Gas Turbine Start System

Dr.
Walid Abdelghaffar
System Function
¾ To accelerate the turbine engine up to 15%-

20% where combustion light off occurs
¾ At 60% -66% gas producer speed ,

the start system automatically shuts down
Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

Types of start systems
Pneumatic
Electrical
Electro hydraulic
Diesel engine

Pneumatic Starting System
Introduction
Preceding lectures have discussed gas

turbine engine components and
operation, oil systems, and fuel
systems. This lectures will describe gas
turbine engine starting systems.
This lectures presents information

about a pneumatic starting system, its
components, and operation. A Solar
Centaur pneumatic starting system is
used as an example.

Pneumatic Starting
System: Purpose
The purpose of a gas turbine engine
starting system is to provide power to:
·rotate the turbine shaft to starting

speed
· assist the turbine to self-sustaining

speed after combustion occurs
Most gas turbine engines are started

by starter power input to the main
accessory gearbox. The gearbox is
connected to the turbine rotor and
compressor.
Any gas under pressure may be used

as a power source for a pneumatic
starting system.
Starting System: Components
Natural gas must meet the manufacturer's
specifications. A typical pneumatic starting
system requires approximately 2600 scfm.
The main components of a Solar

Centaur starting system are as
follows:
· gas inlet strainer
· pilot gas filter
· solenoid-operated pilot valve
· starter motor shutoff valve
· lubricator
· starter motors
The gas inlet strainer is discussed first.

Starting System: Gas
Inlet Strainer
The gas inlet strainer is located at the gas
turbine skid upstream of the shutoff valve.
A shutoff valve is located downstream of the

strainer to shut off the gas supply to the starter
motor.
The strainer is a Y-shaped fitting that houses a

removable cylindrical "strainer" screen.
A pilot supply line branches off from the main

gas supply to the starting system. This line
provides pneumatic pressure to the solenoid-
activated pilot valve.

Starting System: Pilot
Gas Filter
A pilot gas filter assembly, consisting of a
10-micron filter and a pressure-reducing
orifice, is installed in the pilot supply line
upstream of the pilot valve.
The filter prevents foreign matter from

entering the solenoid-operated pilot valve.
The pressure-reducing orifice creates a

pressure drop in the pilot supply line. This
pressure drop ensures that the pilot valve
will operate properly in the event of
excessive gas pressure.

Starting System: Pilot
Valve
The pilot valve is a three-way, solenoid-operated
valve that is powered by 24-volt DC from the
electrical system and actuated by the control
system.
The pilot valve opens and closes the starter motor

shutoff valve.
When the solenoid is de-energized, pilot gas

pressure closes the starter motor shutoff valve.
When the solenoid is energized, pilot gas pressure

is vented, allowing the shutoff valve to open.
A pilot relief valve protects the filter and pilot valve

from excessive pressure.

Starting System: Starter
Shutoff Valve
The pilot-actuated starter motor

shutoff valve controls gas flow from
the supply line to the two starter
motors.
The starter motor shutoff valve is

installed upstream of the lubricator.

Starting System: Lubricator
A lubricator, located downstream of

the starter motor shutoff valve,
injects lubricating oil into the gas
flow.
The purpose of the lubricator is to

provide atomized lubricating oil to
the starter motor vanes.
A sight dome is used to check oil

flow. In addition, the lubricator bowl
has an oil level sight glass.
(Contd.)

On Solar Centaur gas turbines, two vane-type, pneumatically operated starter
motors are mounted on the starter adapter housing, located on the reduction
gear.
The motors transmit starting power to the engine through a common

overrunning clutch and shaft.

Starting System: Starter
Motor
The figure shows a starter motor and the
clutch, called a sprag or sprag clutch
assembly. The clutch in this installation is
in the housing that is mounted on the
engine gearbox drive.
The pawls , driving or holding links of a

ratchet that permit motion in one direction
only, are forced inward by small springs to
engage the sprag clutch ratchet. At a
preset engine speed, the pawls are thrown
(Contd.)

outward, disengaging the drive shaft
assembly from the sprag clutch
ratchet. The sprag clutch ratchet and
starter gear train coast to a stop and
the drive shaft assembly containing
the pawls continues to rotate at
engine gearbox speed.
The operation of the pneumatic

starting system is explained next.

