JAPCC Roadmap for Air C4ISR in NATO

Outline of Air C4ISR Roadmap

ƒ Introduction
•• Building
Building the
the Roadmap
Roadmap
•• Goal:
Goal: Network-Enabled
Network-Enabled Alliance
Alliance

ƒ Strategy
•• Programmes
Programmes
•• Force
Force Development
Development &
& Human
Human Dimension
Dimension

ƒ Today and Tomorrow

•• Ground
Ground Environment
Environment
•• Air
Air &
& Space
Space Environment
Environment

ƒ Gaps and Recommendations

ƒ Benefits

2
 Building the Roadmap

Problem Aim
Scope
Definition

Methodology

• What is C4ISR?
• Fragmented Air C2 structure
• No C4ISR community
• Intel isolated from S(TA)R community
• Non-interoperable networks
• No coherent C4ISR agenda
• Deficiencies - FFT, FMV, RAP, Intel Analysts, Doctrine, Trg

3
 Building the Roadmap

Problem Aim
Scope
Definition

Methodology

C4ISR
‘The provision of information and intelligence to
commanders that enables decision superiority necessary
to execute the Commander’s Intent, along with the
appropriate level of situational awareness, to the point of
achieving the desired effect.’
JAPCC

4
 Building the Roadmap

Problem Aim
Scope
Definition

Methodology

This Roadmap concentrates on the Air C4ISR

capabilities, both present and planned, looking out 10
years. It focuses on end-to-end Air C4ISR
capabilities, from sensor to decision maker to
effectors.

5
 Building the Roadmap

Problem Aim
Scope
Definition

Methodology
• To inform and influence warfighters, commanders,
policy makers, and industry, supported by academia, in
providing a description and common understanding of
the NATO Air C4ISR landscape today and in the future.
• To target current programmes by identifying the gaps
between the current capabilities and future capability
requirements.

6
 Building the Roadmap

Problem Aim
Scope
Definition

Methodology
• Director driven
• Bottom-up approach
• Angles of attack
• Building blocks – C2, Comms, ISR, today, future
• Document research
• NATO & national programme research
• Stakeholder consultation
• Conferences, committees, working groups

7
 Goal: Network-Enabled Alliance

Joint
Joint Common
Common
Operating
Operating Picture
Picture

Alliance
Alliance Network
Network Connectivity
Connectivity

Shared
Shared
Information
Information

Fused
Fused
Intelligence
Intelligence

8
 Outline of Air C4ISR Roadmap

ƒ Introduction
•• Building
Building the
the Roadmap
Roadmap
•• Goal:
Goal: Network-Enabled
Network-Enabled Alliance
Alliance

ƒ Strategy
•• Programmes
Programmes
•• Force
Force Development
Development &
& Human
Human Dimension
Dimension

ƒ Today and Tomorrow

•• Ground
Ground Environment
Environment
•• Air
Air &
& Space
Space Environment
Environment

ƒ Gaps and Recommendations

ƒ Benefits

9
 Air C4ISR Strategic Guidance (or lack of)

ƒ Bi-SC Strategic Vision: the Military Challenge

ƒ Military Committee Guidance for the Military

Implementation of Alliance Strategy
ƒ NC3B – NNEC Strategic Framework Documents
ƒ ACT – JISR Strategy & Capabilities Dev Campaign Plan
ƒ BICES Agency Charter – Strategic Goals
ƒ Bi-SC AIS Strategy 2005-2010

No overarching C4ISR strategy!

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 Critical NATO Air C4ISR Enablers
YEAR
YEAR 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

ACCS / ALTBMD ACCS LOC 1

IOC
Lower Layer
IOC
FOC
Lower
Layer FOC Real time TBMTactical
surveillance
C2 IS and engagement
Interoperability

BiSC-AIS / Air C2IS 10C− FOC− Common Data

Functional C2IS Interoperability
C2

20M 20M Format

Battle
E3A NMT
IOC
NMT
FOC
Mission Critical
Management Requirements Key Requirements
Networked Battlespace Enabler
Developing Requirements
Joint TST FAST/JTS Integrated Effective Engagement

