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Thomas Cook is the world’s best-known name in travel, thanks to the inspiration and
dedication of a single man. Thomas Cook began his international travel company in 1841,
with a successful one-day rail excursion at a shilling a head from Leicester to Loughborough
on 5 July. From these humble beginnings Thomas Cook launched a whole new kind of
company – devoted to helping Britons see the world.
View key dates of Thomas Cook history
A Brief History
On 9 June 1841 a 32-year old cabinet-maker named Thomas Cook walked from his home in
Market Harborough to the nearby town of Leicester to attend a temperance meeting. A
former Baptist preacher, Thomas Cook was a religious man who believed that most Victorian
social problems were related to alcohol and that the lives of working people would be greatly
improved if they drank less and became better educated. As he walked along the road to
Leicester, he later recalled, 'the thought suddenly flashed across my mind as to the
practicability of employing the great powers of railways and locomotion for the furtherance
of this social reform'.
At the meeting, Thomas suggested that a special train be engaged to carry the temperance
supporters of Leicester to a meeting in Loughborough about four weeks later. The proposal
was received with such enthusiasm that, on the following day, Thomas submitted his idea to
the secretary of the Midland Railway Company. A train was subsequently arranged, and on 5
July 1841 about 500 passengers were conveyed in open carriages the enormous distance of
12 miles and back for a shilling. The day was a great success and, as Thomas later recorded,
'thus was struck the keynote of my excursions, and the social idea grew upon me'.
Early Tours
During the next three summers Thomas arranged a succession of trips between Leicester,
Nottingham, Derby and Birmingham on behalf of local temperance societies and Sunday
schools. Within these limits many thousands of people experienced rail travel for the first
time, and Thomas was able to lay the foundations of his future business. He later described
this period as one of 'enthusiastic philanthropy' since, beyond the printing of posters and
handbills, he had no financial interest in any of these early excursions.
Thomas Cook's first commercial venture took place in the summer of 1845, when he
organised a trip to Liverpool. This was a far more ambitious project than anything he had
previously attempted, and he made his preparations with great thoroughness. Not content
with simply providing tickets at low prices - 15 shillings for first-class passengers and 10
shillings for second. Thomas also investigated the route and published a handbook of the
journey. This 60-page booklet was a forerunner of the modern holiday brochure.
The Great Exhibition
By the end of 1850, having already visited Wales, Scotland and Ireland, Thomas Cook began
to contemplate foreign trips to Europe, the United States and the Holy Land. Such thoughts
had to be postponed, however, when Sir Joseph Paxton, architect of the Crystal Palace,
persuaded Thomas to devote himself to bringing workers from Yorkshire and the Midlands
to London for the Great Exhibition of 1851. This he did with great enthusiasm, rarely
spending a night at home between June and October, and he even produced a newspaper,
Cook's Exhibition Herald and Excursion Advertiser, in order to promote his tours. By the end
of the season Thomas had taken 150,000 people to London, his final trains to the Exhibition
carrying 3,000 children from Leicester, Nottingham and Derby.
Beyond Europe
Building on his successes in Europe, Thomas made an exploratory trip to North America in
1865 and set up a system of tours covering 4,000 miles of railways. Four years later, in 1869,
he hired two steamers and conducted his first party up the Nile. The climax of his career,
however, came in September 1872 when, at the age of 63, he departed from Leicester on a
tour of the world that would keep him away from home for almost eight months. It had long
been his ambition to travel 'to Egypt via China', but such a trip only became practicable at the
end of 1869 following the opening of the Suez Canal and the completion of a rail network
linking the east and west coasts of America.
Thomas and his small party crossed the Atlantic by steamship and made their way through
the United States from New York to San Francisco by rail. They travelled by Pacific steamer
to Japan, then across the Inland Sea to China, and afterwards visited Singapore, Ceylon and
India. Leaving Bombay, they crossed the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea to Cairo, from where
most of the party travelled back to London. Thomas himself, however, set off on an extended
tour of Egypt and Palestine, finally returning home via Turkey, Greece, Italy and France after
an absence of 222 days. The conducted world tour quickly became an annual event, but many
additional tickets were issued to independent travellers, some of whom went via Australia
and New Zealand rather than China and Japan.