Starting System: Operation
The operation of the pneumatic starting system is

automatically actuated by the gas turbine control
system panel.
The control system provides automatic starting

and sequencing as the gas turbine is accelerated
to operating speed.
During acceleration and operation, the control

system monitors the gas turbine and driven
equipment, such as a generator or compressor.
If an operating malfunction occurs, the control

system identifies the nature of the trouble and
may initiate an emergency shutdown.

System Operation: Start Sequence
The following start sequence is not a

start-up checklist. Before a gas turbine
start is attempted:
· A thorough prestart inspection must have

been completed.
· Prestart conditions must be satisfied.
When the operator presses the START

pushbutton:
· The RUN indicator lamp illuminates.

· Start/run control system relays are energized,
and the start circuit is initiated.
· The pre/postlube pump starts, and
prelubrication begins.

System Operation: Start Plus
15 Seconds
The following events occur 15 seconds

after the START button is pressed:
· The prelube timer times out, and the

start relay remains energized up to
66% of engine speed.
· The solenoid-operated pilot valve is

energized, and the starter motor
shutoff valve opens.
· Starter motors begin to crank and

accelerate the gas turbine.

System Operation: Turbine At
15% Speed
When gas turbine speed reaches

15%:
· Purge timer relay inhibits fuel while purging

the machine.
· Ignition begins when fuel is admitted 10
seconds after 15% speed. (Purge timer
times out.)
· Lightoff occurs and combustion begins.
· The engine continues to accelerate with
assistance from the starter motors.

System Operation:
Temperature @ 350°F
When engine turbine

temperature reaches 350°F:
· Ignition system is shut off.
· Pre/postlube pumps stop when

engine-driven lube oil pump
pressure reaches 35 psig.

System Operation: Engine
Speed @ 66%
When engine speed reaches

approximately 66% or self-sustaining
speed:
· The starter clutch overruns.

· The start-relay and start circuits are de-
energized.
· The solenoid-operated pilot valve is de-
energized.
· The starter motor shutoff valve is closed by pilot
pressure.
· Acceleration continues.
The start cycle is complete at approximately 66%

engine speed.

Pneumatic Start System
V V V
PILOT G
QUICK EXHAUST
AIR/GAS G VALVE ACTUATOR
SUPPLY
SHUT OFF
VALVE
STARTER
MOTOR
SHUT OFF
VALVE
LUBRICATOR G
STRAINER
AIR/GAS STARTER
SUPPLY G G MOTOR
LEGEND
G GAS
O OIL
V VENT FROM LUBE
O OIL SYSTEM
PNEUMATIC start system –
SOLAR TURBINES
1. Clutch Lubrication
Fixed Orifice
2. Pneumatic Starter
Motor
3. Gas Shutoff Pilot
Solenoid Valve
4. Gas Shutoff Valve

Starter Drive

1st Stage Disk

1st Stage Nozzle

Too Much Start Gas

Compressor ?

What Blades ?

Good Protection System

Hydraulic Starting System
Hydraulic Starting System:

Purpose
The purpose of a hydraulic starting

system is to supply high pressure
hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic starter
motor. This motor is mounted on
the accessory gearbox.
The hydraulic starting system

module and its associated piping,
valving, and instrumentation is
mounted on a self-contained skid.

Components
The main components of a

hydraulic starting system are as
follows:
· electric motor
· hydraulic pump
· hydraulic fluid reservoir
· hydraulic starter motor (engine
mounted)
· filter elements

Electric Motor
The purpose of the electric motor is to drive

the hydraulic pump.
The size of the electric motor depends on

the capacity of the hydraulic start module.
Larger engines require greater starting

power.
A typical 55 gpm hydraulic starting system

that operates at 5000 psig uses a 200
horsepower electric motor.
The motor normally operates on 480 volt, 3-

phase AC and rotates at 1800 rpm on 60 hz
or at 1500 rpm on 50 Hz.

