5.68 5.68 Water enters a rotating lawn sprinkler through its base at the steady rate of 16 gal/min | orl ext as shown in Fig. P5.68, The exit cross section area ‘area = 0.04in2 of each of the two nozzles is 0.04 in.? and the flow leaving each nozzle is tangential. The radius from. the axis of rotation to the centerline of each noz- ale is 8 in. (a) Determine the resisting torque required to hold the sprinkler head stationary. (b) Determine the resisting torque associated with the sprinkler rotating with a constant speed of 7 500 rev/min. (¢) Determine the angular velocity Z Q + 16 ealimin of the sprinkler if no resisting torque is applied. ; stationary control Volume. FIGURE P5.68 This is somifar to Example §.17- (a) To delermme the resisting torgue reguiied to hold the gnivkler head statlonary we use The memtnt- of momentum forgue equation ( &y. §.50). Thus, Zr G Tate = 5%, = 282%, w Por Va, we use 7 ; ; (é me yor B= fn) MM a 78 Phnt 2 (0.04 in? 7.48 gal (60 Z OF ez ae BO Ue = #7 4 2 With Eg. we tbtain = (094 Hab BANG in (Bt LNG “,) Crab ene A a Bs (oo (2 & a baie Fa = 2.96 FAM Crake 7 2H Stl (b)To determme the resisting torgue associated with a sprinkler speed of $00 rev we use €g./ afain. However, with rofafion we have min Vp @) 4 a. gt (vt BS) = 64175.68 (con't) For U, we use = (9 im.) Goo Be) Gm Ze ) Uznw (2B) bg, Thus with &y.2 we have Vy = 6407 Ht ~ 34.0 e 42 = 34.91 5 > 29% ft aud with we obfann : (094 ge (16 $4! YB in JOT.26 #)( te 2) i r Shelf ~ (78 a) 5) 2) a and q 135 Fle shaft ———— (To determine the angulay velocity of the sprinkler if ho res/shin is applied we use the combination of &%5. | and 2 torgue 12 obfasn Uw, fs or w= Wo Gurr BYCi2 ) gg ved “C8 in) s te CB in) The rotor speed, M, is thus 920 ver N= = (Hs nd) GH) . = an ed)5.71 5.71 A water turbine wheel rotates at the rate of 50 rpm in. the direction shown in Fig. PS.74. The inner radius, 7, of the blade row is 2 ft, and the outer radius, r, is 4 ft. The absolute velocity vector at the turbine rotor entrance makes an angle of 20° with the tangential direction. The inlet blade angle is 60° relative to the tangential direction. The blade outlet angle is 120°. The flowrate is 20 ft'/s. For the flow tangent to the rotor blade surface at inlet and outlet, determine an appropriate con- stant blade height, 6, and the corresponding power available at the rotor shaft Section (1) Section (2) Since m FIGURE P5.74 Q = 274 b\%, then the blade height, 6, is determined with b= a 4) 207 hy, The shaft power, Wyyarp , is obtained with the moment-of -mementum net out power equation C&.§.53). Thus, = (UG, TUM.) = PACU, UY, ) Shath eee uit woe and the use of “#" or - with UVg, depends on whether Vez “s opposite to or in the same direction as U, respectively. (o,2 To determine the value of VB, we use the velocity triangle at section (1). Thus, we have Mr Men +u (3) tan 20° tan 0° However Uo =Gw (con't)5.71 (con't) thus a! leads to oe orice, Cag¢4) (50 tom 2 EG - eee Se 76514 oo 8. "Cae thet) Cay ~ than) Ok With &.1 we obtan 2 5. @#) 20925 ft 4 ft 2a (4#t 965! ) Fer the blade velocities or Eg.2 we get U sw = GF (0mm) (27 BE) _ on gy ft i ——“Gozy a = (ft) (50m (2m Ue he = BHM Bom) C27 RE) yy tt 603. . For Vy, we use the velecity” triangle at stction()) to obtain Ve 9.65) e Vy, = Mer 2S 62 ft ic Yan 20° tan 20° ee FE For V, fg, We construct the section (2) velocity triangle Skethed below (Vg, not to scale) “Ma and we realize that” Von > Vag tan 30° ~ Y 4) From eae, of mass Yaa * Mey He %, (G)= = (2651 tt (et) = (ast (on't )§.73 5.73. The radial component of velocity of water leaving the centrifugal pump sketched in Fig. P5.73 is 30 fi/s. The mag nitude ofthe absolute velocity atthe pump exit is 60 fy/s. The fluid enters the pump rotor radially. Calculate the shaft work required per unit mass flowing through the pump. Vg = 30 tis Ye cots M FIGURE P5.73 Yume The stationary and non- determing control volume shawn in the sketch above is used. To dekwmpae the shatt work per unit mass Whale, We Can use &. $94. Thus Whate = UM, qa) The blade speed ,U,, can be blamed as rollows, a ero tgsnemmn ye ay, ef The tangentiel velocity, ¥, Ay can a ” pbhetied wa fi %. 7 - Bt = [Go #)*~ (so) ] = # Thus, frm &./ fos £t\/ sa tt (pe te 2 5960 fhNG shaft 76 WM 2) olay. Zz) oo £ slug5.74 5.74 A fan (see Fig. P5.74) has a bladed rotor of 12-in.-outside diameter and 5-in.-inside di- ameter and runs at 1725 rpm. The width of each rotor blade is 1 in. from blade inlet to outlet. The volume flowrate is steady at 230 ft/min and the absolute velocity of the air at blade inlet, Vi, is purely radial. The blade discharge angle is 30° measured with respect to the tangential direction at the outside diameter of the rotor. (a) What would be a reasonable blade inlet angle (mea- } sured with respect to the tangential direction at : the inside diameter of the rotor)? (b) Find the i power required to run the fan. FIGURE P5.74 taal The stationary and vnon~ deforming control volume shown in the sketch, abwe is used. To determine a reasonable blade talet angle we assume that the blade shonid be tangent fo the relative velocity at the inlet. The salet Velocity *iangle 1s sketched belw. With the velocity triangle , we conclude that - rar () a Yu yo. 8, wai "A aah, aw (a5 in CT) aoe 2 a yu = (2.5 in) ay ) Gn es) _ 3x6 tt (12 in. 60s 7 5 ft C Pin) Thus with Ey. # CEFN" Coan’)5.74 (con't) fhe Power reguired, Wee » may be obtamed with Ey. 5.53. as =muUYV @) Shatp 2 2 G2 The mass Howvak , rh, may be obtained as Follows. 2 -3 ti, = PQ = (23x shee) 230 fe cL )= sexo 6B bos. 2 ms Also a U = hw = in ans pg, 2H eee tt (12 te ) (60 =) bun The value of Vy may be obtained by considerin fae Yeleity triangle tov the How feaviig the rotor at sectin(i). The relative velocity at the votw exit is Considered to be tangent to the blade there, The volw exit flow velocity iangle is G2 & 62 .e and “ ¢ 230 f# lee $e) Ww, = Ve, Darth, _ 20 (bin Wim abe fin). poy ft d tam 30° tin 30" Yan 30* os Thus y= 903 f asd . gag tt 62 z F £ and from &%. Wat = (9.12 05 slay I(f0 Hy(ot4 A! 4. Slug5.13R structed from pipe with }-in. inside diameter as indicated in F P5.13R. Bach arm is 6 in. in length, Wat sprinkler at the rate of 1.5 Ib/s. A force of 3 Ib positioned halfway along one arm holds the sprinkler stationary. Compute the angle, 8, which the exiting water stream makes with the tangential direction. The flow leaves the nozzles in the horizon- tal plane. b-12in— 8.13R (Moment-of-momentum) _ A lawin sprinkler is con- [ Hows through the FIGURE P5.13R the stationary , non~ determing contro! volume shown in tHe sketch ts used. Application of the axial compunent of the moment—of- momentum equation (bq. 5-50) kads » = m = 6 1, ieee aes a V cos aM Since Y= hm 2 20 Arosle poring where a . eT nngyle opening no3he 4 &g. 1 leads pe cartel _ TPuogte open volume 00s O = Ttaht®P % : o 10" te where m= pay = £0- Bea Lees = 0.0466 Si 2 LL gs p= cos) te GRIN LIF yt) & ge #) (0.0466 Sluae)* (& Ft) This, O@ = 23.95.16R er turbine is through the 00 rpm, esti ‘mate the shat torque and shaft power involved. Each nozzle exit cross-sectional area is 3.5.x 10-5 FE, 5.16R (Moment-of-momentum) A small designed as shown in Fig. PS.16R. If the flow turbine is 0.0030 slugs/s, and the rotor spect J wozzie ext ea = ¥ g5x 106? FIGURE P5.16R i For shatt forgue we can use the axial component of the moment - of - momentum eguation (EG. 5.50). Thus, with Vy, =O* eom rt V, Catt " a . Consideration of the absoluke and relative velocities of the How out of each nozzle (ste sketch belav) leads to Yar KW \eVoo where 7 Ww z aud U,= hw U, Thus, . ; thas 7 (Sm 5 ) ‘shaft 2pA oaye Tot -b.003 Sia gran] oes Shalt 12 ti 2(0H SEV 3.5 x10 #4? ) we ie Gin G00 20 24) (Ga) (7B) (5) oe (continved)5.16R continued =-0.0107 Hl jmues $i forgue opposes 0 tl Conchals “wn Oa Mow, | Wrote? Tohath or yr vid ae = (0,007 Ft Ib (3 wy Gn 0996 ttl ‘shalt 40 E —— mn (minus sign means work is out of the Control volume)