2011

Basic idea about

spinning mill visit.

Mill visit to Panna Textile Ltd.

City University
1/24/2011
 Submitted to
Umera Islam

Lecturer of B.S.T.E.

City University

Submitted by
NAME ID

Shahriar Al-Sehab 09322131

Faysal Islam 09322015

Mohammad Sajib 09322073

Aminul Islam 09322031

Mehedi Arif 09322108

Sheikh Shezan Alam 09322064

Sumon Miah 09322120

Ahsan Habib 09322173

SL NO Name of section Page NO
01 Preface 01

02 Blow Room 02-05

03 Carding 05-08

04 Drawing 08-11

05 Roving 11-14

06 Ring frame 14-17

07 Last word 17
 Preface

In our daily life, we use cars, bases, micros and many other things as transport but without the tyre of the
transports why they are for. Similarly without

1. Yarn Manufacturing
2. Fabric Manufacturing
3. Wet Manufacturing
4. Garments Manufacturing

We can’t think about textile.

As student of textile we have to gather knowledge about those four more and more.

We are thankful to our course instructor Umera Islam. She gives us change to acquire knowledge,
practical knowledge (which is very much important for any engineering).

She takes us to Panna textile mills, to show us how fiber turns to yarn.

We get a change to compare between there & practical knowledge.

Here we are trying to describe that…...........

Getting start

Spinning is the process by which fibers turn to yarn but it is not a single step process. For these we have
to go through by

Process Flow Chart of Carded Yarn Manufacturing:

Input Material ———Processing Machines ——–Output Materials

Raw Cotton >>>>>> Blow Room>>>>>>>>>>>Lap

Lap>>>>>>>>>>>Carding>>>>>>>>>>>>>>Carded Sliver

Carded Sliver>>>>>Drawing 1>>>>>>>>>>>>Drawn Sliver

Breaker Sliver>>>>>Drawing 2>>>>>>>>>>>>Finisher Drawn Sliver

Finisher Drawn Sliver>>Simplex/ Speed Frame>>>Roving

Roving>>>>>>>>>Ring Frame>>>>>>>>>>>>Yarn

Yarn>>>>>>>>>>Winding>>>>>>>>>>>>>>Yarn In Large Package.

To make easy our discussion we are describing the process of carded yarn & the information we get from
Panna Textile Mill.

Blow rooms theory

Blow room installations consist of a sequence of different machines to carry out the operations described
below. Moreover Since the tuft size of cotton becomes smaller and smaller here.

Opening

cleaning

mixing or blending

micro dust removal

uniform feed to the carding machine

Recycling the waste.

There is some action which is carried out on blow room section of textile spinning manufacturing
section.

1. Action of opposite strike: The actions of opposite spike opened the cotton fiber. By this action the large
pieces of cotton have been reduced in size.

2. Action of air current: During processing, the movement of cotton from machine to machine is done by
air current. It also helps the separation of lint and trash.

3. Action of beater: Beaters are responsible for removing almost all of the impurities extracted in the blow
room. Beaters also helps opening and cleaning.
4. Actions of regulating motion: The action of regulating motion gives the uniform output by the help of
sewing door, swing paddle.

Blow room of Panna textile

In Panna Textile, there is no digital system for opening, cleaning, mixing and blending, all those process
done manually in Panna textile.

After this, the hand mixed cotton feed to Hopper bale breaker. The process and the every step from this
to lap formation is given below.

Hopper bale breaker

Step cleaner

Multimixer

RN Bitter

RSK Bitter

FX Bitter

Scutcher Bitter

Lap

Lap is output of this process.

To flow cotton from one step to another adjusting fans & feeding fans are used.
 Photo gallery of blow room of Panna Textile

1 2

3 4

5 6
The pictures are about

1. Cotton bale
2. Opening and mixing
3. Feeding in hopper feeder
4. Lap, as output from Scutcher
5. Collecting impurities
6. Observation of wastage

Theory of Carding

In yarn production, a process of separating individual fibers, causing many of them to lie parallel and

removing most of the remaining impurities. Cotton, wool, waste silk, and man-made staple are subjected

to carding. Carding produces a thin sheet of uniform thickness that is then condensed to form a thick,

continuous, untwisted strand called sliver. When very fine yarns are desired, carding is followed by

combing, a process that removes short fibers, leaving a sliver composed entirely of long fibers, all laid

parallel and smoother and more lustrous than uncombed types. Carded and combed sliver is then spun.

"Card is the heart of the spinning mill"

And

"Well carded is half spun”

are two proverbs of the experts. These proverbs inform the immense significance of carding in the

spinning process. High production in carding to economies the process leads to reduction in yarn

quality. Higher the production, the more sensitive becomes the carding operation and the greater

danger of a negative influence on quality. The technological change that has taken place in the process of

carding is remarkable.
TECHNOLOGICAL POINTS IN CARDING.

There are two types of feeding to the cards

1. Feeding material in the form of Scutcher lap

2. Flock feed system (flocks are transported pneumatically)

Carding process in Panna Textile

In Panna textile feeding to the cards Scutcher is used. This is done by carding machine of trutzschler.

Carding process of Panna Textile is given bellow as flowchart.

Input of lap (in the form of Scutcher lap)

Carding action

Stripping action

Doffing action

Carded sliver as output

Carded sliver collected in cans.

