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'!L~tp.~~ ~L!ii0i't...v Um!9..$LiJj', .2...,@~ru,Y9~~J1GiJ' ~~Jif' ",~-mu~ {]umru ur<ij' !!..GiJ)!!l §~~LLJ'U.:lW dLW Gl~rQ,rtn. ... <'full .. ?J;JD fD .;:u rr&;) GlI ,tjl!ru:f,5J a:,,*~IM=Q[.w Q'.!TI[ill,ti'(o'l.ajUL...L£!iI' ~~roI@6i'T~fo: ~hil g;~Gb1.5 QGil1uuGhil&lUl~dtJ"m I01mu.rr®rn ~ru01iU~~a"" {Malter and Energy) @"~lU u@w GlUJ1@i ~ ill, a::4fiJ !tIm ~till!j:@:lu~ ~tD QUf1@dr .!J'd;~ii..Irr81,¥!D MjiIl Gll..1n<JjwmJ;GlJw WJJ"~d;&!41L19 .. ,~"cil!fJ ,:L mr QH.ll u5l ml>illrqlb Gl·Qj ~l!D u Qi'li;jl~rHt" &lti ~I'lci~i>@! $!I til ti1ciJ"1/mr~w'rJ . .Nr~l§J 5ff.tf,) (if~'"'4W Sj;JGUw Q,@jTQjLilGlJ@j,,i,g;UULr$l .JJi!;.® JiJ GlI Wl19>~UJ., mQJLb(uj;~ !ufT~ml W~l!l'~G1ffm.lb UllTlVlDW6il:IL Rl(D_gjJ .sTQT~W8in..~U.Ul.'::"'L4I. (Theory of Unity)

29

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30

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31

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37

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38

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39

.. FF 8' (J <m -=?b L Q) ",00 W fl> m 6lJ UJ tt fi) <m tt ill a; tt fiffi ~ 6lJ fi) 6lJ rr ~QJrn -=?bf!)J(!pa;j, fl>rnmwUJrr~ ~¢1 !6 - (Ju~~ -=?bffiJa;QJrn u{1(Q)<mrr(El(Jufl>a;W~6lJrn ••. w~u5lmLu; a;filITQJ@w fil!Dw (JurrQ,'

Matangaparameshwaragama; Vidyapada

Edited by. N.R. Bhart, French Institute, Indology, pondicheri, 1961.

fiTillu~ ~j,fil@uurrLQ)rrf!!jw. UJrr!:Jluurrromu; a;6lJrr9:8'rr{1w •• a; rE fl> Lf {1 rrrom a; 6lJ tt. 9:8'rr {1 W " et rn!D tt IT u fiffi Lq..fl> W ~ UJ QJ ITa; GYr. a; rEfl> Lf {1rr rom j, fil !D f!!j W m8'QJ ~ j,fl> rrrEfl>j, fil !D (!!j (!p GYr6rr fiI f!)J u;a; u: tt <m fiI m rom U Lf j, fl> tr rn ~ j, fl> ma; UJ ~ !D u t.51 !D f!!j ~ IT a; tt (1 rom(Q) u: rn u ~ fiI j, fl> rr!D Lf 6lJ <m tt a;rrw!Du(Jurra;rr~.

The Rouravagama,

Vidya and Kiriyapada with English noteEdited by : N.R. Bhart, French Institute, Indology, pondicheri, 1961.

1Lc!F1TQ]/ W !§/T"'8iQr

~QJ8rr<m (Jurrfl>w., ~QJ8rr<m <FrGllrrtiJ1a;m ~!Df!)Jm{1, -=?bf!)J (!p a; II> tteu 6lJ IT u fil U Lf , (Q) 8'rn m<m, 8'ITQJfl>rrrfi QJ@LW

~QJ8rr<m~j,filUJrrlT., fil@ruJ6rrffiJa;w. (!p" LJj,~m{1, Bin. L... (El !D QJ j, fl> tiJ1 fP !Pff!D u fil U Lf u; a;!:Jla;w, UJrrfPuurrromw, 1971

~QJut.51{1a;rr8'w., fil@ruJ6rrffiJa;w. (!p., Lfj,~m{1, Bin. L... (El !D QJ j, fl> tiJ1 fP !Pff!D u fil u LJ 8; a;!:Jla;w, UJrrfPuurrromw, 1974.

~QJ8rr<m u.msnuuuib., ~QJ8rr<m(!p~QJ ti , m8'QJ~j, fl>rrri fl> !Pff!D u fil U Lf8; a; !:Jla;w , (Q)8'rnm<m, 1968.

~rEfl>rrrEfl>.j (Q)8'c!:pwLfmfl>UJ~., a;rEmfl>UJrr. c!:p., FF!:Jlj,~ ~j,fl>rrrEfl> ruJj,UJrr t.JLW, UJrrfPuurrromw.

~j,fl>rrrEfl>j, (Q)fl>6I11ruJUJ~., ~®romrru~aru<Oi.J (lJJfhdlUlfTfT., 6T6liJ. fl>@WLf{1 -=?bf'b<mw, 1968.

Mirugendragama, (Vidya and Yogapada),

Sivagama siddhantaparipalana sangam, Devakottai, 1928.

Meta phisis of saivasiddhanta, K. Subramaniyapillai, Madras, 1965.

fil(l!jQJ@L...uUJrn., fil@wrEfil{1w.,

~QJurrfl>8"rrEfl>{1<mrrlT !Lm{1 fil@uu<mrEfl>rrrn a;rr~wL (Q)QJ6I11 til(El, If! mQJ(!!jfiffiLw, 1968.

~@6rrwu6lJQJ<mrrlT !Lm{1.

