Government of Andhra Pradesh

SOCIO ECONOMIC SURVEY

2009-10

PLANNING DEPARTMENT
A.P. SECRETARIAT, HYDERABAD
 CONTENTS

Chapter Pages
----------- --------

1 General Review 1 – 12

2 Macro-Economic Aggregates 13 – 16

3 Public Finance 17 – 18

4 Prices, Wages and Public Distribution 19 -22

5 Agriculture and Allied Activities 23-59

6 Industries 60-76

7 Economic Infrastructure 77-105

8 Social Infrastructure 106-184

9 Poverty, Employment and Unemployment 185-188

10 Eleventh Five Year Plan – An Appraisal 189-196

Annexures 197-276
ANNEXURES
 General

Page

1 General Review 1 – 12

2 Macro-Economic Aggregates 13 – 16

3 Public Finance 17 – 18

4 Prices, Wages and Public Distribution 19 -22

 Economic Sectors

Page

5 Agriculture and Allied Activities 23-59

6 Industries 60-76

7 Economic Infrastructure 77-105

 Social Sectors

Page

8 Social Infrastructure 106-184

9 Poverty, Employment and Unemployment 185-188

10 Eleventh Five Year Plan – An Appraisal 189-196

 ANNEXURES

S.No. Chapter Pages

-------- ----------- --------

1 Annexures 2.1 to 2.15 197 -210

2 Annexures 3.1 to 3.7 211 -217

3 Annexures 4.1 218

4 Annexures 5.1 to 5.25 219-239

5 Annexures 6.1 to 6.8 240-247

6 Annexures 7.1 to 7.7 248-255

7 Annexures 8.1 to 8.17 256-271

8 Annexures 9.1 to 9.5 272-275

9 Annexures 10.1 276

GENERAL REVIEW
Andhra Pradesh State is endowed with
bountiful natural and human resources with
competitive socio-economic advantages. The
state has a total geographical area of 275.04
lakh hectares accounting for 8.37% of the
Country’s area. Andhra Pradesh is situated in
a tropical region and has the 2nd longest
coastline of 974 km in the country, indicating
rich potential for marine fisheries. While the
state is ranked 4th largest in the country in
terms of area, its projected population of 8.40
crores as on 1st March, 2010, makes it the 5th
most populous State. The state has a rich and
diverse forest area having wide and varied
vegetation types enriched by a variety of
flora and fauna. Andhra Pradesh located
strategically in the central region of the
Indian sub-continent has a large part of the
generic Indian floral and faunal
representation. The state has a large river
system which supplements the rainfall in the
state. The total surface water of entire river
systems across the State is estimated at 2,764
TMC at 75% dependability.
Economy
The economy of Andhra Pradesh since its
formation in 1956 progressed rather slowly
and turned vibrant over a period of time. The
broad picture of the A.P. economy since
independence appears to follow the
millennial historic flow indicating rise,
decline and eventual restoration. Experts
broadly agree that after independence, A.P’s
economy like the national economy broke
from the past growth trend in and around
1980.
The average annual growth of the economy
of the Andhra Pradesh till beginning of 80s
was a little over 3%. The economy of the
State slowly yet surely started progressing to
a higher growth trajectory after 80s. The
State, since its formation at the stroke of
Second Five Year Plan, has been successfully
implementing various policy initiatives and
growth oriented programs focusing
essentially on poverty alleviation and
1
employment generation to record higher
growth.
However, after a moderate performance
during the Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-98 to
2001-02), when the Gross State Domestic
Product (GSDP) grew at a modest rate of
5.59%, the economy of the State accelerated
in the 10th Five Year Plan (2002-03 to 2006-
07) to record an average impressive growth
of 8.33%. Due to a number of strategic
initiatives put in place in the State, by and
large the living standards of the people have
improved. The strength of the economy is
evident from the remarkable transition to a
high growth path, which has been achieved in
the recent years.
Macro-Economic Aggregates
The state economy witnessed the strongest
phase during the period 2004-05 to 2008-09.
While the Nation’s economy grew at an
impressive rate of 8.49% during this period,
the performance of the State economy was
even more impressive as it registered an
average growth of 9.07% during 2004-05 to
2008-09. The notable feature of the state
economy during this period was remarkable
progress registered by all the three sectors of
the economy.
In spite of the global economic crisis during
2008-09, the GSDP (Quick Estimates) at
constant prices(1999-2000) is estimated at
Rs.2,51,431 crores as against Rs.2,39,372
crores for the year 2007-08 (Provisional
Estimates) for the state with a modest rate of
5.04% and the three sectors namely
agriculture, industry, and services
respectively grew at rates of 1.20%, 0.22%
and 9.58% respectively in the state.
The Per Capita Income of Andhra Pradesh at
current prices is estimated at Rs.40,902 in
2008-09 (Quick Estimates) as against
Rs.35,600 in 2007-08 (Provisional Estimate)
registering a growth of 14.89 percent. The
Per capita Income at constant (1999-2000)
prices has gone up from Rs.26,229 in 2007-
08 to Rs.27,362 in 2008-09 registering a
growth rate of 4.32 per cent.
Public Finance
The State’s own tax revenues have grown by
16% in the year 2008-09 over the previous
year i.e. 2007-08 and stood at Rs.33,358
crores. The State’s own non-tax revenue has
grown by 37% in the year 2008-09 over the
previous year i.e. 2007-08 and stood at
Rs.9,683 crores. Sales Tax continues to be
the major source of revenue in the State. The
revenue realized through Sales Tax during
2008-09 was Rs.21,852 Crores as against
Rs.19,026 Crores during 2007-08 registering
an increase of 14.85%. Out of total
expenditure of Rs.75,264 Crores during the
year 2008-09, capital expenditure was
13.77%.
Prices
The Average Daily Retail Prices of Rice (II
sort), Redgramdal (II-sort), Red Chillies Dry
(Gr-II) and Onions have shown increasing
trend where as the prices of Groundnut Oil
and Common Tamarind (Without Seed) have
shown decreasing trend during the period
from April to September,09 when compared
to the corresponding period of last year.
During the period from April to September,
09, Consumer Price Indices for Industrial
Workers (CPI–IW) increased by 14.08% and
10.56% in the State and All India
respectively, when compared to the previous
year April to September,08. During April to
September, 09, the CPI-AL increased by
12.44% in the State and 11.66% at All India
level, when compared to the corresponding
period of previous year. The Average Daily
Wages of Artisans and Field Labour of both
men and women have increased during the
period April to September,09, when
compared to the corresponding period of
previous year.
Public Distribution
There are 43,060 Fair Price Shops
functioning in the State as on 31.03.09. Out
of them, 6,947 are in urban areas and 36,113
are in rural areas.
Seasonal Conditions
The rainfall received during the South west
monsoon period for 2009-10 was 454 mm as
2
against the Normal rainfall of 624 mm
recording a deficit of 27 percent. During the
North East monsoon 2009-10, the average
rainfall received was 185 mm and it is lower
than the Normal rainfall of 224 mm
recording a deficit of 17 per cent.
Agriculture – Advance Estimates, 2009-10
Our state had witnessed natural calamities of
both drought and the worst ever floods
during the year. While the State was reeling
under severe drought, another calamity of
unprecedented floods had hit the State during
September-October, 2009. These floods
caused large scale devastation in 13 districts
and severely affected five districts of
Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Krishna, Guntur
and Nalgonda.
Even though the State faced the twin effect of
both drought and floods, the advance
estimates of the areas and production of
various crops for the year 2009-10 are likely
to be modest.
In Kharif 2009-10, the estimate of the area
under foodgrains is expected to be less than
42.73 lakh hectares in 2008-09. Similarly, the
production estimate in 2009-10 Kharif under
foodgrains is also expected to be less than
105.62 lakh tonnes in 2008-09.
In Kharif 2009-10, the estimate of the area
under Rice is expected to be less than 28.03
lakh hectares in 2008-09. Similarly, the
production estimate in 2009-10 Kharif under
Rice is also expected to be less than 83.80
lakh tonnes in 2008-09.
Crop Insurance
Under National Agriculture Insurance
Scheme (NAIS), 20 crops during Kharif 2009
and 11 crops during 2009-10 Rabi are
notified. Village as Insurance Unit under
N.A.I.S. in the 22 Districts with one major
crop is under implementation from Kharif
2008 season.
Apart from NAIS, for the first time in the
State, the Weather Based Crop Insurance
Scheme (WBCIS) on Red Chilly Crop in
Guntur District on Pilot basis during Kharif
2009 season is also taken up.
During Rabi 2009-10 season, Corriander crop
is notified on Pilot basis under Weather
Based Crop Insurance Scheme in Adilabad,
Kadapa, Kurnool and Prakasam Districts.
Co-operation
There are 2940 Primary Agricultural Credit
Societies functioning in the State. 35.25 lakh
Kisan Credit Cards have been issued to
farmer members of the PACS. A.P. State Co-
operative Bank has provided Rs.2788.54
crores (Kharif Rs.2587.35 crores and Rabi
Rs.201.19 crores) as production credit to the
farmers through the Primaries and the
District Central Co-operatives in 2009-10,
upto December,2009. Out of Rs.2587.35
crores loans disbursed during the Kharif
under Seasonal Agrl. Operations (SAO), Oil
Seeds Production Programme (OPP) and
Development of Tribal Programme (DTP)
are Rs.2,327.48 crores, Rs.226.94 crores and
Rs.32.93 crores respectively. APCOB
achieved a loaning programme of Rs.68.29
crores for disbursement of Long term Credit
Loans during the year 2009-10(upto
December,2009). APMARKFED has
achieved a business turnover of Rs.757.61
crores during 2009-10, upto December,2009.
Horticulture
Horticulture is emerging as an indispensable
and growing part of Agriculture, offering a
wide range of choices to the farmers for crop
diversification. It also provides ample
opportunities for sustaining large number of
agro-industries which generate substantial
employment opportunities. The estimated
area under Horticulture crops is 19.89 lakh
hectares during 2008-09.
A.P is first in production of Mango, Sweet
Orange, Lime/Lemon, Papaya, Oil Palm and
Tomato, third in production of Tapioca, and
fourth in production of Grapes,
Pomegranate, Sapota, Bhendi and Sweet
Potato (NHB data base 2008). Andhra
Pradesh Ranks first in production of Spices,
second in production of Fruits and third in
production of Flowers in the Country.
Horticulture commodities worth of
Rs.2,111.30 crores were exported from the
state during 2008-09.
3
Livestock and Livestock Products
Five types of regular veterinary institutions
viz., 22 Veterinary Polyclinics, 3 Super
Specialty Veterinary Hospitals, 278
Veterinary Hospitals, 1,826 Veterinary
Dispensaries, 42 Mobile Veterinary Clinics
and 3,110 Rural Livestock Units are
functioning mainly to attend to animal health
needs throughout the State. 252.16 Lakh
common disease cases were treated, 4.50
lakh castrations conducted and 366.83 lakh
vaccinations were delivered during the year,
upto 30.9.09. As per the results of the sample
survey, the total estimated milk production
was 47.59 lakh MTs, while 8934 million
eggs and 3.14 lakh MTs Meat produced in
the State during 2009-10, upto Sept.2009.
Fisheries
Andhra Pradesh, a leading state for fisheries
sector in the country, ranks first in Brackish
water shrimp production, first in Fresh water
prawn production, second in Fresh Water fish
production and fifth in Marine fish
production. The state is contributing about
40% of marine exports from the country.
Fish and Prawn production during 2009-10,
upto Nov.09 was 6.88 lakh Tonnes.
Forestry
The income accrued from forestry sector in
the State was Rs.87.19 Crores in 2008-09 and
Rs.42.92 Crores in 2009-10, upto September,
2009. At present, 8,499 Vana Samrakshana
Samithis are functioning, managing an area
of 23.94 lakh hectares within Reserved
Forests. About 6.66 lakh hectares of
degraded forests have been treated under Soil
and moisture conservation scheme.
Sericulture
Sericulture is a sustainable farm-based
enterprise favouring rural poor in Andhra
Pradesh with low fixed capital and relatively
higher returns on investment. Another
important feature of Sericulture Industry is
involvement of women around 60% of the
work force in this activity.
Andhra Pradesh is the second largest
producer of Mulberry and Tasar cocoons in
the country and Muga culture is in initial
stage. Andhra Pradesh has the privilege of
producing all four types of silk called Tasar,
Eri, Muga besides mulberry being
predominantly practiced in Tribal areas of the
State. The Tassar cocoon production is 10.61
lakhs Nos. and raw silk production is 837.32
MTs, Cocoon production is 6,698.59 MTs
and the employment generation is for 4.19
lakh persons during the year 2009-10, upto
September,09.
Marketing
There are 317 Market Committees under
which 891 Markets are notified in the State.
The Market Committees have Rs.184.00
crores towards market fee during 2008-09,
upto September,09.
Industries and Labor
After introduction of Industrial Policy in
August 1991, Andhra Pradesh has received
investment intentions (IEM) of 6,689
proposals with an investment potential of
Rs.4,37,925 crores providing employment to
11,13,817 persons so far upto 30.09.2009.
Out of the above, 2,931 proposals have gone
into production with an investment of
Rs.54,786 crores providing employment to
4,37,344 persons. Since inception, 104 Mega
Projects (above Rs.100 crores each in
investment) with an investment of Rs.44,768
crores have gone into production as on
30.09.2009. 81 Mega projects with an
investment of Rs. 76,106 crores are under
active implementation. The State has
received Rs.16,178.95 crores of Foreign
Direct Investment (FDI) inflows as equity
from January 2005 to September, 2009.
Since beginning of the Single Window Act,
70,302 clearances were issued under Single
window in respect of 40,129 units (Micro,
Small, Medium & Large units) with a
proposed investment of Rs.2,32,958 crores
and an employment potential of 9,40,869 as
on 30-09-2009.
3,164 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
are established providing employment to
66,270 persons, involving an investment of
Rs.1776.00 crores during the year 2009-10,
as on 30.9.2009.
4
103 Special Economic Zones(SEZ) have
been approved and 73 SEZs are notified. Of
the 73 notified, 40 SEZs have already
become operational creating 54,776 jobs,
with 35,269 direct employment and 19,507
indirect employment.
The estimates of Index of Industrial
Production in the State for the period April
to October,2009 (provisional) shows a
growth of 3.9% over the same period of
previous year.
As per the working results of all the 29 state
level public enterprises(SLPEs) during the
year 2006-07, the capital employed by all the
SLPEs, was Rs.28,066.43 crores and the total
turnover (including other income) made was
Rs.25,320.64 crores. 18 SLPEs, out of the
29, have made profit totaling to Rs.756.71
crores during 2006-07.
Mines and Geology
The mineral consumption is increasing due to
promotion of various industries and
manufacture of mineral based products. State
produces about 100 to 110 million tonnes of
industrial minerals and 200 million cubic
meters of dimensional stones and building
material. A.P. stands first in Barytes and
Limestone production in the country. The
state stands first in value of minor mineral
production and second in total value of
mineral production in the country;
contributing about 9 to 10 per cent,
Rs.15,966 crores during 2008-09 to the
country’s mineral value production.
The Mineral and Mining sector has achieved
Rs.1754.51 crores of Mineral Revenue
during the year 2008-09 and the State stands
first in Mineral Revenue among the
important Mineral Producing States of the
country. During 2009-10, Mineral revenue of
Rs.836.66 crores was achieved upto
September 2009.
Commerce and Exports
The exports from the State have increased to
Rs.66,698 crores in the year 2008-09 from
Rs.57,343 crores of the previous year 2007-
08. The growth in exports during the year
2008-09 is 16.31% over the last year. The
exports under computer software are
contributing more than 50 percent to the total
exports from the State during the year 2008-
09. The other major exports from the State
are Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Fine
Chemicals, Animal, Marine and Leather
Products, Engineering items, Agriculture and
Agro based Products, Minerals and Mineral
Products etc.
Irrigation
During the year 2004, the Government have
taken up plans for fully utilizing the available
yields of Godavari and other rivers and
initiated a historical beginning named
‘JALAYAGNAM’ with the aim of
completing the ongoing and new projects in a
record time to provide immediate irrigation
to water starving segments on top priority by
mobilizing funds from all possible sources.
Some more projects were added to
Jalayagnam Programme and presently 86
projects (44 Major + 30 Medium + 4 Flood
Banks + 8 Modernisation) were considered
under Jalayagnam. With the above projects
including Minor Irrigation and APSIDC new
irrigation potential of 98.41 lakh acres will be
created besides stabilization of 22.26 lakh
acres. During 2004-05 to 2008-09, 12
projects were completed and water released
for 19 more projects creating partial
irrigation potential and the remaining
projects are programmed to be completed in
a time bound and planned manner.
The total new Irrigation Potential created
from 2004-05 to 2008-09 is 19.96 lakh acres
and stabilization to an extent of 3.08 lakh
acres (Total 23.04 lakh acres) under
Jalayagnam projects including minor
irrigation and APSIDC.
As per the 4th Minor Irrigation Census
conducted in the year 2006-07, there are
23.06 lakh minor irrigation sources in the
state as against 20.36 lakh sources in the
previous Minor Irrigation census, 2000-01,
showing an increase of 13.28 per cent.
Power
From 1959 to 2009 September, the installed
capacity has been increased from 213 Mega
Watt (MW) to 13,986.89 MW; the
consumers served have grown up from 2.7
5
lakhs to 212.27 lakhs, the energy handled per
annum increased from 686 MU to 36,489.63
MU (April’09 to Sep’09). The annual total
revenues from sale of power have been
increased, from mere Rs.5.50 crores to
Rs.15,089.92 crores (including non-tariff
income). There are 3,880 sub-stations and
6,93,584 distribution transformers existing
upto end of September, 2009.
Government of Andhra Pradesh provided
free power to Agriculture Sector with effect
from 14.05.2004 in view of the extreme
hardships faced by agriculture consumers in
the past years. Government has also waived
the power consumption arrears amounting to
Rs.1,259 crores relating to agricultural
consumers of DISCOMs and RESCOs. So
far, 26,446 agricultural services have been
released during 2009-10 up to 30.09.2009.
There are 6 Major Lift Irrigation schemes at
132kV supply, 444 Nos medium and minor
Lift Irrigation schemes at 33kV, 11kV and
LT supply existing as on 30.09.2009.
Dedicated feeders were provided for 290 HT
Lift Irrigation schemes.
Government is subsidizing Rs.10/- per month
towards the cost of consumption of one 40-
Watt bulb (for 6 hours per day) during the
month for 13.92 lakh consumers with a
connected load of up to 250 watts and
consuming up to 15 units per month effective
from September 2004 billed in October 2004.
Government accorded sanction for payment
of Rs. 91.28 crores during 2004-05 to 2009-
10 (upto September,09) for this purpose.
The Government waived surcharge to a tune
of Rs.22.13 crores for the arrears
accumulated up to December 2004 (i.e.
Rs.180.51 crores) in respect of 17.67 lakh
SC/ST domestic consumers in SC/ST
colonies and Tribal Habitations. It has also
granted permission for payment of Current
Consumption charges (CC charges) in 24
monthly installments to avoid burden on the
consumers without levy of interest.
Under Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran
Yojana (RGGVY) program, 13,066 un-
electrified habitations and 25,32,351 rural
households have been electrified during the
years 2005-06 to 2009-10 (upto the end of
September, 2009).
During 2009-10, 68,141 pump sets have
been converted into HVDS at a cost of
Rs.211.82 crores, thus bringing the total
number of pumpsets covered by HVDS to
5,58,144 at a total cost of Rs.1,718.10 crores
up to the end of September, 2009.
Buildings
Plinth area of the Government Buildings
(Both Residential and Non-Residential) in
the State has increased from 22.80 lakh
Sq.feet as on 1.4.1965 to 99.72 lakh Sq.feet
as on 31.3.2009.
Roads
The total R&B road network in the State is
69,051 Kms as on 31-03-2009. Of this, the
National Highways constitute 4,648 Kms, the
State Highways constitute 10,519 Kms and
Major District Roads constitute 32,170 Kms
and rural roads 21,714 Kms. The density
with reference to R&B road network in the
state is 0.23 Kms per one square kilometer
and 0.86 Kms per 1,000 persons.
The total length of the rural roads under
Panchayat Raj engineering department is
1,29,317 Kms in the State as on 30-9-2009.
Out of this, Other District Roads consist of
8,184 Kms and village roads 1,21,249 Kms.
The surface details of the road length are CC
Roads 2,854 Kms; BT 31,502 Kms, WBM
22,284 Kms and Gravel 72,677 Kms.
Transport
Andhra Pradesh Road Transport Corporation
(APSRTC) has 7 Zones, 23 Regions and 202
Depots with a total fleet strength of 21,390
buses and 1.15 lakhs employees on rolls as at
the end of September,09.
APSRTC is one of the largest employer in
the state having 1.15 lakh employees. The
staff ratio per bus has been under control at
6.04 during 2009-10 when compared to that
of 6.13 in 2008-09. Employee productivity
has increased to 60 KMs during 2009-10
from 58 KMs in 2008-09, upto
September,08.
6
Airports
The Hyderabad airport has registered an
overall CAGR of 18.9% during 2001-02 to
2008-09 with international at 25.4% and
domestic at 10.9%. The year 2008-09 has
shown 12% increase in the overall volumes
of freight handled with international at 38%
and domestic at -12%.
For the first half of the year 2009-10,
Domestic Cargo have grown at a rate of
CAGR 15.5%, whereas the international
cargo has registered a CAGR of -2.6%.
Ports
There is one major Port at Visakhapatnam
under Government of India and 13 Non-
Major Ports under State Government. Ports
offer tremendous potential for development
and for the growth of a wide spectrum of
maritime activities such as international
shipping, coastal shipping, ship repairs,
fishing, captive ports for specific industries,
all weather ports, tourism and sports etc.
Communications
As on January 2010, there are 16,146 Post
Offices in the State, of which 104 Mukhya
Dak Ghars/Head Offices, 2,335 Sub Offices,
31 Extra Departmental Sub Offices and
13,676 Branch Offices. Similarly, there were
149 Telegraph Offices, 4,180 Telephone
Exchanges. As per the TRAI report, there are
a total of 438.94 lakh telephone connections
at the end of December,09 in the state. Out of
which, 24.55 lakh connections are wireline
(land line) and 414.39 lakhs are wireless
(GSM, CDMA and WLL (F)).
Banking
The number of scheduled bank offices in the
State is 6,641 at the end of September, 2009.
The aggregate deposits amounted to
Rs.2,21,651 crores and the total bank credit
advanced was of the order of Rs.2,24,549
crores as on 30-9-2009. The credit-deposit
ratio of the banks in AP is 101.31% as
against RBI norm of 60%.
Tourism
APTDC continues to strive for promotion of
new tourism products such as Eco-Tourism,
Beach Tourism and Cruise Tourism. During
2008-09, 6 new Eco-tourism destinations
have been promoted as novel initiatives
under community based Eco-Tourism.
Presently, the corporation runs a chain of 55
hotels with 1043 rooms and 2,222 beds in
prime locations fostering homely ambience,
an impressive fleet of 144 buses connecting
important tourism locations within and
outside the state. The corporation runs
Sound and Light shows, owns and operates
water fleet of 117 boats, Launches and
pleasure rides making River and Lake cruise
tourism an affordable reality.
Information Technology
Andhra Pradesh has emerged as a State that
provides the right climate for the growth of
IT business and is now one of the most
preferred destinations in the Country. A.P. is
at present home for major MNC - IT giants
and Fortune 500 companies. As a growth
engine, IT sector in A.P. is making steady
strides for rapid socio economic development
of the State. For the year 2008-09, the IT
sector recorded an export growth rate of
24.5% as against the national average of
20.65%, with the exports turnover of
Rs.32,509 crores. IT sector contributes to
about 52.09% of total exports from all sectors
in the State. AP State ranked fourth in IT
performance in the Country. The share of IT
exports from the State of Andhra Pradesh
occupies 15% of national IT exports. As of
2008-09, IT sector created gainful direct IT
employment to 2,51,786 persons.
Population
The state accounts for 7.2 per cent of the total
population in the country in the year 2001,
having declined from 8.3 per cent in 1961.
The population of Andhra Pradesh almost
quadrupled in the last century from 19.1
million in 1901 to 76.2 million in 2001. Out
of which, 38.5 millions are males and 37.7
are females. The decadal growth of
population was, in fact, below 15 per cent
7
until 1961; it rose till 1991 and the growth
rate, 24.2 per cent during 1981-91 was the
highest ever recorded. Later, it has decreased
to 14.6 percent during 1991-2001 which was
lower compared to the All-India rate at 21.53
percent. The density of the State is 277
persons per square kilometer as against 313
in the country. For the first time, the sex ratio
in the State has increased and it stood at 978
as against 933 for All India. Population of
SCs and STs works out to 16.19% and 6.59%
respectively.
Education
The literacy rate of the state is 60.47 in 2001
as against 44.08 in 1991. The literacy rate of
the state is lower than that of all India
literacy rate at 64.84. While the overall
literacy rate has improved, the male literacy
rate has increased from 55.1 to 70.32 per
cent. What is encouraging is that the female
literacy rate has gone up by more than 54
percent, i.e. from 32.7 percent in 1991 to
50.43 percent in 2001.
School Education
Government of Andhra Pradesh intends to
achieve the goal of Universalization of
Elementary Education by recognizing
Education as a potential instrument for
Human Development. The primary goal of
the state is to increase the overall literacy
levels steadily. During 2008-09, in the
Elementary Education sector there were
65,609 Primary Schools and 14,942 Upper
Primary schools and under Secondary
Education, there were 17,376 High Schools
and 100 Higher Secondary schools. There
was enrolment of 136.59 lakhs in the state as
on 30-09-2008 in all types of schools in the
state. In Higher Secondary, there was an
enrolment of about 1.11 lakh. Sustained
efforts are being made by Government ever
since formation of Andhra Pradesh to provide
teachers in all types of schools to maintain a
reasonable teacher-pupil ratio. The
percentage pass of students in S.S.C
examinations during 2008-09 is 78.83%
which is higher than the previous year pass of
75.47%.
Intermediate Education
There are 4,611 Junior Colleges under
different managements. Vocational courses
are offered exclusively in 479 Private Junior
Colleges and 12 Govt. Junior Colleges. The
Percentage of pass in Intermediate
Examinations in March 2008 is 60.15%.
Girls’ performance at 62% is better than that
of boys at 58%.
Collegiate Education
There are 249 Government Degree Colleges
and 179 Aided Degree Colleges in the state
with a strength of 3,64,726 students.
Technical Education
There are 656 Engineering Colleges, 703
MCA Colleges, 881 MBA Colleges, 278
B.Pharmacy Colleges, and 213 Polytechnics
functioning in the state(includes 370MCA
and 224 MBA stand-alone colleges). The
intake of the students is 2,26,870 in
engineering courses, 47,595 in M.C.A
courses, 59,676 in MBA courses, 16,675 in
Pharmacy, and 63,075 in Polytechnics.
Family Welfare
Estimated Birth rate, Death rate and Infant
Mortality Rates for the year, 2008 in the case
of State are 18.4, 7.5 and 52 respectively as
against 22.8, 7.4 and 53 for All India(as per
Sample Registration System). Expected life
at Birth, (2006-10) for Male and Female are
65.4 and 69.4 as against 65.8 and 68.1 for All
India. Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is
154 in the state as against 254 in All India in
2004-06 as per the Sample Registration
System.
Government of Andhra Pradesh have been
making concerted efforts to provide universal
access to comprehensive health and family
welfare services of acceptable standards of
quality. Family welfare services are being
rendered through 1,570 PHCs, 12,522 Sub-
centers, 131 urban family welfare centers and
82 post partum units, and 267 urban health
centers in the state. 800 PHCs in backward
areas have been designated as 24-hours
Mother and Child Health centers to provide
normal delivery services.
8
A.P. Vaidya Vidhana Parishad (APVVP)
There are 233 hospitals in the state, of which,
17 are District Hospitals with 4,400 beds, 58
Area Hospitals with 5,800 beds, 122
Community Health Centres with 4,840 beds,
10 Specialty Hospitals with 824 beds and 26
Dispensaries under the control of APVVP.
There are 1,569 Doctors on regular and 427
doctors on contract basis, 3,347 regular
Nursing Staff and 343 are on contract basis
and 2,161 regular Paramedical staff and 119
are on contract basis working in these
hospitals. APVVP hospitals are providing
out- patient, in-patient services, Diagnostic
services and Laboratory services. These
hospitals along with Primary Health Centers
act as a platform for implementation of
various national health programs like
Malaria, Tuberculosis, Family welfare,
AIDS, etc.
Rajiv Arogya Sri
The Rajiv Aarogyasri Health Care Trust was
set up to implement a Community Health
Insurance Scheme named Aarogyasri (now
Aarogyasri-I) to provide much needed help to
poor families for treatment of serious
ailments, thereby saving them from debt-trap,
initially in three districts during April,2007.
The scheme has since been extended to the
entire State with certain modifications in a
phased manner. Aarogyasri-II was launched
in the State in April, 2008 for cashless
treatment covering about 942 diseases, thus
enable many more BPL families obtain
cashless treatment and lead a healthy life.
The scheme provides financial protection
upto Rs. 2.00 lakhs to each family in a year
for medical treatment. Since inception
(Aarogyasri-I from 1st April, 2007 and
Aarogyasri-II from 17th July, 2008) 15,353
medical camps were held by the network
hospitals in rural areas and 26.81 lakh
patients were screened in these health camps.
So far, 7.2 lakh patients are treated as out-
patients and 5.7 lakh patients are treated as
in-patients in 340 network hospitals under
the scheme. 4.94 lakh patients underwent
surgery/therapy worth Rs.1478.56 crores.
Health
National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control
Programme, a 100% Central Sponsored
Scheme is being implemented in the state,
with a view to promote awareness on Goitre
and Iodine Deficiency Disorders and their
prevention among people, Under Diabetic
Care and Control Programme, Awareness
Campaigns and Screening Camps are being
conducted at PHC/district level. During the
year 2009-10, 64.77 lakh school children
were examined under school health
programme. Out of them, 32.89 lakhs were
treated, while 32,190 were referred to the
referral hospitals. In accordance with the goal
of National Aids Control Programme–III,
Andhra Pradesh aims to reverse the epidemic
by aiming to reduce new infections, as
estimated in the first year of the program, by
sixty-percent in the State by 2012.
Women Development and Child Welfare
With an objective to provide nutrition and
proper health care, the State Government is
providing Supplementary Nutrition,
Immunization, Pre-school Education, Health
checkups etc. are provided through Integrated
Child Development Services (ICDS), a 100%
Central Sponsored Scheme. Girl-Child
Protection Scheme to eliminate prejudice
against the girl child is being implemented.
385 ICDS Projects are sanctioned with
73,944 Anganwadi Centers covering entire
state. Out of which, 300 are in rural, 29 in
Tribal areas and 56 in urban areas.
Disablity Welfare
For the welfare of disabled persons, 40
Hostels and 3 Homes are functioning in the
State with a sanctioned strength of 4,215
boarders/inmates. 11 Residential Schools (6
for Hearing Impaired and 5 for Visually
Impaired) are functioning in the State with a
sanctioned strength of 1850. There are two
Residential Junior Colleges, one for hearing
impaired and another for visually impaired
with a sanctioned strength of 60 each and 7
KGBV schools for disabled girls in the state.
Economic Rehabilitation and Development
scheme is being implemented by sanctioning
20% of the outlay as margin money and the
9
remaining 80% is being arranged through
Nationalized Banks to enable the disabled
person to start self employment scheme to
make a living.
Backward classes Welfare
For Backward Classes, there are 1,422 Govt.
B.C. hostels (1,102 for boys and 320 for
girls) including 14 hostels for De-notified
and Nomadic Tribes. A total of 1.79 lakh
boarders are admitted during 2009-10. Out
of 1,422 hostels, 802 hostels are located in
Government buildings. 44 B.C. Residential
Schools (28 for Boys and 16 for Girls) with a
total strength of 14,792 students are
functioning in the state. The percentage of
pass in 10th class in Residential Schools in
2009 is 99.60%. 9.78 lakh Post Matric
Scholarships were sanctioned during the year
2008-09 for the students. 4.17 lakh Post
Matric were sanctioned during 2009-10 upto
December 2009. Similarly, 10.03 lakh
students have been sanctioned
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee during the
year 2008-09. 1.67 lakh students were
sanctioned Reimbursement of Tuition Fee
during the year 2009-10 upto December
2009. A.P. Backward Classes Co-operative
Finance Corporation Ltd. is implementing
Margin Money Programme and Rajiv
Abhyudaya Yojana in the state.
Social Welfare
For Scheduled Castes, there are 2,358
Hostels (Boys 1,691 and Girls 667) with an
intake of 2.48 lakhs and 79 Ananda Nilayams
with strength of 7,237 during 2009-10. 152
Scheduled Caste College Hostels (71 for
Boys and 81 for Girls) are functioning with
an intake of 21,182. In March 2009, SSC
Examinations, the percentage of pass among
the hostellers was 83.81 as against the State’s
average of 78.83. A.P. Study Circle provides
coaching for Civil Services Examinations of
UPSC. Government based on 2001 Census,
issued orders enhancing the allocations
towards Special Component Plan from 15%
to 16.2% of Plan funds of all the
Departments from the year 2006-07 onwards.
Tribal Welfare
For Scheduled Tribes, there are 599 Ashram
Schools with a strength of 1.59 lakhs, 442
Hostels with a strength of 0.79 lakhs, and
4,317 Government Primary Schools (TW)
with a strength of 1.02 lakh students
functioning in the year 2009-10. The
department is also maintaining 56 Residential
Schools, 12 Residential Schools for Primitive
Tribal Groups (PTGs), 4 English Medium
Schools, 49 Residential Junior Colleges, 2
Upgraded Residential Junior Colleges, 3
Schools of Excellence, 3 Colleges of
Excellence, 41 Mini Gurukulams and 90
Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas with a
total strength of 73,081, of which 34,081 are
boys and 39,000 are girls.
Minorities Welfare
A.P. State Minorities Finance Corporation is
providing margin money loans and direct
loans to the weaker sections of Minorities.
The impact of education on girl children in
the medium and long term is expected to be
multi-pronged and quite positive.
Youth Services
During 2008-09, 24,724 units were grounded
with a project cost of Rs.159.42 crores,
involving a subsidy of Rs.31.63 crores.
Suitable training programs are designed and
implemented as per the market demand and
needs of the youth to make them employable
in association with the Industry.
Housing
Under Weaker Section Housing Program,
since inception till the end of September
2009, 91,73,067 houses have been completed
comprising of 84,36,505 in rural areas and
7,36,562 in urban areas.
Rural water Supply and Sanitation
There are 3,26,506 hand pumps, 47,839 PWS
Schemes and 476 CPWS Schemes (incl. SSP
Schemes) existing as on 01.04.2009. 98,048
Individual Sanitary Latrines, 1,795 School
toilets and 632 Anganwadi toilets have been
constructed during 2009-10 so far.
10
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
Government have given top priority to
provide protected drinking water to all urban
local bodies by strengthening the existing
infrastructure and service levels. During last
five years, 54 water supply schemes with an
estimated cost of Rs.508.17 crores were
completed adding 365 MLD of water, raising
the installed capacity from 934 MLD to
1,299 MLD and thereby the average water
supply was raised from 63 LPCD to 85
LPCD. During 2009-10, 12 water supply
schemes were completed and commissioned
so far, under plan, UIDSSMT and HUDCO
grants, duly adding 129.03 MLD of water.
Outer Ring Road Project (ORR)
Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken
up construction of 158 kms long Outer Ring
Road Project around the twin cities to
decongest the cities and set up a direction for
the future growth of the city and its
surrounding municipalities. It is an 8-lane
access controlled expressway with a design
speed of 120 KMPH. In addition, 2-lane
service roads on either side are being
provided. The entire project is being
implemented in 3 phases.
Rural Development
Watershed Development, Drought Prone
Area, Desert Development, Integrated Waste
Land Development and Indira Prabha are a
few important programs being implemented
under Rural Development. So far, 9,301
Watersheds covering an area of 46.50 Lakh
have been sanctioned, of which, 4,741
Watersheds with an area of 23.70 lakhs are
completed under various watershed
development programmes.
First time in the history of the country,
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
gives legal guarantee of providing at least
100 days of wage employment to rural
households whose adult members are willing
to do unskilled manual labour. This Scheme
is implemented in 22 districts of Andhra
Pradesh. It is State government’s
responsibility to provide 100 days of
employment to each household. Since
beginning and upto 9-10-09, 119.08 lakhs
Job Cards were issued; 15.64 lakh
households completed 100 days of wage
employment; 73.41 crores person days
generated and 1.51 crores individuals have
been employed.
Commencing from early 80s, the process of
women empowerment has swept the entire
state of Andhra Pradesh in a silent and
dignified manner. There are 9.33 lakh Self
Help Groups (SHGs) comprising 106.61
crore rural poor women members, organized
into 36,391 Village Organizations (VOs) and
1,099 Mandal Samakhyas(MSs) in the rural
areas. The SHGs in A.P. constitute 27.74%
of all SHGs in the country. It has
substantially become possible by subsidizing
interest and making loans available at 3%
rate per annum. The rate of pension has been
enhanced to Rs. 200/- p.m. for all pensioners
and Rs. 500/- p.m to disabled persons from
2006-07. Government is distributing the
pensions on first of every month to Old age
persons, Weavers, Widows and Disabled
Persons. Government have released an
amount of Rs. 1,502.26 crores of which, Rs.
1,122.82 crores has been distributed to 66.36
lakh pensioners upto November 2009 during
the year 2009-10.
Dr.Y.S.R Abhaya Hastham is a co-
contributory pension and insurance scheme
visualized by the Government for the SHG
women over and above 18 years age group in
rural and urban areas to provide social
security in their old age. Under this initiative,
forty one lakh members have enrolled and
Rs.15.00 crores is distributed to 3 lakh
pensioners for the month of November, 2009
under the scheme.
Remote and Interior Areas Development
Programme (RIAD)
The Government of Andhra Pradesh is the
only state in the country to have created a
separate wing in the General Administration
Department for implementation of the
Remote and Interior Areas Development
program to co-ordinate the implementation of
core socio-economic activities by various
departments. The objective of the programme
is to wean away the youth living in the
Remote and Interior areas from the influence
11
of the left wing extremist ideologies by
improving the socio-economic conditions of
the people. 5,622 habitations were identified
as Remote and Interior Areas under this
project in 332 Mandals covering a population
of 54.38 lakhs in 18 districts.
Backward Region Grant Fund
(BRGF-RSVY)
The programme is being implemented in 13
selected districts in the State (1st phase of
NREGA) with an allocation of Rs.335.28
crores under Development Grant and Rs.13
crores under Capacity Building. District
plans for 13 BRGF Districts were received
from the District Planning Committees and
the Annual Plan for the year 2009-10 was
approved for an amount of Rs. 337.09 crores
for taking up 44,073 works. It includes 9,969
works with an amount of Rs. 81.89 crores
under SC Sub-Plan and 5,874 works with an
amount of Rs.47.30 crores under ST Sub-
Plan. An amount of Rs.249.34 crores has
been released to the districts. 5,608 works
worth of Rs.76.84 crores were completed and
the remaining works are in progress.
Rajiv Palle Bata
Rajiv Palle Bata is a program involving
dialogue between the leader and the people.
During the process, people get an opportunity
to represent their problems directly to their
leaders. A total number of 54,540 petitions
have been received during Rajiv Palle Bata
programme and 1,195 assurances have also
been made during public interactions.
96.66% of petitions and 90.30% of
assurances have been respondent to so far.
Rajiv Nagara Bata
Government of Andhra Pradesh launched the
Rajiv Nagara Bata Program (RNBP) on
9.1.2005 with an overarching goal of
deepening good urban governance in the state
and enhancing basic services and livelihoods
in an equitable manner in all the Urban Local
Bodies. Under the program, a total of 748
assurances have come up with a cost of
Rs.4,296.16 crores, of these 618 assurances
have been redressed with an amount of
Rs.3,021.56 crores.
The poor in urban areas are organized into
Self Help Groups and they are brought
together into Slum Level Federations at slum
level and into Town Level Federations at
town level. There are 21.78 lakh women in
1,98,019 self help groups in the 125 urban
local bodies.
Poverty
As per the official estimates of poverty
released by the Planning Commission,
poverty ratios of rural areas and urban areas
of AP for 2004-05 were 11.2% and 28.0%
respectively and that for the State as a whole
was 15.8%. The corresponding figures for
All India during the same period were 28.3%,
25.7% for rural and urban areas and 27.5%
for the Nation as a whole. Over the period,
the percentage of people below poverty line
has declined both for the State as well as for
All India. The paradoxical situation in
respect of Andhra Pradesh was that the urban
poverty was higher than the rural poverty.
Employment and Unemployment
The growth of employment in the State in the
early reform period(1993-94 to 1999-2000) is
relatively low when compared with that of
All India. It has increased and almost
doubled during the period 1999-2000 to
2004-05.
Unemployment rate is defined as the number
of persons unemployed per 1000 persons in
the labour force. Unemployment rates based
on the usual principal and subsidiary status in
12
Andhra Pradesh and All India in general have
increased over the period 1993-94 to 2004-
05. However, during the period 1999-2000 to
2004-05, the rural and urban unemployment
rates in respect of Andhra Pradesh have
decreased.
11th Five Year Plan – An appraisal
On the back of the impressive record of
economic growth coupled with a certain
positive upsurge in the living standards of the
people, the state economy (GSDP), on an
average grew at 7.89% during the 1st two
years of the 11th Five Year Plan period(2007-
08 and 2008-09) a little ahead of All India’s
GDP growth of 7.86% for the same period.
The performance of the state on the Per
Capita Income front is more impressive. The
Planning Commission had approved a total
amount of Rs.1,07,997 crores as Annual Plan
outlay for Andhra Pradesh state during the
first three years of the 11th Five Year Plan
period. An amount of Rs.75,725 crores has
been spent so far. The irrigation sector
followed by Housing sector have accounted
for major shares in the outlays as well as in
expenditure during this period. The
performance of the state in respect of other
development initiatives and flagship
programmes has also been encouraging.
***
 2. MACRO ECONOMIC AGGREGATES
Gross State Domestic Product
2.1 Economic growth has been recognized to be
a key factor for attaining sustained Human
Development as growth should eventually
lead to improvement in well being of people.
The usefulness of estimating State Domestic
Product (SDP) and its related aggregates in
Planning and Policy making is widely
known. Improvement in the availability of
basic data over the years helped to review the
methodology from time to time for
estimating the State Domestic Product, also
known as State Income, in a comprehensive
manner. Updating the data base and shifting
the Base year to a more recent year has
constantly been undertaken so that the
structural and sectoral shifts that are likely to
take place in a developing economy could be
properly gauged and captured.
State Domestic Product (SDP) is usually
estimated by ‘Income originating approach,
wherein incomes generated by the factors of
production physically located within the
geographical boundaries of the state are
aggregated. It represents the value of goods
and services produced within the state,
counted without duplication during a specific
period of time, usually a year. The estimates
of SDP and related aggregates are prepared
both at current and constant prices.
These estimates of economy over a period of
time reveal the extent and direction of the
changes in the levels of economic
development. Sectoral composition of SDP
gives an idea of the relative position of
different sectors in the economy over a
period of time which not only indicates the
real structural changes taking place in the
economy but also facilitates formulation of
plans for overall economic development.
These estimates when studied in relation to
the total population of the state indicate the
level of per capita net output of goods and
services available or standard of living of the
13
people in the State. These are referred as
estimates of Per Capita Income (PCI).
The state economy witnessed the strongest
phase during the period 2004-05 to 2008-09.
While the Nation’s economy grew at an
impressive rate of 8.49% during this period,
the performance of the State economy was
even more impressive as it registered an
average growth of 9.07% during 2004-05 to
2008-09. The notable feature of the state
economy during this period was remarkable
progress registered by all the three sectors of
the economy.
In spite of the global economic crisis, the
GSDP (Quick Estimates) during 2008-09 at
constant prices(1999-2000) is estimated at
Rs.2,51,431 crores as against Rs.2,39,372
crores for the year 2007-08 (Provisional
Estimates) for the state with a modest rate of
5.04% and the three sectors namely
agriculture, industry, and services
respectively grew at rates of 1.20%, 0.22%
and 9.58% respectively in the state.
Sectoral Composition
The sectoral composition of GSDP both at
current and constant (1999-2000) prices has
undergone considerable change during the
past few years. The status of composition of
GSDP in 2000-01 and 2008-09(Q.E.) at
constant (1999-2000) prices is shown in the
following charts.
Sectoral Composition of GSDP at Constant
(1999-2000) Prices in 2000-01
Agriculture
30.2%
Services
47.2%
Industry
22.6%
 13.28 percent and Electricity sector also
Sectoral Composition of GSDP at Constant
registered a negative growth of 4.34 percent
(1999-2000) Prices in 2008-09 due to abnormal increase in Consumer Price
Index Number for Industrial Workers(CPIIW
Agriculture
24.13% -12 centre Index).
Services sector comprises Trade, Hotels and
Restaurants, Transport by other means and
Services
Storage, Communications, Banking and
50.95% Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services
Industry and Community, Social and Personal
24.92%
services. This sector registered a growth rate
of 9.58 per cent during the year 2008-09.
Among the sub sectors of this sector,
Communications, Public Administration and
Other Services have shown decent growth.
It is evident from the above, that the share of Industry-wise estimates of Gross and Net
Agriculture sector in the GSDP has declined State Domestic Product and percentage of
from 30.2% in 2000-01 to 24.1% by 2008- variation over previous year at Current and
09(Q.E.). However, while the share of Constant (1999-2000) prices from 2000-01 to
Industry sector has increased marginally 2008-09 are shown in Annexures – 2.1 to 2.8.
from 22.6% in 2000-01 to 24.9% by 2008- GSDP of State and GDP of All India
09, the share of Services sector has The GSDP of Andhra Pradesh and GDP of
progressed from 47.2% in 2000-01 to 51% all India at Constant (1999-2000) prices are
by 2008-09. shown in Table 2.1.
Table - 2.1
During the year 2008-09(GSDP - Q.E.), in GSDP of A.P. and GDP of All India at Constant (1999-
the Agriculture sector, Agriculture alone has 2000) Prices
registered a negative growth rate of 1.80
percent even though the food grains Year Andhra Pradesh All India
production has increased but the production GSDP Growth GDP
Growth
of Pulses, Ground Nut, Sunflower, Sugarcane Rate
(Rs.Crs) Rate (%) (Rs.Crs)
(%)
and Mango has drastically come down. The 2000-01 139312 8.16 1864300 4.35
foodgrains production during 2008-09 has 2001-02 145185 4.22 1972605 5.81
increased to highest ever record of 204.21 2002-03 149142 2.73 2048287 3.84
lakh tonnes as compared to 198.17 lakh 2003-04 163085 9.35 2222759 8.52
tonnes during 2007-08, thereby registering a 2004-05 176379 8.15 2388768 7.47
growth of 3.05%. Among the sectors allied to 2005-06 194437 10.24 2616101 9.52
agriculture, the Livestock sector and Fishing 2006-07* 216140 11.16 2871120 9.75
2007-08# 239372 10.75 3129717 9.01
Sectors have respectively registered growth 2008-09$ 251431 5.04 3339375 6.70
rates of 6.87% and 5.90%, the Forestry and * Revised , # Provisional, $ Quick
Logging sector could register a relatively Source:-Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Andhra Pradesh
and C.S.O., New Delhi.
slender growth rate of 1.30 % during 2008-
09.
The GSDP of Andhra Pradesh and GDP of
Industry sector comprising Mining and
All India at current and constant (1999-2000)
Quarrying, Manufacturing (Registered and
prices from 2000-01 to 2008-09 (Q.E.) are
Unregistered), Electricity, Gas and Water
presented in Annexure-2.9.
Supply and Construction, registered a growth
rate of 0.22 per cent during 2008-09 due to The Central Statistical Organisation,
decrease in production of minor minerals like Government of India, while releasing the
road metal, gravel and morrum in the mining Gross Domestic Product advance estimates
sector which registered a negative growth of for the year 2009-10 has shifted the base year

14
to 2004-05 from existing 1999-2000 and
arrived tentatively at an all-India GDP
growth rate of 7.17%.
The Directorate of Economics and Statistics,
Government of Andhra Pradesh is in the
process of converting and updating the
GSDP growth projections for Andhra
Pradesh to the new base year 2004-05 from
the existing base year 1999-2000.
Per Capita Income:
The Per Capita Income figure gives some
idea of the standard of living of the people.
The Per Capita Income of Andhra Pradesh at
current prices is estimated at Rs.40,902 in
2008-09 (Quick Estimate) as against
Rs.35,600 in 2007-08 (Provisional Estimate)
registering a growth of 14.89 percent. The
Per capita Income at constant (1999-2000)
prices has gone up from Rs.26,229 in 2007-
08 to Rs.27,362 in 2008-09 registering a
growth rate of 4.32 per cent. The per capita
income of Andhra Pradesh and all-India at
Current and Constant (1999-2000) prices are
given in Annexure-2.10.
Gross District Domestic Product:
District Income is defined as the sum total of
economic value of goods and services
produced within the geographical boundaries
of the district, irrespective of the fact whether
persons reside inside the district or outside
owning that income. The Gross District
Domestic Product from 2000-01 to 2007-08
(P) both at current and constant (1999-2000)
prices are given in Annexures-2.11 and 2.12
and District Per Capita Income in Annexures-
2.13 and 2.14.
Gross Fixed Capital Formation
private sectors and gives net addition of the
assets created during the year.
The estimates of Gross Capital Formation
(GCF) consists of Gross Fixed Capital
Formation (GFCF) and changes in stock.
GFCF is a better indicator than GCF since
changes in stock is subject to more
fluctuations and also non-availability of the
stocks information in most of the industry
groups of private sector. Hence, the
estimates are confined to GFCF rather than
GCF at current prices. For measurement of
GFCF at State level, expenditure approach is
followed as the data on imports and exports
of capital goods across the state boundaries
and net inflow of resources from outside the
State are not available. The GFCF by
industry groups has been revised for 2005-06
and 2006-07 due to Supra regional sector
data supplied by C.S.O., New Delhi.
The GFCF from Private Corporate and
Household Sectors are based on the latest
RBI studies and collection of Annual
Accounts.
Gross Fixed Capital Formation in Andhra
Pradesh for the year 2007-08 at current prices
is Rs.97,488 crores as against Rs.80,383
crores in 2007-08 by registering a growth
rate of 21.28 percent. During 2007-08, the
GFCF at national level is Rs.16,05,440 crores
as against Rs.13,43,843 crores in 2006-07 by
showing a growth rate of 19.47 percent.
Year wise GFCF of A.P and All India from
2000-01 to 2007-08 at current prices are
shown in Table – 2.2.
Table-2.2
Gross Fixed Capital Formation in Andhra
Pradesh and All India at Current Prices

The growth of the productive capacity of the Andhra Pradesh All India
economy of a state depends on its rate of Year GFCF Growth GFCF Growth
capital accumulation and it is assessed by (Rs. Rate (Rs. Crs) Rate
estimating the capital formation of that state. Crs)
The higher the rate of capital accumulation, 2000-01 31365 7.14 477818 4.69
2001-02 34677 10.56 538179 12.63
the higher would be the growth of the
2002-03 34784 0.31 585010 8.70
productive capacity of the economy, where 2003-04 40671 16.92 687890 17.59
as its paucity leads to low level of production 2004-05 48535 19.34 895980 30.25
with higher cost. Thus Capital Formation 2005-06 64987 33.90 1112602 24.18
assumes paramount importance in the context 2006-07 80383 23.69 1343843 20.78
of policy making by the State and Central 2007-08(P) 97488 21.28 1605440 19.47
Governments. It reveals the potentiality of Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics,
the investments in the public as well as the Andhra Pradesh and C.S.O., New Delhi.

15
Gross Fixed Capital Formation as a Gross Fixed Capital Formation by type of
percentage to Gross State Domestic Product institutions i.e., public and private
(at current Market Prices) is one of the participation in creation of assets since 2000-
indicators to measure the productive 01 to 2007-08 in Andhra Pradesh is shown in
potentials of the investments made during the Table –2.5.
year at state level. The pattern/trends of
investments from 2000-01 to 2007-08 are Table 2.5
shown in Tables – 2.3 and 2.4. Gross Fixed Capital Formation in A.P and
All India By Type of Institutions at
Current Prices
Table 2.3 (Rs.Crores)
Andhra Pradesh All India
Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Andhra Year
Public Private Public Private
Pradesh and GDP of All India at Current 2000-01 10772 20593 135699 342119
Market Prices (Rs.Crores) (34.34) (65.66) (28.40) (71.60)
Year Andhra Pradesh All India 2001-02 13102 21575 147709 390470
2000-01 152973 2102314 (27.45) (72.55)
(37.78) (62.22)
2001-02 168821 2278952
2002-03 10485 24299 154213 430797
2002-03 181378 2454561
(30.14) (69.86) (26.36) (73.64)
2003-04 204005 2754620 2003-04 11789 28882 177736 510154
2004-05 229520 3149407 (28.99) (71.01) (25.84) (74.16)
2005-06 258732 3586743 2004-05 13670 34835 201912 694068
2006-07 300181 4129174 (28.23) (71.77) (22.54) (77.46)
2007-08 352125 4723400 2005-06 19386 45601 250577 862025
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, (29.83) (70.17) (22.52) (77.48)
2006-07 23774 56608 313859 1029984
Andhra Pradesh and C.S.O., New Delhi.
(29.58) (70.42) (23.36) (76.64)
2007-08 28914 68574 393336 1212104
(29.66) (70.34) (24.50) (75.50)
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics,
Andhra Pradesh and C.S.O., New Delhi.
Table 2.4
GFCF as Percentage of GSDP/GDP
Year Andhra Pradesh All India As seen from the above table, it is observed
2000-01 20.50 22.73 that creation of assets during the years, are
2001-02 20.54 23.62 more in Private sector as compared to Public
2002-03 19.18 23.83 sector in the cases both in Andhra Pradesh
2003-04 19.94 24.97 and All India during 2000-01 to 2007-08.
2004-05 21.15 28.45 Industry group wise GFCF in A.P from
2005-06 25.12 31.02
2000-01 to 2007-08(P) is shown in
2006-07 26.78 32.55
2007-08 27.69 33.99 Annexure-2.15.
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics,
Andhra Pradesh and C.S.O., New Delhi. ***

16
 3. PUBLIC FINANCE
3.1 Fiscal reforms have finally borne the fruit by
bringing remarkable stability in the deficits,
both revenue and fiscal, over the last four
years. Efforts to reduce revenue expenditure
remained the cornerstone of the fiscal
management of the state. The reduction in
interest rates of central loans and low
interest regime which prevailed during the
last four years also helped to ease the
pressure on the fiscal. The policy of
increasing public employment in
developmental sectors like Education was
continued.
Government’s flagship programmes like
construction of Irrigation Projects and
INDIRAMMA Housing Programme are
creating employment opportunities to rural
unorganised labour in large scale. Also the
exemplary utilisation of NREGP funds,
thanks to the adequate matching share from
the State as well the administrative
machinery which is able to plan and execute
such a large number of works in a
transparent manner has become a role model
for other States.
Revenue Mobilisation
Tax collections increased during the year
2008-09 over the year 2007-08 due to
strengthening of tax collection mechanism.
The average rate of growth of tax revenue
stands during last 3 years at 19.36%.
Introduction of VAT resulted in initial
hiccups in the year 2005-06, but 2006-07 to
2008-09 have seen good growth rate in VAT
and APGST collections. Non-tax revenue
also showed good growth at 37% over 2007-
08. One major source of non-tax revenue
for the state Government was the debt
waiver by the Government of India to the
extent of Rs.703.08 crores during 2008-09
due to our strict implementation of the
provisions under Andhra Pradesh Fiscal
Responsibility and Budget Management
(APFRBM) Act.
17
Restructuring Expenditure
During the year 2008-09, capital expenditure
constituted 13.77 % of the total expenditure.
As per the Revised Estimates for 2009-10,
capital expenditure is estimated at 17.27% of
the total budget. The major part of the capital
expenditure was allocated to Irrigation sector,
to ensure quick completion of major irrigation
projects undertaken by the Government.
However, there has been substantial increase
in revenue expenditure towards the subsidies
mainly Rice, Social Welfare scholarships and
other welfare programmes. Another important
factor is the additional power subsidy to the
power sector to tide over the crisis situation
during the Rabi seasons of 2008 and 2009.
Own Revenues
The State’s own tax revenues have grown by
16% in the year 2008-09 over the previous
year i.e. 2007-08 and stood at Rs.33,358
crores. The Composition of the Own Tax
Revenue from 2001-02 to 2009-10 (RE) is
given in the following bar diagram and in
Annexure 3.1.
State's Own Tax Revenue
(Rs.Crores)
40664
33358
28794
23926
19611
16255
13806
12616
11551
2009-10 (RE)
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
The composition of own tax revenue in 2008-
09 is depicted in Pie Chart 3.1, which shows
that Sales Tax, Excise, Motor Vehicle Tax
and Stamps and Registration contribute the
bulk of the Tax Revenues.
 Pie Chart 3.1
Debt and Interest Payments
Composition of State's Own Tax Revenue
2008-09 Interest payments against government debt
3%
9% have gone up from Rs.7,589 Crores in
5% 2007-08 to Rs.8,057 Crores in 2008-09. The
interest payments during 2008-09 increased
66% moderately by 6.17 per cent over previous
17%
year.

Fiscal Deficit
Sales T ax St at e Excise
T axes on Mot or Vehicles St amps and Regist rat ion Fiscal deficit in the year 2007-08 and 2008-09
Ot her T axes and Dut ies
is at 2.68% and 3.34% of GSDP respectively.
The State’s own non-tax revenue has grown
by 37% in the year 2008-09 over the The State Government managed to bring
previous year i.e. 2007-08 and stood at down the fiscal deficit below 3 per cent well
Rs.9,683 crores. The major components of in advance of the targeted date in the Andhra
State’s own non-tax revenue from 1998-99 Pradesh Fiscal Responsibility and Budget
to 2009-10(RE) are given in Annexure 3.2. Management (APFRBM) Act of March 2009.
Central Transfers Government of India subsequently increased
The receipts under Central Tax Devolution the fiscal deficit limit from 3% to 3.5% of
for the fiscal year 2008-09 stood at GSDP during the year 2008-09. Thus, the
Rs.11,802 Crores, which is an increase of State Government is within the fiscal deficit
Rs. 618 Crores over 2007-08. The flow of limit of 3.5% prescribed by Government of
Total Central resources to the State from India.
1998-99 to 2008-09 is given in
Annexure3.3. The Interest Payments and Fiscal Deficit from
Expenditure 1998-99 to 2009-10(RE) are given in
Capital expenditure was of the order of Rs. Annexure 3.6.
12,774 crores in the year 2007-08 and
Rs.10,366 crores in the year 2008-09. The The total outstanding debt by the end of
composition of total expenditure in 2008-09 March 2008-09 was Rs. 93,568 Crores, which
is depicted in Pie Chart 3.2. The details of comes to 25.20% of GSDP. Outstanding
the expenditure from 1998-99 to 2009-10 Central Loans as a proportion of the total debt
(RE) are given in Annexure 3.5. comprise 15.75% and market borrowings
constitute another 40.97%. The composition
Pie Chart 3.2 of Outstanding Debt from 2000-01 to 2009-10
Composition of Total Expenditure
2008-09
(RE) is given in Annexure 3.7.

4% ***
14%

82%

Revenue Expenditure Capital Out lay Net lending

18
 4. PRICES, WAGES AND PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
PRICES
Prices of commodities are one of the most
important factors responsible for change in
the pattern of consumption besides the real
income. The State Government constituted a
committee to monitor the daily retail prices
of six essential commodities commonly
consumed by majority sections of the society.
The essential commodities being monitored
are Rice, Redgramdal, Groundnut Oil,
Tamarind (Without seed), Red chillies (dry)
and Onions. Directorate of Economics and
Statistics collects the prices of these
commodities in 102 centres across the State
on daily basis.
The Average Daily Retail Prices of Rice (II
sort), Redgramdal (II-sort), Red Chillies Dry
(Gr-II) and Onions have shown increasing
trend where as the prices of Groundnut Oil
and Common Tamarind (Without Seed) have
shown decreasing trend during the period
from April to September,09 when compared
to the corresponding period of last year.
Table 4.1
State Average Daily Retail Prices of
Six Essential Commodities
(Rs. /Kg.)
Apr.-Sep’08 Apr.- Sep’09
Commodity
Rice(II sort)
13.63 16.73
Redgramdal
37.88 60.71
(II sort)
Groundnut Oil 74.15 65.11
Common Tamarind 33.26 32.75
(Without Seed)
Red Chillies Dry 50.18 58.88
(Grade – II)
Onions(Grade – II) 7.14 9.49
Source:- Directorate of Economics and Statistics
Price Index is a statistical tool to measure
the relative change in the price level with
reference to time, geographical location and
other characteristics. It is also considered as a
barometer of economic activity.
Study of changes in consumer prices are of
concern to Government as they are likely to
affect a large section of the population.
19
Consumer Price Index is of great relevance
for this purpose and is used as a device for
measuring changes in the level of retail
prices of goods and services paid by
concerned population segments. The classes
of people usually covered by these indices
are the Industrial Workers, Urban Non-
Manual Employees and Agricultural Labour.
Consumer Price Indices for Industrial
Workers (CPIIW):
The Consumer Price Indices for Industrial
Workers (CPIIW) Old Base 1982=100 is
replaced with New Base 2001=100 from
January, 2006. For construction and
compilation of CPI Numbers for Industrial
Workers with New Base 2001=100, twelve
new centres were selected in Andhra Pradesh
both for Central and State Series based on
Industrial workforce. The newly selected
centres are 1.Hyderabad, 2.Visakhapatnam,
3.Warangal, 4.Guntur, 5.Vijayawada,
6.Godavarikhani, 7.Vizianagaram-
Chittivalasa, 8.Kakinada - Rajahmundry,
9.Jaggaiahpet - Miryalaguda, 10.Tirupati -
Renigunta, 11. Kothagudem- Palwancha and
12. Nizamabad- Bodhan. Labour Bureau,
Simla compiles the index for the first six
selected centres as Central Series, while the
Directorate of Economics and Statistics
compiles the index covering remaining six
complex centres in A.P. During the period
from April to September, 09, Consumer Price
Indices for Industrial Workers (CPI – IW)
increased by 14.08% and 10.56% in the State
and All India respectively, when compared to
the previous year April to September,08. The
details are given in Annexure 4.1.
Consumer Price Index Numbers for
Agricultural Labour (CPI-AL)
The Labour Bureau, Simla compiles the
Consumer Price Index Numbers for
Agricultural Labour (CPI-AL) with 1986-87
as base year. During April to September, 09,
the CPI-AL increased by 12.44% in the State
and 11.66% at All India when compared to
the corresponding period of previous year.
CPI-AL is shown in Table 4.2.
 Table 4.2 The Average Daily Wages of Artisans and
Consumer Price Index Numbers for Field Labour of both men and women have
Agricultural Labour increased during the period April to Sept.’09
(Base:1986-87=100) when compared to the corresponding period
Year Andhra All India of previous year.
Pradesh
April-Sept., 08 456.67 440.17 ***
April-Sept., 09 513.50 491.50
Percentage 12.44 11.66 PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION
Change Fair Price Shops
Source :- Labour Bureau, Simla There are 43,060 Fair Price Shops
functioning in the State as on 31.03.09. Out
WAGES of them 6,947 are in urban areas and 36,113
On account of various social and economical are in rural areas. On an average, each shop
factors, Agricultural labour and Artisans in is having 535 cards/families. As against
the rural areas constitute the weakest segment Government of India’s norm of one Fair
of labour force. They are in Un-organised Price Shop for every 2,000 persons, there is
Sector. To frame a wage policy for this one shop for every 1,965 persons in Andhra
group, the wages data is being collected from Pradesh.
66 centres spread over the State. Average
Daily wages of Artisans and Field Labour in Rationalization of Fair Price Shops
the State are presented in Table 4.3 and in the To ensure effective functioning of public
chart. distribution system (PDS) and to enable card
Table 4.3 holders to have access to the F.P. Shop
State average Daily Wages of Artisans without traversing a long distance, existing
and Field Labour F.P. Shops are rationalized with attachment
(Rs.) of Ration cards to each F.P. Shop as follows:
Category Apr-Sep.08 Apr-Sep.09 Rural areas: 400 to 450 BPL and 50 Pink
Carpenter 116.55 132.69 cards.
Blacksmith 99.28 109.59
Urban areas: 500 to 550 BPL and 250 Pink
Cobbler 76.01 84.76
cards.
Field Labour
Men 92.99 112.17 Corporation areas: 600 to 650 BPL and 250
Women 69.24 83.95 Pink cards.
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics Subsidy Rice Scheme – Rs.2/- a Kg.
Government of Andhra Pradesh attaches
paramount importance to the supply of rice at
State Average Daily Wage s of the subsidized rate of Rs.2/- per Kg. to the
Artisans & Field Labour
below poverty line families through Targeted
Apr-Sep '08 Apr-Sep '09 Public Distribution System (TPDS). It is as
140 an important constituent of the strategy for
120
ensuing food security to the population
Daily Wage (Rs.)

100
80
Below Poverty Line (BPL). Government’s
60 endeavour is to implement TPDS, to the best
40 advantage of the beneficiaries, effectively,
20
0
efficiently and transparently. For the
Carpenter Blacksmith Cobbler Field Field financial year 2009–10, Rs.3,500 crore has
Labour- Labour- been provided in the budget towards subsidy
Men Women
for the subsidised rice scheme for supply of
Source:Directorate of Economics & Statistics
rice to BPL families at Rs.2/- per kg.

20
Kerosene
A quantity of 55,368 KLs. of kerosene is
being allocated for distribution to the non-
LPG BPL cardholders.
Issue of IRIS Based Ration Cards
IRIS based Biometric House hold Supply
Cards are issued through Designated
Photographic Locations (DPLs) to
accomplish the tasks relating to incorporating
changes such as income, residence, family
members and to rectify the defects, if any, in
the iris cards already issued. For issue of
fresh cards to the eligible families, who
applied and who have not been covered so
far, 100 permanent DPLs were opened in the
Revenue Divisional Headquarters and
Municipal Corporation areas.
The ration cards existing as on 31-12-2009
are 187.61 lakh White cards, 15.58 lakh
Antyodaya Anna Yojana cards (AAY),
93,200 Annapurna cards and 29.50 lakh Pink
cards totalling to 233.62 lakh cards in the
state.
De-duplication and cleansing of Ration
Cards through Field Verification
In order to streamline the functioning of the
public distribution system and to ensure that
the benefit goes to the eligible beneficiaries
without any exclusion, the Government have
decided to undertake a field verification
exercise for weeding out the cards in the
names of bogus, duplicates and ineligible
beneficiaries. This is being done by using
the iris biometric technology.
Elimination of bogus / duplicate cards,
elimination of anomalous in the pensions and
housing beneficiaries, linking up of housing,
pensions to ration cards unique-ID database,
saving in expenditure to government ex-
chequer towards subsidy on account of
elimination and utilization of the saved one
for the other benefits to the eligible but
excluded beneficiaries are some of the
expectation of this exercise.
It is envisaged to complete the exercise in the
entire State in 4 phases. Integrated Survey of
1st, 2nd and 3rd phases was completed and the
4th phase survey is under way. The process
of Gram Sabhas in the villages in which the
21
2nd phase survey was completed is going on.
It is planned to complete the entire process
by end of February, 2010. The cases of
duplicate/ permanent migration/ death/
ineligible etc. would be weeded out from the
database after reading out such names in the
Gram Sabhas at village level and also after
verification of the claims of the individual
cases that are likely to be affected.
Procurement of Paddy, Mize and other
coarse grains / pulses at Minimum
Support Price (MSP)
Minimum Support Price (MSP) is being
ensured to the farmers for their produce. In
order to facilitate disposal of paddy which
does not conform to the specifications,
Government relaxed specifications for
purchase of paddy imposing cuts in the
value/ MSP.
It has been made incumbent on the part of the
rice millers that they should purchase paddy
of Fair Average Quality (FAQ) at a price not
less than minimum support price i.e. Rs.980
for Grade A and Rs.950 for common plus
bonus of Rs.50/- per quintal during KMS
2009–10. Rice millers who purchase FAQ
paddy at a price not less than MSP + bonus
of Rs.50/- and above or non–FAQ paddy
with value cuts as prescribed by the
Government alone are permitted to deliver
levy to the Food Corporation of India.
Procurement of paddy and maize by
Government Agencies under MSP operations
is shown in Table 4.4.
Table 4.4
Paddy and Maize Procurement under
MSP
(Lakh M.Ts.)
2009-10
Item 2008-09 (As on 17-01-
2010)
Paddy 11.61 0.63
1.76 -
Maize
Source: - Civil Supplies Department
Procurement and distribution of Rice is
shown in Table 4.5.
 Table 4.5 Rs.35 per litre pouch during 2008–09 to
Procurement and Distribution of Rice control the price rise of edible oils in the
Procurement Distribution open market.
during Crop during Redgram Dal:
Year
year Financial year The State Government purchased and
(incl.CMR) (Lakh MTs) distributed 79,060 MTs. of Red Gram Dal to
(Lakh tonnes) BPL card holders @ ½ kg per card at Rs.55
2008-09 90.28 34.33 per kg during 2008–09 to control the prices
2009-10 of pulses in the open market.
(as on 15.51 24.17 Yellow Peas:
31.12.09) So far, 691 Mts of Yellow Peas has been
Source: - Civil Supplies Department
released under PDS to the while card holders
@ 1 kg per card at Rs.17.00. The issue of
PDS - Market Intervention Scheme Yellow Peas has been commenced from
Price rise of certain daily used Essential
October, 2009 onwards. Government of
Commodities is causing concern. To insulate
India is providing subsidy to the Agency
the card holders from the rising price trend
supplying yellow peas to the State
and to make available adequate stocks, daily
Government.
used essential commodities such as
Channa Dal:
Palmolein Oil, Redgram Dal, Yellow peas
All BPL cardholders are being supplied @ 1
and Channa Dal are being distributed at
Kg. per card at Rs.30.00 per Kg. in all areas
affordable prices to the card holders through
w.e.f. October, 2009 to December, 2009.
PDS by incurring subsidy.
So far, a quantity of 1,012 MTs. has been
Palmolein Oil released under PDS. Government of India is
For supply of imported RBD Palmolein oil to
providing subsidy to the Agency supplying
BPL families at subsidized rates through
chik peas to the State Government.
PDS, State Government purchased and
distributed 98,489 MTs of Palmolein Oil to
white card holders @ one litre per card at ***

22
 5. AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED ACTIVITIES

AGRICULTURE Land Utilisation in the state is depicted in the

following diagram.
5.1 Agriculture continues to be the predominant
source of livelihood for almost 60% of the
population-both at the National level and at Land Utilisation in Andhra Prade sh 2008-09
the State level. With the 11th Five Year 40%
Plan’s target of achieving 4% growth in
Agriculture during the Plan period and with
the objective of shifting a sizable excess
labour force from the Agriculture sector to
other non-farm rural sectors- especially to
rural industry through skill development, the
10%
obvious choice would be improvement of
productivity in the agriculture sector.
23%
Ensuring Food security and providing gainful 5%
employment to the labour force, has been the
2%
essential premise for the socio economic
1%
development of the people. Improving farm
2% 10% 7%
incomes and ensuring sustainable growth in
the agriculture and allied sectors would well
Forest
be the continued agenda for the state. The Barren & Uncultivable Land
overwhelming priority being accorded to the Land put to Non Agricultural Uses
irrigation sector coupled with the various Permanent pastures and other Grazing Lands
farmer friendly initiatives put in place by the Misc.Tree crops and Groves not included in Net Area Sow n
state in the recent past is the underlying Culturable Waste
theme for heralding agriculture renaissance Other Fallow Lands
in the state. Current Fallow
Net Area Sow n
Land Utilisation

The total Geographical area of the State is Rainfall

275.04 lakh hectares. Out of the Geographical
area, 39.8 percent is under Net Area Sown
(109.58 lakh hectares), 22.6 percent under
Forest (62.10 lakh hectares), 9.6 percent
under current fallow lands (26.24 lakh
hectares), 9.6 percent under Land put Non-
Agricultural uses (26.52 lakh hectares), 7.5
percent under Barren and uncultivable land
(20.55 lakh hectares) and remaining 10.9
percent under other fallow land, culturable
waste, permanent Pastures and other grazing
lands and Land under miscellaneous tree
crops and groves not included in the Net Area
Sown (30.05 lakh hectares). The land
utilization particulars from 1955-56 to 2008-
09 are given Annexure 5.1. The pattern of
The rainfall received during the South west
monsoon period for 2009-10 was 454 mm as
against the Normal rainfall of 624 mm
recording a deficit of 27 percent. During the
North East monsoon 2009-10, the average
rainfall received was 185 mm and it is lower
than the Normal rainfall of 224 mm
recording a deficit of 17 per cent. The Season
wise and monsoon wise rainfall are given in
Annexure 5.2 and 5.3 respectively.
Area and Production: (Kharif Season)
(Advance Estimate – 2009-10 Kharif)
Our state had witnessed natural calamities of
both drought and the worst ever floods
during the year. While the State was reeling

23
under severe drought, another calamity of
unprecedented floods had hit the State during
September-October, 2009. These floods
caused large scale devastation in 13 districts
including five severely affected districts of
Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Krishna, Guntur
and Nalgonda.
Even though the State faced the twin effect of
both drought and floods, the advance
estimate of the areas and production of
various crops for Kharif 2009-10 are likely to
be modest.
In Kharif 2009-10, the estimate of the area
under foodgrains is expected to be less than
42.73 lakh hectares in 2008-09. Similarly, the
production estimate in 2009-10 Kharif under
foodgrains is also expected to be less than
105.62 lakh tonnes in 2008-09.
In Kharif 2009-10, the estimate of the area
under Rice is expected to be less than 28.03
lakh hectares in 2008-09. Similarly, the
production estimate in 2009-10 Kharif under
Rice is also expected to be less than 83.80
lakh tonnes in 2008-09. The Production
estimates of food grains from 1974-75 to
2008-09 are given in Annexure 5.4.
Cropping intensity:
The cropping intensity (the ratio of gross
cropped area to net cropped area) is one of
the indices of assessing the efficiency of
agriculture sector and for the year 2008-09 it
works out to 1.27.
Season-wise area, production and
productivity of selected crops are given in
Annexure 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 respectively.
Gross and Net area Irrigated:
The gross area irrigated in the State increased
to 67.41 lakh hectares. in 2008-09 against
62.85 lakh hectares in 2007-08 showing an
increase of 7.3 percent.
The net area irrigated in the State increased
to 48.21 lakh hectares in 2008-09 against
46.44 lakh hectares in 2007-08, showing an
increase of 3.8 percent. The Source wise
Gross area irrigated and Net area irrigated in
the State is given in Annexure 5.8 and 5.9
respectively.
24
Land Holding:
The data on land holdings in the State is
collected from 1970-71 through a
quinquennial Census of Land Holdings and
the latest data relates to 2005-06. The
average size of land holdings in the State has
gradually declined to 1.20 hectares during
2005-06 from 1.25 hectares during 2000-01.
The distribution of Land holdings and area
according to size class are given in Annexure
5.10.
The department of Agriculture is
implementing various programmes to
improve the farm incomes both in absolute
terms and percentage of Gross State
Domestic Product (GSDP).
Mission and Strategies
The major concern that clearly emerges is to
improve the farm incomes both in absolute
terms and percentage of GSDP. The
Department of Agriculture is therefore
working with a mission of “Sustainable
Agricultural Production with minimum cost of
cultivation, eventually enhancing the return on
investment to the farmer”.
In the process of making the mission a reality,
the following strategies are being adopted.
• Re-engineering extension approach for
effective extension reach
• Empowering farmers with advance
agricultural practices
• Capacity enhancement of Departmental
Staff for efficient use of extension
technology.
• Ensuring timely input supply.
• Regulation of inputs and quality control.
• Soil test based fertilizer recommendation.
• Promotion of self reliance in seed
production among farmers.
• Promotion of Integrated Crop
Management through Integrated Nutrient
Management (INM), Integrated Pest
Management (IPM), efficient water
management, etc.
• Promotion of organic farming to meet the
demand of World Market.
• Correcting micronutrient zinc deficiency.
• Reclamation of Problematic soils to ƒ Improving soil health through soil test
restore the productivity. based fertilizer recommendations,
• Natural Resource Management through encouraging green manuring, vermi
watershed approach for agricultural land compost, reclamation of problematic soils
development and environmental stability. and correction of micro nutrient
• Calamity Management in the event of deficiencies.
drought, floods, hailstorms etc. ƒ Facilitate availability of credit to more
• Promoting cultivation of low risk and low number of non-loanee farmers and tenant
cost intensive crops. farmers.
• Farm Mechanization for item and cost Important Activities:
effective farming practices. With an added zeal to the experiences of the
• Promoting Farmers Organization (Rythu year 2008-09, the current Agriculture Year
Mitra Groups) for technical and monetary 2009-10 began well before the Kharif crop
benefits in Agriculture and allied season. The preparatory activities taken up
activities. are:
• Facilitate the farmer to avail Agriculture ‘Saguku Samayatham-2009’ programme:
Credit. For creating awareness about the
• Women Empowerment and gender programmes being implemented by the
balance departments of Agriculture, Animal
• Provide day to day information to farmer Husbandry, Horticulture, Sericulture,
on crop production, input supply, Fisheries, and ANGRAU, ‘Saguku
marketing through Internet Samayatham programme’ was organized
Services.(AGRISNET) during Kharif (27.4.09 to 10.5.2009) and
Increasing the productivity levels: Rabi (5.10.2009 to 13.10.2009) in every
ƒ Increasing crop productivity by village of the State.
developing farming situation based Achievements during the Saguku
production plans. Samayatham 2009 - Kharif
ƒ Dissemination of improved technologies • 31,867 villages were visited in the
through effective extension out-reach. Saguku Samayatham programme.
ƒ Ensuring availability of quality • 11,19,714 Men and 2,24,710 women
Agricultural inputs. have participated.
ƒ Reduce cost of production by educating • 3,32,188 Soil Samples were collected.
the farmers on improved crop • 81,174 Live Models were exhibited.
management practices like Integrated • 61,294 Live Demonstrations were
Nutrient Management (INM), Integrated demonstrated.
Pest Management (IPM), and Water Achievements during the Saguku
Management (WM) and Post Harvest Samayatham 2009 - Rabi
Technologies (PHT). • 17,555 villages were visited in the
ƒ Providing improved Agricultural Saguku Samayatham programme.
implements and farm machinery for • 5,37,251 Men and 1,00,652 women have
reducing the cost of cultivation. participated.
ƒ Crop diversification programme • 37,195 Soil Samples were collected.
ƒ Assist the farmers in the event of natural
• 10,731 Live Models were exhibited.
calamities like droughts, floods and
• 9,350 Live Demonstrations were
cyclones for providing relief and inputs
demonstrated.
for alternate cropping programmes.
Monthly workshop: Monthly workshops
ƒ Sustainable dry land agriculture
are being held regularly at identified research
development by implementing National
stations of ANGRAU in all districts, wherein
Watershed Development Project for
departmental officers and scientists of
Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA).
ANGRAU discuss and formulate production

25
recommendations for ensuing one month.
These workshops are also serving as in-
service orientation for middle and senior
level officers of the Department.
Zonal Research – Extension advisory
Council Meeting (ZREAC): ZREACs for
Kharif and Rabi are organized in all nine
agro-climatic zones of the State. During these
meetings, officers from Head Office and
JDAs are deputed and Production problems
are being reviewed. Research gaps for the
zones as a whole and production
recommendations for major crops are
provided to the departmental officers.
Research priorities are finalized.
Staff Trainings: Trainings for senior and
middle level officers have been organized in
specialized areas in various Government of
India Institutes located in the country as well
as in ANGRAU. Grassroot level extension
workers like Agricultural Officers are trained
at State Government institutes like SAMETI,
Dr. MCR. HRD Institute, WALAMTARI,
etc. Officers are being deputed to EEI /
MANAGE /NPPTI /DRR/ DOR/CRIDA/
NAARM and other GOI institutes
Training Programmes to farmers:
Under the farmers training programmes,
trainings on IPM, INM, Organic Farming,
and SRI cultivation are being conducted to
provide Training and Transfer of technology
of IPM/INM/ICM SRI Technology.
‘Padipantalu’
The Padipantalu monthly Telugu magazine is
being printed and published every month for
updating the knowledge of farming
community. One lakh number of copies are
being printed and distributed every month to
Adarsha Rythus, Agriculture and allied
department field functionaries apart from
supplying to the public representatives.
The magazine covers latest technical
information on Agriculture and allied
departments like Animal Husbandry,
Horticulture, Sericulture, Fisheries, Transco,
Irrigation, Banking, Sugar etc., The
information is contributed by the concerned
Departments and also from Scientists of
Agriculture, Horticulture and Animal
Husbandry Universities.
26
The articles covered in the magazine include
success stories of the farming community and
the information regarding special meetings,
seminars, exhibitions being organized by
Agriculture and allied departments.
The magazine will help the Adarsha Rythus
and other extension field staff to disseminate
the latest technical knowledge to the farmers
and guide them in increasing the productivity
and there by improving their economic
status.
Soil Testing:
For optimal soil productivity, soil sampling
and soil testing program is organized in a
systematic manner to evaluate the fertility
status and to identify the soil problems
(Salinity/ Sodality) if any to improve fertility
and reclaim the problematic soils.
There are 22 District Soil Testing Labs
(STLs), 2 Regional Soil Testing Labs and 4
Mobile Soil Testing Labs and 57 Mini Soil
Testing Labs located at Agricultural Market
Committees (AMC) in the State.
The departmental Soil Testing Laboratories
are equipped to analyse the Organic Carbon
(OC) (index of nitrogen content),
phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc, Iron, Copper,
Manganese, Salinity (EC) and alkalinity
(pH). The mobile Soil Testing Laboratories
and AMC mini laboratories however analyse
only organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium,
EC and pH. The results of the soil analysis
will be communicated to the respective
farmers in the shape of soil health cards. The
soil health cards contain the information on
the soil fertility status showing the available
nutrient. Based on the available nutrients,
fertilizer recommendations are given in the
card for the crop to be grown by the farmer.
The target and achievements for the year
2009-10 are shown in Table 5.1.
Table - 5.1
Soil Testing
Item Annual Achievement
Target (upto Sept. ‘09)
Macronutrients 3,90,000 3,96,273
ECand pH
Micronutrients 1,22,995 10,947
Water samples 11,070 8,542
Source: Agriculture Department
Establishment of District Soil Testing under subsidy, out of which 13.14 lakh qtls
Laboratories (STLs) under Single Window of seed was distributed with a subsidy value
Diagnostic Scheme: of Rs.153.23 Crores. Area covered under
The Soil Testing Labs are strengthened for High Yielding Varieties is given in Annexure
seed testing and fertilizers testing to analyse 5.11
service samples in the STLs where notified Rabi 2009-10: During Rabi 2009-10, it is
labs are not available. 19 STLs for Seed planned to distribute 16.66 lakh qtls of seed.
Testing and 17 STLs for Fertilizer Testing Out of this, 11.08 lakh qtls have been
are strengthened. These labs take up the positioned and 8.65 lakh qtls of seed has
analysis of seed samples and fertilizer been distributed with a subsidy value of Rs.
samples other than law enforcement samples. 152.97 Crores.
The farmers, dealers, producers or any person Fertilizer Policy Initiatives:
interested can know the status of seed lots Total Fertilizer consumption during 2008-09
and fertilizer. Achievements under Single in terms nutrients (N, P, K) was 30.70 Lakh
Window Diagnostic Scheme are shown in Metric Tonnes(LMTs) (16.05 LMTs during
Table 5.2. Kharif and 14.65 LMTs during Rabi). The
Nutrient-wise consumption was 17.20 LMTs
Table - 5.2 of N, 8.52 LMTs of P and 4.98 LMTs of K.
Single Window Diagnostic Scheme Product wise plan and consumption during
Item Target Achievement Kharif 2009 and Projections and Estimated
(upto Sept. ‘09) consumption during Rabi 2009-10 are shown
Seed Samples 13,920 6,882 in Table 5.3:
(No.) Table - 5.3
Fertilizer 1,700 186 Fertilizer Consumption 2009-10 (in LMTs)
Samples (No.) Total
Kharif 2009 Rabi 2009-10 Consu
Source: Agriculture Department Product Projec Cons Proje Cons mption
tion umpti ction umpti (Estima
te)
AGRISNET (For Soil Testing Program) on on
The soil analysis data is being uploaded on Urea 13.50 11.92 14.00 12.30 24.22
DAP 5.00 5.77 4.75 3.80 9.57
internet. The results of the soil samples can
MOP 3.25 2.25 3.35 3.30 5.55
be down loaded by the farmers or any officer SSP 1.50 1.07 1.50 0.95 2.02
by generating the soil health card using the Compl
unique token number. 11.50 8.38 9.00 8.43 16.81
exes
Others 1.00 0.77 1.25 0.75 1.52
National Project on Management of Soil Total 35.75 30.16 33.85 29.53 59.69
Health and Fertility: Source: Agriculture Department
“National Project on Management of Soil
Health and Fertility” for strengthening Soil Consumption of fertilizers is given in
Testing facilities, promotion of Integrated Annexure 5.12 and 5.13.
Nutrient Management and strengthening of
Fertilizer Quality Control laboratories has Pesticides
been taken up in the state. Under this The pesticide consumption has been
programme, establishment of (5) new Static declining gradually by motivating the
Soil Testing Laboratories, (3) new Mobile farmers through Polambadi programmes to
Soil Testing Laboratories and strengthening follow Integrated Pest Management
of (11) existing Soil Testing Laboratories is practices, need based pesticide application,
in progress. use of bio-agents and also cultivation
Bt.cotton varieties. Total pesticide
Subsidy Seed Distribution: consumption in the state is 226 M.T.s of
Kharif 2009: During Kharif 2009, 17lakh active ingredient during 2009-10 i.e., April to
qtls of seed was planned for distribution Sept., 2009 as shown in Table 5.4.

27
 Table - 5.4 intensifying the programme for having
Utilization of Pesticides optimal farm productivity in the country. The
( M.Ts ) achievements under Farm Mechanization
scheme are shown in Table 5.5.
Pesticide
Consumption Table - 5.5
Year
(Active Farm Mechanization
ingredient) (Rs. Lakhs)
2001-02 3,850 Year Beneficiaries Subsidy
2002-03 3,401 (No) Expenditure
2003-04 2,333 2000-01 6,590 253.38
2004-05 2,781 2001-02 9,342 333.41
2005-06 1,918 2002-03 47,390 596.35
2006-07 1,394 2003-04 50,000 1,664.50
2007-08 1,541 2004-05 47,568 2,290.94
2008-09 1,381 2005-06 73,140 3,625.34
2009-10 (up to 2006-07 92,929 5,230.66
Sept.2009) 226 2007-08 70,306 4,349.15
Source: Agriculture Department 2008-09 1,79,312 10,720.26
2009-10 84,466 3,905.00
Farm Mechanization Scheme, 2009-10: (upto
Mechanization has been well received the Dec,09 )
world over as one of the important elements Source: Agriculture Department
of modernization of agriculture. It is now
Crop Insurance
recognized that availability of mechanical
National Agriculture Insurance Scheme
power and improved equipment has enabled
(NAIS) was introduced in the state from
many developed countries in the world to
Kharif 2000 season onwards with
achieve high levels of productivity.
involvement of Agriculture Department,
In the state, majority of the farming
Agriculture Insurance Co. (Implementation
community is still lagging behind in the
Agency) and Directorate of Economics and
knowledge of latest developments in Farm
Statistics.
Mechanization and in adopting modern day
Objectives:-
farming technology. However, Farm
Mechanization is gaining importance for • To provide a measure of financial support
carrying out various farm activities to the farmers in the event of crop failure
effectively in less time with less effort. This due to drought, cyclone and incidence of
would result in efficiency and timeliness in pest and diseases etc.
the field operations, reduction in the cost of • To restore the credit eligibility of a
cultivation and improvement in the quality of farmer after a crop failure for the next
produce for better marketability. season.
The machinery bearing ISI numbers are • To encourage the farmers to adopt
being considered for ensuring quality in progressive farming practices, high value
equipment. Depending on the types of crops inputs and higher technology in
grown, soil conditions, local situations and Agriculture.
requirements in the districts, the department • To help stabilize farm incomes,
is contemplating to distribute various farm particularly in disaster years.
machinery and implements on 50% subsidy Crops Covered:-
with a maximum limit of Rs.45,000/- per During Kharif 2009, 20 crops are notified
unit. viz., Paddy, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Blackgram,
At the end of XI Five Year Plan, Farm Power Greengram, Redgram, Soyabean,
Utility (farm power in KW/Ha) can be Groundnut(I), Groundnut (UI), Sunflower,
improved to the level of 4.50 KW/Ha by Castor, Sugarcane(P), Sugarcane(R),

28
Cotton(I), Cotton(UI), Chillies(I), Chillies 4 East Godavari Paddy
(UI), Banana and Turmeric. 5 West Godavari Paddy
During 2009-10 Rabi, 11 crops are notified 6 Krishna Paddy
viz. Paddy, Jowar (UI), Maize, Blackgram, 7 Guntur Paddy
Greengram, Bengalgram, Groundnut, 8 Prakasam Paddy
Sunflower, Red chillies, Onion and Mango. 9 Nellore Paddy
Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme 10 Chittoor Groundnut (UI)
(WBCIS): Apart from National Agriculture 11 Anantapur Groundnut (UI)
Insurance Scheme (NAIS) for the first time 12 Kadapa Groundnut (UI)
in the State, the Government have issued 13 Kurnool Groundnut (UI)
notification orders for implementation of the 14 Rangareddy Maize
“Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme” 15 Mahabubnagar Maize
(WBCIS) during Kharif 2009 season on 16 Medak Maize
Red Chilly Crop in Guntur District on Pilot 17 Nizamabad Maize
basis and it is being implemented 18 Nalgonda Paddy
successfully. 19 Warangal Paddy
During Rabi 2009-10 season, Corriander crop 20 Khammam Paddy
is notified on Pilot basis under Weather 21 Karimnagar Paddy
Based Crop Insurance Scheme in Adilabad, 22 Adilabad Soyabean
Kadapa, Kurnool and Prakasam Districts. Source: Agriculture Department
Farmers Covered
Crop Insurance is compulsory for all Loanee Crop wise premium rates under the insurance
Farmers and voluntary for Non-Loanee during Kharif 2009 are shown in Table 5.7.
Farmers. 10% subsidy allowed on premium
to small and marginal farmers. Table - 5.7
Cropwise Premium Rates under Crop
Village as Insurance Unit Insurance during Kharif, 2009
For providing more benefit to the farming Sl. % of
community particularly small and marginal Crop
No premium
farmers for the first time in the country, the 1 Rice 2.50
Government of Andhra Pradesh started 2 Jowar 2.50
Village as Insurance Unit on Pilot basis
3 Bajra 3.50
during Kharif 2005 in five districts and
4 Maize 2.50
continued during Kharif 2006. Pilot Project
5 Blackgram 2.50
extended to 10 districts during Kharif 2007.
The Government of Andhra Pradesh is 6 Greengram 2.50
implementing Village as Insurance Unit 7 Redgram 2.50
under N.A.I.S. in the 22 Districts from Kharif 8 Groundnut ( I ) 3.50
2008 season with one major crop, keeping in 9 Groundnut (UI) 3.50
view the benefit to the farming community. 10 Castor 3.50
Details are shown in Table 5.6. 11 Soyabean 1.70
12 Sunflower 3.50
Table - 5.6 13 Sugarcane ( P ) 2.95
District wise Crop selected under 14 Sugarcane ( R ) 1.85
“Village as Insurance Unit” Scheme for 15 Cotton ( I ) 3.80
Kharif, 2009 16 Cotton (UI) 7.00
Sl.No District Crop 17 Chillies ( I ) 4.35
1 Srikakulam Paddy 18 Chillies (UI) 6.45
2 Vizianagaram Paddy 19 Banana 6.10
3 Visakhapatnam Paddy 20 Turmeric 6.55
Source: Agriculture Department

29
Crop wise premium rates under the insurance Recognizing this, the Government has
during Rabi 2009-10 are shown in Table introduced Pavala Vaddi Scheme (at 3%
5.8. interest) on crop loans as an interest incentive
Table - 5.8 for all the loanee farmers who have repaid
Cropwise Premium Rates under Crop the crop loans within due date, eventually
Insurance during Rabi,2009-10 reducing their financial burden. The interest
Sl. Crop % of charged by banks, over and above 3% per
No. Premium annum shall be reimbursed to the loanee
1 Rice 2.00 farmers by the State Government. The
2 Jowar (UI) 2.00 Scheme shall be applicable to all those
3 Maize 2.00 farmers who have obtained short term
production credit (Crop loan) from scheduled
4 Blackgram 2.00 commercial banks, cooperative and regional
5 Greengram 2.00 rural banks in the state starting from Kharif
6 Bengalgram 2.00 2008.
As per the orders issued in Nov. 08, the
7 Groundnut 2.00 farmers will get the reimbursement as
8 Sunflower 2.00 follows:
9 Red chillies 6.30
1. Farmers repaying in December, 2008 will
get 4% reimbursement in January,2009.
10 Onion 3.25 2. Farmers repaying in January, 2009 will
11 Mango 10.50 get 4% reimbursement in February,2009.
3. Farmers repaying in February, 2009 will
Source: Agriculture Department get 4% reimbursement in March, 2009.
NAIS particulars are given in Annexure 5.14. 4. Farmers repaying in March, 2009 will get
Agricultural Credit, 2009-10: The target 4% reimbursement in 2009-2010.
under agricultural credit as per the annual Government have extended repayment period
credit plan 2009-10 was Rs.32,500 crores. for the crop loans of Kharif - 2008 upto
This consists of Rs.23,500 crores towards 31-08-09 and for Rabi-2008 loans upto 30-
crop loans and Rs.9000 crores towards 09-09.
agriculture term loans. An amount of Rs.25.20 crores was
The Agricultural credit disbursements as on reimbursed under Pavala Vaddi Scheme and
Kharif 2009 were Rs.19,821 crores. Crop 3,49,663 farmers were benefited.
loans disbursed were Rs.14,407 crores and Agricultural Debt Waiver and Debt Relief
Agriculture term loans were Rs.5,414 crores. Scheme, 2008
The Agricultural credit disbursements during
• The Govt. of India announced Agricultural
Rabi, 2009 as on 23.12.09 are Rs.2,749
Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme in
crores. Crop loans disbursed were Rs.2,184
the Union budget for the year 2008 – 09.
crores and Agriculture term loans were
• Under this scheme, loans of small and
Rs.565 crores.
marginal farmers with land holdings upto
Pavala Vaddi Scheme on Crop Loans: 5 acres which were overdue as on 31-12-
Lending crop loans to the farmers at an 2007 and remaining unpaid till 29-02-08
affordable interest rate through Institutional were totally waived.
finance has been the priority of the • 25% waiver was provided to other farmers
Government. In this process, the Government with more than 5 acres of land hold.
of India has introduced a scheme of 2% • All Banks in the state provided a benefit
subvention to bring down the interest rate to of Rs.11,354 crores to 63.40 lakhs
7% p.a. There has been a consistent increase farmers, out of which cooperatives
in credit delivery through institutional provided the benefit of Rs.4,099.64 crores
finance, yet a large number of farmers are to 24 lakhs farmers in the state.
still in the fold of private finance.

30
Credit Incentive scheme of GOAP @
Rs.5000/- per farmer who were not
benefitted under GOI Debt waiver
scheme, 2008.
• Under the GOI Debt Waiver and Debt
Relief scheme, 63.40 lakh agricultural loan
accounts got benefitted in the State.
• However, an estimated 32 lakh farmers,
who availed crop loans, were deprived of
any benefit under the scheme, as they had
already repaid the loans by the date of
announcement of GOI Debt Waiver scheme
on 29-02-08.
• State Government have therefore decided
to provide an “incentive” to the farmers
who have repaid their “Crop Loans” in time
under ‘Rythu Protsahaka Utsavaalu’. The
Incentive will be extended by way of credit
to their crop loan account as per the
following terms and conditions.
o Only crop loan borrowers (excluding
Agricultural Gold Loan and Agricultural
Term Loan Borrowers) are eligible for
the incentive under the scheme.
o The farmer borrower should not have got
any benefit under “Debt Waiver/Relief
Scheme,2008” of the Government of
India.
o In respect of multiple loans, joint loans,
where benefits have accrued under the
Government of India Scheme, the
farmer(s) become ineligible under the
present scheme.
o The farmers will get reimbursement of
the actual amount repaid to the bank or
Rs.5,000/- which ever is less.
o An amount of Rs.1,650 crores was
provided to 32 lakh farmers under Credit
Incentive Scheme.
Disbursement of agricultural credit
particulars are given in Annexure 5.15.
Farm Women Empowerment Programme
State Government has established Gender
Cell with the following objectives for Farm
Women Empowerment.
Objectives:
• Strengthen the institutional capacity of
the department to address more effecting
needs of Farm Women.
• Improve the current knowledge and
support services needed to farm women.
31
• Increase the understanding and awareness
of Gender factors in Agriculture and
Rural Development among Extension
Field Functionaries.
• Promote the holistic development of
marginalized farm women by exposing
them to the relevant technologies.
• Help the women to improve their income
levels to lead a quality life.
Farm Equipment – Women Groups:-
Seven Neem Seed Pulverizes and one
Multicrop Thresher have been provided to
the selected farm women groups from each
district to encourage and popularize Gender
friendly Equipment, to the farm women duly
giving preference to farm Women involved
in women Polambadi.
Farm women trainings: Trainings are
being organised for over 16,700 Farm
Women at mandal and district level.
Adarsha Rythu
The main objective behind the identification
of Adarsha Rythus is to introduce a nodal
functionary between the farmers and the
extension staff of agriculture and other line
departments to help in bridging the gap
between the Research and the Extension.
Adarsha Rythu will assist the extension staff
in implementation of the schemes like Polam
Badi, Seed Village Programme,
Vermicompost, Organic farming, RKVY,
NFSM, NHM, ATMA, Crop Insurance,
Credit, Pasukranti, Jeevakranthi and other
Central and State Schemes including
enumeration during natural calamities.
Adarsha Rythus are also facilitating the
activities of allied departments i.e Animal
Husbandry, Horticulture, Sericulture, Sugars,
Irrigation, Marketing, Fisheries, Revenue,
Rural Development, A.P.Transco and Banks.
To strengthen the extension Services 49,161
Adarsha Rythus were deployed as against the
target of 50,000 in the state. For every 200 to
250 farm holdings, one Adarsha Rythu is
deployed. Adarsha Rythus are involved in
day to day developments with regard to
schemes, technology, input availability with
subsidy if any and the procedures to avail the
same, broad regulatory mechanism for inputs
and for steps to be taken in case of failure of
a particular input etc. Adarsha Rythus are
actively involved in mobilizing the farmers in Concept:
special campaigns like Rythu Chaitanya Empowering the farmers to take economical
Yatra, Rythu Sadassu, Prajapatham and decisions by adopting practices of Integrated
Saguku Samayatham. Crop Management.
On 3rd Monday of every month a meeting In Polam badi, farmers meet weekly during a
with Adarsha Rythus and other Line full cropping season to conduct experiments
departmental officers will be organized by and to monitor and discuss crop management
MAO in the Mandal headquarters to discuss interventions. The four key principles are
various problems arising at field level. The Principles :
Padipantalu magazine and honorarium are 1. Grow a healthy crop
being distributed to the Adarsha Rythus on 2. Conserve natural enemies
the same day. 3. Observe field weekly
On 1st Saturday of every month, the 4. Farmers understand ecology as experts in
Agricultural Officer and other line their own fields.
departmental officers are visiting the fields, Mandate:
demonstrations sites etc. along with Adarsha It is programmed to organize one polam badi
Rythus in at least 2-3 villages. by ADA(R) in the division, two / three polam
Adarsha Rythus are maintaining the list of badi by MAO and one polam badi by AEO
200-250 farmer holdings allotted to him/her in the mandal during 2009-10. Polam badi
and the registers with the information on the has been taken up on Paddy, Maize, Pulses,
type of soils, extent of crops grown, number Oil seeds, Cotton and Coarse cereals etc. The
of sheep, cows, fish ponds, particulars of the facilitators (ADAs / MAOs / AEOs) were
credit availment etc., on each farm holding. imparted orientation training before
An amount of Rs.1,000/- per month will be commencement of the season.
provided towards honorarium to each
Adarsha Rythu. Polam Badi at a glance during the year 2009-
The work of Adarsha Rythus was 10 is shown in Table 5.9.
categorized. Adarsha Rythus whose
performance was categorized as poor were Table - 5.9
removed. As such 40,864 Adarsha Rythus Polam Badi
are working. Farmers for Training
All the Adarsha Rythus were given training Kharif Rabi
Crop Total
at divisional level on schemes and latest 2009 2009-10
Tar Ac Tar Ac Tar
technologies of Agriculture and allied get h. get h. get
Ach.
departments for 5 days from 15-11-09 to 15-
Rice 2943 1970 1360 687 4303 2657
12-09. Adarsha Rythu Karadeepika (study
material on Agriculture and allied Maize 170 46 292 143 462 189

departments) was distributed to all Adarsha Pulses 208 102 460 319 668 421
Rythus. Oil
seeds 802 462 881 579 1683 1041
Polam Badi Programme Cotton 629 431 629 431
POLAM BADI (Farmers Field School) is
Others 55 52 55 52
being implemented to inculcate use of eco-
friendly measures(bio-agents and bio- Total 4807 3063 2993 1728 7800 4791
No.of
pesticides ) to control crop pests which in
farmers 144210 91890 89790 51840
turn reduce cost of cultivation and improve to be
234000 143730

the quality of produce, resulting in high trained

market price and good returns. It also ensures Source: Agriculture Department
soil health.

32
Distribution of Literature: The required
literature on polam badi in rice, maize,
redgram, groundnut, castor, sunflower, and
cotton are being distributed to the polam badi
farmers.
Other Initiatives:
World Trade Organization (WTO)Cell:
The primary objective of the cell is to create
awareness and build capacities among
farmers and departmental officers about the
implications of the new global trade regime
for the agricultural sector of the state in
particular and the country in general.
Important activities taken up during 2009-10,
by the WTO Cell include – Officers training
on Market Intelligence, conducting seminars,
Research studies/Projects on Inventory of
Food Safety regulations for export markets of
AP, Product market identification,
Digitization of WTO aspects through
Doordarshan (DD) in role play mode,
Regular documentation and processing for
International Property Rights – obtaining
Geographical Indication (G.I.) and
Intellectual Patent etc.
Agriculture Technology Management
Agency (ATMA):-
Government of India have introduced the
Extension Reforms scheme (ATMA) in all
the development districts covering all states
and Union territories of India from 1st June,
2005 in phased manner. As a part of this
scheme, now the entire state of Andhra
Pradesh except Hyderabad Urban district is
covered under ATMA with 90:10 central and
state share.
Objectives of the Programme:
• To develop an efficient, effective,
demand driven, research integrated and
financially sustainable public extension
system
• To revitalize the Agricultural technology
Generation Assessment refinement and
Dissemination Systems
• Reforming Public Sector Extension.
Promoting private sector to effectively
complement, supplement and wherever
possible to substitute public extension.
• Mainstreaming Gender Concerns in
Extension.
33
• Capacity Building/ Skill up-gradation of
farmers and extension functionaries.
• Increase the Quality and Type of
Technologies being disseminated by the
Extension System.
• Strengthen Research-Extension-Farmer
(R-E-F) Linkages
• Benefits of the Program:
• Well Integrated technology development
and transfer system
• Decentralized decision-making
• Financially sustainable extension system
• Bottom-up Planning
• Increased Use of Information Technology
• Emphasis on In-Service Training
• Developing New Public-Private
Partnerships
• Strengthening Key Institutions
• Broad based Extension Delivery
Guidelines of the Program:
“Support to State Extension Programmes for
Extension Reforms (ATMA)” is the main
scheme to operationalize agricultural
extension reforms across the country.
Funding support shall be provided to the
State for undertaking extension reforms
within the broad purview of the Policy
Framework for Agriculture Extension
(PFAE), complying with its key areas/norms,
and shall be operated based on Extension
Work Plans prepared by the State. The States
shall propose the new institutional
arrangements, like ATMA, they intend to put
in place in the First Work Plan, or even
earlier, to be submitted by them to the DAC
for approval. This agency will have the
responsibility of implementing the extension
reforms at district level.
Agricultural Technology Management
Agency (ATMA), a district level body, is an
autonomous institution with participation of
all the key stakeholders involved in
agricultural activities for sustainable
agricultural development. ATMA has the
main responsibility of all the technology
dissemination activities at the district level.
It has linkages with all the line departments,
research organizations, non-governmental
organizations and agencies associated with
agricultural development in the district with a
substantial representation of farmer
organizations. Research and extension units
within the district, such as KVKs, ZRSs,
departments of Agriculture, Horticulture,
Animal Husbandry, Fisheries, Sericulture,
Marketing, etc., are constituent members.
In order to provide needed HRD support in
innovative areas of extension delivery, a
State Agricultural Management and
Extension Training Institute (SAMETI) has
been established.
Strategic Research and Extension Plan
(SREP) is prepared through participatory
methodologies such as Participatory Rural
Appraisal (PRA) involving all the
stakeholders and farmers. It contains detailed
analysis of all the information on existing
farming systems in the district and research –
extension gaps required to be filled-up. It
also prioritizes the research – extension
strategies within the district. It becomes the
basis for development of work plans at block/
district level.
Based on the research-extension strategies
given in the SREPs, block/ district level
plans for the year 2009-10 were developed
by all the ATMA districts. The consolidated
State Extension Work Plan (SEWP) for the
year 2009-10 was developed and submitted
to the GOI with an outlay of Rs.5,605.66
lakhs.
GOI has given administrative approval for
Rs.2,861.74 lakhs for the year 2009-10. An
amount of Rs.1,287.89 lakhs has been
utilized upto November,09 for
implementation of need based activities like
farmer trainings, demos, exposure visits,
kisan melas, field days, farmer scientist
interaction etc. Nearly 2.53 lakh
beneficiaries were covered under different
farm oriented activities. An amount of Rs.
17.91 crores has been spent during 2006-07
to 2008-09.
Major Activities organized during 2009-
10:
• 232 Awareness camps were organized to
1,77,661 farmers selected under 6,862
Farm Schools and Farmer Field Schools
during the month of June 2009.
• Season Long Training Programme on
Farm schools/Farmer Field Schools were
34
organized to the newly recruited ADAs/
AOs/ AEOs.
• Conducted 271 Farm Schools exclusively
at Sub Divisional level during Kharif and
Rabi.
• Conducted Adarsha Rythu training
programmes to 41059 Adarsharythus.
• Proposals for establishment of
Community Radio Station at Undi
Village of West Godavari District by the
RMG submitted to GOI.
• Filed oriented innovative activities like
Organic Cultivation of Vegetables and
with market linkage, single bud
plantation in Sugarcane, Intercropping of
Soybean in Cotton, Direct seeding of
paddy, Promotion of Drought Resistant
Fodder varieties, clean Milk production
and backyard poultry, Promotion of high
yielding Mulberry varieties V1, S-36, S-
30 and Quality seed production of Fish
and awareness on optimum usage of
antibiotics in Aquaculture have been
taken up during the year 2009-10.
Government of India Initiatives:
Government of India have announced a
Special Rehabilitation Package for the 16
Suicide Prone Districts of Andhra Pradesh
for a sum of Rs.9,650.55 crores and now this
package has been proposed to be extended
for two more years i.e. for 2009-10 and 2010-
11 for which Rs.4,135.92 crores proposals
have been submitted for sanction. The
districts covered in the package are as
follows:
1. Kurnool 9. Guntur
2. Prakasam 10. Nellore
3. Adilabad 11. Medak
4. Chittoor 12. Mahabubnagar
5. Anantapur 13. Nalgonda
6. Kadapa 14. Karimnagar
7. Nizamabad 15. Khammam
8. Rangareddy 16. Warangal
Implementation Mechanism:
State and district level committees with Chief
Secretary and District Collector as
Chairperson at state and district level
respectively have been constituted for
effective supervision and monitoring of
implementation mechanism. An amount of
Rs.8,745.37 crores has been spent so far.
Status of Implementation of Package in
Agriculture Sector:
Seed Replacement:
The quality seed would be instrumental in
harvesting higher yield, enabling to get
higher return of income to farmers. The seed
replacement under the Package is being
implemented. The achievement up to 31-3-
2009 is Rs. 470.18 Crores by providing 50%
subsidy on seed.
Raashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY):
RKVY is one of the flag ship programs of
Govt. of India with 100% central aid and
being implemented with an aim to achieve
4% annual growth rate in the Agriculture and
Allied sectors during XI five year plan.
Comprehensive District Agriculture Plans (C
–DAPs) for 22 Districts of Andhra Pradesh
were prepared duly integrating Agriculture
and Allied sectors and also prepared State
Agriculture Plan (SAP) of Andhra Pradesh
for XI five year plan period. The RKVY is
being implemented during 2009-10 with an
outlay of Rs.410.00 crores involving all the
line departments’ viz., Agriculture,
ANGRAU, Horticulture, A.P. Horticultural
University, Animal Husbandry, Dairy
Development, Fisheries, and S.V. Veterinary
University. So far, Rs.278.12 crores is
incurred under RKVY.
National Food Security Mission (NFSM):
• National Development Council (NDC) in
its 53rd meeting held on 29th May 2007
adopted a resolution to launch a Food
Security Mission on Rice, Wheat and
Pulses to increase production in the
country.
• In compliance to the above, the Mission
is under implementation for Rice and
Pulses crops from Rabi 2007-08 onwards
in Andhra Pradesh i.e. National Food
Security Mission-Rice and National Food
Security Mission-Pulses aiming to
increase production and productivity of
Rice and pulses on sustainable basis.
The following districts are identified for
implementation of National Food Security
Mission- Rice and Pulses.
National Food Security Mission-Rice
(11 districts): Srikakulam, Vizianagaram,
35
Visakhapatnam, Krishna, Guntur, Nellore,
Medak, Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda,
Khammam and Adilabad.
National Food Security Mission – Pulses:
(14 districts): Srikakulam, East Godavari,
Krishna, Guntur, Prakasam, Kurnool,
Kadapa, Ananthapur, Nizamabad,
Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda, Warangal,
Khammam and Adilabad.
An amount of Rs.14,223.111 lakhs is
allocated based on the proposals submitted
for implementation of NFSM in AP during
2009-10. An amount of Rs.11,378.49 lakhs
is available including releases and
revalidated unspent balances and Rs.7,965.23
lakhs expenditure is incurred upto Nov.2009.
***
COOPERATION
5.2 In order to improve the standards of
living in the rural areas of the state within a
democratic and social frame work, the
facilitator role played by Cooperative
institutions have been extremely
instrumental. The State Co-operative
department which primarily deals with
promotion of Co-operatives and
administering Laws governing Co-operative
societies strives to ensure proper reach of
credit to member farmers for enhancing
agriculture production and eradicating rural
poverty. The Co-operation department
celebrates Co-operation week every year
form 14th November for highlighting various
achievements and promoting comprehensive
understanding of the principles of co-
operation and related laws.
Department of Co-operation is mainly dealing
with promotion of co-operatives and
administering co-operative laws governing the
Co-operative Societies. The Department
celebrates cooperative week every year
starting from November 14th to promote better
understanding of the principles and
philosophy duly highlighting achievements of
various sectors of the Co-operative movement.
Profile of Cooperatives societies since 1996-
97 is given in Annexure 5.16.
Rural credit Co-operatives
The Rural credit co-operative structure at
present is a three-tier structure with the
Andhra Pradesh State Co-operative Bank at
the APEX level, District Co-operative Central
banks (DCCBs) at the District Level and
Primary Agricultural Credit Co-operatives at
the Village Level. Kisan Credit Cards have
been issued to 35.25 lakh farmer members of
the PACS. Relief to farmers affected by
drought and other natural disasters has been
provided. The long pending re-organization
of PACS has been completed for making them
viable based on the recommendations of the
taskforce headed by Prof. A.Vaidyanathan
constituted for suggesting the re-organization
of co-operative societies. The PACS have
now been re-organized from 4465 to 2940 in
the State. Total financial assistance received
so far under Revival Package for Rural Coop.
Credit Structure is Rs.1831.71 crores
including of State Government share of Rs.
243.63 crores.
Loaning Programme 2009-10
A.P. State Co-operative Bank has provided
Rs.2788.54 crores (Kharif Rs.2587.35 crores
and Rabi Rs.201.19 crores) as production
credit to the farmers through the Primaries and
the Dist. Central Co-operatives in 2009-
10(upto December,2009). Out of Rs.2,587.35
crores loans disbursed during the kharif under
Seasonal Agrl. Operations (SAO), Oil Seeds
Production Programme (OPP) and
Development of Tribal Programme (DTP) are
Rs.2,327.48 crores, Rs.226.94 crores and
Rs.32.93 crores respectively.
Short Term (Crop) Loans:-
An amount of Rs.2587.35 crores has been
disbursed by the DCCB’s and GCC during
Kharif 09 season.
Long Term Loans:
APCOB achieved a loaning programme of
Rs.68.29 crores for disbursement of Long
term Credit Loans during the year 2009-
10(upto December,2009). Of this, Rs.59.27
crores has been disbursed for various purposes
like Minor Irrigation, Farm Mechanization,
Dairy, Horticulture, A.P. Micro Irrigation
Projects, Fisheries etc.,
Integrated Co-operative Development
Project (ICDP)
36
The National Co-operative Development
Corporation (NCDC), New Delhi has been
providing financial assistance towards
creation of infrastructure facilities like
godown, iron safes, banking counters and
storage facilities etc., to the societies under
ICDP for the development of agricultural and
allied sectors. This project is under
implementation since 1989 in AP. This Project
has already been completed in 7 districts viz.
East Godavari, Nizamabad Phase-I and II,
Krishna, Kurnool, Nalgonda, Chittoor and
Guntur. The project is now under
implementation in 13 districts namely –
Visakhapatnam, Medak, Warangal, Nellore,
Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, West Godavari,
Kadapa, Mahabubnagar, Ananthapur,
Adilabad, Karimnagar and Ranga Reddy
districts. NCDC has sanctioned new projects
in Khammam and Prakasam districts recently
and project works are in progress.
Marketing Co-operative Societies
There are 22 District Co-operative Marketing
Societies (DCMSs), which undertake
procurement of agricultural produce to enable
agriculturists to get the minimum administered
prices for their produce. The DCMSs are
procuring seed on behalf of AP Seeds
Development Corporation and also
undertaking procurement activities on behalf
of MARKFED in addition to carrying local
business activities like sale of Fertilisers,
Seeds, Consumable articles, Stationary items
etc., to various departments located in the
districts. The performance of DCMSs as on
31-03-2009 is given in Table 5.10
Table - 5.10
Performance of District Cooperative
Marketing Societies
(Rs. Lakhs)
Share Capital Contribution 659.26
Business Turn over 21,078.12
Profit 186.22
Accumulated losses 1,054.39
Assets 5,436.68
Liabilities 4,944.68
Source:- Cooperation Department
A.P. MARKFED
APMARKFED is engaged in supplying
agricultural inputs, cattle feed, fertilisers,
gypsum, provisions and other requirements to
Societies, Government hostels and other
private run institutions. Subsequent to
introduction of single window system in the
state in 1987, MARKFED is offering its
services through PACS at the primary level
and DCMS in the district level. It undertakes
procurement of agricultural produce like
cereals and grams from farmers under
minimum support price / market intervention
scheme. It is also procuring other
commodities under commercial account every
year depending upon the market situation.
During 2009-10(upto Decemeber,2009), it has
achieved a business turnover of Rs.757.61
crores. During 2010-11, it has programmed a
turnover of Rs.1264.00 crores.
AP State Co-Operative Union (APSCU)
APSCU is an apex cooperative institution in
the field of Coop. Education and training.
There are 6 Co-operative Training Centers
(CTCs) working under APSCU offering
Diploma in Co-operative Management and
Computer Applications. APSCU is mainly
providing education to the members,
conducting short term cooperative trainings to
the Staff and member orientation programs to
the needy elected Managing Committee
members of PACS, DCCBs and other
Cooperatives. The Union is also publishing a
Cooperative Monthly Magazine titled
“Sahakara Samacharam” for carrying out
publicity and propaganda of Cooperative
Principles and Cooperative Movement in the
State.
Andhra Pradesh State Cooperative Rural
Irrigation Corporation Ltd., (APSCRIC)
The Andhra Pradesh State Cooperative Rural
Irrigation Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad was
registered in 1981 with the objective of
undertaking drilling of in-well bores, surface
bores, lift Irrigation schemes and construction
of check dams etc., relating to Agricultural
sector. Since 1995-96, the Corporation had
diversified its activities and started
undertaking civil works. During the year
2009-10 (up to November) the Corporation
executed works to a tune of Rupees Eight
crores. Further, the APSCRIC Ltd. is under
Reform Option Study programme and efforts
are in process to restructure the Corporation.
37
Rural Electricity Supply Cooperative
Societies (RESCOs)
The four RESCOs working under the
administrative control of the department are
located at Kuppam in Chittoor Dist.,
Anakapalli in Visakhapatnam Dist,
Cheepurupalli in Vizianagaram Dist. and
Siricilla in Karimnagar District. These four
RESCOs cover 663 villages and 801 hamlets.
The objects of RESCOs is to purchase
electricity in bulk from the near by DISCOM
and distribute it to industrial, agricultural and
domestic consumers in its area of operation.
The membership in these societies is about
4,50,000, and their total share capital is
Rs.9.63 Crores. The total number of
connections given as on 31-12-2009 is
4,09,718.
The Hyderabad Agricultural Cooperative
Association Ltd.,(HACA)
The HACA was registered on 01.07.1949 in
the State under the Multi State Coop. Societies
Act, with the main object of serving the
agricultural farmers through PACS as its
members. The objectives of HACA include
supply of quality seeds like soybean,
groundnut, paddy, castor, red gram.,
fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural
inputs, supply of rice, pulses, oils and other
consumer items such as note books and
crackers etc. It undertakes supply of
fertilizers, pesticides and other agriculture
inputs through its own branches, HACA
Rythu Seva Kendram located at HACA
Bhavan and through PACSs at competitive
prices. The business turnover of the HACA is
Rs.138.00 Crores during the year 2009-10(up
to December).
Consumer Cooperative Societies
Consumer Cooperatives have been assigned
important role in the distribution of consumer
articles of good quality at competitive prices
to control price line in both urban and rural
areas in the State. 919 Consumer Cooperative
Societies are functioning in the State with a
turnover of Rs.151.30 crores as on March,
2009. Consumer Cooperative Societies are
also undertaking the distribution of textbooks,
notebooks, cloth, crackers and supply of
various stationary items and provisions to the
Government hostels etc.
Weaker Section Cooperative Societies
Weaker Sections Cooperatives among others
include Labour Contract Cooperative
Societies and Cooperative Joint Farming
societies etc.
a) Labour Contract Cooperative societies
in the State:
Labour Contract Cooperative societies are
functioning in a 3-tier structure as shown
below.
Primary Level 6,714 LCCS with 3,99,321members
District Level 23 District Federations of Labour
Contract Cooperative Societies
State Level Andhra Pradesh State Cooperative
Labour Contract Cooperative
Societies Federation Ltd., Hyderabad
(under liquidation)
b) Cooperative Joint Farming Societies:
Joint Farming Cooperatives are working in a
3-tier structure as shown below:
Primary Level 2,295 CJFS and membership of
1,92,716
District Level 23 District Federations of
Cooperative Joint Farming Societies
State Level Andhra Pradesh State Cooperative
Joint Farming Societies Federation
Ltd., Hyderabad (under liquidation)
The area covered under CJFS is 2,62,776
acres. The area developed so far is 89,567
acres. An area of 1,73,209 acres of land is yet
to be developed.
Cooperative Tribunals
Four Cooperative Tribunals are constituted in
the State. Two Tribunals at Hyderabad and
Vijayawada were constituted in 1993 and two
Tribunals were formed at Warangal and
Visakhapatnam in 2003 to render speedy and
effective justice to the affected parties. These
Tribunals are vested with Appellate
Jurisdiction over the orders passed under
APCS Act, 1964 and with original jurisdiction
over the disputes filed under AP MACS Act,
1995. 1,542 cases are pending in all the four
Cooperative Tribunals for disposals as on 30.
09.2009.
Audit
A separate Audit wing headed by Chief
Auditor is functioning for causing audit of
Cooperative Societies. Every society is
responsible for maintaining its accounts and is
required to get its accounts audited every year.
The audit shall be completed within a period
of six months from the close of Cooperative
year and audit certificate shall be issued
before the end of succeeding Cooperative
year.
***
HORTICULTURE
5.3 Horticulture is emerging as an indispensable
and growing part of Agriculture, offering a
wide range of choices to the farmers for crop
diversification. It also provides ample
opportunities for sustaining large number of
agro-industries which generate substantial
employment opportunities. With Agriculture
and Allied sectors finding alternative ways of
increasing productivity of crops, Horticulture
as a sub-sector is a revelation – showing
remarkable signs of progress in Andhra
Pradesh and benefiting from an impressive
base.
Horticulture sector covering a wide variety of
crops provides ample scope for empowering
the people by generating employment
opportunities, improving economic conditions,
providing nutritional security and plays a vital
role in the transformation of agrarian
economy.
In view of the increased public investment in
Horticulture sector, much needed emphasis is
given to Horticulture development; primarily
targeted at increasing the production and
productivity of horticulture crops,
development of infrastructure for post harvest
management and providing access to domestic
and export markets.
Most significant development in the last
decade is that horticulture has moved from
rural confine to commercial production;
encouraging private sector investment in
production system management. This trend
has led to the adoption of improved
technology, greater commercialization and
professionalism in the management of
production and marketing. This transition
from traditional Horticulture to trade oriented
outlook has brought a perceptible change in
the concept of Horticulture development in the
state. A large number of concessions,
assistance and incentives are given to the
38
growers, processors and exporters by the State
and Central Governments. A.P. Micro Irrigation Project:
Andhra Pradesh Ranks first in production of Micro Irrigation Project was launched in
Spices, second in production of Fruits and November 2003 for encouraging micro
third in production of Flowers in the Country. irrigation, for conservation of precious ground
Andhra Pradesh Ranks first in production of water resources and conserving power. The
Mango, Sweet Orange, Lime/ Lemon, Papaya, objective of the project is effective water
Oil Palm and Tomato, third in production of management (water saving and water use
Tapioca, and fourth in production of Grapes, efficiency) to achieve vertical growth in
Pomegranate, Sapota, Bhendi and Sweet productivity.
Potato. (NHB data base 2008). During 2009-10, an area of 0.54 lakh hectares
Growth: has been brought under drip/sprinkler
The area under Horticulture has increased irrigation so far, as against the target of 1.50
from 3.70 lakh ha. in 1982 to 19.89 lakh ha. lakh hectares.
by 2008-09, The details of area and State Horticulture Mission:
production estimates of horticulture crops The programme aims to provide holistic
during 2007-08 and 2008-09 are given in growth to Horticulture sector through area
Annexure 5.17. based regionally differentiated strategies
The abstract of Area and Production estimates which includes research, technology
of 2008-09 are as shown in Table 5.11 promotion, extension, post harvest
Table - 5.11 management, processing and marketing, in
Horticulture Crops – Area and Production consonance with comparative advantages of
during 2008-09 each region and its diverse agro-climatic
Area Production feature.
Sl.
(in Lakh (in Lakh During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.66.18 crores
No Crop Category
Ha.) MTs) was utilized so far, for implementation of
1 Fruit Crops 9.36 131.65 various activities like establishment of new
2 Plantation Crops 3.86 6.76 gardens, rejuvenation of senile gardens, IPM /
3 Vegetables and INM, HRD, Organic farming, farm
Tuber Crops 3.24 52.67 mechanization and post harvest management
4 Spices 3.03 11.51 etc.
5 Flowers Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY):
0.19 1.25
RKVY aims at achieving 4% annual growth in
6 Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants 0.20 0.77
the agriculture sector during the XI Plan
period, by ensuring a holistic development of
Source: Horticulture Department
Agriculture and allied sectors. During 2009-
10, an amount of Rs.26.04 Crores was utilized
Performance:
so far, for implementation of various activities
Various farmer oriented activities are taken up
like establishment of new gardens,
with focus on adoption of modern
rejuvenation of senile gardens, Integrated
technologies, evolving sustainable farming
Vegetable Production Techniques, IPM/ INM,
practices, and providing Post harvest
HRD, Organic farming, Farm Mechanization
infrastructure facilities apart from providing
and Post Harvest Management etc.
knowledge inputs to the farming community.
Development of Fruits and Plantation
Assistance is provided to the farmers on plant
Crops:
material, seed and inputs, Drip and Sprinkler
A wide variety of tropical and sub-tropical
systems, Pre and Post Harvest infrastructure
fruits like Mango, Citrus, Banana, Sapota,
etc., through the schemes implemented under
Guava etc., and Plantation crops like Cashew,
A.P. Micro Irrigation Project, State
Cocoa and Coconut are grown in the state.
Horticulture Mission, Rastriya Krishi Vikas
Various activities are being taken up under
Yojana, Oil Palm Development Programme
State Horticulture Mission, Rastriya Krishi
and State Plan Programme etc.

39
Vikas Yojana and State Plan programmes to
step up the production and productivity of
fruit crops, through bringing additional area
by diversification from traditional to market
driven Horticulture Crops, providing elite
plant material/ inputs to improve the quality
and productivity, encouraging tissue culture
Banana, rejuvenating old and senile orchards
and creating awareness /educating the farmers
on new technologies evolved in fruit crop
cultivation etc,.
Cashew: Cashew being a remunerative crop,
cultivation is being encouraged on a large
scale with high yielding grafts and
strains/selections for improved productivity.
Coconut: Awareness programmes on crop
diversification, inter cropping and promotion
of vermicompost, value addition etc. are being
conducted for sustainability of Coconut
gardens.
During the year 2009-10, so far an area of
23,261 Ha. is covered under area expansion so
far. Rejuvenation of old and senile orchards
was taken up in an area of 9657 Ha. During
2009-10 clusters were identified and 75 Nos
of D-plots were taken up so far under
Integrated Development of Coconut.
Integrated Vegetable Development:
In order to ensure continuous supply of
Vegetables, Hybrid Vegetable Seed is being
supplied on subsidy basis besides providing
assistance for erection of Permanent and
Semi-permanent Pandals, Shade-houses and
Poly-houses. Providing nutritional security to
rural women and children through supply of
Vegetable Mini Kits. Intensified efforts are
being taken up to sensitize the farmers and
popularize the use of hybrid seed for higher
production and productivity.
During 2009-10, an area of 59,710 hectares
was covered under hybrid vegetable seed
distribution programme. Assistance was also
provided for erection of Permanent and Semi-
Permanent Pandals (1228 Acres) and
encouraging cultivation of Tomato on Trellies
(411 Acres). So far, a total of 2,23,400
Vegetable Mini Kits were distributed to
beneficiaries.
Spices: The need of the hour is effective
transfer of technology to the progressive
farmers. Quality plant material and other post
40
harvest infrastructure requirements have been
supplied to reduce the post harvest losses.
During 2009-10, an area of 527 hectares was
covered under area expansion.
Floriculture: Floriculture sector has been
identified as one of the focus segments of
Horticulture. Due to growing demand for
flowers in domestic and export market, Flower
cultivation is a profitable prospect for the
farmers.
During 2009-10, Green house cultivation has
been taken up in 2,44,000 Sq mts.( includes
Green Houses-13,000Sq.Mtrs, Shadents-
1,91,000Sq.Mtrs and Mulching-
40,000Sq.Mtrs) for production of high value
flowers like H.T.Roses, carnations, gerbera,
anthurium, etc., under controlled conditions
with an objective to explore the export
potential.
Landscape and Ornamental Gardening:
With a view to transform the urban
environment into pollution free and pleasant
surroundings, the Department is taking up
revitalization of Public Gardens with an aim to
develop model landscape gardens. As a part of
beautification, both hard and soft landscape
works are taken up.
Organic Farming / IPM / INM:
During 2009-10, 865 vermi compost units
were sanctioned so far under Horticulture
Crops towards encouraging adoption of
organic farming. An area of 1250
hectares has been taken up under various fruits
/spices for implementing IPM / INM practices.
Mushroom Development:
Mushrooms are rich in proteins, vitamins and
minerals. The oyster mushroom and paddy
straw mushroom are cultivated in unorganized
sector and in need of seed / spawn material.
The Department has set up 6 mushroom labs
in the State for production and supply the
spawn/seed material to entrepreneurs. During
2009-10, so far 2,010 Kgs of spawn material
is produced and 220 individuals were trained
on Mushroom Cultivation.
Post Harvest Management (PHM)
Horticulture crops are highly perishable in
nature and require special attention with
respect to their harvesting, handling,
packaging, storage and processing operations.
Experts are of the opinion that losses to the APSWAN and receiving data online through
extent of 30% occur in various stages, by the dialup network from District Offices. The
time the produce moves from producer to Department has taken up development of
consumer. software packages for compiling Area and
The department is concentrating on providing Production of Horticulture crops, Andhra
pre-harvest tools and development of post Pradesh Micro Irrigation Project etc. The
harvest infrastructure facilities like Pack Department Website aphorticulture.com is
houses, Cold storages, Refer Vans, Ripening being maintained. Tele Conference facility is
Chambers etc. developed for effective communication and
During 2009-10, assistance was provided for 6 for getting immediate reports on progress.
Nos. Turmeric Drying Platforms and towards
Human Resource Development:
supply of 71,226 numbers of post harvest The Andhra Pradesh Horticulture Training
tools and plant protection equipment. Institute was established to impart knowledge
Oil Palm Development: of new technologies/innovations to the
Andhra Pradesh stands 1st in area, production stakeholders (farmers, extension officers,
and productivity under Oil Palm. An area of exporters and processors) and to build the
17,409 hectares has been covered under capacity of farmer’s i.e Human Resource
oilpalm during the year 2008-09. Under this Development through training programmes/
project, assistance is being provided towards workshops/exposure visits which is identified
plant material, cultivation, micro irrigation as one of the critical inputs for growth of
and inter crops besides organizing training Horticulture sector in the State. 7 Regional
programmes. Horticulture Training Institutes (RHTIs) were
Two oil palm seed gardens were established in established to impart trainings to the farmers.
the state, one by department and another in During 2009-10, 16,310 farmers were trained
private sector. The seeds are produced at these at HTI and RHTIs and exposure visits were
gardens under the technical guidance of organized for 164 farmers so far.
National Research Centre (NRC) Oilpalm,
Pedavegi Center in West Godavari District ***
and supplied to Oilpalm companies. 12
companies with a processing capacity of 98 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
MTs per hour are working with the
5.4 Animal Husbandry being an important sub-
Government under this program. The
sector to Agriculture is rapidly making inroads
companies have buy-back arrangements for
into the rural economy providing gainful
purchase of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB’s) from
employment to a large number of small and
the farmers in the factory zone at the rate fixed
marginal farmers and raise their economic
by the Government.
status. Economic support programs like
During 2009-10, an area of 2,551 hectares has
distribution of milch animals, sheep and
been brought under Oil palm cultivation so
poultry units have enormously helped the rural
far.
masses in bridging their income gaps. Besides
Exports:
conserving domestic biodiversity, it is a means
The total value of exports of horticulture
of producing food in dry lands without
commodities is Rs.2,111.30 Crores during
depleting ground water resources.
2008-09.
The details of exports in quantity, value and Dependability even during drought times is
destination of horticultural crops are given in one aspect that makes the Livestock sub-
Annexure 5.18. sector more lucrative and progressive. The
Information Technology and Data sub-sector provides sustainable daily income
Management: to nearly 60 lakh families even during adverse
Information Technology is the key for seasonal conditions. A sizable number of
effective communication and dissemination of families, owning sheep and goat have already
information. The Department is connected to been covered with 100% insurance of their

