PRELIMINARY WET TEST

SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE FOR QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INORGANIC SALTS AND MIXTURES

Analysis of salt mixtures is carried out by the following steps:-

1.preliminary examination

i.preliminary dry test

ii.preliminary wet test

2.analysis of anions

3.analysis of cations

4.report

Preliminary examination

Experiment observation inference

1.colour Light green May be ferrous salt
Green May be nickel or cobalt salt
Blue May be hydrous copper or anhydrous cobalt salt
May be ferric salt
Brown May be sulphides of sulphur or copper
Black
Yellow May be ferric or chromate
Colourless or white May be
AL+,ZN+,Ca+2,magnesium,lead,strontium,potassium
2.nature or ammonium salts.
Crystalline May be water soluble salts of sulphates,nitrates and
nitrites.

Amorphous May be phosphates,carbonates and

sulph ides.
3.sulphides Rotten egg smell May be sulphides
Smell of ammonia May be ammonium
Smell of veniger
PRELIMINARY WET TEST

Experiment observation inference

1.Action of heat:-A pinch of given samplle
i.the substance
is chars with the smellPresence
of of tartarates
heated in a dry testtube burnt sugar
ii.water drops on the sides of test May be hydrated salts
tube
iii.white sublimate is formed May be ammonium salts or mercuric
Salts
iv.black sublimate with violet May be iodide salts
v.yellow sublimate May be sulphides or thiosulphides
vi.yellow in color,when hot,white inMay be zinc salts
colour when it is cool.
vii.blue colour changes to colourlessMay
on be copper salts
heating
heating May be lead salts
viii.colour changes to orange on
heating May be carbonates
IX.Colourless gas is evolved which turns lime
water iinto milky appearance. May be nitrates.
x.reddish brown fumes turning ferrous
sulphate paper into black May be acetates.
xi.colourless gas with smell of veniger
May be sulphides
vxii.colorless gas with rotten
egg smell. May be ammonium salts.
xiii.colourless gas with smell of
2.Flame test:-A small quantity of ammonia
substance is mixed with HCl in a watch glass May be barium
and introduce into flame with a glassapple
rod green
and the Colour of the flame May be copper
is observed bluish green or blue
May be borates
bright green
May be zinc
flashes of green
May be ca
brick red colour
May be strontium
crimson red
May be sodium
golden yellow
May be potassium
violet
May be manganese
pale green
:-
PRELIMINARY WET TEST

1.WATER SOLUBLE SAMPLE:-Take a pinch of mixture with 1ml of distilled water.The solution looks clear
if the salt is water soluble,the solution looks turbid if the salt is water insoluble.If the sample is soluble in
water then its aqueous solution is used for analysis of anions.

2.water insoluble sample:-add 0.2gms of salt mixture and 0.4gms of sodiumcarbonate in 5ml of distilled
water.Boil it for 3-4mins and centrifuge it.use the residue for analysis of phosphates and the
centrifugate for remaining analysis.