Hydraulic Pump
The hydraulic pump is an axial-piston,

variable-displacement or variable-volume
pump. This type of pump automatically
increases or decreases the volume of fluid
flow to limit output pressure.
A small charge pump is mounted on the

head of the hydraulic pump.
The purpose of the charge pump is to

prime the system and to ensure that air is
purged from the system.
The charge pump is driven through the

main hydraulic pump.

Axial-Piston Pump
An axial-piston pump consists of several
small reciprocating pumps in a common
cylinder block and housing.
The head, which contains an inlet port and

an outlet port, is attached to one end of
the pump housing.
The cylinder block contains an odd

number of cylinders (usually seven)
equally spaced from the center.
Three cylinders are always connected to

the inlet port, and three cylinders are
always connected to the outlet port. One
cylinder is located between the ports.

Axial-Piston Pump
The cylinder block and pistons rotate
inside the pump housing.
The pistons have connecting rods that

are fastened to a swash plate by ball
joints.
The drive shaft of the axial-piston pump

rotates the swash plate and cylinder
block so that the pistons move back and
forth in the cylinder block, creating the
pumping action.
Piston movement is almost overlapping,

which results in a constant flow of
hydraulic fluid.

Hydraulic Pump: Pumping
Action
The figure shows the pumping

action of one piston as the
cylinder block makes one
revolution inside the pump
housing.
When the piston is at point 1, it

has just started its inward
movement and is only partly
open to the inlet port.
(Contd.)

At points 2 and 3, the piston is
moving inward and the space
in the cylinder is being filled
with hydraulic fluid.
At point 4, the piston is at the

bottom of its stroke and it is
not connected to either port at
this time. This movement from
point 1 to point 4 represents
the first half of a revolution.

Hydraulic Pump:
Pumping Action
During the last half of the

revolution, the piston moves
outward toward the head.
The hydraulic fluid that filled

the cylinder during the first half
of the revolution is now forced
out through the outlet port as
the piston returns to point 1 to
start another cycle.

Variable Displacement Piston
Pump
A variable-displacement piston-type
pump provides a means for varying
the length of the pumping stroke.
The length of the pumping stroke

determines the volume of hydraulic
fluid that is discharged to the
system.
Pump stroke length is varied by

changing the angle of the swash
plate.
( Contd.)

The angle of the swash plate is controlled by two different means:
· A solenoid selects high or low flow operation.
· An internal compensator limits output pressure to 5000 psig by reducing

the swash plate angle to reduce cylinder displacement.

Operation
The typical hydraulic start system is

a closed loop system with all return
lines to the hydraulic fluid reservoir.
The reservoir usually stores 40 to
50 gallons of hydraulic fluid.
Automatic temperature controls

maintain hydraulic oil temperature
between 50°F and 60°F.
( Contd. )

Alarms and shutdown switches are provided for high and low hydraulic oil
temperatures and low liquid levels.
During starting system operation, the charge pump takes suction from the
hydraulic fluid reservoir through a suction strainer.

Operation
Fluid from the charge pump flows

through a charge pump discharge filter
and then to the main hydraulic pump.
The charge pump provides over 300 psig
to the main pump suction.
The main hydraulic pump provides up to

55 gpm at 5000 psig to the hydraulic
starter motor.
High pressure fluid lines are installed

between the starting system module and
the hydraulic starter motor.

Operation
The hydraulic starter motor is

similar to the hydraulic pump.
The motor is variable displacement

with a swash plate. The power
cylinders are arranged axially
around a shaft. The angle of the
swash plate on the shaft is
controlled by a speed-sensing
mechanism.
( Contd. )

At speeds up to 2500 rpm, the swash plate is held at its maximum angle,
and the pistons are working through their full stroke.
At speeds over 2500 rpm, the swash plate angle decreases. At about 4500
rpm, the swash plate is almost square to the shaft.

Operation
The flow through the motor is equal

to cylinder displacement times rpm.
The flow gradually increases as the
motor speed increases up to 2500
rpm. Flow then remains more or less
constant up to cut-out speed (speed
increasing, displacement decreasing).
The starter converts high pressure

fluid energy to shaft torque, which
rotates the engine.
( Contd. )

The fluid discharges from the starter to the low pressure side of the system
(about 150 psig) and returns through a filter to the supply pump inlet.
Solenoid control valves are sequenced and controlled by the main unit control
panel.