41
livestock. Several schemes targeting increased
production of milk, meat and eggs are also
helping to improve the nutritional standards of
people in the state.
The activities of the Animal Husbandry
Department have been oriented towards health
of livestock and increased production of milk,
meat and eggs and to provide adequate
bullock power for agricultural operations. The
schemes of the Animal Husbandry
Department have been formulated in
pursuance to the well-laid National policies to
improve the Livestock production, to fight
protein hunger and to improve nutritional
standards of human population and also
provide technical support for the maintenance
and improvement of livestock.
Salient Features:
• In order to provide necessary financial
support to shepherds to overcome the
sheep losses during disease outbreaks the
entire sheep population in the State will be
insured. During the year 2009-10, an
amount of Rs.84.96 lakhs is allocated to
insure 10 lakh sheep.
• Mass vaccination against Foot and Mouth
disease with Government of India
assistance has been implemented in
Chittoor, Ananthapur, Ranga Reddy and
Medak districts to capitalize export market
since 2003-04. The scheme is extended to
cover the bovine population in the entire
State since 2007-08 under the 100% GOI
assistance schemes such as Assistance to
State for Control of Animal Diseases
(ASCAD) and Rashtriya Krishi Vikas
Yojana (RKVY).
• A Programme of deworming the Sheep
belonging to shepherds of all categories of
farmers twice in a year on free of cost
basis was taken up, resulting in reduced
early lamb mortality and improved growth
rate due to increased disease resistance in
sheep and continued during the year 2009-
10.
• Government of India have sanctioned
Special Livestock and Fisheries Package
(“Prime Minister’s Package”) under
Animal Husbandry Sector for
Rehabilitation of farmers in 16 suicide
42
prone districts of Andhra Pradesh with a
view to provide supplementary avenues of
income to the farmers, with a financial
outlay of Rs.247.07 Crores. During the
year 2009-10 (up to 30-9-2009) 1198
milch animals were inducted under this
scheme.
• Government of Andhra Pradesh have
decided to develop Agriculture and allied
Sectors which are farmer oriented. In this
direction, Government have decided to
formulate a Scheme called “ Chief
Minister’s Special Package” for
implementation of farmer oriented
Welfare Programmes. During the year
2009-10 (up to 30-9-2009), 715 milch
animals and heifers were inducted under
this scheme.
• Government of Andhra Pradesh have
introduced a scheme “Jeeva Kranthi
Padhakam” since 2007-08, to support BPL
families by supplying Breeding Rams,
Ram Lamb Units and Sheep and Goat
Units under Chief Minister’s Package, to
enhance the economic status of the
targeted families. During the year 2009-
10 (up to 30-9-2009) 7117 Breeding
Rams, 554 Ram Lamb Rearing Units and
764 Sheep and Goat Units were grounded.
• During the year 2009-10 (up to 30-9-2009)
929 milch animals were inducted under
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Joyana.
• During the year 2007-08, 500 Integrated
Livestock Development Centers were
sanctioned in 8 districts of the State to
increase the breeding operations in the
uncovered areas. This scheme is
implemented with the assistance of
J.K.Trust Gram Vikas Yojana. All these
Centres were established during the year
2008-09 and continued during the year
2009-10.
Animal Health Activities:
The Animal Health activities play an
important role in the growth of livestock
Industry, since the livestock
production programmes will not be successful
without providing necessary safe guards
against hazards of Animal diseases. The
department has taken up strengthening of the
existing institutions to improve the quality of
Animal Health Services by providing facilities
for surgery, disease investigation and
treatment and therefore Poly Clinics were
established at district Head quarters.
Every mandal has been provided with a
veterinary graduate to organize effective
Animal Health Service, to support the
production program and prevention and
control of livestock diseases.
Five types of regular institutions viz., 22
Veterinary Polyclinics, 3 Super Specialty
Veterinary Hospitals, 278 Veterinary
Hospitals, 1826 Veterinary Dispensaries, 42
Mobile Veterinary Clinics, and 3110 Rural
Livestock Units are functioning mainly to
attend to animal health needs through out the
State. 252.16 Lakh cases were treated, 4.50
lakh castrations were done and 366.83 lakh
vaccinations were conducted by these
institutions during the year 2009-10 (up to 30-
9-2009). Proper diagnosis of disease is half
the treatment. Towards this end, 22 Animal
Disease Diagnostic Laboratories (ADDLs) are
functioning.
Veterinary Biological Research Institute,
Hyderabad:
There are two divisions in the Institute i.e.,
Biological Products Division and Disease
Investigation Division. Each division is
functioning under the control of separate Joint
Directors.
(i) Biological Products Division:
Objectives:
• To produce different vaccines with proven
immunogenicity for livestock and poultry.
• Large-scale manufacture of vaccines for
livestock and poultry.
• To develop/adopt new techniques in the
manufacture of Biologicals in bulk
quantities
• To boost the economy of the farmer
community by protecting the livestock
wealth against onslaught of contagious
diseases.
43
• To boost the economy of the poultry
farmers by protecting the poultry against
the various contagious poultry diseases.
To prevent the losses of valuable livestock due
to various diseases, supply of vaccine to the
institutions to protect the livestock is essential.
The Veterinary Biological Research institute,
is the main source in the State for the
production of Viral and Biological
Vaccines and is producing ten types of viral
and bacterial vaccines.
During the year 2009-10 (upto Sept.09),
238.26 lakh doses of various types of vaccines
have been produced by this institute.
(ii) Disease Investigation Wing:
Control and elimination of disease depends
upon prompt and correct diagnosis of the
disease. The team of Disease Investigation
Officers and subject matter specialists under
the supervision and direction of the Joint
Director are attending to this important item of
work.
Objectives:
• Disease diagnosis and investigation of
disease conditions among Livestock,
Sheep, Goats, canines, pigs, poultry.
• To collect the epidemiological data of the
disease occurrences in the State, analyze
the findings and take measures for control
and eradication.
• To attend outbreaks, notifying areas,
advising the field staff for intensive
follow-up in tackling the disease
occurrences and collection of relevant
materials for laboratory diagnosis and
suggesting measures for the containment
of the diseases.
• To undertake research problems pertaining
to the field problems.
Government Livestock Farms:
To support the cattle development activities in
the state, for producing pedigree bulls, the
department has established Cattle Breeding
Farms at suitable places in the State.
At present 9 Livestock Farms and one Fodder
Seed Multiplication Farm are functioning
under the control of this department. The
livestock maintained by the Government
Livestock Farms is shown in Table 5.12.
 ƒ Maintenance of quality artificial
Table - 5.12 insemination service.
Government Livestock Farms ƒ Standardizing the methodology of A.I and
2009-10 designing of training programmes.
Breed 2008-09
(up to 30-9-2009)
ƒ Generation of self employment for educate
Exotic
unemployed rural youth as Gopalamitras.
Jersey 17 10
ƒ Training and positioning of the A.I
Cross Breed 58 163 Technicians.
Work cattle 14 ƒ Educating the farmers on breeding
Total 75 187
activities and reproductive management.
Indigenous
ƒ Maintenance of Management of
Ongole 514 453
information system and carryout the
Sahiwal 233 155
research and development.
Deoni 24 23
Total 771 631 Frozen Semen Bull Stations:
Murrah 84 185 Livestock Production can be achieved only by
Grand Total 930 1003 practice of utilization of proper bulls of high
Source: Animal Husbandry Department genetic value. To achieve bullock power it is
necessary to develop indigenous breeds and
During the year 2009-10 (upto 30-9-2009),
introduction of germ plasm of good milch
79 breeding bulls were supplied to the Frozen
breeds in local non-descriptive cows and
Semen Bull Stations/ farmers.
buffaloes for enhancement of milk production.
Andhra Pradesh Livestock Development
This objective can only be achieved in a wider
Agency
area within minimum possible period through
The State Government, with the financial
Artificial Insemination. Andhra Pradesh has
assistance from Government of India, have
35.51 lakhs white cattle and 70.32 lakhs of
launched a massive programme of
buffalo breedable population (Eighteenth
Restructuring of Breeding Operations in cattle
Quinquennial Livestock Census). Due to
under the scheme National Project for Cattle
introduction of mobile A.I facility in the State
and Buffalo breeding (NPCBB). To
and expansion of A.I activity, the coverage of
implement this programme, Andhra Pradesh
breedable bovine population has increased
Livestock Development Agency (APLDA)
from 20% in 1999 to 45.17% in 2008-09. The
has been established and started functioning
quality of A.I has also improved. The
from April, 2000.
conception rate has increased from 38% in
Objectives:
1999-2000 to 47% during 2008-09.
• To expand Artificial Insemination to cover
Frozen Semen Technology has been extended
total breedable bovine population at
throughout the State to effect rapid
farmer’s doorstep.
improvement in Progeny born to this
• To channelise all the inputs needed to breedable population by using superior germ
provide Artificial Insemination facility. plasm and also improving the feeding and
• To regulate and ensure quality control of managerial practices by propagating improved
inputs and services rendered by the field varieties of feed and fodder.
workers. Frozen Semen Technology in the State has
Functions: also sufficient improvement in the production
ƒ Production and procurement of quality of frozen semen, establishing Young Bull
inputs like frozen semen, liquid nitrogen, Training Centers, transportation of Liquid
equipment and their proper supply. Nitrogen, District Frozen Semen Depots. The
ƒ Crossbreeding and up-gradation of cattle Regional Artificial Insemination Training
and buffaloes and maintenance and Centers are being continued to train the field
development of indigenous Gerplasm in personal in handling of frozen semen in the
breeding tracks and assessing the breeding field.
needs.

44
To produce required Frozen Semen for the Artificial Insemination Centres:
state, four Frozen Semen Bull Stations one At present, there are 4,984 Departmental
each at Visakhapatnam, Nandyal, Banavasi Frozen Semen Centers in Animal Husbandry
and Karimnagar are functioning during the department. Out of them 1830 are having
year under report. These stations are mobile facility. In addition, there are 2046
maintaining 258 breeding bulls of known Private A.I Practitioners (Gopalamitras), 134
pedigree for production of Frozen Semen. centres under BAIF and 133 Centers under
Salient features of performance by the Frozen Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development
Semen Bull Stations during the year 2009-10 Cooperative Federation, 483 Centers under
(up to 30-9-2009) are shown in Table 5.13. J.K.Trust and 9 Other Centers, in total 7789
Table - 5.13 Centers are functioning for which frozen
Performance of Frozen Semen Bull semen and Liquid Nitrogen is being supplied.
Stations These, Artificial Insemination Centers have
Sl.N 2009-10 done 19.22 lakh Artificial Inseminations and
Item of Work
o (up to 30-9-2009)
recorded 8.22 calf births during the year 2009-
1 No. of Bulls Stationed
a) Exotic/ Crossbred 63 10 (up to 30-9-2009).
b) Indigenous 11 Liquid Nitrogen Plants:
c) Murrah 171 There are 12 Liquid Nitrogen Plants. As the
Total 245 production cost of Liquid Nitrogen with the
2 Quantity of Frozen plants is very high, the Liquid Nitrogen is
Semen Produced (Lakh being procured from outside source. These
Doses)
a) Exotic/ Crossbred 10.19 plants are being used as standby plants to meet
b) Indigenous 2.06 emergency requirements. During the year
c) Murrah 22.87 2009-10 (up to 30-9-2009) 8.38 lakh liters of
Total 35.12 Liquid Nitrogen has been purchased.
Source: Animal Husbandry Department Implementation of Livestock Insurance
District Frozen Semen Depots: Programme:
21 District Frozen Semen Depots are Government of India sanctioned Livestock
functioning during the year under report. Insurance Programme during the year 2009-10
These Depots are catering to the needs of the for 8 districts in Andhra Pradesh i.e. Nellore,
Frozen Semen and Liquid Nitrogen to 7,789 Kurnool, Kadapa, Ananthapur, Warangal,
Artificial Inseminations Centres spread all Khammam, Mahaboob Nagar and Adilabad.
over the State. APLDA implemented this scheme and during
Performance of District Frozen Semen Depots the year 2009-10(up to 30-9-2009) and
are shown in Table 5.14. covered 39,141 milch animals.
Table - 5.14 Scheme for Gopalamitra Sustenance:
Performance of District Frozen Semen Depots In order to improve the performance of
2009-10
Sl. No Item of Work
(up to 30-9-2009)
Gopalamitras and to encourage them, the
Quantity of Frozen Government approved the Scheme for
Semen Supplied Lakh Doses sustenance of Gopalamitras. Under this
a) Exotic 10.34 scheme, each Gopalamitra is paid
1
b) Indigenous 2.10
c) Murrah 11.56 remuneration of Rs.1200/- per month with
Total 24.00 effect from 1st July 2007. Gopalamitras have
Artificial Inseminations
Lakh Nos. performed 5.53 lakh doorstep Artificial
Done
a) Exotic/ Crossbred 7.43
Inseminations (29% of total A.I) and produced
2 2.02 lakh crossbred/Graded calves (25% of
b) Indigenous 1.26
c) Murrah 10.53 total A.I calves) during the year 2009-10(up to
Total 19.22 30-9-2009).
3 No. of Departmental
Artificial Insemination 7,789 Feed and Fodder Development:
Centers Covered High yielding and nutritious fodder are
Source: Animal Husbandry Department essential for scientific and economic

45
management of livestock particularly to cross- Table - 5.15
breeds. It is endeavor of the department to Sheep Insurance
popularize and propagate the high yielding Sheep insured
Govt. Share
(No. in lakhs)
fodder crops with the farmers on available Year
Young
Rs. in
arable and non-arable land, as it is essential Adults Total Lakhs
ones
for the scientific feeding of the livestock for 2006-07 27.48 5.02 32.50 522.25
the increased productivity of milk and mutton. 2007-08 5.92 0.47 6.39 98.52
To intensify the activity, fodder slips, and 2008-09 2.05 0.11 2.16 124.54
improved varieties of fodder and pasture seed 2009-10 1.69 0.09 1.78 106.48
has been supplied to the farmers with most (up to
encouraging results. During the year 2009-10 Sept.2009)
(up to 30-9-2009) 4.34 lakh acres were Source: Animal Husbandry Department
brought under fodder cultivation. Piggery Development
Sheep Development: Pig farming has an important role in
Sheep rearing plays an important role in the improving the Socio-Economic status of
national economy. It provides gainful sizable population of the weaker sections of
employment and income to the weaker the society.
sections especially the rural poor. Scientific To make available “Pork” at a reasonable
breeding is being advocated in the sheep farms price, Piggery development has been taken up
for the production of breeding rams with in Andhra Pradesh under various programs
improved quality of mutton and wool. The like ITDA, IRDP and SC Action Plan etc, as
rams are distributed to interested breeders for the pig is a profile breeder with heavy litter
upgrading their local sheep flocks for size, short gestation period, and good feed
improved production both quality and quantity conversion efficiency.
wise. Piggery plays an important role in meeting the
To achieve the objective, 2 Sheep Farms, 1 demands of meat in rural as well as urban
Ram Multiplication Farm and 2 Sheep Units areas. In order to make available the required
are functioning during the year. The farm pedigree Male and Female breeding stock to
produce Pedigree rams are distributed to the the beneficiaries under various schemes, 4 pig
sheep breeders to upgrade their stock for breeding stations are functioning in the state.
improved quality of meat and increased meat Piggery Development Project,
production. Visakhapatnam
11 Intensive Sheep Development Projects The project renders necessary technical
covering the entire State are also functioning assistance to the beneficiaries in maintenance
and attending extension activities as breeding, of fattening units, up gradation of Desi Pigs,
effective health coverage and training to supply of premixed feed marketing of finished
Sheep Breeders in scientific management. Pork and Pork products in the districts of
Sheep Insurance: Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam
Sheep are mostly reared by poorer sections besides exercising technical control over the 4
belonging to backward classes. During wide pig breeding stations and promotion of Pork
spread epidemics, there are considerable sales in the state. 34 pork booths are
deaths of sheep leading to economic loss to functioning in the districts of Visakhapatnam,
these rural poor. In order to provide East Godavari, Vizianagaram, West Godavari,
insulation, Government of Andhra Pradesh Krishna and Srikakulam and the sales of pork
have taken up sheep insurance programme in and pork products are continued.
the State during the year 2006-07 and Pig Fattening Scheme (Buy back system)
continuing its implementation. During the The District S.C.Society has established a
year 2009-10, an amount of Rs.84.96 lakhs is Piggery Complex at Krishnapuram a suburb of
allocated and Ten lakh sheep will be insured. Visakhapatnam with permanent sheds to
The coverage of Sheep Insurance is shown in rehabilitate Scheduled Caste people through
Table 5.15. Pig Fattening Scheme and a total number of

46
25 families are provided with L.W.Y weaners
and fat pigs produced by them were taken
back after attaining 70 to 80 kgs. live weight
and each beneficiary is getting an amount of
Rs.3,000/- to Rs.4,000/- p.m as remuneration
and hence provided gainful employment to the
S.C.People.
Piggery Development Scheme:
Piggery Development Scheme, Srikakulam
acts as a liaison Office between District Rural
Development Agency, District Scheduled
Caste Society, Bankers, Piggery Development
Project, Visakhapatnam and the Integrated
Rural Development Agency for planning and
implementation of Piggery development
scheme, marketing of cross breeds and to train
Piggery beneficiaries.
Poultry Development:
Poultry farming in Andhra Pradesh is most
dynamic and fastest growing segment of
Agriculture Sector. The State occupies first
rank in egg production and broiler production
in the Country with an annual production of
1925 crore eggs.
ƒ Vanaraja Multiplication Farm and
Hatchery at Government Livestock Farm,
Mamnoor, Warangal District has been
established during the year 2004-05 under
Centrally Sponsored Scheme. The
progress of achievements as on 30-9- 2009
of the farm are as follows.
Parent Stock - 1,346
Eggs produced - 35,975
No of Chicks distributed - 14,091
Beneficiaries (Women, SC. ST) covered - 1,409
The works of Vanaraja Multiplication Farm
and Hatchery at Utukuru village in Kadapa
district, Alluru in Nellore district and Garividi
in Vizianagaram district are at different
stages of progress.
Human Resource Development:
The Training approach in Animal Husbandry
department was given a new impetus and
direction. The Training needs of both
Veterinarians and Para-Veterinarians in the
department were identified; training action
plans were drawn up and are being
implemented. In order to meet the growing
challenges and opportunities, emerging in the
livestock sector, the staff of the Animal
Husbandry Department needs to be
47
competitive, committed and motivated to
provide sound service delivery system. HRD
wing in the Directorate is coordinating,
monitoring, evaluating and implementing the
need based training Programmes to the staff of
the Department, with a view that training is a
continuous activity and every employee
working in the Department should be exposed
for one training course per year.
The Animal Husbandry Department has
launched three tier training system to meet the
training demands of the staff at District,
Regional and State level to address area
specific needs of livestock and their owners.
The Department has restructured its training
Programmes for Veterinarians and Para
Veterinarians at 3 State Level, 9 Regional
Level and 22 District Level Training Centres.
948 Veterinarians, 1420 Para Veterinarians
and 84 Gopalmitras are trained during 2009-
10 upto (30-9-2009).
Special Schemes:
1. Prime Minister’s Package:
The Government of India have sanctioned
“Special Livestock and Fisheries Package”
with an objective to provide supplementary
avenues of income to the small and marginal
farmers who are more vulnerable to economic
distress.
Implementing Districts: Mahabubnagar,
Rangareddy, Medak, Nizamabad, Adilabad,
Karimnagar, Warangal, Khammam, Nalgonda,
Chittoor, Kadapa, Kurnool, Ananthapur,
Guntur, Prakasam and Nellore.
Components of the Package:
• Induction of high yielding milch animals
• Rearing support for Female calves of
inducted animals
• Feed and fodder support for inducted
animals
• Health Care of inducted animals
• Breeding Services (Artificial Insemination
and Oestrus Synchronization)
• Establishing of Fodder Block Making
Units
• Establishing of Bulk Milk Cooling Units
Details of the Components:
1. Induction of High Yielding Milch
Animals: It is proposed to induct 16000 milch
animals per year @ 1000 in each of the 16
districts, during the implementation period. A

2. Rearing support for Female calves of
inducted animals: It is proposed to enroll
8000 female calves of the inducted animals
per year @ 500 in each of the district during
the implementation period of three years.
The female calf of the inducted animal will be
provided with rearing support for a period of
one year @ Rs.20/- per calf to meet the cost of
feed, fodder and health care for a period of
one year (total of Rs.7300/-)
3. Feed and fodder support for inducted
milch animals:
All the inducted milch animals will be
provided with feed and fodder support @
Rs.25/- per day per animal for a provided of
period of one year
4. Health Care of inducted animals:
The Inducted animals will be provided with
health care at free of cost for a period of one
year for which an amount of Rs. 300/- is
provided.
5. Breeding Services
(Artificial Insemination and Oestrus
Synchronization):
A. Artificial Insemination Services will be
provided to the breedable animals
including inducted milch animals on free
of cost.
B. Oestrus Synchronization Programme is
aimed at synchronization of heat in Cows
and Buffaloes, which helps in augmenting
milk production. This programme is taken
up to cover the breedable animals on free
of cost.
Fodder Block Making Unit: Government of
India have permitted for setting up of 100
“Mini Feed Mixing Plants” by conversion of 8
Fodder Block making units, in addition to
establishing of 2 Fodder block making units.
Establishment of Bulk Milk Cooling Units:
Bulk Cooling Units (BCUs) will be
established for holding the milk to facilitate
milk procurement. For every 1000 to 12,000
liters of milk producing cluster of dairy units,
48
one MCU/BCU with unit cost of Rs.24.00
lakhs as total grant, will be established.
Chief Minister’s Special Package
To uplift the BPL families, the Government
have taken up the following programmes and
also released budget under plan schemes for
implementation during the year 2009-10.
Chief Minister’s Jeeva Kranthi Padhakam
Government of Andhra Pradesh have
introduced a scheme “Jeeva Kranthi
Padhakam” during 2007-08, to support BPL
families by supplying Breeding Rams, Ram
Lamb Units and Sheep and Goat Units under
Chief Minister’s Package, to enhance the
economic status of the targeted families. The
scheme is continued during 2008-09 and
2009-10 also on 50% subsidy.
The components under Jeeva Kranthi
Padhakam are:
1. Supply of Ram Lamb Units.
2. Supply of Breeding Rams.
3. Supply of Sheep and Goat Units.
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (Animal
Husbandry Sector)
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Joyana (RKVY) is
being implemented in the state with 100%
Central Assistance during the period from
2008-09 to 2011-12 with an outlay of
Rs.399.28 crores.
Objective:-To achieve 9% growth rate in
Animal Husbandry Sector during 11th five
year plan.
Implementing Districts: Srikakulam,
Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam East Godavari,
West Godavari, Krishna Guntur, Prakasam,
Nellore Chittoor, Kadapa, Kurnool, Anantapur
Mahabubnagar, Rangareddy, Medak,
Nizamabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Warangal,
Khammam and Nalgonda.
Details of the Components:
1. Induction of Milch Animals, Heifers
and CB Heifers and providing feed on
50% subsidy.
Subsidy (50%) for Milch Animals Supply
The Unit Cost of high yielding milch animals
(Cross bred Cow/ Murrah Buffaloe) ranges
from 30,000/- to 35,000/- per animal (includes
Cost of the animal, Transport and Insurance).
Subsidy of Rs.15000/- for Milch Buffaloes
and Rs.12500/- in case of Milch Cows will be
provided as Front end subsidy and the rest
amount is arranged from Bank Loan.
Feed supply (50% Subsidy) and health care
to inducted animals:
It is proposed to provide feed to the inducted
animals on 50% subsidy.
This programme will help the farmers for the
maintenance of animals as well as for better
milk production. This programme will
inculcate the habit of feeding of concentrate
feed there by farmer will get better milk yield
and good returns also.
Feed will be provided on 50% subsidy for a
period of one year. The beneficiary has to bear
the 50% cost of feed from the returns from the
sale of milk. (maximum subsidy limit is
Rs.5000/-)
Calf rearing programme (50% subsidy):
(By inducting female calves and providing
Feed Subsidy)
High productive Murrah Heifers and CB
Heifer calves will be procured from the breed
tract and supplied to the farmers for further
rearing purpose. To get optimum growth rate,
feed will be supplied on 50% subsidy till it
gets calved.
• Murrah Heifers: The unit cost is
Rs.25,000/- and the subsidy of Rs.12,500/-
(Subsidy towards Animal cost and
Insurance is Rs.10,000 and Rs.2500/- for
feed) will be provided as front end subsidy
and the rest amount will be arranged from
Bank Loan or beneficiary contribution.
• CB Heifers: The unit cost is Rs.20,000/-
and the subsidy of Rs.10,000/- (Subsidy
towards Animal cost and Insurance is
Rs.5,000 and Rs.5000/- for feed) will be
provided as front end subsidy and the rest
amount is arranged from Bank Loan or
beneficiary contribution.
2.Calf Feed Subsidy (50 %) Programme :
Under the programme, elite female calves
born through A.I. will be selected and
provided with feed on 50 % subsidy and
health care to protect the elite germ plasm as
well as to gain optimum growth rate to
become good milk yielder.
Unit cost is Rs.10,000. Subsidy of Rs.5,000/-
per calf will be provided and the rest of
amount may be met from the bank loan or
beneficiary contribution.
3. Perennial/seasonal fodder Production :
It is proposed to establish perennial/ seasonal
fodder production to provide continuous green
fodder to the two milch animals. It is aimed to
brought 0.25 acres of land under fodder
production by each beneficiary by providing
grant of Rs.1000/-.
4. Supply of chaff cutters on (50%)
Subsidy:
To minimize the wastage of dry and green
fodder and utilization of even stem portion of
the fodder by making in to small pieces by
Chaff cutter, it is proposed to provide 240 dual
–purpose chaff cutters to IKP/Shepherds on
50% subsidy.
50% Subsidy will be provided as Front end
subsidy and the rest amount is arranged from
Bank Loan or contribution of IKP groups.
5. Backyard poultry units:
It is proposed to popularize backyard
poultry units to rural women folk
especially in tribal areas. Under this
scheme 6 to 8 week old straight run 10
chicks will be provided to rural women
folk on 50 % subsidy.
50% Subsidy will be provided and the rest
amount will be the beneficiary
contribution.
6. Pavala Vaddi scheme for milch animal /
Broiler (Poultry):
Under this scheme Rs.12.75 Lakhs
allocated to provide subsidy in the form of
Pavala Vaddi to the beneficiaries/ SHG
selected for milch animal / Broiler
(Poultry) rearing.
Livestock population, Animal Husbandry
institutions, production estimates of milk, eggs
and meat are given in Annexure 5.19, 5.20 and
5.21 respectively.
***
FISHERIES
5.5 ‘Fisheries’ in Andhra Pradesh has the
potential to grow exponentially with greater
opportunities arising due to increase in the
water spread area by construction of
irrigation projects under “ Jalayagnam” which
have also converted many seasonal tanks in to
perennial tanks, suitable for fish culture. This
49
sector is revamped with growing importance registered under APMFR Act have to be re-
given to the Fisheries sector, especially in the registered under Merchant Shipping (M.S)
backdrop of employment to the fishermen. Act. 26 officers of the department have been
Efforts are afoot to strengthen the existing appointed by Government of India as
infrastructure. The department has set for Registrars under the M.S Act.
itself the following objectives: The processing of Physical data collection
• To ensure sustainable development formats prescribed by Govt. of India is under
• To promote welfare of fishermen. progress. So far, 23240 / 25379 (91.6%) of
• Promote investment to create infrastructure. data collection of online registration of
• To promote fisheries value chain and boost Fishing Vessels is completed. For issuance of
exports. Bio-metric ID cards to all the 1,16,647 full
• Setup institutions to build and multiply time and part time fishermen, who are
skills. venturing into sea. Processing of physical
Andhra Pradesh, a leading state for fisheries data collection formats prescribed by Govt. of
sector in the country, ranks First in Brackish India for 90,810 fishermen is completed and
water shrimp production, First in Fresh water remaining is under progress.
prawn production, Second in Fresh Water fish
production, Fifth in Marine fish production. Release of Assistance to Fishermen for
The state is now second in total production but Flood Losses:
Government sanctioned an amount of
the state has plans to attain first position by
Rs.596.00 lakhs under assistance to fishermen
the end of the XI five year plan period. The
for loss / damages to boats and nets from the
state is contributing about 40% of the marine
CRF / NCCF and the amount was released to
exports from India. The Fisheries sector is
18,493 units in Kurnool, Mahabubnagar,
contributing 2.31% to the Gross State
Nalgonda, Guntur and Krishna districts.
Domestic Product (2008-09).
1.Fish/ prawn production: Registration of Coastal Aquaculture
Fish/Prawn production has increased from Farms:
10.56 lakh tonnes during 2007-08 to 12.52 Doing Coastal aquaculture (shrimp culture)
lakh tonnes during 2008-09. The target is without obtaining license from Coastal
fixed as 14.00 lakh tonnes for 2009-10. The Aquaculture Authority is an illegal activity as
details of production are shown in Table 5.16 per the CAA Act 2005. Doing aquaculture
and given in Annexure 5.22. without CAA license will attract penal
Table - 5.16 provision of 3 year imprisonment and/or
Fish and Prawn Production Rs1.00 lakh and is liable for demolition of the
(Lakh Tonnes) pond..
Marine Inland Brackish
Year Fish/ Fish/ Water
Total The EIC of India recently has issued a
Production
Prawn Prawn shrimp Notification in October,09 that exporters shall
2005-06 2.18 6.31 0.42 8.91 procure the fish / shrimp / scampi / fishery
2006-07 2.41 6.62 0.38 9.41
2007-08 2.54 7.55 0.47 10.56 products from only registered farms only.
2008-09 2.91 9.35 0.26 12.52
2009-10
Registration of Fresh water Aquaculture
(upto 1.48 5.15 0.24 6.88 Farms
Nov.09)
Source: - Fisheries Department Government have constituted a District Level
Important Schemes / Programmes: Committee with District Collector as the
Coastal Security for Marine Fishermen: Chairman for regularization of existing fresh
Government of India have directed all the water aquaculture and also for according
maritime states to take up Online Registration permission for setting up of new aquaculture
of marine fishing vessels and to issue Photo units in fresh water lands. Government have
ID cards to sea going fishermen. As per the extended the time limit for regularization of
GOI order, fresh registration of all 25,704 existing fresh water aquaculture upto 31-01-
seagoing Fishing vessels, which were already 2010.

50
Group Accident Insurance scheme:
The premium under this Group Accident
Insurance Scheme for fishermen is Rs.29/- per
head which is shared equally by the Central
and State Government. The ex-gratia payable
is Rs.1,00,000/- in case of death/total
permanent disability and Rs.50,000/- in case
of partial disability. 4,02,742 active fishermen
of the State have been covered under the
scheme. In addition to the sum insured under
the scheme, the GOAP will pay an amount of
Rs.1.00 lakhs as exgratia to death cases.
Construction of Houses to Fishermen:
The unit cost under CSS is Rs.54,250/- per
house and the scheme will be converged with
the housing scheme under INDIRAMMA
from 2009-10 onwards. An amount of
Rs.20,000/- would be given as subsidy share
of the GOI and the subsidy share from Govt.
of A.P. would be Rs. 15,950/-.
Relief-cum-Savings scheme:
The marine fishermen have to save Rs.600/ @
Rs.75/- per month for 8 months. They will be
given Rs.1,200/- as relief during fishing ban
period by the GoI and GoAP on 50:50 basis.
An amount of Rs.84.68 Lakhs was spent
during 2008-09 and 14,115 fishermen covered
under the scheme.
Assistance to SC and ST Fishermen:
For supply of fishing inputs on 50% subsidy
to SCs individual fishermen, Rs.35.00 lakhs
was released. For setting up of fish retail
outlets Rs.25.00 lakhs was released. For
stocking of fish seed in the reservoirs as 100%
grant Rs.20.00 lakhs was released.
For supply of fishing inputs on 50% subsidy
to ST fishermen Rs.25.00 lakhs is released.
Rs.10.50 lakhs are released for stocking in
reservoirs as 100% grant. Government of
India have released Rs. 138.00 lakhs under
P.M.Special Package for Construction of Fish
Ponds for the Tribal people of Khammam
District during 2009-10 and works are under
progress.
NFDB Assistance for Fish seed stocking in
tanks above 40 Ha. :
The NFDB has requested to procure the fry
and rear it in cages / pens / rearing ponds and
stock fingerlings in reservoirs. During the year
2009-10, 81.51 lakhs of fry is under rearing
51
and fingerlings will be stocked in the
reservoirs.
Motorization of traditional crafts:
Motorization of traditional crafts is helpful to
marine fishermen to reach the fishing grounds
early and to come back to the shore in time.
50% subsidy on the cost of out board/in board
motor not exceeding Rs.30,000/ is being
provided. During the year 2009-10, Rs 45.00
lakhs is provided as subsidy under this
scheme.
Construction of Community Halls for
Marine and Inland fishermen:
The unit cost for construction of Marine
Community Halls is Rs.15.00 Lakhs. 2
Community Halls were completed and 16 are
under progress. The unit cost for construction
of Inland Community Halls is Rs.5.00 Lakhs.
27 Inland Community Halls were completed
and 25 are under progress.
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana:
Project proposals of Fisheries sector with an
outlay of Rs.7.00 crores for the year 2009-10
have been approved under RKVY.
The construction of 100 ha. of fish ponds is
taken up and 124.28 Ha is completed in West
Godavari, Krishna and East Godavari
Districts. Rs.2.43 crores has been sanctioned
for this scheme to benefit 920 groups and the
balance is being covered during 2009-10.
The construction of Fish markets was taken up
with a unit cost of Rs.10.00 lakhs per market
in Municipalities and with a unit cost of
Rs.5.00 lakhs per market in Gram Panchayats.
Administrative sanctions have been accorded
for the construction of 26 fish markets.
In order to encourage the hygienic retail fish
vending in urban centers, Mobile vending
through Two and Three wheelers is
introduced. 419 Two wheelers and 73 Three
wheelers were distributed.
***
FORESTRY
5.6 Preserving an oxygen bearing and
eco-friendly environment holds the key for
sustained economic development and forests
continue to play an effective role in changing
a hostile carbon-dioxide laden environment
in moderating the soil mantle, improving soil
fertility, arresting soil erosion and regulating Agricultural land were treated with various
flow of water in rivers and streams. soil conservation measures like contour
Monetizing the tangible benefits that could bunding, bench terracing, gully plugging,
accrue through these measures would prove stabilization of river banks etc.
awesome and would perhaps outweigh the During the year 2009 over 50,156 hectares of
direct benefits from the forests like timber, area have been afforested and 93,007 hectares
fuel-wood and other forest produce. The of Agricultural land was treated with various
array of forestry programmes include raising soil conservation measures like contour
of economic plantations and quick growing bunding, bench terracing, gully plugging,
species, cleaning of large areas of mixed stabilization of river banks etc.
deciduous forests etc. Forest resource surveys of industrial
catchments were undertaken between 1965-75
Andhra Pradesh has 63,814 Sq.Kms of Forest and most of the important forest zones of the
area constituting 23.2 percent of the total state have been covered under the schemes
geographical of the State. Out of this, sponsored either by the Government of India
Reserved forest area accounts for 50,478 or State.
Sq.kms, Protected forest forms 12,365 Sq.kms Commencing with 1971 season, the Abnus
and the rest 971 Sq.kms are unclassified. leaves trade in Andhra Pradesh was
Forestry programmes involves raising nationalized eliminating the Contractor’s
economic plantations and quick growing agency. In April 2006, the Government have
species, clearing of large areas of mixed decided to distribute the net revenue to the
deciduous forests of poor quality and beedi leaf collectors in proportion to the
plantation with Teak, Eucalyptus and quantity of beedi leaf collected by them as per
Bamboo. Area planted with important species wage cards from 2006 beedi leaf season
is shown in Table 5.17. onwards. The gross production for the season
upto November, 2009 was 4,35,969 S.B.S,
Table - 5.17 gross revenue achieved Rs. 2,974 lakhs.
Area Planted with Important Species
(Hectares)
Andhra Pradesh Forest Development
Area upto
Area upto Area upto
2009-10
Corporation: The Andhra Pradesh Forest
Species 2007-08 2008-09 Development Corporation was established on
(Sep.2009)
Provisional 16th June 1975, on the recommendations of
Teak 112825 113015 113050 the National Commission on Agriculture, with
Eucalyptus 79560 80787 80979 an objective to raise massive plantations to
Casurina 29847 30975 31225 cater to the needs of wood based industries.
Cashew 21371 21386 21501
Red Sander 2748 2748 2748
Sandal wood 2800 2800 2800 Objectives
Bamboo 53843 54460 55283 Conserving and improving the quality of
Coffee 136 136 136 existing degraded forest and plantations.
Kanuga 50813 57811 64088 Adoption of watershed approach in raising of
Miscellaneou 339508 344742 344847 plantations.
s
Use of best planting stock available from the
Avenue
Plantation 12882 13222 13252 latest gains in biotechnology, in order to
K.Ms, increase the productivity of the land.
Source: - Forest Department Provide gainful employment to the rural poor
and tribals all around the year.
The scheme for Soil conservation in River Capacity building through suitable training at
Valley Project was taken up in the Machkhand all levels of staff. The following are the
/Sileru basin in Visakhapatnam District and particulars of plantations raised by the
upto 1975 over 7,850 Hects of badly eroded APFDC till 31st October, 2009 are shown in
area have been afforested and 43,120 Hects of Table 5.18.

52
 Table - 5.18
Area planted by APFDC
(Hectares)
Species Area
Eucalyptus seed origin 23363.13
Eucalyptus (Clonal) 32833.62
Bamboo 12168.17
Cashew 11223.88
Coffee 4010.18
Teak 857.37
Medicinal Plants 524.80
Casurina, Pines and Other spices 501.90
85483.05
Total
Source: - Forest Department
Coffee (Arabica) planting on commercial
scale was also undertaken by the Forest
Department in the agency forests of
Visakhapatnam and East Godavari Districts in
an area of about 4010 Hects., to improve the
economic conditions of the tribals and wean
them from the wasteful habit of shifting
cultivation.
There are three well developed Zoological
parks at Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam and
Tirupati and five National Parks, two at
Hyderabad, one each in Ranga Reddy, Kadapa
and Chittoor (Tirupati) districts and 14 deer
parks and 22 wild life Sanctuaries in the State.
A Sanctuary for Black Buck Mahaveera
Harina Vanasthali was established in an area
of about 1,000 Hects. near Hyderabad. The
present area of the park is 1,459 Hect.
The forest products in the state include
Timber, Bamboo, Firewood and Charcoal,
Other Forest Produce, Beedi Leaves and
Miscellaneous. The details of value of forest
produce in the State are given in Annexure
5.23.
The income accrued from forestry sector in
the State was Rs.87.19 Crores in 2008-09 and
Rs.42.92 Crores in 2009-10 (upto September,
2009).
There are eight major wood based industries
in the State. But there is no supply of raw
material from the Forest Department to the
major wood based industries. Forests are
looked as “GREEN CAPITAL” and they are
no more valued as a raw material resources for
the industries. The industrial requirements are
met from different sources like imported pulp,
agricultural wastage and the plantations raised
by farmer with buy-back arrangements. The
53
net use, production capacity, type of raw
material used and raw material assured to
Forest Department in the state is given in
Annexure 5.24.
Under Social Forestry, 16.23 crores seedlings
are made available for planting during 2009
rainy season. Block Plantations were raised in
an extent of 27.11 Ha. out side the Reserve
Forest area and Avenue Plantations were
raised over a length of 32 Kms during the year
2009-10. A massive tree planting programme
under NREGS has been planned. The
programme to plant 1 lakh seedlings per
assembly constituency every year in next 4
years is launched in 2009-10. The nursery
raising for Avenue plantations in 3,441 Kms
and community land plantations in 6,801 Ha.
is initiated. A total of 492 lakhs of seedlings
and 4,150 teak beds are being raised for
planting in 2010 rainy season.
Community Forestry Management
The Concept of people’s participation
envisages to protect and manage the forests
with the active co-operation and support of
local communities. The National Forest Policy
strongly envisages peoples involvement in the
development and protection of forest and the
Government of India have provided impetus
to people’s movement in forest.
From a mere 133 Vana Samrakshana Samithis
(VSS) during 1994-95, presently it has gone
upto 8,499 VSS managing 23.94 lakh hectares
of forest area in the State. Around 15.38 lakh
people including 7.54 lakh women and 7.84
lakh SC/ST beneficiaries have treated about
6.66 lakh hectares of degraded forests through
these VSS. All the identified forest fringe
villages have been covered under CFM
stream. The funds from various sources like
World Bank aided Andhra Pradesh Forestry
Project, Employment Assurance Scheme and
other schemes, including Centrally Sponsored
Schemes, are being utilized for
implementation of this program.
Wildlife Conservation
Andhra Pradesh is endowed with rich Flora
and Fauna – 5000 plant species, 500 bird
species, 100 species of mammals and more
than 100 reptile species. Important endemic
species of the state are Cycas beddomi, Red
sanders, Shorea talura, Jerdon’s courser,
Golden gecko and Slender loris.
The State Board for Wildlife and the Zoo
Authority of Andhra Pradesh have been
constituted for advising the Government on
protection and conservation of wildlife in the
State.
Restoration in Kolleru Lake Eco-system
For restoration of the Kolleru Lake, an
Integrated Management Action Plan for
Kolleru Sanctuary with an outlay of Rs.950.56
Crores for a period of 5 years has been
prepared through an expert consultant,
Wetland International South Asia, New Delhi
and will be implemented after its approval.
Proposals were submitted to GOI for sanction
of Rs.220.00 lakhs for the year 2009-10.
Sanction from GOI is awaited.
The AP Legislative Assembly has
unanimously resolved in September, 2008 to
reduce the area of Kolleru Sanctuary from +5
contour to +3 contour in order to mitigate the
problems of farmers. Proposals have also
been submitted in this regard by the
Government of Andhra Pradesh to the
National Board of Wildlife and Central
Empowered Committee, New Delhi
requesting them to place these proposals
before the National Board for Wildlife for
approval.
Government of India have in turn asked the
Government of Andhra Pradesh to get these
proposals cleared by the State Board.
Accordingly, the proposals have been placed
before the 3rd State Board for Wildlife
meeting held on 11.9.2009. Due to
multifarious issues involved, the Board
decided to defer the issue to the next meeting.
Peacocks conservation breeding
programme
The peacocks conservation breeding
programme was taken up in 2007-08 in the
three Zoos. So far 69 young peafowl
artificially reared in the Zoos have been
released in Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger
Reserve (39), Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary
(10) and Idupulapaya (20. The programme is
being continued this year as well.
Mitigation of Elephant menace in Northern
coastal districts
The wild elephant problem in Vizianagaram,
Srikakulam districts has been tackled by
translocating two elephants and containing the
rest of the herd in about 120 Sq.Kms of
reserve forest in the two districts. Two
kumkies are being retained at Visakhapatnam
zoo to meet any case of emergency.
Restoration of Mangroves forests
A target area of 5600 ha. of degraded
mangrove and blank areas in Godavari and
Krishna river estuaries has been taken up for
restoration of the mangroves under Tsunami
Mitigation activity through the World Bank
aided A.P. Community Forest Management
Project. So far, mangrove plantations are
raised in 3042 ha. Maintenance of these
young plantations will be taken up during
2009-10.
Community Based Eco-tourism
The Tribal communities are involved in
management of wildlife sanctuaries and forest
areas, through the concept of Community
Based Eco-tourism. The tribals and the
protected area are mutually benefited in this
way. 14 CBET projects are established in last
three years under APCFM Project.
Special measures for Tiger Conservation
As per the provisions of Wildlife (P)
Amendment Act, 2006 and instructions of
National Tiger Conservation Authority
(NTCA) a Steering Committee has been
constituted for the State to look into Tiger
protection.
The Andhra Pradesh Tiger Conservation
Foundation (APTCF) which receives funds
from various sources directly has also been
established recently to take care of the
development and conservation efforts focused
on tiger in the State.
***
SERICULTURE
5.7 Sericulture is a sustainable farm-based
enterprise favouring rural poor in Andhra
Pradesh with low fixed capital and relatively
higher returns on investment. Being a farm-
based economic enterprise, Sericulture activity
provides employment to 5 persons throughout
the year yielding regular returns in 4 to 5
splits from one acre of mulberry. Another
54
important feature of Sericulture Industry is
involvement of women around 60%of the
work force in this activity.
Andhra Pradesh is the second largest producer
of Mulberry and tasar cocoons in the country,
and Muga culture is in initial stage. Andhra
Pradesh has the privilege of producing all 4
types of silk called Tasar, Eri, Muga besides
mulberry being predominantly practiced in
Tribal areas of the State. As vast tracts of
forest based tasar food plantations are
available in the State, judicious exploitation
for rearing tasar silkworms can offer
supplementary gainful employment for tribals.
New Initiatives during 2009-10:
• Supply of Dhaincha seed to the BVH
farmers for raising as inter crop followed by
green manuring to increase soil fertility
which helps in producing quality leaf for
successful production of quality BV
cocoons.
• Supply of farm mechanisation equipment
such as Brush cutters on subsidised cost to
250 farmers to reduce the labour component
for shoot harvesting of mulberry shoots to
conduct silk worm rearing. 25% subsidy will
be provided on the unit cost of Rs 25,000/-
to each farmer.
• Integration of Reeling Unit: The profit
margin of the Charka reeling units will get
doubled, if integrated by providing small
Twisting units, and the entrepreneur will
continue the charka activity meeting the
requirement of weft silk yarn demand by the
weavers in the State. It is proposed to
implement the scheme on experimental basis
with one unit in each district of Anantapur
and Chittoor with 75% subsidy on the unit
cost of Rs.1.80 lakhs amounting to Rs. 2.70
Lakhs.
• One more such Automatic Reeling Unit
namely M/s Pragna Silks at Hindupur is
under establishment in private sector.
• To encourage post cocoon activity and to
bridge the gap between on farm and non-
farm Sectors to maximum extent, one
Chinese Automatic Reeling Unit under
Private Sector is established with an annual
production capacity of 24 Metric Tonnes of
Bivoltine Raw Silk at Janagaon of Warangal
District with a unit cost of Rs.2.67 crores.
55
Out of this, Rs.1.00 crore subsidy was
equally shared by GOI and GOAP. The unit
is functioning well and has produced a
quantity of 6.640 Metric Tonnes of
Bivoltine Silk of International Standards
upto September, 2009.
Impact of initiatives announced during
2008-09:
ƒ The cocoon arrivals have increased from
2,126 MTs to 2,183 MTs in the cocoon
markets of AP with the introduction of
incentives to the farmers.
ƒ Hitherto most of the cocoons were
purchased in A.P. by Karnataka Reelers and
got converted into silk in Karnataka state.
With the impact of Govt. initiatives, a
quantity of 1,333 MTs of cocoons was
consumed by the local reeling units in the
State, out of the total quantity of 1,837 MTs
transacted in the cocoon markets, which
constitutes about 72.58% up to September,
2009. Apart from few more units of 10 and
20 basins Silk Reeling Units, one Automatic
Reeling Unit is coming up in Hindupur of
Anantapur District and the cocoon
consumption within the State will increase
further.
The department is making all-out effort to
promote the following new technologies at the
field level for increasing the productivity.
• Plantation with high yielding varieties.
• Maintenance of exclusive chawkie gardens
for Supply of Silkworm seed.
• Promotion of controlled irrigation system
like “DRIP”
• Mass Disinfection Programme to reach all
practicing Sericulturists.
• Separate pucca-rearing houses with shoot
rearing for Cocoon production.
• Human Resource Development.
• Research and Development to evolve
suitable silk worm races for the state
requirements.
• Promotion of Multi-end silk reeling,
twisting, processing units and looms.
Schemes implemented:
Mulberry sector:
1) Construction of rearing sheds under
Catalytic Development Programme (CDP):
To ensure hygienic conditions and to prevent
contamination during silk worm rearing,
construction of a separate pucca silk worm
rearing house is very essential. Therefore a
scheme for construction of rearing shed is
under implementation under CDP with a unit
cost of Rs.1,50,000/- to each of Bivoltine
farmer with a pattern assistance of 25:25:50
by Central Silk Board, State Government and
Beneficiary contribution respectively. So far
13,753 rearing sheds were constructed of
which 8,924 number of sheds were equipped
with shoot feeding stands under the scheme.
2) Irrigation and other water conservation
and usage techniques:
Focus is made on conservation of available
water resources to the extent of maximum
utility. The scheme of “ Irrigation and other
water conservation and usage techniques” is
being implemented under Catalytic
Development Programme with a unit cost of
Rs.50,000/- per hectare of which Rs.25,000/-
subsidy is provided by the Central Silk Board
and Rs. 12,500/- subsidy is provided by the
State and the balance Rs.12,500/- is the
beneficiary contribution. An extent of 8,287
acres of mulberry has been covered with
irrigation facility including drip, up to the end
of September, 2009.
3) Supply of Saplings:
Saplings of High Yielding Mulberry varieties
are procured from Kissan Nurseries for
supplying to New Farmers and Sericulturists
who desire to replant their mulberry
plantations with the improved varieties. This
will increase productivity and quality of leaf
which in turn leads to increase in the
production of cocoons, at low/marginal cost.
The pattern of assistance under the scheme is
50:25:25 i.e., CSB : State Govt. : Beneficiary
contribution for raising of one acre with High
Yield Variety Mulberry. The farmers will be
provided @ Rs.4,175/- as subsidy against the
unit cost of Rs.5,500/-, which is basic help to
the farmers who come under the fold of
mulberry. An extent of 15,776 acres of
mulberry has been covered with saplings up to
the end of September, 2009.
4) Rearing equipments:
Farmers are encouraged to take up Bivoltine
Sericulture by assisting them in the purchase
of modern tools and equipments which make
mulberry cultivation and rearing more
56
efficient and viable. The pattern of assistance
under the scheme is 50:25:25 i.e., CSB: State
Govt : Beneficiary contribution. Farmers will
be assisted for procurement of shoot rearing
equipment and supply of Plastic Trays and
Mountages for conducting Bivoltine Silkworm
Rearings. The farmer will be provided with a
subsidy of Rs.30,000/- against the Unit cost of
Rs.40,000/- which will encourage the farmer
to take up Bivoltine Sericulture and harvest
successful crops with the help of modern tools
and equipment. A total number of 8924
farmers are provided with rearing equipments
under the scheme up to the end of September,
2009.
In addition to the above, the following
schemes are also being implemented under
Normal State Plan Supply of disinfectants
worth of Rs.1,500/- per shed to the Sericulture
farmers to increase productivity.
• Procurement of tassar cocoons for
production of DFLS and supply to tribal
tasar rearers.
• Supply of High yielding variety saplings
with a subsidy of Rs 4,125/- per acre on
the unit cost of Rs 5,500/-
• Subsidy of Rs 100/- to farmers for supply
of 100 Bivoltine layings.
Non-Mulberry Sector:
Tasar culture:
3,000 tribal families are engaged in rearing of
Tasar silk worms on the food plants available
in the forest areas of Adilabad, Karimnagar,
Warangal and Khammam Districts. 10.61
Lakh numbers of Tasar cocoons have been
produced up to September, 2009 in the tribal
areas covering 2,803 beneficiaries. During the
year 2010-11, a quantity of 200 lakhs of tasar
cocoons are proposed to be produced by tribal
farmers.
Ericulture:
Andhra Pradesh is having larger extent of
Castor and Tapioca plantations particularly in
the districts of Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda,
Rangareddy and East Godavari. The farmers
can utilise 30% of the castor / Tapioca leaf for
rearing of Eri silk worms with out any
deterioration in the yield of castor seed and
Tapioca tuber, to get additional income of Rs.
2,000 to Rs.4,000. The department in co-
ordination with the Central Silk Board under
 Catalytic Developmental programme is
implementing an Eri project to create
additional income to castor / Tapioca growers
through rearing of Eri silkworms. During the
year 2009-10 a quantity of 1.41 MTs of eri
cocoons was produced by the farmers up to
September 2009.
Research and Development:
Andhra Pradesh State Sericulture Research
and Development Institute, Hindupur was
established during the year 1995 with the main
objective to evolve new races, capable of
producing International grade cocoons/silk. A
new project entitled “Identification of DNA
markers for baculovirus resistance in
Silkworm was presented to DBT New Delhi
for financial sanction. Six new hybrids
developed by the institute have been
submitted for National Silk Worm Race
Authorisation. Bivoltine hybrids with disease
resistance races are under field trials. In
addition, certain eco-friendly user
disinfectants such as Seri-Gold, Seri-Clean,
Seri- Plus, Shakthi and Abhya etc are released
to the fields, there by the production of
cocoons increased from 5 Kgs to 10 Kgs by
the farmer.
The achievements under Sericulture are shown
in the Table 5.19 and given in Annexure 5.25.
Table:5.19
Sericulture - Achievement during 2009-10
(up to Sept. 2009)
Mulberry (New Area Acres)
DFLs Production ( Lakh Nos.)
including BVHDFLs in Govt. and Pvt.
Sectors.
CB Cocoon Production (MTs) 6494.14
BV Cocoon Production (MTs)
Productivity (Kgs per 100 dfls)
Tasar cocoon Production (lakh Nos.)
Source: Sericulture Department
***
AGRICULTURAL MARKETING
5.8 Comprehensive market legislation came into
force in 1966 covering the entire state called
the Andhra Pradesh (Agricultural Produce and
Livestock) Markets Act 1966, after integration
of the Hyderabad Agricultural Produce and
Livestock Markets Act, 1930 and the Madras
Commercial Crops Act, 1933. The salient
features of the Act are:
ƒ To regulate sale and purchase of
Agricultural produce
ƒ To declare notified areas and notified
markets for regulation
ƒ To constitute market committees for each
notified area for regulation
ƒ To provide license to all the persons
intending to trade in the notified
agricultural market area
ƒ To levy and collect the market fee
ƒ To construct and develop market yards for
regulation
ƒ To prohibit collection of all unauthorized
charges in the sale and purchase of
agricultural produce
ƒ To arrange sale and purchase of
agricultural produce in the market by open
auction or tender system
ƒ To collect and disseminate market
information for the use of farmers and
traders.
There are 317 Agricultural Market
Committees under which 891 market yards are
notified in the State. Each Market Committee
consists of 18 members viz., 11 members from
growers, 3 from traders and the other four
from the representatives of local bodies and
Government Departments. The Committee is
headed by a Chairman from grower members.
The Government nominates all the members.
2778 Every Market Committee has a Secretary who
36.028 is the executive authority of the Market
Committee. Staff of the Market Committee are
appointed by the Market Committee / Director
of Marketing / Government as per AP
204.45
55
(AP & LS) Markets Rules, 1969. The Market
10.61 Committee is responsible for the effective
implementation of the Markets Act and the AP
(Agricultural and Livestock) Market Rules,
1969 and the Bye-laws of the Market
Committee. Every Market Committee is a
corporate body having perpetual succession.
The Commissioner and Director of
Agricultural Marketing is the authority at
State level to supervise and control all the
Market Committees for effective
implementation of the Act, Rules and the
Bye-laws and report to the Government about
the working of the Market Committees. The
57
Market Committees levy and collect market
fee at the rate of 1% advalerum on the sale
and purchase of notified agricultural produce
payable by the purchasers of the produce. The
market fee is the only source of income for the
Market Committee, which is self generating
and is called Market Committee Fund
deposited in a scheduled bank operated
through treasury. The market fee is utilized
mainly for the development of markets and
creation of facilities to the users of the
markets i.e., growers and traders and other
functionaries and for other allied purposes
specified by Government from time to time.
The Market Committees shall remit 10% of
the annual income to a separate fund called
Central Market Fund (CMF). This fund is
under the control and operation of the
Commissioner and Director of Agricultural
Marketing. The Central Market Fund is
expended mainly to provide loans to Market
Committees besides grant-in-aid to the
financially weak Market Committees. The
Government is empowered to spend the CMF
by special or general order for any purpose for
the development of agricultural marketing and
its allied activities. Keeping in view of the
objectives, the Department has envisaged a
Farmers’ Charter for implementation. The
charter provides:
1. Right of information regarding prices
2. Ensuring fair value for the produce
3. Ensuring accurate weighing
4. Freedom from unscrupulous traders and
trade practices
5. Ensuring payment on the same day
6. Providing human and animal health care
7. Providing quality inputs.
The department has installed computers at 319
Market Yards for regular inflow of
information on prices. It has also installed
Audio Video Display systems(AVDS) at 50
market yards so far. Prices of all major
commodities are displayed through these
video systems for the benefit of the farmers
everyday. The department has also established
Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS)
through which anyone from anywhere can dial
the dedicated telephone number and find out
the prevailing prices of all major agricultural
commodities at all major market yards. The
58
prices updated everyday. (IVRS
No.23260100)
Administrative measures have been taken for
tracking the farmers at major market yards
under ‘Help the Farmer’ programme. Under
this, the market yards have been divided into
segments. Each segment has been entrusted to
a responsible officer. This Officer shall,
during the arrivals, take notice of every
farmer, who comes with his produce into his
segment. He will help the farmer to get a fair
price, for accurate weighment and also make
sure of prompt payment. This system has paid
rich dividends in winning the goodwill of the
farmer.
Electronic Weighing machines have been
introduced in important market yards for
ensuring accurate weighment of the farmers’
produce. Market Rules have been amended for
use of Electronic weighing machines only.
Food Processing
The Food Processing has been transferred to
the Industries and Commerce Department in
July 2009.
Market Fee Collections
The Market Committees have collected
Rs.348 crores towards market fee during
2008-09 and Rs.184 crores during 2009-10
(upto Sep. 09)
Rythu Bandhu Pathakam
Under the Rythu Bandhu Pathakam, the
department has spent more than Rs.20 crores
during 2009-10 for providing pledge loan to
the farmers to help them to avoid distress sale
of their produce benefiting 4758 farmers. No
interest is charged for first 3 months. There
are no budgetary restrictions for sanction of
loans under this scheme.
Rythu Bazars
The department has a network of 105 Rythu
Bazars in the State. About 45,000 farmers are
selling over 1.75 Lakh quintals of vegetables,
on an average every week through these Rythu
Bazars directly to the consumers. Mobile
Rythu Bazars are operating in Hyderabad and
Vijayawada cities for selling graded
vegetables. This has proved to be a good
success. A separate website has been created
exclusively for Rythu Bazars for Arrivals and
Prices information. http.//115.108.125.189/rbz
Farmer Awareness Programmes and
Health Camps
The department has earmarked 5% of Market
Committee Income for farmer Awareness
programmes. The department is also
conducting free medical camps for farmers
and their cattle every Quarter with the funds
of Agricultural Market Committees, by
spending Rs.20,000/- each quarter.
The department has also undertaken
modernization and development of market
yards with the Government of India assistance
as detailed below:
• 6-Markets i.e Suryapet, Miryalaguda,
Devarakadara, Gadwal, Pargi and Mulugu,
have been identified for Modernization
under the scheme with an outlay of
Rs.22.93 crores for 95 Works with 50%
loan from the Bank and 25% contribution
from AMC’s and 25% backend subsidy.
59
• Development of 45 Cotton markets under
Technology Mission Cotton (TMC) with
60% grant from GOI and 40% AMC share
with total financial outlay of Rs.90 crores
is nearing completion.
• Strengthening of one Jute market under
the scheme Mini Mission III of JTM-GOI
involving an amount of Rs.1.00 crore with
60% grant from GOI and 40% AMC share
is under progress.
• Action is being initiated to establish
Terminal Markets at Hyderabad,
Visakhapatnam and Tirupati to deal with
perishable commodities (Fruits and
vegetables) as per the Government of
India revised Guidelines.
***
 6. INDUSTRIES
6.1 The Industrial sector has gained in strength,
slowly yet surely in many ways over last
decade or so. It has become possible due to
proactive role of state viz., effective policy
implementation including single window
clearance and incentives, establishing world
class infrastructure and most importantly,
making available power at the cheapest
industrial tariff, thereby releasing
entrepreneurial energies in private as well as
public sector. A positive mindset of the vast
labour force across the industries has also
played its silent role in this growth process.
State is committed to provide world class
facilities like ports, airports, expressways,
quality power supply water supply etc.
Government have taken up various initiatives
to achieve the desired growth rates in the
Industry Sector during the Eleventh Five
Year Plan period.
Department of Industries was established in
1960 with the objective of establishing
Cottage and Small Scale Industries,
Industrial Co-operatives and extending credit
to artisans. Block-level training-cum-
production centres, Rural Artisan Complexes
and Guilds were established for giving
necessary training to the artisans in rural
areas. The Department has transformed into a
technical and promotional agency for
providing necessary assistance and service
for establishment of Industries. The
Department has implemented several Self
Employment Schemes promoted by State and
Central Governments for educated
unemployed youth. The Department has
rendered its services to other Government
agencies like DRDA, Youth Services, STEP
societies, SC/ST/BC/Minorities/Women’s
finance corporation etc. by providing
necessary technical guidance.
Department of Industries is now entrusted
with the task of attracting investments
(domestic and foreign) by preparing suitable
policies for various sectors of the Industry
and explore the availability of resources,
provide conducive industrial environment,
increase in labour intensive industries and
60
improve the exports by providing market
inputs to exporters.
Department of Industries is concentrating on
development of key sectors like
Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology, Food
Processing and Agro based, Chemicals,
Leather, Textiles, Precision components,
Aero-space Engineering, Electronics and
Semiconductors and Automobile and Auto-
components to accelerate the industrial
growth in the State by creating sector specific
industrial infrastructure such as Biotech
Parks, Textile Parks, Leather Parks, Auto
Parks, Fabcity and Hardware Parks.
District Industries Centres:
District Industries Centres were established
in 1978 to serve as the nodal agency in the
Districts to assist the entrepreneurs for
establishment of the Industries. The District
Industries Centres are entrusted with the
responsibility of providing all approvals/
clearances needed for setting up an Industry
under Single Window. The District Industries
Centres are implementing agencies of
MSMED Act and issue Entrepreneur
Memorandum (EM) for Micro, Small and
Medium Enterprises (MSME) besides
maintaining effective liaison with various
financial institutions in arranging required
credit facilities. District Industries Centres
maintains all the data pertaining to the
Industrial development of the District.
Single Window Act:
Government have enacted “Industrial Single
Window Clearance Act” in 2002 for speedy
processing and issue of various approvals/
clearances/ permissions required for setting
up of an Industrial undertaking and also to
create an investment friendly environment in
the State. Statutory time limits have been
prescribed for various departments and
concept of deemed approvals have been
introduced under this Act.
Since beginning of the Single Window Act,
70,302 clearances were issued under Single
window in respect of 40,129 units (Micro,
Small, Medium and Large units) with a
proposed investment of Rs.2,32,958 crores
and an employment potential of 9,40,869 as India (RBI) regional office at Hyderabad.
on 30-09-2009. Details are shown in Table 6.2.
District Industries Centres (DIC) have been
delegated the powers to process the proposals Table 6.2
upto Rs.5.00 crores investment in Plant and Foreign Direct Investment(FDI)
Machinery in District Single Window Equity
Clearance Committee (DSWCC). Year Amount
Large Scale Industries: (Jan-Dec) (Rs. Crores)
After introduction of Industrial Policy in 2005 723.28
August 1991, so far (upto 30.09.2009), 2006 2,517.47
Andhra Pradesh has received investment 2007 3,184.66
intentions (IEM) 6,689 proposals with an 2008 6,202.98
investment of Rs.4,37,925 crores to provide 2009 3,550.56
employment to 11,13,817 persons. Out of (up to Sept.09)
the above, 2,931 proposals have gone into Total 16,178.95
production with an investment of Rs.54,786 Secretariat for Industrial Assistance (SIA),
crores providing employment to 4,37,344 New Delhi stopped sending the FDI data to
persons. the state government since 2006. Above
Status of implementation as on 30.09.2009 is information is available in the website of
shown in Table 6.1. Department of Industrial Policy and
Table 6.1
Large Scale Industries
Promotion (DIPP).
Status No. of Investment Employ Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises:
Proposals (Rs. crores) ment Investment limits were enhanced with the
Gone into 2,931* 54,786 4,37,344 enactment of Micro, Small and Medium
Production
Under 530 85,703 1,28,560
Enterprises Development (MSMED) Act
implementa 2006. Government of India have unveiled a
tion policy best suited for the Micro, Small
Initial 1,486 2,00,648 2,72,705 Enterprises with the objective to achieve 15%
Stages annual growth rate, increase employment
Dropped 1,742 96,788 2,75,208 generation, create congenial and hassle-free
Total 6,689 4,37,925 11,13,817
environment, help the SSI sector to acquire
Source: Industries Department
new technologies and skills, improve the
* Many existing and proposed Medium and Large
Scale Industries were converted as Small and Medium export performance, promote linkage
Enterprise based on the investment limits specified in between the Large and Small Scale Sector
MSMED Act.2006. and to promote an appropriate institutional
Mega Projects mechanism to revive sick industries.
Projects with investment of more than 3,164 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Rs.100.00 crores are called Mega Projects. are established providing employment to
Since inception, as on 30-09-2009, 104 Mega 66,270 persons, involving an investment of
Projects with an investment of Rs.44,768 Rs.1776.00 crores during the year 2009-10(as
crores have gone into production. 81 Mega on 30-9-09).
projects with an investment of Rs. 76,106 The details of Large industrial proposals
crores are under active implementation and established and Medium, Micro and Small
177 Mega projects with an investment of Industries established, investment and
Rs.1,83,611 crores are in initial stages of employment are given in Annexure 6.1.
implementation. Prime Minister’s Employment Generation
Foreign Direct Investment: Programme (PMEGP)
The State has received Rs.16,178.95 crores The Government of India have introduced a
of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows new credit linked subsidy programme called
as equity from January 2005 to September, “Prime Minister’s Employment Generation
2009 as per the statement of Reserve Bank of Programme (PMEGP)” from September

61
 2008, by merging the two schemes i.e.,
PMRY and REGP for generation of
employment opportunities through
establishment of micro enterprises in rural as
well as urban areas. The PMEGP is a Central
sector scheme implemented by Ministry of
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and
will be implemented by KVIC, a statutory
body created by the Khadi and Village
Industries Act, 1956 which will be the single
National Level implementation agency for
PMEGP. It will directly execute the
programme in rural areas as defined in the
KVIC Act in association with KVIBs. The
scheme will be executed in other rural areas
as well as urban areas by the State
Governments through Commissioner of
Industries and Districts Industries Centers.
The subsidy will be placed at the disposal of
participating banks by the KVIC in respect of
targets that will be allocated to DICs.
The Scheme envisages 15% reservation for
SCs, 7.5% for STs, 27% for OBCs, 5% for
Minorities, 1% for Ex-Servicemen, 3% for
Physically Handicapped, 30% for Women
(overall).
Objectives of the Scheme:
i. To generate employment opportunities in
rural areas and urban areas through Self
employment ventures.
ii. To bring together widely dispersed
traditional Artisans, Rural and Urban
unemployed youth and give them Self
employment opportunities to the extent
possible, at their place.
iii. To provide continuous and sustainable
employment to a large segment of
traditional and prospective artisans and
Rural and Urban unemployed youth in the
Country so as to help arrest migration of
youth from Rural to Urban Areas.
iv. To increase the Wage earning capacity of
Artisans and contribute to increase in the
growth rate of Rural and Urban
employment.
Guidelines for implementation of the
Scheme:
i. Any individual above 18 years of age are
eligible to take up Business / Service /
Industry ventures without Income Ceiling.
ii. For setting up of project costing above
Rs.10.00 lakh in manufacturing (Industry)
sector and above Rs.5.00 lakh in the
Business / Service sector, the beneficiaries
should possess at least VIII standard pass
educational qualification.
iii. The maximum cost of the project /unit
admissible under manufacturing (Industry)
is Rs.25.00 lakhs, Rs.10.00 lakhs under
Business/Service sector.
iv. Self Help Groups (including those
belonging to BPL provided that they have
not availed benefits under any other
scheme) are also eligible for assistance
under PMEGP.
v. Assistance under the Scheme is available
only for new projects sanctioned
specifically under the PMEGP.
vi. Beneficiary’s contribution is 10% of
project cost for general categories and 5%
for Special Categories (including SC/ST/
OBC/Minorities/Women, Ex-servicemen,
Physically handicapped, NER, Hill and
Border areas etc.)
vii. Margin Money (rate of subsidy) for general
categories will be 15% in urban, 25% in
rural areas. For special categories 25% in
urban and 35% in rural areas which will be
a ‘one time assistance’.
viii. Normal rate of interest shall be charged.
Repayment schedule may range between 3
to 7 years.
ix. No Collateral security will be insisted upon
by Banks in line with guidelines of RBI for
projects involving loan up to Rs. 5.00 lakhs
in respect of projects cleared by the Task
Force.
District wise progress of PMEGP for the year
2009-10 is given in Annexure 6.2.
Rehabilitation of sick SSI units:
Government have introduced a Scheme
called A.P. Small Scale Industries Revival
Scheme (APSSIRS) to address the problem
of sickness in SSI sector. Under APSSIRS,
the Special Cell has convened 22 meetings
and sanctioned 58 relief and concessions.
Subsequently, State Government issued a
new revised scheme i.e., A.P. Small Scale
Sick Industries Revival and Rehabilitation
Scheme-2006 (APSSSIRRS) for revival of
sick enterprises to cover rehabilitation of
62
potentially viable enterprises and to prevent
incipient sickness.
Government also decided to set up "A.P.
Small Scale Sick Industries Revival and
Rehabilitation Fund" for the purpose of
partially compensating the sacrifices made by
the Financing Institutions, Banks etc.
The following relief and concessions are
being made available:
i). Relaxation from ULC Act:
Grant of permission to mortgage surplus land
by exempting under section 20 of the Urban
Land Ceiling (ULC) Act in favour of banks /
financial institutions, as proposed in the
Industrial Investment Promotion Policy,
2005-10.
ii) Healthy Industrial Relation:
The Labour department would take pro-
active action for amicable settlement of
disputes between management and
representatives of labour so as to ensure
success of the rehabilitation package with the
cooperation of the workers.
iii) Interest rebate to Banks/Financial
Institutions:
The backbone of the new revised policy is to
encourage the Banks/Financial institutions
for servicing the sick units and provide a
rehabilitation package for their quick revival
to join the main stream. 6% interest subsidy
will be provided to all identified/eligible sick
units, subject to maximum of Rs.2.00 lakhs
per year for a maximum period of three
years. However, the component of the
interest to be reimbursed shall be projected
by the financing bank to the State Level
Committee after following the guidelines.
Once the State Level Committee accepts the
proposal, the Commissioner of Industries
shall draw the eligible interest subsidy on
annual basis and reimburse to the financing
bank.
iv) Deferment of Commercial Tax (CT)
Arrears:
Arrears of payment of purchase tax, sales tax
and interest towards non-payment of sales tax
shall be deferred for 3 years from the date of
grant of revival package. The amount so
deferred will be recovered in six equal half-
yearly installments effective after three years
tax holiday.
63
v) Relief in Energy Charges:
a)If the sick industrial unit under
consideration has to pay arrears of Current
Consumption (CC) charges, it may be given
choice either to pay the entire arrears of CC
Charges up to date of disconnection with
interest and 4 months minimum charges
during closure period without interest +
Contracted maximum demand (CMD)
charges in one lump sum for new connection,
the percentage of interest charged by
APTRANSCO/DISCOM on the arrears of
CC charges will be subsidized to the extent
of 15% of interest charged from out of the
percentage of the total interest charges and
the same will be paid to APTRANSCO
subject to a maximum of Rs.5.00 lakhs and
the balance percentage of interest charges
shall be borne by the beneficiary (which
includes surcharge and penal interest etc.)
b)If the Industrial unit under consideration
opts for payment of arrears of CC charges up
to the date of disconnection with interest and
4 months minimum charges during closure
period without interest + CMD charges in 3
annual installments then it will be permitted
to pay by 1/3 of the dues each year, with
reimbursement of 15% of the interest charged
from out of the percentage of the total
interest charged to APTRANSCO by
Government, subject to a maximum of
Rs.3.00 Lakhs per year for a period of three
years, and the balance percentage of interest
charges shall be borne by the beneficiary
(which includes surcharge and penal interest
etc).
Industrial Incentives:
Industrial Investment Promotion Policy
2005-10:
Government of Andhra Pradesh have
announced Industrial Investment Promotion
Policy 2005-10, in the year 2005 extending
various incentives for the SSI & Tiny Sector
and Large & Medium Scale Industries other
than located in the Municipal Corporation
areas of Hyderabad, Vijayawada and
Visakhapatnam. The objective of the policy
is to provide quality infrastructure at the
doorstep of the industry, facilitate the
industries meet the global quality standards
and to support the industries for acquiring the
latest methods and technological
advancements taking place all over the
world.
Projects involving substantial expansion /
diversification of existing industries in the
eligible lines of activities are also entitled for
benefits offered under the policy.
Following are the incentives:
1.0 SSI/Tiny units:
1.1 15% investment subsidy on fixed
capital investment will be given subject
to a maximum of Rs.15.00lakhs.
1.2 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty
and transfer duty paid by the industry on
purchase of land meant for industrial use.
1.3 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty for
Lease of Land/Shed/ Buildings.
1.4 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty
and transfer duty paid by the industry on
financial deeds and mortgages etc.
1.5 25% rebate on land cost limited to
Rs.5.00 lakhs in Industrial
Estates/Industrial Development Areas
developed by APIIC.
1.6 Power cost will be reimbursed @
Rs.0.75 per unit during the first year of
the policy and thereafter for the
remaining four years, the rate of
reimbursement would be so regulated on
yearly basis, keeping in view of the
changes in the tariff structures to ensure
that power cost to the industry is pegged
down to the first year’s level policy
throughout availment period of the
benefit. Benefit will be available for 5
years from the date of commencement of
Commercial production.
1.7 25% of the Value added tax paid during
one financial year will be ploughed back
as a grant by the Government towards the
payment of tax during next year. Benefit
will be available for 5 years from the date
of commencement of production i.e., upto
6th year.
1.8 3% interest subsidy on Prime Lending
Rate (PLR) will be given on the term
loan taken by new Tiny/SSI industrial
units subject to a maximum of Rs.5.00
lakh per year for a period of 5 years.
1.9 8% subsidy on capital equipment for
technology upgradation.
64
1.10 50% subsidy limited to Rs.1.00 lakh on
the expenses incurred for quality
certification
1.11 25% subsidy on specific cleaner
production measures limited to Rs.5.00
Lakhs.
1.12 50% subsidy limited to Rs.5.00 lakhs
on the expenses incurred for patent
registration
2.0 Units other than SSI/Tiny units (Large
and Medium Scale Industries)
2.1 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty
and transfer duty paid by the industry on
purchase of land meant for industrial use.
2.2 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty for
Lease of Land/Shed/ Buildings.
2.3 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty
and Transfer duty paid by the industry on
financial deeds and mortgages etc.
2.4 25% rebate on land cost limited to
Rs.5.00 lakhs in Industrial
Estates/Industrial Development Areas
developed by APIIC.
2.5 Power cost will be reimbursed @
Rs.1.00 per unit during the first year of
the policy and thereafter for the
remaining four years the rate of
reimbursement would be so regulated on
yearly basis, keeping in view of the
changes in the tariff structures to ensure
that power cost to the industry is pegged
down to the first year’s level policy
throughout availment period of the
benefit. Benefit will be available for 5
years from the date of commencement of
Commercial production.
2.6 25% of the value added tax paid during
one financial year will be ploughed back
to the units as a grant by the Government
towards the payment of tax during next
year. Benefit will be available for 5 years
from the date of commencement of
production i.e. upto 6th year.
2.7 Infrastructure like roads, power and
water will be provided at door step of the
industry for stand alone units by
contributing 50% of the cost of
infrastructure from Industrial
Infrastructure Development Fund with a
ceiling of Rs.1.00 crore subject to (a) the
location should be beyond 10 kms from

2.8 50% subsidy on the expenses incurred
for quality certification limited to Rs.1.00
Lakh.
2.9 25% subsidy on cleaner production
measures limited to Rs.5.00 Lakhs.
2.10 50% subsidy on the expenses incurred
for patent registration limited to Rs.5.00
Lakhs.
3.0 Mega Projects
3.1 Mega projects i.e. projects with an
investment of Rs.100 crores and above
are eligible for all the incentives available
for Large and Medium Scale Industries.
3.2 Further, the Government will also
extend tailor-made benefits to suit to
particular investment requirements on
case- to- case basis.
4.0 Special Incentives to Women
Entrepreneurs:
4.1 5% Additional Investment subsidy on
fixed capital investment limited to Rs.5
Lakhs to Micro and Small Enterprises.
4.2 5% of project cost will be provided as
seed capital assistance to Micro and
Small Enterprises as a grant for
industries, which were sanctioned seed
capital assistance by Prime Lending
Institutions under National Equity Fund
Scheme limited to Rs.5.00 Lakhs.
4.3 A 5% interest subsidy on Prime
Lending Rate (PLR) will be given on the
term loan taken by new Micro and Small
Enterprises subject to a maximum of
Rs.5.00 lakh per year for a period of 5
years.
5.0 Special Incentives to SC/ST
Entrepreneurs:
5.1 35% subsidy on fixed capital
investment, Additional 5% subsidy for
SC/ST Women and additional 5%
Investment Subsidy for the units set up in
the scheduled areas by ST entrepreneurs
and ST Women entrepreneurs. Maximum
limit per unit is Rs.50.00 lakhs.
65
5.2 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty
and transfer duty on purchase of land
meant for industrial use.
5.3 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty for
Lease of Land/Shed/ Buildings.
5.4 100% reimbursement of Stamp duty
and transfer duty on financial deeds and
mortgages etc.
5.5 33.33 % rebate on land cost in
IEs/IDAs limited to Rs. 5.00 Lakhs
5.6 40% investment subsidy for the units
set up in Scheduled areas by ST
entrepreneurs or ST women entrepreneurs
with a maximum limit per unit is
Rs.50.00 Lakhs.
5.7 Power cost will be reimbursed @
Rs.1.00 per unit for 5 years to all those
units which commence commercial
production on or before 31-3-2010.
5.8 50% of the VAT / CST Reimbursement
for 5 (five) years to all those units which
commence commercial production on or
before 31-3-2010.
5.9 5% Interest subsidy on Prime Lending
Rate (PLR) on the term loan and working
capital taken by the Micro and Small
Enterprises subject to a maximum of Rs.
5.00 Lakhs per year for a period of 5
years.
5.10 5% of project cost will be provided as
seed capital assistance to New MSEs as a
grant under National Equity Fund
Scheme limited to Rs.5.00 Lakhs.
5.11 For Micro and Small Enterprises
Infrastructure like roads, power and water
will be provided at door step for stand
alone units by contributing 50% of the
cost of infrastructure from IIDF with a
ceiling of Rs.1.00 Crore.
5.12 50% of the cost of infrastructure is
raised to 75% in respect of units set up by
ST entrepreneurs in Scheduled areas.
5.13 8% subsidy on capital equipment for
technology upgradation limited to
Rs.50.00 lakhs (for MSEs)
5.14 50% subsidy on the expenses incurred
for quality certification limited to Rs.
1.00 Lakh.
5.15 25% subsidy on cleaner production
measures limited to Rs.5.00 Lakhs
 5.16 50% subsidy on the expenses incurred
for patent registration limited to Rs. 5.00
Lakhs.
Pavala Vaddi Scheme:
Government have introduced a new Interest
Subsidy Scheme of “Pavala Vaddi” to reduce
the financial burden for setting up of New
Micro and Small Enterprises including Food
Processing Industries in the State. The
Scheme shall be applicable to the Term Loan
availed on Fixed Capital Investment by the
eligible new Micro and Small Enterprises on
or after 1-4-2008. The new Micro and Small
Enterprises shall commence commercial
production after 1-4-2008 and before 31-3-
2010. The new Micro and Small enterprises
under IIPP-2005-10, availing term loan from
scheduled commercial Banks recognized by
Reserved Bank of India, APSFC and SIDBI
only are eligible under this scheme.
i. The reimbursable interest on term loan is
that portion which is in excess of 3% per
annum, subject to a maximum
reimbursement of 9% per annum.
ii. The interest amount paid by the new
eligible Micro and Small enterprises to the
Financial Institutions/ Banks on the term
loan availed will be reimbursed with a
maximum limit of 9% on half yearly basis
through the concerned Financial
Institutions/ Banks. Benefit will be
available for a period of 5 years from the
date of commencement of commercial
production i.e., upto 1st half of 6th year or
till the closure of the term loan account,
whichever is earlier.
iii. This reimbursement to the unit shall not
include penal interest, liquidated damages
etc. paid to the Financial Institutions /
Banks.
iv. The benefit shall be extended only to the
eligible new units which are promptly and
regularly repaying the loan installments of
principal and interest.
v. The loan accounts that are classified as
over due in the books of the bank at the
time of half yearly closing and that which
are classified as Non-performing assets at
year-end closing are ineligible. However, if
they resume on-time repayments and
regularize the arrears, they are eligible for
the incentive in the next half yearly period.
vi. The benefit shall be extended only to
eligible new Micro and Small enterprises
set up in the State except in the Municipal
Corporation limits of Visakhapatnam,
Vijayawada and Hyderabad. However,
units under expansion/ diversification are
not eligible for this benefit.
vii. The classification of enterprises as Micro
and Small enterprises shall be as per the
MSMED Act, 2006.
viii. All the definitions and other guidelines not
mentioned in the G.O. shall be followed as
per the operational guidelines of IIPP-
2005-10 Scheme.
Food Processing Policy of AP:
The objective of the policy is to develop
value added Agro Industries in Andhra
Pradesh as a major vehicle of growth for its
trade and economy, to generate large scale
employment in the rural areas and provide
high returns to farmers, to maximize use of
the opportunities and potential in agriculture
and related sectors, in which Andhra Pradesh
has significant strength, by creating vital
linkages and synergies between Agriculture
and Industry. Government have announced
various incentives under Food Processing
Policy of A.P. including reimbursement of
Power @ Rs.1/- per unit exclusively to the
Food Processing units.
Bio-technology Park:
Government of Andhra Pradesh intends to
provide high quality infrastructure at a
reasonable cost with integrated services to
Biotech manufacturing units by setting up a
series of Biotech parks throughout the State.
Shapoorji Pallonji Biotech Park is such park
set up at Turkapalli (Village), Shamirpet
(Mandal), Ranga Reddy District in an area of
300 acres with a private promoter. To cater to
the needs of increasing demand for space, an
additional space of about 1.2 million sq.ft. is
being developed in Phase-II of the park.
There are 15 units in Phase-I and 15 units in
Phase-II. This apart, APIIC has taken up
development of Biotech Park at Karakapatla
(V), Mulugu (M) of Medak District in an
area of 609 acres, which is adjacent to Phase-
I of SP Biotech Park in Toopran (V). Out of
66
the above 609 acres of land, an exclusive
extent of 100 acres is earmarked and
developed as Biotech Special Economic
Zone (SEZ). Government have constituted an
Advisory Committee for Biotechnology Park,
which will advise the Government on the
infrastructure to be created, types of units to
be allotted site in the Park etc.
Industrial Infrastructure Development
Fund (IIDF):
Government have introduced a new scheme
called “Industrial Infrastructure Development
Fund (IIDF)” for providing financial
assistance to infrastructure facilities at the
doorstep of the proposed industrial estates /
unit:
a. Drinking Water and Industrial Water
b. Electricity
c. Telecommunications
d. Drainage, Laying of drainage line
from the Unit/Industrial Estate to the
existing point or to the natural
drainage point.
e. Roads.
f. Any other infrastructure facilities as
approved by the Government; SLC.
g. Common Effluent Treatment plants.
Industries which are declared as “ineligible
industries” under the Industrial Policies
announced time to time are not eligible for
financial assistance from Industrial
infrastructure Development Fund.
Government Estates shall only be considered
to have the benefits of the IIDF. Industries
proposed to be located in place other than
industrial areas (isolated areas) are eligible
for financial assistance towards the cost of
infrastructure facilities up to 50% of the cost
of the project or Rs. 100.00 lakhs which ever
is less, if such a location is otherwise
justified. The decision of the SLC shall be
final on such eligibility. The cost of
Infrastructure to be developed should not
exceed more than 15% of the total project
cost of the unit. Further, in respect of the
IALA Societies, which are unable to
contribute 30% requirement for undertaking
works under CIBF scheme, a part or whole of
the 30% can be met by Government from
IIDF on a case to case selective basis
depending on the occupancy, general
67
performance, future prospects and any other
specific reasons. Further, these guidelines
shall not apply for projects undertaken by
APIIC, TRANSCO, Metro Water Supply
Board and A.P Pollution Control Board.
Growth Centres:
Government of India with a view to act as
magnets for attracting industries in backward
districts, have approved Growth Centres to
provide best infrastructure facilities available
in the country in respect of power, water,
telecommunication. The cost of each Growth
Centre is Rs.30 crores. The financing pattern
of the Growth Centre is in the ratio of 2:1.
The Government of India have sanctioned 4
Growth Centres to the State which are being
set up at Bobbili in Vizianagaram District,
Ongole in Prakasam District, Hindupur in
Ananthapur District and Jadcherla in
Mahabubnagar District. The APIIC Ltd. is
the implementing agency for the
establishment of Growth Centres.
Critical Infrastructure Balancing Scheme
(CIBS):
Government have introduced a new scheme
called ‘CIBS’ under which funds will be
made available to the Industrial Associations
/Service Societies/ NGOs for the upgradation
of the infrastructural facilities such as water
supply, power, laying of roads, Effluent
Treatment Plants, etc. in the existing IEs/ SSI
clusters identified under the SSI cluster
development programmes. The funds will be
provided/reimbursed in the ratio of 1:1
between Government and IAs/Service
Societies/NGOs. In some cases, where
number of sick and closed units and vacant
plots are more than 50%, APIIC will share
20% of the estimated cost and the service
societies have to contribute only 30% of the
project cost.
Integrated Infrastructural Development
Centres (IIDC):
Integrated Infrastructural Development
Centre (IIDC) is to facilitate to setting up of
industries in rural/backward areas and to
provide stronger linkages between
Agriculture and Industry. The cost of the
Centre will be financed by the Central
Government by way of grant and the balance
as loan from SIDBI.
Government of India have sanctioned 6 IIDC
centres in the State which will be developed
by the APIIC Ltd.
1) IIDC, Udumulapur, near Nandyal
2) IIDC, Tada, Nellore District.
3) IIDC, Keelapattu (V) Nagari, Chittoor
District.
4) IIDC, Madikonda, Warangal District.
5) IIDC, Gajularamaram, RR Dist.
6) IIDC, Surampally, Vijayawada
The status of implementation of above
centres is as follows:
IIDC, Udumulapur: The approved cost of
the IID Centre is Rs.235.99 lakhs. The cost
of the Centre will be financed by way of
Rs.2.00 crores grant by Central Government
and the balance as loan from SIDBI. The
Government of India have so far released an
amount of Rs.65.50 lakhs as grant and the
APIIC Ltd., has incurred an amount of
Rs.175.08 lakhs towards development of the
Centre. The APIIC Ltd. have acquired an
extent of land measuring 68.55 acres situated
at Nandyal (M) Kurnool Dist. for the
development of centre. 92 plots are
developed, 14 plots allotted and 5 units are
already set up.
IIDC, Tada: Government of India have
approved IIDC, Tada, Nellore District with a
total cost of Rs.404.69 lakhs. Govt. of India
have so far released Rs.94.00 lakhs as grant-
in-aid towards the development of the centre.
APIIC Ltd. is developing the IIDC in an area
of 110.86 acres. The APIIC Ltd had incurred
an amount of Rs.193.33 lakhs. 181 plots are
developed and so far, 5 units were
established covering 65 Nos of plots.
IIDC, Keelapattu: Government of India
have approved IIDC Keelapattu, Chittoor
District with a project cost of Rs.499.10
lakhs and APIIC as the implementing
agency. The development work is yet to be
started by the APIIC Ltd.
IIDC,Madikonda: Government of India
have approved IIDC, Madikonda, Warangal
District at a total cost of Rs.452.23 lakhs and
the APIIC Ltd., as the implementing Agency.
The development work is yet to be started by
the APIIC Ltd.
IIDC, Surampally (V), Vijayawada:
Government of India have approved the
setting up of IIDC at Surampally Village at
an estimated cost of Rs.370.00 lakhs which
will be implemented by Association of Lady
Entrepreneurs of Andhra Pradesh (ALEAP).
The Government of India so far released an
amount of Rs. 52.33 lakhs as a grant to the
ALEAP towards establishment of IIDC. The
ALEAP is developing IIDC in an area of 29
acres which is under implementation.
IIDC, Gajularamaram: Government of
India have approved for setting up of IIDC at
Gajularamaram,R.R.District at an estimated
cost of Rs.347.00 lakhs and also released an
amount of Rs.1.40 crores as a grant to
ALEAP for setting up of IIDC, at
Gajularamaram. The ALEAP is the
implementing agency and it has developed
the IIDC in an area of 30 acres and
developed 136 plots and allotted all the plots
to the women entrepreneurs. 64 units are
already set up.
***
INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Special Economic Zones(SEZ):
6.2 Government of India have given approval to
103 SEZs in Andhra Pradesh. Out of this, 73
SEZs are notified in the gazette of
Government of India. Of the 73 notified, 40
SEZs have already become operational
creating 54,776 jobs with 35,269 direct
employment and 19,507 indirect employment
achieved.
Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure
Corporation (APIIC) is a Nodal Agency for
development of SEZs on behalf of
Government of Andhra Pradesh.
APSEZ, a Multi-Product SEZ at
Visakhapatnam is being developed in an
extent of Acs.5,448 at Atchutapuram and
Rambilli Mandals of Visakhapatnam. This
SEZ was notified by Government of India in
April, 2007. All the external infrastructure
like four-laning of existing single lane of
Atchutapuram, Pudimadaka Road, water
supply to the periphery and Power Supply
were already provided. The special Logistic
Corridor connecting SEZ to dedicated Port of
Gangavaram Port is under formulation.
APIIC is developing the Multipurpose SEZ
at Naidupet (PS Nellore District) and
68
Aerospace and Precision Engineering SEZ at
Adibatla, R.R. District.
APIIC is also developing IT & ITESs, SEZs
in tier-2 cities at Visakhapatnam, Kakinada,
Vijayawada, Tirupati, Kadapa, Warangal
District.
A major IT cluster in 165 acres at Madhapur,
Hi-Tech City was developed by A.P.
Industrial Infrastructure Corporation Limited
(APIIC) and L & T Limited. K.Raheja I T
Park was developed by K.Raheja and APIIC
in an extent of 110 Acres.
So far, about 20 lakhs sq. feet was
constructed in Cyber Towers, Cyber Gateway
and Cyber Pearl. Hi-Tech city has provided
employment to about 60,000 people.
K.Raheja I.T. park was constructed in around
7 million sq.ft and provides employment to
40,000 people.
Hardware Park:
Hardware Park developed in an extent of
1109 acres at Ravirayal (V), Maheshwaram
(M), has provided employment to 20,263
people.
FAB City:
Another major project being developed by
APIIC is FAB City at Srinagar and Ravirayal
(V), in an extent of 1,173 acres. This is the
first such initiative to develop Semi
Conductor Industry in India.
APPCPIR:
Government of India have accorded approval
in March, 2009 for development of
Petroleum Chemical and Petrochemical
Investment Region (AP PCPIR) in
Visakhapatnam – Kakinada Region in an
extent of 603.58 Sq.Km. A Memorandum of
Agreement (MOA) was signed between
Government of India and Government of
Andhra Pradesh on 01-10-2009.
Government of Andhra Pradesh has
constituted a Special Development Authority
as Visakahpatnam – Kakinada Petroleum,
Chemical and Petrochemical Investment
Region Special Development Authority
(VKPCPIRSDA) for planned growth of the
area by making master plan, providing civil
amenities etc, in the SDA area.
AP Gas Infrastructure Corporation:
Krishna-Godavari Basin, located on the
eastern coast of Andhra Pradesh, is one of the
69
most promising areas for exploration and
production of oil and natural gas. It is
projected to be one of the largest Oil/ Gas
fields in the world. Although the
development for the exploration commenced
over a decade ago, the State government did
not participate in the activity so far. The need
was strongly felt for State Governments’
participation in the Upstream (exploration
and production), Midstream (Service sector),
Downstream (Distribution) activities of
petroleum and natural gas sector playing the
role of the facilitator which will help in
optimizing the utilization of the Gas in the
State, thereby ensuring Industrial Growth,
and employment generation.
Keeping this in view, a decision was taken to
form a Special Purpose Vehicle with APIIC
and APGENCO holding the equity in the
ratio of 51:49 respectively. A decision was
taken for creation of an exclusive entity viz.,
Andhra Pradesh Gas Infrastructure
Corporation (APGIC) and the same was
incorporated under the Companies Act 1956.
It was decided that APGIC would join
ONGC led consortium considering their
extensive presence in the K.G basin area and
past experience in the field. It is pertinent to
note that ONGC is the largest public sector
undertaking in India and the most
experienced player in the oil and gas
exploration business. Thereby, APGIC will
play a facilitator role and thus restricted its
participation to 10%.
APGIC as a consortium member of ONGC,
has participated in the bidding of all the 5
blocks (1- deep water block, 4-Shallow
Water block) and won 4-blocks ( ie 1- deep
water block, 3-Shallow Water block). The
consortium includes ONGC, BRITISH GAS
(INDIA), NTPC and OIL INDIA Ltd.
It has been indicated that the total
commitment for the initial 4 years which
covers Geo-Technical studies will be around
US $ 265 million for the 3-Shallow blocks.
The share of APGIC will be around US $
26.5 millions. The probable expenditure for
Deep Water block comes to US $ 14
millions. Therefore total probable
expenditure for APGIC for initial Geo-
Technical studies comes to Rs.200.00 crores
for all the 4–blocks that were won in NELP-
VIII.
The Production Sharing Contract (PSC) with
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas is
expected to be signed shortly by ONGC and
its consortium partners.
To maximize utilization of Gas in AP. for
Industrial use, it is being explored to identify
both national and international companies for
laying extensive pipe line network within the
state connecting domestic, commercial and
Industrial users of Gas.
***
Index of Industrial Production (IIP):
The Index of Industrial Production is a
yardstick of measuring the Industrial growth
in the State. It indicates the relative change
of physical production in the field of industry
during specific period as compared to the
previous period. The Index of Industrial
Production is estimated on monthly basis by
collecting data from the selected units of
Manufacturing, Mining and Quarrying and
Electricity. The main objective is to estimate
the contribution of three major sectors of
Industrial Sector to the Gross State Domestic
Product.
In the State, the Index of Industrial
Production is being compiled with Base Year
1993-94 for 17 industrial classifications at
two-digit level under manufacturing sector.
The estimates of Index of industrial
production for the period April, 2009 to
October,2009 (provisional) for Andhra
Pradesh have been compiled. The General
Index for April, 2009 to October, 2009 shows
a growth of 3.9% over the same period of
previous year. The growth at all India level
for the period April, 2009 to October, 2009 is
7.1%. The growth in the Mining and
Quarrying Sector has registered a growth of
1.1%for the period April, 2009 to October,
2009 over the corresponding period in
previous year. Where as, the growth in the
manufacturing and electricity sectors are
3.0% and 12.6% respectively. The growth in
the Mining and Quarrying, manufacturing
and electricity sectors for all India are 7.9%,
7.1% and 6.5% for the period April, 2009 to
October, 2009 as compared to the
corresponding period of previous year. The
indices of industrial production under Mining
and Quarrying, Manufacturing and
Electricity sectors and General Index from
2004-05 to 2008-09 and 2009-10 (April-
October) are given in Annexure 6.3.
Use-based groups are integral part of the
Index of Industrial Production, divided into
four major groups i.e., Basic Goods, Capital
Goods, Intermediate Goods and Consumer
Goods. Basic Goods, Capital Goods,
Intermediate Goods and Consumer Goods
have registered growth of 5.2%, 8.9%, 1.2%
and 1.4% respectively in the period April,
2009 to October, 2009 (provisional) as
compared to the corresponding period of
previous period. Consumer Durables and
Consumer Non-Durables have registered a
growth of 9.4% and 1.2% (provisional)
respectively as compared to the
corresponding period of previous year.
Annual Survey of Industries
The Annual Survey of Industries is the
principal source of Industrial Statistics in the
State. It is conducted once in a year to
collect the data from the Organised
Manufacturing units registered under Section
2m(i) & 2m(ii) of the factories Act 1948. It
refers to the factories employing 10 or more
workers and using power or those employing
20 or more workers but not using power and
Beedi and Cigar units registered under
Beedis, Cigar worker (Conditions at
Employment) Act 1966.
The main objectives of Annual Survey of
Industries are:
• Estimation of the contribution of
manufacturing Industries as a whole and
of each type of Industry to the State
Income.
• Systematic study of the structure of the
Industry as a whole and of each type of
Industry.
• Analysis of various factors influencing
Industries in the State.
The data for 16 principal characteristics
based on industries are given in Annexure 6.4
STATE LEVEL PUBLIC
ENTERPRISES
6.3 There are 29 state level public enterprises
(SLPEs) functioning in the state. As per the
70
 working results of these SLPEs, the
performance during the year 2006-07 is as
follows:
Capital Employed: The capital employed by
all the 29 state level public enterprises was
Rs.28,066.43 crores. The Top five state level
public enterprises whose ‘Capital employed’
is highest are Housing Corporation,
A.P.GENCO, Singareni Colleries Co.,
A.P.TRANSCO and APSFC. The capital
employed by the top five SLPEs constitute
90.43 % of the total capital employed by all
the SLPEs in the state, as against 87.75%
during the previous year.
Turnover:
The total turnover (including other income)
made by all the 29 public enterprises was
Rs.25,320.64 crores. The Top five state level
public enterprises whose turnover is highest
are - State Beverages Corporation, A.P.
GENCO, APSRTC, Singareni Colleries Co.,
Ltd., and Civil Supplies Corporation. The
turnover achieved by the top five state level
public enterprises to total turnover works out
to 87.55 % as against 84.51% during the
previous year.
Profit:
18 SLPEs, out of the 29 have made profit
totaling to Rs.756.71 crores during 2006-07.
The Top five state level public enterprises
that made profits during 2006-07 are
APGENCO(Rs.286.87 crores), Singareni
Collieries Co. Ltd.(SCCL) (Rs.145.51
crores), A.P. Mineral Development Corp.
Ltd. (Rs.88.66 crores), A.P TRANSCO
(Rs.57.21 crores), and APIIC (Rs.45.91
crores). The total profit made by these five
SLPEs is Rs.624.16 crores, which is 82.48%
of the total profit made by all the 18 profit
making SLPEs.
***
MINES AND GEOLOGY
6.4 Minerals form as a major resource and
contribute considerably to the economic
growth of the state. Andhra Pradesh is
renowned as the mineral store house of the
south and established as a prime mineral
producer in the Country.
The varied geology of the state has rich and
wide variety of minerals useful for mineral
specific industry. 48 varieties of minerals
71
have been identified so far and important
among them are -- Gold, Diamond, Bauxite,
Beach Sand, Limestone, Coal, Oil and
Natural Gas, Manganese, Dolomite, Quartz,
Feldspar, Precious and Semi-precious stones,
Clays, Calcite, Steatite Iron Ore, Base
Metals, Barytes, Uranium, Granite,
Limestone Slabs, Marbles, Dimensional
Stones and other Building Materials etc.
Policy:
The State with vast mineral potential has
worked out certain strategies to explore,
exploit and develop the mineral sector with
the constructive cooperation of both private
and public sectors. The State has focused on
the inventory of mineral resources, key issues
of legislation, objective and strategies in tune
with the National Mineral Policy in
accelerating the growth in the liberal regime
and thereby leading to overall development
of the mining sector. The main aim of State
Mineral Policy is to serve as a guiding force
to translate the State’s mineral potential into
reality with the objectives of eco-friendly and
sustainable mining.
A.P. is rapidly changing and emerging as a
Minerals State of Global importance and
growth of Mineral Economy is seen in the
foot prints across the country. The State is
constantly encouraging new entrepreneurs to
ground Mining and Mineral Projects through
effective implementation of Government
policies and quick disposal for Mineral
Concession Applications. The progressive
strategies and Polices of the state have
culminated in growth of leases, extent,
Mineral Production, Mineral Value and
grounding of Mineral Based Industries.
A.P. with vast major and minor mineral
resources have granted 2,039 MLs for major
minerals and around 9,052 quarry leases for
minor minerals under both private and public
sectors. The State produces about 80 to 90
million tonnes of major mineral and 300
million cubic meters of minor minerals.
Mineral Resources
Andhra Pradesh is well known globally for
variety of rocks & minerals and called as
‘Ratna Garbha’, a State endowed with variety
of minerals. Many of the ancient travelers
and historians have mentioned about ancient
mining of Gold, Diamond, Base Metals, • The State is well known for Gold,
Precious Stones etc. A.P. is repository of Diamond, Precious and Semi Precious
many minerals and has tremendous potential stones occurrences over vast areas.
for mining and development; contain • There are huge deposits of Bauxite in
varieties of Litho units/ Rocks, which contain East Godavari and Visakhapatnam
host of industrial and non-industrial minerals. districts.
Andhra Pradesh is geologically unique and • Krishna - Godavari on shore and off
consists of Igneous, Volcanic, Metamorphic shore basin contain huge reserves of oil
and Sedimentary formations range in age and natural gas.
from most ancient (Archean) to • The State also contains huge uranium
recent(teriaries), and contain Peninsular deposits in Kadapa and Nalgonda
gneissic complex, Dharwars, Eastern ghats, districts.
Cuddapah, Pakhal, Penganga, Bheema • Andhra Pradesh is only State in the entire
Kurnool (Palnadu,) Gondwana, Deccan traps, Southern India which contains large
Tertiary and Quaternary formations. These deposits of Coal.
formations with different Litho Units / Rocks • The State also has number of scattered
contain host of industrial, Non-Industrial, low grade iron ore deposits in Prakasam,
Metallic Minerals. Krishna, Khammam, Karimnagar,
Estimates of some of these important mineral Kurnool and Kadapa districts.
reserves are given in Table 6.3.
• The State is well known for exclusive
Table 6.3
Estimated Mineral Reserve granite varieties viz., Chimakurthy Black
Item Unit Quantity Galaxy Granite, Srikakulam Blue,
Million Khammam and Warangal Black granite
Coal 17,146
Tonnes Karimnagar Tan Brown etc., and
Limestone ,, 35,179 producing about 8.00 Lakh CUM of
Bauxite ,, 615
various varieties of black and multi color
Barytes ,, 70
Beach Sands ,, 241 granites.
,, The department of Mines and Geology is
Gold (ore) 12.10 entrusted with both promotional and
Beach Sand ,, 241
Diamond Lakh carats 18.23
regulatory functions for overall development
Million of mineral sector and also collection of
Granite 2,406 mineral revenue to the State Exchequer. The
Cubic Meters
Source:-Mines and Geology Department
department is overseeing the functions of
receipt and processing of mineral concession
Andhra Pradesh is comfortably placed in applications, grant of leases for Minor
various Minerals such as Limestone(34%), Minerals, approval of Mine Plans, Inspection
Coal(10%), Mica(86%), Dolomites(11%), of Mines, curbing of illicit Mining and
Bauxite(40%), Barytes(96%), Clays(30%), Transportation, Vigilance, monitoring of
Heavy mineral beach sand(40%), Mineral Production, Survey and Demarcation
Manganese(10%), Feldspar(11%), Quartz, of areas, Mineral Revenue Collection,
Silica sand Soapstone(16%), Gold, Mineral Investigations and explorations and
Diamonds(16%), Uranium, Oil and Natural dissemination of Mineral information.
gas, Iron ore, Semi-precious stones, Leases and Mining
Granite(40%), Slates, Limestone slabs, There are 2,039 Mining leases and 9052
Marbles, Dimensional and Building quarry leases for Major minerals (Industrial
stones(40%). Minerals) and Minor Minerals (Construction
Minerals) with an extent of 1,02,376 hects
• The State is first in Barytes, Limestone and 30,736 hectares respectively and 35
and Beach sand heavy Mineral deposits Reconnaissance permits ( Gold, Diamond,
in the country. Base metals, Precious metals). Mining for
coal, Limestone, Barytes and Natural Gas

72
falls under large scale mechanized sector,
Granite, Dolomite, quartz, feldspar, Clays
etc. Nearly 90% of the Mines fall under small
sector and remaining 10% falls under
medium and large sectors.
Mineral Based Industries
97 principle large and medium scale mineral
based industries have been established in
Public and Private sectors for manufacture of
cement, steel, sponge Iron, Fertilizers, Ferro
Alloys, Glass, Oil refinery, Fibre Glass,
Ceramics, Refractories, Zinc refinery,
Chemicals etc. A.P. is the 2nd largest cement
producer in the country. There are 18 major
and 17 mini cement plants with an installed
capacity of 23 Million Tons per annum. In
addition, there are about 5,000 Granite,
Marble and Limestone cutting and polishing
units, Slate cutting units, mica processing
units, Gem cutting and faceting units, Granite
monuments manufacturing units, Pulverizing
units, stone crushers, mosaic and ceramic tile
units, lime kilns, and Rock stone sand units.
Focus Minerals and Industries
The mining sector is identified as one of the
growth engines and certain minerals have
been identified as focus minerals viz Bauxite,
Heavy minerals, Beach Sand, Limestone,
Coal, Gold, Diamond, Dolomite, Oil and
Natural gas, Uranium. Garnet, Granite,
Titanium, etc. In addition Cement, Thermal
Plants, Refinery, Cutting and Faceting,
Mining and Refinery, Steel and Sponge,
Refinery Etc., as focus industry for over all
growth and development of the mining sector
from the State.
Mineral Production and Value
The mineral consumption is increasing due to
promotion of various industries and
manufacture of mineral based products. State
produces about 100 to 110 million tonnes of
industrial minerals and 200 million cubic
meters of dimensional stones and building
material. A.P. stands 1st in Barytes and
Limestone production in the country.
The state stands first in value of minor
mineral production and Second in total value
of mineral production in the country;
contributing about 9 to 10 per cent,
(Rs.15,966 Crores-2008-09) to the country’s
mineral value production. The production of
73
Coal, Natural Gas and Limestone from 1994-
95 to September 2009 is given in Annexure
6.5.
Disposal of Mineral Concession
Applications
The department has given importance to the
disposal of mineral concession applications
in pre fixed time frame of 3 months. The
department has taken initiative to get NOC’s
from Revenue and disposed record number of
Mineral Concession Applications. The
Department has disposed 5,698 Mineral
Concession applications in the year 2007-08
and 8,547 in the year 2008-09.
Revenue
The Mineral and Mining sector has achieved
Rs.1754.51 crores of Mineral Revenue
during 2008-09 against the target of
Rs.2187.50 crores. Mineral revenue of
Rs.836.66 crores was achieved upto
September 2009 against the annual target of
Rs.2450.00 crores for 2009-10.
During the 2008-09, State stands first in
Mineral Revenue among the important
Mineral Producing States of the country viz.,
Jharkhand (Rs.1465 crores), Rajasthan
(Rs.1266 crores), Chattisgarh (Rs.1217
crores), and Karnataka (Rs.493 crores).
District wise mineral revenue from 2005-06
to 2008-09 is given in Annexure 6.6.
Vigilance
The department has also taken initiative in
constituting State and District Level Task
Force committees for effective vigilance to
curb illegal mining and transportation of
minerals and also created 15 new Vigilance
Offices to stepped-up Vigilance over Mineral
bearing areas. Further, the department
formed 4 Centralized Vigilance Units, 8
Regional Vigilance Units and 6 Temporary
Check Posts to curb illegal mining and
transportation of minerals in the state. The
Department after grounding of the regional
vigilance and sand vigilance schemes has
stepped up vigilance over vulnerable areas of
illicit mining and transportation and booked
19,247 cases and collected a total penalty of
Rs.20 crores during 2008-09. In the year
2009-10 the department has booked 7,570
cases and collected a penalty of Rs.5.29
crores upto September 2009.
Task Force:
Government of India has instructed State
Governments to constitute a State Level Task
Force and District Level Task Force for
effective vigilance to curb illegal mining and
transportation of minerals in the respective
states.
Basing on the instructions, the State
Government has constituted a State Level
Task Force under the Chairmanship of the
Secretary, Industries and Commerce
department, similarly a District Level Task
Force was constituted under the
Chairmanship of District Collector.
The State Level Task Force has met and
discussed issues of Forest and Revenue
clearances for quick disposal of lease
applications to stop illicit mining and
transportation, more powers for seizure of
vehicles under M.V. Act, blanket clearances
in respect of mineral bearing areas falling in
Revenue lands, identification of
compensatory land adjacent of Forest areas,
by Forest Department, reduction of penalty,
in case of illicit mining and transportation
from 5 times to one time recovery of
Seignorage fee from the bills of contractors
with one time penalty, inclusion of
Commercial Tax Department, Seizure and
safe custody of vehicles in the respective
Police stations etc.
Investigations and Exploration
The department is carrying out
investigations, exploration and prospecting of
mineral deposits, building up history of
mines, Preparation of maps of mineral belts,
Rendering advice for establishment of
mineral based industries, etc. These functions
also comprise regional geological mapping
followed up by detailed prospecting of
mineral bearing areas selected on priority
basis and estimation of reserves with quality.
The department through DMRTUF Trust has
carried out investigations like Scan of
Srikakulam and Kurnool mineral resources
for grounding of mineral projects, Limestone
waste utilization from the intensive limestone
mining areas in collaboration with NCCB,
Iron Ore in Kadapa district and proved know
potential, grade and resources for
exploitation of Iron Ore, Promotional drilling
74
for Granite in Prakasam and Karimnagar
districts, Limestone in Guntur and Anantapur
districts. The department has also taken up
the following investigations with the active
participation of DMRTUF and Universities.
• Studies on exploration and reserve
estimation for new and hidden bauxite
deposits in EGMB of A.P.
• Geochemistry and utility of grey and
black shale overburden of the
Mangampet Baryte deposit- To probe the
industrial application.
• Geochemistry of the Phosphoric siliceous
dolostones near Pulivendla, Kadapa
District.
• Evaluation of waste rock derived out of
Dimensional Stone mining in parts of A.P
and its utility.
• Evaluation of Dimensional Stone granite
of Chittoor District, A.P.
• Geophysical Investigation of the gushing
of gas in parts of Kadapa basin.
• Revival of sustainable mining activity in
Nellore Mica Belt through prospecting
for “COLTAN” (Colambite-Tantallum)
and other economic minerals.
• Online processing of Applications
The department has also carried out
preliminary, Survey studies and identified
possible exclusive mining zones in
Mahabubnagar, Visakhapatnam, Krishna,
Guntur, Chittoor, Nalgonda and Medak
districts for declaration as exclusive mining
zones for sustainable development and safe
Mining.
Mineral Projects
The department has taken up initiatives for
grounding of Bauxite mining project and
establishment of Aluminum / Alumina
project with an investment of Rs.40,000
crores, Uranium Project with Rs.2,000
crores, Beach Sand heavy minerals project
with Rs.6,000 crores, steel plant with
Rs.20,000 crores, Iron ore project with
Rs.160 crores, Gold and Diamond projects
with Rs.50 Crores and Cement plants with
Rs.3000 crores.
Mineral Information
The department has participated in the
international granite trade fairs at Jaipur,
Chennai and Bangalore, Industrial
exhibitions at Hyderabad to disseminate and
promote the mineral potential and mineral
sector opportunities of the state. The
department has also brought out booklets and
brochures on Minerals and opportunities in
Mineral sector for the entrepreneurs and
public.
Devolution of Powers
The department is instrumental in devolution
and delegation of certain powers to the Zonal
Joint Directors in respect of Mineral
regulation, issue of Mineral Revenue
Clearance Certificate, approval of Mineral
Revenue Assessment, Issue of Notices,
approval of Mining Plans and transfer and
deputation of staff for effective Mineral
administration at ground level. The
department has also delegated powers to
District officers from the Regional Offices
for issue of way bills under Mineral Dealers
Rules 2000 to facilitate the Mineral dealers to
obtain way bills immediately from the
respective district offices.
Policy Initiatives
• Initiative was taken in enactment of “the
A.P. Mineral Bearing Lands”
(infrastructure) Cess Rules, 2005 for
collection of Cess on Mineral Bearing
Lands for promotion of infrastructure
facilities and rapid exploitation of
Mineral resources in the State. Initially,
only Coal, Oil, and Natural gas, Barytes,
Lime Stone, Iron Ore and Granite are
brought under the Cess Rules.
• Initiative has been taken and identified 12
exclusive Mining zones over an extent of
1.41 lakh acres around Hyderabad for
Building stone, Metal and Manufacture of
stone sand. The Government has already
declared One Exclusive Mining Zone at
Bandaraviryala over an extent of 670
Acres.
• The sand quarrying and regulation
subject has been transferred from
Panchayatraj Raj and Rural Development
Department to the Mines and Geology
Department for scientific, regulation and
effective realization of Mineral Revenue
to the State exchequer. The department
has taken fresh initiative to conduct sand
auctions throughout the State.
75
• The State Coal Policy facilitating
APMDC to operate Coal Mines in Tribal
Agency areas in conformity with APLTR
and also in association with other PSU’s
was announced.
• Introduced uniform collection of
Seigniorage fee on Slab system to help
the Granite and Limestone slab cutting
and polishing units in the state and also
waiver of Seigniorage fee on granites.
Other Initiatives
• The State pursued with Central
Geological Agencies for exploration of
Diamond, Coal, Gold, Base Metals, Rare
Earths, Beach Sand minerals, Volcanic
Ash, Granites.
• Investigation has been taken up to
identify areas for exclusive quarry zones
for Road Metal and building material for
promoting manufacture of rock sand
around Visakhapatnam town and Granite
deposits in East Godavari and Medak
Districts, Laterite and Iron ore resources
in Kadapa and Adilabad Districts and
Dolomite in Khammam District. Further
intends to identify the areas for proposing
exclusive mining zones in Mahabubnagar
District for promoting manufacture of
sand from Rock.
• Initiative was taken to review the
achievements in case of 38
reconnaissance permits granted to 10
National and International Companies for
gold and diamond. The reconnaissance
permit holders have indicated the
presence of diamond ferrous kimberlite
bodies after review and some of them
have filed 42 Prospecting licenses for
detailed exploration of Diamonds.
• Initiative has been taken to promote the
manufacture of Robo sand and grant of
leases to encourage the entrepreneurs for
manufacture of sand as an alternative to
the natural sand.
• Taken initiative for development of the
largest Bauxite deposits of
Visakhapatnam and East Godavari
districts and establish Alumina
/Aluminium Units with the active
participation by the NALCO, JSWH Ltd.,
 Local Tribal Societies, TRICOR and
Andhra Pradesh Mineral Development
Corporation.
• Encouraged the Andhra Pradesh Mineral
Development Corporation, Indian Rare
Earths and other Private Sector
entrepreneurs for mining and
establishment of Beach Sand Mineral
Separation Units, Titanium Slag and
down stream industry at Vizianagaram
and Srikakulam districts.
• Encouraged the APMDC for
establishment of Low Grade Iron Ore
beneficiation Plant at Ongole and large
scale mining of Galaxy Granite in
Prakasam District.
• The Government through APMDC
intends to enter into oil and Natural Gas
exploration and coal mining in other
States. The department through
Government has requested the
Government of India to allocate on-share
oil and Natural Gas blocks to APMDC
for exploration on nomination basis so as
to cater the needs of the state.
Future Outlook
It is intended to notify mining zones in all the
districts to bring additional areas under
mining, plug the mineral revenue leakages,
curb illicit mining through effective
vigilance, bring all the mineral dealers under
the purview of law, quick disposal of
applications, introduce uniform slab rate of
collection of Seigniorage fee from granite
processing units, augment mineral production
and mineral revenue through resource
mobilization, encourage value addition and
establishment of mineral based industries in
the state etc.
There are many potential mineral bearing
areas for finding new mineral deposits and
there is a huge scope of confidence in the
development of varied mineral potential and
reserves in the state.
***
COMMERCE AND EXPORT
PROMOTION
6.5 The exports under computer software are
contributing more than 50 percent to the total
exports from the State during the year 2008-
09. The other major exports from the State
are Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Fine
Chemicals, Animal, Marine and Leather
Products, Engineering items, Agriculture and
Agro based Products, Minerals and Mineral
Products, Handlooms, Handicrafts, Textiles,
Gems and Jewellery and imitation Jewellery
items, Electronics and Electrical items, etc.
The exports from the State have increased to
Rs.66,698 crores in the year 2008-09 from
Rs.57,343 crores of the previous year 2007-
08. The growth in exports during the year
2008-09 is 16.31% over the last year.
Item wise exports from Andhra Pradesh are
given in Annexure 6.7.
***
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
6.6 Industrial peace is a prerequisite for the
growth and development of Industries. Work
stoppages due to industrial disputes between
employers and workmen and consequential
loss of man-days in a given period would be
an important indicator of labour management
in Industries. The Government through its
conciliation machinery have been making
efforts to settle disputes amicably and
promote industrial peace and for congenial
work environment. Efforts are being made
by the department to promote productivity-
linked settlement in order to make Industries
more competitive.
The details of Strikes, Lock-outs, Workers
involved and Man Days Lost are shown in
Table 6.4.
Table 6.4
Industrial Relations
Item 2009
2008
(up to Sep.,)
Strikes 5 10
Lockouts 0 2
Workers Involved
27,158 41,778
(No.)
Mandays Lost
4.63 22.09
(Lakh No.)
Source: Labour Department
The number of strikes, lockouts, workers
involved, and man-days lost from 1981 to
2009 are given in Annexure 6.8.
***
76
 7. ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE
IRRIGATION
7.1 Andhra Pradesh is blessed with major river
system like the Godavari, Krishna, Pennar,
Vamsadhara and 36 others. The state’s share
of dependable flows at 75% dependability
from the river systems is estimated at 2764
TMC (Thousand Million Cubic Feet). This
breaks up into 1480 TMC from the Godavari
River system, 811 TMC (800 TMC + 11
TMC regeneration) from the Krishna, 98
TMC from the Pennar and the rest from other
rivers.
The entire dependable water share of Krishna
River is fully harnessed through the
construction of several reservoirs and
barrages. The yield from Godavari River is
being utilized to an extent of 720 TMC for
the existing projects and the surplus flows
aggregating to an average of 4000 TMC is
flowing to the sea, un-utilized. Total
utilization of river yields works out to 1765
TMC only for the existing projects and thus
there is a vast scope of tapping water
resources for creating irrigation potential.
During the pre plan period (till 1951), 66.77
lakh acres of ayacut was developed by
constructing major anicuts on Krishna,
Godavari and Pennar rivers and by
constructing medium projects under
irrigation sector. The details of these Projects
are given below:
Project Schemes (Nos.) Ayacut (lakh
Acres)
Major 11 30.96
Medium 45 1.93
Minor 12,351 33.88
Investment in irrigation sector has been on
the increase over the Five year plan periods
to achieve growth in agricultural sector.
Major Projects viz., K.C. Canal, Kaddam,
TBP HLC Stage-I and Rojalibanda Diversion
Scheme and further Godavari Barrage and
Prakasam Barrage have been constructed in
place of the age old anicuts on Godavari and
Krishna rivers along with 94 Major and
77
Medium Irrigation projects completed during
the period of 1st five year plan to 11th five
year plan and an amount of Rs.61,590.92
crores has been spent from Plan I to XI i.e.
upto 2008-09.
Further, the projects like Nagarguna Sagar,
Sriram Sagar, Telugu Ganga, Somasila,
SRBC, SLBC, Vamsadhara along with
Medium and Minor Schemes have also been
taken up during the plan period and they are
at various stages of completion.
During the year 2004, the Government have
taken up plans for fully utilizing the available
yields of Godavari and other rivers and
initiated a historical beginning named
‘JALAYAGNAM’ with the aim of
completing the ongoing and new projects in a
record time to provide immediate irrigation
to water starving segments on top priority by
mobilizing funds from all possible sources.
Some more projects were added to
Jalayagnam Programme and presently 86
projects (44 Major + 30 Medium + 4 Flood
Banks + 8 Modernisation) were considered
under Jalayagnam. With the above projects
including Minor Irrigation and APSIDC new
irrigation potential of 98.41 lakh acres will be
created besides stabilization of 22.26 lakh
acres. During 2004-05 to 2008-09, 12
projects were completed and water released
for 19 more projects creating partial
irrigation potential and the remaining
projects are programmed to be completed in
a time bound and planned manner.
The total new irrigation potential created
from 2004-05 to 2008-09 is 19.96 lakh acres
and stabilization to an extent of 3.08 lakh
acres (Total 23.04 lakh acres) under
Jalayagnam projects including minor
irrigation and APSIDC.
For the early completion of ongoing projects
financial assistance from World Bank, JBIC,
NABARD and from Govt. of India under
AIBP is being obtained and the works are in
progress.
Most of the sites suitable for gravity
irrigation schemes are already exhausted and
upland areas which cannot be commanded by
gravity flows are planned to develop by
Major Lift Irrigation schemes. In view of the
above, the Government have programmed the
following special lift irrigation schemes:
(i) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Pranahitha- Chevella
Sujala Sravanthi.
(ii) Mahatma Jyothi Rao Pule Dummugudem
Nagarjuna Sagar Tail Pond.
(iii)Chinthalapudi Lift Irrigation scheme.
(iv) Babu Jagjeevan Ram Uttarandhra Sujala
Sravanthi Project.
(v) P.V. Narasimha Rao Kanthanapally
Sujala Sravanthi.
The Government have taken up the
modernization of Delta Systems with a cost
of Rs. 15,001.45 crores. Modernization of
Godavari Delta has been taken up with
Rs. 3,361 Crores, modernization of Krishna
Delta with Rs. 4,573 Crores, modernization
of Pennar Delta with Rs.1,001.73 Crores,
Nagarjuna Sagar project with Rs. 4,444.41
Crores, TBP HLC and LLC with Rs. 794.12
Crores, Nizam Sagar Project with Rs. 549.60
Crores, Yeleru Delta System with Rs. 138.00
Crores and Nagavali System with Rs. 139.59
Crores. Improvements to Flood banks of
Vamsadhara, Nagavali, Godavari, Krishna,
Hundri, Penna, Kandaleru etc., are taken up
with a cost of Rs. 2,312.76 Crores.
Thirty Three (33) Major and Medium
Irrigation projects have been included under
AIBP since 1996-97 in Andhra Pradesh and
out of these, 22 projects (i.e. 12 Major and 10
Medium) were included after 2005-2006. Out
of the 22 ongoing projects, 15 projects are
covered under Prime Ministers Relief
Package (PMRP) and the balance 7 projects
are under Normal AIBP. Government is
contemplating the inclusion of 8 new projects
under AIBP (6 projects contemplated under
PMRP and 2 projects under Normal AIBP).
Projects under PMRP include Rajiv Sagar
LIS, Indira Sagar LIS, Dummugudem N.S.
Tail Pond, Sripada Yellampally Project,
Pranahitha Chevella Project and Modikunta
vagu project. Projects to be proposed under
Normal AIBP include K.L. Rao Pulichintala
Project and Krishna Delta Modernization.
The Central Assistance received during the
year 2009-2010 so far is Rs. 662.661 Crores.
The contemplated irrigation potential under
78
AIBP in respect of the 22 Projects is 30.16
lakh acres against which an I.P. of 5.29 lakh
acres has been created up to March 2009.
Initiatives:
In view of the highest priority given for the
completion of the irrigation projects, the
following initiatives are being taken up:
1) Special Representative is appointed at
New Delhi in the Cadre of Cabinet
Minister for getting early clearances to
the prioritized projects from CWC and
allied agencies. The various clearances
are being obtained with rigorous
pursuance and the projects works are
being carried out.
2) Inspection by third party quality control
agencies is implemented in the prioritized
projects.
3) Five Additional Special Collectors and
forty four Special Deputy Collector’s
units along with field staff are sanctioned
in addition to the existing unit for the
speedy acquisition of lands required for
completion of the targeted projects and
the land acquisition works are in good
progress.
4) The A.P. State Relocation and
Rehabilitation (R&R) Policy 2005 for
giving more benefits to the displaced
families, as compared to National R&R
Policy is being implemented for the early
acquisition of lands etc., for the ongoing
projects by paying appropriate
compensation to the riots for their lands
and houses and the rehabilitation works
are in progress.
5) Sprinkler and drip irrigation, is being
proposed to be implemented especially in
the lift irrigation schemes with the
irrigation department funds
Minor Irrigation Sector:
Minor Irrigation has about 78,000 tanks
serving an ayacut of 46.50 lakh acres which
includes 66,000 tanks transferred from
Panchayat Raj Department irrigating an
ayacut of 14.70 lakh acres. Rehabilitation of
the small tanks has been taken up at a cost of
Rs.167 crores.
Government of India have approved sixty
seven Minor Irrigation Schemes at a cost of
Rs.226 crores to create new ayacut of 69,249
Acres in tribal and drought prone areas with
90% grant from Government of India under
AIBP.
To take up new constructions and
stabilization of existing tanks, financial
assistance from World Bank, JBIC,
NABARD, AIBP and Normal State plan is
being obtained. Proposals for creating
additional ayacut of 4.50 Lakh Acres have
been completed under various schemes in the
coming 5 years.
Rehabilitation of Minor Irrigation schemes to
stabilize 6.25 Lakh Acres ayacut has been
taken up at a cost of Rs.1044 crores under AP
Community Base Tank Management Project
(APCBTMP). Rehabilitation of 2,100 tanks
are taken up at a cost of Rs.600 crores in the
first phase and works are in progress.
In the field of Irrigation Management, for the
first time in the Country, elections have been
held for all Project Committees of Major and
Medium Irrigation Projects. Now, elected
project committees are functioning in 23
Major Projects and 60 Medium Projects and
taking care of maintenance and water
management. The Government have made
stabilization of ayacut and farmers role in
Irrigation Management as a major input for
better agriculture production of irrigation
areas.
Building up of scientific database for
Hydrology:
A Hydrology Project at a cost of Rs.21.03
crores is taken up for measurement
validation, transfer and dissemination of
Hydrological, Hydro metrological and Water
Quality Data for formulation of Irrigation
Projects, Drinking water, Industrial and
Power Projects and to establish computerised
data base net work. Under this programme,
77 Gauge Discharge sites on various minor
streams and 40 Digital water level recorders
at various reservoirs have been established.
Further, 208 Standard Rain Gauge stations,
80 Auto Graphic Standard Rain Gauge
stations, 8 Field Climatic Stations, 15 Water
Quality Level-I and Two Water Quality
Level-II Labs have been established and
they are functioning. The AP Hydrology
79
Project has been ranked as number one, in
the Country by the World Bank.
The World Bank has approved the Hydrology
Project Stage-II under IBRD loan No.4749
IN. A.P. is one of the implementing
agencies among the 13 States and 8 Central
departments in the Country. The cost of the
project is Rs.8.54 crores including
contingencies. The project will expand
development of a comprehensive
hydrological system and will implement
activities towards improved planning and
development of water resources to be
adopted in Godavari basin (G5). This Stage-
II has been commenced in April, 2006 and
additional network of ARGs/SRGs stations is
being developed for a better decision
supporting system.
A website is also developed for which the
URL is http// hp-apsw.cgg.gov.in
Participatory Irrigation Management
(PIM)
The objectives of PIM include participation
of Stake Holders in operation, maintenance
of irrigation system, agriculture productivity
enhancement and water management. At
present, there are 10,748 WUAs in the Major,
Medium and Minor Sources and 323
distributory committees are constituted. A.P.
is the first State to constitute 23 Major
Project Committees and 60 Medium Project
Committees in the country.
Water Tax is ploughed back to the farmers’
organizations for taking up O&M works.
The development of Irrigation potential and
its utilization is given in Annexure 7.1. All
efforts are being made to achieve the targeted
goals.
Minor Irrigation Census
As per the 4th Minor Irrigation Census, there
are 23.06 lakh minor irrigation sources in
Andhra Pradesh during the year 2006-07 as
against 20.36 lakh sources in 3rd Minor
Irrigation Census 2000-01 registering an
increase of 13.28 per cent. The statement
showing variation on Minor Irrigation
sources from 1986-87 to 2006-07 is given in
Annexure 7.2.
***
 GROUND WATER
7.2 Main Functions of the department are:
• Periodic estimation of the groundwater
resources of the state on watershed basis
and according clearances for minor
irrigation schemes.
• Detailed investigations for delineation of
potential zones and for selection of well
sites, to be implemented by
developmental agencies and individuals.
• Investigations for identification of
feasible areas and suitable sites for
artificial recharge and rainwater
harvesting structures.
• Drilling of exploratory - cum production
bore / tube wells in order to study the sub
surface configuration of aquifers and
assess the aquifer parameters.
• Monitoring of groundwater levels and
quality through a network of observation
wells, stream flow check points and
improved network of piezometers with
Automatic Water Level Recorders.
• Conjunctive use studies in selected major
Command areas.
• Special studies for evaluating the
groundwater regime through modern
tools like, aerial photographs, satellite
imagery, GIS etc., in relation to the
development and management activities
under various programs.
From 2009-10 onwards the department is
planning to shift its focus to demand side
management of groundwater; apart from the
conventional supply side management by
adopting CBGWM, to start with, on a pilot
basis in one assessment unit each in 13
districts.
Estimation of Groundwater Resources:
For the purpose of estimation of groundwater
resources, the state has been divided into
1229 watersheds (which are also called as
groundwater basins or Assessment units).
The estimation was last done in 2007 and the
report was published in 2008. As per the
estimation 132 watersheds are categorized as
over exploited, 89 as critical, 175 as semi-
critical and 833 watersheds as safe. Further,
3,449 villages have been declared as over
exploited and are notified, where further
80
exploitation of ground water is banned except
for drinking water purpose.
Categorization of watersheds /mandals /
villages are made based on the stage of
ground water development and the details are
as follows:
% of stage of development Category
(extraction) of ground water
>100% OE
90% to 100% Critical
70% to 90% Semi-critical
<70% Safe
The number of mandals categorized based on
the stage of groundwater development are
111 over exploited, 60 critical, 160 semi-
critical and 777 mandals as safe. Safe areas
need not be favorable for groundwater
development. Generally in large parts of
these areas the availability/recharge is low.
In terms of quantity the total groundwater
availability in the state is 34,700 MCM, out
of which 14,112 MCM is the utilization for
various purposes leaving a balance of 20,588
MCM.
The overall stage of development is about
41%. The stage of ground water development
in command areas which constitutes about
23% of the state’s area is 21% and in non-
command areas the stage of groundwater
development is 59%.
Further, the availability of groundwater in
command areas is about 48% whereas in
non-command areas where the demand is
high, it is only 52%. Thus, in non-command
area which constitutes about 77% of the
states area, the groundwater development is
fast reaching the critical stage. During
droughts, the situation becomes worse when
the recharge is reduced by about 60% and the
utilization (draft) reaches 90%. Any area
where the ground water development crosses
70%, then care is needed badly.
For safe and sustainable utilization of
groundwater, it is estimated that on an
average only 10% to 20% of the unit area
should be irrigated by groundwater with ID
crops. This is based on the rainfall, crop
water requirement and recharge taking place
in an unit area. This area can be doubled if
micro irrigation techniques are adopted.
Groundwater Development:
A study of the composite hydrographs of the
past and the present indicates the
groundwater development taking place in the
state. It is generally observed that more the
recharge, more will be the utilization. A
break point will be reached where the
number of wells will increase, where as the
groundwater exploitation and the total area
irrigated through groundwater remains
constant and the power consumed will also
increase considerably. At present, on an
average about 1.2 hectares is irrigated per
well and on an average a total number of
50,000 wells per year are commissioned due
to which the average unit area irrigated per
well may decrease. At present the well
population is >25 lakhs (mostly bore wells)
and the area irrigated under groundwater for
the year 2008-09 was 34.17 lakh hectares.
The irrigation potential created under
groundwater during 2008-09 is 15.10 lakh
hectares. If micro irrigation practices are
adopted, the irrigation potential through
groundwater is expected to reach about 48
lakh hectares.
Investigations:
During the year 2009-10 (upto the Novemer-
09), the department has investigated 13,038
sites under various programmes for selection
of well sites, lift irrigation and artificial
recharge structures etc. A total of about 8511
beneficiaries were covered and about 7501
hectares of land was either stabilized or new
areas were brought under irrigation. Out of
the above, 2632 SC and 658 S.T beneficiaries
were covered under SCP and TSP
programmes. An area of about 1413 hectares
for SCs and about 745 hectares for STs were
either stabilized or new areas were brought
under irrigation. Under CLDP and WALTA,
an area of about 5295 hectare was covered
benefiting about 4410 farmers.
In addition to the above, investigations were
also carried out for selection of well sites for
Industries under environmental clearance and
for drinking water.
Under Lift Irrigation and Artificial Recharge
Structures, 838 sites were investigated and
about 811 families have been covered.
Monitoring and Quality:
Regular and periodical monitoring of ground
water levels is done through a net work of
1017 piezometers and 2986 open observation
wells. The status of monthly water levels and
its trends are being submitted to Government
every month and Quality reports twice a year,
i.e., pre and post monsoon period. During
2009-10 (up to November-09), there is a net
fall in the level of ground water to an extent
of 1.39 m in the state over that of the last
year (November-08).
Drilling:
Out of the total annual target of 300 sites
under drilling, so far 126 wells were
constructed in the State. 36 wells under SCP
and 3 wells under TSP are constructed so far.
Under SCP, 34 bore wells and under TSP 2
Tube wells were constructed with which an
area of 72 hectares can be brought under
irrigation for the benefit of Schedules Caste
and Scheduled Tribe beneficiaries.
***
POWER
7.3 Andhra Pradesh State Electricity Board
(APSEB), which was formed in 1959, has
been restructured into two functionally
distinct corporations namely APGENCO and
APTRANSCO with effect from February
1999. Distribution business was segregated
from APTRANSCO by formation of four
distribution companies w.e.f. 1st April, 2000.
Trading activities were entrusted to four
DISCOMs w.e.f. 9th June, 2005 in
compliance with Electricity Act 2003. From
1959 to 2009 September, the installed
capacity has been increased from 213 Mega
Watt (MW) to 13986.89 MW; the consumers
served have grown up from 2.7 lakhs to
212.27 lakhs, the energy handled per annum
increased from 686 MU to 36,489.63 MU
(April’09 to Sep’09). The annual total
revenues from sale of power have been
increased, from mere Rs.5.50 crores to
Rs.15089.92 crores (including non-tariff
income). The development of APSEB /
81
APTRANSCO over the last 50 years is power including tatkal except farmers having
briefed in the Table 7.1. more than 3 connections in dry land, more
Table 7.1 than 2.5 Acres land holding in wetland, IT
Power Development assesses and corporate farmers.
2009
ITEM 1959 (upto Sept. The modified policy proposes incentives and
2009) disincentives to promote energy saving
Installed capacity (MW) 213 13,986.89 measures. Incentivised tariff is proposed for
those who go in for energy saving devices
Peak Demand (MW) 146 10,294
(reduction from 50 paise to 20 paise per unit)
Consumers served viz., installation of capacitors and
2.7 212.27
(lakh Nos)
Frictionless foot valves by March 2006, ISI
Annual Energy Handled pumpsets and HDPE / RPVC pipes by March
686 36,489.63
(MU) 2008.
Agricultural services
(Lakh nos)
0.18 27.07 During the year 2009-10, it is programmed to
Annual Revenue release 50,000 new agricultural connections
including Non-tariff under normal plan and up to 1,00,000 new
income (Rs Crs.) agricultural connections under Tatkal
5.50 15,089.92
(excluding subsidy / Scheme. So far, 26,446 agricultural services
support from GOAP)
(Provisional)
have been released during 2009-10 up to
30.09.2009. 22.88 lakh capacitors have been
Source: AP TRANSCO
fixed to the pumpsets as on 30.09.2009
(90.77%). This will result in saving of power
The Andhra Pradesh Electricity Regulatory by 8 to 10%.
Commission (APERC) constituted by GoAP,
has been functioning w.e.f 31st March, 1999. Priority is given by Government for
APERC has issued annual / multi year Tariff promoting Lift Irrigation in order to reduce
Orders regularly from 2000-01 onwards. exploitation of ground water.
Government is committed to the welfare of There are 6 Major Lift Irrigation schemes at
farmers by the way of enhancing free power 132kV supply, 444 Nos medium and minor
from 7 hours to 9 hours to all agriculture Lift Irrigation schemes at 33kV, 11kV and
consumers including all the services released LT supply existing as on 30.09.2009.
under Tatkal category also. Government have Dedicated feeders were provided for 290 HT
provided a Tariff subsidy of Rs.3486.15 Lift Irrigation schemes.
crores during the current year i.e.2009-10. Benefits to BPL domestic consumers
The Tariff subsidy provided to agricultural Government is subsidizing Rs.10/- per month
sector is Rs. 2145.69 crores and cross subsidy towards the cost of consumption of one 40-
to agricultural sector is Rs.1650.45 crores Watt bulb (for 6 hours per day) during the
during 2009-10. month for 13.92 lakh consumers with a
Government of Andhra Pradesh provided free connected load of up to 250 watts and
power to Agriculture Sector with effect from consuming up to 15 units per month effective
14.05.2004 in view of the extreme hardships from September 2004 billed in October 2004.
faced by agriculture consumers in the past Government accorded sanction for payment
years. Government has also waived the power of Rs. 91.28 crores during 2004-05 to 2009-
consumption arrears amounting to Rs.1,259 10 (upto Sept.09) for this purpose.
crores relating to agricultural consumers of The Government waived surcharge to a tune
DISCOMs and RESCOs. of Rs.22.13 crores for the arrears
As per modified policy, farmers having up to accumulated up to December 2004 (i.e.
3 connections in dry land, up to 2.5 Acres Rs.180.51 crores) in respect of 17.67 lakh
land holding in wet land are eligible for free SC/ST domestic consumers in SC/ST
power. Out of 27.07 lakh agricultural colonies and Tribal Habitations. It has also
services, all the farmers are eligible for free

