ME – 414

MACHINE DESIGN 1

PLATE NO.4
KEYS AND COUPLING

NAME: ODILON CUENCO

INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. MICHAEL BURGOS
Design a typical rigid flange coupling for connecting a motor and a centrifugal pump shaft. The coupling
needs to transmit 15 KW at 1000 rpm. The allowable shearing stress of the shaft, key and bolts material
are 60 MPa, 50 MPa, and 25 MPa, respectively. Assume key crushing failure at 100 MPa.

 = 15  = 15000  &'()*+ = 60 ,-

100 &./0 = 50 ,-
= 1000 !"# = !"%
6
1./0 = 100 ,-
&234+ = 25 ,-
I. Design for Shaft Diameter 678 9
a. Torque
 15000 
:= = = 143.2394488 # = 143239.4488 ##
2×<× 100
2 × < × = 6 !"%>

b. Shaft Diameter
16: 16 × 6143239.4488 ##9
60 ,- = &'()*+ = =
<6B' 9C < × 6B' 9C
78 = 22.99 ## ≈ EF. G HH
II. Design for Key 6I, K, LM 9
a. Key selection
UV
N N N
&./0 = O = WP
- 1./0 = O = ^
PQRST X×Y ZRST[\] X×= >
U

_ d
: = &./0 = P > 6a × 9 b = 1./0 ca × = >e
` `
B'
!'()*+ =
2
: =b×!
B' i B'
&./0 f g 6a × 9 = 1./0 ha × f gj f g
2 2 2
2k&./0 l i
=
1./0 
i
1=

K=I
∴ nop-!q qr stuu vq p%qw.
 b. Key Dimensions
B' 23 ##
= = = 5.75## ≈ 6 ##
4 4
K = I = y HH
- In order for the key to transmit full power from the shaft, the torque that is transmitted
by the shaft is equal to the torque received by the key.
`z |}z
&./0 = _ 6X &'()*+ = ~6_ 9
P { ×Y9 P

B'
:=: & =
4
B' B' <
j fa. × g = &'()*+ c e 6B' 9C
&./0 h
2 4 16
&'()*+ < 60 ,- <
a. = = > B' = = > 623 ##9 = 43.354 ##
&./0 2 50 ,- 2
- Smallest permissible length of key.
- For convenience, we let length of key as:
LM ≈ ‚ HH
c. Key design failure check
`z `z
&./0 = 1./0 =
_P 6X×Y9 ^
_P fX×= >g
U

`×|ƒC`C„.ƒƒ…… †‡‡ `×|ƒC`C„.ƒƒ…… †‡‡

50 ,- = 100 ,- = ‰ ŠŠ
`C ‡‡×6ƒˆ ‡‡×} ‡‡9 `C ‡‡×fƒˆ ‡‡×= >g
U

50 ,- > 46.132 ,"- 100 ,- > 92.26 ,-

- Induced shear and crushing stresses in the key are less than the allowable stresses;
therefore the design for key is safe.

III. Design for Hub

a. Hub diameter 6B( 9
- Since we are not given with the type of material and strength of the hub, it is safe to
assume that 6B( = 2B' 9

7Œ = 2 × 23## = y HH
b. Hub length 6a( 9
- To avoid any failure at the key or in the hub, let a. = a(
LŒ = ‚ HH
 c. Hub allowable shear strength
- Given that we’ve assumed B( = 46 ##, we can now calculate for the allowable shear
stress in the hub. Considering the hub as a hollow shaft, and transmitting the same
torque as that of the main solid shaft, we have:

16:6B( 9 16 × 143239.4488 ## × 46 ##
&(2 = =
<66B( 9 − 6B' 9 9
ƒ ƒ <6646 ##9ƒ − 623 ##9ƒ 9
&(2 = 7.99 ,-
Œ‘ = ’ “”•

IV. Design for Flange Coupling thickness k–— l and diameter 67˜ 9
a. Flange thickness
- Because the hub and flange are of the same material, and the flange at the junction is
under shear with the hub while transmitting torque, we have:

&*4)™š/ = 8 ,-
2:
b B(
8 ,- = =
›'(/)œ 6< × B( 9 × *

2: 2 × 143239.4488 ##
* = =
6< × 6B( 9` 9 × 68 ,-9 6< × 646 ##9` 9 × 8 ,-

* = 5.387 ##

- Minimum permissible thickness of flange.

