INT 2NDINT

PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Trichuris Whip Embryonated DFS Unembryo LI, Whip -Prolapse of Anus F-O-R Yup Albendazole
trichiura worm Egg in soil/feces eggs in feces inserted -IDA, Alb, D (fecal-
into wall -Sometimes oral route) 80-90% Mebendazole
appendicitis
no migration -symptoms due to warm, Oxantel-
Barrel-S, 2 plugs M – curved 360
embryonated in soil phase to lungs unique mode of tropical Pyrantel
unembryo F – blunt; stichocytes
attachment regions
Enterobius Seat Embryonated ova Scotch tape Ileum of SI, 1) site - ulceration H-M Yup Mebendazole
Vermicularis Worm Swab Cecum,LI man 2) eggs - prupritus (hand- (F>M)
3) migration mouth) Pyrantel
Pin spindle-S, cephalic ala, Embryonated Gravid female -vulvuvag & pamoate
worm corpus, isthmus, bulb Eggs Migrates to salphingitis inhalation
D-shape, football M – curved tail Perianal area
F – pointd tail Retro
infection
Trichinella Encysted larvae in Tissue biopsy Muscle tissue -Rheumatic pain Ingestion of yup Thiabendazole
Spiralis Inad cooked pork of man, pigs (intestinal flu) encysted
Xenodiagnosis - M eosin larvae in Corticosteroid
-swollen eyelids pork (for allergic rxn)
Bachman -3 stages of inf:
larva – w/ spearlike thread-like ; F – blunt; Intradermal test intest,larval,encap Mebendazole?
burrowing tip M – curved w/ 2 lobular -Stage of conval
appendages; - death due to Ref (5F 20d,
A-end- non-papillated Myocard or enceph 20F10d, 20F 6d)
Capillaria Larva in raw fish DFS SI (jejunum ) -int mal-ab Ingestion Yup Mebendazole
Philippinensis -eggs (E) of fish, man -Borborygmi Of larva (M>F)
Eggs embryonate in -larva (L) -Ab Pain In raw I. Norte Albendazole
Fresh water -adults (A) larvae in -Diarrhea fish (N.Luzon)
gastric mucosa -Villus flat
embryonated eggs in F and intestines -Atrophy COL THA,JPN,
peanut shape typical F – 8 in 1 row -death EGY,TAI,
atypical F – 40 in 2 IRAN
M – w/ chitin spicule
Ascaris Giant Embryonated Egg DFS of eggs SI of man Lung mig –Asthma; Ingestion Yup Peperazine
Lumbricoides Round (not attach) Capil penetration Citrate
Worm Adults in SI –Pneumonia; Ab Burrowing of Most
Most Gall bladder, Liver-lung Pain due to adult Sin of foot Common Albendazole
common Liver, nares, Migration Migration; Int In world Mebendzaole
Decorticated, tri-radiate xs
Intestinal appendix (larv swallowed) Obst;  eosin Pyrantel Pam
Unembryo egg F-3 lips; M–2 spicules larvae, corticated
nematode
Ancyclostoma Old 3rd stage filariform DFS SI Ground itch; <500 eggs Oral Yes Pyrantel
Duodenale World EIA in feces = light worm, percutaneous Pamoate
Hook Lung >500 eggs = heavy worm; Tropics,
worm -ELA migration Hookworm anemia due to subT Mebendazole
teeth suction
Necator New DFS of blood/ bleeding Skin Iron
8-cell stage pointed tail, short replacement
Americanus World EIA Penetration
esophagus Microcytic Hypochromic
Hook
worm -ELA

cutting
plates
Strongyloides Thread 3rd stage filariform Rhab in stool SI man; Lung Migr Larval migration – - Skin Yes Albendazole
Stercoralis Worm aftr skin Lobular pneu w/ hem; Penetration
Penet; repro like PUD, Hyper of FL Tropics, Thiabendazole
parthogenesis Infection, Peripheral - Free-living SubT
filariform; Eosinophilia, malab - auto
no F M short buc cav Eggs hatch SI syndrome infection
 Long eso,
Prominent
Genital
primordium, notched tail

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
G
Brugia Malayi kinky, overlapping Larvae In Blood smear Lymphatics mosquitos Acute – Skin Yup Diethylcarbamazine
nuclei, nuclei Arthropod (thick Bloodstream Hypersensitizatn (not effective on
reach tail end Vector And Knott W.B. – Larva Warm adult worms)
(terminal, Conc) Peripheral Culex Chronic – (poor prog), Enter regions
subterminal n.) Bites at Blood Quinque elephantiasis bite Ivermectin
giemsa – sheath unstained Night Microfilaria Fasciatus (blocks lymphs) wound
Wuchereria smooth, single In blood at corticosteroids
Bancrofti row of nuclei, Enters Night Rural- Weingarten’s Mosquito
no term nuc, Bite Anoph; Syndrome – Bites at supportive –
>L than BM wound CARD Test – Urban- Hyper-eosin of night pressure bandaging
giemsa – pink Antigen det Fatigans; Peripheral blood
stain Bioincub Pacific- surgery
- 1 year DNA probes aedes
Loa Loa Larvae Thin blood Subcutaneous Vector- Calabar swelling Skin No Diethylcarbamazine
crawl into Smear tissue Dipteran
wound (chrysops) Adult in eye Larva Africa Corticosteroids
biopsy Enter
hypersensitivity bite surgery
shedding of sheath, wound

Dracunculus Fiery Larvae in Local lesion Mesenteric Copepods Blister w/ Ingestion NO Metronidazole
Medinensis Serpent copepods Worm/Larvae Tissues Ingest Serous exudates Of
Israelite Larva in Infective Middle Thiabendazole
s Calcifiqed Larva migrate water Pseudoperitoneal copepods East,
Worms by To lower ext syndromes Africa
Guinea larva migrates to lower ext. x-ray
worm
Oncocerca Larvae Biopsy Subcutaneous Vector- -River Blindness Skin NO Diethylcarbamazine
Volvulus Crawl into tissue Black fly -Eye lesions
Bite wound Mazzotti - Skin lesions Larva Africa Corticosteriods
- Scrotum Enter C. and S.
Slit lamp enlargement bite America Surgery
wound
Angiostrongylu Rat 3rd stage History Brain Mollusks, Eosinophilic Ingestion NO None recommended
s Lung larva in snails -eating, travel Snails: Meningoencephalitis Of larva
Cantonensis worm and slugs or Spinal cord Achantina, In snails TAI, THAI, Dead parasite
rats ingested leukocytosis Pila + eosins in CSF, CAM, VIET, Could exacerbate
by man & eosinophilia Man- CN involve, diplopia Hawaii, Tissue reaction
adult emale Accidental Planaria, and strabismus Tahiti
“Barber pole” dark red intestinal snails – paratenic Skin test needs hosts Slugs, CSF >= 500 cells/ml Surgical if
tract hosts evaluation prawns w/ 10-90% eosins ncessary
Angiostrongylu 3rd stage larva Intestines Mollusks “acute abdomen”
s in snails/ slugs (gut wall) - inflamm of ileocecal
costaricensis ingested by Snails, region; Ab pain loc to
man nd cotton rat slugs right lower quad +
(Sigmodon hispidus) palpable tumor-like m
Anisakis Herring Terranova sp – juveniles 3rd stage larva Edoscopy Marine Pseudoterranova spp – Ingestion NO Remove larvae
disease in flesh of raw Crustaceans Not penetr8 stom, Of raw By biopsy
Pseudoterranova sp – not penetrate fish; larva migrate Immunologic And fish Throat irrit, coughed Marine JPN, Forceps
from viscera to Tests under Anisakis simplex (USA) Food w/ Netherlands
 Eustrongylides sp – perforates large muscle after Study Stom, int, inflamm Alcohol, Surgical
bowel death of fish Rxn surrounding larva “green” Intervention
Anisakiasis – local herring, For obstruction
Tissue response; sashimi
(Eustrongylides spp) Manage
Perforation of L bowel conservatively

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Schistosoma S. Japonicum Free- Eggs, Adults - Calcified Bladder (dead eggs= “sandy Skin Wala Praziquantrel
Hematobium swimming miracidia Bladder, patches”); Painful urination; Penetration Siguro…
Cercaria in urine liver Kala-azar; adults coated w/ RBC An and not Thru
Platy- larva – detected; trapped Infected Tropics
Bulinus Snail
helminthes Venous (Miracidia to egg cause clinical symptoms; water Subtropics
terminal spine Plexuses cercaria) Terminal Hematuria; infection linked
To S. typhi and paratyphi carriers
Schistosoma Free- Ova in feces Liver Claypipe-stem Fibrosis = Cercaria Nope Praziquantrel
Mansoni swimming (blood, Thickening of portal vessels due to Penetrate
Cercaria mucus) Mesenteric rxn w/ eggs; Hepatosplenomegaly Skin thru Africa
Platy- Rectal biopsy venules, SC, Portal HTN, ascites, eggs sometimes Infected Brazil
Biomphalaria
helminthes lungs Deposited in SC, lungs water
Snail
 liver enzy,serum alb, glob(prot)
lateral spine
Schistosoma Cercaria Ova in feces, Liver, Katayama rxn/ fever, reaction to Cercaria Yup Praziquantrel
Japonicum Rectal Mesenteric Eggs in tissue = CNS damage, Penetrate
biopsy, Venules, Hepatosplenomegaly, Portal HTN, Skin thru Mindanao,
Platy- in copula, males have COPT test, SI, heart, Ascites; mucus/blood in feces, Infected Visayas
gynecophoric canals Oncomelania
helminthes ELISA Spleen, CNS  liver enzy,serum alb, glob(prot) water
Quadrasi,
lateral knob Formosa
(smallest)
Schistosoma Like Schistosoma Mansoni in terms of life cycle, pathology and clinical features
Intercalatum Intermediate host – Biomphalaria snail
Schistosoma Lide Schistosoma Japonicum in terms of life cycle, pathology and clinical features
Mekongi Intermediate host – Lithoglyphopsis aperta
Fasciola Sheep Metacercari Unembryo Bile duct of Snails- Aquatic Halzoun – ingestion Ingestion of Cosmo Bithionol
Hepatica Liver a ova in feces, Sheep Lymnea vegetation Raw sheep, goat livers Infected
Fluke Encysted duodenal Philippinensis, (dyspnea, deafness, Vegetation; In sheep
Fasciolidae On aquatic aspirates Herbivore Lymnea asphyxiation, death) Infected Raising
“popping leaf S, w/ shoulders cephalic cone, vegetation animals swinhoe (TAI) fibrotic vs. traumatic/ Liver (false) countries
operculum” spinous, dendritic testes (sporocyst- necrotic lesions; obs;
redia-cercaria) False vs true (no eggs)
Fasciola Giant Larger than Metacercari Unembryo Giant Snail Aquatic Ingestion of Most Bithionol
Gigantica Liver F. hepatica a ova Animals- vegetation Infected Probably
Fluke Encysted Cattle Vegetation
Fasciolidae On aquatic Biliary tract Africa,
no shoulders
vegetation (BT) Asia
Clonorchis Chines branched Metacercari Embryo ova Man Operculate Fresh water Cholangiocarcinoma of Ingestion of Rare Chloroquine
Sinensis e testes; a In feces Snails Fish (FWF) : liver, liver function Uncooked Diphosphate
Liver spatulate Encysted or Biliary BT (Alocinma, Cyprinidae, Impaired but SGPT and fish CHI, JPN,
Opistorchida Fluke On Fresh duodenal Parafossarulus Ctenopha- SGOT are normal SK, Praziquantel
e Water fish aspiratesBDA , ryngodon Vietnam
Bithynia)
Opistorchis Cat lancet S Metacercari Embryo ova Small Snails - FWF Periportal fibrosis, Ingestion of Nope Praziquantel
Felineus Liver reddish- a In feces Animals- Bithynia Cyprinus Invasion of pancreas, Infective
Fluke bile Encysted or BDA Cats, dogs, Funiculate Carpio Form bile stones fish USSR,
Opistorchida color On fresh etc (BT SI) (Taiwan) poland
e Water fish
Opistorchis Metacercari Embryo ova Civet cat, Snails - FWF Hyperplastic biliary Ingestion of Nope Praziquantel
Viverrini a In feces Dog, fish- Bithynia Punteus Epithelium (Stim by Infective
Or BDA eating Goniomphalus, Orphoides, Nitrosamines); assos. fish Thailand
Opistorchida knob at Funiculate, Hampala w/ cholangiocarcinoma Udorn
lobed testes like O. felineus
e abopercular end laevis dispar
Dicrocoelium Lancet 2 large testes Metacercari Embryo ova sheep Snails- Abida, Formica Same as F. hepatica Ingestion of Wala Praziquantel
Dendriticum fluke lancet, flat, a Cochilcopa, Fusca (ants) ants siguro
deep transparent, w/ fully dev Helicella, Zeb Portal cirrhosis,
Dicrocoellida golden-brown aspiny miracidium Periductal fibrosis
e

