9.1.3 Product Description For BTS 3606E

BTS3606E CDMA Base Station
Product Description
Airbridge BTS3606E CDMA Base Station
Product Description
Document Version V3.60
Product Version V300R006
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BTS3606E CDMA Base Station Product Description
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E....................................................................................7

1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E..............................................................................................7
1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network..............................................................8
1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E............................................................................................12
Chapter 2 Key Benefits..............................................................................................................14

2.1 Technical Features..........................................................................................................14
2.2 High Reliability ...............................................................................................................15
2.3 Wide Coverage...............................................................................................................15
2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity..............................................................................................15
2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port)................................................................16
2.3.3 ODU Cascading....................................................................................................16
2.4 Flexible Networking.........................................................................................................16
2.4.1 Networking Interfaces...........................................................................................16
2.4.2 Networking Modes................................................................................................16
2.4.3 Clock Sources.......................................................................................................16
2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System...........................................................17
2.5.1 System Status Monitoring.....................................................................................17
2.5.2 GUI Configuration.................................................................................................17
2.5.3 Data Configuration................................................................................................17
2.5.4 Alarm Processing..................................................................................................17
2.5.5 Security Management...........................................................................................18
2.5.6 Test Function........................................................................................................18
2.5.7 Site Monitoring......................................................................................................18
2.5.8 Upgrade................................................................................................................18
2.5.9 Operation on the Equipment ................................................................................18
2.5.10 Auto Restart .......................................................................................................19
2.5.11 Reverse Maintenance ........................................................................................19
2.5.12 Interference Detection........................................................................................19
2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion.........................................................................................19
2.6.1 High Compatibility.................................................................................................19
2.6.2 Flexible Configuration...........................................................................................19
2.6.3 Smooth Expansion................................................................................................19
Chapter 3 System Structure......................................................................................................20

3.1 Physical Structure...........................................................................................................20
3.1.1 Cabinet.................................................................................................................20
3.1.2 Subrack................................................................................................................24
Commercial in Confidence iii

3.1.3 Board and Module................................................................................................25

3.2 Logical Structure.............................................................................................................27
3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem...........................................................................................27
3.2.2 RF Subsystem......................................................................................................28
3.2.3 Antenna Subsystem..............................................................................................28
3.2.4 Power Supply Subsystem.....................................................................................29
3.3 Physical Ports.................................................................................................................29
3.4 Huawei CDMA BTS Family.............................................................................................31
Chapter 4 Services and Functions............................................................................................33

4.1 Power Control and Rate Control.....................................................................................33
4.1.1 Forward Power Control.........................................................................................33
4.1.2 Reverse Power Control.........................................................................................34
4.1.3 Rate Control.........................................................................................................35
4.2 Handoff............................................................................................................................35
4.2.1 Soft Handoff..........................................................................................................36
4.2.2 Softer Handoff ......................................................................................................36
4.2.3 Virtual Soft Handoff...............................................................................................36
4.2.4 Hard Handoff........................................................................................................36
4.2.5 Handoff Between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO System and the CDMA2000 1X
System.............................................................................................................................36
4.3 Radio Configuration........................................................................................................37
4.4 Channel Configuration ...................................................................................................37
4.4.1 CDMA2000 1X Channels......................................................................................37
4.4.2 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Channels...........................................................................39
4.5 DO Enhancement Features.............................................................................................40
4.5.1 BCMCS.................................................................................................................40
4.5.2 Enhanced QoS.....................................................................................................41
4.6 1X Rel A Features...........................................................................................................41
4.6.1 Forward Power Control.........................................................................................41
4.6.2 Cell Broadcast Short Message.............................................................................41
4.7 DO Rev A Features.........................................................................................................41
4.8 Multi-Carrier Function......................................................................................................41
4.9 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity........................................................................................42
4.10 Trunking Calls ..............................................................................................................42
Chapter 5 Reliability...................................................................................................................44
5.1 System Reliability............................................................................................................44
5.1.1 De-rating Design...................................................................................................44
5.1.2 Quality Control of Components.............................................................................44
5.1.3 Thermal Design....................................................................................................45
5.1.4 EMC Design.........................................................................................................45
5.1.5 Threshold for Closing CMPA.................................................................................45
Commercial in Confidence iv
5.1.6 Redundancy Design.............................................................................................45

5.1.7 Reliability Measures for Input Power....................................................................45
5.1.8 Maintainability Design...........................................................................................45
5.1.9 Fault Monitoring and Handling..............................................................................46
5.2 Hardware Reliability........................................................................................................46
5.2.1 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards......................................................46
5.2.2 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface..........................................................47
5.2.3 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover .......................................................................47
5.2.4 BCIM Resistance Query.......................................................................................47
5.2.5 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup...............................................................................................47
5.2.6 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans...................................................................47
5.2.7 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port..........................................................47
5.2.8 CE Pool Design for CCPMs..................................................................................47
5.2.9 Support for Static Resource Pools........................................................................48
5.2.10 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report...................................................................48
5.2.11 Distributed Power Supply....................................................................................48
5.3 Software Reliability..........................................................................................................48
5.3.1 Periodic Check on Key Resources.......................................................................48
5.3.2 Process Monitoring...............................................................................................48
5.3.3 Data Check...........................................................................................................48
5.3.4 Fault Isolation.......................................................................................................49
5.3.5 Black Box Function...............................................................................................49
5.3.6 Self-Test................................................................................................................49
5.3.7 Upgrade Reversibility............................................................................................49
5.3.8 Log Function.........................................................................................................49
Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance.....................................................................................50

6.1 O&M Structure................................................................................................................50
6.1.1 Structure of Local O&M System............................................................................50
6.1.2 Structure of M2000 System..................................................................................51
6.2 O&M Functions...............................................................................................................52
6.2.1 Data Configuration Management..........................................................................52
6.2.2 Interface Tracing...................................................................................................53
6.2.3 Performance Management...................................................................................53
6.2.4 Alarm Management...............................................................................................53
6.2.5 Log Management..................................................................................................53
Chapter 7 Technical Specifications...........................................................................................55

7.1 System Performance.......................................................................................................55
7.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications...............................................................55
7.1.2 Cascading Specifications......................................................................................58
7.1.3 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications.................................................59
7.2 Physical and Electrical Specifications.............................................................................59
Commercial in Confidence v
7.3 Reliability Specifications..................................................................................................60

7.4 Compliant Safety Standards............................................................................................60
7.5 EMC Standards...............................................................................................................61
7.6 Environmental Requirements..........................................................................................62
7.6.1 Storage Environment............................................................................................63
7.6.2 Transportation Environment..................................................................................65
7.6.3 Operation Environment.........................................................................................67
Chapter 8 Installation.................................................................................................................71
8.1 System Installation..........................................................................................................71
8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade.....................................................................................71
Commercial in Confidence vi
Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E
This chapter briefly describes the system functions and structure of the BTS3606E
and the position and role of the BTS3606E in the CDMA network. This chapter
consists of the following sections:
 Functions of the BTS3606E
 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network
 Interfaces of the BTS3606E
This chapter gives you the information about the position of the BTS3606E in the
CDMA communication network and some basic knowledge of the BTS3606E.
1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E

The BTS3606E is located between the base station controller (BSC) and the mobile
station (MS)/access terminal (AT) in the CDMA network. Under the control of the
BSC, it serves one cell or several logical sectors.
The BTS3606E is connected with the BSC through the Abis interface. It manages the
following:
 Radio resources
 Radio parameters
 Interfaces
It also implements radio transmission over the Um interface, as well as the related
control functions.
The BTS3606E is an indoor BTS supporting multi-cell configuration.
The BTS3606E has the following features:
 Large capacity
 Compact size
 Easy installation
 Flexible coverage
It is ideal for the areas with medium or high traffic density.
The BTS3606E system has advanced structure, which is compatible with CDMA2000
1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO (DO Enhancement, DO Rev A). It can operate in the
following modes:
 CDAM2000 1X mode
 CDAM2000 1xEV-DO mode
 CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO hybrid mode
Commercial in Confidence Page 7 of 73

The BTS3606E can be expanded smoothly to meet the requirements of CDMA AIE
phase I.
The BTS3606E supports CDMA trunking communication technology, and thus
provides trunking functions such as Push To Talk (PTT).
1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network

1.2 shows the position of the BTS3606E in a CDMA network.
M2000
PDSN/FA
AAA
HA
PS Domain
SMC
BTS
SCP
HLR/AC
MSC/VLR/
SSP/IP Service Network
BSC
CS Domain Internet
BTS
PSTN/PLMN/ISDN
AN AAA
GLMS
TSC GMSC
DPS
iGWB SMT
Trunking Domain VPN
Figure 1.1 Networking of Huawei CDMA 1X/1xEV-DO/digital trunking system

1.2 lists the functions of the elements in the CDMA network.
Table 1.1 Functions of the elements in the CDMA network
Element Function
Base Transceiver The BTS is used to transmit and receive radio signals and to
Station (BTS) implement the communication between the mobile network
and the MS.
Huawei provides a series of BTS products.
Base Station The BSC is used to implement the following functions:

Controller (BSC)  Controlling and managing the BTSs
 Setting up and releasing call connections
 Implementing power control
 Managing radio resources
 Implementing handoffs to ensure reliable radio
connections
Mobile Switching The MSC is used to implement the following functions:
Center (MSC)  Call setup
 Route selection
 Radio resource allocation
 Mobility management
 Location registration
 Channel switching within switching area
 Bill generation
 Service coordination with the PSTN
 SS7 interface and network interface
Visitor Location The VLR is a dynamic database. It stores the information of
Register (VLR) the subscribers currently in its MSC area. The VLR is
integrated with the MSC physically.
Service Switching The SSP is used to detect intelligent service requests, to
Point (SSP) communicate with the SCP, and to respond to the service
request from the SCP. It allows the service logics in the SCP
to process the calls.
An SSP implements call control and service switching.
The SSP is integrated into the MSC/VLR physically.
Intelligent The IP is integrated into the MSC physically. Through the

Peripheral (IP) internal interface, the IP provides dedicated resource for the
SSP to implement intelligent services.