John created overseas editions of The Excursionist, the newspaper started by his father in
1851, to inform customers in places such as France, Germany, India, Australasia, America
and the Far East about the services he offered. (This newspaper, which became known as
The Traveller's Gazette in May 1902, continued to be published until 1939.) He also kept up
a continuous stream of correspondence with his offices abroad, checking on their work and
complaining if anything went wrong. Like many successful businessmen, John Mason Cook
combined a flair for grasping business opportunities with a remarkable memory for small
details.
The Gordon Relief Expedition
In 1884 John Mason Cook was asked by the British Government to organise a relief
expedition up the Nile to rescue General Gordon from Khartoum. Arrangements were made
for the movement of 18,000 troops, nearly 40,000 tons of supplies, 40,000 tons of coal and
800 whaleboats. To transport the coal from Tyneside to Boulac and Assiout via Alexandria,
28 large steamers and 6000 railway trucks were required. An additional 7000 railway trucks
were needed for the military stores, while on the Nile 27 steamers and 650 sailing boats were
used to carry the troops and supplies. John and his Egyptian managers acted as overseers of
the entire operation, which relied on the labour of 5000 local men and boys, and completed
their side of the contract in November 1884. Despite all the efforts, however, Khartoum fell
in January 1885 and Gordon was killed.
The company was incorporated as Thos Cook & Son Ltd in 1924, and in 1926 the
headquarters moved from Ludgate Circus to Berkeley Street, Mayfair, a once aristocratic
area which was now the centre of London society. Then, in 1928, the surviving grandsons,
Frank and Ernest (Bert having died in 1914), unexpectedly sold the business to the Belgian
Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits et des Grands Express Européens, operators of
most of Europe's luxury sleeping cars, including the Orient Express.
Thomas Cook experienced many changes during the 1970s, including the sale of its holiday
camp at Prestatyn and the relocation of its administrative headquarters from London to
Peterborough. The firm also became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Midland Bank Group.
In the 1980s Thomas Cook began to concentrate on its long-haul tours programme,
purchasing Rankin Kuhn Travel in 1982 and quitting the short-haul package tours market in
1988 (a market to which Thomas Cook successfully returned in 1996 when it acquired
Sunworld).
Thomas Cook's longevity was celebrated in 1991 (its 150th anniversary) and the company's
continued success was assured when it was purchased from Midland Bank by Westdeutsche
Landesbank (WestLB), Germany's third largest bank, and LTU Group, Germany's leading
charter airline, in 1992. Thomas Cook became a wholly-owned subsidiary of WestLB in
1995. A period of expansion followed - which saw the acquisition of Sunworld, Time Off
and Flying Colours in quick succession - culminating in Thomas Cook's merger with Carlson
Leisure Group's UK travel interests and the subsequent formation of JMC in 1999.
Thomas Cook UK & Ireland has a network of more than 800 high street stores (Thomas
Cook and Going Places), a leading website (www.thomascook.com) and some of the world’s
favourite travel brands.
These brands include Airtours, Club 18-30, Cresta, CruiseThomasCook, Direct Holidays,
Elegant Resorts, Essential Travel, Flexibletrips, flythomascook.com, Gold Medal,
hotels4u.com, Manos, Medhotels, Neilson, Netflights.com, Pure Luxury, Sentido, Style
Holidays, Sunset, Sunworld Holidays Ireland, Swiss Travel Service, The Big Reunion, The
Big Snow Festival, Thomas Cook, Thomas Cook Essentials, Thomas Cook Signature,
Thomas Cook Tours and Thomas Cook Sport.
The Company’s airline, Thomas Cook Airlines, operates a fleet of 44 aircraft and flies from
various regional airports to destinations worldwide.
Thomas Cook offers a range of financial services, including foreign exchange, the Thomas
Cook Cash Passport (a prepaid currency card), the Thomas Cook Credit Card, the ‘what’s the
rate’ foreign currency app for Android phones and iPhones and a wide range of travel
insurance policies. It is regulated for its travel insurance, which is underwritten by its
insurance division, White Horse Insurance Ireland Ltd. Thomas Cook in the UK is the
world’s leading retailer of the Cash Passport prepaid currency card.
An Official Supporter of the London 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, Thomas
Cook is the exclusive partner for UK short breaks and trips to the Games. Thomas Cook’s
London 2012 packages will go on sale in Spring 2011 and will include accommodation,
transport and event tickets.
Its leading publishing division offers a comprehensive portfolio of more than 300
independently authored travel guidebooks to 150 worldwide destinations.
Company Archives
Thomas Cook possesses a unique collection of archive material covering all aspects of the company's
history from the founder's first excursion on 5 July 1841 to the present. This material is held in the
Company Archives, which functions as a corporate 'memory', offering an information service to Thomas
Cook's various departments and to interested members of the public, as well as providing research
facilities for academics, journalists and picture researchers from all over the world.
Main Collections
Handbooks, programmes and brochures, 1845-present
Our main series of brochures begins in 1889 and, apart from a few small gaps, continues uninterrupted
right up to the present day. This is the most extensive collection in the Archives, numbering several
thousand items and covering most holiday destinations around the world. We also hold a small number of
'handbooks', forerunners of the holiday brochure, the earliest of which was published in connection with a
trip to Liverpool in 1845. These small booklets contain detailed itineraries, descriptions of the chief places
of interest along the route and lists of suitable hotels and boarding houses.
Copies of Cook's Excursionist newspaper, 1851-1902, and its successor, The Traveller's Gazette
magazine, 1902-39 First issued by Thomas Cook to promote his trips to London's Great Exhibition in
1851, Cook's Excursionist provides page after page of detailed itineraries, fares, lists of hotels and Cook's
offices, testimonial letters, accounts of tours, advertisements and editorial comment. The monthly issues of
this publication, which was eventually issued in 13 separate editions around the world, document not only
the expansion of Thomas Cook's business but also the early development of tourism itself. As such, this is
probably the most important collection in the Archives.
Travellers' diaries (originals and copies), 1855-1980 Many of Cook's early tourists maintained written
accounts of their travels and adventures. Around 35 of these diaries, including those of Miss Jemima
Morrell (who accompanied Thomas Cook on his first trip to Switzerland in 1863) and Miss Riggs (who went
on the first Cook's Tour of Egypt and the Holy Land in 1869), may be consulted in the Archives.
Company business records, 1870s-present Relatively few business records survive in the Thomas Cook
Archives. The main series include agreement books (1871-1929), John Mason Cook's correspondence
(1870s-1890s), board minute books (from 1924) and annual reports (from 1947). We also hold detailed
information about Thomas Cook's sale to Wagons-Lits in 1928 and the company's arrangements with the
British Government during and immediately after World War Two. Our most extensive collection of
business records, however, relates to Thomas Cook's operations in Egypt in the late 19th and early 20th
centuries.
Railway timetables, 1873-present First published in March 1873, Cook's Continental Time Tables and
Tourist's Handbook listed details of all the main railway, diligence and steamship routes across Europe.
The handbook soon became a regular publication and today, more than 125 years later, Thomas Cook's
European Timetable is still produced every month; a companion volume, Thomas Cook's Overseas
Timetable, is also published six times a year. Copies of the earliest timetables (1873-75) may be consulted
in the Archives, along with almost every issue from 1946 to the present. Our collection for the period 1909-
1939 is also extensive, but unfortunately we hold only two further examples from the late Victorian and
Edwardian periods.
Travellers' guidebooks, 1874-present Thomas Cook published his first guidebooks - for 'Switzerland' and
'Holland, Belgium & the Rhine' - in 1874. These guides were designed to provide relevant information for
tourists, particularly those travelling under Thomas Cook's own arrangements, and were not intended to
rival the more comprehensive volumes of Murray or Baedeker. Cook's guides still proved very popular,
however, and more than 30 titles (some revised many times) appeared over the next 65 years. Many of
these pre-WW2 guidebooks are available to researchers in the Thomas Cook Archives, where they may be
studied alongside their modern counterparts (still produced by Thomas Cook Publishing today).
Historical images Some 500 images from the Thomas Cook Archives are currently available as
transparencies, on a loan basis only, to picture researchers and private individuals. (A smaller - but
growing - selection of images is also available in digital format.) All the images have been taken from our
collections of posters, brochures and photographs and cover an enormous range of tourist destinations
and travel-related subjects.
Film material The Thomas Cook Archives retains a series of 45 short films used by the company in the
1950s and 1960s to promote overseas holidays to the new mass market. Video copies of these films may
be viewed here by researchers. The original films are stored in the Huntley Film Archives in London
(www.huntleyarchives.com) and any requests to use or reproduce this material should be directed there.
