 7. S88 ).583 'I
260 2.45' 1.175 2950 7.663
2993 8.064 U
z ao 2.545 I • .2.21 ~990 7.740 1
3033 8.139
)00 l,6)8 1.269 3030 t • a 1 5
3074 8. Z 1, 1,31. J
320 2.731 3071 7,887
)114 8.26 I
340 1,363 3111
2,825 1155 8,348 7,957
l60 I ,4 I 0
2:,918 J I 95 B I ~ l4 3 I 53 a,025
360 I, 'S)
J.Eno ) 236 8.478 319- 8,092
400 ) , 102 1,503 )235 6,156
)2)8 B, 54 1
,1. 1 ,549 3276 8,219
J, 19' 3J 19 B ,002
4<0 1,59,
) ,'SS l)61 B, 6., lJ 18 8, 2B 0
,60 I .641
s. JHO )40) 3360 B, J' 0
.80 8,719 1,6B7 3402
3,472 J4H H, )77 B,B6
s c o J,5'5 I ,7 3 ~ 3 .. 5 B ,_ 56
3488 8,833
I ,78 l 3487
520 3.658 8,512
540 353 I 8.886 I.BiB
3,75 I 3575 8,9" 3530 8,56) !
56n ) ,S,) 1,87' 3574 8,&21
3618 a,995
580 1,920 )617
3,935 )662 9. Q47 8,67'
60" 1.967 3661
4 j 028 170b 9,097 , 8,726
(J2"Q. 2,013 370S 6,776
It. 1 Z I 375' 9,146
640 I:.06\l
.It ,11'" 3795 3749 8 ;825
660 9.1% 1. I 07
• • 306 1840 379_ 8,87'
680 9,2') 2,15) 3839 \
",396 3885 a I 922
700 9,291 2,199
, ,'91 38S. B,971}
750 3929 9,336 2,245 I
_, )21 .t. Dq2 3928 9, Q 18
800 • ,95' ~,4 53 2,361 4 ali I
415) 9,563 9,13; i
850 5,183 427. 2,476 4157 9,2:lj2
.," 9,670 i
90. 5," 13 4195 2,591 4276 9,351 1
1000 9.774 2 t 706 4395 i
5,87" 4636 9, ,55
~_0'n 2,937 ~&35 9,653
"I
I
.. \
'I
u
i nast31o'ak

prFt~$ak P 3 bar T bar
temp. " i • v > e
°c m~ /I.:.g. kJ Ikg kJl (kg, K) nlJ Ikg kJ/kg kJ/(kg,K)
0 0, GO l OfJO ~ ,3 C. {JOG o.ooP'JOO 0,5 I}.O-OO
20 (1:. c e H,lO 1 ij I, • ~ 0, '96 '0. o o \ -aill 84.1 0,296
_0 0,00100-7 167,7 0,571 0,00100) 167,7 0,5)1
60 > 0,001017 251 ~ 3 0,83" 0,001017 1- S ~ .3 0,8)0
B" 0,001028 33>,1 I ,01' 0,001028 ) ) 5 ~ ~ 1 .07!".
1 00 O,OOI~43 419,1 1 ,) 06 '0, o o Hl~ 1 "' s . I I ,)06
120 0,0010.0 50),7 I ,52b 0,00106-0 503.7 I ,52b
,.. 0,6171 n~o 7.025 0,001019 ~B9. 1 1 .736
160 0, b512 2 )S) 7,1"; ~)..It 8~ 0- 2)76 b,980
180 0,&838 2..sz~ 7,21 B 0,5091 ,61 a t ,0))
,00 0.7161 l S64 7.30. 0, S34 1 2S 5~ 7.166
22. Q,7482 , 905 7, )89 O,55B5 2900 7> 2 s 1
,.0 0, )S02 ' 9'· 7,- 70 0, S827 2 9~ 1 ),33'
260 0,8120 296& 7,54 ) 0, b GOB ~-~ .. ~-~ 7.~ HI
280 0.843& 3027 7,62J ·0,6)0 t lUll 7,480
300 (I, B1 sa ) 06B ) ,695 0,6545 :l-On5- 7, $&0 \
3'0 O,906~ ) I 09 7, )b6 o ,61B2 :J. I 06 7. -6 3 1
3~0 0,9377 31>0 ) ,B JS 0.70 1 9 3148 7, ) 00
360 0.9690 ) 191 7. ';tOZ 0,725" 3,'3-1] 7,707
)80 1 ,000 32JJ 7,967 0, )488 ) 2) I 't ,8 Jl
400 1.032 3175 a.O)-O 0-, n2:! Jl71 7. B9$
420 1 .06 J 13 17 8,091 0,795 J ,'315 7.:157
,,0 1 • 0~4 JJ59 a. 1 S 1 0,8190 3 );8 B .0 \ 7
46. I ,125 3401 8.:2 1 u O.B~24 ~"" 0-0 e .070
480 1 ,15. 3"44 B ,268 0,8657 3",i 8 . 1 :, ~
500 I ,167 3"8" 8, J2" ~, 8890 ~ It 8 ') B • ~ goD
520 ~ .21 B J52, 8,ln 0,9121 iS28 e .2'05
5~D 1,248 J571 B,')J 0, 9J 5 7 ) 512 6. 29~
560 1 .279 3616 8,486 .(J.95'3-Q )615 8".) 5'
SBO I ,3 I 0 3660 B, ;)8 0,9622 }659 :s ,4Q~
600 1 .34 I :3-70.1; B ,56B I ,00 5 ~ )10) 8,455
s z o I,JIl 17.8 6.6J6 1 10:2:87 P'l fI . Sa ~
64. 1 ,40) )79) 8,686 l • oS I '3 ) 7 92 8,551
6.0 1 ,4)' 3838 B,731 1 ,0) 52 38)7 B .6D2
680 1 •• 65 JB83 B,)83 I ,098] 3882 8,650
7~~ 1 ,496 3911 B ,S) U 1 111.14 3926 8,697
7;0 I ,5)) '-l ol.j I 8 .945 1 ,I 79J ,040 8,812
800 1 ,650 4 I 57 9,01. 1 ,237' " 56 8,9' )
850 1 ,72S 427S 5 ,163 ) .:2 9S(] ~271 9, EiJQ
900 I ,80' 4]95 ",26) I ,)52; .n· 9,134
lOG{J I ,958 46 JS 9,46b l ,t.b 7 9 HJS 9, ]]J 48

n e s t a v s k
8 bat
" b., , •
p r I t i s ajc p s v kJ/k9 kJ f (kg' 1<)
OJ J > kJ/{kq' K) m ~ I k 9
temp. m]'!k-g kJ/kg
"c
\ 0,000999 c , s 0-.000
n ,DO"9H 0, ) Q, uno B. ,3 0,296
0 0,290 G, 001 001
0,001001 84, ) \ 68. I 0,5)1
10 1 0,001001
-[J ,001007 16Z,9 D,511 ~S 1 ,7 0, a)o
,0 '2,1,~ • 01 S).O 0,001016- 1 ,014
0,001016 )35,3
60 1 ) 074 0,001028
0,001028 335,2
BD "9,2 1 ,l06
0,001043
0,001043 t. 1 9.1 1 ,306 SOl, B 1 ,52'
10' 1 ,526 o ,o~t060
n .DOHl6(l 50 J,) 5S9, , , ,737
!2O , ,738 0,0010)9
0,0010)9 ~89, ,
,.0 1 1941
0,001- H.J2. 675 I:J.
0,316 ) Z7 59 6,76) z7;i't· "') I 5
160 6,869 0,<41J c';,".:-· 6,8; 4
0, )348 28O, 2839
1 SO 6,963 0, 260~
0,3520 2B49 2883 6,90,
100 o ,L7B
0';)6118 2B9' 7,051 2926 6,99\
220 7. \)~ 0,286)
o , )85; 2933 2969 7,07J
240 7,:n5- 0,2993
100 o i 1j 0 I 9 2975 0,3118 3011 7,151
(} .. Id 81 3017 1; 292
2BO 305" 7,220
0,321.& 0
a .4142 J059 7,36' 3096 ) ,299
)00 7 ,437 0,3362
0, ,>02 3 l 0 I 3 \ lS 7, )69
Ii 0 C,34BI
{l,ill:'!)1 ) "3 ) ,50) 3181 ),438
)40 o ,~H2
0, ,82 D ),85 7,575 )22' 7.30-
160 3228 ) ,6' 0 Q .3722
J-8 D ",4979 )267 7,56B
) ,704 0, jB4 2
0,513. 3270 H03 7,631
4:ClJ 7,76• a, )360
0, ,293 3) " 3352 7,652
." 7 ,627 0,4079
0," SO 3355 3 395 7,751
"'0 7,8B& 0, 4 15~
O,5b07 )397 3·37 7, B09
•• 0 3'" 0 ) ,S44 0,.3\5
" 80 0,5)6) 1.8 \ 7,866
o ~ 41.i 3 2
0,59 \ 3 ),6) 8,001 35" ) ,521
SO" 0,' 549
0,&0) 5 1526 8,056 lSb) 7,975
s z e B + II 0 o,4b&) B, 02~
(} ,t, 2]{l ) 5)0 16"
5'0 B,161 0,4784
o ,b 38) 16' J ~.55 B. DB I
56C 8, Z1 5 0," 90 1
0,6-5 .. 1 )65 )
58" 0, ,0 1 B 3659 B ~ I ); 2-
0,669) 3- 70 'E 8,266 37'" 8, i 82
HO , 8,31 b 0,5' 31
0,0812 3745 3)B6 8,2H
620 0,5153
0,7'0) 3) 90 B,~H JB33 B,2Bo
~40 0,5369
0, )1.2 )835 6,41; 3878 B,n8
&&0 36So S,H\ 0,5485
.80 c .7317 8,315
o . .,60 I )924
D I 7IJ72 132S a, ,.8 "038 a ,~9n
)00 8, b24 o,589J 8,60 I
0,7859 4039 0,61 B2 4' 55
71' B,734
O,B<"S 4155 .17J 8,7»9
600 B,H, 0,6471
0,8631 ,214 o .6]lll 4302 B ,81_
B50 8,9'"
0,9016 4H3
900 o,H38 4634 9,013
0,978- 4634 9,1.5
\ 000 49

prl rl s a k p 10 bor 1 ~ bar
temp, v , • v t, .
°c m~ 1.11.9 kJ/kg kJ/ikg' K) ml'/kg U/kg kJf(kg,K)
0 0,000999 1,1 u , c o o O,000H9 , ,3 o,ono
20 0,001001 B, ,7 0.296 o , 001001 cB4,9 0,295
4" 0,001007 168,3 0,571 0,001007 168,5 0,571
60 0,001016 Z51 ,8 0,829 0,001016 '51 ,9 n,B29
80 0,001028 ~35,4 1,074 0,001028 335,5 1,073
100 0,001043 419,3 1 ,30~ 0,001n42 4 '9 ,4 1,305
120 0;001059 50) ,9 , ,526 0,001059 50',0 I ,5~1
140 0,001079 589,2 1 ,737 0,00\079 589,3 1,7H
160 o , 00 11 0 1 675,' 1,94 \ O. DQI 101 675-.5 I ,9~ 0
180 0,1949 2778 6,588 G.OOlli7 763, 2 2,1')8
iOO 0,206.0 2an 6 ~ 6 92 0,1693 2816 6,5B8
220 -' 0,Ti69'c 2874 6,7B8 0,1)88 2865 6,6a8
240 n,l27~ 2918 6,877 0,1879 291 I 6.780
, ..... ,,_q£y""~'C
260 0,2377 2962 6,96 I 0,19.7 2955 6,86(>
iBO O,247B HG5 7,040 0,20 S4 2999 6,947
lOO 0,2578 3048 .. 7, i i s 0, Z 139 3041 7,025
nO ",<677 Jn91 -)':'189c 0, l22! 1086 ),099
J40 0,277' 3' 3" 7,261 O,23n2 3129 ),171
160 0, iBn 3177 ) ,J 30 0,2384 3173 7,24.
380 o ,2968 3220 ) ,]97 0,2"66 32 I 6 7,30B
400 0,3065 H6) 7,46 I " 0,25' ) E~E,. 7,373
"20 o ,jHO B06 ),524 O,26n 3302 ) ,437
440 o ,3255 3J49 7,585 0,2)07 33H 7,499
46" 0,))51 3392 ), 5,~ o t 2786 J190' i . ~59
480 0,,3445 3435 7, )03 0,2865 J 'J 1 7,61 )
500 0,3539 3479 7,761 0,2944 )477 ) ,674
520 0,3634 ) 522 ),8 1) o,J02) 352 o ] , ~I 3 a
540 O,3lLB )506 7,871 {J. J I(lJ 3564 i • )8"
560 013624 3609 7,92_ 0,3182 3608 7,838
580 0,391 ) 365) 7,9]6 0,3261 3052 ) .890
bOO o ,.n I 0 3698 B,02) 0,3339 309" 7, 9~2
620 0,' \ 0" 3742 8,07) 0,3' 1) 3740 7,992
H. 0," 99 3787 8,12] 0,3495 w.s 8,0'2
660 0," 29i 3B32 8,116 0,3573 iSH S,091
680 0,438, 3B77 8,124 0, )651 3875 8,139
700 0," 77 3gB 8 ,272 0,3)18 392 I 8. ,8]
.,.__.__..
750 0," 711 4037 8,381 0,3523 ~ 036 8,)02
800 0,'942 " 154 8,"98 0"117 " 153 B ," l}
850 0,5'74 4272 B,606 0,4)10 ~272 8,511
900 0,5' 06 4391 8,)1 0 0,"'5.04 '391 B ,626
1000 0.5870 .633 8,909 0.4890 4632 8,815 50

n&stav.lik

0,OHH9 1,1 0,000 0,000999 z , 1 Q.OOO
20 0,001001 85,3 0,295 I) 1 (10 1 000 85,7 0,295
~O 0,001007 168,8 0,571 ° ,O-!J.l 067 169,2 0, >70
60 0,001016 252,2 0,823 0,00101. 252,& 0,629
BO 0,001028 335,8 1,073 0,001026 336,2 I ton·
100 0,001042 419,7 '1 ,305 o tUGI {l.4:z 1,20,1 1,304
120 0,0010S9 504,3 1 ,525 0,001059 504,7 1 ,525
" a 0,001079 589,. 1 ,736 0,001078 589,9 l,Ho
160 0, no I 101 675,7 1 ,9"0 0.001101 675,9 1 1939
1BO 0,001127 763,2 2,137 0,001126 763,2 2" I 36
no 0,00115. 0,00115. 852, • 2 ,32B
HO 0,1309 O. I 021 2821 6,185
2.0 0,1382 0,108. 2875 .,491
260 0,1452 2940 6.711 0,1143 292. 6,585
lBD 0,1519 2986 .,796 u t 1 200 nn 6,67'
300 0,1585 3010 6,877 0,1.255 3019 6,757·
320 o I 16~'9 )0'/5 6,951 O,lH8 3065 6,837
3"0 o t 1712: 3120 7.021 0,1358 3111 6,913
HO 0,1775 Jlf,1j 7,098 u , 141 0 3 \ 56 6,SH
]80 0, \ 838 3209 7,166 0,1461 32_Ql 7, 055
" 00 0,1899 3253 7,233 0,1511 321;6 7,122
"H 0,196'0 3297 7. 298 0,1560- 3Z91 7,187
Ho e , 2 02'~ 3341 7,JH D. 1 1)09 3335 7,251
4&0 0,2082 31B4 7,420 0,1659 3379 7,312
"80 0.21'" f' 342S 7,479 0,1707 3423 7,371
500 0,220 1 3472 7,537 0,1755 }46_B. 7,429
520 0,2261 HI6 7,593 0,180' 3512 7,486
,40 O,2J20 3560 7,(,48 0,1851 3556 7,542
560 0,2381 3406 7,702 0,1900 3600 7,596
580 -0. 2i41i I 3648 7,H" 0,19.8 3645 7,649
600 0, 24 ~9 36~J 7,806 0,1995 )690 7,701
620 0,2558 J7H 7,857 0,2043 3735 7,752
6'<0 (I,Hd7 3]82 7,907 0,2090 3780 7,802
660 n ,2076 3828 7,956 0,2137' 3825 7,851
680 o ,2n5 ]873 8,004 0,2185 3871 7,899
700 0,2783 3S19 8,052 0,2232 H17 7,947
750 01:;1'940 4034 8,168 0,235. 40)2 8,063
800 0, )OB6 4151 8,279 0,2067 4150 8,174
850 0,3231 "no 8,387 a,iSH 4269
90a 0,3377 4390 8,492 0,2700
1000 0,3666 4632 8,691 0,2933 \'_' .. r i

51

ne s t ..... "'k

p r it i Silk 25 b.,
30 bar
temp. v , . "
0, 'l. •
m 3 Ikg kJ/k. kJ/(ko K) m'I •• kJ/ko kJ IIk9 .)
1
0 I
0,000998 I 2,6 Co.oon
O,OOOH8 3,1 0,000
20 0,001000 8&,2 0,295 0,001000
86,7 O,2S5
40 a. 1i0l 00"; 169,7 0,570
(I, 0-0 I 006 170. I 0,570
60 0,01'11 01 S i 253,1 0,819 0,001015
I 253,5 0,829
Bo 0,001027 I 336,6 t • 0]2: 0,00 I 027
H/,O l,on
100 I
o tOOl ot.2: I 420,5 1, J 04 0,00 I OiJ I 410,9
I 1 ,30)
120 e , (10 I 059 I 505,1 I 1 ,52. 0,001058
I 505,4 1 .5210
140 {j I 001 075 590, J 1 ,735
0,001078 590,6 1,735
160 n,GOIIOD i 67&,2 1 ,938
0, o o I 100 61', • 1 ,958
\ 80 0,00112-6 763,5 i,135
o , 00 I 1:2 5 763,7 2. I 1 3L
200 0,001155 852, ~ 2,117
0,001155 BS1,6 2,H6
220 e , 00 11 B9 9~3, 6 2,51.
0,001189 94) ,5 2,51.
240 0,0845 J 2850 6,1 " 0,06826
181] ., l25
260 0,089b2 2904 6 j 4 54 O,0129JI
2BBl 6,317
280 0,09'37 2955 6, ~47
0,07120 1937 6,4JB
300 0,0989 J004 ., '35 0,08119
19Ba b,519
320 0,10J} 3051 I 6,7 I 7 0,08'500
)038 6,615
J' 0 0,1075 J099 6, HI 0,8810
~ Qo'! 7 6,696
360 O. 1117 J 146 h,870 0.092' J 0
n J~, 6,n3
)Bo n , I 159 J 192 6,941 0,09181
] 1 81 6, R4)
400 0, 12.01 52]8 7.010
0,0992- 32 "9 6 .9!1~
'12 D e , 12 ~ r I 3183 7,076
n , 1027 J >15 ';',9S-c'
440 O.n61 3l ,8 7. 140 O. 106 F
4&0 3)V_ .J,048
o • 1 ~ ~ 1 J ) 7 J 7.202 0,1095 1166 7 • ~ l !
460 O,1j60 3417 7,161
0, 'I 1 28 341 I 1+172
500 n , ~ 39"9- 3462 i 7,311 0,1 i l, 1
3' 56 7,2}l
5'. 0,1'38 3507 7, JIB o , 'I '194
35. I 7, I R9
5" 0 n , H+77 lS52 7,434 0.122)
3541 7,1" S
56. o + ~ 5 ~ I) ) 597 l,48S o.n6.{]
) 591 7 I it 00
580 0,1555 3641 ) ,542 0.1191 36J)
7,45"
60. I}. ~ -593 3686 ),594
",112, 36Bl 7,506
620 00 • ~ I) 3 I I 3732 7.646 0.13>7
3728 7.558
640 0.1670 I 3777 7,696 ',1389
3773 7,608
66. ,,1708 JBll 7,746 0,1421
3819 7,658
680 0,11'''6 3B68 7,794 0,1453
3Bg ) , )07
700 0,178" 3914 7,B42 O,14B'
J9" 7,HS
750 a.1.879 40).0 7,958 0,156" 4027
7 :872
BOo 0,1971 41 47 8,070 a, J 641
4"'5 7,984
850 0,2065 4267 8,179 a,lHO
4265 8,09J
900 0,2158 4J87 8,2B4 0,1798 4J86
8,199
1000 0,1345 4629 S,H' O,lH3 4628
B ,399 52

ne s t a .... al-.

p r t t i s e k '0 b., 50 b a r
temp. u • • V i •
"c m'I •• kJ/k. kJ/I.g K) m] l'1:.n kJ/ka kJI (1<. K)
D 0,0009ge _.2 0.000 0,OOOH7 5,2 0.000
lO -0 ~OOl 000 87 .~ 0, 29~ 0,000999 as, ; 0,2S5
"0 0.00100. 171 ,0 0,570 0.001005 171.9 0,569
60 0,00101, 2,. ,_ 0.828 0100Hll1J 255, ) D,827
eo 0,0010<7 337,8 1 .071 0,001026 H8.7 1,070
10D O,OOlUOl 0, '.7 1,303 0,001040 422,5 1 ,302
1£0 0,001058 506, z 1,513 0,0010S7 SOo,9 1,522
,"0 O,uOI077 ,91,2 1,73_ {l~OO107-6 591 ,9 1,7)3
16. O,OOH}99 677, Q 1.936 0,001099 677,7 1,935
I SQ 0,001125 764,l 2,133 0,00112. 76.,9 I: I 1 3- 'i
200 O,OO'!~,4 B5}' 0 2,32. 0,001153 853,6 2,322
no 0-, cn i : 67 S4}, B 2,51l 01001186- 944,1 2,5.1 D
,"0 O. O{)1 228 1037, " 2,6S8 Q,OOl226 1037, • 2,696
,60 0,0517. 283. 6,133 0,001274 1135,1 2. B82
2BO 0,05550 2898 6,209 o,oon_ l85' .,08)
300 0,05S88 2955 6,352 0,0"539 2920 6,200
J'" 0.0.6201 3010 6,4\6 0,04817 2980 6,30'
34{j 0,06'96 l062 6,532 0,OS071 3036 6,H7
)00 0,06781 311 3 6,6' 3 0,05316 303" 6,483
360 0,07062 3162 6,6S0 0,05553 3142 6,564
400 a,onn 3211 6,762 0,05]8' 3193 6,64.
"2. 0,076.6 HS9 6, B}2 0,06004 :;_;" 2 6.712
,"0 0,07870 HOb. 6, ~OO 0,06224 3291 £, ,781
460 0,081)0 3J 5). 6,96, 0,06'39 !., 3) 39 6,8.g
460 0,oB3B8 3393 7,027 0,06650 ]3% 6,912
~O[) 0,086" 34• 5 7 I 087 O,06as8 3433 6,97"
51. 0,08895 3491 7,106 0,070H 34BO 7, oJ)
54 c 0,09145 3537 7,203 O,D7268 3527 I 7,09'
560 o,OB94 3583 7,259 O,OH71 H74 7,148
I 5-80 0,096'0 3619 7,31 ) 0.07672 3620 7,203
I 600 0,09BB5 367" 7,367 0,07870 3660 7,25)
i 62~ 0,1013 »20 7,419 0,08065 3713 7, J 10
64. 0, I 037 3766 7,'70 0,08260 3759 7;to 362
660 0,1061 38, 2 7,520 0,08'5. J805 7," 2
680 0, I o8S lB5S 7.570 O.0861j8 3852 7,46,
700 0.110-9 3905 7,618 0,08642 3aB 7,510
7% 0,1169 4021 7.735 0,09323 401] 7.529
BOO 0,1228 4101 7 ,8~8 0, O'9B IJ- 4136 7,742
8>0 0,1288 0261 7.958 Q, 1 027 un 7, B52
900 0, I) 46 4382 8.064 e , I 075 437B 7,95B
1000 0,1464 H2S 8,265 0,1170 ~6U 8,159 53

p r- it i s a k
60: bar 80 b.,
r emp • " i: B
0 m3- I~g " i
kJ I"g kJ/lkg Kj m~ Jkg .
kJ/kg >:JI i kg .)
0 0,000997 6,2 /
o , UDO 0,00099.
20 O~{lO{l999 89,4 I 8,2 -0 1000
40 If ~ 194 0,000998 91, J (]: ~ :l9'"
0" (1::01 003 172,8 0.5oS 0,001004 1)4,6
0. 0.0(1.1 {ll" 2,6. I 0,566
ao 0,896 0,00 I 013 257, B ",8lb
0,001026
j In,5 , , 070 :0 tOOl 025 34' ,2
"l , 06-8
100 O,OO10~G 423,3
1,30 1 0,00' 039 ''',9 1 ,299
120
0,001057 507,7 1,521 0,001056 509,1
140 1,519
D. '001 076- 592, (, I, ))2 0,001075 593,9
160 1,730
0,001098 678, " I .934 0,001097
180 0,0-0 I Ii:;. 679,6 I ,931
765,5 2,129 0,001122 7&6,7 2, In
200 O. OGll 52 8,4,0
! 2,320 0, 002250 855,0
220 0,001185 944,5 2,508 2,317
240 O,OO118l 9'5.1 2,504
O.OOlZ2~ 10)7 l' 6 . 2,693
260 0,00-1 i.2Z 1037,9 2,688
O,OO1172 113~, 8 , , 879 I
O.,OOllH 1 I)t.. 4 2, B))
280 O,OHIS
280) 5,923 0,001317 '235 I I.i.
3,059
300 0.03620 2B80 6,060
o , 021.t 2 9
320 0.03BB' 29011' 2784 5,788
6, I)) 0,02687 2874 S,943
3.0 0,0"'18
301 0 6,279 0,02904
l6, 0,043J" 295 \ 6,070
l06] (',371 O,Ol098 )01) (',177
)SO 0,04502 I ) \ 2 1 6,456
0,0]274 ]077 •. 2n
400. 0,04742 31)4 6,53> O. OJ43 B
J I 35 I 6,358
420 0,04935 l22 5 I r;;-t\~ ..... ,," 6:4)'9 ..
0,035% J 190
"0 0,0"2.
HIS 0,68, 0.03746- 324"
460 , 6,515
0,05309 3Jn 6,750 0+ {l3894 I 3'96
480 I 6. 588
0,0509" 3373 " B 15 u T DIJO 37 I
i l147 I 6,6)7
,00 0,05667 342 I !
6,8)S 0, DO, 77 1197 6.722
520 0,.05802 3.69 6,939
0-, Q4 31 5 )4. 7 6,7B5
5~0 0,0(,016 3$17 6.999
0.04449 )4% 6,846
560 0,06189 )~6" 7,056
580 I 0,0'S8l i 3 S-lt4 6.905
Q,06358 3611 7.1 I I 0, 04),6 JS91
.,96)
600 0,0652, 1658 7,165
620 o. 0"84~ )640 7,01 ~
0,06691 3705 7,:n 9' 0.04972 J6BB
640 1,071
0,0.855 315 I 7,171
"D. {lS09S 37)6 7,126
&60 0,07019 379$ t , )21
0,05225 )]84 7, 17e
680 0,07,83 38"6 7, ) 72
0,05350 18n 7 j 2- j o
700 0, "7347 3893 7,422
0,05' 7, laB, 7,260
750 0,0715\ 4;:n 2 7,542
0,05785 ~ o Q 2: 7,40 I
800 0,OB153 41 ):i'_
7,655 O,Ob092 4122
B50 1,515
0,0855' 4253 ) ,765 0,06398 42> 5 1,615
900 0,08S5)
4375 7, B 72 e .06700 4367 7,732
1 aGC .el,097-'1-0 4619
S.073 0,07295 0& l4 1,936 1

I.:: l:·

54

n e s t avek

pri t i uk. P I DO bar I ZO bar
toem;PT v .,: s v , I "
°c m 3/~g kJ/kg kJ/(kg K) m :l/k.g kJ/kg kJI (kg K)
0 0,000995 10, Z 0.000 0,00099-" 'F 2.:2 0, 000
20 0,000997 n,2 0, ~93 0,000996 95,1 0,293
40 0,001003 176, " 0,567 0,001002 ! 178,2 0,566
60 O,OD'012 259,6 0,82" o,o010n 261 ,4 , ,82)
ae 0,00'024 3'2,9 1 t 06 7 G. ~Hl1 023 344 ,6 t ,.066 I
~ ;
100 0,001038 ,26,5 I ,198 0,0010)7 '28, I 1 .2'96
120 0,001055 5 I 0,5 I ,51 B 0,00105" I 512: ,0 1 • S '! 6
I
"0 0,001074 595,3 l,n8 0,001073 I 596,7 1,721
160 c , (IO'ln95 68 I ,0 i ,919 I), tJOl 094 I 682, " I ,927
180 I), Q-O 1120 768,0 z • 12)- O. OG11 18 I 769, I Z , 1 2 ~
200 O. ~O-I 148 856,0 2,3," 0,001'''6 657,0 2: , 3 1 ~
220 o.OG~lfHl 945,8 2.500 O,OOll78 I 946 ,6 z,497
240 010012-'18 1038,3 2.68" 0.00 Ii i 6 10)8,7 2, GBO
160 O,OOI:1:6S 113",1 2,868 O.OOI2S~ 1133.9 1,80J
280 0, 00 132 1 \ 2)' ,5 l. 053 0,00 I 310 123 J ,7 3.046
I
JOD 0, 00 I 397 D'2.2 J,I" 0,001)8B I r )40.0 J ,2 J 5
liO n , o i 926 2778 5,705 0,00 i 4'33 ! 1-11 59."3 L" ~,
)'0 0.02 \ SO rars 5,8 t : 0.016-24 I 2789 5,667
)60 0,01)37 295B 6,002 0,01816 2891 5, BJ2
380 0,02'98 3028 6 11 I I 0,01973 I 2:971• 5,96)
~ 00 0.02646 3093 6,207 0,02113 30>9 6-,07 l
~ 1 0 e , 02184 3 I 5> 6,13" {l",022)'9 I 3 116 6,168
"" n , 02 915 J11: 1 6.377 0,02)57 3\ 77 io.2)6
460 n • Q 3 0 ~ 1: )166 6,45' 0,02471 3235 6, J 38
4BO 0" 3 I 63 H2O 6,527 0, 0257B I 1191 6,41 S
500 0,0) 28, 3371 6,596 00,02681 I n' 7 6,4B)
i
520 0.03397 31.t24 6.662 ",027B2 I )"00 b.556
S'. a. 0 J5 I 0 3' 7' 6.725 0,02BBO H5' 6.621
560 e , 036i I lS24 6,186 0,02976 350) 6,684
s ao 0,03730 H12 6.845 '.030) 0 3553 6.71,1,
.00 0,03837 J.n 6, go 1 o • 0 3 ~ 6 3 )603 s BO)
6,0 0,OJ9" )6]0 6,957 0,OJ'S3 J65J 6,859
640 0,04045 J719 7,01\ 0, OJ342 J7 0) 6,915
660 0,04149 )768 7,064 0, OJ'3 I J) 5) B.9H
.ao 0,0.252 )818 7. } u:. 0, OJ$l 9 3804 7.021
700 0,04354 )86] 7,167 0,03605 JB53 7,073
750 0,oH06 I 3989 7, lB9 -O.OJ82.o )977 J , \ 96
800 0,04856 4111 7,40. 0104031 4 I 02 7,314
850 D,0510} 4>}5 7,519 0,04240 4226 7,417
9GO 0.05)~7 4356 7,627 o,o.e.~46 435 , 7,5H
1 DOD 0,05829 HD6 7,832 0,04850 4600 7,7'1 55

ne s t .. yak

Pi it i §ilk P 140 b. , 160 bBe
temp. " i e " kJJkg k J Iitg
°c m JJkg kJ/kg kJ/lkg <I m} (kg KJ
a 0,000993 14,2 0,000 D,D~a99l 16,1 D,OOO
20 Q,0000995 96,9 0,293 Q, O-O{l9-9~ 98,9 '0.292
'0 0,001001 179,9 0,56. D.~HltOOO 1 B 1.7 0,565
60 0,001010 2G3,O 0, Bil O,OEiHl"Q9 164,7 G.811
80 O,OOHl22 3"6,2 1 • Ob~ O. !HJ-Hl2; )47.9 1 .063
100 0,001036 429, G I ,29, 0,0010]$ 4) 1 ,l 1 ,293
120 0,00105) 51 L4 It 514 0,00 i C 52 514,9 I • S 1 ~
140 O,OOlon 598,0 ! 1.724 Q.!JO 10.7 D 599," 1,721
100 (J. 00 I 093 6S),6 , 1 1925 0.00 H)SlI 6B4,9 1 ,921
, 80 0> flO 111 7 770,2 2 I 1 18 1].00' 1 ! 5 771. ] Z. 1 Hi
2 00 0,00 1144 ! B57.9 2, )08 0.00 I 14) 85'B, B
i 2. ]05
12, 0,001176 9' 7, J 2,49) 0,001 171~ 948.0 z t I.B~
200 O. GO 1 2 13 '039, I 2,67. '0,001210 'D 39, I 4,672
160 O. {IQ 1 257 \\3),B i,858 G.,{l(l125:J- I ~ , 33. 1 ',85 J
2Bo O.!]o{J 1 3 I I )232,5 3. 040 D. o o 1) 06 I 1-2JL} ) ,0] 5
!
)00 0.00\)80 lllB,O ] ,12. O. -C:HJ ~ 373 I 13)& .1 3.218-
I
3<0 IJ,OOI~79 1454. , 3.41) D.O{Hitf.f, I ; ~ ~ 9.8 J. ,4 ,
340 O.O'! 19-' 26 )1 5 . ~ 3/' a . {l 0 16 l t. I 1 ,.B(J T) 3,642
I
36u Q, 0 1-1,25 28 F 1 5. bS~ . __ .
n , D 1 HJ6 2JTI :. .45;-
380 u. 01588 l:.n4 5,81 ) (1-. o 1 289 I
i 78t, ) S, {'62
~OO 0,01]16 5,942 0-.01-42'9 I I
)CHHl 2 94 ~ S.8 I 6 I
I~ 2 0 0,01847 ] 077 6, OS' 0.0' 5 ~ 9 ) 031 S. '34 1
~40 0.0 1 ~57 J 1 .If ~ 6, I" o , 0-'655 3' 0) 6.04 (
.60 0,02-061 J2n) 6.2J3 G + D- 1752 J'1>9 6. 1}t.
480 0, (J2 1 58 3162 6. J 14 G,OtS4~ J233 6,22}
500 G, 02:2 52: J:;.n 6, J9' o , 0 i 9Hi 3291. s , 301
520 0,O<J~2 3316 6,401 o , 01 (J-' 2 3152 ,;. J))
5", {J.02:1,0).1 34 )" b. 52 9 0, uz 09"2 ) 40] 6,448
560 c . 02 ~ 1£ 3.~.2 ',594 1),02 t ; 1 i 3' 6' 6. S I)
5Bo {l T 02600 353' 6,656 0.02:2:4"3- J-~ I it 6. S 78
600 0.0'683 J 58S ,;, / 16 0.02] 12 35~ 7 6,£'40
I "20 D. oz 76 J 3037 6.77\ O.G2]9~ J610 6.701
640 0- T o 2R4 2. 16BB 6, B l' 0.01'65 lO7l 6.758 I
060 G. (li 919 3739 6.886 "," 535 J7I4 6. a '"
680 U.02995 3)90 6,9)9 0.0160) 3777 •. 869
700 0.03071 3841 ',992 0.0'67 I 3819 6,921
75. 0.n)258 39G. 7 I I I A 0,0183'9 J955 7,Olj9
sou 0,0)4>2 .on 7,21B O. o j ~(H 40S2 7.1'/1
8$' 0,0)624 1.1217 7, )52 0.0) \ 62 ~ 103 7.287
900 0,)80] 4343 7,46' 0,Ull2" 4})I 7,197
'000- 1).0415:? "593 7,667 O.O]lii28 4587 7,60) 56

o e a t av e
200 bar
prit~sak 180 bar e
r u u i kJ/ (kg 1<)
v i ml/kg U/kq
temp m~ Ik.-g kJ/kg kJ/ (kg '1
0,
0, OOO~~O 20,2 0,001
0,000991 18,2 0,001 102,6 0,291
0 o ,OO09H
0,000993 I 100,7 0,292 0, ,64
20 0,000999 185, J
O,OOOn9 18],5 Q,564 268,1 0,818
.0 D,00100e
266" 0,820
.0 {). 00 100'9' O~OOlO20 351,1 1 ,0&0
O,(HI1020 349,5 1,0&2
80
0,001033 H4,2 I I Z90
0,00103· 432,7 1,292 517,8 1, ,09
100 0,001050
0,001 OS 1 516,4 1 ,511
120 O,OQ1068 6n2,1 1 .719
0,0010.9 600,8 1,721
140 0,001089 687, • 1 ,919
0,001090 686,2 1,921 773,5 2.112
16" 0160 1112
O,OO'll~~ 771,' L111i
180
O,ODIIl9 860,6 2.299
o,o~n~4' 8S9,7 2,302 949,4 2,483
200 0,001170
Q, no 1 172 948,7 2,486 1040,3 2,6 6 ~
1.20 0,001205
O. C(J 1 2 c8 1 "39,9 2,668 113J.S 2.8113
'"0 0,00\247
D. 00 12SG 1133-;10 7 2,848
260 0,001296 1230,9 ),01]
n , GD qo 1 1231,6 3, OlB
280
\ D,001H9 1}33,2 ), 204
(f , 0 01 ~ Ed:' 133' ,6 Lilt J,394
)(lG OfOOI_~~4 1·442,9
O,o~:n45S '1446 I 3 3,40 )
)20 0,001569 1569,1 3;603
1576,6 3,620
J"O 0, {to 1 1)92 0, [}o1821, 1739 3, B7&
,,194
Jo 0 \ (:.008' G 2563 ~,ooB26 2651 I 5,) 09
l8·0 0, 0 1 0 ~ 2 27>9 S,496
0,00998 2816 s vs s 3
c . 0 1194 2884 5,HB
"00 0,01 H9 2928 5,719
0,0 ql4 2981 5,830 ,,847
.20 a ,oln' 3019
44t; o .0 I ~ F-g )062 5,94) 3 D98 5,956
6, D44 0, '0-1317
0+0 I S \2 3136 6, 055
46{i 6,137 0, [] 1 '+0 i 317"
~eG o • 0 ~ 5"9- 7 3203 \
0,01.78 3nS 6,144
0.01678 3167 1},22.1 3301 6,227
',,-(10 0,01550
0,0175> 3117 b,300 3J61 6,30'
\20 338' t ,37) O,OH·l9-
:;4 e ;).01830 0,01687 3418 6, )74
O,O190l )440 6, _ .. )474 6, .. 2
560 ",01752
o .",97 I )-9' 6,507
\8e
0,01816 3530 ",50B
D.Ozo~3 3549 6,5H 3586 6,571
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koJ i s e sa'toJ i l z l kg !luvog v e z d uhe p r t t I '!ita Psv ~ temperature t i xp kg p r e -

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+:r: (1,86·t+2500) °C~

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(I l'lf JIr,v··ul+x'

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HO ~ .62 1207 6.2. 1 ~ 60 1" \ ~ 6,2)
B~ 1,6--5 12 SO 6,39 1 .6)
340 1155 6, )6
1,&8 1293 6,51 1.6f 1197 6, .8
350 1,71 1316 6,64 1 ,70 13_. 6,60
)60 1.16 1) 80 6.76 \ ,) 3 lJBJ 6.72
370 1,81 1 ~25 6,88 1,77 1 '-126 6,84
380 1 .ss 147" 6,99 l,el 1471 6,9S
390 I ,91 1517 7,12 1, C6 15 I s 7, n7
.00 I .96 1565 7,2' 1 19 i I 1563
420 2, OR 166, 7,19
~40 2,23 17(,~ 7, ~9 2 I 0 '! If. 6 0 7, "3
~&O 7,74 2,12 1761 7,67
,80 1: I ~o 1 e75 7,98 "1., '1.7 1862 7, ~o
2, &} I ge3 e,21 2,1) 1962 B, 1 2
500 z_ r ~7 209 I e. hI, 2,61 2\l6'J 8, J2
520 L16 2.19[, n.!' 5 2,82 215-6 e,52
540 3.49 2294 8 I 811 J. 05 2 148 8.69
56' 3, S) 13f!5 ~ ,on l,31 2 3J' e.8$
p . 800 "U ~ e 90G b. r
3 \ 0 I ISiJ 11 U~ (! ,04 1,51 1 I ~ e {s,oz
)20 1,57 t 12~ (,n 1,5.5 11)7 f}ll5
330 1159 Inn
340 1,61 f,,){J I ,5) I) 76 f" 'l7
1 ~ll'J (.,11 I .s 0 1315 ~, }~
350 1 ,65 1 3 J~ 'J 6, S3 I ,') 1355 &, S(}
)60 1 ,6~ n·S1- " ,(,1< I ,&" lBf ", (l
370 1.71 I 1432 6,7t- I ,6~ 1 ~ J7 !J,73
laO 1 ,75 14 7 ~ G,87 1,73 1 47~ !J , 13 ~
390 t .7 .... 1 S 19 (',99 1 ;. 7'-. lsn 6, ?>
uoo E.8) 156( 7,1(> 1, on 1 5~~ ) , 06
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~4D l.,(l{\ 175< 7,56
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460 2 ,~9 I r;~2 717r..
480 .03 H'S1 7,72
2.10 Ig .. 7.~~ 2,12 i ~ I~ C 7,92
500 ',32 i 20)2 .6.JG
52" 2,4. J 21 18 2, ZIt 20Z~ B. 1 0
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r . 1 GDD OM , . , IO(] b"
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330 ! • S6 "lz.el, (',2 S I ,5 ~ 1294 ~, 22
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J 70 I ,~7 11>4;; &,70 1 165 1 4 ~ B 6,67
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39D \ ,7- 1527 6,91 1 + 7\ ~ 50 J ~ 6 j E!t;J
400 1,77 lsn 7,0) 1 .74 1576
420 1 ,84 1666 7,H I • ao 7,00
140 ; .~n \b70 7,23
1760 7 1 ~ B I ,87 1764 7,45
I~o 1,98 I a5 2 7,~8 1.94 1853 7,65
_Bo Z, a 7 193 B 7,87 2,01 I 1931 7, ~3
500 2, \6 2. c 1\ S I- 05 2,10 2019 e,o I
520 2, 'f 210;- e,22 2, 19 209? B, 1 7
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2181 B,37 4,28 j 2177 S, )2
560 2, ,8 2.260 8,52 2, )8 21-::5 B, ,6 74

rob.l. ~,~.} - SPEC1Flt~~ TOPLOTA AMONIJA~A PRI

1 bar

T, • JOO HO J~O J60 J80 ~OO ~~O HO
.p' ~J/(kg·.l 2. J 58 2,170 2,192 2-,221 2 I lS.It- 2,287 2,322 2,357
T, I< ~H ~'aO SOD 520 5~0 560 580
0p' ut(kg' .) 2,393 2 ,~J 2 ,~67 2, SOl.! 2 ,5~0 2,571 2,613 T.b.l. ~.'.' • Dl~AMIC.A V1SKOZNOST AMONIJAKA NA LIN1JI ZASICENJA

, u •• 1 0 Ii lI"·lo.' t \. I. IDs \ J.I".'I'l!.
or Pa· s fla·5 Or PII' " Pa· -s
30 13,600 1,01S 100 6,400 I 1 ,3~5
~O 12,480 1. \ I 5 110 5,HO 1 .~70
50 1',HO 1,155 120 ~ .8~O 1 ,GIS
60 10,300 1,200 n5 4,370 1.760
70 '9,22"0- 1 ,245 13. l,7 }O 2,020
BO B,26. I + 190 131 ,5 3, J I 0 1- + 250
90 7,320 1 ,335 132 ,4 2 I 61 0 2. ,61 0 T.b.l. ~.4.S - TERMICKA PROVODNO$T TECNOG AMON1JAKA NA L1HIJI ZAS1CENJA

~. lOO J.~~. 310 3' 5 310 325 J30 335
-
~~:'J/(III.I() 470 ! "57 "'5 435 "24 "3 "03 391
fu' 340 ! 3'5 l350 J55 J60 370 380
O\~_:~ .. ~
;i9i-169- I 356 )45 335 } 15 289 1.;1,borlill 4 ...... b - TERMtCKA PRO'.J-UDNOST AMONIJAKA PRI P .>= 'I b e r

T )"ln1 r A' Hi' T ~. Hl-:i T x . 101
• 1,,11 (m·1() • U!(~'K) 0 u! (".K) • WI (m' 0)
20. 15, ) 270 21 .s J'O 29 ,'! ~2D 40,'
210 IE. .1 ao 22,6 J50 30 .~ ~40 ~), 5
220 17 ,~ 2~0 :n,~6 J~O J1 ,6 ~60 H,3
no 17,8 300 2~, 7 370 32 ,8 ~80 ~9, 2
240 1 a. to 310 26.10 380 3"" ,-Il- 500 52,5
250 19,6 320 27,2 390 35,2 sso 55,4
260 10,6 )30 28,2 He 37 ,0 600 67,0 75

',5 - FREON - 11. MONOFLUORTRIHLORMETAN (CFC I))