Operation
When a start is initiated, the

system accelerates the gas
generator from static conditions to
self-sustaining idle speed.
The hydraulic starter motor has

an overrunning clutch, which
disconnects the starter shaft from
the gas turbine during engine
operation.

Hydraulic Clutch
Coupling between
torque converter and
asses gear arranged for
engage by hydraulic
piston
Hydraulic piston
Hydraulic oil inlet pipe
Vent pipe

Diesel Starting System
Introduction
This is the last in the series about gas
turbine starting systems. Previous
parts provided important information
about pneumatic and hydraulic starting
systems.
This part focuses on the diesel starting

system, its components, and operation.
The figure represents a typical diesel

starting system.
The part begins with the purpose of a

diesel starting system.

Diesel Starting System:
Purpose
The purpose of a diesel starting system is to

provide power to start the turbine axial flow
compressor.
A diesel starting system performs three primary

functions during the start cycle:
· start the turbine roll (breakaway from

standstill)
· accelerate the gas turbine to firing speed
· assist the gas turbine to self-sustaining speed
A diesel starting system has three main

components. Each is described in the
information that follows.

Components
The main components of a diesel
starting system are:
· diesel engine
· torque converter
· hydraulic ratchet system
The three components are graphically

represented in the figure. The diesel
engine is discussed first.

Diesel Engine
A diesel engine is the primary component
of a gas turbine diesel starting system. It
is used to rotate (crank) the gas turbine
for start-up.
A diesel engine is an internal combustion

engine that converts the heat of fuel into
work in the cylinders of the engine.
Diesel engine operation is based on the

reciprocating (upward and downward)
movement (stroke) of a piston in a
cylinder.
( Contd.)

In a two-cycle engine, the combustion cycle is completed in each cylinder
during one revolution of the crankshaft.
The diesel starting engine for G.E. Frame 5 gas turbines is a 12 cylinder,
two-cycle engine rated at 2300 rpm.

Two-Cycle Diesel Engine
In a two-cycle engine, four events occur

during one piston stroke. The events
are:
· scavenging (air intake)

· compression (fuel injected)
· power (fuel ignition)
· exhaust
The action taking place during each of these

events is shown in the figure.
The next component discussed is the torque

converter.

Torque Converter
The torque converter is a hydraulic

device that transmits the torque
(turning force) of the diesel engine to
the gas turbine through the ratchet
jaw clutch.
The hydraulic ratchet's jaw clutch

couples and uncouples the torque
converter and diesel engine from the
gas turbine.
Rotation of the hydraulic turbine causes the output shaft of the torque converter to rotate.
This turning force (torque) is transmitted to the gas turbine through a starting clutch.
The third component of the diesel starting system is the hydraulic ratchet assembly. The
purpose of this component is discussed next.

Hydraulic Ratchet
Assembly
The purpose of the hydraulic
ratchet assembly is to assist the
starting device to begin the
rotation of a gas turbine rotor at
breakaway.
The ratchet system also rotates the gas turbine rotor during the cooldown cycle, after gas
turbine shutdown.
The ratchet is controlled partially by the starting control system.
The diesel starting system has several auxiliary systems that are essential to its operation.
These auxiliary systems are discussed next.

Auxiliary Systems
A diesel engine has the

following auxiliary systems:
· cooling
· lube oil
· air
· fuel
· starter control
The first system discussed is the

cooling system.

Cooling Systems
A diesel engine uses one of two

types of cooling systems:
· radiator and fan

· heat exchanger
Both systems use a centrifugal water

pump to circulate coolant and a
thermostat to maintain operating
temperature.
The radiator and fan cooling system is

discussed first.

Cooling Systems: Radiator
& Fan
In a radiator and fan cooling system, the
coolant is drawn from the lower section of
the radiator by the water pump.
The coolant is then forced through the lube

oil cooler, into the cylinder block, and up
through the cylinder heads.
When the engine is at normal operating temperature, the coolant passes through the
thermostat housings into the top part of the radiator.
In the radiator, coolant temperature is reduced by heat exchange with the airflow through
the radiator created by the fan.