Element Function
Home Location The HLR is a database that is used to manage mobile
Register (HLR) subscribers. It stores the following information:
 Subscription information
 Subscriber states
 MS location information
 MDN
 IMSI (MIN)
Authentication The AC is used to manage the information for subscriber
Center (AC) authentication. It is integrated into the HLR physically.
Short Message The SMC is used to store and forward short messages. It
Center (SMC) also provides supplementary services related to short
message.
Service Control The SCP is the core component of the intelligent network. It
Point (SCP) implements the following functions:
 Storing the subscriber data and service logics
 Receiving the query requests from the SSP and querying
the database to carry out decoding
 Initiating service logics according to the call event
reported by the SSP and setting up intelligent calls by
sending call control instructions to the SSP according to
service logics
Gateway Mobile The GMSC provides the following functions:
Switching Center  Requesting the routing information of a called subscriber
(GMSC)
 Providing interconnection and settling between networks
Packet Data The PDSN is a gateway used to connect the mobile network
Serving Node and the IP backbone network. It provides the access of
(PDSN) packet data service for mobile subscribers.
Home Agent (HA) The HA provides the interface between the mobile network
and the Internet. It is an auxiliary node for mobile subscribers
to access the Internet. It supports downlink data forwarding in
the mobile IP tunnel mode and uplink data forwarding
through reverse tunnel.

Element Function
Authentication, The AAA server is a remote verification server for dial-in
Authorization and subscribers.
Accounting (AAA)
It provides the following services:
 Authentication
 Authorization
 Accounting
 Data value-added services
It supports multiple types of databases, powerful agent, and
flexible operations.
Trunk Switching The TSC is used to process trunk call signaling and to
Center (TSC) implement trunk call media distribution. A TSC can be
connected with multiple PCFs.
Group and List The GLMS is used to manage the information about:
Management  Trunk group
Server (GLMS)
 Trunk service subscribers
 Subscriber trunk service
 Dispatcher
 Virtual Private Network (VPN)
iGateway Bill The iGWB is used to collect, store, filter, sort, and send bills.
(iGWB)
Dispatcher Server The DPS is used to implement the following functions:
(DPS)  Call setup and voice conversion between the Dispatcher
(DPT) and the MSE
 Call transfer and connection between the DPT and the
PSTN/PLMN
 Transfer of session control command transfer for the DPT
 Transfer of trunk session state information
Service The SMT enables the VPN manager and the VPN operator to
Maintenance manage the data of subscribers, groups, location areas, and
Terminal (SMT) so on.

Element Function
iManager M2000 The M2000 is the centralized management platform for
(M2000) Huawei wireless network products. The M2000 is used to
implement the following functions:
 Centralized fault management
 Centralized performance management
 Centralized configuration management
 Centralized topology management
 Centralized security management
 System management
1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E

1.3 shows the standard signaling interfaces the BTS3606E provides. As shown in the
figure, the BTS3606E supports the Um interface and Abis interface. Through these
interfaces, the BTS3606E can interwork with any standard BSC, and MS)/AT.
MS/AT BTS BSC

Um Abis
BTS: Base transceiver station BSC: Base station controller MS: Mobile station
Figure 1.2 Interfaces of the BTS3606E

1.3 lists the interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties.
Table 2.1 Interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties
Interface Peer Protocol Signaling protocol Transmission

Abis BSC Internal protocol Internal protocol E1/T1/FE
Um MS/AT IS-2000-2-A, IS- Air interface protocol Radio Wave
2000-3-A,
TSB2000

Chapter 2 Key Benefits
This chapter describes the key benefits of the BTS3606E.

This chapter consists of the following sections:
 Technical Features
 High Reliability
 Wide Coverage
 Flexible Networking
 Customized Operation and Maintenance System
 Easy Upgrade and Expansion
2.1 Technical Features

The BTS3606E boasts the following technical features:
 Supporting smooth upgrade to CDMA2000 AIE (Air Interface Enhance) phase I
based on advanced system structure
 Supporting both CDMA2000 1X standards and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO standards.
 Supporting CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO hybrid networking. The ratio of CDMA2000
1X carriers to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO carriers is flexible
 Supporting future demands through enhanced structure and good expansibility
 Supporting high-power coverage and large-capacity coverage using carriers of
different frequencies for a single sector
 Adopting resource pool design to improve hardware resources utilization and
error tolerance capability of the system
 Supporting inter-carrier channel processing resource pools to improve hardware
utilization and system fault tolerance
 Adopting digital intermediate frequency (IF) technology to improve system
reliability
 Adopting intelligent fan control to increase the service life of fans and reduce the
noise
 Supporting anti-interference through in-band adaptive wave filtering
 Supporting 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 1900MHz and 2100 MHz bands
 Supporting cascading with the ODU to flexibly extend the coverage of radio
network
 Supporting forward and reverse load control and access channel load control to
ensure the system capacity and service quality
 Supporting various service negotiations, including active negotiations, passive
negotiations, and non-negotiations

 Supporting push to talk (PTT) functions

 Supporting the wizard upgrade of the BSS system
 Supporting GUI configuration
 Supporting a variety of methods to set the daylight saving time (DST).
 Supporting forward and reverse interference spectrum scan, thus capable of
accurate identification of interference
 Supporting transceiver module output power detection, thus capable of
convenient identification of cable faults between RF modules
 Supporting the mixed insertion of different-band carriers in the same cabinet
 Supporting six-sector cell configuration, with the maximum configuration of
S(6/6/6/6/6/6) or S(12/12/12).
 Supporting IP transmission over the Abis interface
 Supporting satellite transmission over the Abis interface
 Note:
The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO by using different

types of channel processing boards such as CCPMs/CECMs.
2.2 High Reliability

The BTS3606E uses the following mechanisms to ensure reliability:
 System hardware backup
 Available inverse upgrade process
 Resource pool design
The mean time between failure (MTBF) of the system reaches 100,000 hours.
2.3 Wide Coverage

The BTS3606E can cover a wide area thanks to its excellent receiver and transmitter.
2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity
The diversity receiver is used to improve the reception. In RC3, the receiver
sensitivity of the BTS3606E is as follows:
 –128 dBm on 800 MHz band
 –127 dBm on 450 MHz, 1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz band

2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port)
On the 800 MHz band, the maximum transmit power is 100 W. On the 450 MHz,
1900MHz and 2100 MHz bands, the maximum transmit power is 60 W. For details,
see section 7.1.1"Transmitter and Receiver Specifications."
2.3.3 ODU Cascading
The BTS3606AE supports ODU cascading through the following methods:

 The SFP interface of the CRDM supports ODU cascading.
 If the CRDM is not configured, the SFP interface of the CCPM/CECM supports
ODU cascading.
In the CDMA2000 1X or CDMA2000 1xEV-DO network, each SFP interface can
connect three levels of ODUs to extend the radio coverage.
2.4 Flexible Networking

The BTS3606E enables flexible networking and supports various networking modes
by providing various interfaces and clock resources.
2.4.1 Networking Interfaces
The BTS3606E supports the networking through:

 ATM transmission based on the E1/T1
 IP transmission based on the E1/T1 and fast Ethernet (FE)
 Inverse Multiplexing on ATM (IMA), User Network Interface (UNI), Point to Point
Protocol (PPP), Multiple Point to Point Protocol (MLPPP), Fractional ATM
(FRAC), and Fractional IMA (FRACIMA) transmission link groups
2.4.2 Networking Modes
The BTS3606E supports chain, star, tree, ring, fractional ATM, and ODU cascading
networking modes.
The BTS3606E can share the transmission network with GSM BTSs. In addition, it
can provide the GSM BTSs with transmission channels on the Abis interface in
fractional ATM mode.
2.4.3 Clock Sources
The BTS3606E supports the following clock sources to adapt to various networking
conditions:
 Global positioning system (GPS) clock
 Global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) clock

 Remote Global positioning system (RGPS) clock

 Other external clock sources
With a high precision clock module (CHCM) equipped, the BTS3606E can keep clock
synchronization for 72 hours after the external clock source signal is lost.
 Note:
Only in the +24V DC Cabinet, the BTS3606E can support RGPS when it configures
the QCK3CSLM.
2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System

The operation and maintenance (O&M) of the BTS3606E is implemented through the
local maintenance terminal (LMT) and the iManager M2000 mobile network
management system (M2000).
This section describes the O&M of the BTS3606E.
2.5.1 System Status Monitoring
This function shows the following information:

 System operation and resource status
 Configuration
 Status of the local cell and logical cells
2.5.2 GUI Configuration
The BTS3606E provides graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to facilitate system

configuration.
2.5.3 Data Configuration
The BTS3606E supports dynamic data configuration. The configured data takes effect
without resetting the BTS.
The BTS3606E also supports data batch processing. You can configure the common
data for multiple network elements at a time.
The BTS3606E supports the backup of the configuration data.
2.5.4 Alarm Processing
The alarm processing function includes:

 Alarm collection
 Alarm clearing
 Alarm querying
 Alarm shielding
 Alarm filtering
2.5.5 Security Management
The security management function includes:

 User login authentication
 Command authority restriction
 Confirmation of dangerous operation
 User group management
 Timeout locking
2.5.6 Test Function
The BTS3606E supports both off-line and in-service tests. The tests include:
 Board loopback test
 Self-test
 Trunk loopback test
2.5.7 Site Monitoring
A data transmission channel is available for the monitoring devices in the equipment
room to ensure unattended operation and centralized monitoring of the BTS3606E.
2.5.8 Upgrade
Users can upgrade the system remotely. The system can revert to the original version
if the upgrade fails.
The BTS3606E provides the auto loading function. When a board needs to be
replaced, if the software versions of this board and the new board are different, the
software of the new board can be upgraded automatically through the auto loading
function.
2.5.9 Operation on the Equipment
The BTS3606E supports operations from its front side, and the boards in its cabinet
are hot-swappable. This facilitates the maintenance, upgrade, and expansion of the
system.