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Paragonimus Oriental branched Metacercaria Unembryo Encapsulated Snail - Crabs – Granulomatous Ingestion Yes Praziquantel
Westermani Lung testes side In crustacean eggs in feces in Miracidia (M) rxn in lungs; Of Infected
Fluke by side; or sputum Parenchyma of Cercaria (C) Sundathelphusa rust- crustaceans Asia Bithionol
coffee Cercaria w/ lung; in fibrotic Antemelania Philippina colored sputum,
operculum at bean; spines complement capsules Asperta; w/ Foul fish Odor Triclabendazole
broad end, integument fixation Antemelania C  meta-C
thick aboper w/ spines Reservoir – Dactylus Misdiagnosed
Cats & dogs For PTB
Fasciolopsis Metacercaria Unmebryo Duodenum of Snails – Aquatic Worms cause Ingestion Nope Praziquantel
Buski In water Eggs in feces Man or pigs MC Vegetation Traumatic, Of Infected
Plants C  meta-C Obstructive Water SEA,
Segmentina, Water caltrop, and toxic effects; Plants CHN,
indistinguish 2 dendritic testes MC are Hippeutis Water chestnut, ulceration and India,
from F. hep, in tandem Sensitive to Water morning  mucus prod. indonesia
F. gigantica Dryness Glory, lotus
Heterophyes Metacercaria Unembryo Small Snails : Many fish in the Inflamm, Ingestion Yes Praziquantel
Heterophyes In fish Eggs in stool Intestines Freshwater, Phil. (30 Sloughing off of MC
Using Brackish or Species); in Of layers, xs Encysted in EGY,
H. Miracidium Kato-Katz Reservoir – Marine muscles at base Mucus prod fish Greece,
hard to distinguish adults; present in method Fish eating of the fin CHN, JPN,
Metagonimu scale-like spines, w/ The egg once mammals MC Misdiagnosed KOR, TWN,
s genital sucker, globular Deposited by C  meta-C For acid Phil
yokogawai M.
testes adult Peptic ds
eggs no aboper
(APD), consistent
protub; same
w/ PUD
Echinostoma Metacercaria Unembryo Small Snails: Snails: Inflamm, Ingestion Of course Praziquantel
Ilocanum Eggs in Intestines -Gyralus -Pila luzonica Ulceration, Of encysted
No sporocyst feces Convexlusculus “kuhol” and Diarrhea, MC in snails N. Luzon,
oral sucker with collar of stage Reservoir- -Hippeutis -Vivipara intoxiacation Samar,
indisting.from spines; 2 lobed testes in rats Umbilicalis Angularis“suso” Leyte,
fasciolas tandem, reddish-grey MC C  meta-C Mindanao
Taenia Pork Cysticercous Ripe or gravid Small intestines Hogs, wild Inflamm, Ingestestion yes Praziquantel
Solium Tapewor Cellulosae Proglottid of man Boars, sheep, Eosinophilia, Of inadeq.
m Deer, dogs, leukopenia Cooked cosmo
formaldehyde cysticercosis Monkeys, rats, Pork
soln in muscles cats Dev Cisticercosis
(ingestion of Accidental
rostellum w/ hooks eggs  eggs), larva in Ingestion of
4 suckers; ripe proglottid Scolex after cysticercous brain, muscle, eggs
eggs – cause
<13 lateral branches; 3m therapy cellulosae eye
cysticercosis
Taenia Beef Cysticercous Ripe or gravid Man SI Cattle, llama, Epigastric Ingestion Niclosamide
Saginata tapeworm bovis Proglottid (accidental) Giraffe, Pain, vertigo, Of cysts in -damage to
Carabao Nervousness, beef point of
Longest Scolex after eosinophilia dissolution
Tapeworm therapy eggs 
indistinguish
from each cysticercous
no rostellum, hooklets
other and from bovis
ripe >15 branches; 5m;
E. granulosus; tree-like dicho branching
Echinococcus Parasite hexacanth (6 Eggs – man x-ray to SI of Dog Sheep, man Obstruction – FOR rare Sugery
Granulosus Of dog hooklets); Hydatid sand detect -Cysts Ingested (accidental, Growing cysts; Prev spillage of
smallest radially hydatid ds; and Release intermediate– Anaphylactic Ingestion eggs)
Tapeworm striated shell immunologic scolices in liver and Shock when Of eggs in
In man one long gravid proglottid dogs tests lungs) Cyst ruptures feces Albendazole

