Formal Report Grade:

Group No: Group 4 Date Performed: June 24, 2008

Subject/Section: CHEM110L/HUB22 Date Submitted: July 1, 2008
Instructor: OBIAS, MA. JEANNETTE

Names Signatures
Group Leader: CORTES, KEVIN F. ____________
Group Members: ALMANZOR, AUDREY ROSE B. ____________
HUERTO, CHRYSMEISES D. ____________
KIM, TAEHYEONG ____________

Experiment No. 2
PROPERTIES AND TRANSFORMATION OF MATTER

I. OBJECTIVES
1. To distinguish between physical and chemical properties
2. To distinguish between physical change and chemical change
3. To be able to analyze and classify observed changes
II. DATA AND RESULTS
Processes

1. Evaporation of alcohol

a. Observations on the evaporation of alcohol

i. Before the process ethanol can be seen in the watch

glass

ii. After the process ethanol evaporated and mixed with

the air

b. The process is a physical property

c. The process is a physical transformation

2. Melting of ice

a. Observations on the melting of ice

i. Before the process the water is in a solid form

ii. After the process the water is in its liquid form

b. The process is a physical property

 c. The process is a physical transformation

3. Ignition of Magnesium Ribbon

a. Observations on the ignition of magnesium ribbon

i. Before the process the component of the magnesium

ribbon is still intact

ii. After the process the magnesium ribbon is burnt into

ashes

b. The process is a chemical property

c. The process is a chemical transformation

4. Sublimination of Naphthalene

a. Observations on the sublimination of Naphthalene

i. Before the process the Naphthalene is still in its solid

form

ii. After the process the Naphthalene evaporated and

created moisture around the beaker

b. The process is a physical property

c. The process is a physical transformation

5. Burning of Paper

a. Observations on the burning of paper

i. Before the process the component of the paper is still

intact

ii. After the process the paper is burnt into ashes

b. The process is a chemical property

 c. The process is a chemical transformation

6. Reaction of Zinc Metal with HCl

a. Observations on the reaction of Zinc Metal with HCl

i. Before the process the component of Zinc Metal is still

the same

ii. After the process Zinc Metal formed bubbles

b. The process is a physical property

c. The process is a physical transformation

III. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

This experiment helped the students know the difference between the
physical properties and the chemical properties of matter and also the
difference between the physical transformation and chemical transformation
of matter.

There are a lot of way to change physical state of matter like melting
and sublimation. It can be said that by applying mechanical processes to a
substance to change its state, that object is undergoing a physical change.
Since, the object underwent a physical change the properties that can be seen
are called physical properties of that object like the freezing point and melting
point of an object.

In changing the composition of an object one has to do it by chemical

process or by having the matter undergo a chemical change. This process
usually involves igniting the object so that it can form a new substance. The
transformation that the matter underwent is a chemical transformation since
the substance’s composition has been changed entirely.

Thus, the students have been able to classify whether the process a
substance undergoes is by a physical change or by a chemical change and the
properties that these substances show upon performing the experiment.

IV. CONCLUSION
Matter as we all know undergoes changes from time to time and
through this activity, we learned on how to classify these changes whether it is
physical or chemical change. In the physical change, there is a change in
physical state but there is no alteration in composition. In the chemical change
there is an alteration in the composition of matter.
 Through this activity we also distinguished the physical properties or
chemical properties of a substance. We can say that if the characteristics are
observable and measurable without changing the composition of the substance
it is the physical property of the object meanwhile those characteristics that
can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance are the
chemical properties of a substance. The objectives lined up for the experiment
were met as the activity was done.
V. ANSWERS TO GUIDE QUESTIONS
Freezing is an example of physical change that we usually observe in
our daily life. Other kinds of physical change could be the grinding of
mercury and iodine and dissolving salt in water

Ripening of fruits, burning of fuels and oxidation of food in the body

are some of the chemical change that each of us has knowledge of. Another
example of chemical change is strongly heating a mixture of iron and sulphur.
VI. REFERENCES
1. Samonte, J. and Figueroa L. General Chemistry Laboratory Manual 3rd
Edition. Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., 2007.
2. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (internet website). At
http://www.wikipedia.org/
3. Chang, R. Chemistry Ninth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc., 2007.