2.5.10 Auto Restart
When the BTS3606E is out of service owing to power failure or transmission failure, it
can restart automatically right after the faults are cleared.
2.5.11 Reverse Maintenance
With the reverse maintenance function, you can log in to the back administration
module (BAM) from the LMT through the Ethernet port on the BCKM to perform
operation, maintenance, and management for the whole BSS.
2.5.12 Interference Detection
The BTS3606E supports interference detection. If the frame error rate (FER) is high,
the system records the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and traffic volume.
Based on such records, the system determines whether the interference exists.
2.6 Easy Upgrade and Expansion

Thanks to its high compatibility, flexible configuration, and modular structure, the
BTS3606E can be easily upgraded and expanded to meet different requirements.
2.6.1 High Compatibility
The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO and enables

smooth evolution to CDMA AIE phase I.
By replacing the CCPMs with CECMs and upgrading the software, you can upgrade
the BTS3606E in a CDMA2000 1X network to support CDMA2000 1xEV-DO.
2.6.2 Flexible Configuration
The BTS3606E supports multi-cell configuration. An ODU can be connected with the
BTS3606E to provide one more cell.
The BTS3606E supports 3-sector, 6-sector, and omnidirectional cell configurations.
2.6.3 Smooth Expansion
The modular structure allows you to expand the BTS3606E by adding baseband
boards, RF modules, or power supply modules.

Chapter 3 System Structure
This chapter describes the features of the BTS3606E hardware and functions from
the aspect of system structure.
 Physical Structure
 Logical Structure
 Physical Ports
 Huawei CDMA BTS Family
3.1 Physical Structure

The physical structure of the BTS3606E can be divided by the following three levels:
 Cabinet
 Subrack
 Board and module
3.1.1 Cabinet
The BTS3606E supports –48 V DC and +24 V DC power supplies.
I. Cabinet Appearance
The dimensions of the 3606E cabinet are (excluding the components on the top of the
cabinet):
Height  Width  Depth = 1,600 mm [62.99 in.]  600 mm [23.62 in.]  650 mm [25.59 in.]

I shows the BTS3606E cabinet.
Figure 1.3 BTS3606E cabinet
II. Cabinet Features
The BTS3606E cabinet features:

 Light weight thanks to its aluminum alloy materials
 Excellent electrical conductivity and shielding effect
 Good ventilation thanks to reasonable engineering of air ducts
 Easy installation and maintenance
 Nice and attractive appearance
III. Cabinet Configuration
The BTS3606E cabinet is composed of:

 CDDU/IDFU subrack
 3606E Baseband subrack
 Carrier subrack
 Power supply subrack
 Fan box
 Switch box

 Cabling trough
In the –48 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is equipped with a PSU module. For
the +24 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is equipped with a module that prevents
wrong connection. The –48 V cabinet and the +24 V cabinet have no other difference.
Based on the –48 V cabinet, this section describes the configuration of the BTS3606E
cabinet.
III shows the fully-configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet with CDDUs.
C C C
D D D
D D D
U U U
0 1 2 Switch box
Cabling trough
C C C C C C
M M M M M M
P T P T P T
A R A R A R
1 1 3 3 5 5
Switch box
Cabling trough
C C C C C C
M M M M M M
P T P T P T
A R A R A R
0 0 2 2 4 4
Switch box
Cabling trough
B B C B B BB
CC C C CC C H
C C R R C C C C C C CC
EE E E EE E E E E P
K K DD I I I I
MM M M MM C
M M M M MM MMM MMM
01 2 345 M
0 1 0 1 6 7 8 90 1 23
Fan tray
Dummy panel
P P P
S S S
U U U
0 1 2
Figure 1.4 A fully–configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet (with CDDUs)

III shows the shows the fully-configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet with IDFUs.
I I I I I I
D D D D D D
F F F F F F
U U U U U U
0 1 2 3 4 5
Switch box
Cabling trough
C C C C C C
M M M M M M
P T P T P T
A R A R A R
1 1 3 3 5 5
Cabling trough Switch box
C C C C C C
M M M M M M
P T P T P T
A R A R A R
0 0 2 2 4 4
Switch box
Cabling trough
B BCC B BB B
CC C C CC C H
C R R C C CC C CC C
E E E E EE E E E E P
K KDD I I II
MM M MMM M C
M M M M MMMMMMM
0 1 2 3 45 0 M
1 0 1 6 7 8 9 0 1 23
Fan box
P P P
Dummy
S S
panel
S
U U U
0 1 2
Figure 1.5 A fully–configured –48 V BTS3606E cabinet (with IDFUs)

 Note:
 The CCPM and CECM are collectively called the channel element module (CEM).
A slot for CEM can be inserted with either the CCPM or the CECM.
 The BTS3606E can be equipped with CDDUs or IDFUs. The CDDU supports the
dual duplexer while the IDFU supports the single duplexer.
 The power supply subrack in the +24 V cabinet is equipped with a module that
prevents wrong connection. This is the only difference between the +24 V cabinet
and the –48 V cabinet.
3.1.2 Subrack
The BTS3606E cabinet consists of the following subracks:

 CDDU/IDFU subrack
 RF subrack
 Baseband subrack
 Power supply subrack
The CDDU subrack and IDFU subrack cannot be configured in the same system.
I. CDDU Subrack
The CDDU subrack, in which the CDDU is configured, resides in the upper part of the
BTS3606E cabinet. The CDDU is one of the RF front end modules. It completes the
filtering and duplex isolation of two received and transmitted signals.
II. IDFU Subrack
The IDFU subrack, in which the IDFU is configured, resides on the upper part of the
BTS3606E cabinet. The IDFU is one of the RF front end modules. It completes the
filtering and duplex isolation of two received and transmitted signals.
III. RF Subrack
The RF subrack resides in the middle of the cabinet, that is, between the
CDDU/CDFU subrack and the baseband subrack. It has two layers configured with
CMTRs and CMPAs.
IV. Baseband Subrack
The baseband subrack resides on the bottom of the cabinet, that is, between the RF
subrack and the PSU subrack. It is configured with baseband boards.
V. Power Supply Subrack
In the cabinet, the power supply subrack is located under the baseband subrack. The

power supply subrack has the following features:

 In the –48 V cabinet, the power supply subrack is used to house the PSU DC/DC
module. The PSUDC/DC modules provide the +24 V power to the BTS3606E.
They form the power supply subsystem together with the power distribution unit,
lightning protection unit, and monitoring unit.
 In the +24V cabinet, the power supply subrack is used to house the module that
prevents wrong connection. The PSUDC/DC modules provide the +24 V power
to the BTS3606E. They form the power supply subsystem together with the
power distribution unit, lightning protection unit, and monitoring unit.
3.1.3 Board and Module
I. Boards and Modules
I lists the boards and modules of the BTS3606E.
Table 5.1 Boards and modules of the BTS3606E
Acronyms Full name

BCIM BTS Control Interface Module
BCKM BTS Control & Clock Module
CCPM Compact-BTS Channel Process Module
CECM Compact-BTS EVDO Channel Module
CDDU Compact-BTS Dual Duplexer Unit
CMPA Compact-BTS Multi-carrier Power Amplifier
CMTR Compact-BTS Multi-carrier Transceiver Module
CRDM Compact-BTS Resource Distribution Module
HPCM High Precision Clock Module
IDFU Indoor-BTS Duplexer and Filter Unit
PSU Power Supply Unit
CESP Compact-BTS E1 Surge Protector
CSLM Compact-BTS Serial port Lightningproof Module

II. Functions of Boards and Modules
II lists the functions of boards and modules in the BTS3606E.
Table 5.2 Functions of boards and modules in the BTS3606E
Acronyms Function
BCIM The BCIM connects the BTS and the BSC.
The BCIM supports the following:
 Transmission through E1, T1, and FE
 Transmission over ATM or IP
Six transmission link groups (IMA, UNI, FRACTIONAL ATM,
FRACTIONAL IMA, PPP, and MLPPP)
BCKM The BCKM controls and manages the BTS system to implement the
following functions:
 Main control
 Operation and maintenance (O&M)
 Clock synchronization
CCPM The CCPM is a CDMA2000 1X service processing board. It
processes the CDMA2000 1X service data on the forward and
reverse channels.
CECM The CECM is a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO service processing board. It
processes the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO service data on the forward
and reverse channels.
CDDU The CDDU contains a transmit/receive duplex isolator and a low-
pass filter for two RF signals. It implements the TX/RX signal
coupling test.
CMTR The CMTR implements the modulation/demodulation and up/down
conversion of baseband IQ signals in the multi-carrier mode.
CMPA The CMPA amplifies modulated RF signals output by the CMTR
and monitors the power amplifier.
CRDM The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through
its switching function, and static resource pools are formed through
resource sharing.
HPCM The HPCM is optional.
If the BTS is required to maintain the clock signal for up to 72 hours
after the BTS loses the satellite synchronization clock signal, you
need to configure the HPCM in the baseband subrack.3606E
IDFU Indoor-BTS Duplexer and Filter Unit

PSU The PSU supplies power to the cabinet and monitors the power
supply.

Acronyms Function
CESP The BTS E1 surge protector (CESP) implements the lightning
protection for E1/T1 trunk cables.
CSLM The CSLM provides surge protection for the followings:
 Alarm serial ports of the EAC
 External clock serial ports
 Alarm ports of external dry contact
3.2 Logical Structure

The BTS3606E system consists of the following logical subsystems:
 Baseband subsystem
 RF subsystem
 Power supply subsystem
 Antenna subsystem
3.2 shows the logical structure of the BTS3606E.
Um interf ace Baseband Abis

RF subsy stem interface
MS/AT subsy stem
Antenna
subsystem
BSC
DC cabinet: -48 V DC/+24 V DC Power supply and env ironment monitor subsy stem
BTS3606E
Figure 1.6 BTS3606E logical structure
3.2.1 Baseband Subsystem
The baseband subsystem consists of the following modules:

 BCKM
 BCIM
 CRDM
 CCPM
 CECM
 HPCM
It has the following functions:
 Providing Abis interface and processing signals according to the Abis interface
protocol

 Providing an electrical interface and a GE interface to the RF subsystem

 Processing signals according to protocols of the Um physical layer and common
channel (CCH) media access control (MAC) layer
 Cascading with the ODUs through the SFP interface.
 Implementing modulation/demodulation of CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000
1xEV-DO baseband signals and coding/decoding of CDMA channels
 Providing synchronization clock signals to the BTS
 Performing system resource management, O&M, and environment monitoring
 Note:
The HPCM is optional. If the BTS is required to maintain the clock signal as long as
72 hours when the BTS cannot lock the satellite synchronization clock signal, you
need to configure the HPCM.
3.2.2 RF Subsystem
The RF subsystem consists of the CMTR, CMPA, and CDDU/IDFU.