82
granted permission for payment of Current Coverage - towns and cities with population
Consumption charges (CC charges) in 24 of more than 30,000 and also certain high-
monthly installments to avoid burden on the load density rural areas. Projects under the
consumers without levy of interest. scheme shall be taken up in three Parts.
In view of the continuing hardships faced by Part-A: This shall include the projects for
these consumers, Government extended the establishment of baseline data and IT
surcharge waiver scheme by another 24 applications for energy accounting/ auditing
months from the consumption month of May and IT based consumer service centers.
2006 billed in June 2006. The SC/ST Part–B: This shall include regular
domestic consumers are permitted to pay CC distribution strengthening projects such as
charges in 40 installments from January 2005 Renovation, modernization and strengthening
onwards, with total surcharge waiver. of 11kV level Substations, Transformers /
As per the directions of Government, all the Transformer Centers, Re-conductoring of
5.35 lakh disconnected SC/ST domestic lines at 11kv level and below, Load
consumers in SC/ST colonies and Tribal Bifurcation, feeder separation, Load
Habitations have been reconnected. The Balancing, HVDS (11kv), Aerial Bunched
reconnected consumers shall pay the CC Conductoring in dense areas, replacement of
charges regularly from June 2006. electromagnetic energy meters with tamper
Government approved the scheme of waiver proof electronics meters, installation of
of CC charges due from SC/ST domestic capacitor banks and mobile service centers
consumers in SC/ST Colonies and Tribal etc. In exceptional cases, where sub-
Habitations whose consumption is up to 100 transmission system is weak, strengthening at
units per month, in July 2007 subject to the 33 kV or 66kV levels may also be
following conditions: considered.
• The consumer shall pay the CC bills Part–C: This part, to be implemented by
regularly from the date of announcement Ministry of Power/ PFC, will include,
of the scheme. Preparation of System Requirement
• The equivalent amount paid by the Specifications, validation of the Base- line
consumer towards the CC bill of every Data, appointment of Project Advisors and
month will be waived from the CC charge Project Management Consultants.
arrears. The programme would be of the size of Rs
• The Government will compensate the 51,577 crores i.e., Part-A : Rs. 10,000 crores,
equivalent amount to the DISCOMS. Part-B:Rs.40,000 crores, and Part-C: Rs.1177
The Government released an amount of crores. The details of R-APDRP are shown in
Rs.110.558 crores in this regard so far. 7.79 Table 7.2.
lakh Domestic SC/ST consumers in SC/ST Table 7.2
Colonies and Tribal Habitations will be Restructured-Accelerated Power Development and
Reforms Programme
covered under this scheme. The total CC
Amount Amount
charge arrears payable by these consumers is No. of
DISCOM Sanctioned Released
Rs 140.6 crores. The surcharge amount is Rs Towns
(Rs. Crs) (Rs. Crs)
41.64 crores. The total arrears amount being EPDCL 28 60.66 17.87
taken over by the Government is Rs. 182.24 SPDCL 32 107.83 30.84
crores. CPDCL 31 175.03 50.03
Restructured-Accelerated Power NPDCL 22 44.50 12.75
Development and Reforms Programme (R Total 113 388.02 111.49
- APDRP) Source:AP TRANSCO
The focus of the programme shall be on Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran
actual, demonstrable performance in terms of Yojna ( RGGVY)
sustained loss reduction. Power Finance It is programmed to electrify 14,334 un-
Corporation (PFC) is the Nodal Agency to electrified habitations and 37,99,213 rural
operationalise the programme. households at an estimated cost of Rs.810.33

83
crores under RGGVY programme by the year
2010.
Out of the above, 13,066 un-electrified
habitations and 25,32,351 rural households
have been electrified during the years 2005-
06 to 2009-10 (upto the end of September
2009).
So far, REC has released an amount of Rs.
449.32 crores to DISCOMs against the claims
admitted for Rs. 487.58 crores as on
30.09.2009.
High Voltage Distribution System (HVDS)
High Voltage Distribution System (HVDS)
was introduced in the State which aims at
reduction of loss through replacement of the
low voltage network with High Voltage and
installation of large number of smaller
capacity 11kV/400V transformers viz.,
25/16/10 kVA for supply to agricultural
consumers.
The benefits on implementation of HVDS are
as follows:
• Loss Reduction
• Prevention of un-authorized agricultural
services
• Improvement in pump-set efficiency
• Reduction in Distribution Transformer
(DTR) failure
During 2009-10, 68,141 pump sets have been
converted into HVDS at a cost of Rs.211.82
crores, thus bringing the total number of
pumpsets covered by HVDS to 5,58,144 at a
total cost of Rs.1,718.10 crores up to the end
of September 2009.
Scheme sanctions are available as on
31.03.2009 under REC/PFC/APDRP funding
for an amount of Rs.495.91 crores for
implementation of HVDS in the districts of
Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam,
East Godavari, West Godavari, Chittoor,
Kadapa, Ananthapur, Mahabubnagar,
Nalgonda, Nizamabad and Karimnagar
covering 1,59,944 pump sets.
Scheme reports have already been submitted
to the GoAP for arranging the JIAC funding
under Overseas Development Agency (ODA)
package of Ministry of Power, Govt. of India
for implementation of HVDS to 16,25,331
agricultural services in 15 districts at an
estimated cost of Rs.7,607 crores. These
schemes are under consideration of GoI for
84
arranging the sanction from JIAC under ODA
package.
Generation Progress
First three units (3 x 39 MW) of
Priyadharsini Jurala Hydro Electric Project (6
x 39 MW) have been commissioned on
28.03.2008, 31.08.2008 and 28.05.2009
respectively and unit-4 will be commissioned
by January 2010 and balance 2 units are
programmed for commissioning at 4 months
interval there after.
For the Nagarjuna Sagar Tail Pond dam
power house (2x25 MW), 96% earth work
excavation completed in the dam portion.
100% of earth work excavation is completed
in power house. In tailrace pool area 95% of
excavation completed in tailrace channel
area. Unit 1 is programmed to be
commissioned by March 2011 and unit 2 by
June 2011.
500 MW of Dr. NTTPS (Dr. Narla Tatarao
Thermal Power Station) was commissioned
on 06.04.2009. 500 MW, Stage I of Kakatiya
TPP is programmed for commissioning by
March 2010 and 9 MW, unit 4 of Pochampad
Hydro Electric Project by December 2009.
Controlling of Commercial Losses
To bring down the commercial losses due to
theft and malpractice, a special ordinance
amending the Electricity Laws as Indian
Electricity (AP amendment) Ordinance 2000
was promulgated and the bill was passed in
the Legislative Assembly in September, 2000
and made effective from 31st July, 2000.
After enactment of the above Act. 9,32,105
cases have been booked up to September
2009 and 12,002 persons have been arrested.
Rs.110.09 crores has been realized against a
penal assessment of Rs.275.58 crores.
Rs.83.46 crores have been collected during
the above period as compounding fees for
first offence from 7,57,140 cases that were
compounded.
As on 30.09.2009, single phasing
arrangement has been provided to 7900 Rural
feeders to provide:
• Proper regulation of hours of supply to
agriculture
• Improved voltages for lighting supply in
rural areas
Replacement of meters: A total of 49.76
lakh sluggish/struck-up/ burnt out electro
mechanical meters were replaced with high
quality electronic meters during 2004-05 to
2008-09. During 2009-10 (up to 9/09),
another 10.35 lakh defective meters were
replaced.
Billing and Collection
Spot billing using hand held computers is
introduced covering all the areas i.e., Towns,
Municipalities, Mandals and Villages.
Monthly spot billing is introduced in all
Municipalities.
On-line billing collection facility is available
in Hyderabad city and all the towns through
264 e-Seva centers and through 1120 RSDPs
(Rural Service Delivery Points) e-Kiosks in
rural areas as on 30.09.2009. Collection
centers increased from 1390 in 2002-03 to
5,389 at present.
Electricity Consumer Meetings
Meetings with consumers held every month
at circle and division level. Major issues
raised are billing complaints and delay in
replacement of DTRs in rural areas.
• Vidyut Adalats held every week to
resolve billing complaints at Mandal
Head Quarters.
• Distribution Transformer replacement
(DTR) centers increased from 85 to 252
for timely replacement.
IT Initiatives
Various Information Technology (IT)
initiatives have been taken up in Distribution
Companies (DISCOMs) to improve the
performance and bring in transparency and
accountability.
• CAT (Consumer Analysis Tool)
• MATS (Monitoring and Tracking
System)
• TIMS (Transformer Information
Management System)
• PMRS (Performance Monitoring and
Reporting System)
• Book Consolidation Module
• Remote Meter Reading (RMR)
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has been
implemented in APTRANSCO and
DISCOMs.
E-Vaaradhi, an electronic way to reach
electricity consumers is introduced in EPDCL
85
for passing the messages relating to billing
information, power shut down information
etc., through SMS.
Management uses these tools very efficiently
for improving Accountability and
Productivity of employees and enhancing
transparency.
Awards
AP Power Sector secured the first rank in
CRISIL rating for the year 2004-05 with a
score of 55.81 in spite of a minus score of 6
marks due to the GoAP policy of providing
free power to agriculture.
APTRANSCO was adjudged second best in
the country in Transmission availability for
the year 2004-05 next to Power Grid
Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) by
MOP, GOI.
APTRANSCO received the Power Line’s
“Expert Choice Award 2006” for “Most
admired Organization in the State Sector”.
APTRANSCO was adjudged best in the
country in Transmission availability for the
years 2005-06 (with 99.87%) and 2006-
07(with 99.89%) by Ministry of Power, Govt.
of India and received Gold Shield.
APTRANSCO has received the India Power
2008 award for the best “overall utility
performance”. The award was presented by
council of power utilities.
APTRANSCO received 2nd prize in IEEMA
power awards 2009 for excellence in power
transmission.
Current Scenario:
The present installed capacity in the State up
to the end of September,2009 (including
share from Central Sector) is 13,986.89 MW.
The energy available from various sources
for use during 2009-10 (up to 9/2009) was
36,489.63 MU. The number of consumers
served has increased from 206.81 lakhs to the
end of March,2009 to 212.27 lakhs to the
end of September,2009. The per capita
consumption has reached 746 kWh during
2008-09.
3,880 sub-stations and 6,93,584 distribution
transformers are existing upto end of
September, 2009 (Annexure – 7.3).
To meet the growing demand for power, the
Government is constructing projects in State
sector and encouraging private sector to
 implement gas based and other projects.
During 10th five-year plan, 2940 MW
capacity was added to the system. Out of
2940 MW, 824 MW is under State Sector,
1355 MW is under Central sector, 428 MW is
under private sector (gas based projects) and
333.05 MW are Non Conventional Energy
projects and others.
It is programmed to add 5582.44 MW during
11th five year plan i.e. 2007-12, out of which
3053 MW is under State sector, 769.23 MW
is under Central sector, 1129 MW is under
private sector (Gas based projects), and
631.21 MW are Non conventional Energy
Projects.
***
ROADS AND BUILDINGS
BUILDINGS:
7.4 Plinth area of the Government Buildings
(Both Residential and Non-Residential) in
the State has increased from 22.80 lakh
Sq.feet. as on 1.4.1965 to 99.72 lakh Sq.feet
as on 31.3.2009.
ROADS
Roads are one of the basic modes of
transportation system and also an important
priority sector of infrastructure. Systematic
development of road is one of the important
pre-requisites for development and
acceleration of growth in the economy.
Among the different modes of domestic
transport systems, road transport carries more
than 80 percent of the goods and passenger
traffic. The network of roads, particularly
from rural to urban facilitates speedy
movement of goods and services and ensures
higher growth trends, social integrity and
well being of the society. The productivity
and efficiency of road transport is directly
linked with the availability and quality of
road network.
Roads and Buildings Department came into
existence in the year 1965 with the merger of
the Buildings wing of the Public Works
Department with the Highways Department
as a separate Department for construction and
upkeep of the Roads and Buildings under one
department. The scenario on these two
sectors as on 1.4.1965 was as under:
86
• Length of Roads under the Department
was 21,510 Kms.
• Plinth area of the Buildings (Both
Residential and Non-residential) was
22.80 Lakh Sq. feet.
Since then, the R&B Department is providing
services to the community at large in
providing good roads as also constructing
and maintaining Government offices and
residential quarters.
In view of the high potential in agricultural
activity, there has been huge increase in road
network. The total R&B road network in the
State is 69,051 Kms as on 31-03-2009. Of
this, the National Highways constitute 4,648
Kms, the State Highways constitute 10,519
Kms and Major District Roads constitute
32,170 Kms and rural roads 21,714 Kms.
The density with reference to R&B road
network in the state is 0.23 Kms per one
square kilometer and 0.86 Kms per 1,000
persons.
State Roads
The State Roads Wing of the R&B
Department constructs and maintains Roads
and Bridges to stipulated standard on all
52,267 Km Non Core net roads under its
control, including those taken over from
Panchayat Raj Department or other Local
Bodies. This is done by removing the
existing deficiencies in the road system such
as improvements or widening to the existing
pavements, Construction of bridges on un-
bridged crossings or, construction of missing
links and improvements to Geometrics on
existing roads for improved road safety and
maintenance of the existing roads in order to
provide all weather roads and to maintain the
existing roads in good condition.
Repairs and Maintenance of Roads
(Non-Plan)
The Roads wing is maintaining the road net
work of 52,267 Km (Non Core Net roads) out
of a total 64,321 km State Roads using the
grant under non-plan (maintenance).
Under maintenance there are two components
i.e., a) Ordinary maintenance and b) Special
Repairs.
Ordinary Maintenance:
Under Ordinary Maintenance works such as
Patch work, Sectioning of berms, Jungle
Clearance, maintenance of bridges or
culvers/CD works and urgent repairs to the
roads are taken up. It is meant for the routine
maintenance of the roads. 25% of the non plan
grant under SH and MDR is allocated for
ordinary maintenance.
Special Repairs:
Under Special Repairs Programme, the roads
which are ripe for renewal with in or beyond
renewal cycle of 4 to 5 years are considered
for renewal of top BT layers. Every year badly
damaged roads are identified which are ripe
for renewal and based on the budget allotted,
the roads are taken up for special repairs.
Plan
Under Normal State Plan, original works
other than maintenance nature works are
taken up. Under the scheme works, new road
formations, construction of new bridges,
widening or strengthening of the existing
roads are taken up. During last 4years
Government have sanctioned 93 works under
MDR and SH costing Rs 782.17 crores. At
present, works costing Rs 132.00 crores were
completed and works costing Rs 450.00
crores are in progress and the balance works
are in tenders or estimate stage.
Under Tribal Sub Plan (TSP), Government
have sanctioned 30 works costing Rs 120.32
crores and the works are in good progress.
Under Schedule Caste Sub Plan, 25 works
costing Rs 21.48 crores works were
sanctioned and the works are in progress.
Apart from the above, Road Safety works
were also sanctioned and the works are
almost completed.
A P Rural Development Fund (APRDF):
From the year 2008-09, Government
provided a separate head to improve rural
roads leading to agricultural areas under
APRDF and allocated a budget provision of
Rs 103.81 crores. 212 Works costing Rs
206.92 crores were taken up so far. At
present 57 works completed and 149 works
are in good progress.
National Highways
As on 30.11.09, there are 17 National
Highways in the State covering a length of
4727 Kms, of which Four-lane and above are
87
2045 Kms, Two-lane are 2340 Kms and
Intermediate lane are 123 Kms and 240 Kms
is Single lane. The density of National
Highways is 6.202 Kms per lakh population
in the state and in terms of area coverage a
length of 17.186 Kms is available for every
1,000 Sq. Kms in the state. The
corresponding figures at all India level are
6.40 Kms and 19.95 Kms respectively.
National Highways Development Project
(NHDP)Phase I & II and Port connectivity
The National Highway No.5, 7 and part of 9
are taken up for development of four-lane
roads in the State. The total length of the
roads taken up for development is 1,834
Kms. The ‘Golden Quadrilateral’ covering a
length of 1,062 Kms is completed. The
construction of roadwork named as ‘North-
South Corridor’ covering a length of 772
Kms is under progress and so far a length of
59 Kms is completed. Similarly, the Port
connectivity road of length 12 Kms and other
projects of road length 58 Kms are
completed.
Phase-III: 519.50 Kms length of National
Highways is proposed for widening into
Four-Lane on the basis of Build, Operate and
Transfer (BOT) model. The road works
proposed under this model are: Hyderabad-
Vijayawada-Machilipatnam on NH-9 of
length 241.0 Kms, Kadapa-Mydakur-
Kurnool on NH-18 of length 192.5 Kms,
Hyderabad-Yadagirigutta on NH-202 of
length 30.0 Kms and Tirupathi-Tiruthani-
Chennai on NH-205 of length of 56.0 Kms.
Bids are being received. Construction of a
road bridge across Vynatheya, a branch of
Godavari, Kathipudi-Pamarru road was
sanctioned for an amount of Rs.4963.24/
7042.82 lakhs and the work is in progress.
Other Important Activities:
A stretch of 31 Kms roadwork from Kms
493/0 to 524/0 of NH-9 from Sangareddy to
Hyderabad is taken up for widening as Four-
lane road on BOT basis, with an estimated
cost of Rs.99.00/144.00 Crores. This work
has been entrusted with a concession period
as 11 years and 7 months (including the
construction period of 2 years). The Project
commercial operation was commenced in
December, 2008.
HUDCO Loan Works:
Widening of roads to four-lanes with drains
have been proposed for easing traffic
congestion and ensure proper drainage flow
in Municipal areas. These works are taken up
under HUDCO Loan Scheme for 1287 KMs
of road (529 works) with an estimated
amount of Rs.745.01 crores. Out of these,
457 works were completed and 65 works are
in progress. 1479 Road safety works at a
cost of Rs.151.50 crores were also
completed.
NABARD Works:
In Rural and interior areas, improvements to
existing earthen and metalled roads are
being taken up in R&B Department with
NABARD loan, to improve the connectivity
of rural areas with nearby villages and towns.
NABARD is sanctioning the loan in two
schemes i.e., RIDF and RIAD. So far,
NABARD have sanctioned works in 13
RIDF (II to XIV) and 3-RIAD (Phase-I to III)
for Rs.2452.75 crores and out of which
Rs.1994.21 crores works were completed all
over the state which includes roads and
bridges.
Under RIDF-X to RIDF – XIV 824.31 Kms
of road and 30 No. of Bridges with an
estimated amount of Rs.268.57 crores and
73.46 crores respectively are taken up in
2009-10, of which 422.00 kms of road work
for Rs.100.61 crores and 9 bridges for
Rs.11.46 crores were completed and the
balance works are in progress. The balance
works of RIDF – XIV and RIAD – Phase III,
which were grounded and targeted to
complete beyond March, 2010 are in
progress.
Andhra Pradesh Road Development
Corporation (APRDC)
The Road Development Corporation was
established in the year 1998 with an objective
for the development and maintenance of
Roads in the State and other allied and
incidental activities there to. Under AP State
Highway Project (APSHP), 1400 Kms were
improved in Widening and Strengthening
component under capital improvement and
1734 Kms were improved in Heavy Periodic
88
Maintenance for State Highways (SH) and
Major District Roads (MDR) with World
Bank loan assistance. The other set of
around 1818 Kms were improved under AP
Economic Restructuring Project to clear the
maintenance backlog on core network of
arterial roads.
A.P. Road Sector Project (P 096021)
“AP Road Sector Project” is approved by the
Government of India (GOI) and World Bank
for further strengthening the objectives set in
the APSHP, to reduce the transport cost and
constraints. The cost of the project is
estimated at Rs.3165.00 Crores.
Major Components of the Project:
a)Up-gradation and Improvement
component for 429 Kms: Cost Rs.1542.47
Crores.
i. In this component, 429 Kms. road
(seven roads consisting of 9 packages)
is targeted for Widening and
Strengthening. The road work for
Chittoor - Puttur road (package 1) is
entrusted and preparatory works are in
progress.
ii. Tenders for Kandi – Shadhnagar road,
Kurnool – Devanakonda, Mydukuru –
Jammalamadugu Road received on
27.05.2009. Financial Evaluation
Committee (FEC) accepted tender for
Kandhi – Shadnagar road and other
tenders are rejected. No-objection from
World Bank is awaited.
iii. Tenders for Jagityala – Peddapalli Road
are accepted by Financial Evaluation
Committee (FEC) and World Bank is
addressed for No-objection.
iv. For Pedana – Vissannapeta Road and
Kakinada – Rajahmundry Road
Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) under
finalization. These Roads are targeted
for grounding in January 2011.
b) Long Term Performance Based
Maintenance Contract (LTPBMC) 6241
kms: Cost Rs.1431.14 Crores (5 years
duration)
In this component, 6241 Kms. of roads are
targeted for maintaining under LTPBMC.
Under Phase-I, eleven (11) Packages Core Network Road works is entrusted to
(2013Kms) are entrusted and grounded. In APRDC with effect from 01.04.2007. An
2nd Phase, Tenders for 26 Packages (4228 amount of Rs.50.00 Cr was allocated under
Kms) are in progress. Non-Plan maintenance during the year 2009-
10. The maintenance works are in progress.
c) Institutional Strengthening, Road Safety
Four road works at a cost of Rs. 1596.50 Cr.
and PPP Facilitation Support:
and One Bridge costing Rs.35.00 Cr. are
Road Financing Study, Road safety policy
sanctioned under Core Net Plan Works which
and Road management system are planned at
are in tender stage.
a cost of Rs.191.39 Crs.
PANCHAYAT RAJ ROADS
Widening of roads to four lanes and
Bridge Works (Build Operate Transfer) The total length of the rural roads under
under Public Private Partnership (PPP) Panchayat Raj engineering department is
1. Second bridge across river Godavari near 1,29,317 Kms in the State as on 30-9-2009.
Rajahmundry including approaches Out of this, Other District Roads consist of
connecting EGK road with (PPP) project. 8,184 Kms and village roads 1,21,249 Kms.
Work is grounded. Piling work for the The surface details of the road length are CC
foundation is in progress. Financial closure Roads 2,854 Kms; BT 31,502 Kms, WBM
achieved on 26.05.2009. 22,284 Kms and Gravel 72,677 Kms.
2. Construction of HLB across river Musi ***
from Km 6/6 to 7/2 of Miryalaguda-Kodada
Road. Work is nearing completion.
TRANSPORT
7.5 Road Transport plays a prominent role in the
In principle approval for VGF received and
economic development of the State. The
tenders are under finalisation for the
Transport Department plays a key role in
following road works:
issue of licenses to drivers, registration of
3. Hyderabad-Karimnagar-Ramagundam
vehicles, issue of permits, collection of tax,
Road (Rajiv Rahadari)
enforcement of vehicle violations and road
4. Narketpally-Addanki -Medaramitla Road.
safety. The State has a registry of 92.28 lakh
5. Puthalapattu - Naidupet Road (excluding
vehicles and 95 lakh driving licenses.
the stretch from Km 41/7 to 59/0).
Vehicular Strength in the state is given in
DFRs are under finalization for the following
Annexure 7.4.
works:
The Transport Department collects revenues
6. Up-gradation and Improvement of road
from the issue of driving licenses,
from Nellore to Gooty Road via Badvel –
registrations, permits and taxes. The growth
Mydukur – Rayalacheruvu.
of revenue is shown in Table 7.3.
7. Khammam-Tallada-Devarapalli Road.
8. Kadapa - Renigunta Road. Table 7.3
9. Up-gradation of road from Anakapalli to Transport Revenue
Anandapuram (SH-38) via Sabbavaram and Year Amount (Rs. Crs)
Gundugolanu – Devarapalli - Kovveru Road. 2001-02 950.92
Administrative Sanction is awaited. 2002-03 918.69
2003-04 1095.85
Annuity Works: 2004-05 1096.49
1) Six road works with a length of 154.79 2005-06 1354.19
Kms at cost of Rs. 397.91Cr. are in 2006-07 1372.00
progress.
2007-08 1591.61
2) Two Bridge works costing Rs. 216.27 Cr.
2008-09 1846.52
are to be grounded.
2009-10 2315.00
Core Network Roads under Non-Plan: (Provisional)
The Maintenance and Management of 12,048 Source: Transport Department
Kms of High Density Corridors designated as

89
The Transport Department administers
through 43 RTO offices, 47 Unit offices and
37 MVI offices to facilitate the public. All
services in the Transport Department are
fully computerized and provide for multiple
access to services through Internet, e-seva
centers in addition to the department’s offices
with a view to increase transparency in the
functioning of the department ensuring
customer access. Citizens can now make tax
payments or book slots of the learner licenses
and driving licenses through the e-Seva
counters or through the internet or at the
transport offices.
New Initiatives
Citizen Friendly Services has been the goal
of the computerization strategy in the
Transport Department. The department
gradually plans to migrate from client- sever
architecture to the web enabled architecture
for greater data integrity and uniformity of
operations across the state. This not only
enhances transparency but reduces discretion
at lower levels in addition to cutting down
transaction time. Some of the initiatives
undertaken by the department are:
• Slot booking on the internet or through e-
Seva services or through RTA offices have
been made mandatory for learner license
and driving license.
• Any service - any counter to expedite
works of the RTA offices, besides
rationalizing the use of man power.
• Despatch of all documents by speed post.
• Registration of non-transport vehicles can
now be done in one day.
• Online payment of life tax by all vehicle
dealers has been made mandatory from
June 1st 2008.
• Bio-metric (finger print) authentication has
been introduced for learner license test.
• Driving Licenses in smart card form are
being issued in Hyderabad, Vijayawada,
and Kadapa and will shortly be extended
through out the State.
• Color coding of all categories of driving
licenses has been introduced for better
enforcement.
90
• 20,000 RTC buses and 400 SETWIN buses
have been added to the transport data-base
to expedite issue of permits and fitness
certificates.
• Affixing retro reflected stickers on
transport vehicles has been made
mandatory.
• Fully functional website will enable
citizens to access data of vehicles,
application forms and access of services.
Pollution Control
The Department has taken steps to upgrade
and net work all the 475 Pollution-Testing
stations that were licensed in the private
sector to be compatible to new testing norms
prescribed in Central Motor Vehicles Rules
1989. 101 Pollution Testing Stations were
networked so far.
In order to control vehicular pollution, Goods
vehicles and Stage Carriages of 15+ years
have been prohibited from the Hyderabad
area. Similarly, public service and private
service vehicles of more than 15 year old are
prohibited in Visakhapatnam area.
Restriction has been imposed on the number
of three wheeled contract carriages (Auto-
rickshaws) in Hyderabad, Vijayawada and
Visakhapatnam. No new permits are issued
to three wheeler contract carriages in these
three cities. Any replacement of auto
rickshaw is permitted with LPG operated
one. There are 24 auto LPG Dispensing
stations established in and around Hyderabad
and 38,670 auto rickshaws and 19,501 cars
have been converted to LPG mode fuel.
Enforcement
The Department has been making a
conscious effort to enforce the provisions of
the Motor Vehicles Act by actively booking
violation of vehicle registration and driving
license conditions. Active enforcement
enables better compliance of registration and
licensing conditions by operators. In the year
2008-09, the department through active
enforcement has been able to mobilize
revenue of Rs.168 crores. During the current
year 2009-10, the department is likely to
achieve a target of Rs.215 crores.
Road Safety
Road Safety implementation constitutes one
of the important tasks of the transport
department. Over the years, the state has
witnessed an increase in the number of
accidents owing to expansion in the road
network, motorization and urbanization. An
analysis of road accidents indicates that
around 80% of the road accidents are due to
drivers fault. Given the advanced
technologies of vehicles today, only 2% of
the accidents/fatalities is due to defects in the
motor vehicles. With a view to mitigate the
number of road accidents in the state, the
transport department has initiated a number
of measures under the Road Safety Program
called SAFAR - Safety Always For All
Roads:
1. Streamlining the Licensing system of
drivers: The department has introduced
computer based learner licence test to
assess the knowledge of drivers.
2. Driving test has been made rigorous
through strict testing on driving tracks.
All districts have a driving test track.
3. Heavy motor vehicle driving schools
need to register online, all candidates
undergoing training to enable them to
take a test for obtaining a heavy motor
vehicle licence.
4. Enforcement by police and transport
department has been made more intensive
to book violations under the MV Act
(with reference to driving and
overloading of goods and passenger
vehicles)
5. Contract carriages are being constantly
monitored and checked for carrying
commercial goods at the cost of the
safety of the passengers.
6. Sub-inspectors of police have been
authorized to check all visible offences.
7. Auto rickshaws are prohibited on the
national highways.
8. Driving licences of drivers involved in
fatal and grievous accidents are being
suspended. 21,473 licences have been
suspended ( July 06-Aug.09)
9. District road safety committees have been
reconstituted with District Collector as
Chairman for effective monitoring and
taking remedial measures.
10. Laser guns have been procured for
detecting over speeding vehicles. So far
2,816 cases have been booked for over
speeding. Interceptor vehicles fitted with
laser guns, breath analysers and
surveillance cameras and pollution testing
equipment have been provided to
Hyderabad, Rangareddy, Visakhapatnam,
Vijayawada and Chittoor districts to
check violations. To date 17,849 cases
have been booked through interceptor
vehicles.
11. Twenty two (22) Surveillance Cameras
have been provided to the Police
Department erected at 11 identified
junctions in the twin cities of Hyderabad
and Secunderabad. e-challans are being
generated by the Police department for
all offences detected.
12. Six Heavy duty cranes have been
supplied to the police department for
removal of stranded and accident vehicles
on the important national highways. The
department plans to acquire another 10
cranes to cover all national highways.
***
APSRTC
7.6 The Transport needs of the people in the state
were first met by a wing of Nizam Railways
in June, 1932 with 27 buses and 166 staff,
mainly looking after the needs of passengers
connected to Railway Stations. Later on, the
Road Transport Sector was under the
Department of Hyderabad State from 1st
Nov.1951 and with the re-organization of
States, a separate Corporation was initialized
in Andhra Pradesh State w.e.f 11th January,
1958.
The corporation initially had a fleet strength
of 609 buses (16 depots) with a staff of 5,081
during the year 1958. As the State has been
growing on all fronts since then, the needs of
transport have also increased, forcing the
implementation of nationalization and
increase its’ fleet strength year after year to
meet the needs of travelling public.
APSRTC is the largest State Road Transport
undertaking in the country, which has not
91
only entered in the Limca Book of Records in
the year 2000, but also entered the Guinness
Book of World Records on 31stOctober,
1999. The Corporation is first in fleet
utilization in the country by achieving
99.54% in the year 2009-10 (upto Sep.09).
The Corporation has 7 Zones, 23 Regions
and 202 Depots with a total fleet strength of
21,390 buses and 1.15 lakhs employees on
rolls as at the end of September,09.
All the 202 depots having fleet operation
were computerized and linked through a Dial
up network. The fuel efficiency is 5.26 KMs
per litre during 2009-10 (upto Sep.09). It
operates about 77.05 lakhs KMs. and
transports about 1.44 crore passengers daily.
Average Vehicle Productivity per day 364
kms and Average Fleet Utilization is 99.54%.
Product Achievements:
The Corporation has innovated trend setting
improvements in the quality of travel in rural
and urban areas by providing newly designed
ordinary coaches ‘Pallevelugu’ for rural
passengers; ‘Garuda’ for long distance
passengers, ‘Seethala Hamsa’, ‘Metro
Deluxe’ and ‘Metro Express’ for urban
passengers, and ‘Sapthagiri Deluxe’,
‘Sapthagiri Express’ ‘Sapthagiri Ordinary’
for ghat road passengers. The Corporation
has introduced On-line ticket booking system
for the convenience of passengers.
Special Achievements:
The Corporation bagged National Awards
on:
i) Highest Tyre Performance.
ii) Fuel efficiency.
iii) Productivity.
Among the STUs in India, APSRTC stands
top in the area of physical performance in the
vehicle productivity and resource utilization
indicators like V.U., Fleet Utilization,
average No. of passengers transported, Fuel
efficiency, Tyre life, break down rate and
Accident rate.
APSRTC is one of the largest employer in
the state having 1.15 lakh employees. The
staff ratio per bus has been under control at
6.04 during 2009-10 (upto Sep.09), when
compared to that of 6.13 in 2008-09(upto
Sep.08). Employee’s productivity has
increased to 60 KMs during 2009-10 (upto
Sep.09) from 58 KMs of 2008-09(upto
Sep.08).
After a gap of several years, APSRTC took
up direct recruitment of Management
Trainers and Supervisory Trainees during
2008-09, in order to energize and
professionalize the Executive and
Supervisory cadres. The regular conduct of
induction training and refresher courses for
defaulting drivers has resulted in increased
safety to operations both during night and
day time. The rate of accidents per lakh KMs
of operation was 0.11 during 2009-10(upto
Sep.09), when compared to last year of 0.12
per lakh KMs in 2008-09(upto Sep.08).
APSRTC performance from 2003-04 to
2009-10(upto Sep.09) is given at Annexure
7.5.
***
AIRPORTS
Hyderabad International Airport
7.7 The Rajiv Gandhi International airport at
Hyderabad, was inaugurated on 14th March,
2008 and commenced operations from 23rd
March, 2008. The new airport was opened to
the public, pursuant to the notification issued
by the Ministry of Civil Aviation to launch
operations. With the new Greenfield airport
starting full-scale operations, the existing
airport at Begumpet has been closed for civil
aviation operations.
The new Rajiv Gandhi Airport has been
developed by GMR Hyderabad International
Airport Limited (GHIAL), a joint venture
company promoted by GMR Group (63%)
and Malaysia Airports Holding Berhad
(11%), Government of Andhra Pradesh
(13%) and Airports Authority of India (13%)
as the other consortium partners.
The airport is strategically located providing
excellent opportunity to develop it as a hub
for domestic and international passenger and
cargo traffic. The futuristic airport reflects
the long term vision to build it as a major
domestic and international hub.
Hyderabad is centrally located and within a
two hour flying time to all the major cities in
India and 4 hours from major cities in the
Middle East and South East Asia. The city
has the potential not only to become one of
92
the main hubs in India while also handling
traffic between the East and West.
RGIA is the second public-private
partnership venture in the Indian airports, the
first being the Cochin. International Airport.
RGIA provides world-class facilities and
infrastructure, in accordance with ICAO
standards and practices, to handle large
aircraft and international traffic. Its integrated
domestic and international terminals are
equipped with 12 contact boarding bridges,
30 remote stands, Common User Terminal
Equipment (CUTE), self check-in kiosks
(Common User Self Service- CUSS) and 46
immigration counters. It also incorporates
modern IT systems including Flight
Information Display Screens, Baggage
Handling System (BHS), and Airport
Operational Database (AODB) technology
for the first time in India. RGIA is the first
Indian airport to have the fully automated
Airport Operations Control Centre which acts
as the nerve centre for all coordination within
the airport.
RGIA is designed to cater to 12 Million
Passenger per annum (MPPA) which can be
phase-wise developed to cater to an ultimate
capacity of 40 MPPA. After completion, it
will consist of 2 runways, 2 integrated
terminals, landside commercial zones, 2
SEZ’s, community facilities and the entire
necessary supporting infrastructure. The
landside area consists of land lying between
the two runways of the RGIA and covers
about 1860 acres of land.
A Special Handling Terminal with a built-up
area of 2592 Sq.M has been developed for
facilitating Haj pilgrimage and other similar
activities.
Connectivity
The major access points to the new airport
are from National Highway NH-7 (on its
West) and Srisailam State Highway (on its
East) besides the Outer Ring Road (ORR)
which is in phased progress.
1st phase of ORR had been opened up for the
common traffic which now effectively
connect Cyberabad region to the Airport.
11.8 km long elevated expressway (PVNR)
has also been opened for traffic recently,
which now enable passengers to reach airport
from the city centre through the NH-7
Highway, within 30 minutes. Besides these,
Multi-Modal Transportation System
(MMTS), Mono Rail Transport System
(MRTS) and other alternative modes of
transport are being actively explored in
collaboration with the state government.
Traffic Highlights
The global Economic downturn had
significantly impacted the traffic growth at
RGIA. But currently the traffic is showing a
marginal improvement with observed
reversal of negative trend and for the current
year by March 2010 traffic at RGIA is
expected to register a positive growth.
Freight Traffic
The Hyderabad airport has registered an
overall CAGR of 18.9% during 2001-02 to
2008-09 with international at 25.4% and
domestic at 10.9%. The year 2008-09 has
shown 12% increase in the overall volumes
of freight handled with international at 38%
and domestic at -12%.
For the first half of the year 2009-10,
Domestic Cargo have grown at a rate of
CAGR 15.5%, where as the international
cargo has registered a CAGR of -2.6%.
***
PORTS
7.8 Andhra Pradesh is having 974 kms. long
coast line with one major Port at
Visakhapatnam under Government of India
and 13 Non-Major Ports under State
Government. Recent trends show that India’s
trade is growing especially in dry bulk cargo
traffic with China and Asian countries,
leading to a substantial increase in cargo
from the East Coast.
Ports offer tremendous potential for
development and for the growth of a wide
spectrum of maritime activities such as
international shipping, coastal shipping, ship
repairs, fishing, captive ports for specific
industries, all weather ports, tourism and
sports etc.,
The Andhra Pradesh Port Department
prepared a perspective plan for development
of Ports according to which 100 Million
93
Tonnes of cargo by 2011-12 is programmed
for handling.
Kakinada Anchorage Port:
The Anchorage Port is a sheltered Port with
the location of 17 Kms. length of Hope
Island. Anchorage Port handles about 150 to
200 sea going ships every year. There are
about 100 private owned steel barges with a
total capacity of 3,000 Tonnes employing
2,000 persons. About 3,000 workers are
working as shore labour and stevedoring
labour in the ships.
The cargo handled in Anchorage Port was
4.79 Lakh Tonnes during 2009-10 i,e., upto
30.09.2009 and earned revenue of Rs. 5.73
Crores. During this financial year, it is
programmed to handle 25 lakh tonnes.
Kakinada Deep Water Port:
The Deep water berths developed by the
Government were privatized in 1999 and
handed over to M/s. International Sea Ports
Ltd., for Operation and Maintenance for 50
years. For this purpose, a Special Purpose
Vehicle (SPV) called M/s. Kakinada Seaports
Limited (KSPL) was created for operating
and maintaining the Port. They have been
operating the Port for the last 10 years.
M/s.KSPL have made good of marketing
efforts and 62.80 lakh tonnes of cargo
handled and an amount of Rs.86.37 crores
was earned as revenue by the end of 30-09-
2009. The gross income during 2009-10 is
expected to cross Rs.174.00 crores.
Rawa Port:
The Port is located in East Godavari District
having an off shore single buoy mooring
system for collecting off shore oil from 6
Nos. of oil rigs on the Rawa basin and pump
the same into the oil tankers for transporting
to other Ports. M/s. Cairn Energy (I) Ltd., as
Acceleration Company installed Single Buoy
Mooring (SBM) at Rawa Port. The Port
handled 9.56 lakh tonnes of crude oil and
earned an amount of Rs.2.45 crores as
revenue during 2009-10 upto September,
2009.
7.9 As on January 2010, there are 16,146 Post
Gangavaram Port
Offices in the State, of which 104 Mukhya
The Port is located in Visakhapatnam district.
Dak Ghars/Head Offices, 2,335 Sub Offices,
It is being developed with private
31 Extra Departmental Sub Offices and
participation as a Multipurpose All Weather
13,676 Branch Offices. Similarly, there were
94
Port to become the deepest port (21m) with
round the clock operations and with state-of-
art cargo handling equipment. It would also
be the most environment friendly port. All
statutory clearances were obtained and 95%
works are completed. The operations of the
port have commenced in July, 2008. The
total estimated cost is Rs.1,850 crores in
Phase-I, Rs.2,600 crores in Phase-II and
Rs.10,000 crores in Phase-III. The handling
capacity of Phase-I is 35 Million Tonnes,
Phase-II is 75 Million Tonnes and Phase-III
is 200 Million Tonnes per annum. The port
handled 61.72 lakh tonnes of cargo and
earned an amount of Rs.194.31 crores as
revenue by 30-9-2009.
Krishnapatnam Port
This port is in Nellore District and this 1st
greenfield port is being developed by
Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd.,(KPCL)
on Build, Operate, Share and Transfer
(BOST) basis under PPP over a period of 30
years.
Phase-I of the port is developed with an
estimated investment of Rs.1,200 crores and
will have five berths. The port has started
commercial operations from March, 2009.
Phase-II of the port will be developed with an
estimated investment of Rs.6,000 crores to
handle 40 million tonnes.
Vadarevu, Nizampatnam Port and
Industrial Corridor – VANPIC project
This twin Port project and industrial corridor
is being developed in Guntur and Prakasam
districts by M/s.VANPIC Pvt.Ltd., under
MoU route, with a total investment of
Rs.16,800 Crores. Concession Agreement
was concluded with the developer in
July,2008 to develop the VANPIC project on
BOOT basis for a period of 33 years,
extendable by 11 years + 11 years. State
Government is providing land on lease basis
and external infrastructure to this twin port
project.
***
COMMUNICATIONS
 149 Telegraph Offices, 4,180 Telephone prime locations fostering homely ambience,
Exchanges. The details are given in an impressive fleet of 144 buses connecting
Annexure 7.6. important tourism locations within and
As per the TRAI report, there are a total of outside the state. The corporation runs
438.94 lakh telephone connections at the end Sound and Light shows, owns and operates
of December,09 in the state. Out of which, water fleet of 117 boats, Launches and
24.55 lakh connections are wireline (land pleasure rides making River and Lake cruise
line) and 414.39 lakhs are wireless (GSM, tourism an affordable reality.
CDMA and WLL (F)). The activities of the Corporation are:
*** o Tourism Infrastructure Development
BANKING o Hotels and Catering Units
7.10 The number of scheduled bank o Guided and Package Tours
offices in the State is 6,641 at the end of o Leisure Cruises and Pleasure Boating
September, 2009. The aggregate deposits o Sound and Light Shows
amounted to Rs.2,21,651 crores and the total Eco-Tourism
bank credit advanced was of the order of The Corporation develops tourism
Rs.2,24,549 crores as on 30-9-2009. The infrastructure and package development for
credit-deposit ratio of the banks in AP is overall development of tourism in the State.
101.31% as against RBI norm of 60%. The Corporation involved in many areas of
The total priority sector advances to net bank development i.e. hotels, resorts, wayside
credit is Rs.98,104 crores (45.74%) against amenities, tourist packages and water sports
RBI norm 40%. Agricultural advances to Net etc. Recently, it has ventured into new
Bank Credit are Rs.48,480 crores at 22.60% tourism related fields like, Heritage,
of Net Bank Credit (NBC) against RBI norm Pilgrimage and Eco-tourism etc.
of 18%. SSI Advances (outstanding) is Growth:
Rs.21,494 crores at 10.02% of NBC. Other APTDC has registered a systematic growth
priority sector advances are at Rs.28,130 over the years both in terms of revenue and
crores forming 13.11% of NBC. Profile of also tourist arrivals. The thrust of the
banking institutions in A.P as on 31.12.2008 Government of Andhra Pradesh on the
is given in Annexure 7.7. development and promotion of tourism has
enabled this to happen. In line with the
*** policy of the Government, APTDC focused
TOURISM on the development of tourism infrastructure
7.11 Andhra Pradesh Tourism thereby promoting new tourism products and
Development Corporation (APTDC) is a successful operation of tourist centers.
State Government Undertaking incorporated Growth of A. P Tourism Development
in the year 1976. It continues to register Corporation from 2000-01 to 2009-10 is
significant growth since 1999-2000 with a shown in Table 7.4.
focus on the creation of tourism
infrastructure and products. Table 7.4
APTDC continues to strive for promotion of Tourists Inflow and Revenue
new tourism products such as Eco-Tourism,
Beach Tourism and Cruise Tourism. During Year Tourists Revenue
(Nos.Lakhs) (Rs.Crores)
2008-09, 6 new Eco-tourism destinations
2004-05 24.96 59.18
have been promoted as novel initiatives
2005-06 43.83 76.46
under community based Eco-Tourism. The 2006-07 53.54 89.50
River Cruise tourism to Pattiseema and 2007-08 62.47 100.89
Papikondalu on river Godavari has become 2008-09 73.79 109.00
immensely popular. 2009-10 77.48 117.00
Presently, the corporation runs a chain of 55 (projected)
Source: Tourism Development Corporation
hotels with 1043 rooms and 2,222 beds in