NGCS Evolution IPv4 IEG IPv6 Effective Comms - EoIP

COMMS

DF-CIS Limited Cap NRF FOC

DCIS
Deployed Reach Back CJTF IOC
DCIS
CJTF FOC
DCIS Effective Depl Comms

NSP2K X-Band and Limited UHF

EHF SATCOM IOC EHF: Increased Bandwidth

AGS 8 UAVs IOC FOC SAR/MTI Effective ISR

ISR

INTEL FUSION CTR IOC FOC Collection Trend Analysis Effective Intel

BICES Effective Intel

Demonstrations

CWID
Interoperability

Steadfast Exercises NRF/C4I

Trial
CNAD Trial Series / MAJIIC Quest
Imperial Hammer NATO’s ISR

STEADFAST Series Ex Steadfast Cathode NATO’s CIS

COMBINED ENDEAVOR Ex Combined Endeavor NATO/PfP CIS

Decision Superiority
Warfighter
Warfighter Effects
Shared Awareness
Effects Better C2 & SA
Improved Target
Characterization

Joint Programme / Initiative Joint Utility Risk Level Events

11
Force Development & Human Dimension
‘Operations will require military forces that are:

ƒ Agile, joint and expeditionary

ƒ Technologically superior
ƒ Rapidly reconfigurable
ƒ Specialised
ƒ Integrated
ƒ Highly educated and trained

12
 Outline of Air C4ISR Roadmap

ƒ Introduction
•• Building
Building the
the Roadmap
Roadmap
•• Goal:
Goal: Network-Enabled
Network-Enabled Alliance
Alliance

ƒ Strategy
•• Programmes
Programmes
•• Force
Force Development
Development &
& Human
Human Dimension
Dimension

ƒ Today and Tomorrow

•• Ground
Ground Environment
Environment
•• Air
Air &
& Space
Space Environment
Environment

ƒ Gaps and Recommendations

ƒ Benefits

13
 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Ground Environment

2007

VoIP Begins

14
 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Ground Environment

2007

NATO Signals Battalions

1. Brunssum
2. Naples

VoIP Begins

15
 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Ground Environment

2012

NATO Signals Battalions

1. Brunssum
2. Naples

Link crypto BLACK

VoIP Begins removed IP-crypto Black Core Net SCIP, PKI, CIRC networks

16
 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Ground Environment

2017

NATO Signals Battalions

1. Brunssum
2. Naples

Link crypto BLACK Secure Voice/

VoIP Begins removed IP-crypto Black Core Net SCIP, PKI, CIRC networks VTCoIP EoIP IEG (QoS)
On IP CC2 PNC CDIS IPv6

17
 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Air and Space
UK/SKYNET 4/5, FR/SYRACUSE III, IT/SICRAL

US/UFO
2007
NATO IV
COMMERCIAL

ISR
E-3 (FR, NATO, UK, US) F-16 (BE,DA,GR, NATIONAL
E-8 (US) NL,NO,PL, PO, TU,US)
EC-130H (US) F-18 (CA, US)
B-2 (US) EMB-145 (GR) F-22 (US)
C-17 (CA) EUROFIGHTER (GE, IT, RC-135 (US)
CP-140 (CA) SP, UK) Rafale (FR)
E-2C (US) F-15 (US) Sea King (UK)
NIMROD R1 (UK) TORNADO (IT, UK)
Sentinel R1 (UK)

16/26 Nations

8,000
71%
Number of Aircraft

SHF SHF
NUS:
X-Band X-Band
64%

~5,000 UHF

US:
59% ~2,500 UHF
36% NUS: 64%
US: 36% 94% CRCs Space Bw Deployable Bw
29% NUS: 63%
NUS: 29% 41%
US: 71%
NUS: 28% US: 37% CAOCs
US: 72%
6% NUS:
Total AC Attack ISR/Tn
2007 2007
Link 16 Interoperability

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 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Air and Space
UK/SKYNET 4/5, FR/SYRACUSE III, IT/SICRAL