 Photo gallery of carding of Panna Textile

01 02

03 04

05 06
The pictures are about

1. Carding machine
2. Carding machine
3. Better & spikes of carding machine
4. Carded lap as output
5. Carded lap as output
6. Collection of carded lap to cane.

Theory of drawing

A process in short, staple spinning in which the slivers are blended, doubled leveled & drafted by each
pair moving faster than the previous one.

Draw frame is a very critical machine in the spinning process. Its influence on quality, especially on
evenness is very big. If draw frame is not set properly, it will also result in drop in yarn strength and yarn
elongation at break. The faults in the sliver that come out of draw frame cannot be corrected. It will pass
into the yarn.

The factors that affect the yarn quality are

The total draft no of draw frame passages

Break draft

No of doublings

Feeding amount of draw frame

Fiber length

Fiber fineness

Delivery speed

Type of drafting, etc.
 Drawing process of Panna Textiles

In Panna textile feeding to the cards Scutcher is used. This is done by drawing machine of trutzschler.

Drawing process of Panna Textile is given bellow as flowchart……………

Carded sliver as input

Doubling

Drafting

Drawn sliver as out put

From here drawn sliver are taken to simplex machine for forming roving.
Photo gallery of drawing of Panna textile

2 3

4
The pictures are about

1. Carded slivers are in cane.

2. Carded slivers are going for drawing.
3. Inputting in drawing machine
4. Roving.

Theory of Roving Frame

Roving: A loose assemblage of fibers drawn or rubbed into a single strand, with very little twist. In the
modern cotton spinning system, it is an intermediate state between sliver & yarn.

Roving frame: A machine used in yarn manufacture to reduce the size of sliver to roving, insert a slight
amount of twist, & wind it on a package.

Roving machine is complicated, liable to faults, causes defects, adds to production costs and delivers
a product that is sensitive in both winding and unwinding. The following parameters are very important in
roving frame. They are……..

Feed hank

Delivery hank

Roving tension

break draft

Drafting system

Bottom roller setting

Top roller setting

condensers and spacers

Twist in the roving

Bobbin content

flyer speed

Creel and creel draft

Draw frame sliver and can

Bobbin height

Breakage rate
 Roving process in Panna Textile

Simplex machine are used for roving & for roving Panna Textile use “Lakshmi LF-1400-A” simplex
machine.

Drawn sliver

Rubbed in a single strand

Very little twist

Wind on a package

Roving

From here drawn sliver are taken to Roving frame machine for forming roving.
 Photo gallery of roving frame of Panna textile

1 2

3 4

5 6
The pictures are about

1. Drawn sliver as input

2. A small part of simplex machine
3. Rubber pad observation
4. Drafting of roving
5. Output from simplex m/c
6. Untwisted rope (roving)

Theory of Ring frame

The ring frame machine was invented in the year 1828 by the American Thorp.

Twist is inserted into a yarn after it emerges from the front drafting rolls by passing it through a yarn
guide, to a traveler, and to a rapidly rotating robbing simultaneously and continuously. Ring spinning
produces stronger yarn than open end spinning and is economical of finer counts.

A machine for spinning cotton, worsted, woolen, flax, spun silk and manufactured fiber yarn. The machine
delivers sliver or roving to a drafting system. The yarn strand that emerges from the front drafting rolls
from a balloon between a yarn guide and a traveler that circles a bobbin. The yarn winds onto the
spinning bobbing at a rate determined by the delivered speed of the drafting system; all addition rotation o
f the bobbin inserts twist into the yarn.

Ring frame Technology is a simple and old technology, but the production and quality requirements at
the present scenario puts in a lot of pressure on the Technologist to select the optimum process
parameters and machine parameters, so that a good quality yarn can be produced at a lower
manufacturing cost.

Following are the points to b e considered in a ring frame

Drafting and setting

Ring and travelers

Spindle speed

Twist

Lift of the machine

Creel type

Feed material

Length of the machine

Type of drive , above all

Simplex in Panna textile

Ring frame machine are used for twisting or completing the process of yarn manufacturing and
“MARZOLI” spinning solution used in Panna textile………….

Roving as input

Drafting

Twisting

Reeling

Twisted yarn in creel form

From here the reels are taken away to auto cone for cone winding after cone winding the cone are ready

for sell but before this a little finishing process take place.

To make stable the twist the cone are go through into a finishing process, for this 500 cone are gathered
0
in one boiler. For these 500 cone 3 kg water are heated to 90 C & spread for 40 - 50 minutes.

After this wet of every cone increased 2 pound.

 Photo gallery of Ring frame Auto cone & finishing boiler

1 2

3 4

5 6
7 8

9 10
 Last word

Creation of something is not as easy as use it. The engineers are creator. By their creativity &
knowledge they create, but the creation is not only for them they do so for mankind. Nothing can do
without any pathfinder. Engineers are not out of this. When they are becoming ready they also need
pathfinder. Here the teachers contributes as pathfinder. Without them (teachers) a student can’t prepare
for the very important responsibility of creation.

And of-course we are the student of textile engineering, for this the responsibility (mentioned
above) becomes our responsibility too, our teachers are not lacking behind too.

So, if we can’t do our part, what will be our excuse to our next generation?

Not to face this situation, the mill visit to Panna Textile is a very small effort we did & we will be.