Cklj~ 1-3.7 °c (pre; p '" ,. e t m ) ;

r:xr" c9B "t ; '-'kr'" 1,805,10-") ml/k-g

/oJ ., 137,39 kg/kmo1 ~

Tab.l. ~,S,1 - VELltlNE STANJA FREONA -11 NA LINIJI ZASICENJA

, p I u -, I n ~ \ ." I i I c: i r- I e I s '
ue 0" , m~ lKIJ I tdh:-g I kJ I {k!] '1",)
-LO 0,012]9 0, ('O(](, 10,07 o ~"9, 0'3 ~ 59, e 1 2 t o ~ t : I (I,72?t;i ! I .7785
~ 5 0 O,02L'7 0, ~08~ 5,094 '57,31 604.72 2: 0 7 , ~I n 1) ,B176 , I ,6560
-I.:;, 0,03702 Q, b 1 i 4 3, 721 461 ,47 f") ,20 ZQ'S,n O,e'to , * 7 -"7:f:
-40 O~O~G~D 0,61&, 1,76 J ~65 ,&C:; &6~, 71 204,06 01 86 ~:2: 1,7B4
- 38 O,057bO o , 6180 ,,4bJ 467, J J 67(l ,7 Z 20) , 2") 0, -B.] 1 4 1,73»
-1& \l.06lI99 0,619/ "1.200 ~ (, 9 ! Q:l 671,n ~{j Z j 72- 0,8785- 1,7333
-3i.1 O,O-73\t, U. 62"13- 1. '9-71 1,70,71 672,75 2G:i,G!1 0,105(. 1 • ) JO.
-]0 0,0920£ o , 62 til I ,59 I 4 7 ~ , 10 f, 7 ~ • 7 ~ :: 0 0, (,S 0.8':'-:'7 1,7250
-2B 0.1021) G,GH'£' 1,4). 475.80 675. e 1 Z{la,(ll 0,3066 1,7225
-2" () , ~ 149 0,6281 ~ • "295 477. 51 e16,84 ~ ': '.1 > ) ) 0,913(, 1 ,7101
-2, 0, 1 2:7~ 0,6298 1,17l 479,21 "77, £7 I 9 tJ • f.~, Q, 910~ l.nH
-22 0, Ilj 21 0,631( I ,u62 ,SO,53 678.:30 \ 97 ,~? GjS2.7] I , ) I ,0
-10 O. t 5-76 O,6Hl ",9647 481,6~ 6 7~, 19 ~:17 .1,9 o • 9 3 ~"I 1 ,7134
- I B 0.1745 o , 63 5 I 0,677 S .84,36 680,96 1%.<, 0,94 0 9 1, n ~~
- '6 o,In8 0,6369 0.80.0 't 486. 0 s o81,OC 195 I '32 a ,3~76 I,H95
~ I 4 0,2126 0, &187 c , 7)0 5 \ 8), el 6:83.04 195.23 o , 951.;:J. tJ.707E.
-I, Q,2341 0, (1)0 5 '1'.6681 489,54 s 84, 08 1 9 ~ , 5 J O.9~O9 1,7050
-10 0,2 S 73 0,6423 O,fd 20 4S I, Z8 685, \ 1. 19) , 8~ 0, g6 7, 1,7041
-3 £I .181,~ 0: ,6-44' 0,5& 14 4S 1, 0; 686, 16 1 ~3, II; 0,97' I I j 7025-
-6 c , )093 O,646G- e , S I 59 434.16 6&7.20 i s a , ":' 0, ge06 I ,7010
-4 0, J)84 i O,6lj80 0,4747 496,50 OSa,25 1 9 i ~ 75 0,987 I 1 ,f 93,
-2 O,J6% 0,""98 G,'d71i 498,25 689,29 191 ,Q~ 0,9936 1 ,6~Bl 76

n.;1:S r e v a k

r. P t' ~ ~ 1 0 ~ 0" i- ' ';" r . ' ."
0 014030 0.6507 'O~~O37 500,00 690, 3~ 190,34 1 r \lOGO 1.69H
z o ,~3B B 0,65)6 0,1730 I 50 1.75 691, J e I B9;1o 63 \,006, 1,6956
4 0.4771 0.6556 0.4351 503.50 on,.3 ! 88.93 1 .0 ILl 1,6944
6 o , 51 B 1 Q.6576 0,3197 505. ;26 693,47 188,22 1.0190 ! ,6932
6 O,S6! 7 0, b 59 6 0,2966 507 I 02 694.52 187.50 , ,0253 1.6922
10 0,6083 01 6f.l t- 0,2755 5{l B. 77 695,56 166,79 1 ,03! 5 1 169' 2-
0.66)) 0,2561 510,54 6~6. 61 ! B6, 07 I 1,0 )77 I 16902
' 1 '0 t 6 5]';;1- I
1. G. n 06 0, 66S) o • 2) B ~ 51l. )0 6~7. 6 5 1 8S.]I 1"11)43[; , ,6B93
16 0.7666 0,6678 0,2222 51i-l,C7 69B,70 ! 84 ,6) 1.0'-199 , ,6865
18 0,8261 o .6700 G I 2.073- s I 5 I B'" 6~5. ]I, i 183,90 I t 05&0 1,6877
10 0, B~J \ Q, 672:! o , 1 936 I 5 \ 7,61 700,7 B 18). + 17 1-.0621 1,6869
i 1 .068 \ 1,666t
H u • ~5S8 0,6)4) I 0, I BHI 50 1 '9.39 7{l1 ,82: \ 82. 4l
" 1 ,026 Q.676) a • "9 ~ ~21 .17 70l, B6 1 B 1.69 1,0741 1 .6B55
n I I 101 o .67 O{ o , 1587 522. I 91) 70). ~ '9-0 i So I 9S I ,otoo I 1 .6:81t9
18 , I Fao 0,6609- o 11 "'8B 5 2~. 73 70jl.93 180,2. i f oil-5~ \ 1 ,6B4 3
:J.G ~ • 263- '0. r:,83:2' 0.1)97 ~2.£. 5-i: 7{lS I 97 179 ,.It S l,0911:l I .6G3B
H I .350 [J.6855 o,n.n 5zn,) , 7Q7 I 00 \ 176.69 10977 1 , ~83J
34 I • 4 ~ 2 0, £-87 S O. 1733 ~3 0.10 )oS,O) \)7.93 I ~ 1 035 1 ,6B2B
3G , • 51~ u , 6~lIn o I I 16 i 531 .90 709. o 5 '177,16 I ,1093 I .66 2 ~
3 C l. 64 1 0, ~9 25 0, I 093 5J),70 71(l,06 11&,3B 1.115\ I I 6B~(l
40 1 I ] ~e 0,6949 0, \ 0 s c ~3S. 5 D 71 I • I I} 17~, 60 i,12:08 1 r6816
., 1 ,Bt:.G 0, B97l 0.097' 9 5)7.)1 7Q,I2 174,6' I I 1266 i ,681'
'" 1.978 o .6998 0.09174 ~39 112 713,13 174.0 i 1,132) 1.6809
4. 1. j 10 Z 0,7(;23 '0,08667 540.9) 711, ,. 17J ,21 1.1380 1 ,6806
4B 2.,2) i 0.7046 0, 08194 Slt 2.75 115.15 172,40 1 , 1 ~ 36 I ,6 BO ~
50 z , J60 0, )07) o ~ o i7 s 2 ~~ '-I I 5 7 ] I G I 15 171. S8 \ ,1491 \ ,6802
52 '.509 (]; > 7(199 (1,07338 51.j (, I ~ o 7>1, 15 170.7S- I, 15" 8 \ .6799
5- 1,6-SS 0,7125 'J.069$:2 51,8 I 23- )l B, I 5 \ 69,91 I 1 I 160-'1 1 ,&797
56 " BID 0.71 S I 0,06590 550,07 719,14 169,01 1. I ~5~ 1 ,6796
50 2.971 0,7 I 78 0, -06251 5-51 .91 7ZG,1:I' 168,21 \ , 17 \ 5 I ,679'
60 ). 138 0+ 720S G.G5932 ,5), )6 721 ,11 I Eo 7 , ~:; 1.177' I t6793
70 4.oB8 0,73.6 O.O.bOB 5~ 3., QG 725,9) \ 62, H1 l,2(llj;l \ ,678B
80 5. 2.0 o .7'n O,OJ62£ S7 Z, 52 7)0.&1 ~ s.s ,OS' I ,23 I 0 \ ,6787
90 6,619 0.7060 {l,02884 582, I J 731,1" i 52.97 \ ,257. 1,6787
100 B,253- u , 1Bl B a. il231 ~ 591,9) 733,39 147,4G \ .2835 \ l,61B6
I 10 10,168 0,8034 I 0,01872 bQ\ ,93 14),4) 141,50 1, )092 1 ,6785
120 12.393 0,8252 0.01523 612,16 741.19 135,0) 1.B4b \ ,6)80
\
130 1'.959 J 0.8' 99 0,0 1t"~ I 622,61 750.60 1:Z 7 f '9'7 i .3596 i ,6771
1.0 \].896 0.67B' o .010 i ~ 633,38 75),60 110,22 1.3B43 1,6153 /

Le b e l a ~ ,5..2 - VELICIIjE STANJA PREGREJANE PARE FREONA - II

00 m ~k9 kJn~ kJJ (kg, K) m )/kg kJJkg kJ/lkg'¥')
P . 0,0) bac p . 0.05 b.,
~40 ',696 669, )6 1.7716 2, B\" 669,72 t ,,4'Cl5
~JO 4. ass 6) 4.91 1,7932 2:,336 &74.87 1.1022
-20 S, '00 HO,17 1 ,;J I ~1t ). OS) 680 t 1 4 \ ,lB)'
- \ 0 5, jOl 685.53 1 ~ 83 S 2 ).1) 3 6e5.50 I .8042
-~ 5.5.' 690.99 , I BS 55 ).300 <90.95 1,8:n,S
10 5.) "I 696.54 'I ,87 S J 3,JI2.? 696. ,0 I .844,
20 s , 90? 702.17 1 ,8~~O J.,' ) 7 D 2. I 1 j~ \ • 80 «o
)0 6, I I I lD 7, B9 1,:..t14:2: 3.6f,.I. 707. CC I,af),
.0 c , J 13 7l 3. &"9- 1.93)0 J.7O(, 71 J.to 1 .9.(; ~ I
5D ('.51 :; 719~S7 1 • 951 ~ 8.907 7, '] I '5 ~ l,-g205
60 6.7\ 7 725.52 1 .~(:'::} ~;O28 72:'.4'3 I ,So :18]
70 6, ;n') 731.54 f,'3S"/S 4. 150 73 ~ , ~>;: I ,:J ~G5
Co 7,12 t 737.64 2- I 0 G5{l 4.27 I 7 ) 7 • (:, ~ I. :J74C
90 7. 323 )43,7? 2..0:2:( 1 i., 3 ~7 71,). 77 I ,9? I 2
100 7 ,~2~' 7~O I 0 1 2.,0-3,)0 1,.:; 1 4 711~, ~9 :2 ,0 G 31
I 10 t.ir: 756 t 2~ Z ,05 SG ~ ,G 3 S 75(..27 l j 0147
12' 7. ~'9 762,62 :.l:,072[1 4,756 )62.60 z , ~41::.
I)" 8 I 131 769,0\ 2,OS8v 4, en ]f,b,9~ ;:.D571
140 B,333 77S,46 z , If' 3 t) 4. ~:1'3 77;;,44 2_. D7::3
1 SU 8. 53~ 7B 1 • ~5 Z, 1 I ~ '3 5.1" 78·\ , ~3 2_ , ~ 3 8.i,
1 (,u 8,7)7 786. ~ 9 1, , ]46 1:,:2:1,\ IS e,-7 2. '0))
1 70 s , ~3-g 795.0) 2 , t 4 96 5.)62 79 S ,0(, 2.1 12.7
18e 9.140 so 1,70 2> l6 4~ 5,1-133 80- \ ,6,? 2. 13 JS
190 9,3'-12 008,38 2_ ,l7:Hl 5,':0, fiOE.36 2. "EO
z c u 9. ,4. 815,09 :;:,19) 3 5.7,6 S 15.07 2.16,"
210 9.74" 8.21 J 84 2.2075 5, B4 7 811.82 .2,178 S
27.0 9,91.j!:j B2B,H z , 2 Z I " 5.%8 a 22, E. 1 .2.1904
230 10, 15 635, •• 2..2 3~) I 6-. {J 8~ S3'.J I 4 ... 2.20~1
240 I" .35 s." J 1 2,248[' s , 2 ~ D 842.3D Z ,2176
'50 10.55 849,11 2.2619 " }32 B~9. 20 2,2309 77

7&

t " J i _I . " i .
p . 0, I b a r r • 0,2 bor
-20 t • ,2:5 [ oBO,a4 I, i" i 2- I
-10 1 I 58£ 625,41 \ '" 7620 O,78S4 65,,22 1,7196
0 I ,6'7 690, S7 I, H14 0,610 I 690,£9 I ,7 ~OO
10 1,708 6~~, 42 i ,80n 0, aso 7 690,1 S 1,7f..{l-D
LO 1,769 702-,06 i ,81 \ 9 01 B81" 7 01,90 1,7796
30 I, S19 7 ~7. 7 8 1,8" \ o , 9-\\ s 7Q7.63 1,7959
_0 ~ ~ -6 '3 c 71),59 I 1860 Q 0,9425 7 \),44 \,8177
so \ ,95\ 7\9, '7 1, B785 O,9BI ]i~.B 1 ~ B361
,0 2,011 115,43 1,6960 I I UOli 72~,Z9 1 ,8544
70 1,07J 7}I,40 1 ,9144 1,034 731, )1 1 ,B122
8, 2.,11J ))7,55 1 1931 S \ ,005 7)),4, \ ,6891
90 1_ • 194 7"3", 7 \ 1 • 9-:'91 1,09; 143, 59 1,3010
10" 2,255 749,9) \,90£" 1 I I Z6 71!~. 82 \ ,~n9
\\J '2 t J 16 ) 56.21 1 ,'9-S-U" 1 , i 56 756,10 1,9405
\20 1, J)f. 7 6~. 5 S 1,9990 i , i 8) 762,44 , ,9568
'3D 2,417 _l6S.9' 2,0150 1 ,211 708, B4 l,9H9
140 2,49B 77 5, J9 2.030 J 1 I "lis; 1"15 ,2~ I ,98S7
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\60 Z ,0 I ~ 788,42 2 I 01) 16 I ,308 788,1) Z, 0 1~,
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190 z ~ 8 0 I S06, J 2 :1:. 1 e 6 0 l,l.dHl ae s , 2l Z. cs 39
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no 2,9 J J 826,58 2: j litS" I ,491 82B,50 2, 1063
lJO l. a •• 8J 5, \ 0 1;,1621 1 • S2. 'I 835, ») ;1:, , 2.01
240 J, 104 8",27 ! 2, 175~ l .552 a'2,19 I 2, I)].
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t ,76:::(J
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DIN~MltKA VlSKOZNOST FREONA - \1 U GASOVITOM STANJU PRl P • 1 b.,

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lJ GASOV!TOM STANJU PRI P " I "or

t e bet e 4.5., - TERMICKA PROVODNOST FREONA - 11 U TEt NOM 5T ANJ u

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r.b.l. 4.6.\ - VELJtlNE ST~NJA FREONA - 12 NA LINIJI ZASlCENJA

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46 11. I a «. n I 33 O.Ollj/'i:J 5'~ 5.7 '2 673,56 1 Z7, R4 1.15 31 1 ,55)6
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"t a b e l e ',6,2 - V~LICIHE STANJA PREGREJANE PARE FREONA - 12

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23 s , n 5 I eo , 0) 160, o.

2 S 1,2 I

f! 12, 2t.

) s e , 76 ), e I ZO 2 ~ 7 ,0 Z

410,31

397,75

')8,6S 6H,~5 401:.,1 Z

31 !J.

2.81

150 24) lJ3

1 9 ~

2J 4, S 260,8 260 J~6 2)4

~ 2 l • (,

) 1 0,6

H"ll :308

f 1, H 280

bC., J 1 ~v)

"t

3 5, ~: . 2 6,

18, n

110,7

36, S

-11-;:.03 2. 7}

s s , ~9 6 351

I 46, ~4

2257. C

7:J,5S

I o a , 02-

276, J J

98, )9 96, )

S6,67

,.8,%

.]:2:. en

'13':43J 1

37',15

221 ,2.~

)D &.75

112

F1Z1CKE OSOB1NE TECKOSTI (II)

T.b .. 1 a S,2
~ 'P ., 0 s j '10'
t P "p
T t C u 0 S T DC kO/1':I 1 kJ/lkg'K) WI (~'K) Pi:!· !S 1/'
2,10 0,17 0, )31 14)
20 791
AC:e: ton 0, \ G l -
,0 7,b 2,2S
0 lO:n 2,0) OJ 18t 10,20
Itl"ll lin OJ i 82- ',' 0 85,5
20 1HZ 2. t 07
50 999 2 I 14 0,177 1, BO
100 952 2,32 0, H7 0, eO
2,06 0,1165 0,529 i 2,
20 751
3-eflZ" I n. - G + Itl\
.0 735 2, I;
60 7'7 2,24 - 0,328
100 60 \ Z,lp:' 0, 1005 0,225
.... \ ,7JB 0,154 o ,Os 1<4
ll-.nzo I 20 879
0 en ', 2,29/ 0, \ 85 1.78
Etlla~kDhgl
20 )89 2:~S 0,18) 1,19
50 - 2,81 0, \76 0, &95
20 '11 '3 2, )B2 0,2SB 1,. '3'.0
-EtjlenlJlh.o~ 2,414 9,1 J
'0 1O?!l
60 10 B5 2,562 - ~ .95
B. 1'J70 l,b,SO - ),02
100 10S6 2,742 0,269 1,99
\160 2,35 - I _eo I 53
G! i c e e- in 20
0,28) 180
;0 'I2.a. ~ 2 ~ '5 0
100 120B 2,79 0,289 13
200 I O~O ),) 4 - C I 2-1 --
0 610 2,43 Q.:Z 1 4 0, BIB
"Ii: t I 1,.\ ko'ho-I Q 1212 e , ~S5
20 792 2,47
50 1£5 l ~ 56 - D ,!.tOil
2. Q-O - \.49 100
2C :E 19
Pt::t r c I c,i 2,1. 0.1114 O,95b
,0 ~O 1
100 766 2, )8 o t' Oit2 Q,545
200 H5 2,89 0,0891 0,262
0 as; 1 '~l 0,1'0 0,7t8
"fa I c c I
867 ,,- ,-67 .,135 e , S86 109,9
20
5D e39 I,;,!O 0, 117 0, "'2'0
100 79~ . 1,97 c , t It:. D, 0,271
'20 '''~~ 0,95. - 0,56
T r i h lore! l i I e n
So - 0,138 0,45
I ,85 0,1)0 19. 7~ 0)
U \ j ~ + r: •• ;r; I vc 25 no
sc 9" 1,94) 0,1 La 4',9
75 896 2..041 O,llS 15,&
100 880 2,136 I;) ~ i 2"3 !io.72
660 1,918 0114:3 2" I lil 69· ,
Vi j;;,. r r a n s f (lorm.to:rt-~O 25
50 a~ 5 2, O~3 'Il-.t 22 'lt90
75 .S" i,169 [I. l20 l<,77
100 620 2,29' 0,117 3,02 -) Pr;

t - 20- "c

113

T.b.1. 5.l - F1Z1CKE OSOB1NE TECN1H METALA

" E T A L t • ), ap a' 1 06- .., '1 De. Pl" 1 02-
0, kg/!rl3 ~/1'"'Kl JI 1"9' K) 1'll2/ s 1f'I~ I s -
U i z mu t ,60 10050 ",55 1 5 I ,0 9,20 18,0 1,88
300 10030 14,6> 151,0 9,66 17, I 1,77
400 9910 15,60 151,0 10, •• i.e.t'l 1,36
500 97BS 16,52 151,0 11,20 12,2 1, .9
600 9660 17, lZ 151 to 11,90 10,8 o ~ ~n
700 9530 1 e. 28 i 5' t {I 12,70 9.8 0,17
r---::-.--. 240 6985 30,50 255,0 17,10 21,) 1,60
Ka I a j
JOo 6940 31,60 255,0 17,85 ,4,1 1,35
400 6865 33, ~G 255 I Q 1 s ,20 :ZO 11 I, OS
500 6790 35,5" 255 I 0 20,5 17 I 4 0, B5
600 6720 37,40 25>,0 21, B 15,6 0,72
70. 6640 39.40 2.55. o 23,2 14, J n.62
1'..1:1 1 ~ j urn 100 818 '-If,. S 817 69, S 56 ,I 0,81
200 795 i.1f), [1 79Z H,~ '2,8 0,59
)00 773 '),11 775 7>,5 l5,2 0,19
400 750 )9,6 766 69,0 29, a 0,43
500 727 34,9 766 &2,5 25,7 0, ~ 1
600 704 31 ," 770 57.3 22,1 0, )9
700 &61 20, ) 775 53,6 :1 0 ~ S n ,JB
Legur a 13" 10570 I 0 ~ 95 1 ij 7,0 7.05 31 ,4 4,50
(55, S% e 1 1 20a 10186 11 ,75 1'7,0 7,ol 24,3 311 'S-
t. II ~ 5% Ph) 300 10)64 12,H P17.0 e,3' 1 B, t ~ ",I' ~
• 00 10242 \ 3,72 1, 7,0 9,10 15..7 1,73
ttoplj''' 1 23,5 °0 500 1 tJ.l 20 1 ~ ,&5 PI], o 9,23 1 s , 6 . 1,39
1670 o( GOO lCHHlLl 15, .sz 147,0 1 n, BO 12,4 l,IS
tk I j . "
7 '" 9Bn 16,75- Ilt7,O \ \ ,)" I I ,4 1 ,0 I
lit i j um ZO{l SIS i,(., 1 0 415,0 z i ,« 111,0 s.. 1 ~
3DO 50') 116.70 42~, 0 2. 1 ,e 92.7 ',2 S
400 4~5 IQ.10 ~ j. ~ '" D 2Z,0 B \ , ) 3,7'
600 " ]!, 4 B, 00 451, D 22, j. 66,8 2,9S
70" '-Iu$ I~ 8 , (,{} 460,0 2Z,7 (1,7 2,72 ..
Na t r ijum 100 928 C6,1 1385 67, n 77,0 1 ,15
'0" 903 81,6 1325 68, , SO ,6 O,H
300 87::; 7S.5 l 2 BO b7, i 39,4 0,59
1'00 354 6£,3 i "l7'J 53,S :;'3 to 0,52
500 6'9 6 J, 9 12. 7D 60,3 28,9 I 0, ~B
600 SO!) 60,6 1275 58,5 25~7 0,14
70~ 760 59,1 1275 59,' 2),2 0,39
o ~ ov o 400 i 0592 1 -5,12; 14~, 0 9,6, 21 .0 2,18
SOO 10476 t ~,j, 5 1 "8,0 "i D. 00 17. s 1,7,
('00 10)60 15,95 148. D 10,40 15,3 1,47
700 1 :lZ42 17,70 146, o 11 170 1 ~,7 1 ,17
BOO 10125 19,8:0 1 4 8 ~ i) 13,20 12, ; 0,95
2. Vol! 0 13590 7, BO 1 IJO I 0 l',I2- 1:l.4 3,02
; 00 1) )50 9,08 ll7,o ',97 9,' 1 ,89
200 113 \ 0 10,35 Q7,0 ,,6 B e,O 1 ~ 39
3tHl 12"BCD \1,63 137,0 6,.0 7,1 I,oe
400 1 nOD 12,6, 1 J7 ,5 1,n 6,6 0,91
,00 12'SO 13, J5 1 3B, {l 7,75 6,2 o , Sn 114

115

6.