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Diphyllobothriu Fish/ Plerocercoid Operculated SI in man copepods (fish) Anemia (misdiag Ingestion Rare Praziquantel
m Broad Larva Eggs; (Cyclops & perch, trout, for pernicious
Latum t-worm Encyted Proglottids Reservoir Diaptomus) salmon, type Vit B12 def); Only
In fish Host: Dogs, pike hyperchromic 7 cases
yellow-brown Kato tech cats,Bears megaloblastic;
knob like ProC  examine for HCl temperate
thickening spatulate, rosette uterus
2 bothria = sucking Paratenic Coracidia (CO)  PleroC in gastric juice zone
grooves host: Procercoid (+ infection)
Carnivore fish (ProC)
Dipylidium Dog Cysticercoid Gravid SI of dog or cat Ctenocephalides Minimal Ingestion yup Praziquantel
Caninum T-worm Larva in Proglottids canis (dog flea) symptoms
Arthropod That are
Double Host when passed Ctenocephalides
Pored egg packets ingested out/ Crawl out, felis (cat flea)
T-worm (8-15 eggs) Egg packets,
oncosphere w/ retractile, conical scolex; Melon-shaped Pulex irritans
6 hooklets rose-thorn shape hooklets Proglottids in (human flea)
mature proglottid – Chains
with 2 lateral genital pores (Not stool bec Trichodectes
proGlot disint canis (dog louse)
in environment
Hymenolepsis Dwarf Embryo Embryo SI of man Insects, rice Enteritis due to FOR yup Praziquantel
Nana t-worm Eggs in Eggs in feces And flour beetles Necrosis and
Contam food Desquamation Auto
and Water Proglottids not Of intestinal Infection
Recovered bec Epithelial cells
with filaments Cyticerci - They
like D. caninum scolex but Can complete degenerate Direct/indirect
with less hooklets; ripe Cycle in pathways
segment single
Host (autoinf)
Hymenolepsis Rat Cysticercoid Eggs in stool SI of man Fleas, beetles, Minimal and Ingestion yes Praziquantel
Diminuta T-worm Larvae in (more circular, cockroaches, Non-specific Of
insects larger, lack mealworms & Infected In rats
bipolar earwigs insects <8%
thickening vs
w/o filaments H. nana
gravid segment;
bile-stained;
rudimentary, unarmed
fan-like
rostellum
Sparganosis Spirometra Plerocercoid White larvae Adult – Cyclops, Frogs, Painful edema Ingestion Not sure surgical
In toads, In lesion Intestines of copepods Snakes, Due to migrating Of
Mansoni, frogs, snakes, Cat/man Toads, rats Larvae Infected
Erinacei, interM
Ranarum paratenic Larvae – Eosinophilia, hosts
hosts - pigs any part, eye, Edema and
subQT, erythema
mistaken for D. latum;
muscles
pseudosegmentation w/
slit-like invagination

INT 2ND INT

PARASITE A.K.A. CYST TROPHOZOITE INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOS HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
T
Entamoeba Ameba Qudri cysts -Trophozoites Large Flasklike Primary ulcer; Ingestion Yes Supportive,
Histolytica In liquid stools Intestines Of Chemotherapy
-Cysts in (cecal Histo changes: Infective Most
Formed stools and Histolysis, Thrombosis, cysts Commo Asympto –
active, progressive, sigmoido- Petechiae, Round n Diiodohydroxyquin
greenish-yellow Culture, serology rectal) Cell Infiltration, Necrosis Are
directional;
quadrinucleate, to detect invasive Asympto Mod severe
pseudopod PSD:
thick, rodlike Amebiasis (IHAT) liver in Bacilliary vs carriers Metronidazole
finger-shape,
chromatoidal bodies extraint Amebic dysentery
hyaline; w/
CB, central karyosome ELISA most amebiasis Severe – D + M
ingested RBC
(K), w/ chromatin dots Sensitive indicator Hepatic – M + emetine
Naegleria No cyst only Trophozoite Trophozoites Brain Meningoencephalitis EntersThru rare Amphotericin
fowleri Flagellated form In CSF and tissue Severe frontal Nose
Headache,Blocked nose, all types Amp + miconazole and
Altered taste and smell Penetrate of soil rifampicin
Flagellate form in
Cribriform Plate
slug-like; CSF
Kernig’s sign; Leukocytosis
Large, usually Central K PSD: blunt; w/  neuts,  prot,  glu Multiply in
brain
Acanthamoeb trophozoite Cysts and Trophs CNS Amebic Encephalitis Thru Rare Propamidine,
a inTissue cornea (immunocompromised) Lower respi Miconazole, neomycin
Tract or All types
Giemsa or PAS of Amebic Keratitis Thru ulcerated, Of soil Corneal grafting
large central K; sluggish; PSD: spine-like Scrapings or (assoc w/ use of Broken skin
double cell wall No peripheral chrom Cornial biopsy contam contact lenses)
Entamoeba
coli

yellow-brown; 1-8
sluggish, rarely prog
 nuclei, K eccentric; and dir; PSD: short,
CB : splinter-like blunt; Bacteria/
debris Inclusions
Entamoeba Mod active, prog
Gingivalis PSD : blunt, hyalin
Endolimax
nana

pale green;
1-4 nuc; K irreg sluggish prog;
CB : bacilliform PSD:blunt
/hyaline; K – L, cent
Iodamoeba
butschlii

1 nuc
yellow green; K surr slug, prog;
w/ granules; endosome PSD : Blunt/Hyaline
Entamoeba
hartmanii