On forward links, the RF subsystem processes signals as follows:
1) Performs power-adjustable up conversion and linear power amplification for
modulated transmit signals.
2) Filters transmit signals.
3) Sends the signals to the RF antennas.
On reverse links, the RF subsystem processes signals as follows:
1) Filters the received signals to suppress out-band interferences.
2) Performs low-noise amplification.
3) Performs noise factor-adjustable down conversion and channel-selective
filtering.
4) Sends the signals to the baseband subsystem.
3.2.3 Antenna Subsystem
The antenna subsystem includes the RF antenna and the satellite synchronization
antenna.
I. RF Antenna
This part includes the following components:

 Transmit and receive antennas
 Feeders

 Jumpers
The RF antenna transmits and receives signals over the Um interface.
II. Satellite Synchronization Antenna
This part includes the following components:

 Satellite signal receiving antenna
 Feeder
 Jumper
 Lightning arrester
The satellite synchronization antenna receives synchronization signals from the GPS
or the RGPS or the GLONASS satellite to provide a precise clock source for the
BTS3606E.
3.2.4 Power Supply Subsystem
The power supply subsystem consists of the power distribution unit, lightning
protection unit, monitor unit, and power supply subrack.
 When power input is –48 V DC, the power supply subrack houses the PSU,
which supports the –48 V DC power input and converts this power input into +24
V DC.
 When power input is –48 V DC, the power supply subrack houses the module
that prevents wrong connection to support the +24 V DC input. The power
distribution module distributes the +24 V DC power to boards and modules
The power supply subsystem boasts the following features:
 Current equalizing
 Hot backup
 Centralized management
 Distributed power supply
These features improve the reliability of power supply.
3.3 Physical Ports

3.3 lists the ports in a fully-configured BTS3606E cabinet.

Table 6.1 Physical ports on the BTS3606E
Interface Type Quantity Function

Abis interface E1 or T1 32 E1s/T1s on the Abis interface connect
the BTS and the BSC. E1s/T1s also
support BTS cascading. When E1 is
used, the BCIM provides the 75-Ohm
and 120-Ohm ports. When T1 is
used, BCIM provides the 100-Ohm
link port.
FE 4 Transfers data to the BSC through an
Ethernet network.
ODU SFP 8 When the CRDM is used:

cascading interface
port One CRDM provides four SFP
interfaces to connect ODUs. A
maximum of three levels of ODUs can
be cascaded in series.
20 When the CRDM is not used:

One CCPM/CECM provides two SFP
ports to connect ODUs. A maximum
of three levels of ODUs can be
cascaded in series.
Clock GPS/GLON 2 Provides long-term stable clock

interface ASS signals.
RGPS 1 Only in +24V DC cabinet, It can
support RGPS when the QCK2CSLM
is used.
External 1 Provides high-precision clock when
synchronizat GPS/GLONASS clock signals are
ion clock unavailable.
input
Maintenance Ethernet port 2 Works in active/standby mode to
port provide local maintenance path.
Power supply Power 2 Provides –48 V DC/+24V DC power
and supply input.
protection
ground
(PGND) port
PGND 1 Provides lightning protection for the

BTS3606E.
Monitoring Environment 1 Connects to the EAC.
port monitoring
port

3.4 Huawei CDMA BTS Family

Huawei provides a full range of BTS products to enable a seamless coverage for
urban, suburb, and rural areas, highway, and hot spots.
3.4 describes the applications of the Huawei BTS products.
Table 6.2 Applications of Huawei BTS products
Model Max Capacity Application Type

carriers per
cabinet
BTS3606E 36 Medium Medium and small Indoor BTS
cities and towns supporting
where enough CDMA2000 1X
equipment room and 1xEV-DO
space is available
Large Densely populated Indoor BTS
areas and cities supporting
CDMA2000 1X
and 1xEV-DO
BTS3606AE 36 Medium Medium and small Outdoor BTS
cities and towns supporting
where the traffic is CDMA2000 1X
heavy and and 1xEV-DO
equipment room
space is unavailable
Large Densely populated Outdoor BTS
areas where the supporting
traffic is heavy and CDMA2000 1X
equipment room and 1xEV-DO
space is unavailable
BTS3601C 1 Small Indoor, underground, Outdoor BTS
highway, and railroad supporting
CDMA2000 1X
(also
applicable to
indoor
conditions)
BTS3601CE 6 Small Indoor, underground, Outdoor BTS
highway, and railroad supporting
CDMA2000 1X
and 1xEV-DO
(also
applicable to
indoor
conditions)

BTS3606C 18 Medium Medium and small Indoor BTS

cities, towns, and the supporting
surrounding areas CDMA2000 1X
and 1xEV-DO
BTS3606AC 9 Medium Medium and small Outdoor BTS
cities, towns, and the supporting
surrounding areas CDMA2000 1X
and 1xEV-DO
 Note:
A BTS3606C cabinet supports a maximum of nine sector carriers. With cabinet

combination, a BTS3606C supports a maximum of 18 sector carriers.

Chapter 4 Services and Functions
This chapter describes the services and functions supported by the BTS3606E.
 Power Control and Rate Control
 Handoff
 Radio Configuration
 Channel Configuration
 DO Enhancement Features
 1X Rel A Features
 DO Rev A Features
 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity
 Trunking Calls
4.1 Power Control and Rate Control

The CDMA system is a self-interference system. Each subscriber is an interference
source to other subscribers. If every MS transmits at the minimum power needed, the
system capacity reaches the maximum. Therefore, power control directly determines
system capacity and quality of service (QoS).
Operating in the CDMA2000 1X system, the BTS3606E adopts power control
mechanism.
Power control is classified into:
 Forward power control, used to control the transmit power of the BTS
 Reverse power control, used to control the transmit power of the MS
Operating in the 1xEV-DO system, the BTS3606E adopts:
 Rate control in the forward direction
 Power control in the reverse direction
4.1.1 Forward Power Control
Depending on the MS protocol version and system parameters, the methods of

forward power control can be:
 Power Control Based on PMRM
 Power Control Based on EIB
 Forward Fast Power Control

I. Power Control Based on PMRM
In the power control based on power measurement report message (PMRM), the MS
determines the method and frequency of reporting PMRM according to the received
control message contained in the system parameter message.
II. Power Control Based on EIB
In the power control based on erasure indicator bit (EIB), the MS detects forward
frame quality and sends this information to the BTS in an EIB. The BTS adjusts the
transmit power according to the EIB information.
III. Forward Fast Power Control
The MS uses power control bits to adjust the transmit power of the BTS. The power
control bit can be transmitted at a maximum speed of 800 bit/s.
The CDMA2000 1X system supports high-speed data services, which requires fast
and accurate forward power control. The forward fast power control can accurately
control the transmit power of forward channels. As a result, the interference is
minimized and the capacity increases.
4.1.2 Reverse Power Control
Reverse power control includes open-loop power control and closed-loop power
control. Closed-loop power control consists of inner-loop power control and outer-loop
power control.
I. Open-Loop Power Control
The MS determines its transmit power to access the network according to the
strength of the received pilot signal.
II. Closed-Loop Power Control
The BTS sends a power control command to the MS, and adjusts its transmit power
according to the feedback from the MS.

II shows the process of the closed-loop power control.
Power Control Bit
Eb/Nt FER
MS BTS BSC
Eb/Nt changing
quantity
Inner loop Outer loop
Figure 1.7 Closed-loop power control
In the inner-loop power control, the BTS sends power control bits to the MS according
to the received Eb/Nt value.
In the outer-loop power control, the BSC adjusts the Eb/Nt value according to:
 The frame error rate (FER) of the reverse signal received in the CDMA2000 1X
network
 The packet error rate (PER) of the reverse signal received in the CDMA2000
1xEV-DO network
Then the BTS sends power control bits to the MS based on the new Eb/Nt value. In
this way, the transmit power of the MS can be controlled accordingly.
4.1.3 Rate Control
Rate control applies to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO forward links only. The AT controls the
rate of the forward traffic channel through data rate control (DRC) channel
assignment.
4.2 Handoff
When an MS or AT moves out of the serving cell or sector or the signal quality
deteriorates to an unacceptable level, the MS or AT is handed off to another cell or
sector to maintain the ongoing calls.
If the system judges that a handoff can help improve the call quality and network
performance, it also initates a handoff procedure.
Different from CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO also introduces virtual soft
handoff function in forward traffic links. The following describes five types of handoffs.

4.2.1 Soft Handoff
Soft handoff occurs between neighbor cells that operate on the same frequency and
belong to different BTSs. The two BTSs can belong to the same BSC, or two different
BSCs connected with each other through the A3/A7 interface.
In the soft handoff procedure, the MS maintains the connection with the source cell till
it sets up the connection with the target cell. The MS not only sets up radio links with
multiple cells, but also selects and combine the received signals from these links to
improve conversation quality and reduce call drops.
4.2.2 Softer Handoff
Softer handoff occurs between neighbor sectors that operate on the same frequency
and belong to the same BTS. It is a special case of soft handoff.
As the MS sets up radio links through multiple sectors of a BTS, the BTS can
combine the signals received by these sectors. Therefore, the speech quality during a
softer handoff is better than that during a soft handoff.
4.2.3 Virtual Soft Handoff
Virtual soft handoff applies to 1xEV-DO forward traffic links only.

The AT monitors all pilot signals in the active set and chooses the sector with best
signals as its serving sector. Then, it receives signaling messages and data from the
selected sector. This process is called virtual software handoff.
The BTS determines whether the sector is selected according to the DRC cover.
4.2.4 Hard Handoff
In the hard handoff procedure, the MS first terminates the connection with the
previous cell, and then sets up a connection with the new cell. Therefore, call drops
may occur.
Hard handoff includes:
 Intra-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between the BSCs without A3/A7
connection
 Inter-frequency hard handoff: Handoff between cells operating on different
frequencies
4.2.5 Handoff Between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO System and the CDMA2000
1X System
The system supports the handoff by the CDMA2000 1X/1xEV-DO dual-mode terminal
between the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system and the CDMA2000 1X one, thus realizing

interworking of both systems.

The dual-mode terminal performs registration, authentication, and signaling and data
exchange in the two systems through the air interfaces.
4.3 Radio Configuration

The CDMA2000 1X physical layer supports multiple radio configurations (RCs).
Different RCs support the frames of different rate sets, and feature different channel
configurations and spread spectrum structures.
The transmission combinations supported by the BTS3606E include:
 Forward RC1 and reverse RC1
 Forward RC3 or RC4, and reverse RC3
Each RC supports traffic channels of different data rates. The bearer capability of the
CDMA2000 1X system varies with RCs. For example, the CDMA2000 1X system with
RC1 and RC2 is compatible with IS-95A/B.
4.4 Channel Configuration

A series of physical channels are defined on the Um interface. These physical
channels are classified based on channel features. For a higher data transmission
rate, CDMA2000 1xEV-DO uses a channel design different from that of CDMA2000
1X.
4.4.1 CDMA2000 1X Channels
The following lists CDMA2000 1X channels.
I. Forward Channels
CDMA2000 1X forward channels include forward common channels and forward

dedicated channels.
Forward common channels are further divided into:
 Forward pilot channel (F-PICH)
The F-PICH provides synchronization signals for the MSs. The F-PICH is an
spread spectrum signal not modulated that is always in the transmit state.
 Forward synchronization channel (F-SYNCH)
The F-SYNCH provides initial time synchronization information for MSs.
 Forward paging channel (F-PCH)
The F-PCH sends overhead messages and MS-specific messages to MSs. Each

CDMA channel in a sector supports seven F-PCHs at most.

 Forward quick paging channel (F-QPCH)
The F-QPCH sends the paging order and system configuration change order to
slotted-mode MSs, instructing them to receive the paging messages. As a result,
the MS battery energy is saved.
 Forward common control channel (F-CCCH)
The F-CCCH sends overhead messages and MS-specific messages to the MS.
 Forward Broadcast Control Channel (F-BCCH)
The F-BCCH sends system broadcast messages to the MS.
Forward dedicated channels are further divided into:
 Forward dedicated control channel (F-DCCH)
The F-DCCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the
BTS.
 Forward fundamental channel (F-FCH)
The F-FCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS.
 Forward supplemental channel (F-SCH)
The F-SCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3,
RC4, and RC5 only.
II. Reverse Channels
CDMA2000 1X reverse channels include reverse common channels and reverse

dedicated channels.
Reverse common channels are further divided into:
 Reverse access channel (R-ACH)
The MS communicates with the BTS and responds to paging channel messages
through the R-ACH.
The MS uses random access protocol to initiate an access procedure. With
respect to each supported paging channel, 32 access channels can be
supported at most.
 Reverse enhanced access channel (R-EACH)
The MS initiates the communication with the BTS or responds to dedicated
paging channel messages through the R-EACH.
Reverse dedicated channels are further divided into:
 Reverse fundamental channel (R-FCH)
The R-FCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the BTS.
 Reverse dedicated control channel (R-DCCH)

The R-DCCH carries traffic and signaling messages between the MS and the
BTS.
 Reverse supplemental channel (R-SCH)
The R-SCH carries traffic between the MS and the BTS. It is applicable to RC3
and RC4 only.
4.4.2 CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Channels
The following lists CDMA2000 1xEV-DO channels.
I. Forward Channels
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO forward channels adopt the TDM mode. It includes four types
of channels:
 Pilot channel
Signals transmitted on the pilot channel are not modulated. They are used for AT
synchronization and other associated functions.
In a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system, pilot channel signals are not transmitted
continuously.
 Media access control (MAC) channel
There are three types of code division sub-channels in the MAC channel:
– Reverse activity (RA) sub-channel, used for reverse overload control
on the Um interface
– Reverse power control (RPC) sub-channel, used for reverse power
control
– Data rate control lock (DRCLock) sub-channel, used by the AN to
inform the AT whether the DRC channel of the AT can be properly
demodulated
 Control channel
The control channel is similar to the paging channel in a CDMA2000 1X system.
It is used to broadcast various overhead messages and transmit uni-cast
messages such as paging messages.
 Traffic channel
The traffic channel carries traffic data. It is a TDM channel that serves multiple
subscribers.
II. Reverse Channels
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO reverse channels include the following channels:

 Reverse access channel

The AT originates calls or responds to network paging messages through the

reverse access channel. The reverse access channel consists of:
– Pilot sub-channel (transmitted on I channel)
– Data sub-channel (transmitted on Q channel)
 Reverse traffic channel
The reverse traffic channels are as follows:
– Pilot channel
The pilot channel helps the coherence demodulation and phase estimation
of the BTS3606E.
– MAC channel
The MAC channel consists of reverse rate indicator (RRI) sub-channel and
DRC sub-channel.
The AT uses the DRC sub-channel to report the quality of the forward channel to
the AN. The AN can adjust the rate and the sector for transmitting data to the AT
according to DRC channel messages. In this way, the air resources can be fully
utilized.
The RRI sub-channel indicates the data channel the rate for transmitting data.
– ACK channel
The ACK channel helps the AT notify the AN whether the data packets from
forward traffic channel are correctly received. This function helps the AT
adjust its forward rate estimation to improve system performance.
– Data channel
The data channel carries reverse data. In a CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system, it
can transmit data at five rates: 9.6 kbit/s, 19.2 kbit/s, 38.4 kbit/s, 76.8 kbit/s,
and 153.6 kbit/s.
4.5 DO Enhancement Features

The DO enhancement features include the BCMCS and exclusive enhanced QoS.
4.5.1 BCMCS
The BCMCS includes the following arming broadcast streams:

 Static arming broadcast stream
You can configure BCMCS broadcast links on the BTS3606E. On the
configuration console, you can configure a permanent virtual channel (PVC) link
shared by subscribers to realize the broadcast.
 Dynamic arming broadcast stream

The BSC dynamically assigns a physical channel to subscribers to realize the

broadcast.
The DO enhancement features support the broadcast of intra-BTS BCMCS
stream. Each broadcast stream uses a microchannel of terrestrial links.
4.5.2 Enhanced QoS
The enhanced QoS features include the following:

 DO dedicated line subscribers
 Inter-DO subscriber QoS
 IX dedicated line subscribers
4.6 1X Rel A Features

1X Rel A supports cell broadcast short messages and forward power control.
4.6.1 Forward Power Control
The forward power control modes include:

 FCH/DCCH forward fast power control
 SCH forward fast power control
 The combined mode of FCH/DCCH forward fast power control and SCH forward
fast power control
4.6.2 Cell Broadcast Short Message
The BTS3606E broadcasts short messages on the paging channel in multi-timeslot or

periodic mode.
4.7 DO Rev A Features

DO Rev A provides a high throughput and QoS enhanced features. DO Rev A
supports real-time services such as the Voice over IP (VoIP) and the video traffic
(VT).
4.8 Multi-Carrier Function

The BTS3606E supports multi-carrier function.
 On the 450 MHz (421.68 MHz–425.85 MHz) sub bands, a CMTR/CMPA can
provide two carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver
modules can realize the configuration of S(4/4/4) or S(2/2/2/2/2/2), that is, 12
sector carriers.
 On the 450 MHz (460 MHz–470 MHz) sub bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide

three carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules

can realize the configuration of S(6/6/6) or S(3/3/3/3/3/3), that is, 18 sector
carriers.
 On the 800MHz, 1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz bands, a CMTR/CMPA can provide
six carriers. Thus, a cabinet equipped with multi-carrier transceiver modules can
realize the configuration of S(12/12/12) or S(6/6/6/6/6/6), that is, 36 sector
carriers.
4.9 Receiver/Transmitter Diversity

The BTS3606E supports the receiver diversity and transmitter diversity.
I. Receiver Diversity
This function is implemented through two sets of receiver devices. Each set of
receiver device consist of the following:
 Antenna
 Feeder
 CDDU/IDFU
 Main/diversity receiving channels
The two sets of receiving equipment demodulate the received signals at the same
time. Then the baseband processing unit decodes the signals using the diversity
combining algorithm to provide diversity gain.
Receiver diversity enhances the anti-attenuation of the BTS receiver, and ensures
reliable reception of the BTS under complicated radio environment.
II. Transmitter Diversity
The BTS3606E supports Orthogonal Transmit Diversity (OTD) and Space Time
Transmit Diversity (STTD). With these features, the maximum configuration of the
BTS3606E can be halved, for example, from S(2,2,2) to S(1,1,1).
4.10 Trunking Calls

Trunking calls supported by the CDMA digital trunking system fall into the following
three types:
 Single call: A call established by two members in a call group. Any third party
cannot hear the conversation between them.
 Group call: A call established in a call group, in which only one member is
allowed to talk at a time. Other members in the group can hear the voice and
pre-empt the voice right.
 Broadcast call: A call established in a call group, in which the voice of the talking
member is broadcasted to all other members. But they cannot pre-empt the

voice right.

Chapter 5 Reliability
The BTS3606E is designed with professional and comprehensive protection. The

system reliability is based on the comprehensive reliability analysis of the system
hardware and software.
 System Reliability
 Hardware Reliability
 Software Reliability
5.1 System Reliability

The system reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by:
 De-rating Design
 Quality Control of Components
 Thermal Design
 EMC Design
 Threshold for Closing CMPA
 Redundancy Design
 Reliability Measures for Input Power
 Maintainability Design
 Fault Monitoring and Handling
5.1.1 De-rating Design
De-rating design aims to lower the electrical stress and temperature stress on the
high-power or heat-generating components to a value smaller than the rated one. It
slows components aging and prolongs the service life of components.
5.1.2 Quality Control of Components
The category, specifications, and providers of the components are carefully selected
based on the requirements for high reliability and maintainability.
The replaceability is also considered in selecting components.
All components feature high quality proved by burn-in test and strict inspection. Strict
quality control is implemented during assembling process to ensure high reliability
and stability in a long run.

5.1.3 Thermal Design
Thermal design focuses on the following aspects to minimize the impact of

temperature changes on product performance:
 Component selection
 Circuit design
 Mechanical design
 Heat dissipation
The thermal design ensures that the BTS3606E operates reliably in a wide range of
temperatures.
5.1.4 EMC Design
The EMC design ensures that the electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other
equipment has no impact on BTS3606E performance, and the EMI from the
BTS3606E does not affect other equipment.
5.1.5 Threshold for Closing CMPA
The BTS3606E is designed with a threshold for closing the CMPA. If the temperature
of the air intake vent at the baseband subrack exceeds 60 degrees Celsius, the
CMPA is closed. You can set the temperature for the threshold.
5.1.6 Redundancy Design
For the purpose of reliability, the system is designed with several units of the same
type. The system does not fail until all units become faulty at the same time.
5.1.7 Reliability Measures for Input Power
The BTS3606E provides the following measures to ensure the reliability of its input
power:
 Protection against reverse connection of power supply
 Testing on the input voltage, and generating alarms when the voltage is too low
or too high
 Protection against sharp voltage drop and lightning strikes
 Protection of program and data in case of power failure
5.1.8 Maintainability Design
Reasonable internal wiring of the BTS3606E enables easy board replacement. When
you remove a faulty board, the only cables you need to disconnect are those
connected to this board.

The board can be removed and installed directly from the front of the cabinet.
In addition, board indicators help you identify board status.
5.1.9 Fault Monitoring and Handling
The BTS3606E can detect and diagnose software and hardware faults. It can record,
output, and print fault information. In addition, it collects environment information and
generates alarms if there is any exception.
When a fault occurs in the hardware, the system first locates the fault, then isolates
the faulty component and activates the standby components to ensure normal
operation.
The system confirms a hardware fault through repeated detection. This avoids the
reconfiguration of the system or QoS decrease due to contingent faults.
For software faults, the system provides automatic error-correction and recovery by
restarting the system or reloading the data.
The BTS3606E also notifies users of critical faults through the network management
system. Therefore, users can easily operate and maintain the system through a
maintenance console.
5.2 Hardware Reliability

The hardware reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by:
 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards
 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface
 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover
 BCIM Resistance Query
 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup
 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans
 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port
 CE Pool Design for CCPMs
 Support for Static Resource Pools
 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report
The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching
function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.
 Distributed Power Supply
5.2.1 Protection Against Wrong Insertion of Boards
When a board is inserted into a wrong slot, the special guide pins prevent the board
from touching the backplane. This avoids possible damage to the backplane owing to
wrong insertion.

5.2.2 Flexible Configuration of the SFP Interface
The SFP interface of the board supports SFP cables and the hot-swappable optical
module.
5.2.3 BCKM Active/Standby Switchover
The BCKM supports the active/standby switchover. When the active BCKM is faulty,
the standby BCKM is takes over the services of the active BCKM.
The BCKM supports the GPS clock switchover. There are two options for the GPS
antenna configuration:
 Each BCKM is configured with a set of GPS antennas.
 Two BCKMs share a set of GPS antennas through a GPS divider.
5.2.4 BCIM Resistance Query
The BCIM supports resistance query. For E1 ports, you can set and query the
resistance.
5.2.5 BCIM 1 + 1 Backup
The BCIM supports 1 + 1 backup. When the active board is faulty, the standby board
is activated to ensure the stability of the control and interface of the BTS3606E.
5.2.6 N+1 Redundancy for Baseband Fans
The baseband fans operate in the N+1 redundancy mode, with one standby fan
equipped. When one fan fails, this standby fan starts working to ensure cooling effect.
5.2.7 Short Circuit Protection for Fan Power Port
The short circuit protection is provided for the fan power port to enhance the system
reliability.
5.2.8 CE Pool Design for CCPMs
The CCPMs operate in CE pool mode. Daisy chains are formed between:
 CEM 0 and CEM 1
 CEM 2 and CEM 3
 CEM 4 and CEM 5
The daisy chains improve the use of channel resources and enable flexible channel
capacity configuration for each sector carrier.

5.2.9 Support for Static Resource Pools
The CRDM implements resource sharing among the CEMs through its switching
function, and static resource pools are formed through resource sharing.
5.2.10 Status Monitoring and Alarm Report
The BCKM monitors the status of other boards or modules, and reports alarms when
a fault occurs.
5.2.11 Distributed Power Supply
The BTS3606E adopts a distributed power supply. The DC/DC power modules
operate in N+1 redundancy mode.
When an error occurs to a power module, an alarm is generated and sent to the BAM.
You can replace the faulty module during the live operation of the system.
5.3 Software Reliability

The software reliability of the BTS3606E is ensured by:
 Periodic Check on Key Resources
 Process Monitoring
 Data Check
 Fault Isolation
 Black Box Function
 Self-Test
 Upgrade Reversibility
 Log Function
5.3.1 Periodic Check on Key Resources
The BTS3606E checks the software resources that are occupied for a long time. If it
finds that certain resource becomes unavailable owing to a software error, it releases
the resource and outputs logs and alarms.
5.3.2 Process Monitoring
Process monitoring provides a channel for outputting software and hardware faults
while the software is running. This function helps monitor the running status of a task
or system, and reports the status to the related devices.
5.3.3 Data Check
Data check consists of the following contents:

 Checking the consistency of data on different processing boards, restoring the

data, and outputting logs and alarms
 Checking the consistency of the data entered by the user to ensure correct
reference relation among data
 Restoring the data to the initial state when the modification of some data fails
 Conducting automatic check upon the version upgrade of the BTS3606E
5.3.4 Fault Isolation
In the BTS3606E, if a fault occurs to a software module, other software modules will
not be affected.
The BTS3606E software also features powerful fault tolerance and correction. A
minor operation exception does not cause the system to restart.
5.3.5 Black Box Function
If a fatal error occurs to a board of the BTS3606E, the system prompts to replace the
board and records the associated information on the Flash memory of the board.
5.3.6 Self-Test
You can perform self-test on the BTS3606E system, its boards and backplanes to
locate problems efficiently and accurately.
5.3.7 Upgrade Reversibility
The BTS3606E allows you to restore the programs and data of the version before
upgrade.
5.3.8 Log Function
The O&M software can automatically record users' operations and save them into a
log file.
When an unknown error occurs to the system, you can refer to the log files to find out
the normal status for the purpose of fault location or data restoration. Log files also
save the information prior to the occurrence of board failures, which helps locate
problems efficiently.

Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance
Operation and maintenance is the basis for you to manage and maintain the
equipment. Flexible operation and maintenance can lower the operation and
maintenance cost of the equipment.
This chapter describes the structure and functions of the BTS3606E operation and
maintenance system. After reading this chapter, you can know the basic structure and
functions of the operation and maintenance system of the BTS3606E.
 O&M Structure
 O&M Functions
6.1 O&M Structure

This section introduces the structures of the local O&M system and M2000 system.
6.1.1 Structure of Local O&M System
6.1.1 shows the structure of the local O&M system used for the BSS/AN.
IPoA: IP over ATM IPoE: IP over Ethernet

BTS: Base transceiver station BSC: Base station controller
Figure 1.8 Local O&M system of the BSS/AN
I. Far-End Maintenance
To realize the far-end maintenance on BTS, a local maintenance terminal (LMT) is

connected to the BSC BAM.
The local O&M system of the BSS is designed in client/server (C/S) structure, where

the LMT is a client and the BAM is a server.

The far-end maintenance process is as follows:
1) The user enters commands through the LMT.
2) The BAM processes commands from the LMT.
3) The BAM sends these commands to the host (BSC or BTS) and waits for
responses.
4) The BAM records the operation results (such as success, failure, timeout, or
abnormality) and sends the results to the LMT in a specified format.
In this way, users can manage the BTSs under the control of the BSC and carry
out network planning in a centralized way.
II. Near-End Maintenance
To realize the near-end maintenance, the LMT is directly connected to the BTS
through a network cable.
Users can log in to the BTS through Telnet client and execute MML commands to
maintain the BTS.
Users can also employ the reverse maintenance function to log in to the BSC BAM
from the BTS to realize the maintenance over the whole BSS.
6.1.2 Structure of M2000 System
The M2000 system provides centralized maintenance functions for mobile

communications equipment. Various network elements (such as BSC, MSC, and
HLR) connect to the M2000 system through local area networks (LANs) or wide area
networks (WANs).
The BSC connects to the M2000 system through the BAM.

