STATISTICS 3503 / 3602 Extra Credit Problem Winter 2011

For the following random-effects one-factor model:

𝑌𝑖𝑗 = 𝜇 + 𝜏𝑖 + 𝜀𝑖𝑗
𝑖𝑖𝑑 𝑖𝑖𝑑
where 𝜏𝑖 ∼ 𝑁 (0, 𝜎𝜏2 ), 𝜀𝑖𝑗 ∼ 𝑁 (0, 𝜎 2 ),
and 𝜏𝑖 ⊥ 𝜀𝑖𝑗 ∀𝑖 = 1, . . . , 𝑡, 𝑗 = 1, . . . , 𝑛
𝑆𝑆𝑇
show that 𝐸(𝑀 𝑆𝑇 ) = 𝑛𝜎𝜏2 + 𝜎 2 where 𝑀 𝑆𝑇 =
𝑡−1
In order to do this you will need to prove a series of steps and will find the following properties of
expectation useful:
𝐸[𝑎𝑌 + 𝐵] = 𝐸[𝑎𝑌 ] + 𝐸[𝑏] = 𝑎𝐸[𝑌 ] + 𝑏
𝑉 [𝑎𝑌 + 𝐵] = 𝑉 [𝑎𝑌 ] + 𝑉 [𝑏] = 𝑎2 𝑉 [𝑌 ] + 0 = 𝑎2 𝑉 [𝑌 ]
𝐸[𝑌 2 ] = 𝑉 [𝑌 ] + (𝐸[𝑌 ])2
[ ]
∑ ∑
𝐸 𝑌𝑖 = 𝐸[𝑌𝑖 ] for 𝑌𝑖 independent
𝑖 𝑖
[ ]
∑ ∑
𝑉 𝑌𝑖 = 𝑉 [𝑌𝑖 ] for 𝑌𝑖 independent
𝑖 𝑖

where 𝑎, 𝑏 are constants and 𝑌 is any random variable, 𝐸 is the expected value and 𝑉 is the variance.

For each of the following steps, show all work for full credit. You may prove later steps, for credit,
using the previous results without having proven them. For instance, you could prove step 7 using
all the previous results even if you did not prove steps 1-6.
1. [10 Points]
𝐸[𝑌𝑖𝑗 ] = 𝜇 and 𝑉 [𝑌𝑖𝑗 ] = 𝜎𝜏2 + 𝜎 2
2. [10 Points]
1∑ 1∑
𝑌¯𝑖. = 𝑌𝑖𝑗 = 𝜇 + 𝜏𝑖 + 𝜀𝑖𝑗
𝑛 𝑛
𝑖 𝑖

3. [10 Points]
1[ 2
𝐸[𝑌¯𝑖. ] = 𝜇 and 𝑉 [𝑌¯𝑖. ] = 𝑛𝜎𝜏 + 𝜎 2
]
𝑛
4. [10 Points]
1 ∑∑ 1∑ 1 ∑∑
𝑌¯.. = 𝑌𝑖𝑗 = 𝜇 + 𝜏𝑖 + 𝜀𝑖𝑗
𝑛𝑡 𝑡 𝑛𝑡
𝑖 𝑗 𝑖 𝑖 𝑗

5. [10 Points]
1 [ 2
𝐸[𝑌¯.. ] = 𝜇 and 𝑉 [𝑌¯.. ] = 𝑛𝜎𝜏 + 𝜎 2
]
𝑛𝑡
6. [20 Points] [ ]
∑ ∑
𝑆𝑆𝑇 = 𝑛 (𝑌¯𝑖. − 𝑌¯.. )2 = 𝑛 𝑌¯𝑖.2 − 𝑡𝑌¯..2
𝑖 𝑖

7. [20 Points]
𝐸[𝑆𝑆𝑇 ] = (𝑡 − 1)(𝑛𝜎𝜏2 + 𝜎 2 )
8. [10 Points]
𝐸[𝑀 𝑆𝑇 ] = 𝑛𝜎𝜏2 + 𝜎 2

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