i';VRSTE MIITERIJE

Te b el a 6.1 ' KOEFICIJENT LlNEARNOG SIRENJA, SPECIFICNE TOPLOTE PROVODNQST NEK1H METALA

'l ab e l a 6. I ' FIZICKE OS021NE tVRSTlH KEMIJSKIH ELEMENATA

!{oEf. ~ t n e a r no n SpecinCIiC s.o e f. pr-ov o dj enj <I
;S i r-e n] e topl O[~
Nl\l ~ V , 01HAKA t op t o r e
t ju[I~. 1 D ~ t o I ,t t
0'0 ,
°c 11K "c kJ/lkg·Kj kJ/(kg'K) DC v ) (m· K)
lil umi n i j u rn {AI) '13D i '0.0)43 ~ 2 0 G I 0,314 0.687 I
I -190 ZS5 I 8(,0
'100 ~O.OL2{l -100 0,733 0,811 0
2-2. t , III
50 010117 0 0, B79 - 'DC
2.2g.. 111
100 O,023B 20 0,896 o , CBS 300 !
222.133
200 Q t 049Q 100 0,938 0,909 uo u i
125,60 ...
3DO 0,0765 200 O. '98J, 0.9 )L,
, ,
400 o t 1 060 300 1,{Hl9 ,
o ,~55 ,
500 0,1)70 ,00 1 • I} ~ 3 o > 971 I
600 a. 1 lQn 500 1,089 0.93;:
i"'nt~mon (Sb) 50 o , uo ao .. t u 0 : 0,193 --T--~"'-
012111 -190 iO,g3\
lOO 01 {] 175 0 0,206 - - 1 0 ~
19,190
200 0,030" z o O.2oB G.207 0
17,678
300 D,05es 100 o , z I 2 Q. 2D~ loa !G, ~81
Idl{l o , (noo 300 (I,1z6 o , :116 )00
\ 5, B\ 7
s o o l:fl,6{l8
Sakai" (Cu) -~ ---
-253 ~O. 2S7 ~20El 0, H:, 7 El.327 -18n 464,{):n
-190 -0.2.-65 -10(1- o I 31~ 3 1),364 -lOO ljCl7 tOSO
-100 -0,01 :;S 0 0,379 - 0 3a~, 1 H,
\ 00 0,0 Hi 5 20 0,)8 ) 0,381 100
319, \)8
20" c .o s as 100 0.3961 0, )88 200
373 1)23
)00 0,0515 200 0,40, 0,397 40 D )6',019
i
~O" {l ~ 0707 lOU I 0,416 {} I 40 1 &00
I }53,552
S~O a .1J'.:H14 '+00 0,427 (l.4(]c
"on c , 11 0;:1 1}{l1J 0,439 0,408
----.- .. -~.--~~--.-.--- 800 i 0, ~ 6 9 0, ~27
c ~ n-k 1'0) -190 -0. o i as ~ -----
0," 3 0,3" 3 -HlO 115.137
100 n , 0 165 "1 DO (),356 0, J6B 0
212, B1 I
0 0, )81 - 100 E 09 I 904
20 0,385 u J 38 I 200 .05,0::.3
100 0,398 0,389 300 lGl,l!:lC
,OD o .« " 1:l.398
I )00 D,420
400 Q • .lt61 0.419 a u s t t rrn Itoef,llne- t e epe r a> TQplnta ~--ef\1plI!:tatlJ:ra Te p l c t a
p<J ZOOt u r no q :;; i - tU"-OI tcp\ j enj e kl J .... z.e nj e 1 :sp-ilIravl!lnJa
Ozn~ki'l r e n ] a t o p l j e n] 0
E I emil!: I'l a , o IlZ .to' t: ]Ie t ~
kg/ml 1/K °c kJ/kg "c kJ/kg
Alum~nljum AI 2700 0,02)7 658 355,9 2270 1 \ 723
An timon Sb ~690 0,0 \ ro 0}0,5 i 67.5 \ 640 n~6
Oak,:. r Co 8930 . Q. (] l66 1 (]B3 209,3 23)' 46'7
Ued 1 ijU.1i1 aft lS50 c , 0130 \ 17B 1 '27, I 3\1{]0 24B~8
B i zmu t Ei 9800 0,0135 271 5~, 43 1500 8)7
Cink Zn 7130 n , {l1.90 ~, ~,\ 112. L ~O7 1 BoO
Fo"5 for • I B20 0,1250 4\, I in ~ 7 1.S0 16]5
G\foldje Fe 7860 0,0 I ZJ 1530 272,1 2500 6)64
Hr om C, 7100 (].00.80 , 600 2"9-3 I 1 2 ... 00 615~
~ I' I d i j u m " z z s e c Q ,OG5 1454 - :.4BOQ 3894
Jod J 4930 0, 09)0 113.5 - 185 335
Kadmijum cd %'0 G~03"(Hl ,20,9 54,43 767 1005
Ke l a ] s n 728" 0,0270 l;1,9 58,6 1,00 2596
xe l cl j urr, c. , 540 0, Q 2. 50 851 )28,7 l~OO 4 \ 87
Ka Ii J urn • 862 0,0830 63 5\,43 )60 2052
Kobe It c.o ason 0,0123 1 '-190 280 ~ I) 3~OO 6490
L i tij lim L; 53' o , a 560 \ 80 138,2 1\00 i 1353
Magnl"J;t i j urn "0 1740 O. Gi60 650 :;2 (J 9 ~ 3 1110 5~5Z
M.arlga.., Mn 1300 0,02 )0 1250 251 ,2 21 Gil ~ \ 87
M.e 1 I bd en "0 10200 O. Q05() 2600 - 3560 7118
He te Lj u m N. 971 0,0]10 97,7 1\3 SRo , t87
111 k 1 " 1 B900 I) ~ {II 3 o 1 ~ 55 293,1 3000 6 \ 96
01ovo Pb 11 ]11 (] 0.0190 327,3 2L8~ lBO 921
P I a U ne p, 21 ~ 5. Q.0090 1773 113 3800 25\ 2
"P.odiju~n Oh 12400 0, EJ.C90 1966 - -
Se I ell s. 41>QO 0,0370 \ 220 GB,66 \ 6BB 10089
S i I ~ C I j urn ·'51 2330 o , EHl2.4 l!.H 2),0 \ 4068
s r eb r c Ag 10,00 0,0189 960,5 104, ) 19S0 2 \ 77
Sumpo I' {r ornb . ) s 2060 0,0740 11 z , 8 39 I 36 444,6 Z9J
Ugljenik C - - 3540 - 400.0 5024
Vana.dijurn V 6000 - 1720 - -
Vo1 f r am , 19300 0, ~"43 J 380 2.51 t2 \ 5000 481 S
Z.I OJ to Au 19290 0,0142 \ 063 6",99 2700 1 758 116

117

ne e e ev e k

t ~all!~10~ t o I" I; t ,
HAZ I V I on"A!(A DC °c Wllm .K)
°c 11K kJ/(kg·K) kJ/(kg'K)
GvobJj c If c) - 1 90 -0.0159 -200 Q, n' O,Ds zn 73,169
100 0> D Hl4 - 1 SO 0,281 0,377 100 67,.,4
200 0,022. 1 -100 0,35. I) I 402 200 s 1,639
100 O.O,i-J9 -so 0, .0. 0, .Zl "00 'O,S4"
400 o • 01~ <] 0 c 0, "D - Gao )8, 3 7~
S~Q 0,0&4\ 2G I 0,.57 0,44. 800 29,D7S
600 o,o8o~ 100 0- t l.86 0, ~6S
700 G. Q9-87 ZDa 0,532 0, "Bt
Boo o ,11 Hi JOo O,5B2 0,51 I
400 0,629 0,532
so a 0,678 , 0,557
600 (l.751.; 0,582
100 !!.blB
non - 0,070
1000 0,703
HI~O - 0, ~91
r-' -_._--_.
Ht-"om t t r ) - 5 C O,On7 -;2:(H1- 0,142 0,297 a S6,50
1 o n 0,0070 ~ 1 00 0, 318 0,377 100 85,5
.I: 1]0 a , c ~ '5.5 " Q, '27 - 300 80.0
3 '" 0,02"5- 0 20 O,044D O. I, 35 70[· 63,5
~ ~ a ij I Q 3 50 100 0, '73 0, '52
5'" 0. ,-o.t. ~ 0 ZOO Q,49B -
30C 0, s28 0, 'S"
600 Q,523
1000 0,565
1-------
! r id i jum (I,) - 190 -0,010-7 -'riOo O,Ob7 0,109 0 59,31 ]
- 100 -0. OO~D -100 0,1 13 ",12& \ 00 56,9 B 7
100 O,OD6S D 0, \)0 -
H)-OO 0,0190 20 0, 13~ 0,132
1500 0, l270 \ 00 0, 13B {l t 1 31t
'100 0'. '480 14 no 0,161
x a I c i jum (Co) -200 O,4Q2 0,569 o 98, I}
-100 0,590 0,620
a 0,641
20 o ,6~9 o ,6~S
I 100 0,670 0,657
200 6,712 Ii ,670 t I'zl! ';0' t a [c 10 t •
NA-Z IV I OZNA.1(A
0, 11K DC U/(kg-K} kJ/(kg'K) "c VI (m'K)
K.e.\ l j urn (K) SO O,OB3 -200 0,38. 0,670 0 13G,071
-100 0,670 Q, 71 2_ 100 118,626
0 O.7l3 -
20 0,741 0,737
50 0.181 Q,745
Ka I aj ( Sh) -190 - 0 I 0-42 ~ -10D O,20Sl 'J- .a is -\ 50 79, 0 B~
100 0,0267 0 -0,225 - -100 74,432
20 0,227 0, lZ6 0 ~6, 0 5 S
100 D, 2J~ 0,230 100 59,313
lDO 0,2. J 0, 23~ 200 56,9B7
Mil ngan (M") ~OO 0,0222 -HtQ 0,398 0, .40
.00 O,O:n,O 0 0,473 - 0 SD,2'~
600 0,0240 20 0,486 0,481
800 0.0260 \ 00 0.515 G .l198
HO 01 IjB6 I 0,532
NatriJ':lm {Na) 50 O,Ono -200 I (J.879 1,089 -10{) 154,679
-100 1,089 1 1139 ° HHl-,018
0 1,189 - So 93,040.
20 1 ,206 I 1,181 , 00 83,7)6
I
50 1,231 1,210
"----
N Ik' (N I) -190 -0.0189 -200 0, i 51 0.348 -1 Sn 11 0,48 S
1 00 0,0130 -101} 0, ~64 o ,i.J 1:' 0 '33,040
iOO O,Oi75 -SO 0,419 0,431 100 aZ,573
300 0,04)0 0 0,442 - 200 73,269
400 0,0595 ao 0,446 n,444 300 63,965
500 0, 0670 100 n,467 0, ~52 400 59,313
600 O~O92_7 200 0,515 0,469 500 6 \ ,639
700 0,110"5 300 0,5G9 0,494
800 0,1289 3~O 0,628 0.507
900 0,1480 400 0,544 0,51 S
1000 0,1 G80 700 0,544 0,523- I
1000 0,544 c.
0)0',10 (Pb) -190 -0,0508 -200 [).109 0, 1:Z0 -2 SO 4 a, 846
100 0, []290 -100 0.12' n , 124 -zun .0,705
ze o 0,0593 .n 0,1 Z8 - -100 36,867
300 0,09)3 20 0,12"9 0, 1 ~9 0 35,123
1 DO 0, I 34 0,131 20 I )4,774
200 0,138 a, I 34 100 I B.378
300 o ~ I:' 1: 0,136 300 29,773
500 16,747 118

ne s t e v a k

t jUz,~~.Hll t C Icl~ • ~
NAZI V I OZNAK/I or or kJ/lkg''') kJ/lkg'l<) Or wi (m- Y.)
11K
P l e t i ne (p t J 1 O~ o , Q{l90 -a e o e , ¢75 e , \ OS -190 77 I 9:2: 1
200 0,01 B). "100 0.117 0,1 Z8 0 70,01)
J~o 0,0218 0 0, 13 J - 100 7111<0:8
'0" o ,~376 >0 O,IB o , 1 Jl 30" 75.595
Sao 0.0,77 100 0,1 J6 0.1 J4 500 79,08.
600 -0 "Os-aD 200 0.1 J6 800 86, n6 2
700 0, o~66- )00 O,1)b 0, 1J 7 I DOG 89,551
s ne 0.079" 500 0, 14~ O. 139 I
900 0,0905 U}QO- O. 1 ~7 -
HHJ(1 OJ 1 o 19 120 (] 0,165 0,1,9 - L----:-
1---------' (Ag) - 190 ~ 0, 012;:, ~ 2. (j n G;Io 157 -0,1 t 1 -19';;- 41,5,~55
':i r e ur o
100 0,0195 -100 0, :2:16 011:26- 0 418,&80
200 0-. -0 ~ o 0 0 n .133 - 100 1+ 10.384
31)0 [),0608 20 ° ,lJ' 0,2)) JOO 407,.°50
I~ 0 0 ",Oen 100 0,138 012:'5
500 o I 1 Q I~ 3 200 I 0,249
cOO 0,1:00 300 0, ,q O. 2. J~
70D 0,1515 5"" 0,26, I
800 n , 17~5 70" G ,269 !l-,Z.Stl
vo ~ f r a 11" (wi +19{J -0,0073 -200 O. O~) I 0,109 -190 217,ldJl
100 o,oo~~ -HJ-D 0,109 o , 116 0 160, )09
200 (J I aO~(i '50 o ~ 126 0.130 100 '51,190
500 u , 0 ~2 5 C 0, 134 ~ ;00 I i i 9.789
800 0,0 )oe 20 u , \ 34 '0 t 134 10D"D 96, ass
1000 o.{lJ:jf.n 100 I 0,136 0.1)5 1500 t t'3,974
1500 u , 0 7 ~ 5 50" {I j 144 0, 139 1000 1 ;;6-.071
1000 C, 1 0)0 10Q[. ",154 I:J > t 4 ~ 14DO 146,5)5
JOO 0 0, 1 ~5~ 1 5~0 o .16J O. PI 9
-- -190 In.966
z 1 a to (Au I -190 -0 I 021; B -200 O,oa8 o , "7
1 00 0-,(1-'142 -ql() 0, III 0.12" 0 310 I 521
200 O,0:::9z 0 0,119 - i 00 ; 1 0.521
400 0- I 'J6Q 1 10 Q ~ '129 o , I 29 )00 )04,706
500 0,0761 , no {l,'3-t (11),0
600 C.0935 )00 O,IJ5 n , 132
800 0,1 JOO 600 O. 1 ~2 0,1)6
soa 0.1490 lOGO O. 157 Q.141 119

ro".,. 6,) - SPEC[F1CNE TOPLOTE t KOEF lCIJENT Lt NEARNOG SlRENJA NEKIH LEGU~A

LEGURA 'S-adrfaJ e jal; Sad rlaj
~ or kJ kJ °t
rg:K ~
Pron%a 3,9 s n 25 0,368 -190 -',0
7,9 Sn 25 0, ;;;J 100 o t o 1 75
13 Sn 25 01359 200 0,0)85
n Al 20 0,419 lOO 0,0550
11 Son t , P H O. J60 40~ c , 075 I
0 0,46, meki - ~ ., 0 -0 I 0 I (,7
20 -O,Lln 0,47) , 0< 0,0110
100 G , ~ ~ 'J G,494 2; 0 ',025'
400 0, ()22 0,57' )00 e , D 392
AO 0 o , t5 7 I.;Of) 0,0544
1200 0, &91 500 o , 07Q6
""0 0, O~ 7~
O. I 0,0 C 20 0,.61 7~!1 a. 106;
lJ c r 2.0 0, 4~ 1
0, , { 'CO O.{l12
- kcv k 1 0 0,1'('5
400 0,&2[: n • f [ 1f'!0 :'I,r'll1-
Our a l u ml nl j um 93.2'" I ~ 3. '9 Cu; 1 • 3,t'\t":; 2. 0.91 ) 95f, I ; 4fd.l+":~; ~ :J IJ 0.0 2_ 3.S
(l~7Mg:OI5Si; rln,:' i ,F I':' ~% o , 13b)
G\loidje~ 1 l v e no O')F e i- 4 0 i ; I P; 151 ; lt1 n 0 Q. ~ J2 -1::'') -J,'JP5,)
20 0, SiP'. O,5}i, 100 8,.,)ln ..
100 o , ~ 5 7 o • 54 ~ ," 8,012 I
300 0, G::zo o • S 7 ~ IJ{";:'J u , Cl~9(j
500 '],699 0, &0 7 6'l~ o , 0 BQJ
1000 n.729 800 ":!.1 nl,
Hrom-l1lkl 20 G. {177 1 o o '1,011
cel i k. 500 c , 60 7
KOfl5 tan t a I'l H 0, /j i 0 -1'9C ~\l,1]1H~
I!H) C-, 0 I 52
5r::':) o , EJ.C41
,'tang..,n I n 20 {l,4{li. , :JG 1,0175
1; [J ~ ·J.1680
n e s i ng {o...c~~IOZ"; -10!J; C,B5 0, J56 (l2.CU' )81f'l ~ i 90 • ~ • 0 ~ 1 I
0 0, )77 10·:, ',0 '""
20 0,381 D. )]9 200 0, Ole 5
100 O,3B9 0,;8 ; )00 "O.~ J
200 0, /jill 0, J-sa ~ 400 O,093'S1
~O~ o , 4 77 0,'011-4
Monel ... metal 68tU ~2.9CLl:2FellMn -1 no ".Hl O.03e , 00 'Cl.{lill
a O • .!d~
20 0,42) n,419
100 O. "0 Q ,~27
1200 O.5l8 110

Tob.l. 6,4 - GUSTlNA 1 TERMlcKA PROVODNOST U ~/I~'K) NEKli1 LEGURA

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s.lI~n.(Jst ·gtanllnih us-lava.

- k(lenc:ql'l.nt p r e La z a t op r c t e

I - xar.llkteri!iti.E.na d u Ll ne -E-vrstl'l. p ov rl i Me

~ .. - t e r ml c I .. ~~ p r o v o d n n s t C.Vf"~LlJg tela

x e r ... k t e rt s e t n t en a t t e t r as newe t opt oee l e eee j u p ev r Ll ne ~Vf'5tOg t e Le i Q" ko t n e s r e d t ne u n dn rr s u "':."1 pT-Qvodje .... j e t opl e te k.I cvntom t e l u , P'redsta\llja e.dne s i2:mt!dju unutl'"alnJ~h i s.polji'l~-

n ji h t e r mi Ek l h o tpo r e

(rourier-ov broj)

a~'" l.empero'ltl-'r~l<.u o r ovcu nc s r t VI""5 t o q t e 1,:l

{a ... ~·J~p)

uv o d l u r az ma t r an j e u t Lc aj v r-e ee n e u a

t e r-ml Ek e p o j eve , Pred'!"iun, .. IJa ve au t amedJu fi21~kih os o bl n a ~ d t een zl j a

til I a I p r cme n e :a;a. vr-e me no m t emp e r a-

tun.kog po\j,. u t e t u , Kari!lkterl~e brz l nu p r omene tempefl!ltur:llkog p c l ] a pd n e s t e cr en a rn ee p e cs r t r s n j u t op l c t e •

Al'':::~ ~

v 0

(A.rh~m~d-oll b r e ] I

I.Ibn:(lnj!! ~~ l e l.em~J i n~ tl'lle: karllkterlfoti:tna dt.l.!lna

ki n e m a t ~.c;Io;,<f vl s k c z uc s t

Ao .. kefltkterlt;tll;n-tl r e z Lt k e qu a tl n e p ~ e e r ek t e r t s t l c n e gustina

uvc d l u r e e ee t r eo j e o e r c a j p o l j a e l II': te:h nn p r o ce s e ~(·.P s e ce vt j aj u u fluldu. Pred-SUvlj .. vel" IZ!1Il!;'idjlJ up gon$k-c sl l e n e s t e l e pod c tl c aj e e razt Lke u gU!itlnama ~ s i l e usl ed nc l ekuliIIl'tle r e z ee ne impui!iQ (!Ill!!: vl s k c a-

n n s t I).

(Gr."hof-a'lo' hroJ)

6 kop;fl-c:iJ~r;t za;HI'lJIIln-skog ~lnI"lJ.1 rt ul u s , S-l/v(il·vl3:r) - ~III Id~II~" n e ga§Dv-l!: B .. lIT

g - u b r z ew ] e ;d l e t e j e

t.t ... ~lHaktel'lst~.!:f'Ioi1 f"i'!I.ll~lo. a tf:Mp.er'-G-

t u r e

T ... k.i!lr.flkt-!:rl :s.tH,MiI t-empll'lfl!lture kcnemiltttKB. ... Ls k o z no s t r Lui de z a s a r k t e r Ls t Ld n c t e mp e r e r u r u

Pore(l$t;elylJ .... pc s eb en ~IIJ-t"j Arl"oitro~dovn-g broJe kolld" j e r e ett k e p us tt n e

n e s e el e u"~"d rall~kp. u r e ewe r e t u-

r ~ 7h-

"'p

(Krlter. pro-",ene fau.:)

I--~------+----to-p-I-.-[-.-f - •• -.~-----------+-O-.-n-Q-'-.-O-I-I e ;'~-;~~I-;;t~:~-'~~ ~.II pro"",,nu f-l11.e pr",.m~ !..DP~Ql i pr e >-

tlp" (~~~i~~;:) e opl e t e -konde:nziiltll- grl!!YBnji!l (p r ehl adj l v an j a l j e une co

t a a a Io ap r , kon d e n z a t a ) •

~T ... rul i~.iII t erepe r a t u r e a e s r een j e

t e ep e r s t u r e e""r5itt: pti"'r~ine

8,2 - STACrONARI10 PROVODJENJE I PROLPZ TOPLOTE

135

8. L 1 - STAC I ONARNO PROVODJENJE I PROLAZ TDPLOTE ZA RAVAN, C III NDR I CAN I SFER ItAN Z! D

S k

I z r n z I

loa p r c vc d j e n j e I p r o l e z toprOte prj.\. .. C:O!')5t. 4F '" 0 (n ... b r u] idojeva}

, ~I K

P rovod ienJe

tr ~ t?

t "'. t I - ---:-r- x~

II

q .. i:~ - X~n+l

1:..l.. i '" I Ai

t'l ~ t2.

t i ~~'~-' c,

~ n ___:_ 'I

i'"rovo-djer,je

In}' "~I

-. '" -:-1 --+-:';-:'~:-;";--I--~d;r-. -,---,-

~ -i~J 'fil:"'"i t n ~: .... dn+1'11(1,

136

8 _ z . z _ TERMlCKl OTPORI PRl STAC 1 OHARNOM PROVODJENJU 1 PROLAZU TOPLOTE

Obl ik t e l a i nj-"gov po'aia]

ZA HEKE DRUGE SLUtAJEVE lVloi n apc een e na krBjul

'Le r-rnl Ek i o t p e r tel ..

ukupn i termlcki otpor kada s e I.If ... -e~nilju i c tp c r l 1,15 ~e.d ken vek c l j e

'1

1. "-'II,.arl poduIn I ,I,

2. Cilindd-tni podu~n~ zl d

iJ. t e v §.-i! t acl ec t j ee

U obl Lk u "v;;Idrata

5. t e v s e e."5centr-i~ nom I z c I.;J-c I jam

-6. Cev u polLiogranl(_~nQIt1 be.5konacnolfl mas .1,1\.1

R .. rtrr In 1.~~

AKO j e it.QI::oclJa kvedrunog

-(Jbli~<l,!"< .. O.S5l:

to::: - -:.traki \';'yad..- a tD)

t- e m a

In ..!::J. " ,

R - ,,_!..,.(..!.. - ..!..)

"''Il~\rl r~

na5tiilYBk

137

T!l:rmJ[:k;t o~por tela

1UkUPiJn r e r-m! loU e epc r k a d .. s e tafL,fIHIJ-U I otpo-d u51ed k on ve k c l i e

Dtdlk t.e.~. I nJe-goy PO~oJiilJ

l;a ce v 2: t n desc s I I

I 2 men j aJu me.s r e

l .. ne t z ol ov anu C'I!:v

1. Dv,," ce¥1 U PQ'U 0[1 r-e.n I Z!ehollF me- 3 I YU

~~

I "f~

I 5 "I

r r r 0l·R",kl;';' 2 .li=jl

l ec l cv anu c e v

Rl ":' rirr )I RuJ'l ~ 2'l'1;!.Ji;2

In~ln9, .(lnJ:: : a: : ~;:U

In& -lliln ~/1J2 + lh~ + h.ll~

l'zli.T-L- V'B} + V11 - h:d 2

9. N~ z. ce v ~ Jednc.kog

p r e c nl k a t s r e e em

p e r e t .... r e LI m~$tYli (lgranll.cflQm s~

e ve para l e lne

r e vn I

z e jednu o d ce vt

Za j ecn u od e e v t

R-".2.,..,.ln[L,

.0: iT A I l'l't'

10. of> raVOUQ eon I kan" I ve l t c e "tI",llne IJ po }l,.Iog ran I ~ .. en om m-l!l::ili 1..,\.1

R - \

J.(S.7 ~ h)z-,~

Termii:~l c t p o r n e po ... r~i-Hnl e e al v e uztm. a e vol; .... al r z aete n orn ... e~llinf" h

z b i rom

r~

r--------+~

1J~Podu!na ,t~flk .. 1 plci!a u poluoSl" ranH:'I!:nom m •• t vv

I-------+-------"-~-- -~--.~--~---+----------~

r.,

1--_---- ----1;...--------- "" ~ t--- ~ __ _l

a r"

.0,5 <;:~ <12

.... e r t Lscel n a e e n k e p-~ofill

R~ L¥(~Y'£~

Kori z:onUdna t.nka pl.

