Benn & Equipment Design Handbook for Refineries and Chemical Plants Second Edition Frank L. Evans, Jr. Gp) Gulf Publi ympany @Be Melon GLY Houston, London, Paris, TokyoEquipment Design Handbook for Refineries and Chemical Plants Volume 2, Second Edi Copyright © 1974, 1980 by Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Evans, Frank L Equipment design handbook for refineries and chem- ical plants. Includes bibliographies and indexes. 1, Petroleum refineries—Equipment and supplies— Design and construction. 2. Chemical plants—Equip- ment and supplies. I. Title. ‘TP690.3.E89 1979 660.288 79-50245 ISBN 0-87201-256-7contents 1 FiredHeatersandBoilers............. 41 ‘Heat and Material Balance, 1 Radiant Absorption Rate, 4 Heat Transfer, 18 mnvection Bank, 6 Physical Property Data, 1 sanibecetiene) eee Burners, 6 (ethod Differences, 21 Fuel and Combustion Data, 1 Y Boilers, 21 Capacity, 2 Structural Arrangements, 6 Ball a Poe i. Maximum Allowable Radiant Pease Heat Recovery Equipment, 2 Heat Absorption Rate, 2 : Instrumentation and Combustion ‘Tubes, 3 Rating a Furnace, 8 Control, 24 ‘Tube Spacing, 3 Radiant Section Rating, 8 Automatic Combustion Control, 25 ‘Tube Diameter and Length, 3 Convection Seetion Rating, 11 Waste Heat Boilers, 26 ‘Tube Passes, 4 Stack Design, 13 Other Considerations, 27 Return Tube Header, 4 Finned Tube Conveetion Section, 16 References, 27 2 HeatExchangers................. 28 Shell and Tube Exchangers, 28 Heat Transfer Surface, 45 Sample Program, 70 Construction, 28 Coefficient of Heat Transfer, 45 Input, 71 Tube Pitch, 31 ‘Tube Wall Resistance, 46 Fluid Identification and Square Pitch, 31 Fouling Factors, 46 Properties, 71 Partition Plates, 31 Coefficient of Heat Transfer for Corrected Mean Temperature Baffle Opening, 31 Flow Inside Tubes, 46 Difference, 72 Host Tranafer, $1 Coefficient of Heat Transfer for Selection of Size and Thermal Design, Basic Equation, 31” Flow Outside Tubes, 47 : a Temperature Difference, 31 eee Log Mean Temperature Difference, Graphical Solution to ‘Tube Side Pressure Drop, 75 32. Heat Transfer Coefficient, 49 ‘Tube Side Film Coefficient, 75 Effect of Clearances on F, 81 ‘Tube Side Rating, 56 Shell Side Pressure Drop, 76 Temperature Gradient, 41 Heat Transfer Coefficent—Petroleum Shell Film Coefficient, 79 Weighted Mean Temperature Fractions, 64 Calculation of U and Surface, 79 Difference, 41 Vertical Tubes, 66 Specification Sheet, 80 Heat Release Curves, 42 Hah Tenses Gee Air Cooled Heat Exchangers, 80 ‘Shell-Side Condensation, Frere alas Heat Duty, 80 ‘Multitube Pass, 42 ndensing Liquids, 67 Bundle Selection, 81 Graphical Solution for Rating by Computer, 69 Heat Transfer Coefficient, 81 ‘Shells in Series, 43 Bloek Diagraming, 69 References, 88 v