1-4 nuc;
K small/Central; non prog;
Diffuse glyco mass PSD : fingerlike

INT 2ND INT

A.K.A. CYST TROPHOZOITE INFECTIV DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
PARASITE E
Balantidium cyst DFS of SI Ulcer w/ rounded FOR Siguro Tetracycline
Coli Troph and Cysts  Base and wide
Cysts in Troph Neck (vs flask shape) Ingestion of Uncommon Metronidazole
Largest Feces Contam Food In Temperate;
prot parasite cytostome; cytopyge; LI (cecal Diarrhea and Dysenter And water Assoc w/ Iodoquinol
bean-shaped nuc
Only ciliate Sigmoidoscop area) troph (indisting. from Amebic) Pigs in tropics
y
Giardia “gay Quadri DFS Cysts and SI Villus flat and crypt FOR siguro Oral
Lamblia bowel cysts Trophs Duo, jeju, Hypertrophy;electrolytes, Metronidazole
syn” upper il glu, fluid abs, Outbreaks
Biopsy,  disacchs; diarrhea Are water- Tinidazole
young – 2 nuc; Entero-test, Attaches most common symptom borne Furozolidone
mature – 4 nuc; pyriform/tear-drop; IF and antigen To int villi (89%); spont recovery in Quinacrine
flagella retracted bi-symm; erratic detection Via adhes 6 wks; chronic – steato, paromomycin
into axonemes tumbling motion; 8 flag Disc on ven diarr altern w/ constip
Trichomonas No cyst stage Troph Trophozoites Female – -Vaginal discharge – Sexual Yes Oral
vaginalis In urine, Vaginal epi Liquid, green to yellow, intercourse Metronidazole
Urethral sec, Irritating Hostpitality
Vaginal sec, Male – -Speculum – Strawberry Passed thru Girls – 24% Acid douches
pyriform; jerky Cervical sec, Urethra, Cervix (diagnostic) Birth canal
movements; 4 free Semen, Epididymis, -Vaginitis; urethritis Other groups
flag +1 undulating; axos Prostatic sec Prostate g - 3-8%
Dientamoeb No known cystic Troph Binucleate In lumen -Increase excess mucus Co-infection Siguro Iodoquinol
a stage Trophs in fresh Of LI -Hypermotility of the bowel With
Frgilis Stool samples E. vermicularis …as long as Tetracycline
-Colicky ab pain; anal may infection
Pruritis; Peripheral w/ E. vermic Metronidazole
rosette-shaped nuclei; eosinophilia -in pre-
no peri chromatin; K schools
w/ 4-6 granules; no flag -Mimics IBS (irrit bow syn) in Germany,
 Israel, Holland
Leishmania Old w/ ovoid or Pro M in skin tissue Lives Sand fly Cutaneous leishmaniasis Bite of Wala Antimony
Tropica World rounded bodies biopsy Intracellular Pheobotomu Sandly vector Compounds
Cut In s Lesions resembling Africa, India
Leish Macrophages Spp Lepromatous leprosy South amercia
promastigote PMS and Second line
Leishmania 1 free flagella Bone marrow, Endothelial Visceral Leishmaniasis or Drugs:
Donovani arising from kinetoplast Spleen or Cells A-Mast  Kala-azar Amp B,
Lymph nodes Pro M in Pentamidine
Pro M  gut of fly Splenomegaly, presence of (Kala-azar),
A-Mast Parasites in RE cells; Metronidazole
amastigote
Nifurtimox
Leishmania New Mucocutaneous or
Braziliensis World American Leishmaniasis
Cut Serology –
Leish For supportive Tapir nose
diagnosis Erosion of pinna of forest
amastigote workers
Trichomonas Smaller and longer Troph swabbing Oral cavity Droplets, yes
Tenax than -tartar kissing
T. vaginalis
Chilomastix cysts Cysts in Cecal region FOR Rare
Mesnili Semi-formed Of LI
Stools; <1%
knob- Trophs in
like prod, LemonS Liquid stools
spiral forW;
3 antflag + 1

INT 2ND INT

PARASITE A.K.A. CYST TROPHOZOITE INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Trypanosoma West Trypomastigote T-mastigote Parasite in In blood, Tsetse Fly Local Infiltration from Bite of NO Supportive
Gambiense African Blood tissues Lymph and Reservor bite area to lymph and Vector
Sleepng Or CSF CSF Host: CNS West and Pentamidine
Sicknes Domestic Congenital Central Suramin
Serology for Animals -Chronic inflammation Transmission Africa Melarsopenol
Large scale Of lymphatics possible Tryparsamide
Trypanosoma East Tsetse Fly NO
Screening -Atrophy of dendrons Melarsen
Rhodesiense African Reservor Of ganglion cells
Sleepng Host: Game Uh..east
ELISA, IF -Winterbottom’s sign,
Sicknes animals Africa? 
Kerandels sign
Trypanosoma Chaga’s Epimastigote Trypomastigote T-mastigote Blood smear Histiocytes Reduviids, -Engulfed by histocytes -Bite of Vector No 8-amino
Cruzi Disease RE cells Triatomid and invade adipose -feces quinolones
Serology –CF (adipose, Bugs tissue -transplacental  Income
Xenodiag myocardial, Reservoir: -inflamm response w/ -accidental Groups In Primaquine,
biopsy RE, Wild fibrotic encapsulation ingestion Suburban Nifurtomax
Neuroglial) mammals = chagoma; Romana’s sign -blood trans rural (Bayer 2502)
Toxoplasma pseudocyst Serology – In SI of Mouse or Brain lesions; hepatitis; Ingestion, Yes Pyrimethamine
gondii and oocyst w/ IgM detection Cat (sexual Rat Chorioretinitis; Transplacenetal (Daraprim),
Sporozoites By ELISA; And asexual Lymphadenitis Cosmo Trisulfapyri-
(man) -Oocyst prod IFA for IgG Cycle); in Man, pigs, Midines; Preg – spiramycin,
(cat?
bradyzoite, cyst By sexual And IgM; PCR Tissues in Sheep, 2 types of postnatal ds Many are Clinamycin;
) Cycle in cat; Of Toxo DNA Asexual cycle Accidental 1) mild lymphatic (lide Chronic AIDS –
male and female Pseudocysts- Intermediate infectious Mononucleosis) Ill but are Atovaquone
gametocytes asexual Definitive – hosts 2) acute fulminating asympto
CAT
Isospora Schizont, gametes Mature oocyst Immature SI of man Malabsorption syndrome; FOR Not sure Pyrimethamine
Belli Inside host w/ Cysts in feces Shortened villi, hyper-
sporozoites -Oocysts/ Definitive – Trophied crypts, infilt Sulfadiazide or
Sprorcysts in MAN Of lamina propria, w/ Trimetroprim
immature cyst dudenum Eosins, polys, rounded cells
Pneumocystis Surgical open interstitial pneumonia; Droplets, Yes Bactrim
Carinii Lung biopsy; fatal pneumonia in infants; Close contact
BronchoAlLav; hypogammaglobulinemia, cosmo
Bronchoscopy; leukemia, Hodgkin’s, etc
cysts Methenamine -lungs are gray and airless;
Silver stain death due to asphyxia
GAMETE SCHIZONT TROPHOZOITE
Plasmodium Mosquito – Peripheral RBC (Man) Anopheles -Tissue anoxia – basic pathophysio Bite of female Yes Vivax and Ova –
Falciparum Gametocytes; Blood smears Vivax – young Flavirostris change in malaria Mosquito Chloroquine +
Man – -thick Malariae – old Minimus -4 mechanisms leading to tissue Malaria Primaquine
Sporozoites -thin Falciparum – anox: Passage of Free
Plasmodium all 1. anemia-hemolysis 2. changes in Blood w/ areas Falci and Mal
Vivax Hypnoxoite – QBC, Para Anopheles blood flow 3. changes in capillary Erythrocytic -manila -Chloroquine
Latent stage, sight F test Mosquito : -litoralis endothelium 4. histotoxic shock Parasite by: -aklan
Cause relapse (dipstick test), 1)Stomach – - -parasite virulence factors: -blood trans -capiz Chloroquine
Plasmodium IFA Gamete form, balabacensis 1. multiplication capacity 2. red cell -contam -guimara Resistant –
Malariae Sporogany – 2)Stomach -mangyanus selectivity 3. cytoadherence and syringe -siquijor Falc
Mosquito LC; wall – oocyst -maculates resetting ability 4. potential to -neonatal -biliran
Schizogony – and induce cytokine release 5. -congenital -iloilo
Plasmodium Human LC sporozoite antigenicity -leyte N
Ovale - exoerythro release 6. antimalarial drug resistance -leyte S
(merozoites) 3)salivary -N Samar
- erythro glands - sporo Blackwater fever, liver dys, hypogly, -Camiquin
(gametocytes) Acidosis, GI dys, placenta dys, pulmo -Cebu
edema, renal failure, coagulo and -Catand.
thrombocyto, coma