R~ Lf!{~y~.

'fermi-c",~ o t p c r nil pQyr-si-nnl rnas~v.a LLtlm.a SII! U Qbzi r ;t;sml!!nom vel l cl ne h

zb I rQ:j:II

Tz,

a

1.2 ~ KLig I. LI P I) I LlO9'r.n lof"nom mas I - vu

Tl'lrmlCld otpo .. n. pDV:rU-

nl 1'11"$1 va u:zitll-il SCI! U- Db-

z I r l:.IIIe:nQm ve lIZ hu: h :tbi rom

R -,~(\ • h)

Pri !!. - ~ "

R ~ -.k:r

138

Uk.up.an t e r ml c k l atp-or k e-'

Dh'!~k t e t e i

n j epo v p<dQ2_aj

S e m a

"fermi ~k ~ nt pe r tel a

I"iil !I~ racune-J'Il I e rpor l us l ed :I;",",vII'!kclJc

Te rrrJick1 otpof ne -r;!;l:tI ne j ud l nr e l e e t c p Le t e

s a gornJeg b e z l s a

lermi1:lo:.i otpor ne po ... r~i- 01 mill!ilva u~"lmlt s e u cbzl r zamfl:nom yell~ln-e: 11 ~ell(:lnDm

! • 71/

~ i rd~/

<I r+-,,'

LLj- .

13. ve r t l k etn t cilin dar u p nl u op r an I c en cm mes l vu

h + 2:._

n, fI~l'..j)ro.;:aJutl !!oil preh:l.om

t on l o t e .... gornjeg had sa

R .. 2_~h~ ln~

L-~~~~--------~~-~~-i--~----------

l'l c:< h c l"j: lc:rltll-eld otPQf ne povl"5i!"I, m.lil£lvoili u zlme s e \I .ab-' zl r z.amenom vell-Eine 11

zb I rom

14, T"H·U~ u p el u oq> ranfcen<m ma5'-

( I, .'!f.z.j

I+~ I" "'-'-

"

;'r;

1 ;J1"2

.0 -~-In-

"I

15. l(u91~ e o pel ovt >

n e z a r on j en e u

p(lluogroilf'i?:f!n mOl 5 I v , ~! Jo:. 'LJ P'" 11 t e r ~ mlc k t f l uk s j v

u s rne r e n u mas IV.

H"~

16. Okrugla plol<! no ,..-o.,.r~ln~ pel uc q-' r~n~c~n()g ma elv a 1 crm i ck I f I u\(s i-" u e ete r-e w Y me e l v ,

I~-/

-----.~.~-.~~f_-~- ------t.------.-----

11. Priit'Vo\jg.aot'!., pio~i!o n a povr-~'Utli polucgrantcenog mll'S~'_'ii~ Tcrmrcki fhd ... s, j c U"5mCT~n IJ mas ~ v,

/rJJ

I------+-----T-----··-r-·-·------,

18. Okruglill pio';;a u -neogf".3Inii'.enom mil; s l v c t emoe r e t u r e

K

T, /

,.

R = tJr

~S. {.~v u ~~QI e (;iji

p r ev cu qeono q ob-' Ii ka

(Vld~ p-rimedbu })

139

uk up en t e rm l ck i c e po r ka.;:l;a r3CtUI .. ju t o t pc r I Us led kon "f!~C ~ j e

Oblik tltla I n l eqev polozll:_I

5. e. m ~

Le r ra l ck.i o t p oe t e I ill:

.2 Q • tell 1.1 I z e l ec l j ~ o b Ll k a pravllnog /I .. toug .. on Ik",

R ~ Ihz In~ - m

(Vld i prim~dbu 3)

21. £1'psQldrllil cev i r ac I .. dJa (z:I.2e s e poklapillj",)

22. lr.,k. Postovljenil! llznc u e Llp e s eldn o] :I:r:oliEcijl

23. !'"r8y-ougao;olil p t o-ea u ~l!Io9rilnlcenom ee er vu temperature T

z2_

Op~t~ napome.ne:

- p e d 1 "eo PQd ... it~u,;nel,''' u k u p n a duzin.;l tel a

- pocc-y ad shl.f:.1Ja pod 7. ROo c:alje ~a.f"ioe:ril.!l..-uJI!I s e t e r rn i Ek j ot p c r :dda ce v t

- pod tempf:!r8t:Urom ~'II podrazumel,o'.l s e tr'mper;a.tura- ok.l)lfl~ e r e e l ne Il!:nlid :p(ll{r~lne ma-

s t v •• U prQit(icrlim prarillc.;.mima podzemnlh dale:ltolr"Oda ;till 1'1'1' a e l..I'5il,o'.1iIJa e.k s p e rlme n e a L« 1'10 odredje'l1011 t e mp e r a ru r a :tern I j e nill du b l n l pos t oil V I Jilnj e (I~ r e k ovc da ,

Pr~mcdbc:

1) U trecoJ koionI da t j e te-rml-Ek~ o t p o r t e t e , 111 ak o j e t el o :raror.je"Q U mllls~v,t>tpDr

9rilfl~~f1011 al o j a do n j eq ov e cev r st ne pri kqtlstantnim r empe r a t v r-e m e , no;. k o n t u r ao a t el a i m a-'

s l va Jednaldl1l 1'i1.1, r TlO!~ fi ~ (TZ1 - T~2)!Q... K/W.

"'rC-di~~.1J ~etv r- toj ket cn r je uk up an e t p e r gde 1iU XI I Trl" ..,.~1ia i nt a a e e rnp e r e t u r a p o s m ... t r ana

3) Ger:l!lu'.:trl J!I!o: I par~etr~ K :: bla. I A = t t«: M..ar,gkterllu cd ne s s e r en a prav(Jug<loni-

k a ~ b r c ] st"-ana p r ev r ~Ilog n-toug,aonhlll. Njl he ve b r-o j ne v r e dne s t i d-ilJu §e u p rl Le Ee n o]

t abe l L

~ b
. ;;
I ,O~ 0,082'90 1,1HH ~ ,00 o ~-!lO37) n,lS21~
1,25 (J 1 0396-) o ,5~15~ l.2S 0,00170 0", r 1 397
'! .50 O~DI7B' a ,]21}1 l ~ SO 0,00078 Il-t08632
l.75 0.00816 o t21J39 3 • .(J(] o .ucn r s 11, o,oJo]O 140

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. " 141

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142

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143

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144

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,
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I .. .. ~ .,; - - "": ~
,~ . .: .; .., - n ;g ~
~ ",t' '" - - ~ ~ ~iO -
,~ .,; .; .; 00 '"
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2 ~ -I': ~ WI';;:; .
,~ ~ , ;~ ~
'~ :t . ~~ a ;;;
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61) 7: ~ ;§:
-e ~ ~ ~ '"
~ ,- 0."'101,':: ::_E ~ T ~
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f :~~ tr,~ "" -
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,~ :L I ql);; "" :
, H ~ 'H ~ ,~ . ,~ ~ : .
. ""1-' r
~ ~ol'/ "Ol~" -"j-" r ""I" r ~I ... _..,
" 0 e n ~ n ""'~+.l~ " " . I .... ".,..:.. .... • 0
0"li dtJ (~tJ ~'U ~-Li ~'lJ ,,~I.) Q~L)~ '::.""
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8,3,6 - OSTALA TELA JEDN05TAVN 1 J I H OBU KA

145

Potubeskooecno t el o Ijedfl"oc:lirm::fl.:.lonalfll pro b l em]

3

{~,

""'" 1

y

Pclube skonecno t el o {dIrCrdjrnt:/rz-ionall.li p/"ob~li!m)j

i

Potubeskcnecnc t el c

{t rodlseenz iun a l "' .~"' em , I

I I

x

·8 II {)

~I~\~)'\,.--i'-)

"'ma:r. ~'r.:c:rx Z max 1

" '\
,
, '\
\
\.
21. , -, ~,_""" ~\ __ c"L /7::::~_

1(:;;:_,u)=I.;Ga;} .~) "~)

'lhl-.1' rr.a:r _j_ maz;, m::JX ~

" 0 S

{~)=~) ~~J

max ma.t' 3 max ~

/

~~~~/ __ Jk~~ __ ~

":1 ,J 0

(~) = Ic"'-) ,I,,-L) ·I:c-"--i

'rna:: clrlQx~ roUJ:j m:z,xl

-3 ') ')

(;""")=I~) 'r) ·\0"-1

max m:u' I mz: L

51 rka 8. ],6+ \ h- Te-lll;pt:l'C'ttur"lR:.o pol je oate l ttl tela jaJr:o$t~vniJ i h cbl l ke

3

"

12

j'

I'

146

U.7 Dr JAGRAMI ZA prOMtiiN NESTmONARllOG PRDVODJENJA TOPLOTE

~~~t~f~2N~~~t=--t=4

~r--·~~··· ".. ····_,_......._._-i

-2i'''",

tern!) E'l r;, t u r iI ;: 11 rl eo 1<.;1 t e : a n r ~ '!"1 r o r p c r fiT'il p r c vc d j e n j a t[}[l ~D· (jJ l~' P,,)

(l 3.,.2 - J'lf::SKONACAr.' RAVA-N 110

8.3c/.:l.1 uon o e t erope r e t e r e a e s re et n c

ri'lVrlog; al d a , ur/C-rna..,'" f"..fIJi,F/)) ";'l

v:rl!dnc-,;t i J-'(j ~ t1, HI de 5C1[}

-_Bi=Il:I/A

!j. 3./.1..l Odno-s. t emp e r a t u r o l6 s r e o t n u r-ev .... o q zr da

Gl''/'[)''1«.x-~ f~lfr:;J l/J.iii,xio v r e ou o s r t Eo',,;: o (.10 7[HJ

-_Fo~aT/12

147

8.3.7,2.3 Il d n c-s temperatura z a p cv r fl n u

r e .... nog zl d a , 0Z/Gma:.c:;;f~(BiJPo)za vr e d-

n os t l Fa:::; 0,'0-0025 do 500

5.3.7.2..4 n u ne s t e mpe r a t u r a z e po vr ji nu r avn ce :

z l de , 8Z10mar.:::'fZJPOjBi) z a v r e dno s t l Fo=O do 30 --- FO~{H:/I

.8.3.7.1.., Odnos temperatura ZB r a v an e ! d lOll/8m;:: f;r.(Bid «r t :

-- BI~a 1/1.

Oznake!

t, - temperatura p c .... r st ne to - r e mpe r e r e r e ok ol I ne tp - p oz e en a temper-atura

- t empe r a t u r- ... Ll s r-e u t n l z i de

t~ - tekula temperatura

It 1 to!

It-p tol

It", - tol

~tx tat

::.: ZA Z c P (t p - t; G) ~ J

po Lu d e b l ] ~na

r a vno n

148

8.3.,.L6 Q~f10~ tem~ef~tu~o:! ta ~"~ .. n li.;l, 0;I/"'1It:t;:; = .r-;(iJ/Z. rai iJr; ~ii->wij.'ni;,t ;~no /i;;, j ee.

I!

II

8.).1 2.7 1J.~I1Q' Ird}H':'frlii t ep t ... te 1:. ",.an- .I: I d. QIQ",a.r"" r Q{ IH~ Fe}

18

0.).1.) - BESKi}NACM CILlNllAR

19

nu

-'1-"

-.J~.

1

~ 12

o_3.7.J.l 1)4",iH te"'F1"'r.~ur .. ZII tillit ellln .... e r e , ~.I€lM.:I.E'''' fr/IJ-l~F") .1.41 Io'rei:lnG!U

YO =: O,c:.S 0;1" 501{

149

; i

Ii

, <

Oc3.7.J.2 Odn os e e epe r e t u r o Ya 05u c I Li n d r a , 0mIOma:::-,=, fm{f'c~ J/Bi)z~ v r e dn o a t I Fo.:::O do 300

<;-1-0" ~! .... ", k-*-'Y----'-t--~---'~

1~! :I,---\,---.\--J.\----+-_\._

8.3.7.).3 Odno~ t e sep e r a t u r e 2: .. p o v r at nu e Lll n d r e ,

0p/Oma;r,""fH(vi,FO) :;:8 v r c dn o s r l tD.;;il+OQ02S do sao

-~----- Bi;:; uRI),

_.\-,

, ,

., ,

- _

I

lJ,j.7.3.1+ Odllo:; t e r-p e r e t u r a z a po v r s Ln u c.~·ijnd-ra

Op/f'max~tF:(Fo~IJi) z a v r c dn os t I Pc.::: 0 do 15 FO=rJT/R]

150

Bc:L7.}.6 DdnQ~ t emp e r e t u r a z e be$~UlnT.'lc.1l'1"I c l I l nde r , 0l,!0max = f; (t'!R~ PC-I p r t 8i ..... <c {p r e k tl c no Bi > i oc )

o :l n Ii k. e:

"n - tempera-tura povr5-lne

t -

o

t -

P t

"

tamperaturil nk ol Ln e poc e t ne temperatura temperatura u o~ j

c l 11 n d r e

t~ - t ek ue e tl!.mperaturB
OR It n - to I
0ma:L"= It - t)
o ~ I t~ - tol
em I t~! - tol "'max = ~i li't:'~ c pUp ~ t())~J _ pot c p r e c n i s c'~~lldra

tL:L7<3,7 Dana!> koHlina t op l c t e za ct l t oda r , QJQ ... .., ... ::: ft1{Bi~Fo)

151

B . J . 7 . 1+ - KUGLA

8.3.7.lJ.1· OdF'lQS temperatura z c cu n t a r ku-g-

lei 8m/emu: -'" f·r.J(Bi~ Foi z e v re on os r I

Fo~O.o.5d;)500

250

8.3.7,'-I.20dn05 remp e r a t u r e 2::;1 ce n t e r k uo l c fJml(Jm~:x=fr:/}'C.sIIBiJt.a v r e dn us t t Fr;:;O d~ z s u

8..3 ].4. 3 Odno5 t emp e r a t u r a z a I"l{)vr-sinu

k uol e , 0R/r-;-f"la.:r:~ rr/Di~ FoJ.:za v r e dn c s t !

Fo = C ,-oon2;, do 50D-

152

o Z r'I a k e:

tk - temperatura povr~ine

to temperatura ck ol t ne

tp POCE! t n a t e n pe r e t u r a

trr, - t.empe r e t u r e U c e n t r u

kugle

tekuca tempcratvr~

CR [cn - to 1
0 ~ 1 t t: oi
ma>': 1 t:
Or - to 1
G i tm tol
'"
\;' h .. (tp .
1,~a.X . 3'" TT R'-c p - t o ' ~ R _,. pol u p r e c n i k k u q l e

0,3 -

q2 ql

0,03

0,1

C\5 I 2 3 5 fO 20 30 50

100

_._- Bi" uR/1.

8·J.7.4.4 Odn05 t e mp e r a t u r a ZQ k u ql u

0r/Gm~ fr(Bi~ ~/R)

o.3.7.<t.J udno s e or t z t n a t op l o t e z a k uq l u q/Qmax~ fQ(Bi, Fo)

153

q} P~El"'Z T(l?LOTE BEZ P!HlH[N£

8,1, - PREGLED rZRAZA ZA fZRACUNAVAflJE rOHfCIJENTI, PRElAZA TOPlOTE

Tabeil!. 8.1j'.1 - PRWUDNA -KONV:t:Kct.JA (I}

'"

Vnu s t r uj an j e , n h l i il , pol-aiaJ cv r s ee po v r •

x e r ak t e r t s tH.ne- ve IIChH!.

L.)mjIiOl~nQ :;,t..-uJ;!,~Je dl,lZ

(1) r-ev neq z l da FII pl(lcl1- 1)~-66

R<:l<5·11:l~ i (ltb~}'l"U' o

() ,S{l e , 3]

lur!nlIent.llo struJanJoil du-

(2) ra\l~(Jg zl de ill ploce D,Il37

Be:> 5, ~ o~, 0, /<F':rr..:ZOIl

{l,80 (I. t.3~"

li'lm~nar-no $tr"uj-ll~jg kl

(3) pr.:,I,/aj c e v t

Re<2.}OIl

I}ui:lfla~ (.0 - uk up n a o;I-IJiina lio;l<J Tj;T(ife} .. f1I",:IHIj HI"UjiH~j a

f; ~i~i ~~:8 ~<J: !(! ., S~~~~j io!7:p~rf!~-

r~ZIJ ;1:') J'l'J:l1 ",de Je t z - !Hr:d"jil tl"l'rlp e r e c c r a ~o ... dilntl. .zIdn).

Br-z Ln a . ("'"0) - e r ede j e b-r.dna fluida i'j;pl"of!;j zilla (Ii l'Iepo-reIMll"I::e{loj lit:ruJn

f~ Til ~~ rl!d er:: ~~~; r =!~ i~ I p~:: ~!~tl ~ev I

p r-e s ek } ekltiv~i.;n~ .. d ;Clre(:r1-ik de::;'1f!/a

ri N .p,)...,r~;rI.1 ::'~"~eJ,.,_.1 fl oi e e o St"'"jEl '-'~ilr.illw 0- o p s t r u j a v "rd Db~m, bel cb:iira- koJl

de o tog ob l e a u';e.!It ... ujll: I.i r e ame n I eon f c re

i"meEiilL'-'~~· \tf} - s r c dn j a ttl~IP.fl(<+t-Liril

s r ut o c lO~JfE u • lZriJ.ZU ZiJ 1'1'", gd~ j e t."~

e r-e d n j a l,,{fJP"'(lllu~~ IJ(]""'S;,,,-, z,d-1i} 1<_1J~~'c~t!

o d r e d ] ujc [ z f z r a z a

t,..=t:;f{{ t r,:' f, .Ill rlj;" 'r, -~,:)/{ l:f2-t,,)J},

,~~::;~~, tf~ -~;:~:~~, t~r;~~:~~~~j/!~!~:r~~'j_ ~~ ~;~J~~ 7~ ~~~~~~~jl~{~t~~~fJ~k~'fiUo~~~~~~

~~ (IJ) - si"ednja brf!,ir'l!l fl ui de IJ c e e l s : - pep r e vk e noll -01.d'il'flJ Levi (rabe'lc a.Q,3

I 8. \,4]

Ko - !.abeta IL-Ij.5

Pl"e~~zn'l r-elh) s t r c(.It) j an j a u p r avej ce .. ~ i3frOdtl-<1 'IO~

'r o r eule.o r nc s t r e j .. n j u !J

(5} ~~~~~~B~:~~I~~: ;,"6:;~~~~:O ~~ZILI 0,80 G,")

Za p r a .... oug.k.iinilI ,ui ~ = 1-4{l Z a p r sc t.n.Icena I pr, ~~I-:;,.o ,.,

II~) 'r;9;)

~~c\>~~ [Ja~ r:t)

Poe r-ee no up"5cr ... j avanj e

18) s n.cp a c e v t " k.or~.:)tlr-

0._)6

_ ~_Fi!.::"1:t._ -~--~4---1--+-

1'1 {J~<:Rc'-:i· I ce , (I., ]o(?I'..;~80

1.11., ..: "'lid t::. "

eJ,&S

0,33

=-1·' -e-e =~ - -(fj$

- _.¢r:i--.

