Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• What neutrophil count means danger? 100 is immediate and 1000 uwaga
• Lowest amount of platelet for surgery – 50.g/l
• How big is the plasma bag in ml 300
• What increases apt T ,
Dic, Lupus, fdp, heamopillia a an b , von willenbrand and prekalikren or kinogen
• Know the numbers for macrocytic (>98), microcytic (<78), and normocytic (78-98)
anemia
• What do you do if your patient is a postmenopausal women with irondeficiency? Give
iron supplement or check for blood disorder etc
• Bortezomib = proteoze inhibitor
• What is the function of adhesion molecules?
Inflammatory cell recruitment requires the concerted action of at least five major sets of
adhesion molecules: integrins, immunoglobulin-like molecules, selectins, carbohydrate
structures serving as selectin ligands, and certain ectoenzymes.
• What is cryoathesis(?)
• What causes increase in D-dimer? DIC. DVT, PE
• Treatment of DIC –
Treat underlying disease
Restoration of anticoagulant pathways
=AT concentrate – 2500-3000 IU/day for 72-96 h
=Protein C concentrate – 245 mg/kg/day for 96 h
Anticoagulants
Heparin (300-500 j./h) or LMW heparin (Fraxiparin 15000-30000 j./day; Clexan 20-
40 mg/day)
Recombinant TFPI
Inactivated VIIa
Recombinant NAPc2 (complex between TF/VIIa and the factor derived from
nematode anticoagulant protein-NAP)
Substitution therapy
Quite safe substitution
RBC transfusions
PLT transfusions
Fresh frozen plasma
(10-15 ml/kg/day)
“Can add fuel to the fire”
Cryoprecipitate
1 pack from 400 ml of plasma/10 kg of body weight/day
• Know the anemias well i.e. B12 deficiency vs iron deficiency etc
• Coombs test
The indirect Coombs test is used in prenatal testing of pregnant women, and in testing blood
prior to a blood transfusion. It detects antibodies against RBCs that are present unbound in the
patient's serum. In this case, serum is extracted from the blood, and the serum is incubated
with RBCs of known antigenicity. If agglutination occurs, the indirect Coombs test is
positive.[
• When does a neoplasm start; what level 1 cell, 2 cells, 100 cells etc
• How many cells are produced in the body per day? I trillion
Emergency therapy :
Imatinib for ph+ ALL. Monoclonal Abs against lymphoid antigens
AML Treatment:
Induction chemo—
“3+7” : Idarubicin/daunorubicin x 3d and cytarabine x 7d
CR ( complete remission ) –
Consolidation therapy: chemo or allo or auto
M3 subtype –
ATRA added to induction chemo. ( ATRA = all trance retinoic acid)
Supportive care
CLL Treatment:
Palliative – early stage disease followed without therapy
Treatment is indicated starting Rai Stages III/IV, Binet stage C, progressive
disease, AIHA or ITP refractory to steroids, recurrent infections.
Initial trt- fludarabine or chlorambucil =/- monoclonal Ab against CD20
( rituximab) or CD52 ( alemtuzumab)
CML Treatment:
Allogeneic HSCT is the only known curative.
Imatinib ( bcr-abl tyrosine kinase) is first line medical therapy
Hydroxyurea +/- leukopheresis for rapid drop of WBC count and palliation of
symptoms
Accelerated blast phase > allo HSCT
Molecules on the surface of lymphocytes frequently used as a target for the treatment of
lymphomas
CD3
CD4
CD34
CD8
CD20
Hematology