VPI
With heated molds With asphalt pressure molding
Strand insulation - dielectric
strength
Insulation tape
Number of insulation lavers
Internal potential grading for
optimized field distribution in
the main insulation
Corona protection \'lith tapes
Vacuum impregnation with
epoxy resin
WirKling overhang section
of bar
Composition of main
insulation
mica content
glass content
resin content
Main insulation dielectric
strength
Partial Discharges within the
insulation (PO levet
Advantages
Comparison of VPI and Resin-Rich insulat ion systems
Resin Rich
Negligible difference between systems
Mica paper with glass fabric Mica paper with reset and Mica paper 'Mth resin and
carrier and without resin cfass earner class earner
Dependinq on rated voltaqe no appreciable difference between systems
Yes Multiturn coils - No Yes
Stator bars - Yes
Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes - resin pre-loaded in
tapes
Winding overhang and slot Winding overhang and SIOl Winding overhang and slot
section - same materials section - different material section - same materials
for coils only to improve
windabilitv
approx. 65% approx. 65%
approx.7% approx. 10%
approx. 28% approx.25%
Negligible difference between systems
Very low. no micro voids: Pressed - si ghtly higher due Very low, no micro voids;
PD/single bar lower than 2 nC to lack of vacuum PO/single bar lower than 2 nC
• Void-free insulation by • Low viscosity resin during • Void-free insulation by
removal of air through the heating results in very few removal of air through the
vacuum process retained voids vacuum process
• Penetration of impregnating • Insulation system results in • Presence of pre-enpreqnat-
resin into the insulation to fill very high dielectric strength ed tapes ensures maximum
the voids void fill particularly near
• l ow POsystem bare bar
• Minimization of corona
activity • High temperature capabuty • Achieve extremely low levels
of PD
• Achieve verylow levels of PO
• High temperature capability
• Hig h temperature capability