- ,v-W

sL-l '

~ {dj - s pc Lju i pl"e.r.rdk ee .... i

;':T~~~~~r=ko I~~} z~d:r(~~:: ~~7~~:;~>J~: Pr~

-gde Je ".:1, - a r e d n j s Ul:mClllr.fltllra povr!ine~ Ilf'}'ina; it;) - s.n~dl"1j.) !;or~lrli'l ~ najuih:1TI rep .... ~+--~)------t ~D.-"'sl':ku !iHUj,I" il.m!:'dj ... (:I!. ..... I.

f.cf. - pcp-lIvl<.a n a n<!padC1i ug.;l-C ~ t r u j e (ak e !i~ e e at t .J.1JJe vd ~1OD} - Te b e t e 8_4.7

;'],3(,

Esupopri'l'lka ;I';' k o r a k s nop a (;evl(·;"atJc1 .. 6.. %1" 8)

Na c v a j na2:,J'l i;:rac<.:r..;lt a oe Llci j en t c r e-

l a z a I,Qp-IQtc cdn o s r a e n a r r e d l I ne r e cne r edc vu s nop a • l!j p r v l 1 d r uq l r-ed ,l;nQopil

v e d e s e s ~!J'de~1.l p op r a vk e r

Ka rl do r n l ... .;;I,;(:>(]re"~ f::.v; {I.hl £'1" D,S

~ahDv~'k1 t~"'('o~.eci, Lt"' {I,~i I:J "= 0,7

U op~[f!m $1 ... c;o!Ju;

fr.SG Q,5~

Pc p r e c ne 1)fl',;~r"j"\lJonj1: (9:1 e n op e c e v I u $<trlo"'~k()~ r aa p o r e du

~~~ __ &/~1...,J:l __ ~ _~._

t·IIJ-'''_IrI.'~~.10~; O,7~;;f'-<:4811 (),l.illtL~ ll,hO~ O)E

~,3 "( it lid c 2,6 (I, 6 ~ :r~/d « J,

"

~':::I ":i

(ti .. k ce fl cl j e n t c e e l e z e r op l o e e

Ai - uk up na po.,..r-:il"hl {-tUG r-!!d~ Ailr,) JI;! ",':=- Itl-= ••• s: An

c:ltI'n;:UrV.f~)(<:'.C2+ )!-2)

c. f'ruma nekuR a\J~orUHi3 1'1. - (J,B

Z.a sev f j ene ce ... i . ~"\" ... "'" I'm~ j '0 knr i:; I 'I' i t ri)l~ -i<.(Jj' Villi; z a peeve CoEIJ l , pr t (,,,1;1,,, alo:.o Je II" 1::;2 (lD (d/R) U ,;c6

d/tr~[J.11j eob ljenu vr e.lncs r ze trus s el tcv br-(lj r)am("!~itl ~.J popr e ... ke.JI:;' c " 1+1,1\ tdlR) , qde j~ d N unLJtr.a.§.l"1jt

prte[l"1ik c.elli, II ~ 'P0~ ... pr(J'(J'k k r i vine savr jene [.f'IJ'.

154

\lj'"~t~ s r rvj enj e , CJ-b~~1<. ~ ro1aiaJ i":vr$t(': I"!CF v djne

l z ree I :7.a o-Llr~djiy-a"'je- koeflC_ljen-~ ta pre'au tcp lote

lll'rrdrHI!"'10 ;<;truja"'je na po-G(l:{"''''m ucltj r avnoq zidil (p}oc-e)

fie ~R"'kr .". S.·I[]:~; D" x "':;')Cltr'

_ "'~~:' ~.B

., t us-bulerr t no na ostaloj d~zlni z\d& r.'~ ~ 1l.1136of'.pr- (liE' - 2.310-0;

{plQl-eJ

III

l~m~n;g.rn'? "!~~Ol'"110 o;rrvJilli.J'O' ~ pr evo] , krlHkoj "l t~hr'l;;-ki gl at.koj cev!

R<l ~ no-o. p..flP<, 1 ;. 1 (J

G.rPr> -'C '5-10::

'Du7fn;J.: (Z) - ElkllPr1.'1 <iui:irl~ 2.'d1l. Ipl o~~ te) U pra"cu ~[!'".uj"nj"i

!:~:e~~~~*: LJ {;t5~'~n~~~~~~J\J ;_~:j:r~~

odre-r:!jlJje lz l a i-aza ; i:,.._ ~ (1;fo,)+tzl/2 "fQ - f.r(!d~.Jo1I U:mp;H-iI~U-!"il- nf:J"I1r~l'1!';tel"le

'5ItnIJt-

SrZIj1at (WD) +s r ednj a b r al na f~uida.u nepD,-emec:enoj s t r u] i i

~: (d) - ll~utrlJo~l"lji !lrei'.~ik o,"_~,,;:

·~:q;e~~~l~~~ ~~ r !£:1 !;{::7~<I p~~m:~~:~~~ ~ ~~~~u u~~~r~~~j~e p!~ r;, ~~c~~~~) ti~~::~;

r-ed c br . ll; ~ - 15 eve labetc)";

Brzfna: (tJ) ~ ~retlr:lji;l o-z lna fI~l~d:;. u cev! ~

L!l'l'l'!""rftO vj",k[)Z-;"(J ·H~..,jomje- u p r-av oj, kr a t ko ] ~ t!lf1'"'ltkl glati.<.oj ccv:

14)

Lam1"ar"o vl s koznn ~ o s-evl r aclrmo 5tnJ"j!lnj-e u prevo] >kt"~'k()J, h¢r'- 2:onta~noj ~ t!Otm!lld gl'lti<,-oJ cev:

Ro;:-<:13GOi $.'!J5"-Crh_'~ 1.5'10·' RcPr 4 c 20(1, ec , j < 130

{I,ii7 [= I +0,1)1 (}lio', i)

C=1,55 1l=[).lEl7 p r-I [),OB~ ~2 ~ III

ez.,~,~ in'" 0,12:' pr1 HI ~.2.. ~, ,S'll)" >,

t: ~ pop r-avka na "e<.!<;-t"'~j!;i)[j!;t 's t r uj a-

n)a 1.1 u\azl'lo[ll <;if" ... l;~vl:;.

:t'l ' .. (I - pr l hladjenj u tetnoS'll;

nrr .. {l.S£' - pr i ;!;i;lgreva"Ju t ecnos tlj M~: (d) - u.1'Il![ra~.rIJl pre-cn1k ce"i,_

!~~~ef!~~~~: u 1~~~~~<:~~r~~~1~ ~:~~:::

u ce v \O$lm 1.1 i.u·a:tu 2;;1 N1-I._ i pri nd-

:~=:~ :~~~u tJ"~~~r~:~.i ~e ~~r~ :~:e~:~~ ,~~d~~

00051'1-0 t.I ~:i"ra:nj I:a Jill, i p r j odred] Iva-

nj u >1'1, qde J-I:! 1-'1 - sreenj e rerroe ra-

rur-e Ftutde nil ul aznom p r e seku CE:V~)

k.oJa 51!: cdr-edj uj e i2 l z r .. z e

if.:z .. (~fl + tz)/2;

Elr~i~.!I; (81)- - :;,~~dI'lJ.'l br zlna fFui-.ja-

~- I') .. ,~l";':"'{)""'_ -r'---;,s~l.;u~"'\fi~

Razme-njenl termlckl flux'S.: q,.;:j(tfl-tzl

Ouij",,: Icl) - >lnlltra1inJi precr>!k eevt ,

~:~r~~~~~~:: u (:t~~~~r>~~e~~~ju t{~~~:a-

u l z r azu 2..a [/117,' Il~<!.jc !z -_s.recnja tl!l:'Jpl!ratun unvrresoje povr~!m: c.-I!V~) koj e :5-(: cdrcc::l-juj!l f z Izral.a:

tf4 ... (if -+ "z)/2.

U i xr azu ;0:8 Gr,!:.t j e r.:l:d l ka (~fl. - t;::l. i~i Q!:rnvtl;J:

~f ~ ~::~n{~,~:~a~:~L:r~/~~i~ll ~~ OVI<

t ebel e};

8rli,,~: b)) - s..-euroJIl- crzinO! fluidil

-u ee"i

L;:,<\'i't'!:J,rn-r;-. V;-:;;"(lT."~ - gr<lvi tll(:i~mo -!';tr"'JanJ", u p t- av o}, kratkoj, vl:rH4;;1:!f!0j i tehf'iC-ki glatko] CI!l{I (srnemv! pr tnvene i l'r f roene kQI'I~ Io'ekdJI'; se pok~aPilj'--!J

lie'" 2300; a-HI'> ~Gl'h> <:" ~'11l(! lIePJ" % .-: )I£H]; 2(] ~ ~ ~ 130

10)

U:~·r,jnaj"no \d!;k.o~f\':'> - g,-;;ovFtiJdm1o st_ruj-Zlf>j<l '--' fl~avoJ, ~~i,lot:k.oj, VPcLtl~ll!f!qj ~ tej',rdc!d gdiH4(}j Levi ($m~,---r)vl r~'l'lud,.,~ ~ r~iro~r1c ~[]r1- ...-",i"';:'Je ~I' :s:U'p:r~t.--.< 1

a2" ~ 23{1~; S'ID~' ~G~Pr< 1,:!_·lQ··1

RcPL' ~ ~3(j1l. (,Il j <lJO

Ra:l'~,.,I!!nr termickj: fluk5~q;a{tfl-tZ); ;':fl - ;~:~:!~; [~tr;~r<ltLtr" 1'1"- 111ai!l")fi)'n

Pr etaznt ,elcm se rujenje (1} ~lSr-~:~t i te~l'1ii'..kl g~<Ltu

1){I{kR,'ld, 5',-0" i O,6"Pi .. :4-BO

'rurbut enrno ~U\,tjil~j~ :.r DI".1 v om k~t'!;;.! I) oravoupaonD-g' fXlflre.Er:.~g p re-seke

REi )c m"

T~-/"bL,Ll~r.t,.,o s t ruj anj e u erevo] , .. r-.H_koj i tdmlc{S, k ( g\<1tkoj ~eVE

Po.:: :>-I[l'~; HI,,'~~400

Tur-bulenr no s r ruj.anj u u

pravtJj, 'Io.,.-"'t"DJ III du- ~

(9) goj. tetvll.(':ld glllOth~J cev t

Nu=Il,Q23SrRe 0,1) ~2)())(I >8 PI" c.s -0.,8)

, I) 6 t. t () ~ ~

:0; [~~!f) 1(~/

(ID}

TtJrb3j~e~tnlJ sr"-"J-anJe 1.l pr-evc] , dugo J i t etm l C'.ke i g1.:ltkoj cev r "

5· tD3~.~'~dl" ID~~ O,69'~..:10tl ~/d ~ -bO

_ 0,6 o,~

11.'1/:;:,0, [113 lill Pt' ~T

il1J

Tvr belenrno ~[j"-uJillije 1.1 pr-evoj , dvS)oJ i t~Jm_inl ghu.k.oj c-el,'i"

1·I04"'Rc"'ldD~j O.7.;-Pr-::l:Q(l tid;. 60

rurbclenrno a t r ... j en]e u ~"'<I ... c] , aug-oj I [E·f1rdi'..ki gi.;.tk<)j cev: >;

Re» 11l~ ~ [),7<j>r<t67tlO 'l/d;. !J-(l

E:T"" (~~,} c.i \ - pr i ::lilg r evunj u t ecnos t 9 ; ~T=(~)O'2.::'_ p r i :i'1ladJ .. nj u t-ei'::titi~ti~

1\ U,,,I,

[T=(~) ~ prl l<lg"-eV<lorlj~j g.a!;-OL;

~T '" ~L.~ p r l hl"'dje~~u qa se r tJ:,S~- ~Ol 1,0 ~ .,,:----"3,5

~I ~ f

t, ~ koefit:lj",.,t ocucre treliJa pr l i20-

t e Im~kr~:m'! s t ruj.a:r:ju;

!1I)Z iii'!.; {d) ~ unl.ltrasnj i prl;!CnFk cev t ~ "i"'l'Lperflh''I"-l!.: (t.j -h- 'Hf!ritiJa tl;!mp@r~tura fluida u ':'E'"v~.!o!;it1i Pri odr!ldji"''''''lje

~~;It ~~~1'11: :~1I;5 :~:(j:~ei t(~~~:~;-u~~. l~

i 15 eve tabele)

Br2'lm!:(U)r5t"etJr-.j<:J br aioe Oui-da cevt ;

t.eraloarno vl t.1:02n-IJ s t r-uj.n1Je u p"'av()~ kene tu

(1 >J p,---avou-g.=JonDg poprecOllg pf"I!!o-llio;a

a :n b

ltJrb-U~t!ntno 5[n,lj01flje u pr'ilvom kan ... l u Dr~tCI'I .. ,s.~"g p-opr-";;f!og preeeke nr+

(6) preLaz-Ll top!o[e 1'1;":

~ ~pc~J.ad:/"I_iu PDv"'~lmJ d:!_ Q,lil

unutrasl'I!e c~dl. (d,) "Nor, ;; O,B6 Ni.J:d idE)

8~d >-to ;l ";f-='S e

-r- ~r"~~7Llpo-v-m~u-- r-- --- -- ~~~f.-- -_. -

(1]f $P<'~Ji3'~Il~e ce:vd<; (d_J Nu .;;: Nu~ l] ~ O,tlJ <'1-) ,.]

Red!; ;. Hl; r.r:)o I t:l '--'I

r----r:~ p¢vr'~~ - ~ -- ~.- -- -- -- -- -

(18)' R"".-I>IO~: 1,1 ~$~ 2 NlI.!!" 0,9$ Nu

'-'-9 ..... 1 1+2 de-

!.a.m-'f'li'Jrnfi ~[t"IJJ'.1nje i.j pr,;:Jvorol k.~rl~JL1 pr s tunaa-

(15) I-Qg :pop r!;':i!:"'='l< pres(!ko'l pri pr e l e.zu topl oe e nil' cbe povr?irnoE! kanela

lie :-- 2JIH1, 1, I < ~ ~ 1

a;

ell)

112)

Op~trU'1i"'MJ" kUQle il.J~lir.<l-·I[]:~. O,6,1'I"<"S"IOJ

!'\=O.Z~ p r l zilgr~\I"r'Lj\j fluidi!; 1'1=0,19 p r l ~1~;!dj-~tUu flul da ; [luzlnil: H) - dU2i",) kar1a~<I;

~~~~~~~~~: ~ n!~fl ~ ~:~~~~d~;:5~~:~e ~:~ m ~!l!~:~;~ u~: 1~~~!; j~~ j~a~~~:, sre,j<1j a

Br-zinCl~ (Wlf - :<>recinj<3 brztns f!l),dil Oil u}a:<!'lom p-rt!!'ldO:1J '=o'Il'1ala:

Out'nr.;(d~) - ~~~!v~]e:t~~/~:dnlk ko-

A. L povr gl na pri!$ek./~fluidru:: s t r uj e ".. lo:1lfl,;:dJ.3 ;

o u OJl~Ir"J.Ilv~tLj t'lbi"l. bez obz j r a ko] i dec to~ o~im.1 I,ji";ri':~tvuje u r-az.rnet1i tor to t e ~

!:m~7 ~~~~r;i~ s;~ f~~; ~:;~~1 ~V~~~c:a:u r

qde jc tt, - s redn]e ~err~f.ratura po~r!ii.n.:; zfdldk<)j<l ":>-<' cd r edj uj e it t rrezo

««. -rtf I; f ~ -~ z

~-f =~ prl Q,S.·"i.:--:-7~~

I... ~

'Cf ~ r;z+{(~jl-tf;:1/~nU~flutl}/{tf2~tZ)JJ, gde 5U~ ~fl u 5red'1j.il ter'IL.pcf<'tu'---~ fluld& "a u}au"!l!1' p r e sekc , ~f'~ - s r ednj a t emper atIJora- Fluten 1'Ii';! r2I:O~"'<:l-i!t p re seku. u i z r eeu Z13 Gr, bt. j e (,f;!lik-a (t;:::-tfl,ijli Obf'1'I1ifO .Q.~~(tJ}~~re-dnjll br:dn--a f\uldll u cevt

( 1(."11 II ~ -I.l "

'N"r-I-d ~ lius5",ltov bmj Ol!re:t~je" pc ne~ort'

c ad i a r aaa za lu,"nLJhmtf1() 5truJanje (luijd~ u oro1lvoj ce'o'i i:iji je t:'l-jj! r.a~ r1j i pr""tn i k; jedf1ak. ek. ... ~va~ le~tn-om pro[/'i:Mi~LJ ~al'1a!a p5tel'l;J:;tog pOproP.t~::>g prt!seka

156

ODN05 DUZ l'P-lE I pI'."EtHi KA. {.EVj nld)
R, 1---.
I 1 5 10 1, z o I ], I 4, 1 50
1'11l" 1 ~ t, 5 I ~ 5 0 l,3.q 1.2:3- 1,17 1.13 \ 1,07 \ '" I I
:1_.'Eij" I lSI 1 ,'-I{I 1,27 1,18 1.q: ~ I I !J ~ • 0"5 1.02. 1
5·10" 1,)4 1,2) t ,18 1,1) 1,'11) ',Of; I ~ 1114 I 1,0'2; 1
1.10S l,n t ,22 ',1 S 1, 1-0 1,00 1,0. 1 .0 ~ 1,02 J 1
l',Ue; '1,14 '1.11 1 • n B ~ I {] 5 1:,04 1,03 ',[l2 \ • a ~ I
- . M " Leber c 8.4+8 VREDNOSTI

(OPSTfWJAVAHJE sNoPA CEV I)

Le ue j a 6.4.9 VREDNOST I KONSTANT I Co ! " PRI OPSTRUJAVANJU ClUNDRA kEVI)
He I 4 4 - ~ {j " - 4 ,0> 4 -40 ",0 41:J ODD - 2 ~{J O{Hl
C 0 0.9-89 o • 9 ~ 1 0.683 a , I ~ 3 iJ,026.6
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ij.15

p~zir;1.I; (id - vi':i,n« z~(I1l.. cll1"lIdrOl

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~ ~ ~: ~~:~~ i~e ~~~~:) < z~ l;';~~z~d~~ j ~l'~z t\~ j:¢~:~~ i ~:7~::~;)

1 ~I i oi..'mutaj.

Obi i k i po~ohJ Cvrsta povr5il"le. vr s t a -5Hllja"jr.

xar .. kteris t tcnc >,~I ~cine

Hori:zcnti!~ni c l l lnder 1·\0).<. (01'-P:r) ..; 1, lOS

0,511

r,u~l..!~.2_; (d} ~ spol j n l precflik (.I']nd,~

Tfllllpo:r",tu-r<l,o ltfl - s rennj a t<!m~erCltu~il ~llJjd(J rlalei-.o.v.:J zld a ,-11 indr a r:l.,jm u tz r ezu :1:3 q'z, .goJe j e I~ ~ !;t"o!tJn~a t:em;,:lp··nl.lr.a PQvr;,m; ;::',j,;,}. \.J t arezu ;;., G]·.t.t Je r a zli ka (;:~ - tf) (H j on-nuto) ,

(11

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{l.7 <. ?p .. j- Hl~

121

1J,76

ii,2.5

III

V~nikElIr.a povr s i ea l zl dv cl l l nder} (Gr·Pr} > l·l0~

157

Hor j ecnta !n1 c] ~ in.;j;l;(

{I) ifJ ~1n~ld Id. [!I)

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1,18

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(3) (I..-ilm'nanl-i;l kQr",,'-!k';ja)

thltiN:nt ... l"i Eilind" ...

11,) /l"OIrDLiI£:-nw.; io:.<.>.n.,..:o.kc'ja)

(;.1:"".'-',. ~ ~ 1)-'."

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4·, n' c '.~"~." .. I [J I!

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o~il.rla-: (d~ ~ ~poIJd~{1;i Fl" ..... .,a -- .:.ilj"~-r<l ,~j kUlli.q

T1!mpl!ratu~a: (tft) - htH:iI'j.a t",mpl:f".alturl f1ulda koja U od,...edj"j.,. Iz Ilt.llZa: 'f,J .. {~( + t ... ln,

e,25

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(Ii)

11.010 .... 5" \left lkoJo 11:1 i ~ I~ iTLi(D;_,jeiHl1ii );:"I"I'.Oik.:;]<I)

I O~ ~ :;;-rl'r ~ 11)-1,

0,7 <h'~ rc

0,11[)

o. il2~6 -1'1"1I.~~1 (1 -c , "9.1i.rr~>.f."'i, (&.~

lI.~var"l .. e r rr ketn l 21d (TLlI'''l.IJe{l~''.j. ko"vel<ci jil") 1(1') c C>'f",. e 1 OJ;o

M!!!!diJ) ~ 1I1~~tJoo$ ;[1".,

;~:~:11~~~~~ .. (~!j! :0: ·:':~:!ju;~~

iuan: tft .. I~f + ~.l1J'Z

~\lla IiOf'~(]'I1~a~a" z;c! (plO':'u) "a.rbtl! 51! l a r e a t 'koji .... ale- ::t ...... .,({;k.I"'n ,Id. pri ll!:lIIu l1i:Jbljol: .....

... r e dnc s t I il:a NOI5.!i!!lt~{l", tnoj I~"ba ccv e c e r : ,lll "'HI t u !-loIc..,j" ... ima kad;ll 'I!. prt!:I"l la~latot!: Yr-:!.i 1.11 no r nj e 1l"1:n~!i~.,!! ;,"H,jij n.,) fluid iii 5a f~uj<la" .... J(}~,ju pov'~'n". tJdni:J~h{l ,," .. lIonj'~' 1.1Io .... 30 'i. I.J $lu(.<lIJltvjma "-Ida s e e r e t a e loplu!" ",.5, 50l tJl,li.j.3 n.a gornJu p e .... diliLi zld .. i Ii Silo !.lenJ" pOY1~lfI'=' 0.1'1 rtur e . t:.iH:dq .... rh~l.i::n<l dL.l!ina I.t OliOi'll ShJ-{;djLJ jot': dulin .. Ir.t.llcOl!: ~t~ .... it; .. ti,;u Iplul:r).

la nltg'n .. c t I'ertilr;"dni ..,ioj "'Pi:r;I"Q~t ~i! NI1:;~~I~rH' b r u j t e e b e p~","~i!~~i :'3 c: ... lCQ1 ,)·~r1~ u'l-lu. l:4Jeyil2la k."ch 5", p r et a e tepielt!= IIrl,i sa 'lorn)oIi! ~lJvr!l,",e ;rId", n;llo fluid iii 5-';' f t u t de nllo dllonJu

... o ... ,.,Ji-n .... ""o'l$nQ 5'" ';'1 - (~D~ ~) ... ~.~~ OJ ~ju.:;-ilj>::'Ii"'o} :io;.ad" 1-0: p e e I e r t epto r e 'n~j i-i!' rluidoll flil'

ior .... ju povrj~n .. e t e Hij Sa dc n j e pOVfJUH! nil fluid, K.T.k'Lerl~tl!n. dLltlna 1.1 O ... iM 1:luf:.je ... i.&

J .. dullr..1t It,l.I {pl(jl~} I;tfJa ~"" v"qikd.~hCJ..tn III".h~ .l .. "I.'IPG .;d.tiH U901tQ''.

158

(9"" '"""" " ""''"" con

I e bet n 8.".11- KOEF1C1JENT PRELAZA TOPLOT( PRI STACIONARNO~ PROCESU F1LMSKE KONDENZAC]JE {ci'Stc 5UVOZiBic09nlO; i n e p o k r e t n e car e= ne z vr s r o j

nepokr-r;tno_j lz n t e r mn o ] po v r Li n l )

POiC)7;S1j pov r-s i ne i na-e Ffl c tl ccnjn fi)rntl kondenze t e

O,72B

2'.13.5 i cene p1'lre e" i ukupna ~(lpIot c i sp ar avenj a r- cdnnae '5iC na tempe r a r uj-u zi;'l~l'::enja (Tn) a fil.i:cko!; c sobine kor-denz ar a Lee inde ksom • ) na t empe r-e t u r u

PO\lrS lne zi da (1';:::). Za preg r e-

j anu perv urre e t.c r uze t r

I l ku ent.efpl j a i-~'",il z ... v11l2- nu paru rea l tku i:t-f~.

Pop r avka 2:;;' naqnu t l zi d [ne VOll~ ze napnutu cevt J je

\:, =-!~ ;;:8 ~'" -gOO f;q,"'~; ¢ - uqac l zmedj u 'lagnutDg zi da

1 hori~ontahl-e r avnl .

Pcp r-evka 7009 nrcmeot jtvc s t t fizicidh oscb ina kondenz a te OJ fi lmu

J ~,r I [I~37 51- \ .: \ c, 12.5

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(I)

SpOI jasnja povd i na nor iaontelne cevl ;

St r oqo t emlnar en

Karakt(ld~tlcnil duiintf

5poljilsnji p r e cn Lk

11)

0,;S5

SVIJ fil.lcke osool ee Kon.d-e'.i1.l&tl! ($,) indck~orn ~), ous t l na 5U1/0-

U"ut:r-o'l"Sn.j.or ptlvr$i~.., kr-e tke i1ori:mflti'ltne cev I pri malim br-z i nama doti canja pilr«

~Jrr d:.,:

He;;; V" ~ 3S·1[J3

K :> 5 r 1 ~ P:r c 101)

V€rtlki1lna pol,'rSlntl (zl d , spoUa~nja ill unu t r asnj a POIII" § ~ no) cev I) ,

0)

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- Iur bu l cn t an not dnnj em detu povr sl ne

15)

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Kp

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ae O,5~ p~2 i 0,1 ~*i~ 1 Popr-a v ka ze valov' to oti;::Mj~ f"i Ime kondel17at1l.

1::1) = 1 fir,..." 1

IN;;_\{)·OJ, &

Ev ""\ Jl.PT'/ ZiJ l -: XPr~4{J{)

u" - br zl n e cotl cenj e pare:

Sme r dot I C1H1j.e pa r e pok I ape: ae 5a smer-ce otl e anj a konde-r-

ae te .

'''l lJ pr ak s i i piH"e knj<l uo tlc e {s t r uj l ] metom br zinnm.

/~,

I I

/T. be 1. 8 _ •. I Jj' KOEF I Cl JENT PRELAZA TOPlOTE PR I STAC 1 ONARNOM PROCESU F IlMSKE

\~ // KONDENZACt.JE (e r s t e auvc z a sl c eo e pe r e k u ] e s t r u ] I du! - ako

--.._.....----- c v r s t e nepakretne t z o t e rmn e po v r sl ne )

Br ,

Po~oi.gj pcvr-jtne i nac~t1 Izra.zi.la ccredjtven je kaefh:.ijent<'l

(T) - tempe ra rur a

S .za§icenj-a;

pre.~a:;:a topl o re

Ke r akt.e r i stf(:f1e "e~ iline

S.p<?~ja5nji'l povdi ~n .. bort:mntalr.f': c~vi; l emf n .... r-oo ox ~ .. enje f"i)~ kondefl.l: ... ta.