Cooling Systems: Radiator
& Fan
When starting a cold engine or when

the coolant is below operating
temperature, coolant flow is restricted
by the thermostat.
A bypass tube permits water

recirculation in the engine during
warm-up.
The heat exchanger cooling system is

discussed next.

Cooling Systems: Heat
Exchanger
In a heat exchanger cooling system, the

coolant is pumped through the heat
exchanger by the water pump. The
coolant then passes through the engine
oil cooler, cylinder block, cylinder heads,
exhaust manifolds, and thermostat
housings.
A bypass tube permits coolant recirculation when the thermostat is closed. When the
thermostat is open, coolant returns to the heat exchanger for cooling and recirculation.
As coolant passes through the core of the heat exchanger, the coolant temperature is
lowered by heat exchange with raw water. Raw water is supplied by a raw water pump
from an outside source

Lube Oil System
The diesel engine lube oil system
ensures positive lubrication at all
times.
This lube oil system has the same

purpose and components as other
lube oil systems discussed in previous
lessons.
Diesel engine lube oil provides full

pressure lubrication for all main,
connecting rod, and camshaft
bearings; piston pins; gear train; and
drive gear. Lube oil also cools the
piston.

Air System
The purpose of a diesel engine air

system is to provide air for
scavenging (removing) exhaust
gases from the engine cylinders and
for combustion.
In a two-cycle diesel, a charge of air

is forced into the cylinders by the
blower(s). Each cylinder is filled with
fresh, clean air.
( Contd.)

The air charge thoroughly sweeps all of the burned gases out through the
exhaust valve ports.
The air helps to cool internal engine parts, particularly the exhaust valves.
The diesel starting fuel system is discussed next.

Fuel System
The main components of the diesel

engine fuel system are:
· diesel fuel tank

· fuel charge pump
· canister tank
· main fuel pump
· filters
· fuel header
· fuel injectors
(Contd. )

A diesel fuel tank is built into the base of the gas turbine.
The fuel charge pump is driven by the diesel engine camshaft. This pump
supplies fuel from the base tank to a small canister tank mounted on the
side of the engine.

Fuel System
The main fuel pump takes suction from
the canister tank. It pumps the fuel under
pressure through the fuel filter to the fuel
header.
The main fuel pump is a positive

displacement gear pump that is attached
to the blower.
The fuel header delivers fuel to the fuel

injectors. The fuel is filtered through filter
elements in the injectors and then
atomized through small spray tip orifices
into the combustion chamber of each
cylinder.

Control System
This section discusses the starter

control system.
The primary diesel controls are:
· starter
· speed control system
· stop mechanism
· electronic logic

Control System
The starter is a DC electric starter motor. The
starter motor is attached to the diesel engine
block.
Lead-acid storage batteries provide electric

power for starting.
Diesel engine speed is controlled by the

variable speed governor. A hydraulic actuator
positions the governor speed control lever. A
small, engine-driven pump supplies engine oil
for actuator operation.
When the accelerating solenoid is energized,

the governor lever is driven to the high
operating speed position.

Control System
When the solenoid is de-energized, the

lever is returned to the idle position.
The diesel engine stop mechanism is a

solenoid connected to the governor.
When the stop solenoid is energized, it

activates the shutdown mechanism,
shutting off fuel and stopping the
engine.
Electronic logic in the gas turbine control panel provides automatic sequencing of
the starter and control solenoids for normal diesel engine start-up, for normal
and emergency engine shutdown, and for exercising and testing the engine.

Control System
To protect the diesel engine, electronic logic
also monitors the starting clutch position,
the engine lube oil pressure and the engine
speed.
Alarms and emergency shutdowns are

initiated for out-of-limit operating conditions.
If the diesel engine is tripped when the throttle

is in the full open position, the throttle does not
reset.
The next diesel engine restart will be made with the throttle set at full power. The throttle lever
should be manually reset before the next start attempt.
The next section discusses the operation of a diesel starting system.