6.1.2 shows the typical networking of the M2000 system.
Figure 1.9 Networking of the M2000 system
The M2000 system can implement the following functions:

 System configuration management: enables you to perform system configuration
on the NEs such as BSC and BTS through GUIs, for example, system setting,
system maintenance, and capacity expansion.
 Performance management: enables you to record the traffic measurement tasks
of NEs on the client and to view the execution results of the tasks recorded on
the whole network.
 Fault management: enables you to obtain required alarm data of the NEs from
the alarm client by setting combined conditions, to views query results, and to
perform associated management operations.
6.2 O&M Functions

The operation and maintenance functions of the BTS are as follows:
 Data Configuration Management
 Interface Tracing
 Performance Management
 Alarm Management
 Log Management
6.2.1 Data Configuration Management
The data configuration management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT. It has the

following features:
 Easy-to-use MML interface with predictive text input function
 Strict user authority defining the operation scope of each level
 Reasonable task assignment for the purpose of flexible operations
 Local maintenance or remote centralized maintenance
 Online data modification and loading without affecting services
6.2.2 Interface Tracing
The interface tracing function of the BTS is implemented by the LMT. You can use the
maintenance navigation tree of the LMT to trace and review messages.
You can create interface or signaling tracing tasks to monitor the connection
procedure, service procedure and resource usage in real time. The traced messages
can be reviewed online or offline. Subscriber and signaling tracing helps you locate
faults conveniently.
6.2.3 Performance Management
The performance management of the BTS is implemented by the M2000. The BTS
generates the performance measurement files, and provides the FTP service. The
M2000 is used as the FTP client to receive the performance measurement file for
performance management.
The M2000 provides a convenient and comprehensive operation environment. This
enables you to carry out performance management for the entire network as needed.
With the performance management provided by the M2000, you can create, modify,
query a performance measurement task and manage the measurement results. The
information collected from performance measurement is a very important reference
for performance assessment and network optimization.
6.2.4 Alarm Management
The alarm management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT and the centralized
alarm management system of the M2000. The BTS sends the alarm information to
the LMT or the M2000, and saves the alarm information in alarm files.
The BTS collects the alarm information and divides the information by type and
severity. After this processing, the BTS sends the alarm information to the LMT or the
M2000. The LMT or M2000 displays the alarm information in GUI, providing the
location, cause, and troubleshooting suggestions.
6.2.5 Log Management
The log management of the BTS is implemented by the LMT or the SMT. The BTS

system collects and stores equipment operation, service operation, and service
communication logs.
From the logs, you can know the current or history running states of the system,
operation information, and alarm information. This helps avoid system failures.

Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
This chapter describes the major technical features of the BTS3606E.

 System Performance
 Physical and Electrical Specifications
 Reliability Specifications
 Compliant Safety Standards
 EMC Standards
 Environmental Requirements
7.1 System Performance

The specifications related to system performance of the BTS3606E include:
 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications
 Cascading Specifications
 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications
7.1.1 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications
This section provides the specifications of the BTS3606E transmitters and receivers
operating on different bands.
 Note:
 The transmit power is the maximum value measured at the RF port of the cabinet.
 The multi-carrier transmit power is the total power instead of the power of an
individual channel.
 The signal receiver sensitivity is the main and diversity receive sensitivity at the
RC3.

I. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 0
I and I list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on the
band class 0.
Table 9.1 Specifications of BTS3606E transmitters operating on band class 0
Item Specifications
Operating band 869 MHz to 894 MHz
Channel bandwidth 1.23 MHz
Channel precision 30 kHz
Frequency tolerance ≤ 0.05 ppm
Transmit power 100 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the
cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode and in
an altitude lower than 3500 m)
Table 9.2 Specifications of BTS3606E receivers operating on band class 0
Item Specifications
Signal receiver sensitivity Better than –128 dBm (RC3, main and diversity
receiving)
II. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 1
II and II list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on

the band class 1.
Item Specifications
Transmit power 60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the
cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier mode and in

Item Specifications
receiving)
III. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 5
III and III list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on
the band class 5.
Item Specifications
Operating band 421.68MHz to 425.85MHz, 460 MHz to 470 MHz
Channel precision 25 kHz, 20 kHz
Transmit power  460 MHz to 470 MHz:
60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the
cabinet when the BTS works in the three-carrier mode and
in an altitude lower than 3500 m)
 421.68MHz to 425.85MHz:
40 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of the
cabinet when the BTS works in the two-carrier mode and in
Item Specifications
Operating band 411.68 MHz to 415.85 MHz, 450 MHz to 460 MHz
Channel precision 25 kHz, 20 kHz
receiving)

IV. Transmitter and Receiver Specifications on Band Class 6
IV and IV list the specifications of BTS3606E transmitters and receivers operating on

the band class 6 (2100 MHz band).
Item Specifications
Frequency tolerance ≤ ±0.05 ppm
Transmit power 60 W (the maximum value measured at the RF port of
the cabinet when the BTS works in the six-carrier
mode)
Item Specifications
receiving)
7.1.2 Cascading Specifications
7.1.2 lists the specifications of the BTS3606E with respect to ODUs cascading in
CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO networks.
Table 9.9 Specifications of BTS3606E with respect to ODUs cascading
Item Specifications
ODU3601C Maximum distance of single Depending on the type of the
cascading optical module, the maximum
distance of single cascading may
be either of the following values:
 10 km [6.21 mi]
 70 km [43.50 mi]
Maximum number of 3
cascading levels

Item Specifications
Maximum total distance after 90 km [55.93 mi]
cascading
ODU3601CE Maximum distance of single Depending on the type of the
cascading optical module, the maximum
distance of single cascading may
be one of the following values:
 10 km [6.21 mi]
 40 km [24.86 mi]
 70 km [43.50 mi]
Maximum number of 3
cascading levels
Maximum total distance after 90 km [55.93 mi]
cascading
7.1.3 Transmission Link BER Threshold Specifications
The bit error rates (BERs) of transmission links has the same impact on the UNI and
IMA. 7.1.3 lists the BER threshold specifications of transmission links.
Table 9.10 BER threshold specifications of transmission links
Type Max. BER threshold

1X voice service 2  10e-4
Packet service 2  10e-6
Maintenance function 5  10e-5
7.2 Physical and Electrical Specifications

7.2 lists the physical and electrical specifications of the BTS3606E.
Table 9.11 Physical and electrical specifications of the BTS3606E
Item Specifications
Cabinet 1,600 mm [62.99 in.] x 600 mm [23.62 in.] x 650 mm [25.59
dimensions (height in.]
width  depth)
Cabinet weight Empty cabinet: ≤ 155 kg [341.78 lb]
Fully-configured cabinet (without the mount set): ≤ 280 kg
[617.40 lb]

Item Specifications
Power supply –48 V (–40 V DC to –60 V DC)
+24 V (+23 V DC to +29 V DC)
Power –48 V DC power supply: ≤ 3590 W

consumption (in
+24 V DC power supply: ≤ 3160 W
typical
configuration
Ambient –5°C to +50°C [23°F to 122°F]
temperature
Relative humidity 5% to 95%
Equipment room ≤ 65 dBA (varies with the ambient temperature)

noise
7.3 Reliability Specifications

7.3 lists the reliability specifications of the BTS3606E.
Table 9.12 Reliability specifications of the BTS3606E
Item Specification
Availability ≥ 99.999%
MTBF (Mean time between system failures) ≥ 100000 h
MTTR (Mean time to repair) ≤1h
7.4 Compliant Safety Standards

The BTS3606E complies with the following safety standards:
 GB4943–2000: Safety of information technology equipment.
 IEC60950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical
Business Equipment.
 IEC60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment.
 CAN/CSA–C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, Video and Similar Electronic Equipment.
 CAN/CSA–C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of Information Technology Equipment
Including Electrical Business Equipment.
 UL 1419 Standard for Professional Video and Audio Equipment
 73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive.
 UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment including Electrical
Business Equipment.
 IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP

Code).
 GOST 30631–99. General Requirements to machines, instruments and other
industrial articles on stability to external mechanical impacts while operating.
 GOST R 50829–95. Safety of radio stations, radio electronic equipment using
transceivers and their components. The general requirements and test methods.
 GOST 12.2.007.0–75. Electrotechnical devices. The general safety
requirements.
7.5 EMC Standards

The BTS3606E complies with the following EMC standards:
 89/336/EEC EMC directive Council directive of 3 May 1989 on approximation of
laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility;
 CISPR 22 (1997): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance
characteristics of information technology equipment";
 IEC 61000-6-1: 1997; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic
standards ∗ Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial
environments";
 IEC 61000-6-3: 1996; "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6: Generic
standards ∗ Section 3: mission standard for residential, commercial and light
industrial environments";
 IEC 61000-4-2 (1995): " Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4: Testing
and measurement techniques ∗ Section 2: Electrostatic discharge immunity test";
and measurement techniques ∗ Section 3: Radiated, radio-frequency
electromagnetic field immunity test";
and measurement techniques ∗ Section 4: Electrical fast transient/burst immunity
test";
and measurement techniques ∗ Section 5: Surge immunity test";
and measurement techniques ∗ Section 6: Immunity to contacted disturbances,
induced by radio frequency fields";
 ITU-T Recommendation K.20, Resistibility of Telecommunication Switching
Equipment to Overvoltages and Overcurrents;
 CFR 47, FCC Part 15-Radio Frequency Device;
 TS 25.113v3.1.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification
Group Radio Access Networks; Base station EMC;
 ITU-R Rec. SM.329-7: "Spurious emissions";
 GOST R 51318.22-99: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment.
Man-made noise from informational equipment. Limits and test methods;

 GOST 30429-96. "Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Man-

made noise from equipment and apparatus used together with service receiver
systems of civil application. Limits and Test methods.
7.6 Environmental Requirements

Environmental requirements for the BTS3606E include the requirements for the
storage, transportation, and operation of the equipment.
The environmental requirements for the BTS3606E must comply with the following
standards:
 GB4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).
 GB4798 Environmental conditions for electrician and electronic products
application.
 IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).
 IEC 60721-3-1: Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification
of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 1: Storage.
 IEC 60721-3-2: Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3: Classification
of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-Section 2:
Transportation.
 IEC 60721–3–3 (1994): Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3:
Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities -
Section 3: Stationary use at weather protected locations.
 IEC 60721–3–4 (1995): Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3:
Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities -
Section 4: Stationary use at non-weather protected locations.
 ETS 300 019-2-1: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and
environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 2-1, Specification of
environmental tests Storage.
environmental tests Transportation.
environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at weather-protected
locations.
environmental tests Transportation Stationary use at non-weather-protected
locations.
 IEC 60068–2–1 (1990): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold.
 IEC 60068–2–2 (1974): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat.

 IEC 60068–2–6 (1995): Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Fc:

Vibration (sinusoidal).
 GOST 15150–69: Machines, instruments and other industrial articles.
Applications for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and
transportation conditions in compliance with the environmental factors.
 GOST 23088–80: Electronic equipment. Requirements to packing and
transportation and test methods.
7.6.1 Storage Environment
This section describes the climatic, waterproof, biological, air purity, and mechanical
stress requirements for equipment storage.
I. Climatic Requirements
I lists the climatic requirements for equipment storage.
Table 9.13 Climatic requirements for equipment storage
Item Range
Temperature . .
–40 C to +70 C
Temperature change rate .
≤ 1 C/min
Relative humidity 5%–100%
Altitude ≤ 5000 m
Air pressure 70 kPa–106 kPa
Solar radiation ≤ 1120 W/m²
Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/m²
Wind speed ≤ 30 m/s
II. Waterproof Requirements
The equipment is usually stored in a room where:

No water accumulates on the ground or drops onto the package.
The equipment is kept away from water sources such as hydrant and air-conditioner.
If the equipment is placed outdoor, make sure that:
 The package is intact.
 Waterproof measures are applied to prevent water penetration.
 No water accumulates on the ground or drops onto the package.
 The package is not exposed directly to the sunlight.

III. Biological Requirements
Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of:

 Fungus or mildew
 Rodents such as rats
IV. Air Purity Requirements
The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive or corrosive
dust.
The density of physically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in
IV.
Table 9.14 Requirements for physically active materials in storage environment
Physically active material Unit Density

Suspended dust mg/m³ ≤ 5.00
Falling dust mg/m²·h ≤ 20.0
Sand mg/m³ ≤ 300
Note:
 Suspended dust: Diameter ≤ 75μm
 Falling dust: 75μm≤ Diameter ≤150μm
 Sand: 150μm≤ Diameter ≤1000μm
The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in
IV.
Table 9.15 Requirements for chemically active materials in storage environment
Chemically active material Unit Density

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30
H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10
NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50
NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00
Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10
HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10
HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01
O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

V. Mechanical Stress Requirements
V lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during storage.
Table 9.16 Mechanical stress-related requirements for storage
Item Sub-item Range

Sinusoidal Offset ≤ 3.5 mm -
vibration
Accelerated speed - ≤ 10.0 m/s²
Frequency range 2 Hz–9 Hz 9 Hz–200 Hz
7.6.2 Transportation Environment
stress requirements for equipment transportation.
I lists the climatic requirements for equipment transportation.
Table 9.17 Climatic requirements for equipment transportation
Item Range
Temperature . .
–40 C to +70 C
≤ 3 C /min
Relative humidity 5%–95%
Altitude ≤ 5000 m
Solar radiation ≤ 1120W/m²
Heat radiation ≤ 600W/m²
Wind speed ≤ 30m/s
Precipitation ≤ 6mm/min
II. Waterproof Requirements
Before transporting the equipment, make sure that:

 The package is intact.
 Waterproof measures are applied to prevent water penetration.
 No water accumulates in the vehicle.

III. Biological Requirements
Ensure that the vehicle is free of:

IV. Air Purity Requirements
The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive, or corrosive
dust.
IV.
Table 9.18 Requirements for physically active materials in transportation environment

Suspended dust mg/m³ No requirement
Falling dust mg/m²·h ≤ 3.0
Sand mg/m³ ≤ 100
Note:
 Suspended dust: Diameter ≤ 75μm
 Falling dust: 75μm ≤ Diameter ≤ 150μm
 Sand: 150μm ≤ Diameter ≤ 1000μm
IV.
Table 9.19 Requirements for chemically active materials in transportation

environment

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30
H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10
NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50
NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00
Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10
HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10
HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01
O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

V. Mechanical Stress Requirements
V lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during transportation.
Table 9.20 Requirements for mechanical stress in transportation environment
Item Sub-item Range

Sinusoidal Offset ≤ 7.5mm - -
vibration
Accelerated speed - ≤ 20.0 m/s² ≤ 40.0 m/s²
Frequency range 2 Hz–9 Hz 9 Hz–200 Hz 200 Hz–500
Hz
Random Spectrum density 30 m²/s³ 3 m²/s³ 1 m²/s³
vibration of accelerated
speed
Frequency range 2 Hz–10 Hz 10 Hz–20 Hz 200 Hz–2000
Hz
Unsteady Impact response ≤ 300 m/s²
impact spectrum II
Static payload ≤ 10 kPa
Note:
Impact response spectrum: The maximum acceleration response curve generated
by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II
means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
Static payload: The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure
from the top in normal pile-up method.
7.6.3 Operation Environment
stress requirements for equipment operation.

I and I list the climatic requirements for equipment operation.
Table 9.21 Requirements for temperature and humidity in operation environment
Temperature Relative humidity

Normal Safe 5%–95%
. . . .
–5 C to +50 C –10 C to +55 C
Note:
The values are measured 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the
equipment, without protective panels in front of or behind the cabinet.
Safe operation refers to continuous operation for no more than 48 hours or
accumulated operation of no more than 15 days in a year.
Table 9.22 Requirements for other climatic factors in operation environment
Item Range
Altitude ≤ 4000 m
≤ 3 C /min
Solar radiation ≤ 700 W/m²
Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/m²
Wind speed ≤ 1 m/s
II. Biological Requirements
Ensure that the place for equipment storage is free of:

III. Air Purity Requirements
The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive, or corrosive
dust.

III.
Table 9.23 Requirements for physically active materials in operation environment

Dust particles Particles/m³ ≤ 3 x 104
(Visible dust should not
accumulate on the desktop within
three days)
Note:
Dust particles: Diameter ≥ 5 µ m
III.
Table 9.24 Requirements for chemically active materials in operation environment

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.20
H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.006
NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05
Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.01
IV. Mechanical Stress Requirements
IV lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during operation.
Table 9.25 Requirements for mechanical stress in operation environment
Item Sub-item Range

Sinusoidal Offset ≤ 3.5 mm -
vibration
Accelerated - ≤ 10.0 m/s²
speed
Frequency range 2 Hz–9 Hz 9 Hz–200 Hz
Unsteady impact Impact response ≤ 100 m/s²
spectrum II
Static payload 0

Item Sub-item Range

Note:
Impact response spectrum: The maximum acceleration response curve generated
by the equipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II
means that the duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
Static payload: The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure
from the top in normal pile-up method.

Chapter 8 Installation
This chapter briefly describes the installation, upgrade and expansion of the
BTS3606E.
 System Installation
 System Expansion and Upgrade
8.1 System Installation

The BTS3606E system is assembled in the factory. Before delivery, all cable
connections inside the cabinet are completed and the system is pre-commissioned
based on the site conditions.
On site, engineers only need to install cabinets, boards or modules, and external
cables according to the instructions in the hardware installation manual.
Boards and modules of the BTS3606E can be inserted and removed easily from the
front side.
Ports for external cables, such as power cables, transmission cables, and signal
cables, are on the top of the cabinet with remarkable silk-screen marks.
Before delivery, the BTS3606E is installed with necessary software and configured
with typical scripts. After the hardware is installed and tested, the system is ready to
operate upon power-on.
All these efforts save installation time on site, enabling operators to build networks
and to deliver services relatively quickly.
8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade

The BTS3606E allows you to expand system capacity by inserting new channel
processing boards and/or RF modules in the existing cabinet without adding
additional cabinets.
The BTS3606E offers a powerful software upgrade tool. This tool collects upgrade
information and gives related upgrade messages automatically.

9.1.3 Product Description For BTS 3606E

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BTS3606E CDMA Base Station

Document Version V3.60

Product Version V300R006

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E....................................................................................7

Chapter 2 Key Benefits..............................................................................................................14

Chapter 3 System Structure......................................................................................................20

Commercial in Confidence iii

3.1.3 Board and Module................................................................................................25

Chapter 4 Services and Functions............................................................................................33

5.1.6 Redundancy Design.............................................................................................45

Chapter 6 Operation and Maintenance.....................................................................................50

Chapter 7 Technical Specifications...........................................................................................55

7.3 Reliability Specifications..................................................................................................60

Chapter 1 Introduction to the BTS3606E

1.1 Functions of the BTS3606E

Commercial in Confidence Page 7 of 73

1.2 Position of the BTS3606E in the CDMA Network

Trunking Domain VPN

Figure 1.1 Networking of Huawei CDMA 1X/1xEV-DO/digital trunking system

Commercial in Confidence Page 8 of 73

1.2 lists the functions of the elements in the CDMA network.

Table 1.1 Functions of the elements in the CDMA network

Base Station The BSC is used to implement the following functions:

Intelligent The IP is integrated into the MSC physically. Through the

Commercial in Confidence Page 9 of 73

Commercial in Confidence Page 10 of 73

Commercial in Confidence Page 11 of 73

1.3 Interfaces of the BTS3606E

MS/AT BTS BSC

Commercial in Confidence Page 12 of 73

1.3 lists the interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties.

Table 2.1 Interfaces of the BTS3606E and their properties

Interface Peer Protocol Signaling protocol Transmission

Commercial in Confidence Page 13 of 73

Chapter 2 Key Benefits

This chapter describes the key benefits of the BTS3606E.

2.1 Technical Features

Commercial in Confidence Page 14 of 73

 Supporting push to talk (PTT) functions

The BTS3606E supports CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV-DO by using different

2.2 High Reliability

2.3 Wide Coverage

2.3.1 Receiver Sensitivity

Commercial in Confidence Page 15 of 73

2.3.2 Transmit Power (Measured at RF Port)

2.3.3 ODU Cascading

The BTS3606AE supports ODU cascading through the following methods:

2.4 Flexible Networking

2.4.1 Networking Interfaces

The BTS3606E supports the networking through:

2.4.2 Networking Modes

2.4.3 Clock Sources

Commercial in Confidence Page 16 of 73

 Remote Global positioning system (RGPS) clock

2.5 Customized Operation and Maintenance System

2.5.1 System Status Monitoring

This function shows the following information:

2.5.2 GUI Configuration

The BTS3606E provides graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to facilitate system

2.5.3 Data Configuration