;,;;; - Nus sel r-ov broj pd fn",~~oj

o kcndenzec I j i ne.po:k.retne pa r-e iTl:lbela8.4.l1.bl".1}.

Uo .- ~;7f.;~:~:~~jP~:~::~l~~~l~t~e_

pckretru;'! pare i

aw ... kcef l c ll ent nreleze tcpl c ce

pr l f l tmeko] kondenzecl ] l par e koja s t r uj i ;

iJr. - brzin('j pare: l sp r-ed cev l i

wn - b r z t ~a pare i sp r-ed ce v i 1.1 n--tors r-edu c e v nog enope I

Dui i n-a r (d ) ... spolJdnj I preenik

--- :;. cevi :

{l)

- 1 _ w" pllo.C

• 800

$po\jasnja. .povdifna hori ... zonte )ni h c.evi U cevnom !inOPIJ; ~arnln~rno ctl eenj e f 11m~ io.onoerlUt.iI

Ilwi - aWl (:,

u - koe fl c i j ent p releze [oplote p r-'

WI v09 reda (lab.ela 8.4.12.", br.ll

n

1:1 ;wl A I

Temperatura: (T ) - temoes-e rur-a za-

:s s l den j e ;

';

- popra"ki31 111:1 lit l ce] kondenza1;1;1 kojr ae .. I iva 5i'lgornjlt"l orecove ne i-ti red;

{sl lka 8.4.151;

- koefici lent pr eteae toplotf!

I-tog :r~da;

Ai - ukupna povr:( I 06 i - [09 r ede ;

Ako j e A I :;; A,2 :; .". ::;; An' taoe je

<; r-!ldn j e vr edno s r pop revke ;t:('! ceo cevn i snap cd n redo ve {!i~ ~k;; 8>1.~1u);

" -

_ n:li.l:wi ..... Clw,Sr. "--n- • Clw1 t.i"I

'";l -koe f l c l j ent pr-el az a toplot e

w. ~Hl J:a ceo cevn i srtcp :

UtlCJ!r;r~r.ja pewrs l na vert'kil.ine c evi; i~lT)ll"l:",,"r-c , Vii lov i to o t F c.anje

fi I~ "(:>ndenzilll~.a~

~.) "t

~ KPr- ~ ~OO

DI)2iO(l; (du) - • .mutri3:5rlji pr"ecc'lik c. e 1/ ~ ;

-;:';"1 - brl!tna ps re na ut ezu u cev

\5,mer s t r uj anj a pare pokhpe 5<:'1 sa sme roe ct. i canJ a li.ondenla.l;~f •

- vt stn a -c:el{l:.;/

w" d li~::;;T

_ r

- ~'p (1'$ - Tz)

PI' =- ~ ; Nu.w';;- "(;wJ..d.;:_

IJ)

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N",PI ~ CR.t 0.8 "PI' ij,4l1 [_A+.I:1 I;; - 1)

i" ~+X2 {~- l~J

,

Onutr.aiin ja po",r-sif'la vert ikei ne i ho,,!zo-nralrre cev i j turbu1entm~ o ticanje fi lma "oild~l'l.:tdtil

'm ,

Re = --:-"""""""Td$m :'5·1El3;.Pt'=~ ..... ,

"II c'' a

I"'"l~ro - oeeen t pro rok mesavlnl;";

xi - s repen suvcce pare na u I azu ;

:r:{ - ~tlllpen suvcce pare na izlal;Ui

~: {db.) - 1Il1uuas n j i prt!cnik

cevl i

Temperatura~ (T-:;) - t empe re rur a zasic~nja;.

C - 0,021, 2;' tel ~cne cev i

12.2 <; p <I; S8,2 bar

C"" 0,032 ze bitkarne .c-flV~

\leFt j 10: e he; z ~d;. l~l!ii nerno i ... .alovi-to o t t cen] e fi 1- mil kcndeeae ta;;

~II - br-zi na ca re ;

[lui ~na: U) - vl etne rlce

Temperatura: (1'~) - ~:,::~:~~~~a

r ... - ~~~~:~k;.~~l~):'-!lj br-z l ne pare

jj~pjl ~>O.I

K ::;; c: "(T1' -7 ) ; Pr ::;; ~ i Nuw s z

159

160

161

T .. bl!la 5.1t. I~ - KOHlCI.Jt:NT PRELAzA -rOPLOT!: PAl RA.ZVIJE.NOM MEH"URASTOM KLJUeANJU TEtHosn NA tVHSTOJ IZOTE"RKNOJ POVRS ~ M I

c,

Bc.

IOj"c'-l'Ije re.i::nc,u i .. 1101:1 i ~ Io:.-oj u,p"'61Iin~

{prirodna ~O(l"'l!.k[..ij.a)

_,

3.91"-'1-0 ~O.3n -I

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u • - ,

Karlilkn:risticna dkotinijo j-e: .(! 'p ~<l "J'

t ,,"' (1' o'j;~

5-"'1:: rtd&kol! ,,~abJne- eezocs e t (u in.:j"k~ scm ~/' gu~timl !lL:IiCl.il.a!50ft:1lnEl par-e ~,II i

-r.ae 1.66 y~y~m" ~ClpIQt;il. i5pin<l ... ar~Jo r- cenoee se nOl 1;~j;'''~:nHurY ~~$i~el1jii (l~J.

{o,65l (O,(5) 0111;1 l er-ez t Yille z e :

I".~jkl~.anje t,=,~nQ~ti u vet iIo:!j Up'.f:I'I'II .. d

tpr, rcdna ~on ... ejcc l JoIiI)

(0,12.5)

l,-6.(; --'_£':'oIi2DIl KP}'c,u~ .p"

{IO-2~ ~1'~ ~ ~ IO~~)

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O,B'(' ~Pro:; 7,6 (l.0"5 '" P ~ 175 o e r

(prlr<io,jti;t. I<""""'.""j .. - OJ-~rokeni in.u:~1

I ~p ~:HI b<.Ir'"

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f----t---------j---------+--- -- -- -- - - --

~ %:t" iI:Z v il7. i z a :

fi'o-!:i'lrak pro!.l..az;!II >".lIzloIijenog

n.ehurastQg kIJuc .. ~ja u /&) .. Ml 11:~.444 p/,~E'ili pi!

filM!,,"o kIJu~.cmje [prvo i! krl ;J'

krizllO It.anjel

(I,Sb.:s Pl.' ~ t:3,1

~ .:s: p ok: 165 DoH

.. ~ o > • c 0 c

~~ ~.

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u ~ kcef l c l jee r Pf"t:IOl.t1.1: tcpto';lte prl

... FP'-'hu:r~"$~(](1"1 Idjwi'.~nj'd t~-Eh(l$[i k<>jill 'iuujl J. ... a.z .c:", ... ;

; .... koo!:fic..!jef<t .[Hel",z;"l; rcp tc e e .p,-' pdnudn-om s;.ruJanju j.ed!1of.u:nc 1;:1:.l;~ ... tj kroi' 1;<: ... OaboC:~a 8.4.', br. s}o

~k - kceflc l j errr prclaZoil rop Iue.e p r !

IIIl::f'l-Irij'$t(lm idju.c; .. ~,j" tcC;.nQ!it·~ LJ. ... ~I j:K()j :.I.;'Irro:o;rrlini •

u ... tl t ar ez l yah· za vod1J ~Tf: l":p.( 86ibiH'; -0,2. "':1.1"" 6.7 ~h .. ; Ilpr~irl"5Ki u-d-eo pa re -c 70 %.

I":"Q-" ~ 0 • • >

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10j .... I:."J .. t.',coo~ti

ji ... -t: 'Hrl.ljllt'lj.ll k.raz ~"'\l1 \pri;)u.anil kQl"1vc.l<.dj.al

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s ~ I k a 8. ,*,19 N-(llflograrn z a od e-ec ] l v an j e Reynold,,-ov"9 b r o ] 21

Pt"ime'r: W'';; 1.8 m/'S; p ~ Ot7 kg/ml; [= 0,2 m; n = 2{HI·IO-·P..,·sj. + He ~ 0.60.

163
d
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5
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S-IH.8 8.4.20; N:omogrOlm:tit c e r-e d j l v an j e Pr-andtl-ovog btoja

p~'m.r' 0 = 2a'10-' P.'.; ¢p "1 kJ/lkg·K); l = 0.0' W/(",·n, - Pr ~ •• 1.

164

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o

Sl~ka B.~.21 Mo~ogr~~ za odtedJfvanJe Grashof-Qvog broJa Prim.~; p = 75D «g/.'; = O.G002 1/x. bT = 40 K. Z = 0,0) m; 1'lI = to-O0410 .... P,PI-; .... G:i' = 1,192'10'

, I

10'

o

8,5 RAZMENA TUPLOTE ZRAtENJEM

8,5.) • TERMICK[ FLUKS PRl ZRf,CENJIJ SIVE POVRstNE TELA "1" NA 5lVU POVRSINU TELA "2"

~ C • (:

a red

Co"" 5,&7 W/(m1K~) - k on s e en r a a r ad e n j e e p s ol u t n o c r n cq t el e

F:-red - r e c uk cv an l k oe f t c I j e n t e ml s l j e pri u z e j emn o m zrilcenjll p cv r sl ne tela II~H na povrsinu tels H211

A .Za zatvorene sisteme lpro~tor potpono ogranl~en povr~~narna~ povr~ine S~j

me o j us obnl m r e s t o j an j e m U o dno s u tI<I nj 'hove dl me n z l j e ~ c I Li n d r Lc n e p c v r- s f n e Sa m,-:;l 11m p r e c n t cl rae U o dnos u n e n j l h c v e d ufl ne , sl ud e j e v l 1,2.3.4,5.6, i 16-

"r e b e s e 8.5.5).

B .z a o t vo r e ne sl s t e me k oc k c j I h j e r-e fl e k t o v e n o z r ec e n }e "'2 m alo u o dn o s u nil! z r n c e :-

n j e A1,--sll}cdjeI,'T 7~ B. 9.10.11 .• 12,13, liJ 115 Tabela 1.3.5.S, pri prori:lCLln\m;;

z e o r e k t Lc n e s v r he , ruo z e s e r s k o rl s tl t I l z ra z :

If 11 ¢ J 2A 1

qe ome t r t j s k l f ek r o r u z e j amn eq z r ac e n j a po v r ii l n e tela "1"

Napomcl1-a~ Izra~:;::,o: t e r m l c k l fl u k s n r t z r ac e n ] u mc z e s e n ao t s e t l u ob Hku ana-

l o c n c rr t e r ml c k cm f Lu k s u n r t k on vek ct j L, n1'l s t e de c I n act n :

w

0z Cil·e - Koeficijent prelazn tQplote tracenjern

,_,_ t e mp e r a t u r s k l k oe F i c l j e n t

H]~ - e f ek t l vn e po v r sl n a r s ac e nj e , an e l o qn a p ov r s t n l r e vno q z l de karl konYll.kc i j e

165

m e 1 j m

166

H • t . I '!i t8nJI'l povd:lrloe t ~ 0- C c n
AlumlnlJum gl'lJba is C- .070
po~ I r e n e 23 a, 040
225 0,039
575 0,057
1,'.1 J .ana 170 O,O)G
ek e l d i sIn. ~d iiOOoC 200 Do. no
600 D,l9D
- tim •• k r-avavl!!. - 4) ~,2 1 ~
Bakar (e l e k t r-ol Lt l Ek t .e t s r ) f 1 no p o l (r--II-n. 80 o ,{J t 8
p c Ii r e n .. 20 0,0)0
115 0,023
ok ~ I d I !I. flnl 1)0 0,760
ok" I d I !.an. p< I 6000t 200 0,570
600 0,550
I,o'I!o l ] ana - 0,640
t c p l j e n e --
IOJ5 01160
1275 [1 ~ I :H,l
- c e v - - Q,360
Bl:k-ilr-n l oks I d - 800 0,660
11 (10 0,540
I!c rm • a t -s .... e t I. 80 {l.340
C 11'1 ~ poll ran-tl 2)0 0,045
325 (l ,053
UI'I'In. 20 0,250
50 b,:21 0
2Bo o ,2lD
OK sl d I fdH'LIII p r I ljOO()C 400 0',110
- pOI;: I nkov .. n ~ qVDzdenl $0) IIIJ n a 28 o ,l2 B
11m
5 i V(J oks I d h-.nil 24 0,216
~e 1 i k ok s I o l e e n e , h r-e p e v e 40 0,940
no 0,970
iJiq,idi s.anll pd 6aoDc 200 0,190
600 01790
- lim brl.l~enl!o 940 0,520
II 00 0,61 n
\1'" 1 J."'i1 20 0,570
.. ~ l o j e m ek s l de, ~-ra.llv. 25 0,800
- ce. 0 0,745
- no {l- t 800
tel I t':n I 11. PQII fin .... 77" o f5ZO
10110 0156(1. 167

n. .YO
" . t • I $t.nJe: pOYr-~."C" e , DC 'n
tivo.ldJe {e.hkt:rolltll!ko) t"i:no po' l r ane 175 .0 ,052
22, .,OH
po$lrililn. 4i5 6,1 ......
10i< .,377
oj .)"0 I zbrtJlef'l" iO '0,2 '+0-
jako za"dJ.I. 20 0,850
c:'Ik.~dl ran ... .g1.U:.o 125 0.780
525 0,820
va l J .n. 20 0,770
v e tr'o .. t.~"., a-ksldlu ...... 80 0,613
- 11m gl.t~. 900 0,660
i O~O 0.600
- I1Y8no . n.Dbr.dJ~n. 925 0,870
1115 0, ,,"
Hfom p el t r e n e 150 0, ass
fh·D:rTI"i:;e~ He 11m oksldl,afJ-iI' - 0.870
~rom .. n'kt - 5' o,6~0
1035 0.160
IC.I aJ 'J a)n~ 20 c fIJ70
-ka 1.1 !Ii."; i!·L 11m - 24 ~ :~~; do
""lIng_nl.,.. va\J4II'1" I 9 I .t-ka I I B O,HB
MI!;!llng e e sl r e n a 19 {t ,0500
]00 {l-,Q 32
(amna 56 o ~26:Z
338 -Ii ~ 2 2 1
v e l Jan .. t gn.lb. z {) ,060
ol<.,idlt;.na JJ8 0,220
('lit!! I d I $0811'1. p,1 (,OO¢C 200 t) ,61C-
600 C I 50'90
1'I()1 I bden - "I t . 725 01096-
HOD 0,292
'HId p e 1 * r .. tl .. '00 °IOAiS
230 ., ,b1n
375 0,087
oJu i d 1 .... n. I DO 0, I;j 1C
t.ml\l zn 0,111
- lie. . 185 °t096
1000 0, .86-
- p on I lit I D-¥ an i
g-vo:zd.nl 11 .. ,,011 r.n .. H 0,056
~ 1 ~ I - DIc.$ld . 650 .,5' •
1255 0.8'. 168

Td,ela 8 .. S~3 - kae.ficLJ*,"tl -r:m;sEJe :zr.l!:f!'nJ.a IJ p e ev e u norM.le n. :pO'H~ln1J :r:. nill' .... O

t«lhnl!!Ir;e: m.tcdJa'Ito=")

" . t . r t J ~ 1 Sto!lnJ e 'Po"'r-~ l ne tJ DC 'n
Arbest . k.rton - 2~ 0,9160
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210 0.950
- ploll! z a k'ov(!kd IJ .) - 20 0,960
8C! ton h r .p ......... 38 0.9110
CAd) 0 O. ,945
370 0,945
D 1;1"1":5 cp e k a 9 I.,I;IJ I)san e , I'H"BpaY. 1100 0,850
nl!g I e:dJ0s..n ... "" .. pavlII 1-!H){l 01800
0 r v 0 rand I '$,n1:l n 0.90"
70 0,925
- buko'Vo r en d t i.-ra 70 0,935
- h r .. e e evo r-e n d I san.!! 2 1 0, BBS
G I p s - 0 1J,900
H' D ,900
G-I I n a pe Een e 70 0.910
Gran I t b..-u~c:n ... - 0,":1;7
Guma -mt!:ka $ i v e 24 0,'350
-
- t v e d .. ern ... h r .. pa ... ,eI 2~ 0,95"
Ko r IIndCIf pr'illl n. pap i r u hr.etp.vl!!; 80 0.BS5
f--"'. . l ep~nlo:,.jII - to " .930
I( r c vn a
It .... " r c I tQP t J en h ... :p .. "," .. 20 0.930
Lcd g I.t-ltil 0 0.,66
h:rilp ..... a I 9 r ub I 10...-1 "It.if 0 0.985
II "(11 e u m - 20 e , BSS
K.!Igne:r~ t n e opekll - 13,0 0,390
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g I .. tk. 4 b .. ul1!n .. - 0.5~5
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Palllul., - - 0, 7~0
p"" 1 r - 26 o tBDe
95 o t92-D
flC'$alo: s uv z n 0.900
y 1.I.n 20 0.950
Poe ~ ~a r ql e t k a , h:ru~b"". - 0,576
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Slllkatn. opek;;I h r.l).va 1000 o t800
1220 0,660
Snll!9 Sy-c!t!: Mollpilld.o a D ,820
SI[.ldc gl .. tlt.e. 20 0.91:1(1
90 o .9~0
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100 0,665 ,I:) V'df!.ti napoml!nu l:za r ebel e 8.5~-'f

169

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~kr 11 Ja;:; b r u s en a 60 0.665
200 0,665
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uq a 1 J, l;1s.[ b r-v ~ e n 11 125 D.810
625 0,790
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I ~05 o ~5JO
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100 0.960
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9'".1 0.'350

SI.i'lnJc povr?; i ne

200

AiumlnlJuffl.5koe e o j e ·{r.":lr.e) b r e n e v e , ql a t k a 10n {I,27-0,67

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[.-b.9S'f.n glalk.e nemet a l n e po v r s t ne.

F.-0.q8·~ ;ra nraDilV!! povrg l n e .

170

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8.5.~ - GEOMET~IJ~KI fAKTO~1 I EFF.KT1VNA pnVR51NA UZA,IWNCG ZRAtENJA ZA '~FKf 'SLUtA~:FEV!7

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lJ1!~Jal1">.n1 pcl c f e ] nbl l k p ev r Lt n.e

(lye pcYrs I ne ob r a z u j u z a r> vo r-e ... 1 sls t e e-e • Hanj!i p o v r' !i i n a r, i joe: lIyr-,utP..

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p o v r s I na uz a] amn.oog z r e c e n] B

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cn r k e p r o l s r l k r c z $o1'edl ~tl! e t ewen t e r ne p ov r » ~I n e

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D v a pa r I'll e I n a e t lin d r OJ "joo\l t s tl m prei!;nlcim"

13

Ne cc r e nt c e n a r aven i j e do o r e dn l snoop ce v i

, 5

ne o c r aor z e n a r e v e n (1) i -snop ee v l (2.) sa nv r ee ov s c e .... i

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5.<'I"'toji ad POVf"sif\.(l. I t 'l k r o z koje 5~ o r o vod l topt o t a i r-eflektivne p ov r r

16 sl n e R k o j c n e p r o vo d I xopt o t u

'Pod::.lucaj s l uc e j a b r . 16;; necc r en t e en a r evcn (1) i 1621 j e de o r e dn t i l I d-\loredn~

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vo dni.c ama , Pri tom s u ski c e o op r ec » t p r e s e e l c i Li n d r i c ni h nov r jl n a ; A.~ ":2 ~td. 50(!. s vode hOI ~ m du f i ne s l s t erse ,

173

e [T/IOO]' • [TllGO]' t {TIlOO]' t ! {T/l00]'
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15 68,9' 290 lOO5~a 640 6,953 1280 5B,19'
20 n,85 300 1079,1 650 7,26) 1800 61.2Li6
25 79,02 ) 10 1156 660 7,582 1320 , ... t421
3D 8~, 46 HO 12 )8 670 7,91 ) 1340 67,717
35 90 t 17 )40 '413 680 8,254 1)60 71, t 38
40 96 ,16 350 1508 690 6,605 1 )80 74,688
4, 102,45 'M 1601 700 8,968 1400 18.368
50 109,05 310 1711 720 9.129 1 ~20 82,18)
55 115,96 )60 1820 740 10,536 , 440 86,. 35
60 Hl,2 390 '934 760 II ;3') 1""0 gO 122'
65 1)0,7 40. 2053 780 i 2 I 302 1480 ,It tlt66
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80 l:55,5 430 2 4~5 8 •• l5.351t t 540 108,08
85 164.5 4"0 2587 860 16,4B7 1560 112,96
90 173,9 450 2715 880 17 ,68~ ISBO 117.'3
ss 18).7 460 28B9 900 1S.,.a.t 1600 123.11
loa 193,9 ~70 3050 ,~O H,H7 1610 128."5
110 21S,5 480 ]t18 e'~O 21,660 16iJo 18S,n
120 ~38 ,9 ~90 3392 O,U 23,124 16&0 I l'.6G
1)0 I 26~ ,2 SOD 3573 'BO 2",661 .680 11t5 J53
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160 352,. 530 4161 10100 >9,7)4 17~O 16.1j t4:5
170 385.7 540 "372 1060- 31,588 176. 110,81
180 ",2' ,7 550 .5'1 lOBO B,5H 1780 '77 ,10
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Ho 6 •• " 600 5812 n8. ." ,5'" 18BO 21",93
uo 6"., .uo '7 •• ,6 .,00 223,03
250 7",0 174

8.5.7 - TERMICKI FLUKS ZRAtENJA 00 SMESE GASOVA CO, I H20 NA SIVU POVRSINU TELA

c; - e f ek tl vn l kce f t cl j e n t II'lmi-stje sl v e pc v r rl ne

e ... kO'l!'ficlJent emlslJe sl ve pe v r s l n e

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t! - pop r e vk e z a r.i!ll~ll.itl! v ee dnc s t l PH20

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a"~O - kOflHc.1jent e p s c r p c t j e vode ne p e r-e

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j a I n i p r l ti sak vo de oe pare PH-O-+G b e s- (Z,-e;_fe.ln-

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hbalo 8.S.7.6 - EFEKTrVKE DEBWlNE SLOJA SMESE GASOVA KOJI IRACE

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:~N vvs toe r ebr-a ; 5] - popretn1 k~j'"ak Cl!vn09 snoon : fi") - :POdL1Z"~ Korek cevneq 5nDp;,; o}-k-(:>f!fkijf.nt ne r avoe.ae r no s t l pre~al:.a

r cp Io r e S[I oov r s j ne F<:'t>ra;

'i'''-O.9-7 ~ a • .[)5~ mt pr l m~=/{i:'ln1"·2"'O.3~3 1

,;--!<.orak "~I;>'<l n<l ,;to'v'"

{pr : )(J-O<cR(l..:.2.~·!IJ~ 1 j':~·':4.8

l<'liJ.d.a (L7.S-.;:! ~ VREhNOSn KONSTANTl C I 'l

~ 1- • f;",,,-oo'--!;-u e cv ~ \I~ s, til- l1('lrHf!~nir. r.er aj.t e r Islic.nl'
" 9.tlOPU r eba r a V~, ''" r r-e , r":~po."er:<:
III Killl.ll= (J.lt7 C,12
r-- I<.[)ril1a)'";;o" DuzirLe: k)~j.:o-
rBI-: re bre "" (.!:.v i ~
(2) «vs c r at na [I> HIli- tl.n ;;;~~:~t~,~~~:;;~: ,i
nllflnmerw \.)I},,; i
III Ks-uz rs a [";,2.5-1 1l.65 a. 7 _ s. 1; ~~ d , ,
i-- !.<1hov~1-; \ ,i~-n.1 i llil"IJI"t"("1u
" t ebel l 8,7.5.1
14) r vedr e tne 0,2)1 (JitoS 'rebe t ii 8-.7. $.3 - POPRAvKA [_ NA llT I CAJ REDOVA U 5NOPU

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'1,00-4

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O,8il-7

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Il(c-:!L!lr-ov.;m i !' redl'l,; \ kD~ f i c i j Il'l'll i p r-e I i>Zi3I roo r ate: -;;: (",1.1",.:1""" ("1;1, I (t,-- ru v ·.--~ il1<:> ~>..-.:>t-r"'nn:J

etemee t e i terW.J-c.r!l-tu..-!;j.a! !"~ulIIo:JJ u :i.:orer"<IJ r eur n odor, X) -; ~ (sveden no'! 1 m~ o!;n-Ollti"

f:"Cl\"T~I"E' elemen t .. - Sfo'lH:e prw,-ld"-E! i rerope re r er s ku r ez t ik,_, ~ kor enc ((!l',..-" od I K)

"pc = "I' ;:, "+"m ~:C ' c~: i pei::;-I"' "DC ~ "I I;' ,<~), ~~

.pr'F

que -:;.u: ,1 - povri,nu r enr s : .. ~ ~ ru-vr!i;"~ e+cracn tn : - lI~p o snovne covr s l n e

~zfIL(!dj.u f"~-bara; Jl '" It -t- /: '!_ or e b r eeerq CfW'r.f.:"[I! i ~ ~[JefJcilE"( e flk a s r

rehr"; -?J ~ Q~ r oor- j I I:n~f i I: P '-"~<l1" 1:.(lP 10 t e s e uov r:> I ni' ~(!!H"', Cl. ... -s-rcllnj I

!{f)r:r;~i.i~"~ r-~,,1A~-= SiJ- O~t)0vn<:, povr r t ne il"-m{':~~L' r-eba-(;,

~------------~--------____j

8.7·5 .r. REnUKDVANI KOt:1"IC1JENTI PRELAZA TDt'UHE

r.

="0 = =r : ~ 'I + CJI1'

195

9. SAGOREVANJE

'l e b el e 9.1 - TOPlOTNE Motl QSNOVN1H GORIVA

.'
·c en H, S
gornJ .. donja
MJ/!<;mol 393,6 283, I 286, Q 240,8 296,6
I1JJkg 32.74 lO.l I 142, 0 119,6 9- ~ 26
MJ/m~ 17.56 12,64 1 z ~ 77 10.75 13,24 T.b.l. 9.2 - TOPLOTNE ~DCI NEKIH r,~SOVA

H a z i y Oznak.a (,U'5 tina Hp Hd
1.::9/.,..1 K.J/kf' kJ/kg
Ace t I t e n C 1 H ~ 1,1 SB99l 5&940
AmQnijak NH 1 o ,771' I72S0 14! 93
ae nz c l C61'1.6 J. ~90 I~. 371 i ~o J"
N-bu tan C ~ He 0 2,7" J I I J~O 19
1<3552
s u e i I en C ~ H ~ z , SO 12 I B1B \ i 3839
E r an c:!: H ~ I • 35~ 70.t, 6~)5'
e t I len C 1 H ~ 1,26.tl b4016 59955
Me t an I Oi~ 0,]\68 J9BSB 35131
Prop an i C!H -!- 2, (J 19 101 an 9357S
Proplien i C ,1-1 ~ 1,'9-15 9437" BBl16
SI}mporvodnn-lk I ~~ , S SO, 1.539 25707 236H
S vmp o e v oc cn t k n z s SO, 1.539 JO I 45 28, 35
Ug 1 j e n-wo n ok s i d I co 1,250 lt6 .. 1264'
VaGon i k H, o .0898 12770 '0760 Teb el e 9.3 -ZAPREM!NSK! SASTAV I TOPLOTNE MOC! NEKIH GASOVITlH GORIVA

S;;u til" u ~ Hg Hd
G . , -
H, co [U ~ C.._H ... co, H, kJ/~~ kJJm~
Grot l e n I g" 4 28 , - - 8 60 40bl 3977
Ko!<;'!O n I go, 50 8 29 ~ 2 7 2' 56, 19259
M.t:~an I g"' 12 ,8 3 0,2 1 S. ."8 '6029
.Hondo ... -;las 25 ,i • 0,3 rs '3 6490 5820
Go, I. k amenQg ...g I j a 17 7 .8 , ) J 2 ) 1945 28973
SVf! t I e..': I go, S I 8 32 • 2 3 21944 20~73
VJI-J:du~n~ g" 6 23 J 0.2 5 62 502. 4815
VDd~n ! go, 49 42 0,5 - 5 J 11765 lOB02 196

r ••• l e 9.4 - MAS~Nl SASTAV I TOPLOTNE Mot I NEKIH TECNIH GORIVA

tI..,,,,l h-ka Gus tina Sas t,a..,., u % H H.
Gorlvo e "
formula kg/m! c h O+H! s kJ/kg kJlkg
Alkoho I, 95% ellis OH B09 52 13 - - 29726 26796
Sen z in 760 80,7 14,2 5, I - 45217 42035
eee.e e ~ Cf;H-w; 875 91,7 7,8 - 0,5 42287 40403
Hek"$ an c, rtJ" 660 B3,6 16,4 - - 4814B 44380
He p tali Cl'Hh GBl B3,9 16, l - - 4B023 44422
1\ s I ~ 0 I C.H I ~ B6l 90,5 9,5 - - 42831 40696
MIE!. tan mOtor"f1 ~ 920 77 " aD ,. 2,0 - 50911 48567
Oktajl C e H L • 700 8Li, E 15,9 - - 47B13 4425'
Pl'jn'tan C·dil2 626 8l.2 16,8 - - 48651 44882
Pe t r cl e ] BID 85 15 - - 41868 39175
Dlzifd 90- ... 1110- 87. B6,6 12,9 0,2 0,3 44715 4(84)
Toluol (.·di~ 867 91 ,2 I B,8 - - 42496 40528
u I j e z a l o f e n j s, I H OIl'+H;:
- \,01":0 900 85,4 12,3 0,7 1,6 44799 42D77
- teH.(l- 950 8; ,0 11,7 1,2 2,1 43961
417B4 T.bel. 9.5 - MAS~Nl SASTAV I TOPlOTNE MOC! HEKIK CVRST!K GORIVA

G 0 r I Sas toilv u % Bd
v Q
C h . 0 n . w kJ Ikg
p r vo 39,3 4,7 - 34, I 0,4 1,5 20 14277
Trese t 40 I 3 3, B - 22:1 1 0,8 8 25 14528
Hrkl "9-1]
- 11 gn It '-9,6 8,7 0,. 16,7 0,6 7 20 19678
- ob I ~ n ~ 52,4 l,9 0,8 17,2 0,7 10 15 20725
- "SJ .ajn I 5B,4 4,0 2,4 14, " 0,8 12 8
232J7
*".al!l'Fenl .gol J I
- s u ... l 75,2 4,6 0,9 6,8 0,; a 2 26913
- z a ga1EOkaclJu 74, B ", B 0,7 6,6 1,1 10 2 29Hl
- m,.:s .. v l 83,8 2,7 0,7 2,9 0,9 7 2 32322
Antra-c:l t 85,6 1,8 0,7 2,0 0,9 8 1 31192
D rven t .gol) 79.0 3,1 - 11,9 - I 28,96
5
~ok:!o !oMedJe-g ug 1 .l a 68,9 1,7 0,8 3,0 0,6 20 5 H361
till.ta'uf'~kl kOK1 67,} 0,5 0,9 0.8 0,5 8 Z )0103 10, POMOCNE MATEMATICKE TABELE

Tab.l. 10.1 - BESSELOVE (CILlNDRltNEl FUN~C]JE

z Jo(x) Jl [z) Y, (=) y 1 (x) ToC::;) Il (:t.) Ko(l7:) Rl (x)
0,0 + 1 ,'0000 +0 I 001)0 -""" ! -. +1 ,00 IJ +O,CHHIG ~ .
0, ; 0,9975 0,0499 -1,5342 -6; 11590 1,003 +0 I 0 50 1 21.!t2;tl 9,BS,S
0,1 0,9900 0,0995 1 10811 3.3138 1 ,010 0;10 I 005 1,75n 4,77oG
0, J 0.9776 G ,; 4 83 0,8073 2,2931 1,013 0,1517 1 ,3725 ),0560
0, • 0,9604 O,19fJO o ,6060 1 ,7Btl-9 1 tOI.!() G I t040 1 , ! 1 ~ 5 '2 I I B4lt
0,5 -'+-0.9385 -+-il .242 '3 -0,4445 - \ ,4715 1 ,O~) 0.2579 0,9244 ; ,6564
0,6 0,9120 0,2867 0,3085 , ,2604 ; ,092 ~,31 J7 o , 7775 , ,302B
0,7 018612 0,3290 c , 1907 1,1032 ; , 126 n ,l71 9 0,6&05 1,0; OJ
0,8 0.846 ) I} d61:!8 -0 t 08tB 0,9761 1 ,167 0,4329 0,5651 018618
0,9 0,8075 'r., ~O 59 1'0.0056- 0,8731 1 12,). n ,1i'J71 n ~ I.t Sf, 7 0,7165
1,0 +0,7651 +(],~~Ol .O,OB8l +0,7012- 1,266 0,5652 (l,-I4tHl n , 60 19
1,1 0,719" 0,4709 n ,1622- 0,6981 I , ]16 0,6375 0, Jb;b 0,5098
, ,2 0,6711 o ,'9B3 O,22Bl {J ,6211 1, J g4 ~,ll~7 0,3185 a ,4~'6
1,3 o ,62{l1 O.522.Q 0,2865 D,5.85 1 , ~69 0,7973 0,2782 0,371>
1 " 0,560 0.5419 O,BB 0,4791 ; ,55, 0.8861 o ,H37 d.3208
, " +iJ-, 5 11 8 +Q1SS7'3' +0> 18z" -0,'12, 1 ,647 I}. q fll7 e .11 3B fI, "-774
I ,6 0,.554 o ,5699 0, '204 0, J 476 1,750 1 ,oB5 '0. lSSO 0,240.6-
1,7 0,3960 0,5778 0,4520 O.201Q "& ,864 I ,19& 0,1655 0,2094
i I a IJ > 3fl 00 0,5015 o,477~ e , 223 7 1 .ss o 1 • J 1 ) u t 1459 0,1826
1 ,9 a ,281 B 0,5811 0,2968 (]-.16j,4 2,12B I 1 ,~~ 8 0, I 2Be 0,1597
2,0 +O,Z239 +0,5767 -to. S' 0-4 -0, 1070 l,lBO I > 591 0,1139 e , 1399
2, I -a + 1 6£6 0,5683 0,51 B J -Q,OSI7 2, •• 6 , , )'5 O,100B D, 1 Z2 7
l+2 (]:,1 1 Q4 G,556-0 o + s z n 8 -t 0 • 0 [j1 S 2:.629 1,91, 0,08917 n , HI79
z , 1 0, OSS 5 0,5399 0,5 \ 8, 0, 05i 1 2,8)(J 2,098 0,0791" O,0949B
2,4 u > 0025 o , 510;;:: 0, SH}~ 0, I 00 5 J,049 2 ~ 19 ~ 0,07022 O,OB372
2,5 -o,04B4 +() 14:;71 •• ,4g81 +G,1459 3,290 >,517 a, 06235 0,07)89
2, ,; 0,096 8 0,4708 o ,~B 1 J O,18SJ, 3,553 1,755 • ,.5040 0,06528
Z,7 a j 1424 {l.l:jljlb o '4~0, I Q,227b r, 842 3. 016 O,O-ll'9H 0, 0577~
2,8 ~ I- 1 850 o,4on O.IJ 3 53 0.1635 4,157 L lDI O,04J81 o , 05111
2,9 0,1243 0,) 7 S4 o , 4079 o , 1959 ~ ,503 J ,f> 13 o , (1390 \ 0,0'529
1,0 "0·,2601 +0,3391 +O,37~3 +O)321.j7 ... ,881 ],953 0, ()3.1i 7 .. 0,040 \ 6
J, I 0-,2921 (l.,3-[H19 0.343 i 0, ]49& 5,294 • ,J 16 0,03095 10.03503
3-.2- o,3H2 0,20\3 Ll ,3070 El,). 7'[l7 5,747 4,73'< 0,02759 o , 0) 1 f,4
s .: 0,3"") a,n07 0,2691 0,3 B 79 &,243 5,181 {l,t'l2461 IO'02B1Z
3,4 0,36. 3 0, I 792 0,2296 o ~ I.j 0 10 6,7B5 5,670 0, G219(, 0.025-00
J,5 -0, ~Bo I +0,137' '0, I 890 +O,fIHl2 7,378 L,H6 O,OI%a o ,07224
3," 0,39' B 0,0955 0,1477 0,4154 8,028 6,793 0,01750 \0,01979
3,7 \ 0.3992 0,0538 {] I 1 06 'I 0,4167 8,7)9 7,4% O,015~J 1°'01763
3,8 Q,402(' ·HJ..01'l_S 0,0&45 -a, 4141 9,;17 B,140 0,01397 D~a1571
3.9 u , 40 1 B -0,0272 +0:, Q1]4 O,407B 10, ]7 8,913 c ,G l 248 1:1. o l'iJ(l-D
4,0 -O.357i -i].06['1) -0,0169 +0,3979 1; ,)0 9, )59 0.0' 116 a .rd?il8
4, 1 0,3887 0, '0 Jj 0.056' 0, )84& 12,32 i 0 ,69 O,00~9B. O~OlH4
~I • 'Z 0, J )66 0,1380 0,9938 0,36 So I J, 44 11 ,71 o ,'G8927 O,009B8
~ • :1- (1,3(, Hi 0,1719 O. 'i 2'90:', 0,3iJ81• ; 4.67 12,82 0,007988 ~ ,008872
4,4 0,34<3 {j.1022 0 16)} 0.1260 16,01 14,05 0,G~7~q<J o,C:C7-923
Jij. :5 -O,32Q5 -Q ,23' '! -0:19471 +0,30," 17, ~8 15,39 o .{]O-6-40-ll D ,OOH7S
4,6 0, <9&; 0,156& C,t2J5 0,>737 19,09 1 ('I Rt:. 0,005730 {l1006325
4,7 0,2693 '(l + 1791 O,24'9~ O,:zltil5 z e , B6 i 8, 46 0,0051)2 0,00565"
4,0 -0. 2li Q~ o ,29B5 0,212) I 0,11)6 72,19 2'0,25- O,O~~597 o ,DO 5955
4,9 ~,Z097 0,3'"7 {l.2Q11 o-,~8t1 2'-1,91 22,20 O,OO~119 u .00'--521 198

" J. (:) J1f:r) Y, (;r) 11 (=) Io-(:t.J II (..,;) KO (;r;) Xl (:r:)
0,00 0.00
5, ~ -0.1 1776 -0. n 76 -O,30BS +O,IH9 27 ,2~ 20, )~ 3691 ~045
s , 1 e , l~~) 0, B7I 0, )216 0,1137 ~9, 79 H,~8 330B 3619
s , 2 0.11 0 J 0, )~ l< 0, )31) I) ,0792 )2,S8 29 ,25 2966 )2)9
5,3 O,075P. 0,J~60 0, 337~ 0,0"5 35,65 )l,08 2653 2900
5, • 0, O~ 1Z 0,345) 0,3402 +.(l- > 0 1 0 1 ~9, 0 1 H,18 2]65 2597
5,5 "0,0068 -0,3414 -0,3395 -0,0218 42,69 38,59 2139 2)16
5,6 +0 I 02.7C 0, ))') 0,31;' 0, OS~8 46,74 '2, )) 191 ~ 208)
5,7 0,0599 0.32" 1 0,3282 n,OBB7 51,17 ~6, •• lnl 1 B66
5,8 0,0917 01 J 110- 0,3177 0,1192 56,0. 50,% 1 s~o 1673
5,9 O,IUO 0,2951 0,,)0," 0,1,81 61, )B 55,90 ll86 1 ~99
6,0 +O~1:SQ6 -0,1767 -O~28~2 "'0 I 1 7S0 P,ll 61, )' 12", 1344
6,1 0,1773 0,2559 O,H94 0,1998 7J ,66 67,n 1117 1205
6,2 c , 20 17 n ,n2~ 0, 2.~3 0,222) BO,n 73,89 1001 1081
6,3 0,22)8 O,Hel 0", 2 251 0,1'22 BB ,46 81,10 09001 09691
6, ~ 0, 2q)) 0+ ~aH 0,1999 0,2596 96,96 8Q, n J OBOB; 0869J
6, s +0 t 160 1 -0,1;38 -0, 1732 -0,2741 106,3 97 ,7~ 07259 077~9
6,6 • ,274C .fl t l251J 0, 1~ 52 o ,2B57 116,5 107,3 06520 06998
6,7 0,2851 0,0953 0,1162 o ,29~5 127,8 117,B 05857 06280
6,B 0,2931 0,0652 O,OB6~ 0-,3002 140, I n9,~ 05262 05B6
6,9 0,2981 0,0349 0,056) 0, l029 15:,7 102,1 ·.ns 05059
7,0 +0. Jon l "'0.00147 "'0,0259 -0,3027 '6A ,6 1 s.6. 0 OH~8 0"5~2
7,1 0, <991 -+-0,0252 -+0 r OOltz 0,2995 \ 85,0 !7' ,4 03817 04078
7,2 0,295 , 0,0543 0,0335 0,2934 202,9 lS8 t 3 03~ l' 03662
7,3 0,2882 O,OBn 0,0628 0,2846 222,7 206,8 03084 OHBS
7,. 0,2786 0,1096 0,0907 O,27J' 24," I 3 227,2 n772 02953
7,5 +Ot2663 +0,1352 +0,1173 -0,259-1 268,2 249,6 02492 02653
7,6 0,2516 0,1592 o ~ 141.!a 0,2428 294, ) 274,2 02240 02)83
7,7 0,2346 O,181l 0116-58 0, 22~ 1 323,1 301 ,J 02Dllj 02141
7,8 O,:H5" .,2014 0,1872 0,2039 )54,7 331,. 01 Bll 01924
7,9 0, 19~" 0,2191 0,2065 0,1817 389,' Hl,9 01629 01729
8,0 +0 I! 717 +{l- f 21i116 +C,2235 -0,1581 "27 ,6 )99,9 01H5 01554
6, I 0,'"75 0,1476 0,2381 0,1331 469,5 qn,5 01317 01396
8,2 Of 1222 0,2580 0,2501 0,1072 515,6 .It 83.0 01185 01255
e , ) O,096Q 0,2657 0,2595 o,oBo~ 566,3 5 II ,0 01066 01128
S, " 0,0692 ",2708 0,2662 0,05 )5 621 ,9 583,7 009588 0101.
8,5 +O.O.lj.l9" +0,2731 +0,2702 "0,0262 6B3, z 641,6 008626 009! 2 0
8,6 +0 I 0"'6 0.2725 0,2715 +-O~[]01f 750,5 705,4 007761 .flo8200
8,7 "0 10125 0,2697 0,2700- 0,0280 82',4 775,5 00698, 007374
8,8 0,0392 o t26~' 0,2659 0,0544 905, B BSi.7 006283 006631
8,9 o ,0653 0,2559 0,2592 0,0799 995,2 937,5 005654 005960
9,0 -0.090J +[1.2450.3 -+0.2-499 +0,1043 1094 1031 005085 005364
9, , o • ~ 1 ~ 2 o ,2}24 0,238) 0,1<75 1202 11 34 OD4sn 004825
9,2 -Ii .l367 Il' ,2 ~ 7'" [I t 22 '+ 5 0,1491 1321 12lt7 00412 i 004)40
9,3 e , l577 {l ,lOO'" 0,2086 0,1691 1451 1371 003710 00 )904
g, • o ,I He 0- t l816 0,1907 0, 1871 1595 150B 00)339 001512
9,5 -0,1939 '0, t61 1 +O,171l +0,2032 1735 165B 00)006 003160
9,6 0.20"90 0,1395 0,1502 0,2171 1927 1824 002706 on84)
9,7 0,2218 0,1166 0,1279 0,2287 2119 2006 0024)6 002559
9,8 0,2H3 0,0928 0,1045 0,2179 2)29 2207 00219) 002)02
9,9 0,2403 0,0684 o r080~ 0, 2 4~ 7 2561 242~ 001975 002072
10. [I -0,2459 .... 0.a"3S +0,0557 +0 .2~90 2810 267' 001778 001865 r.b.l. 10.1.1 - GAMA FUNKC1JA

{. 0

... l j m

.-1

t dt"

Eu Le r ov l u t e q r a l {s a mc za :t:~O)

.-1

;l;{x+1)7~+l{ ... (x .... ,,-I)" (:ra s va kc e )

x t t e ) s: r(;d x r (xi, x I" ( x )
1,00 1,00000 1,25 0,90640 1 ,50 0.886zi 1,75 0, '9l 906
01 0,99'33 26 0,90440 51 0,88659 76 0,92137
02 0,9888, 27 0,90250 52 0, BB70' 7) 0,92376
03 0,98355 28 O,90gn 53 0,88)57 7B 0,9262)
04 O,97B4" 29 ~ .0,89904 5" O,B8818 79 0,92877
1 .0 S 0,91350 1, s e 0,897'7 I I S5 0, B8B8) 1 ,BO 0,9)138
0'; O,96B74 ) 1 0,89600 56 O,8B96~ B1 O,9l~oa
01 0,96"5 ]2 D,89464 57 0,890'9 82 0,9)685
OB 0,9597) Jl D,89338 58 0,89142 83 0,93969
09 0,95S'6 54 Q j SS22 2 59 0, B92' J B4 0,94261
1. '! 0 0,95135 1 ,35 0,8'3"11 :S I. s o 0, 59J 52 1,85 O~94561
11 0,94740 3. 0,89018 61 0,99408 B6 O~q86~
12 O,9435S J7 D,5H31 62 0,89592 87 O,951~'.
1 J 0,93993 3B 0.88854 6J 0,89)24 B8 0,9550)
14 0,93642 39 0.88)8S 64 0,8986" B9 0.9583B
1. J 5 0,93304 1 .40 0,58 i: 6 1.65 0,90012 1 .90 0,961 "/7
16 0,929B" 41 0,880]6 66, 0* 901 67 91 O. 96S2 3
17 0.92670 ,2 0.88636 67 o l' 9D330 92 0.96877
18 C,92373 '3 0.88604 6~ 0,90500 93 D.n"'"
1 9 0,nOB9 .. D.B858' 69 0.90678 9q 0.97610
1,20 0,91 a 17 1 ," 5 0,88566 1.7 u 0,90864 1 ,95 0,97988
21 0,91558 06 0.88560 /1 0,91057 96 O,9B37_
i2 0,31311 '7 0.88563 n 0,91256 97 0,96768 ".
23 0,91 Q75 ~B 0.88575 73 ~,91467 98 0,991 n ,:r
24 0,90SS2 49 0.88595 74 ~, 9166) 39 O,99S8l
1.2-S 0,90640 1,50 0,88623 1 ,75 0,9190& 2. UO 1 .OOO{l-O r (,,) • l;r-l) r (,.-1 I

11.

> 2)

199