BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

Course code: Asc 162

Pre requisite: Asc 161 Basic Mathematics
Credit Hours: 3

Course objectives:

The main objective of this course is to teach students some advance

mathematical concepts along with their applications. Students will learn how to
apply an appropriate mathematical procedure / tool to solve a problem and how to
perform proper mathematical analysis.

Text Book:
1. Mirza Muhammad Hassan: Business Mathematics, 3rd Edition

Course Contents:

Chapter 5 Equations
Topics:
1. Simple equation
2. Basic Concept
3. Operations on an equation
4. Statement problems
5. Simultaneous Equations
6. Equations with three unknowns
7. Statement problems in two unknowns.
8. Quadratic Equations
9. Solution by factorization
10. Solution by Quadratic Formula
11. Problem set-5
Chapter 6 Graph of Algebraic functions
Topics:
1. Rectangular coordinates
2. Graph of an equation
3. General equation of a straight line
4. Application of Graph in determining break even point

Chapter 9 Mathematics of Finance - I

Topics:
1. Percentage mark up
2. Simple interest and present value
3. Simple Discount
4. Discounting negotiable instruments
5. Equivalent values of different debts and their payments

Chapter 10 Mathematics of Finance - II

Topics:
1. Definitions of Compound amount and Compound interest.
2. Compound amount formula
3. Use of compound interest tables.
4. Number of Periods and the interest rate.
5. Effective rate of Interest
6. Equivalent rates
7. Depreciation by reducing balance

Chapter 11 Mathematics of Finance - III

Topics:
1. Definitions
2. Formula for sum of annuity
3. Illustration of the formula
4. Use of annuity tables
 5. Finding R when S is known
6. Finding N when S is known
7. Finding I when S is known
8. Sinking fund for repayment of debt
9. Depreciation by sinking fund method
10. Present value of annuity
11. Formula for present value
12. Finding R when P is known
13. Finding N when P is known
14. Amortization of debt
15. Depreciation by annuity method
16. Evaluation of capital expenditure projects
17. Other types of annuities.
a. Annuity due
b. Perpetuity

Chapter 14 Differential Calculus

Topics:
1. Introduction to derivatives, functions, limits, the concept of
rate of change.
2. Interpretation of a derivative.
3. Graphical illustration of derivative.
4. Derivative xn
5. Derivative of a constant
6. Derivative of two or more functions
7. Differentiation of logarithmic and exponential functions.
8. Product of two or more functions
9. Quotient of two functions
10. Chain rule
11. Second derivative
12. Marginal Analysis and derivatives
 13. Maxima and minima of a function
14. Method of determination of maxima, minima and point of
Inflection.
15. Application of Maxima and minima.
i. Production units resulting in minimum cost.
ii. Maximization of profit
iii. Most economical order quantity
16. Introduction to partial derivative.
17. Maxima or Minima for functions of two variables.

Chapter 15 Integral Calculus

Topics:
1. Anti Derivatives
2. Integration Formulas
3. Integration by change of variable
4. Application of Integration
5. Definite integral
6. Applications of Definite integral

Recommended Books:
1. Frank S. Budnick : Application of Mathematics for Business,
Economics and Social Sciences.
2. Aplha Chiang: Mathematical Economics
3. Bowen: Mathematics with application Management and
Economics.
Division of Marks
Mid-Semester: 30
Final-Semester: 50
Research assignments and its presentations: 10
Quizzes: 06
Attendance: 04
 SEMESTER PLAN
SUBJECT: Business Mathematics PROGRAM: BBA SEMESTER: 2nd

TEXT BOOK: Title: Business Mathematics Author: Mizra Muhammad Hassan

Edition: 3rd

SUPPLEMENTED BY
LECTU TOPIC TO BE DISCUSSED
RE
1. . Simple equation
• Case Study
2. Basic Concept • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Operations on an equation
• Presentation
1 •
4. Statement problems Group
Discussion
5. Simultaneous Equations
6. Equations with three unknowns

1. Statement problems in two unknowns.

• Case Study
2. Quadratic Equations • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Solution by factorization
• Presentation
2 •
4. Solution by Quadratic Formula Group
Discussion
5. Problem set-5
1. Rectangular coordinates
• Case Study
2. Graph of an equation • Quiz
• Assignment
3. General equation of a straight line
• Presentation
3 •
4. Application of Graph in determining break even point Group
Discussion

1. Percentage mark up
• Case Study
2. Simple interest and present value • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Simple Discount
• Presentation
4 • Group
Discussion
 1. Discounting negotiable instruments
• Case Study
2. Equivalent values of different debts and their • Quiz
payments • Assignment
• Presentation
5 • Group
Discussion

1. Definitions of Compound amount and Compound

• Case Study
interest. • Quiz
• Assignment
2. Compound amount formula
• Presentation
6 •
3. Use of compound interest tables. Group
Discussion
4. Number of Periods and the interest rate.
5. Effective rate of Interest

1. Equivalent rates
• Case Study
2. Depreciation by reducing balance • Quiz
• Assignment
• Presentation
7 • Group
Discussion

18. 1. Definitions
• Case Study
19. 2. Formula for sum of • Quiz
• Assignment
annuity
• Presentation
8 •
20. 3. Illustration of the Group
Discussion
formula
21. 4. Use of annuity tables

MID-TERM EXAMINATION
 1. Finding R when S is known
• Case Study
2. Finding N when S is known • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Finding I when S is known
• Presentation
9 •
4. Sinking fund for repayment of debt Group
Discussion

1. Depreciation by sinking fund method

• Case Study
2. Present value of annuity • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Formula for present value
• Presentation
10 •
4. Finding R when P is known Group
Discussion
5. Finding N when P is known

1. Amortization of debt
• Case Study
2. Depreciation by annuity method • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Evaluation of capital expenditure projects
• Presentation
11 •
4. Other types of annuities. Group
Discussion
a. Annuity due
b. Perpetuity

1. Introduction to derivatives, functions, limits, the

• Case Study
concept of rate of change. • Quiz
• Assignment
2. Interpretation of a derivative.
• Presentation
12 •
3. Graphical illustration of derivative. Group
Discussion
4. Derivative xn
5. Derivative of a constant
6. Derivative of two or more functions
7. Differentiation of logarithmic and
exponential functions.
 1. Product of two or more functions
• Case Study
2. Quotient of two functions • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Chain rule
• Presentation
13 •
4. Second derivative Group
Discussion
5. Marginal Analysis and derivatives
6. Maxima and minima of a function
7. Method of determination of maxima, minima and
point of Inflection.
1. Application of Maxima and minima.
• Case Study
2. Production units resulting in minimum cost. • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Maximization of profit
• Presentation
14 •
4. Most economical order quantity Group
Discussion
5. Introduction to partial derivative.
6. Maxima or Minima for functions of two variables.
1. Anti Derivatives
• Case Study
2. Integration Formulas • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Integration by change of variable
• Presentation
15 • Group
Discussion

1. Application of Integration
• Case Study
2. Definite integral • Quiz
• Assignment
3. Applications of Definite integral
• Presentation
16 • Group
Discussion

FINAL SEMESTER EXAMINATION