- For better geometry/proportion with respect to the shaft: k* = 0.5B' l

–— = 0.5 × 23 ## = žž. ‚ HH
b. Flange Coupling Diameter
- Since there is no direct load at the outer diameter of the flange, we can let BŸ = 4B' ,
provided that there will be an allowance left for the diameter of the bolt circle and for
the diameter of the bolts.
7˜ = 4 × 23 ## =  E HH
c. Flange design failure check
2 × 143239.4488 ##
8 ,- =
6< × 646 ##9` 9 × 11.5 ##
8 ,- > 3.75 ,-
- Induced shear stress in the flange is less than the allowable stress; therefore the design
thickness for the flange is safe.
V. Design for Bolts 67‘ 9 and the Bolt Circle 67‘˜ 9
a. Bolt Diameter
- Bolts are subject to shearing and bearing loads while transmitting torque, and we let the
number of bolts to be6¡ = 49.
- We are given with the allowable shear of bolts at 25 Mpa, it is therefore safe to assume
that the crushing strength of a bolt is at 50 Mpa 6&234+ = 0.51234+ 9.
UV
WZ¢ `z N ƒN
1234+ = = 6_ &234+ = O = ~6_ U
_Z k+£ l Z¢ 96_Z 9k+£ l PQRST Z9 ™

_Z¢ ¤Z¥¦§ 6~96_Z 9U ™

: = 1234+ 6B2 9 `
k* l b=
ƒ
B2Ÿ
!=
2
: =b×!
_Z¢ ¤Z¥¦§ 6~96_Z 9U ™ _
1234+ 6B2 9 k* l == > × = `Z¢ >
` ƒ

461234+ 9k* l 4650 ,-9611.5 ##9

B2 = =
&234+ 6<96¡9 625 ,"-9<649
B2 = 7.32 ##
- Minimum permissible diameter of bolt
- Next standard diameter of a hexagonal-head thorough bolt is 8 mm. So,
7‘ = ’ HH
b. Bolt Circle
- We already have the number of bolts, and the diameter of each bolt. So we can now
calculate for the design diameter of the bolt circle,
8:
&234+ =
<6B2Ÿ 96B2 9` ¡
8: 8 × 143239.4488 ##
B2Ÿ = =
<6&234+ 96B2 9 ¡ <625 ,-968 ##9` 649
`

B2Ÿ = 57 ##
- Minimum permissible diameter of the bolt circle.
- To give some space for the bolt head and nut, we can let B2Ÿ = 3B'
B2Ÿ = 3 × 23 ##
7‘˜ = y  HH
c. Bolt design failure check
8 × 143239.4488 ##
25 ,- =
<669 ##968 ##9` 649
25 ,- > 20.65 ,-
- Induced shearing stress in the bolts is less than the allowable stress; therefore the
design diameter for the bolts is safe.
VI. Spigot Depth (A & B)
a. Protrusion and Recess
- The spigot depth on one flange and recess on the opposing face (A and B) is for the
purpose of alignment and ease of assembly.
- The protrusion and corresponding recess of the flanges which is mainly provided for
location may be taken as 1.75 mm.

¨ = ž. ©‚ HH
ª = ž. ©‚ HH

VII. Design sketch

a. Orthographic design sketch

- Illustrates side and cross-sectional view of each machine part, which also includes their
respective dimensions.

b. Isometric Design sketch

- Illustrates isometric assembly of the coupling.
Odilon Cuenco ME – 414
BSME – IV ASSIGNMENT

1. Select a key for a 4-inch diameter shaft transmitting 1000 HP at 1000 rpm, the allowable shear stress
in the key is 15000 PSI and an allowable compressive stress is 30000 PSI. What type of key should be
used if allowable shearing stress is 5000 PSI and the allowable compressive stress is 20,000 PSI?

 = 4 
 − 
550 12   − 
 = 1000  ×  × = 6600000
1  1  
 1  100
 = 1000 × = 
 60  6
 − 
 6600000
= =  = 63025.35746  − 
2 ×  ×  2 ×  × 100 
6
a. Given:
#$%& = 15000 '( )$%& = 30000 '(
Solution:
*+ *+
,- 01 ,- 41
#$%& = .×/
= 2 ×.×/ )$%& = 3 = 2 ×5×/
-  ×/ -
*
6789 ×2- ×.×/ :789 ×2- ×5×/
= 0
= 4
=
#$%& ×
 × ; × < )$%& ×
 ×  × <
=
2 4
2#$%& 2=15000 '(> 
= =
)$%& 30000 '( ;
=;

 4 
?= = = @ AB
4 4
C = @ AB
2 2 × 63025.35746  − 
D= = = E. @FFGH AB
#$%& ×
 × ; 15000 '( × 4  × 1 
b. Given:
#$%& = 5000 '( )$%& = 20000 '(
Solution:
2#$%& 2=5000 '(> 
= =
)$%& 20000 '( ;
0.5; = 

 4 
?= = = @ AB
4 4
C = F. H AB
2 2 × 63025.35746  − 
D= = = I. JFJ AB
#$%& ×
 × ; 5000 '( × 4  × 1 
2. A flange coupling is to connect two 57 mm shaft, the hubs of the coupling are each 111 mm in
diameter and 92 mm thick and the flanges webs are 19 mm thick. Six 16 mm bolts in a 165 mm
diameter bolt circle connected the flanges. The key is 6 mm shorter than the hub thickness and
the key is 14 mm x 14 mm. Coupling is to transmit 45 KW at 165 RPM. For all the parts, yield
point in shear is one-half the yield point in tension or compression which is 448 MPa. Find the
following stress and factor of safety based on yield point:
Torque:
 = 45 K; = 45000 ;
 = 165 LM = 2.75 L'
 45000 ;
= = = 2604.353614  = 2604353.614 
2 ×  ×  2 ×  × =2.75 L'>

Material:
)&N = 448 MP
#&N = 0.5)&N = 224 MP Hub and flange:

R = 111 
Shaft: <R = 92 

 = 57  S = 19 

Key: Bolt circle and Bolts:

; = 14 
TU = 165 
 = 14   = 6 V
< = 92  − 6  = 86 
T = 16 

a. Shear in the key

2

 2 2 × 2604353.614 
#$%& = = = = 75.8977 MP
; × <
 × ; × < 57  × 14  × 86 
#&N
#$%& =

#&N 224 MP
= = = 2.951
#$%& 75.8977 MP
∴ (XYZX ℎP  P ℎ \]  ^H. G_^^ `ab PX cPZV V 'P]  E. _H@

b. Bearing in the key

2

 4 4 × 2604353.614 
)$%& = = = = 151.7954 MP

  × <
 ×  × < 57  × 14  × 86 
2
)&N
)$%& =

)&N 448 MP
= = = 2.951
)$%& 151.7954 MP
∴ (XYZX Pd  P ℎ \]  @H@. ^_He `ab PX cPZV V 'P]  E. _H@
c. Shear in the bolts
2

TU 8 8 × 2604353.614 
#Tfgh = = = = 26.168 MP
=
T > 
TU ×  × =
T >  165  ×  × =16 >0 × 6
0 0
4
#&N
#Tfgh =

#&N 224 MP
= = = 8.56
#Tfgh 26.168 MP
∴ (XYZX ℎPd  P ℎ V  EI. @IG `ab PX cPZV V 'P]  G. HI