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SAP FICO
Step by Step Configuration
Published By BlessPro
Visit us at http://www.BlessPro.com/
Copyright2009@blesspro
This material logically link Accounts and FICO Configuration to help people without
accounts background to learn FICO. (The success of an FICO consultant depend on his
ability to understand account concepts behind each configuration steps. This material is t
to teach you the accounting concepts along with configuration.) To attain this GOAL,
‘Journal entries’ for Each Transaction is given with reason to get a confidence in Accounts
and Internal Structure of FICO.
This material is Prepared for our Students only, Our FICO Course is based on this
material.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.About SAP and General Concepts
a) SAP Architecture
b) SAP GUI
c) Modules in R/3
d) FI General Concepts
e) Easy Access
f) Implementation Guide(IMG)
2.Accounting Fundamentals
a) Basics of Accounts
b) Nominal a/c
c) Real a/c
d) Personal a/c
f) Case Study for G/L Accounts and Link to FICO Posting Keys
h) Balance Sheet
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3.Enterprise Structure
a) Client
b) Company
c) Company Code
d) Business Area
e) Functional Area
f) FM Area
b) Posting Period
c) Document Type
d) Posting Key
e) Field status
f) Tolerance groups
b) Account Groups
f) G/L Posting
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b) No. Range
c) Customer Master
b) No. Range
c) Vendor Master
b) Hold Document
c) Park Documnt
d) Reccuring Entries
9.Incoming Payments
a) G/L Tolerance Groups
d) Customer Payments
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10.Outgoing Payments
a) Vendor Tolerance Groups
c) Vendor Payments
11.Payment Difference
a) Partial Payment
b) Residual Payments
c) Cash Discount
d) Credit Note
e) Dcoument Clearing
12.Terms Of Payment
13.Special G/L
a) Advances
b) Down Payment
c) Bills of Exchange
14.House Bank
a) House Bank
b) Cheque Payment
c) Bank Charges,
15.Cash Journel
16.Dunning
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20.CO
a) Cost Elemnt Accounting
d) Internal Order
21.Asset Accounting
a) Chart of Depreciation
b) Depreciation Areas
c) Asset Class
d) Account Determination
h) Depreciation Key
k) Asset Explorer
l) Depreciation Run
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SAP R/3 is the client server version of the software. The “3” in R/3 stands for the three-tiered
client server architecture
R/3 Architecture: R/3 stands for real time three tier architecture. R/3 means three layers are
installed in Different system/server and they are connected with each other.
1) Presentation , 2) Application , 3) Database
b.SAP GUI
Menu Bar:
Standard toolbar: The icons in the standard toolbar are available on all SAP R/3 screens.
Title Bar: To Display title of particular Screens.
Application toolbar shows you which functions are available in the current application.
Command field: You can use the command field to go to applications directly by entering the
Transaction code or Tcode
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Status bar: The status bar displays information on the current system status, for example, warningsor
error messages
c.Modules in R/3:
2.Open and integrated data flow,Data flow between Financial Accounting and the other
components of the SAP System is ensured by automatic updates.Data is available in real time
within Financial Accounting. Postings made in the subledgers always generate a corresponding
posting in the general ledger.
When using SAP you can use two menu paths : The user menu „SAP Easy Access‟ and
„Implementation Guide‟(IMG).
e.SAP Easy Access :When you log on to SAP the first screen and menu path you are presented
with is the user menu, where end users doing their daily activities. This is where you would use
SAP‟s Document Entry functions like Customer Invoice, jourlan entry, , reports etc.
f.IMG-Implementation Guide is for configuring the system, Explore IMG is the purpose of this
material. Below is the IMG Display.
For to get IMG , Type SPRO then Press Enter at EasyAccess Screen
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You are now at IMG to Start Implementation(You IMG will look like this screen)
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2.Accounts Fundamentals:
Accountancy is the art of communicating financial information about a business entity to users such as
shareholders and managers. The communication is generally in the form of Financial Statements that
show in money terms.
Case Study:
1.Commence Business with Capital:
The owner of the business starts his business by investing $10000. So Bank a/c of Business
receives the owner‟s money( Known as Capital a/c) . Here Bank a/c and Capital a/c are Personal
accounts.
G/L will be
Bothe these accounts are G/L accounts . So Posting key 40 for Debit G/L and Posting Key 50 for Credit
G/L
2.1 Define Company:[OX15] A company in SAP is represented by 5-character alphanumeric code and
usually represents the enterprise or the group company. A company can include one or more
company code. Company represents Corporate or Group of menu company codes
For Defining a company Either type Tcode /nox15 or Select Define Company from the below
menu (always use /n before Tcode if you are not in EasyAccess Screen)
a. Select Define Company From the IMG
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b. Click
d. Click Save
e. Click Enter for Transport Request.(Required only if enabled in your system Otherwise
ignore this line ) Transport, we will discuss detail in the latter Session.
f. Click Exit
Now we will Define Company Code. In Our Case Company we have only one Company code,
so Our Company and Company Code will be same.
Fiscal Year: Usually a period of twelve months for which a company regularly creates financial
statements and checks inventories. To assign business transactions to different periods, you have to
define a fiscal year with posting periods.
Fiscal Year Variant: Fiscal Year variant defines the number of posting periods and special periods.
FYV also defines Year dependent or Calander Year.
Special Periods:Special posting periods that subdivide the last regular posting period for closing
operations. Irrespective of how you have defined your fiscal year, you can also use special periods.
Special periods subdivide the year-end closing period. They therefore merely divide the last posting
period into several closing periods. This enables you to create several supplementary financial
statements.If you do not need 12 posting periods, you can use the posting periods that are not required
as special periods.
A fiscal year is divided into posting periods. Each posting period is defined by a start and a finish date.
Before you can post documents, you must define posting periods, which in turn define the fiscal year.
Opening and closong Posting periods You define posting periods in your fiscal year variants. You can
open and close these posting periods for posting.
Bpro FiscalYear is Jan –Dec (colander Year), having 12 Posting period(12 months) and 4 special periods
3.1. Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (/nOB29)
IMG:Financial Accounting>Financial accounting global setting>Fiscal year> Maintain Fiscal Year
Variant
We are going to use K4 which is SAP Provided one, so no configuration is required.
Next Define Posting Period Varient: company code BPRO has 12 posting period from Jan to Dec
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Chart of accounts segment : The chart of accounts contains basic information about the
accounts. The information for an account is summarized in a chart of accounts segment. It
contains: . Account number,. Name of the account (as short and as long text),. Control fields,.
Consolidation fields.
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Account Groups for Customers/Vendors: The number ranges of the accounts,The ststus of the
fields in the master record,If the a/c is a one time customer or vendor.