Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GRAMMAR
AND
STRUCTURE
By: Ayu
MODUL 1: SYNONYMS, ANTONYMS,
HOMONYMS, HYPONYMS
SYNONYMS: kata-kata yang memiliki arti sama
Example: fast = rapid (arti: cepat); heaven = paradise (arti: surga);
trust = believe (arti: percaya)
STRUCTURE:
Subject + Verb 1 (+s/es for She/He/It) (+ Object)
Subject + to be + Object (Adjective/Noun)
FORM
FORM
EXAMPLE
Kalimat positif
She/He/It works
They/We/I/You work
She drinks coffee
I like apple
I am hungry
Kalimat negatif
She/He/It does not work
They/We/I/You do not work
I am not hungry
Kalimat tanya
Does she/he/it work?
Do they/we/i/you work?
Am I hungry?
MODUL 2: ANALYSIS OF WORD
FORMATION
SERING MUNCUL:
PEMBENTUK KATA BENDA: -ance, -ence, -ancy, -acy,
-cy, -ation, -sion, -tion, -ator, -or, -er, -ery, -ory, -ism, -ist,
-ity, -ive, -ly, -ment, -ness, -ship
PEMBENTUK KATA KERJA: -en, -ify, -fy, -ize, -ise
PEMBENTUK KATA SIFAT: -able, -ible, -ful, -ish, -ive,
less, -y
PEMBENTUK KATA KETERANGAN: -ly
PREFIX & ROOTS
PREFIX
SERING MUNCUL: a-, an-. Co-, dis-, e(n), extra-, i(n)-, inter-,
mis-, multi-, non-, re-, sub-, super-, un-, under-, up-, well
STRUCTURE:
Subject + to be + Verb-ing
EXAMPLE:
She/He/it IS working
They/We/You ARE working
I AM working
FORM
MODUL 3: Reference
KATA GANTI: it, he, she, we, they, I, you, them, him, her, us
LAIN-LAIN
MATERI TAMBAHAN: GRAMMAR
STRUCTURE:
Irregular
Subject + Verb 2 (+Object)
Regular
Subject + Verb + ed (+ Object)
FORM
FORM
FORM
MODUL 4 Sensitizing
TIPS:
Highlight “To be” (am, is, are) & Reference (that,
who, which, whom, where etc – MODUL 3)
FIND THE SUBJECTS
FIND THE VERB/ARTICLES (am,is,are,were,was)
FIND THE OBJECTS
FIND THE ADVERBS (keterangan: waktu, tempat
etc)
Common english structure: S+Verb+O
Modul 4: Sensitizing (cont’d)
TIPS:
Get the clue from Before and After sentence! (Antonym~
Synonyms~ Hyponyms)
Fragmentation (Pemecahan kalimat)
DICTIONARY!
Linking Sentence and Ideas: Reference
TIPS:
ALL TIPS ABOVE
Perhatikan REFERENCE (it, this, that, which)
Baca seluruh paragraf dan pahami
MATERI TAMBAHAN: GRAMMAR
FUTURE TENSE
1. SUBJECT + WILL + VERB (kata kerja)
Example: I will work tomorrow
“Will” dipakai untuk menunjukkan prediksi (tingkat
kepastiannya rendah)
Pilihan judul:
A. Communication and Technology
B. Russian culture
C. Animal Farm
D. Social Science Methodology
Modul 6: Anticipation
MODALS
Could
Ability (past tense) bentuk lampau dari “can”
Expresses possibility (ada syarat (conditions) yang
harus dipenuhi) kalau…saya bisa….: I could pay if I
have money
Request/permission: could you please pay for me?
TAMBAHAN: GRAMMAR (Cont’d)
USING MODALS
Contoh Kalimat:
Will you open the door for me?
Would you mind opening (V+ing) the door for me?
Could you please open the door?
Modul 7: Skimming
Skimming techniques:
Scanning techniques: