INTERNETWORKING with = “4"" PRINCIPLES, PROTOCOLS, AND ARCHITECTURE FIFTH EDITIONLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data CIP Data A le. Vice President and Editorial Director, ECS: Marcia Horton Senior Acquisitions Editor: Tracy Dunkelberger Editorial Assistant: Christianna Lee tor: Vince O'Brien Managing Editor: Camille Trentacoste Production Editor: Irwin Zucker Director of Creative Services: Paul Belfanti Ant Director: Heather Scott ‘Managing Editor, AV Management and Production: Patricia Burns Ant Editor: Gregory Dulles Manufacturing Mai lexis Heydt-Long Manufacturing Buyer: Lisn McDowell Marketing Manager: Pamela Hersperger Marketing Assistant: Barrie Reinhold NY © 2006, 2000, 1995, 1991, 1987 by Pearson Edie: eee Pearson Prentice Hall front Pearson Education, Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458, n, Ine. ae) All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without g from the publisher. Hall® is a trademark of Pears Education, Inc. ‘The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include the development, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine their effec~ tiveness. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentation contained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the fumishing, performance, or use of these programs. TRADEMARK INFORMATION: Cisco is a registered trad EUL-64 is a trademark of the Institute for Electrical and Electron stered trade~ mark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Linux is a registered trademark off Linus Torvalds. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Windows, Windows NT, Windows CE, and/or other Microsoft products referenced herein are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Additional company and product names used in this text may be trademarks or regis- emarks of the nd are respectfully acknowledged. 987654321 ISBN O-13-LA7b71-b Pearson Education Ltd., London Pearson Education Australia Ply, Lid, Syd Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education North Asia Ltd.. Hong Kong Pearson Education Canada, Inc., Toronto Pearson Edueacisn de Mexico, $.A. de C.¥. Pearson Education-Fap Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey