//Program to generate huffman codes

#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>

int freq;
char letter;
node *left,*right,*parent;
node()
{
freq=0;
letter='-';
left=NULL;
right=NULL;
parent=NULL;
node *arr[max];
int arr1[10],arr2[10],arr3[10];
int heapsize,arr_len,count;
huffman()
{
heapsize=0;
arr_len=0;
count=0;
}
void set_array();
void get_array();
void get_count();
void min_heapify(int i);
void buildheap();
node* extractmin();
int parent(int i);
int left(int i);
int right(int i);
void min_heap_insert(node*);
void minheapdecreasekey(int,node*);
void maketree();

//to display number of comparisons

void get_count()
{
cout<<"\nThe number of comparisons is "<<count;
}
//to input array from console
void set_array()
{
cout<<"\nEnter the size of the array";
cin>>arr_len;
for(int i=1;i<=arr_len;i++)
{ arr[i]=new node;
cout<<"\nEnter the letter";
cin>>arr[i]->letter;
cout<<"\nEnter the frequency";
cin>>arr[i]->freq;
}
buildheap();
}
//to display array on console
void get_array()
{ cout<<"\nThe min heap is ";
for(int i=1;i<=arr_len;i++)
{
cout<<"\n"<<arr[i]->letter<<" "<<arr[i]->freq;
}
}
//to find parent of any node
int parent(int i)
{
return i/2;
}
//to find left child of any node
int left(int i)
{
return 2*i;
}
//to find right child of a node
int right(int i)
{
return 2*i+1;
}
//to ensure that heap propert yis satisfied for every node
void min_heapify(int i)
{
int smallest,l,r;
l=left(i);
r=right(i);
if(l<=heapsize && arr[l]->freq<arr[i]->freq)
{ count++;
smallest=l;
}
else smallest= i;
if(r<=heapsize && arr[r]->freq<arr[smallest]->freq)
{
count++;
smallest=r;
}
if(smallest!=i)
{
node *temp;
temp=new node;
temp=arr[smallest];
arr[smallest]=arr[i];
arr[i]=temp;
min_heapify(smallest);
}
}
//to create a min heap of an unsorted array
void buildheap()
{
heapsize=arr_len;
for(int i=heapsize/2; i>=1; i--)
min_heapify(i);
}
node* extractmin()
{
if(heapsize<1)
 {
cout<<"heap underflow";
return 0;
}
else
{
node *max1=0;
max1=new node;
max1=arr[1];
arr[1]=arr[heapsize];
heapsize-=1;
min_heapify(1);
return max1;
}
}
//to decrease key value of any node
void minheapdecreasekey(int i, node *z)
{
if(z->freq>arr[i]->freq)
{
count++;
cout<<"\nNEW key greater than current key";
}
else
{
arr[i]->freq=z->freq;
while((i>1)&&(arr[parent(i)]->freq>=arr[i]->freq))
{
count++;
node *temp;
temp=new node;
temp=arr[i];
arr[i]=arr[parent(i)];
arr[parent(i)]=temp;
i=parent(i);
}
}
}
//to insert a particular node
void min_heap_insert(node *z)
{
heapsize=heapsize+1;
arr[heapsize]=new node;
arr[heapsize]->freq=30000;
minheapdecreasekey(heapsize,z);
}
//function to display huffman codes
void maketree()
{ static int j=1;
node *leaf_1=new node;
node *leaf_2=new node;
node *child=new node;
leaf_1=extractmin();
//cout<<"\n"<<leaf_1->freq<<" "<<leaf_1->letter;
leaf_2=extractmin();
// cout<<"\n"<<leaf_2->freq<<" "<<leaf_2->letter;
child->freq=leaf_1->freq+leaf_2->freq;
 arr1[j]=child->freq;
child->letter='-';
child->left=leaf_1;
child->right=leaf_2;

leaf_1->parent=child;
leaf_2->parent=child;
cout<<"\n\n"<<child->left->freq<<" : "<<child->left->letter;
cout<<"\n\n"<<child->right->freq<<" : "<<child->right->letter;
arr2[j]=child->left->freq;
arr3[j]=child->right->freq;
j++;
cout<<"\n\n"<<child->freq<<" : "<<child->letter;
min_heap_insert(child);
cout<<"\nArray after min heap insert";
for(int i=1;i<=heapsize;i++)
cout<<"\n"<<arr[i]->freq<<" "<<arr[i]->letter;
if(heapsize==1)
{
for(int k=(arr_len-1);k>=1;k--)
{ if(k==(arr_len-1))
cout<<"\n"<<arr1[k];
cout<<" "<<"\n0 : "<<arr2[k]<<"\n1 : "<<arr3[k];
}
}
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
int select;
do
{
cout<<"\n\nMENU";
cout<<"\n1.ENTER CHARACTERS WITH FREQUENCIES";
cout<<"\n2.DISPLAY";
cout<<"\n3.MAKE HUFFMAN TREE";
cout<<"\n4.EXIT";
cout<<"\nENTER YOUR CHOICE : ";
cin>>select;
switch(select)
{
case 1:obj.set_array();
break;
case 2:obj.get_array();
break;
case 3:while(obj.heapsize!=1)
obj.maketree();
obj.get_count();
break;
case 4:break;
}
}while(select!=4);
 getch();
}