Operation
The following describes the operation of a

diesel starting system. The procedure
assumes the gas turbine is off cooldown,
in a ready to start condition with all pre-
start-up checks complete.
When START is selected:
· starting clutch is engaged
· starting motor is energized to start the

diesel engine

The diesel engine idles through a 2-minute warm-up cycle.
The acceleration solenoid is energized to accelerate the diesel engine to max

speed for gas turbine breakaway with hydraulic ratchet assistance.

Operation
Following gas turbine breakaway:
· acceleration solenoid is de-energized and

the diesel engine slows to approximately
1900 rpm
· acceleration stop solenoid controls diesel

engine speed until the gas turbine is
sequenced through the warm-up cycle
· acceleration stop solenoid is de-energized

· acceleration solenoid is energized to
accelerate the diesel engine to maximum
rpm for acceleration of the gas turbine

Operation
At diesel engine speed of 3000 to

3400 rpm:
· clutch automatically disengages

· acceleration solenoid is de-
energized
At this time, the diesel engine:
· returns to idle speed
· idles through a cooldown period
· stops when the stop solenoid is
energized

Electric Starters

Electric Starters

Trouble Shooting Guide
FAIL TO CRANK
1. Check For Engine Rotation.

2. Check Magnetic Pickup And Circuit.
3. Check Starter System.

Fail To Start
1. Check Oil Temperature

2. Check Operation Of Guide Vanes
3. Check Operation Of Bleed Valve
4. Check Operation Of Fuel Actuator
5. Check Operation Of Fuel Shutoff Valve

Ignition Failure
1. Check T5 On Restart Attempt.

2. Check Torch And Igniter Assemblies
3. Check T5 Thermocouples
4. Check Pilot Fuel Pressure Regulator
5. Replace Spark Plug

Scheduled Performance Tasks Table
1. Clean strainers in supply lines to start system.
2. Check start system and associated wiring and

controls.

Trouble Shooting Guide
FAIL TO CRANK
1. Check For Engine Rotation.

2. Check Magnetic Pickup And Circuit.
3. Check Starter System.

Fail To Start
1. Check Oil Temperature

2. Check Operation Of Guide Vanes
3. Check Operation Of Bleed Valve
4. Check Operation Of Fuel Actuator
5. Check Operation Of Fuel Shutoff Valve

Ignition Failure
1. Check T5 On Restart Attempt.

2. Check Torch And Igniter Assemblies
3. Check T5 Thermocouples
4. Check Pilot Fuel Pressure Regulator
5. Replace Spark Plug

Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

Gas Turbine Start System

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Dr.

¾ To accelerate the turbine engine up to 15%-

¾ At 60% -66% gas producer speed ,

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

Preceding lectures have discussed gas

This lectures presents information

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

·rotate the turbine shaft to starting

· assist the turbine to self-sustaining

Most gas turbine engines are started

Any gas under pressure may be used

The main components of a Solar

The gas inlet strainer is discussed first.

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

A shutoff valve is located downstream of the

The strainer is a Y-shaped fitting that houses a

A pilot supply line branches off from the main

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The filter prevents foreign matter from

The pressure-reducing orifice creates a

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The pilot valve opens and closes the starter motor

When the solenoid is de-energized, pilot gas

When the solenoid is energized, pilot gas pressure

A pilot relief valve protects the filter and pilot valve

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The pilot-actuated starter motor

The starter motor shutoff valve is

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

A lubricator, located downstream of

The purpose of the lubricator is to

A sight dome is used to check oil

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The motors transmit starting power to the engine through a common

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The pawls , driving or holding links of a

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The operation of the pneumatic

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The operation of the pneumatic starting system is

The control system provides automatic starting

During acceleration and operation, the control

If an operating malfunction occurs, the control

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The following start sequence is not a

· A thorough prestart inspection must have

When the operator presses the START

· The RUN indicator lamp illuminates.

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

The following events occur 15 seconds

· The prelube timer times out, and the

· The solenoid-operated pilot valve is

· Starter motors begin to crank and

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

When gas turbine speed reaches

· Purge timer relay inhibits fuel while purging

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

When engine turbine

· Ignition system is shut off.

· Pre/postlube pumps stop when

Gas Turbine- Start Systems Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar

When engine speed reaches