X
NATO IV
(decommissioned)
US/MUOS
2012
NATO EHF
COMMERCIAL

F-15 (US)
ISR C-5 (US) F-16 (BE, DA, GR, NL,
C-17 (CA)
CP-140 (CA)
NO, PL, PO, TU, US) NATIONAL
737-700 (TU) F-18 (CA, US) Rafale (FR)
A-10 (US) E-2 (FR, US) F-22 (US) Sentinel R1 (UK)
A-400 (GE) E-3 (NATO, UK, US) GLOBAL HAWK (US) TORNADO (UK)
B-1 (US) E-8 (US) JAS-39 (HU) TRISTAR (UK)
B-2 (US) EA-6B (US) KC-767 (US) VC-10 (UK)
B-52 (US) EC-130H (US) KDC-10 (NL)
C-130 (NL, UK, US) EMB-145 (GR) P-3 (GE, PO, US)
C-17 (US) Euro Hawk (GE) RC-135 (US)
EUROFIGHTER (GE, IT, Sea King (UK)
SP, UK)
17/26 Nations

~8,500
8,000 38% EHF
71% EHF

NUS: 99%
Number of Aircraft

SHF
SHF
NUS: 64% X-Band
X-Band

~6,000
US: 1% ~5,000 29% UHF

62% NUS: ~3,000

US: 36%
59%
~2,500 ACCS UHF
NUS: 32% NUS: 64% 71% 56%
NUS: 98% ARS Space Bw Deployable Bw
US: 36%
NUS:37% 94% US: 2% CAOCs
29%
41%
NUS: 29% US: 68% NUS: 63%
44%
US: 71%
NUS: 28%
US: 63% US: 37%
DARS CRCs
US: 85%
US:72%
6% NUS

Total AC Total AC Attack Attack ISR/Tn ISR/Tn DFCIS

2007 2012 2007 2012 2007 2012
Link 16 Interoperability

E3A MNT ACCS LOC 1 IOC ACCS FOC Air C2IS

19
 NATO Air C4ISR Roadmap – Air and Space
UK/SKYNET 4/5, FR/SYRACUSE III, IT/SICRAL

US/MUOS 2017
NATO EHF COMMERCIAL

Euro Hawk (GE)

C-130 (NL, UK, US)
ISR F-15 (US) Rafale (FR)
C-5 (US)
C-17 (CA, US)
F-16 (BE, DA, GR, NL, RC-135 (US) NATIONAL
NO, PL, PO, TU, US)
CP-140 (CA) Sea King (UK)
737-700 (TU) F-18 (CA, US) Sentinel R1 (UK)
A-10 (US) E-2 (FR, US) F-22 (US) TORNADO (UK)
A-400 (GE) E-3 (FR, NATO, UK, US) F-35 (US, +) TRISTAR (UK)
B-1 (US) E-8 (US) GLOBAL HAWK (US) VC-10 (UK)
B-2 (US) EA-6B (US) JAS-39 (HU)
B-52 (US) EC-130H (US) KC-767 (US)
EMB-145 (GR) KDC-10 (NL)
EUROFIGHTER (GE, IT, P-3 (GE, PO, US)
SP, UK, +)
17/26 Nations
EHF
~8,000 EHF

8,000 38%
71% SHF
SHF X-Band
NUS: 99%
Number of Aircraft

X-Band
NUS: 64%

~6,000
US: 28 1% ~5,000 29% UHF

62% NUS: ~3,000

US: 36%
59% UHF

71% ~2,500
NUS: 32% NUS: 64% 56% DARS
NUS:37% NUS:98% Space Bw Deployable Bw
94% CRCs
US: 36%
US: 2%
29% NUS: 63%
NUS: 29% US: 68%
41% 44%
NUS: 28% US: 63% US:37%
ACCS ARS
CAOCs
US:71%
US: 85%
US: 72%
6% NUS:
DFCIS+ACCS
Total AC Total AC Attack Attack ISR/Tn ISR/Tn
2007 2012 2007 2012 2007 2012
Link 16 Interoperability

E3A MNT ACCS LOC 1 IOC ACCS FOC Air C2IS AGS IOC DCIS CJTF IOC AGS FOC

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 Outline of Air C4ISR Roadmap