Contact Details
For further information about Thomas Cook's history or archives, please contact:
E-mail: paul.smith@thomascook.com
MISSION
Mission Statement Our mission is reflected in our philosophy and our philosophy
is simple: Thomas Cook strives to provide its clients with the answers and tools
necessary to meet and exceed their expectations. We are experts in corporate,
incentive travel & of course special events organization. For 135 years we have
been using our expertise to fulfil our philosophy, which evolves around achieving
ultimate client satisfaction.
Today the Thomas Cook name remains one of the world’s best known and
respected brands in travel and we
are proud that our business, as part of the global tourism industry, can be an
economic driver for the destinations
we visit – providing commercial benefit and financial impetus, as well as a
positive cultural exchange.
This policy was originally developed in 2004 and has been revised in 2007 to
reflect our continued work to
improve our development and management processes.
Our PLC Board Health, Safety and Environmental Committee, chaired by a non-
executive director, oversees
and monitors the activities of the operating companies within the Group,
signalling the fundamental
importance of Corporate Social Responsibility.
We recognise that it is important for the long term success of our operations to
consider our environmental
impact. It is essential that we do as much as we can, within our sphere of
influence, to protect the resources
the future of our business, and that of the local communities, depend upon.
And by reducing:
• Airline emissions
• Noise pollution Energy consumption
• Water consumption
• Solid waste production
• Paper consumption
• The impact of our supply chain
In addition, we recognise that we must work to preserve and protect the natural
environment, its resources
and its wildlife. We will encourage our customers to respect the environment and
to avoid activities which
exploit it.
For example, through promoting access to Foreign Office Travel Advice and
health information. We seek
continuous feedback from our customers on their overall enjoyment of the
holiday experience and we use
this information to gather opinions, measure performance and to improve future
holidays. Our overseas
representatives receive regular training to ensure our customers have an
enjoyable holiday which matches
their expectations.
We respect the natural and cultural heritage of all communities and understand
that we must play our part in
sustaining these. We aim to conserve cultural and national heritage, respecting
the integrity of local cultures
and avoiding negative impacts on social structures. We will encourage our
customers to respect the tradition
and integrity of local cultures and will promote behaviour compatible with the
principles of sustainable
development. Where practical, we aim to promote the purchase of local
produce.
Raising Awareness
We aim to ensure that we and all our stakeholders become better educated
through the experience of travel,
in keeping with the values of our founder. We recognise that raising awareness
and understanding amongst
our employees, customers and suppliers is fundamental to gain their
commitment.
We will endeavour to highlight the benefits of addressing these issues and will
encourage all stakeholders to
adopt these principles.
Working Together
We are committed to working with customers, employees, investors, suppliers,
local communities, industry,
government and other regulatory bodies and non governmental organisations in
order to deliver sustainable
development. In particular, we actively support and engage in the work of the
Travel Foundation and of the
Federation of Tour Operators.
Summary
Together with the support and guidance of multi-stakeholder groups, we aim to
build a tourism industry
which brings education and pleasure to those who travel with it, a sustainable
future to the places and the
people who provide it as well as a fair profit to all those who are involved in
supplying it.
Sustainability Report
February 2010
The air holidays/flights on this website are ATOL Protected by the CAA. Our ATOL number is 1179.
Mission
Wolfgang Beeser can hand the position of Thomas Cook CEO over to Thomas Holtrop at the
end of October after a successful two-year financial turnaround of Europe’s second-largest
tourism group.
Wolfgang Beeser can hand the position of Thomas Cook CEO over to Thomas Holtrop at the
end of October after a successful two-year financial turnaround of Europe’s second-largest
tourism group. The results for the nine months ending on July 31 presented by the company
on Wednesday show that it is back on a solid financial path. CFO Ludger Heuberg said that
for the first time in four years Thomas Cook was heading for a “substantial profit before and
after tax” thanks to the current bookings situation and further cost reductions.
Thomas Cook increased group-wide turnover by 1.5% to EUR 4.9 billion in the first nine
months of the tourism year. The German market, however, suffered a 2% decline to just
under EUR 1.8 billion. The company expects this to improve to zero by the end of the year.
Revenues in the UK were up 3.6% to the end of July, while the Western European markets
grew 3.5%. The pre-tax loss after nine months was reduced to EUR 71.2 million from EUR
286.7 million during the same period last year. As of the end of August, covering the peak
summer months, customer numbers across the group had risen 4.1%, while Germany was
9.1% ahead.
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