L rr8; LIT. (!!jwrr{18'rrtiJ1 (!pfl>~UJrrlT. Lrr8;LIT. II>L{1rrt!?rn,

8' fiffi (!p a;8"r rE fl> {1 (!p {!j 6I5J UJ tt IT ({!j tiJ1 tfi~) (Q)8'wm<m, 1981

fil (I!j QJ rr 8'a; W. , ~j,fl>w@j,~QJ W., !LL!D{!jj,~QJ W., (Q)u6rr~a;{1rra;ww. ,

40

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@Iill rjJ tfilm~ !L~r'r~~~ffi rulm6YT1ill tts: ~(!!jlillrn'lm Lfj,fj;lj,~j,~1ill L.Drr.g;j, Q~rrlflrjJu@t.D ~tfilrulrn'I~ @m!DUJ(!!j6YTrr~ 'ruIj,m~' fiT~UU@t.D alill~rr.g;LDffiJ.g;6'I1Im !L6ffimL.DuQurr(!!jm LfQ)UUL ~Ut.D L.51 0; (!!j t.D . ~ eu rjJ tfiI m ~ ruI j, fj;I UJ tt. ~ j, ~ eu t.D !L~"; j, fj;I {tl rjJ (!!j t.D {tl m ~ u5J rDiJ fi) Iillfhj,~ eu tb ~rn m ~ ~ tfiI rulO;.g; ~Ut.D L.510; (!!j t.D {tl m Q) U u rr@

50

(JUJrr.g;O;.g;rrL.fi)u5Jm uUJwurrLrr,u ~mLDUJw, ~f1)J~fj;l8;.g;rrL.fi)8;(!!j QJ IfIIill (f!j 0; (!!j W et ~ 8: m eeu fi) j, ~ tt J6 ~ tb Lf Q) U u@ j, ~ tb . fiT~(J eu (!puuj,fj;lUJrr!!)l ~j,~lillffiJ.g;~t.D ~rr~Q)Q) fiTrnU~m~ LfQ)8;.g;rrL.fi) .g;L~~ (JUJrr.g;8;.g;rrL...fi), ~.g;8;.g;rrL.fi), <§rr~8; .g;rrL.fi) e!:PQ)(JL.D !L~U (!pt.q..UJt.D fiTrnufPJ fi)j,~rr~~8; .g;rrL.fi)8; Q.g;rrmm.g;u5Im Jtlm~uurrLrr.g; @(!!juu~m~ "(!p.g;j,fj;lrDiJ .g;mrQ.g;rrmr@ .g;rroofi)rn!D e!:PL";.g;rrm ~.g;j,fj;l1DU .g;6ffiQa;rr6ffi@ .g;rr6ffiu(J~ ~~~~t.D" 61~j, fj;I(!!jL.D~fj;luw 8in.I)51UJfj;I~®~fPJ ~I)51UJ(!pt.q..UJt.D·

@~6"6l~ "!1§!1~O;.g;mr urrlF(!p~urru ufj;lu51m~ <§rr~li .g;6ffi~cD fi)~m~ {9rrLq.." fiT~~ fi)1ill<§rr~(Jurr~(!pt.D ~!!)lfj;lu5JL.@muj, ~~. ®rrtm8;e;rn.: ... 6hurre;u t.SlIT~@lUL._8'8;e;rrL._61 ~lUirJ5~ 6lJ6lTir8:61lU tmLff,~ LJ6\l8;e;rrL._61 LDtm!Dff,~ ~e;8;e;rrL._61 6lSlrfllLJt.O ~urr~ ~rrm ~mtmtmlLJt.O ~mtmtm ~~t.O uITt.OQurr®m6lTlLJt.O ~rfl618;e;QPLq-lLJt.O 61ffium~8: fi)j,~rr~~t.D ~~~ a;rrL.fi)O; Qa;rrmm.g;u L.51UL.Drr~j,fj;lffi r:!:PQ)L.Drr.g; ~~j,~UL.Drr.g; rul6YTffiJfi)UJm6YTQ~~Q)rrt.D. ~~~rr~ ~rrrn

"t!](JUJ@t.D ~rn!!)lt.D ~tfilliIffi!D fiTffim~ ~I)51UJrrfj;l(!!j~(J~ffi. ~(!!jm QlFt.U~rrrn {9~fj;I ~tfilfi)W!D {9rrm fiT~ ~1)51~~ Q.g;rr6ffi (JLm'

61 ~ j, fj;I (!!j e!:P ~,.; fi) Iill ~j,~ eu j, fj;I m ~ m!:p eu rru5J~ ~.g;8; .g; rrL.. fi) U L.51u L.Drr~t.D 61rnU~m~ Iill~UJ!!)lj,fj;I~rr";. ~~Q)rrlOU .g;rrL.fi)O;Q.g;rrmm.g; 61rnU~ L.51uj,fj;lUJL.lFj,~Lm (!pLq..Iill~Q)Q). ~fPJ ·~rfJlF~t.D' 61mum~ ~1)51~~ Q.g;rrmlill~rjJa;rr~ ~l)51ru1m ~Ut.DUt.D 61mum~ mlFlillfi)j, ~rr~~8; a;rrL..fi)O;Q.g;rrmm.g; Iillrru5J~rra; !L~U(!Pt.q..UJt.D·

1. fi)1ill<§rr~fi)j,fj;lUJrr";, fj;I®Q)).,,-ffiJ.g;w ... Lfj,~mu, ~"'-mlillu51~8;.g; ~t.D, urrLIOU 7.

2. Margret and James Stutaley, A Dictationary of Hinduism, United Kingdom, pp. 312 ... 332.

3. fi)1ill<§rr~fi)j,fj;lUJrr"; urrL~. ~"'-mlillu5J~O;.g;~t.D, urrL~ 9. u8;.20.

51

5. c!PI~LuUI[Ja;[JfiWw, filQJrra;w wfturrQ)m- IFT6Ja;w. (j!hQJ(ja;rrL -QlL 1927 uu(JwrrLIF [6J[Jrrqa;mftfO(J)a;. wi. 361 - 362.

7. (jw9JuUJ-, &(jr;;vrra;w 30 : 32, U8;. 368 - 70.

8. c!PI~LuUl[Ja;[JfiWw, filQJrra;w wfturrQ)m- IFT6Ja;W, (j!hQJ(ja;rrL QlL, (jurra;a;mftQla;, &(jQ)rr, 66. U8;. 178 - 179.

9. (jw9JuuJ-, &(jr;;vrr, 34, U8;. 161.

11. (jurra;a;mftfO(J)a;, &(jQ)rr, 92 @' U8;. 196.

13. (jurra;a;mftfO(J)a;, &(jQ)rr, 98 @' U8;. 199.

14. (jw9JuUJ-, U8;, 202.

52

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59

f;u;ilfJ)Iw @~fh ~11I-a;(!!jw 'Q~Q,~!D~tli1a.,w #/o;y, Q8'W U/!D o;fir'i)UlL-/W - Q8'ITQJ~!D LJfj)fhw!DI QfhITWQlw(}ILl,13 vrw!J) filQJ(9ITQT C:ulTfhQQJAlrUITQlQJ ~I1I-QILlIT!D¢I ~QlW!6fh{51 (}UITQ) @(!!jUU{5IW C:~ITMQ)ITW_ (}.utily>mT QU(!§WlTgJlW jl(!!jc!pQ)~ITILlQT!J{5I LJ!JlTfiWj, fj) QJ @U U I1I-ILl ITQT fil Q) fil ~ fh Ql QT 0; Ql fifT(y> dT m QJ j, {51 GU b'fTlT ri _ 14 (!!j~QJ(y>W fj)(!§W!6fj)!Jj,fj)1ioiJ fil!J)uulTa; ~U(}~fil8;o;UUL@WfifT{5I_ 'll'8'Arl1l-lLllTfi @fhlLlW a;Q)IiltilL (}~8'(y>W ~IT@W fil!J)u LJW ~y5I!6fj)@w- (2-534)' uj,fj)afI, uj,~fio;w ~j,{5IQJ (9lTaflo;W filj,~w a;Q)tiJu fi)QlfhQJo;w Q8'rUfhQJfi' vrw¢lw(;~TIT!JWQT #/QlQ)o;b'f5l~TlTIioiJ Qw.uSITAila;w, Qw.u 1Lll1l-ILlITfi O;W, ~ci8'lTrilLl #/¢ m~o;b'f5lQTlTwiJ ~Q)Iii)C:Q) !l Ql wo;Q,. IOlS1 QlfifTa., W et dT UfhQlQTa., W 8rL 111-8; 0; ITL Lj, fj)(!§w!ifj)!Jw fhQJgJIOlS1QJQlQ)-

fi)i>fhlT~fhW UQJ(;QJ!DIQJI1I-QJtiJa;fi'IiIQJ Ql8'QJfio;GU @Ql!J)QJQlQT QJAlTtiJlii)ArITSllW - ~QlQJ filQJQwgJlw Q8'wQUIT(!§fifTlTo;(}QJ ~QlW "Iw vrAr ~(!§ o;LQJL Qo;lTQ,.Qlo;I6IQlQTa.,w Q~b'f5lQJlTdfillLl{5l_ '1Ll1TGlfhlT(!§ QfhWQJW Qa;ITAlrU!.fi ~j, QfhrUQJWlTtillLllTtM(;o; WITQ~IT(!§ ulTa;ArITR- fhITWQJ(!§QJR-' vrwgJlw filj,fj)lLllTlflw a;(!!jj,{5I Q)/6U8;o;WITQT{5I

"vruulfI8'lTl6IgJlw fili>{5Itli1w fili>f6/tli1w ~uulfI~ ~(!!jw QUgJQ)~w" (ulTl6I!Jw 36)

filAr fj)(!§W~fj)!JWITArf6/ @fhQlAr ~wagJ QQJb'f5luu@i>fj)a.,WfifT{5I-

'~fiir!DI a;AIIlU!.R- ~Q)~dQo;lT(!§ QfhWQJW :L~@ a;~u!'R~rtiI(!§8;(!!jI6l!JITQJf6/ ~w!DI 0;~l1!_R- ~1ioiJ ~w8=filQJlTlLluu!::pw' (9-2962)'

filAr C:wSlIw ~(!§ o;LQJL Qa;ITGUQlo;l6Iw ~mjJulfllLlj,Qlfha.,w fj) (!§ W ~ fj) vi> fj) QJ 0; 1T(iIfIf1 (y> I1I-til w!J){5I- fil QJ dT ~ 161 rio; b'f5l1ioiJ ~ !6 fh ITILl IT tRlLllTa; ~QlgJUQJW vrwUfhQlQTa.,W '~LQ)lTrU :L16I!JlTrU ~Q)o;W~lTtil a;LQ)~ QU(!§QQJJi ~fiiaT(iIfIf1QJ #/wgJ~w' (2-413)' vrW!J)UITL~1ioiJ C:wSlIw IOlS1fifT8;Iii)IUf6/_

333 QlT.ua.,wa;di!wiJ 21 u(!!jfj)a;QlfifT a.,mLIU 3 W fh!6jl!JW (y>(!gQJ{5IW (;1U1T0; (y>QlgJQlwo;mfifTa.,w o;lTlLlfilj,fj) :LUlTlLltMa;mfifTa.,w ~LLWITfi)i>f6/do;QlfifTa.,w Q)/ulfld ~w u(!!jfj)ILlIT~W _ @ru ~w fi)i>fhlT!ifhw 8'1TR-U ITAr fi) !6fhQlQTo;QlfifT ~QJfhlTafl8;a;Q)lTw - filj,fh" o;w

60

~LwUlmQT(;1Ll ~QJlLlwlTo;d Qo;fTmr@ QJlP!u@w ~j,WfTrij,fh ~o;QJIP!UfT@o;GU @ru~ fil!J)uUldo;uu@fildT!J)rn. ~QJILl QJIP!UfTLmL vr@j,{5I8; s;".!J)lw jl(!!jc!pQ)tT ~fTW ~(!!j filj,~tT, filQJ(}lLlfTfiI vrmu~mQT w!J)8;o;Q)/Q)mQ). ~~QJfTQ) LJ!J)QJIP!UfTLmLQ)/L ~o; QJIP!UfTLmLa.,w ~o;j,fPTrUmLDl6lmrna.,w ~j,w filj,jluSimrna.,w vr@j,{5I8; s;".¢lQTfT/T_ '~LWLJ(}fifT ~j,~wm (}o;fTuSiwiJ Qo;fTmrLfTW (3-725) vrQTQjw 'ti1IgJlLWLJ ~Q)ILlW' vrrnQjw s;".!D1lLlfj;l!J)mrn ~!JfTa.,w (}UfT{5I QUfTrUlLlfTrn ~LWLJ QwrUu QUfT(!!jb'f5lm (}o;fTuSiQJfTo; @(!!ju~QTfT!D (}UfT~W ~LwUlmQT 'QLDrU' IiTw!J) ~(!!j QUlLlrfl~W filj,~fT!6~w ®!D1UUlLIJI..(!!jdo; (}QJmr@w. ~~rnfTwiJ ~LwUlmQT ~1P!1Ll Q)/LLfTQ) ~~fl)JGUl@Jm!J)a.,w ~uSi(!!jw UlrfI!6{51 Q)/@w - wm!J)!6{51 Q)/@w ~~w Ulw QwrU QUfT(!!jw ~fTLLj,m~a.,w ~!D1[E{5I QWrU(9fTQTW ~mQ)uuLQjw QJIP!ILl!D!J)lU (}UfTrUQ)/@w @~mrn8; ®¢l8;o;(}QJ

'~LWUlTtT ~lP!uSiw ~uSi!JfTtT ~IP!QJri fj;ILWUL QWrU(9fT QTW (;8'!JQjw WfTLLfTtT· '~LwUlmQT QJfifTtT8;~W :LUfTILlW ~!D1!6(}~ ~LwUlmQT QJ6Urij,(}~m ~uSiriQJfifTrij,(}~(}QT' (3-724)

vrrnj,fj)(!!jw[Ejl!JW ®¢luUlLL{5I_

@UUfTL";&m QUfT(!!jw ~uSitT ~1P!a.,w IiTrn #/mQ)ILl!D!J) Q~fT® QUfT(!!jm6Uj, ~(!!jQJ~fTo;Qjw filQJ lTWILlW Q)/WtTfil8;o;UU@QJ{5Imr@.15 a;LQjL Qo;fTGUma;uSimQT 67!Do;fT~ 8'LDlLlruo;GU s;".L QUfifTj,~w lTWfiWW (y>~,.;&ILlQTQjw mQJf6o; ~lf)lTQTtMo;l@Jw filQJQJfTQT 8'fTtMfilILlW, mQJ(}8'lJI..o;w (}QJ~fT!6~W (y>~,.;&1Ll ~j,{5IQJruo;GU s;".L ~j,LD~j,{5I QJj,m~ 67!D!J)lGUfifTQT. ~uulJI..uSi®do; ~uSiri #/mQ)ILl!D!J){5I IiTm!J) Qo;fTGUmo;l6ImQT filj,~ri o;GU (y>mmQJj, fj;I(!!ju U mi s ean vrm u{5I (}w~w fil!6~mrnd®1fI1Ll Q)/LILlLDfT®W. 67QrnaflwiJ jlLW UL QWrU(9fTrnw ~mL~!D® ~¢lQ)/Q) (y>@mw (}QJmr@w - @!6~ (y>@mLD #/mQJ(}1Ll (y>j,fj;I #/mQJ ~Q)QJ{5I Q)/@~mQ) vrQT8; o;(!!j~uu @w. @!6~ Q)/@~mQ)uulLl6mj,fj;lrjJ® ~LQ) ~fTm QJfTo;rnLDfT®W ~~rnfTQ) ~L,.;&mrn QJfifTtT8;~W o;fTlLlfilj,fj;I (y>m!J)a;mfifT ~!D1[E{5I ~~ @/TLfTo;(}QJ :LuSiri IiTmgJIw ~j,LD~{!;{5IQJj,m~ QJfifTtT{!;{5I (y>@mw ILlfT,4:.A:. {1jJ1JI..a.,w. @!6~ ~mrmwuSimQTj, jl®W[Efj)!Jw - '~LwUlmrn

61

eu 6'fT ti d (!!j W !L urr U1 W ~ 951 ti ~ !L L W t.51 ~ m- eu 6'fT Ii {i a f!J dr !L u5l Ii eu 6'fTrT {i af!J am-' 6T m- ~ af!J U IT L 6151 GiJ (!!j 951 U t.51 L.. (El8; a; IT L.. '-'I- U1 ~ . !L u5l rT ~ ySi U1:i f!J8;a; Glf!J miGiJ '§! a [1 U ITL6151 aQ) aU1 !Lu5l rT ~ ySilLf W 6Tm-Gl.f W, t.51m-mrT ~ySiU1lT~ !Lu5l~[1 ru6'fTrT8;@jW !LUITU1W ~951!Eaf!Jm- 6Tm-Gl.fW Oin.951u5l(f!ju UIT[11T 6Tdru~ 8'lti~da; arumr'-'l-U1 rulLU1LDIT(!!jW. GlU!TIU U11Tm- !LL~Q) ~ ySiU1ITLDGiJ U 1T~a;lTda; (Ijl'-'l-ILfW etea u eutt ~:iLD f!J:i~ru:i~f!J GlUITIU 6Tm-8; a;(f!j~ru~ a;'-'I-maLD. 8'lQ)(f!j8;@j @~ (Ijl[1~UITLITa;Gl.fW af!JlTrn!Dt;;l)ITW fi):if!JrT {tl~Q)U1~LU1ITf!J ru~[1u5lGiJ @da;(f!j{i~da;6Yr UQ) L.f~[1ITm- ~@lJd,~d@jL..UL..LrnrulTa;aru a;!TG;wuu(Elw. 6Tmaru @~ f!JmiU1lTa; ~[1ITU1UULarumr(ElW.

4 W f!Jti~[1w 530 UITLGiJa;@!jw 13 U@j~a;~6'fTILf(ljl~LU1~. aUlf/ rn U W 6Tm- U~ f!Jrn~ mu5l f:P:if!J GiJ ~1DiJQ)~ Gl U 1T(f!j~ 6'fTu5l f:P:if!J GiJ 6Tm-Uf!JITa; @UU@j~ rulUlf/8;(!!jW ~~~U (Ijlf!JGiJ !DrulT8;a;IfIa: ~8;a;[1W FF!DITa; ~d~f!J{i~ru{i~dr GlU(f!j~LDa;~6'fTILfW, rulrE~, LDIT~U1 (Ijl f!J 6151 U1 eu !D 951 m- @ U1 GiJ L.f a; ~ 6'fT ILf W , ~8;~ eu I:fi UIT L.. (El (Ijl ~!D a; ~ etr ILf W Oin.!f)l ruf!J~ m8; a; IT~ WI L:i~ !LQ)a; eu lTY>ru ITfil U1 LD IT~ U1 u5l~ m 8; a;L:if!J!D(!!j FF~mirn ~(f!jL..~8;~ - ~~~8;~u5lrn ~~~ @m-951U1~LD U11Tf!J~ 6TrnUf!J~ma: fi):if!JIT!Ef!J(IjlW L.fQ)uu(El:i~W. 'f!JITL~t;;l) aUITGiJ 0in.'-'I-U1 ~ruf!JlTmia;f:P1T aru!D951drud Oin.LaQ) aulflrnuw' 6TrnUf!J ~m:i ~(f!jru(f!jL.. UU1~mUaUITt;;l) - ~(f!jLD!E~[1(1jlw-rulm8;(!!jW '~[1 a;[1 6Tm t.51!DUU!f)lru~w, (4-916) ~r§Gl~@:if!JITGiJ UIT~W ~a;GiJru~w (4-919) '~ruamf!JlTam- U1lTfilU1 ~rEGl!D951' 6TdrU~ 'f!JlTmrumlTa; ~ruam-f!JlTamU1ITu5lL ~m- @[1mr'-'l-GiJ ~951rudr fi)rurn' (4-1011) 6Tm-Gl.f W fi){i f!JlTrE f!J~IT{i ~[1d aa;lTL.. U 1T(Ela;~m ~(f!jLDrE ~ [1(1jlW (i'((El:i~8;a;ITL.. (El filrn!D~.

a LD ~ W 8'l eu dr 6TrE f!J eu '-'I- eu ffiJ a;~ m !L Q) fil U16151 GiJ !L u5l rT a; GIiI rn FFaL!D!D:i@!Da;ITa; aLD!DGla;IT..rrrulTa[11T ~rurulTa!D ~f!J!D(!!jU GlUIT(f!j!Ef!J ~8;~ILfW .ru'-'l-rui!0a;~m aLD!D Gla;IT6Yr@!jf!JGiJ 'f!JdrmiQ)~LD LDrn@l u5l rT a; ..rr 9' IT [1 {i f!J (f!j W ~8; ~ t.51 dr m WI Q) IT dr' 6T m a: fi):i f!J IT rE f!J !§IT GiJ a;..rr @j951ut.51@w. @af!J a;(f!j{if!JITm-~ ~(f!jLDrE~[1{i~aQ) t.51drru(f!jLDIT!f)l 8;1T~uu(ElW.

62

"a;IT~W UQ)UQ) Glf!JtUrui!0a;6Yr - lJ~w UQ) UQ) GlulTdraulTQ):i af!JlTrn!f)lW, au~w fi)ru@lw t.51[1LD@lW LDITU1@lW - a;1T~w f!J~t;;l)rul !D!Da;IT[1~aU1"

6TrnU~ ~UUITLQ)IT@jW (4-1087) '6T:i~!DW FF~rn {tl!Durn - ~:i~!DW ~ru@!jw {tl!DUI.ir' (i'(rn!D fi):i~U1lTrT UITL~Q)ILfW @~ {tl~m~L..(Elw.

@~ru~[1 Oin.!DUUL..L fi)rEf!J~m-a;..rr ~~m:i~f!JlL(w fi)!DUUIT8; !L..rr6'fTL8;filU1 U@j~U1ITa; 5 W f!J!E~[1w ~~LDfilrn!D~. @~ ~~rufi):i f!J1T!Ef!J:i~m- ~LDU1U u(!!j~ 6TmGl.f W a;(f!jf!JQ)lTw. 154 UITLGiJa;GlilGiJ 20 !Lut.51If1Gl.fa;..rr ~~LD!E~..rrmm rulT~6'fT ~a;LD:i~f!J ~'-'I-UU~LU1ITa;8; Gla;lTmrLGlf!Jmi@lW Gl[16'fT[1rulTa;LD{i~dr r§lTmulTf!Ju GlulT(f!j~m '§!{if!Jf!JITa;aru a;1T~uu(Elfildr!D~. rul{iU1ITUITf!JW 6TdrU~ fi)ruu aU[1951rulU1~Q)aU1 rululfld(!!jw U@j~U1ITf!JQ)ITGiJ @[1mr(El ~a;LDU GlUIT(f!j@!jw '§!{i~(f!juu~roiJ rulU1Ut.51roiJ~t;;l). r§lTmUITf!JLDlTm~ fi):if!J 1T!Ef!J (Ijl '-'I- {tl ~ Q) !L mr ~ LD u5l ~ m 8; Oin.!f)l eu f!J m-ITGiJ ~ a; LD i!0 a; GIiI rn r§lTmulTf!Ju GlulT(f!jGlilrn ~1T[1LDITa; ~(f!jLD!E~[1U GlUIT(f!j@!jw 8'l:if!JIT!Ef!J ~1T6iu~[1i!0a;@!jw ~~LDrE~..rrmm- 6TdrUf!J~m @uu(!!j~ ueois u (El:i~fil!DGlf!Jm8; a;(f!jf!JQ)lTw.

~ (f!j LD rE ~ [1 {i ~ rn 5 (Ijlf!J IDiJ 9 f!J rE ~ [1i!0 a; GIiI ~ W 0in.!D U U L.. (El..rr m rul L U1 i!0a;~6'fT ~[1ITu5l rn @!E!DITm-(!!j f!J!E ~ [1i!0a;GIiI~ W ~~ru fi):if!J 1T!Ef!JW u!D951aU1 rullflrulTa; 6T(El:i~~[18;a;UUL..'-'I-(f!juuf!JITa;:i af!JlTrn!f)lfilm-!D~. 5 W f!J!E ~ [1 LD IT m ~ fi):i f!J 1T!Ef!J:i@rn (Ijlf!J!DOin.!D IT m ~ LD U1 W, eu IT Y> rul U1 GiJ 6T m- U m u!D [l5/1Lf W 8 W f!J rE ~ [1 LD IT m- ~ fi):if!J 1T!Ef!J:i ~ rn f!J{i~ eu 8;a;0in.!f)l a; ~6'fTILfW ~[1lTujruf!JlTm ~~@j(ljl~!D a;1T~uu(Elfilro!D~. ':W(f!jw !LQ)a;(Ijlw u~Ldfildr!D aU[1[l5/rulTmdr GlU(f!j~LD f!J1T[1~u5lroiJ !DITGiJ ru~a;a: ~~ruLDITa;' (5-1419) U[1rE~..rr6'fTGlf!Jm{i' ~(f!jLDrE ~[1d @j951uuITGiJ ~951U1Q)lTw. ~(f!j(y)t;;l)rT f!JLD~ a;1TQ){i~a: ~~ruut.51If1Gl.fa; 6'fT1Ta; 8i-{if!J~~ruw, ~8i-{if!J~~ruw, LDlTrTda; ~~ruw, a;(Elw 8i-{if!J ~~ru W, 6Tm- !D ITrn@j t.511f1 Gl.fa;~ 6'fT8; Oin.!f)l filrn!D ITrT. ~af!J~LD U1 W ~ ~ LD U1 U t.511f1 Gl.f a; ~ 6'fT ILf W Oin.!f)l fil dr !D IT ti . ~ mIT roiJ ~ ~ eu @ eu !D !f)l6Yr ~ Li!0 fil U1f!J IT a;Gl.f W 0in.!D U U L rul GiJ ~Q). a;1T[1~w fi) ru~ m ru I:fi U (El W UIT8i-Uf!Jw, LDlTrul[1f!Jw, s.trtstteotb , ruITLDW, ~U[1ruw t!]dfilU1 cu IT f!J ~~ru W U11TGl.f W fi):i f!J IT!E f!J !§IT 1DiJa; GIiI GiJ ~ a; u L.f !Da:~LD U1 U t.511f1 Gl.f a;

63

WITS;8; S;®{bUu@fi)~!Dru.16 c!){j,~L~ 611OU~1T IOlJms;UJlTru UllOlJmru lOlJyS1u@ill L51tf1Q[s;mwUJw Ulj,{bIT!E{bw c!){s;w, c!){s;u4!Dw, 4!DW, 4!Du4!D8= 8'wUJffiIs;wlTs; !!,IT~® L51tf1Q[s;ofi)lOU c!){L8;filUJ~. @lOlJiJ!!JIW c!){LffiIS;lT{b Gl1[Jm8'lOlJw, S;1T~wflm8'lOlJw 61~UruQ[W !LWGTTru.

@{b~ roItf1Q[s;mGTTj, ~®W!E~[Jj,~1OU S;IT~ <!:PIJI-UJIT roIL.LIT~w filj,{bIT!Efl> m8'lOlJw !!,IT~® !CIm~S;L.®L.UL.L{bITS; 8in.!Duu@fi)~!Dfl>1T 61~!D fil!Efl>mruUJw @QjrolLj,~1OU 61@fi)~!D~. 6JQro6d)Q) 5 W fl>!E~[Jj,~r;;V 4!D8=8'wUJ ~6l!ft~W, !LL.8'wU-fW 61~!D u®~s;i'ir fl>6d)UJITS; @LW QuiJ!!JIWGTTru. 4!D8=8'wUJ fil!E{bmruuJI(]~

• '~UJj,~w !CI~!D ~!!JI 8'wUJffiIs;@jw - S;ITUJj,~w !CI~!D s;LQ[mGTT8;S;mrlJl-~tT, WITUJ8; ®yS1uJ1lOU roI@lOlJtT UIT8'j,~1OU um{b8;fi)~!DlTtT" (5-1530)

61ru8= 8'1T@fi)~!DlTtT. @ffiI® 4!D8= 8'wUJw 61~U~ (]1OlJ{bffiIs;mGTT OJ tjJ !!JI ill fil IOlJ ITS; W ru S; m GTT 6J tjJ S; IT {b L51 tfI Q[ S; GTT IT ® W . c!){ {b ru IT Q) !L L. 8' W UJ ill 61 ru j, ~ ® W!E ~ [J W 8in.!!JIIOlJ~ c!){ S;8=8'W UJ W 61ru 8; 8in.!!JI W U IT L IT ~ IOlJ IT {b (] U {b IOlJ IT {b, fil IOlJ 8' W IOlJ IT {b fil IOlJ 8' ffiI fi) [J IT!E {b IOlJ IT {b, roI S; IT[J 1OlJ1T{b m8'QJu L51tf1Q[S;GTTITS; @®8;S;~ITW. 20 W u®jlUJlTru :LL.8'wUJu L51tf1ro1(]~

"f§l~!D~ (]ue!!jtT, 1OlJyS1 ~{biJ® ~GTT ... @®<!:p8=8'wUJ<!:pw !!'~!DI~ [i~~ 61~!!JIm[JUJITGTTIi - ®~!!JI ®m[Jj,Q{b@ !!,lTmUJ f§lj,fl>lTtTS;W" (5-1558)

61~!!JI 8in.!!JItfjlLj,~ 1OlJyS1 f§l~!!JI 8'8=8'[JQ[ (]1OlJ~LITW 61ruQ[W c!){!DI Q[ m [J 8in. !D j, {b IOlJ !D roI Q) m ~ • f§l (] [J <!:P IJI- U IT ru fil j, {b IT!E {b 8' ~ W IT Ii S; j, ~ tjJ ® 8= • m 8' IOlJ 8' W UJ j, {b 6d) !!' IT UJ S; ~ !!' !E jl !L fit UJ IOlJ ® j, {b IOlJ yS1 ®®Q!!'!DI f§l~!!JImr@ Q{bfitlOlJ8= filIOlJQ!!'!DI8= 8'~WlTtTS;W (5-1567)' 61ru <!:P IJI- m U UJ ill c!){~ 8in.!DI uJI (!!j8; fi) ~!D~ •

@lOlJiJ!DI~®!E~ filj,{bIT!E{b m8'1OlJ !CIm~uulT@ !!,IT~® 61~U{b m ru j, ~ (!!j W !E ~ [J ill !L ~ ti j, ~ 1OlJ~ L ~ c!){ IOlJ tjJ !DI <Dir IOlJ yS1 <!:P m!D (] IOlJ !!JI U IJI- @I ill <!:P IJI- !CI m ~ fil j, {b IT !E {b 8' <Dir W IT Ii S; ill 61 <Dir U {b m ru s;@illsrj,{b m8'1OlJ !CIm~uJI(]~ (5-1438) 'mlOlJj,~ lOlJiJ4!!J1j,~UJWGTT~. {b 6d) j, {b 6d) @1OlJ iJ!DI mru c!){ IOlJ {b IT 6d) j,{b ITIOU srj,{b m8'1OlJ [J ITIOlJ {b iJ ®,

64

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70

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(8-2364)

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71

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72

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low Ibtfl.~ @d iili;{!l ri',g;iiir, <M~rn~ &l1~lj}fJflU:iJ ~/®..a, Q.!fG.iT6Wl m, 19&,

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U$; 231 - .234

~8 QJ8 U) III GlHilTr1 j fi], LJ mfl ¢l G.fI GU' ruJ f;' • Q a: ~1 m m, 1972, wi; ; 57

G<lu:/bU.fIfJui Ur1)IU&1W mn iJ'QJ iii ffi.l[, u!li ~ IT~ {Ii <!;p W , Y!f Gi(I{f,ja;11 U1~GirLuQU.

I.IJi&mfl. 1.992, UB; z 7 ·8

{Eo dJi,/:p ~ CRMi; ~ ruJ GU!rQJ 1T!1lI" .@a~l-ffW UIT9iUJ, ~~ jfl,iiJ'!JjII!9 Ufi}lLH.-I8; ,!J;fjl s: t.n" Qil'rnG5lQ7, 1!.l4!l, us: 29\9

Collecled Lectu res .Q,n Saivasldd hanta 1963 - 1973,; An na rna I ~ il University, 1978, P_ 308

b7~T:U UITL.@liG g;lTItl'UHr~l (h·(i:jJtrill,g;fiir ~i>iT .PlMJ.iuQ1'8lTm~,;Miff> li7@i;~.$",,",¢J {/Wt1..JI'iltt.rnlilluplJ ,g;L.[.~ 9¥...m-w G[9!UC]:w ~l<1Qj~~dJ !L!U r:f ~/il r.w diJ U.I UJ ff,YJ.i> 8.: (!§jI @],flrT_ ·~.JF'GU §'l~ 0 rrrli. ~,oi as; lTL. U{,rL@ QJGtuitiiiJ.rD!riV @®W{iifi!UlDlToQiilil 'VGiDQTIU f!;tJ;§PQui GBO"''':' urr@8> Q,WfJGl'ilt...._.#~.JFmJ{jJa.(Jjrr!i;~.i.jri>ae; ~1,~,!J;rmQJ (!fJ~i1Wt!l"lW rn:JWI~J® 1!5l@;;;l{,)cir~ (ill'~<>i'r u.ffiI~j t!5'UJw'l.,uG'nG'tJ- ~J.~m,,'V ·.@~Ul0jlar_b ~I'i ru""aJU1I%~tfj'~,g; ![j/i~-U" iITGb10i ~TL!D ffi1l@jI.DDlG"!lTI1,Gil J®@Ul~5fi;1'U:fi;~!!J.U (]WTQ) (,;~ iFfilJ fi'I~ ~ (' rt ~ (!fJlB SIn "8'11> IU II flg; .!hf1G1HQ uHiuj G Wr ®

Siddh.a Unga.iah, Dr. T:S;

78

79

Origin and Daveloprnent of Saivas.id'dharulai lip to 131h century. Ne'po~eo,n pre$~. Maduraii, 1 979, pp ; 112 ~ '13

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8. Rohan, A. Dunuwila;

80

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UITLGU : 1533 : 1535

<!:p. e fP!l; uS;. 19 G'Ifl<fru<fLDUJW {bLEll:Pr'rQflJ!D/; G'Ifl<frufil{b{bIT[b{bu QUlTru rull:P IT LD Q) fr, G'Ifl<fru fil {b{b IT [b{b LDo;lT<fLDIT<f QruG>t'iluJ(El, Q<f~G'IflG'6r, 1955, uS; : 148

fj)@<!:pG'Ifl!D{b Q{bG>t'ilGru filru 1§1TG'6r aUIT{bW, @UIT{bITs;§i) @6YiJ Gm.m Q LD uj lLJ Gm IT Qj a LD WI G'Ifl Q) 8; 0; Gil rul rf/ f!)l ru G'6rW, Q<f.mG'lflG'6rU uGilo; G'IflQ)8;o;l:Po;W, 1979, U8; : 178.

Saivasiddhanta Theology, Motilal Banarsidas, 1985 P : 60

fj)@LD[bfj)U ~UlTujlifil

U8; : 270

fj)@rul,,"ruo;w LJ{bfbJG'Ifl[J, Bin. L (El !D Qj {b {b LEI fP fP!l :D Ufj)ULJ8;o;l:Po;W, UJlTfPu UITGmw, 1974, UITLGU : 13

@[bfbJ{br'rLDW, LDIT{b @{by", f:!]uufil - o;lTr'r{bfj)G'Iflo;, 1994, uS; : 40

fil{b{bIT[b{b G'Ifl<fru{b fj).m <!:p{b!DQUIT@@!jw ~G'IflGm lLJQflJ!D/lLJW, G'Ifl<frufi){b{bIT[b {bu QUIT.mrull:P1T LDQ)ri, Q<f~G'If)G'6r, 1955, uS; : 169.

12. 8iddhalingagaiah, T. B ;

Op-cit, PP. 52 - 54.

c!lI,!!)I <!:po; flJ treu Q) Ii U j) U LJ , ~: 2.2.2.

j) (I§ U U Qf1 Ii> {b IT.H 0; rrfihDL QQJ~ u!i@, j)(I§ €!I)(;;V Ii QJ U

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15. GQJ{bflJlT{bW, usn, fiI{h{b1i <fwUJ{!>{h!§lQJW - ~Ii c!lI,,uQl ~wuli, @U{hj)Qf1 <furruj) urrlifilUJflJrr{!>w rf/QI)Qf1Q1B= Q<frrrb Q u rrfPJQI 2. 5. 1995, (U1Uorrfl8;o;u u Lrr{!>!fjJ) U8; : 10 - 16

16. @urr<fwrraJ18;o;Qf1rrli, Lrr8;LIi, uur ; <!:p. ®. !fill. U8;. 79 filQJuU1uo;rrlFw, U8;. 13-15

17. filruulT{!> orIi>{!>UQf1lTrT, fiTfiiu.. e;~LJ!TITQf1 ~,"8;o;W, U8; .21

18. Nallasamypillai, J. M.; 8t. 8ekkilar's Periya pura-

nam, P. 70.

Op cit, P. 46. Op cit, P. 61.

@ Q)li fil UJ QJ U Q) rr!!)l <!:p{!> eomb UlTo;W, QlFWQI)IiI1.

1949, U8; : 299.

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19. Rohan. A. Dunwilla;

Rohan. A. Dunwilla;

WQI)Q) U UQ,o;QI)Q)8;o; 1JI00w. U8; : 479 - 007.

@~{!>ffw<!:pW QJrT~ {!>ffw <!:pw, !!J !TrMo;rru t.5I#w LJiiiu. W!fjIQI)U, 1992, U8;. 56.

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lk[E ~!Jf!P ri i> $I, (Ju !Jrrfil Ff/ UJ';, (Js;rr, QJ L Q LDrr!Ji1 !§IIQJ s;6I'iI~ ~8'QJfil1i~rrrii~w; u®!9 I ~1i{§JQJut5J!Js;rr8'(!JJw, ~~m @(!§ !L~!Js;'@jw, 8',;(JQJrJf!jUJ @tOlJ.ililUJu umr~fiW, LD{§J~!J 1979

'QJLQLDrr!Ji1ii filQJ(9rrlO5T (Jurr~(!JJw ~~IjJ® !hL8'~rr f!P,;1i!ii> (9rrlO5T(J~QJ'; ~(!!j6l'ilUJ Q)I(!!j1i!ii>llJw, 8',;(JQJrr!hUJ {jJQ).ililUJu umr~fiW, 1977

~s;rr(J!J, Lrr.iLtT, s;. eutt; (;If)8'QJ~1i{§JQJW, (LD!JrrLllI- f!Pwvw) ~ WI !Ji1..v ; s; rr. !!!f. !!!f ~ QJ rr 8' rr ii 8' ttti UJ ttti , ~ QJ WV UJ g( fJfU Qs;rrwu~, Q8'm~105T, 1990 61m@lw !§ITQ)JrOiJ s;rr-Ws;.

Saivasiddhata Theology, P.61.

Op. cit

Pandey, K.C. Abinavagipta, Chowkamba Sanskritseris, Vamasi, 1963, PP. 170-180

Saivasiddhanta Theology, PP.62-64

~s;rr(J!J, (!JJ.®.!§IT. u.i. 202, Saivasiddhata, Theology, P.62. @!Jrr8'LDrr6lliJ.is;l05TrrtT, ustt., (!JJ. ®. !§/T. u.i. 76 ~,*LUt5J!JS;!J6"6MW, (~Wly> f!Pwvw) {j}!J1i!ii>I05T1i!9!JUJW, u.i.15 ~,*LUt5J!JS;!JfiWW (~Wly> f!PQ)w) !6rr!hs;rrtfi(;lf)s; u&.232 (JLDIjJUllI-, u.i.236

Saivasiddhata Theology, PP.64-65

~,*LUt5J!JS;!J6"6MW (~WI!Ji1IiiiJ) u®fi;) I, !h1i~QJ lFIiJlil!Js;w, filQJrrS;LDfil1i~rrrii!h utfiurrQ)fiIr lFrMS;W, 1927, u.i. 72-73

19. (JLDIjJUlll-, u.i.108

20. (JLDdJUllI- u.i. 121-126, 142-144

21. ~~LUt5J!JS;!JfiWW, u®jl I ~i>{§JQJ8'riJfil!Js;w, u.i.82; ~1i{§JQJ1ijl!JUJ rf/tTfiWUJW, u.i 129

22. ~~LUt5J!JS;!J~w u®jl I ~1i{§JQJj;jl!JUJ '!61ri~UJw u.i:

149-150

23. ~,*LUt5J!JS;!J~w, (Jurrs;s;rrFf/~s; u.i.141

24. (JLDdJUlll-, u.i. 178-180

25. fi)QJ(9rrlO5T fi)j;jlUJrrtT, ~;2, u.i 231-268

26. Buton Stein, The state and peasant Society in medival South India,PP.230-243.

27. s;~Q)QJrr6lliJ @!JrrLD!6rr~dr jl(!!jLDjl; @rii{§J~riLD(!JJW

QJtT6"6M~tTLD(!JJW, !!!f Q!Jrius;rr t5J!DIru-!J~, LD{§J~!J, 1992, ul. 16-50

28. ~,*LUt5J!JS;!J~w, u!J(JLDrrL8' rf/!Jrr8's;rrFf/~s; u.i.361-362

29. filQJ(9rrlO5T fi)j;jlUJITIT, ~,,"~QJu51Q)s;s;6"6Mw, u.i.23

30. filQJ1i~wt5J (Ju!Jrrfi) Ff/UJ tT, s;rr, ~Wly> @Q)s;filUJj;jlrOiJ LD~(!JJW

LDrr~L(!JJw, u.i 106-107.

31. (JLDIjJU~ u.i. 126.

32. (Jurrs; s;rrFf/~s;, ar: 89; u.i. 189.

33. (JLDrrL8'S;rrFf/~s;, u.i 325, u!J(JLDrrL8' rf/!Jrr8' s;rrFf/~s;, u.i 333

34. (JLDdJUlll-, ar, 97, 98, 99; u.i; 296.

35. (JLDIjJUllI-, uS; 297.

36. ~Wly> @Q).ifilUJ1ijllDiJ LD~(!JJW LDrr~L(!JJw, u.i 106.

37. (JLDrrL8' rf/!Jrr8's;rrFf/~s; u.i,322-23.

38. u!J(JLDrrL8' s;rrFf/~s; u.i. 410-415.

39. (JLDIjJUllI-, ar; 57.u.i 417-418.

40. Saivasiddthanta Theology; P. 68, QJLQLDrr!Ji1 !§IT1iiiJs;6'I51rOiJ ~8'QJfi)j;~rrrii~w, (!JJru-W1~!J urrtTs;s;.

41. Qurr. ~s;Q)rr8'ujlu51ru- fi)rii~~I05TS;6iT, ujluurrfi) Ff/UJ ITS; 6iT , 61~. arfJ[E $I !J!Jrr8'rr, 616iu. 8'U tun': 6"6MW, UJ rry:, u.,v s; ~ Q).i s; 1:Ps; QQJ6l'iluJ@, 1993, us;.34-38

42. fi) QJ (9 rrlO5T fi)j; jl UJ rr IT, u.i-453

7.

B.

9. 10.

II. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

17.

is.

108

109

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