ƒ Introduction
•• Building
Building the
the Roadmap
Roadmap
•• Goal:
Goal: Network-Enabled
Network-Enabled Alliance
Alliance

ƒ Strategy
•• Programmes
Programmes
•• Force
Force Development
Development &
& Human
Human Dimension
Dimension

ƒ Today and Tomorrow

•• Ground
Ground Environment
Environment
•• Air
Air &
& Space
Space Environment
Environment

ƒ Gaps and Recommendations

ƒ Benefits

21
 Gap 1: Lack of C4ISR Governance

Stakeholders

NC3B Nations ACT / C4I

MC
EWG (JISR-ICDT)
ACT
ACO
SRB
NNEC IC ISR
Governance NACMO Governance
CNAD
NSC
CBC/MBC
NCS

Recommendation: C4ISR champions at every level

22
 Gap 2: Force Development Disconnect
Nations

STRATEGIC LEADING & DIRECTING

RIGHT PERSON!
RIGHT POSITION!
RIGHT TIME!
OPERATIONAL OR ORGANISATIONAL
INCORPORATE PEOPLE / CAPABILITIES

TACTICAL OR PERSONAL DIRECT

Acquire
Acquire knowledge
knowledge // skills,
skills, cultural
cultural
Assimilation,
Assimilation, adopting
adopting core
core values
values
Specialist
Specialist

Recommendation: Effective/Cohesive Trg & Dev effort

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 Gap 3: Limited Strategic & Operational Programme Oversight

Bi-SC
Bi-SC AIS
AIS NGCS
NGCS

ALTBMD
ALTBMD AGS
AGS
ACCS
ACCS

Recommendation:
Joint strategic & operational oversight of C4ISR programmes
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 Gap 4: Poor Information Management

KNOWLEDGE
“SENSEMAKING”
“SENSEMAKING”

INFO

Recommendation: Improved Information Management

— Strategy…Concept…Planning —
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 Gap 5: Operational Lifecycle Management Disconnect
Need/Idea
Need/Idea Capability
Capability
Generation
Generation
Experiment
Experiment

Feedback
Feedback &
& Lessons
Lessons
Learned
Learned

Demonstration
Demonstration

Exercise
Exercise

Operations
Operations
Warfighter
Warfighter
Needs
Needs
What’s
What’s Needed:
Better implementation of Alliance interoperability
– Shorten Operational Life Cycle Implementation –
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 Outline of Air C4ISR Roadmap

ƒ Introduction
•• Building
Building the
the Roadmap
Roadmap
•• Goal:
Goal: Network-Enabled
Network-Enabled Alliance
Alliance

ƒ Strategy
•• Programmes
Programmes
•• Force
Force Development
Development &
& Human
Human Dimension
Dimension

ƒ Today and Tomorrow

•• Ground
Ground Environment
Environment
•• Air
Air &
& Space
Space Environment
Environment

ƒ Gaps and Recommendations

ƒ Benefits

27
 Air C4ISR Roadmap “Benefits”

Joint
Joint Common
Common
Operating
Operating Picture
Picture
Real-Time
Real-Time C2
C2 && SSA
SSA

Alliance
Alliance Network
Network Connectivity
Connectivity
Decision
Decision Superiority
Superiority

Shared
Shared Information
Information
Shared
Shared Situational
Situational Awareness
Awareness

Fused
Fused Intelligence
Intelligence
Improved
Improved Target
Target characterisation
characterisation

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 JAPCC Contact Names
+49 (0) 2824 90 xxxx
ƒ Lt Col Fred Akkerman – Air C2 2266
ƒ Lt Col Jim Bates – Comms 2263
ƒ Wg Comd Dion Bowen – ISR 2264
ƒ Lt Col Jens Fehler – UAS 2217
ƒ Maj Ioannis Kollias – Data Links 2267
ƒ Lt Col Ralf Korus – Air Defence 2292
ƒ Lt Col Frank Scholze – ISR 2293
ƒ Maj Tom Single – Space 2268
ƒ Lt Col Matt Smith – NAEW & C 2269
ƒ Lt Col Mauro Volpe – IM & KM 2213
LastName@japcc.de
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Questions