95
Tour Packages:
To make travel hassle free and more
comfortable, APTDC has designed a number
of Tourists Packages to varied destinations
covering temples, hill resorts, beach resorts,
heritage sites both in and outside the state
through its modern transport fleet of over 144
buses. APTDC is the first corporation in the
country to introduce Volvo coaches that has
set a new level in the tourism travel. The
transport fleet is supported by a chain of
central reservation offices in Hyderabad,
Tirupati, Visakhapatnam, Bangalore,
Chennai, Kolkatta and Shirdi supported by a
network of tour promotion agents. APTDC
also enters into strategic alliance with major
tour operators. The tours connect major hubs
in the south such as Chennai, Bangalore,
Shirdi, Tirupati, Hyderabad, Coimbattore,
Mangalore and Goa making South India a
seamless travel destination.
Haritha Hotel Chain:
APTDC has developed the “Haritha Hotel
Chain” located in important tourist centers.
which provides the right ambience and the
quality a tourist truly deserves. All APTDC
hotels provide for a restaurant, AC and non
AC accommodation and in major locations a
swimming pool. APTDC has a strategic
arrangement with Shanthigiri Ayurvedic
Clinic of Kerala, which provides wellness
ayurvedic treatment.
Important places where hotels and resorts are
located includes Hyderabad, Vijayawada,
Visakhapatnam, Jungle Bells, Araku Valley,
Rishikonda, Basara, Bhadrachalam,
Warangal, Tirupati, Horesely Hills, Kuppam,
Yadagirigutta, Kurnool, Dwaraka Tirumala,
Srisailam, Nagarjuna Sagar and Dindi. In
addition to these, construction of new hotels
is nearing completion at Gandikota and
Ananthagiri, R.R District.
Wayside Amenities
To provide better facilities to highway
travelers, APTDC has taken up development
of Wayside Amenities along the highways at
Alankanpally, Suryapet, Pragnapur,
Kamareddy, Lepakshi, Wyra, Sone and
Srikalahasthi. Facilities like Restaurant,
Washrooms, Parking area, Souvenir Shop
and Children Play area are developed at these
96
places. Projects completed and
commissioned are Alankanpally, Pragnapur,
Lepakshi, Srikalahasti and Suryapet.
Development of wayside amenities at Wyra
and Tallapaka is taken up and works are in
progress.
Water Fleet:
The large number of water bodies have
enabled APTDC to develop lake and river
tourism in Andhra Pradesh. Wholesome
entertainment and pleasure cruises are being
operated in the Hussainsagar lake in
Hyderabad. Visiting tourists and local
residents can view the Buddha on the rock of
Gibralter or just dine through a pleasure
cruise on the most popular cruise boats such
as the Bhagirathi, Bhagmathi and the Khair-
un-nissa. The water fleet strength of APTDC
is 117 which includes FRP Boats, Launches,
Parasail Boat and large vessels. The
Corporation operates 10 cruises in Godavari
and Krishna rivers. New catamaran type
boats and latest Speedboats have been
introduced at various water bodies as a part
of strengthening the water fleet operation.
APTDC operates pleasure rides at the
Miralam tank, Durgam Cheruvu, Nagarjuna
Sagar, Nellore, Srisailam, Vijayawada,
Visakhapatnam (Bay of Bengal), Karimnagar
(LMD), Tirupati, Rajahmundry and
Brahmasagaram. New boating units at
suitable Jalayagnam sites have been taken up
by the corporation and about 17 new units
proposed to be established in this year.
River Cruises: As a part of new product
development, the Corporation has
aggressively promoted river cruises during
last year. The Corporation operates one of
the most popular River Cruise on River
Godavari between Pattiseema and
Papikondalu. The introduction of the river
cruise on the Godavari has stimulated many a
private entrepreneur to operate similar
cruises on the Godavari. The cruise offers a
unique experience of a boat ride for over four
hours and brings back the tourists to
Pattiseema in the evening. Two days package
with night stay in tented camp along the
banks of the Godavari near Kollur enroute to
Papikondalu also arranged for tourists. A
Twin deck cruise (120 seater-Haritha)
introduced with lower Deck A/c is presently Eco-Tourism
operating in Godavari river in addition to The Corporation took the initiative of
FRP boats. A new boat 50 seater (Sabari) identifying potential Eco-tourism spots and
also introduced to meet the demand. successfully implemented the popular eco
projects like the Belum caves, revamping of
Houseboats:
Borra caves, an exotic Jungle destination by
APTDC has 5 air-conditioned houseboats,
name Jungle Bells at Tyda, famous lake
which offer a unique experience similar to
project at Durgam Cheruvu, illumination of
the backwaters of Kerala. The House Boats
Ettipothala water Falls and development of
are equipped with two bedrooms and a deck
Bhavani River Island.
to laze through the day along the serene and
picturesque Godavari in East Godavari
District. Community based Eco-tourism
Eco-tourism is the new buzzword in the
realm of tourism throughout the World.
Sound and Light Shows:
Andhra Pradesh is bountifully endowed by
The corporation in its endeavour to show
nature in the form of hills and valleys of the
case historic and heritage monuments to the
Eastern Ghats, a vast coastline and lush green
tourists has developed Sound and Light
forests. Conscious efforts have been made to
shows at Golconda Fort, Hyderabad and
preserve the natural beauty and environment
Chandragiri palace near Tirupati. These two
while creating infrastructure and facilities for
shows are immensely popular. A multimedia
tourists that fit in with the natural
show is under development at the
surroundings.
Amaravathi Interpretation Centre.
Andhra Pradesh is encouraging community
based Eco-tourism in association with Forest
Ropeway
Department of AP under their Community
Ropeway facility at Srisailam - Pathalaganga
Forest Management program by providing
started in 2005 giving good revenue to the
opportunities for jungle walks, forest retreats,
corporation i.e about Rs.10 to Rs.12 lakhs
wild life tourism, bird watching and trekking.
per month on an average. This facility has
benefited so many local people with direct
and indirect employment in Pathalganga area.
Eco- Tourism initiatives
Boating revenue also increased due to this
• APTDC in coordination with AP Forest
facility as more tourists are getting down to
Department and Vana Samrakshana
Pathalganga and taking the boat rides.
Samithi(Tribal communities) has
Akkamahadevi Caves river cruise operation
identified eight Eco-tourism destinations
also increased with this ropeway. This
at Maredumilli (East Godavari District),
became a major attraction for Srisailam
Nelapattu (Nellore District), Mamandur,
pilgrim tourists.
Talakona, Nanniyal (Chittoor District),
Balapalli (Kadapa District), Ettipotala
Focus areas
(Guntur District), Kambala Konda
APTDC has focused development in and
(Visakhapatnam District).
around the three primary destinations of
• Eco-tourism package would involve
Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam and Tirupati.
Nature Treks, Wildlife Tourism and
Further, development is also centered around
Jungle Stays.
the 3 secondary destinations i.e Warangal,
Kurnool and Vijayawada. The development • Transport to and fro the destination will
of infrastructure is based on developing be provided by APTDC.
destinations and tourism circuits with a • Vana Samrakshana Samithi (community)
funding mix from the Government of India will provide accommodation, guide
and Government of Andhra Pradesh. services and food.

97
 • A.P. Forest Department will provide
infrastructure under Community Forest
Management (CFM).
On-going Tourism projects:
a) Budget Hotel at Nizamabad with a cost of
Rs.6.00 crores is in progress.
b) Development of Tourist facilities and
amenities at Anantha Padmanabha Swamy
Temple at Ananthagiri, Ranga Reddy District
and Alampur, Mahabubnagar District
c) Development of Eco and Adventure
Tourism Resort at Ananthagiri, Ranga Reddy
District is nearing completion.
d) Development of Eco Jungle camp at
Ananthagiri, Ranga Reddy District in an area
of 213 acres.
e) Development of River Cruise Circuit on
River Godavari and Krishna at a cost of
Rs.425.95 lakhs is in progress.
f) Adventure and Heritage Tourism Center at
Gandikota with an estimated cost of Rs.2.53
crore is nearing completion.
g) Development of Eco-park at Edupulapaya
Village is in progress.
h) Construction of additional Blocks at
Srisailam and Mahanandi in Kurnool District
is in progress.
i) Development of Adventure Tourism at
Puligundu, Chittoor District is in progress.
j) Development of Eco-Tourism Center at
Pulicat, Nellore District is nearing
completion.
k) Development of Buddhist circuit including
major developments at Nagarjunsagar,
Chandavaram, Amaravathi and Undavalli is
in progress.
l) Development of Visakhapatnam Beach
Circuit is in progress.
***
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
& COMMUNICATIONS
7.12 Government of Andhra Pradesh aspires to
transform the State into a Knowledge Society
and make available the benefits of
Information Technology (IT) to the last mile
of the State and to all citizens, especially
those in rural areas.
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IT Promotion
Andhra Pradesh has emerged as a State that
provides the right climate for the growth of
IT business and is now one of the most
preferred destinations in the Country. A.P. is
at present home for major MNC - IT giants
and Fortune 500 companies, such as
Microsoft, Google, IBM, Oracle, DELL,
Deloitte, Convergys, UBS, Bank of America,
HSBC, Wipro, Infosys, HCL, Honeywell,
Siemens, Cognizant, Sonata, Mahendra
British Telecom, Patni, Celestica, Unisys,
and many more.
As a growth engine, IT sector in A.P. is
making steady strides for rapid socio-
economic development of the State. The
performance for the year 2008-09 is as
follows:
Exports:
Despite economic slowdown, the State
continued to maintain high growth rates in
the IT sector. For the year 2008-09, the IT
sector recorded an export growth rate of
24.5% as against the national average of
20.65%, with the exports turnover of
Rs.32,509 crores. IT sector contributes to
about 52.09% of total exports from all sectors
in the State. AP State ranked fourth in IT
performance in the Country. The share of IT
exports from the State of Andhra Pradesh
occupies 15% of national IT exports.
Employment:
As of 2008-09, IT sector created gainful
direct IT employment to 2,51,786 as against
the All India IT/ITES employment
generation of 22,00,000(AP Share 11.44%).
It is estimated by NASSCOM (National
Association of Software & Service
Companies) that every direct job in IT
creates four indirect jobs.
IT Companies registered in AP with
STPI:
As of 2008-09, there are 1,206 IT/ITES
companies registered in A.P with STPI.
During 2008-09, 69 IT/ITES companies
registered with STPI, with a total projected
investment of Rs.510 crores, as against 616
companies registered in the country.
The growth of IT in the State from 1997-98 iii) IT/ITES units/ companies and non-
till 2008-09 shown in Table 7.5. hazardous hardware manufacturing
industry consisting of IT & Electronics
Table 7.5 are declared as essential service.
Growth of Information Technology iv) IT/ITES units/ companies are exempt
from the purview of statutory power cuts.
Exports No. of v) General permission for three shift
Year (Rs. Crores) Employees operations with women working in the
Year wise (Cumulative) night for IT/ITES units/ companies.
1997-98 284 8700 vi) Power: IT industry is classified as
1998-99 574 12000 industrial unit for the purpose of levying
1999-00 1,059 25,500 the industrial power tariff.
2000-01 1,917 48,700 vii) Stamp Duty: 100% reimbursement of
2001-02 2,907 64,000 stamp duty, transfer duty and
2002-03 3,668 71,445 Registration fee paid by IT Industry &
2003-04 5,025 85,945 Telecommunication companies. This
2004-05 8,270 1,26,920 incentive shall be allowed one time on
2005-06 12,521 1,51,789 the first transaction only.
viii) Zoning regulations: IT/ITES units/
2006-07 18,582 1,87,450
companies are exempt from the zoning
2007-08 26,122 2,39,000
regulations and from the payment of
2008-09 32,509 2,51,786
Source: Software Technology Parks of India, Hyd.
conversion fee.
ix) Patent Filing Costs: Reimbursement of
IT Promotion and Policy the cost of filing patents to companies
The Government announced first Information having their headquarters in Andhra
Technology (IT) Policy for promoting the IT Pradesh for successfully receiving patents
Industry and IT Enabled Services in the State to a maximum of Rs.2 Lakhs per patent
in May,1999. The IT Policy was modified awarded.
and revised as Information and x) Quality certification: Reimbursement
Communication Technology (ICT) Policy of 20% of expenditure incurred for
subsequently in June, 2002. The present ICT obtaining quality certifications for CMM
Policy came into force in May, 2005 and is Level 2 upwards upto to a maximum of
effective for 5 years. Rs.4 lakhs.
The objective of the present ICT Policy is xi) IT Industry is exempt from inspections
that the State of AP is to become a leading under the following Acts and the Rules
destination for investments in ICT and a framed there under, barring inspections
major player in the information economy. arising out of specific complaints. The IT
units are permitted to file self-certificates,
Salient Features of ICT Policy 2005-2010: in the prescribed formats.
(1) Incentives and facilitation: (a) The Factories Act 1948.
ICT Policy 2005-10 provides the following (b) The Maternity Benefit Act 1961.
incentives for encouraging setting up of IT (c) The AP Shops & Establishments Act
companies in the State: 1988.
i) Allotment of lands to IT MNCs/IT (d) The Contract Labour (Regulation &
Majors in Hyderabad and Tier-2 locations Abolition) Act 1970.
subject to fulfillment of the eligibility (e) The Payment of Wages Act 1936.
criteria and availability of lands. (f) The Minimum Wages Act 1948.
ii) IT/ITES units are exempt from the (g) The Employment Exchanges
purview of the AP Pollution Control Act (Compulsory Notification of
except in respect of power generation Vacancies) Act 1959.
sets.

99
(2) Special package for Small and Medium
Enterprises (SMEs):
In addition to above general incentives, IT
SMEs - IT Industry units/companies with
turnover less than Rs.10 crores and above
Rs.1 crore per annum - are eligible for the
following special incentives:
a. Power: 25% rebate on power tariff in
the first three years of the operations and
conversion to Industrial Power Tariff.
b. Reimbursement of 50% Exhibition
subsidy for participating in the international
exhibitions limited to 9 sq., mts., of space, in
respect of the stall rent payable for
participation in international events notified
by the IT&C Department.
c. Rs.10 Lakhs as recruitment assistance
for employing minimum 100 employees in
IT and 200 employees in ITES within one
year of commencement of commercial
operations in Hyderabad and around upto 50
kms. This incentive will not be available if
the incentive Rebate on cost of land is
availed.
(3) Incentives for Mega Projects:
A special package of incentives and special
dispensation, including allotment of Govt /
APIIC land on reasonable consideration,
offered for mega projects, subject to certain
guidelines and eligibility criteria. Such
projects will be defined as projects creating
employment of more than 1,000 in the case
of IT and 1,500 in the case of ITES.
Alternatively, an investment of Rs.50 crores
and above will be considered as a mega
project.
(4) Incentives in Tier-II locations:
Besides the general incentives mentioned
above, IT companies set up in Tier-II
locations are eligible for the following
additional incentives:
1. A subsidy of Rs.50 lakhs to the first five
anchor IT / ITES companies employing
more than 250 employees in IT or 500
employees in ITES in any Tier-II
location.
2. Rs.15 Lakhs as recruitment assistance for
employing minimum 100 employees in
IT and 200 employees in ITES within
100
two years of commencement of
commercial operations in the Tier-II city.
• IT/ITES units/ companies can avail
any one of the above incentives only.
• This incentive is not available for the
IT/ITES units/companies availing
Rebate on the Cost of Land.
• A company in Hyderabad should start
new operations 100 Kms, away from
the present location but within the
state. The distance between two units
should be 100 Kms, for being
considered as a new unit.
• New IT companies commencing
operations for the first time in AP
should be 100 kms., away from
Hyderabad for availing the incentive.
IT Promotion Initiatives
(A) Provision of Infrastructure:
Creation of state-of-the art “Plug & Play”
and “Walk-to-Work” kind of office
environment, suiting to the requirements of
the IT sector, through development of
physical infrastructure, is the need of the
hour. For this purpose, the following
initiatives are being taken up:
(i) Promotion of IT SEZs:
Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Policy is
promoted by Govt of India, Ministry of
Commerce, vide SEZ Act, 2005. SEZ is a
specifically delineated enclave treated as
foreign territory for the purpose of industrial,
service and trade operations, with relaxation
in customs duties and a more liberal regime
in respect of other levies, foreign investments
and other transactions. SEZ can be set up in
an area of 10 hectares or 25 acres with a
minimum built up processing area of 1 lakh
square meters and at least 50% of area shall
be earmarked for developing processing area.
59 IT/ITES SEZs, highest in any state in the
country, got approvals of GOI and coming
up in the State of Andhra Pradesh. Out of 59
IT/ITES SEZs in AP, 39 have been notified.
As on 2008-09, 12 notified IT/ITES SEZs
with 22 units are functioning and operational
in the State with an investment of Rs.3739.29
crores, creating an employment for 15,029 IT
professionals.
(ii) IT Parks:
IT parks are promoted in an area of 2000 sq
mts onwards, with 60% of the net
developable/usable area for IT office space
for IT activities subject to certain terms and
conditions stipulated in the ICT policy. As of
now, 26 IT infrastructure facilities/areas,
being developed by private developers/
infrastructure providers, have been accorded
Notified IT Park Status.
(iii)Proposal for Setting up of Information
Technology Investment Regions (ITIR):
Basing on the recommendations of the high
level group on services sector of Planning
Commission, to promote investment in the
Information Technology (IT), Information
Technology Enabled Services (ITES) and
Electronic Hardware Manufacturing (EHM)
units, Government of India, in May 2008, has
announced Policy Resolution for setting up
of Information Technology Investment
Regions (ITIR) in various parts of the
country and solicited proposals from the
State Governments, in this regard.
ITIR is a specifically delineated investment
region with a minimum area of 40 sq.kms
(10,000 acres) planned for establishment of
IT, ITES and Electronic Hardware
manufacturing units/facilities along with
associated services and infrastructure. ITIR
aims to attract major investment through
provision of state of the art infrastructure and
a transparent and investment friendly policy
to investors, thereby augmenting exports and
generation of employment.
Government of India extends certain benefits
to ITIR including Viability Gap Funding
(VGF) for making available the external
physical infrastructure linkages to the ITIR
including roads, airports, telecom and rail in
a time bound manner. It is proposed that the
infrastructure will be created / upgraded
through Public Private Partnership mode to
the extent possible. Central Government will
provide the necessary VGF through existing
scheme and where ever necessary, requisite
budgetary provisions for these linkages
through the public sector will also be made.
In order to promote the ITIR in the State and
to prepare feasibility study for submission of
necessary proposals to Government of India,
101
through tendering process, M/s. Price Water
House Coopers Pvt. Ltd has been identified
as consultant for conducting the techno
economic feasibility study.
After studying various locations in the State
and analyzing the strengths and weaknesses
thereon, PWC has furnished draft delineation
proposal for setting up of an ITIR in an area
of 187 sq.kms broadly covering the areas of
(i) Madhapur, Gachibowli and other areas in
erstwhile Cyberabad Development Authority
(CDA) (ii) Mamidipalli, Raviryal, Kancha
Imarat, Tukkuguda and Maheshwaram in the
erstwhile Hyderabad Airport Development
Authority (HADA) and (iii) Uppal and
Pocharam alongwith (iv) the periphery of a
part of Outer Ring Road in Greater
Hyderabad Metropolitan Development
Authority(HMDA) area. The proposed ITIR
delineation include the existing clusters of IT
layouts, IT SEZs, IT Parks, IT projects and
Campuses of IT Companies, Hardware Park,
Electronic SEZ, etc. Soon after the proposal
is firmed up, the final project report on ITIR
along with necessary documentation shall be
furnished to Government of India for their
approval.
(B)Revision of ICT Policy:
Efforts are being taken to bring out the
revised ICT Policy.
Gaming and Animation Park (GAP):
In order to provide thrust to the sunrise area
i.e., gaming and animation in IT enabled
services, the State Government is embarked
upon providing necessary initiative for
promotion of Gaming and Animation activity
in the state and to attract the reputed Gaming
and Animation companies as well as training
academies to come to the State of Andhra
Pradesh and locate their operations. A
detailed proposal is being prepared in
association with National Association of
Software & Service Companies
(NASSCOM) in this regard.
Promotion and percolation of IT to Tier-II
and Tier-III locations in the State:
The human talent comes basically from rich
hinterland of AP, i.e. Rural areas and from
the families of farmers. It is estimated that
significant percentage of the working
population in BPO industry comes from rural
areas. Percolation and promotion of the
growth of IT to the other regions in the State
is therefore essential. As such, other cities in
the State like Warangal, Visakhapatnam,
Kakinada, Vijayawada, Kadapa, Kurnool and
Tirupati have been identified and are being
promoted as IT Hubs in the State.
Visakhapatnam has already taken off and the
rest will be transformed into IT Hubs in the
near future.
Government is promoting IT/ITES product-
specific SEZs in Kadapa, Kakinada,
Warangal, Karimnagar, Vijayawada and
Tirupati.
Human Resource Development – Jawahar
Knowledge Centres (JKCs).
Jawahar Knowledge Centers (JKC) – is a
unique Human Resource promotion initiative
of the government. It started in 2004 and is
first of its kind in the Country. JKC program
is being run by the Institute for Electronic
Governance (IEG), a Society under IT&C
Department in close coordination and
association with IT Industry and
Government.
Salient Features of JKCs:
JKC aims to improve the quality of education
through imparting suitable skills and enable
potential gainful employment to the
engineering/MCA graduates.
JKCs are established in reputed engineering /
MCA colleges across the State to increase the
standards of higher education. Every
institution that is registered for JKC should
assist IEG in imparting employable skills to
the JKC registered students of their
institution, provide necessary facilities for
organizing the workshops for their faculty
members as well as students.
In JKCs, the students are trained in various
technical skills, soft skills, project
management skills and communication skills
by JKC faculty members and IEG – IT
Associates in parallel to their academics for a
period of 2- 3 years. JKCs thus provides the
best human resource trained in the relevant
skills required by the Industry. It bridges the
gap between the student curriculum
knowledge and Industry desired skills. JKC
students who are selected for various
102
companies through campus recruitments
would attend 4 month training in their last
semester and work on some real time
projects. They gain the practical experience
facing real life scenarios like teamwork, time
management, effective way of developing
software applications, etc. JKC, therefore,
provides an opportunity to the students
learning beyond the curriculum and the text
book theories through the mode of “Learning
by doing”, along with ‘Learning by
listening”.
So far, 490 Engineering / MCA colleges and
356 Degree colleges have been registered
under JKC since 2004 and 2,01,320 students
have been trained since the JKC inception.
Project for Government departments:
IEG is developing software applications for
various Government departments such as
Agriculture, Labour and Employment
Department, APSHCL, APSTC, APUSB, AP
Housing (The MIS application for phase II of
‘Indiramma’ program) etc. The development
of this MIS package is completed and it is
being implemented in the state.
Test of English as a Foreign Language was
conducted for 260 batches, with 36-38
students per batch in 9 centers across the
state.
AP Broad Band Network
With a view to connect all government
offices across the state, Government have
entered into agreement with consortium led
by M/s. Aksh Broad Band Ltd., selected
through bid process to provide Broad Band
Services to 40,000 offices spread over the
state. This will enable all the government
departments to deliver convenient citizen
services through e-Seva centers. Rajiv
Kiosks and web basis services special
purpose vehicle is formed and 7 district head
quarters are equipped. The implementation
was stopped due to disputes among the
consortium partners. The matter is pending
in the court and company law board.
Alternatively, Government is creating new
G-G SWAN connecting the State Capital to
all District Head quarters (DHQs) with 8
Mbps bandwidth connecting all DHQs to
State Head Quarters and extends beyond
DHQs up to MHQs with 2 Mbps. The new
Network will be completely IP based and
provide Voice, Data and Video
Communications to all Government Offices.
M/s. TCIL has been selected as Consultant
for the project. The tender process is
completed and M/s. TCS has been identified
as service provider and implementation is
under progress.
APNET/SAPNET
Government of Andhra Pradesh as a part of
its objective to harness the potential of IT has
established a Satellite based communications
Network to be utilized in the areas of District
Education, Tele Medicine, Agriculture
Extension, E-Governance, Awareness
amongst self help groups and Human
Resource Development.
An earth station is functioning since 2002,
utilizing the INSAT-III B Satellite using Ku
Band. SAPNET, an autonomous society is
running the operations. The Earth Station
has capability of 5 Video Channels and one
data channel. A State-of-art digital studio is
functional and utilization of live interactive
channel has increased. All MPDOs are
equipped with Mana TV; receive only
terminals and more than 10,000 remotes are
deployed as of now.
Present Status: All the 5 channels are used
for transmission and their details are as
below:
Channel 1: Shared by School, Collegiate,
Technical and Medical Education.
Channel 2: For live Interactive teaching of
School, Collegiate, Technical and
Medical Education. In addition,
the channel is used by the
Agriculture Department, Indira
Kranthipatham and Police etc., for
their interactive Video
Conference.
Channel 3: Dedicated to HRD and Social
Sector programs.
Channel 4: For Schools, Programs.
Channel 5: JKCs through IEG.
State Data Center
GoAP is planning to build a State Data
Center (SDC) in nearly 8,900 s.ft. to cater the
needs of all the State Government
departments initially providing rack space,
and later to provide dedicated servers and
103
finally a Managed Data Center Services to
include the Application Management.
The construction of the building for the SDC
has been completed at Manikonda in the
premises of APIIC Financial District. DIT
has allocated the Consultant (M/s
PricewaterhouseCoopers) for this Project.
DPR has been submitted to DIT in
consultation with the consultant, based on
which the allocations (Rs.55.75 crores both
for Opex and Capex) have been made to the
State and an amount of Rs.4.19 crores has
already been transferred by DIT. The revised
RFP as per the directions of DIT for SDC has
been approved and has been issued. The bids
(Pre-Qualification, Technical and Financial)
have been submitted by the bidders and the
evaluations are in progress.
e-Seva
Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken
several initiatives in the arena of e-
Governance with a view to take the benefit of
Information technology to the common man.
eSeva is one of the e-Governance initiatives,
offers a wide spectrum of citizen-friendly
services to save citizen to run around the
various departments. It provides a one stop
venue for services of various State and
Central Government Departments in an
efficient, reliable, transparent and integrated
manner on a sustained basis through a chain
of computerized Integrated Citizen Service
Centres (ICSCs) and though internet i.e.
www.esevaonline.com.
eSeva a new paradigm in Citizen Services,
provides online transaction processing of
payments, issue of certificates, permits and
licenses and many other services. It covers
various departments like AP Transco, BSNL,
HMWS&SB, GHMC Commercial Taxes,
Transport, Revenue, Civil Supplies, AP
Housing, DDCF, Passport Service etc., and
certain Services of Private organization like
IDEA, Tata, Airtel, WUMT etc. of both State
Government and Central Government and
other private agencies.
Common Services Centre (CSC)
Common Service Center (CSC) scheme is a
Government of India initiative under
National eGovernance Plan (NeGP) under
the aegis of Department of Information
Technology, GOI. EDS is the Nodal
Agency for implementing and monitoring
this project in Andhra Pradesh.
The CSC Scheme involves setting up of
4,687 ICT enabled centers in rural areas
covering all the Districts/Mandals of the
State. The scheme is being implemented on a
Public Private Partnership (PPP) framework
with a vision of providing all Government
and other value added services to rural
citizens in an integrated manner at his
doorstep at an affordable cost. This Project
would take one full year for completion and
presently 3 Service Centre Agencies (SCAs)
which have undertaken the setting up of
CSCs, primarily based on Franchisee Model.
Other models are also being worked out by
the Department for faster roll-out of the
CSCs and for better sustainability. It is also
proposed to extend the connectivity of Urban
e-Seva centres to the CSCs for offering the
available services with them to the CSCs,
and the relevant solution is in the final stages
of testing.
CSCs are envisioned as the front-end
delivery points for Government, Private and
Social Sector services to rural citizens of
India. The idea is to develop a platform to
integrate their Social and Commercial goals
for the benefit of rural population in the
remotest corners of the country through a
combination of IT as well as Non-IT
Services.
APONLINE
APONLINE is an e-governance gateway for
the Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP)
offering multiple services through a single
window to citizens. It is a best-of-breed
portal, developed and launched by
Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP) in
partnership with TCS – Tata Consultancy
Services, as a Joint Venture. APONLINE is
accessible through multiple delivery
channels, at home and offices on anytime
anywhere basis to deliver citizen services.
The convergence of services viz., interactive
services, payment services through various
Delivery Channels/Kiosks is helping citizens
to make multiple utility bill payments at the
same counter through credit cards/debit
cards, cash, DD and cheques for payment.
104
Apart from the above, information pertaining
to 34 departments and 258 HODs,
Corporations and Agencies of Government of
Andhra Pradesh, is hosted on APOnline and
the information is updated on regular basis.
“1100” Toll-free Call Centre –
Government a Call away
Launched as Agriculture Call Centre in July
2003 and subsequently extended to include
services of all Govt. Departments from
February 2004. Operating with a Toll-free
number ‘1100’ within AP and functioning on
24 hours 365 days a year. Operating with 30
seats and a capacity to take 10,000 calls a
day. Services provided at the call centre
include expert advice on agriculture related
queries on Crop Production, Soil Science,
Agricultural Chemistry, Genetics and Plant
Breeding Crop Protection Entomology and
Plant Pathology. Horticulture Information on
Marketing prices, location wise Information
on Seeds, Pesticides, Fertilizers availability,
by Scientists from Dr.Acharya N.G Ranga
Agricultural University and officers from
Agriculture Department.
Services such as registration of grievances
related to INDIRAMMA Housing scheme
and Greater Hyderabad Municipal
Corporation (GHMC) are provided on charge
basis. Information calls pertaining to
verification of name in Electoral Rolls, issue
of voter ID cards, poll irregularities, election
code violation are also received at the call
centre and registered in Citizen to
Government Interface portal
(www.ap.gov.in/c2g). These calls are
registered and forwarded to the CEO and or
District Collectors and SPs as the case may
be. Call registration and call status details are
provided through SMS and email.
New Toll free Number for Drought related
calls
Based on the request of Revenue (Disaster
Management) Department, a new Toll free
No. 1800-425-1110 accessible to subscribers
of all telecom service providers, was taken at
Parishkaram call center. This number became
operational w.e.f. 31.08.2009 exclusively to
attend to grievance calls related to drought.
The Citizen-2-Government Interface
application was modified to register drought
related grievance calls also. Total calls
received by the Call Center since inception
are more than 26.52 lakh till October 2009.
Of these, 1.18 lakh calls pertain to citizen
grievances related to Agriculture, Municipal,
Health, Housing etc. Average calls received
in a month are more than 40000. The call
center handles 1300 calls per day on an
average which may go up to 20000 calls,
during announcement of examination results.
e-Procurement
eProcurement is one of the core eGovernance
initiatives. It automates the procurement and
purchase procedures of AP Govt. starting
from demand aggregation to procurement
and fulfillment of contract. The basic
objective of this project is to use the tools of
IT to introduce best practices in electronic
procurement across Govt. departments. The
prime objectives of eProcurement are
demand aggregation. Reduced inventory cost,
consistent procurement procedures across
departments, reduction in cost
procurement, transparency and effective
tendering processes.
A consortium led by M/s C1 India has been
chosen to partner with GoAP based on
competitive bidding. This project has
demonstrated substantial savings to Govt.,
Depts., by way of attracting competitive bids,
maintaining anonymity of bidders, decrease
in tender cycle time besides empowering the
contractors to file tenders remotely. In order
to strengthen security and authentication the
usage of Digital Certificate is made
mandatory from 1st March 2005 for
conducting transactions on the platform.
Implementation: The platform is
extensively used for procurement works by
Irrigation Department, Roads and Buildings,
Tribal Welfare Engineering Department,
Panchayat Raj Engineering Departments, AP
Police Housing Corporation, Public Health
Engineering Department, HMWS&SB.
Present Status: So far, 27 Departments, 41
PSU’s and Corporations, 15 Universities and
128 Urban local bodies are using the
eProcurement service and they have
successfully transacted 72,724 tenders with a
value aggregating to Rs.1,23,306 crores on
the platform since its launch.
Achievements: eProcurement has secured
demonstrable and significant benefits by way
of cost and time savings to the government,
brought transparency and empowered the
small and medium suppliers. The path
breaking initiative has proved that
transparency, fairness and equal opportunity
to private entrepreneurs who bid for Govt.
contracts, sell products or expertise to Govt.
agencies will not only result in healthy
competition, significant contribution to the
economy but also makes significant social
impact as a citizen assurance on transparent
utilization of public funds. As a matter of fact
the successful implementation of this
initiative by the state of Andhra Pradesh has
motivated the Govt. of India and several
other state Governments to embark on
eProcurement initiatives. It is actively sought
to be replicated in other states as well.
Some of the important benefits accrued are –
of
Significant cost savings in print media
advertisement cost due to abridged tender
notices; Elimination of supplier Cartels,
Syndicates due to remote bidding;
empowerment of small and medium bidders
as the entire content and bid submission is
online; significant reduction in tender process
time from 3 to 4 months to 35 days due to
automatic work flows and improved
Institutional memory due to storage of
electronic records etc.
Awards received to the project include –
• Golden Icon Award from GOI in the
Year 2003 for Exemplary
eGovernance Initiative; The PC Quest
Award for Best IT implementation in
India (2005);
• Finalists for the Prime Minister’s
Award (2006) for excellence in
Public Administration;
• NASSCOM’s Best IT user Award
(2006) and United Nations Public
Service Award (2007).
***
105
 8. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
8.1 Improving social infrastructure for the
sustainable and improved living stadards of
people, is one of the prime objectives of the
state. Besides, the development of economic
infrastructure for the improvement in the
living conditions of the people; more impetus
is necessitated on social sector parameters
like education, healthcare, nutrition,
watersupply, housing, social security etc. In
consonance with the commitment to ensure
faster social development and achieving an
inclusive pattern of growth, the Government
continued its focus on social infrastructure
towards meeting basic minimum
requirements of the people especially
towards higher levels of social justice in
society in accordance with the goals of the
Eleventh Five Year Plan.
Population
Andhra Pradesh is the fifth largest state in the
Country, in terms of population. The state
accounts for 7.2 per cent of the total
population in the country in the year 2001,
having declined from 8.3 per cent in 1961.
The population of Andhra Pradesh almost
quadrupled in the last century from 19.1
million in 1901 to 76.2 million in 2001. Out
of which, 38.5 millions are males and 37.7 are
females. The decadal growth of population
was, in fact, below 15 per cent until 1961; it
rose till 1991 and the growth rate 24.2 percent
during 1981-91 was the highest ever recorded.
Later, a dramatic decline, however, has been
observed in the rate of growth of population
which was only 14.6 percent during 1991-
2001 and, was lower compared to the All-
India rate, at 21.53 percent. Population-wise,
the State occupies 5th rank in the country after
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar and West
Bengal. Among the districts, East Godavari
continues to be the most populous, least being
Vizianagaram. Percentage decadal variation in
population (district-wise) is given as
Annexure 8.1. District-wise population and
sex ratio are given in Annexure 8.2.
Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the number of females
per 1,000 male population. The sex ratio in
the state has shown decreasing trend till 1991.
For the first time, the sex ratio has increased
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
marginally and it stood at 978 in 2001 as
against 972 in 1991. The sex ratio in the state
is higher than all India ratio of 933. The sex
ratio continues to show a favourable trend in
Nizamabad, Srikakulam and Vizianagaram
districts. District-wise sex ratio is given in
Annexure 8.2.
Density
Density of population is an important
indicator. The state accounts for 8.37 percent
of the country’s area and 7.41 percent of the
country’s population. The density of the state
is 277 persons/sq. km., as against 313
persons/sq. km. at all India level. Among the
districts, the density of Hyderabad continues
to be the highest with 19,149 persons per
square kilometer. Adilabad and Khammam
districts, which account for large forest area,
continue to have the lowest population
density. District-wise density of population is
given in Annexure 8.3.
Urbanization
The percentage of urban population to the
total population in the state is 27.30 percent in
2001 as compared to 26.89 percent in 1991.
Among all the districts, Hyderabad obviously
is the only district with maximum urban
population. The next most urbanized district is
Rangareddy with urban population of 54.20
percent. The least urbanized district is
Mahabubnagar with only 10.57% of urban
population. District-wise rural and urban
population with percentage of urban
population are given in Annexure 8.3. SC and
ST population is given in Annexure 8.4 and
8.5 respectively.
Literacy
A person aged 7 years and above who can
both read and write with understanding in
any language is considered as Literate. The
literacy rate of the state is 60.47 in 2001 as
against 44.08 in 1991. The literacy rate of the
state is lower than that of all India literacy
rate at 64.84. The best record in literacy so
far at both the national and state levels was
during the nineties. The literacy rate in India
increased from 52.2 to 65.4 per cent during
1991-2001. Whereas the decadal
106
 improvement at the national level had been of providing free and compulsory education
not more than 8 percentage points till 1991 to all the children from the age of 6 to 14
and the nineties witnessed an improvement of years.
13.8 percentage points. Literacy in Andhra To make more effective and meaningful
Pradesh increased over 16 percentage points implementation of this obligation,
during the 1990s from 44.1 per cent in 1991 elementary education is brought under
to 60.47 percent in 2001. In spite of this “Sarva Siksha Abhiyaan” (SSA) to
faster rate of growth, the literacy rate in universalize elementary education. Similarly,
Andhra Pradesh is still lower than the all- secondary education has been brought under
India average. While the literacy rate of the flagship of “Rashtriya Madhyamik
Andhra Pradesh was about three-fourths of Siksha Abhiyaan” (RMSA). These two
the all-India level in 1961, the state has made schemes are aimed at the strengthening of
substantial progress subsequently, especially school education in terms of access,
in the last two decades. While the overall enrolment, retention and quality.
literacy rate has gone up from 44.1 per cent
in 1991 to 60.47 percent in 2001, the male ACCESS: For achieving universal access in
literacy rate has increased from 55.1 to 70.32 school education, provision of schooling
per cent. What is encouraging is that the facilities is aimed at –
female literacy rate has gone up by more than • Elementary level should be within
54 percent, i.e. from 32.7 percent in 1991 to walkable distance of 1 km of all the
50.43 percent in 2001. Among the districts, habitations and
Hyderabad is at the top with 78.80 percent. • Secondary level should be within the
The least literate district is Mahabubnagar radius of 5 kms.
with 44.41 percent. District-wise literacy rate
is given in Annexure 8.6. In this regard, our state has achieved 99%
access at elementary level and 85.03% at
SCHOOL EDUCATION secondary level. Primary schools and
secondary schools have started in areas not
8.2 Education is key to sustainable development, served earlier.
peace and stability within and among During 2008-09, in the Elementary
countries, and an indispensable means for Education sector there were 65,609 Primary
effective participation in the economy of the Schools and 14,942 Upper Primary schools
21st Century, which is witnessing rapid and under Secondary Education there were
globalization. While traditionally 17,376 High Schools and 100 Higher
“Education” has meant children in schools, it Secondary schools. Management-wise
is equally important to address the learning Schools 2008-09 are shown in the Table 8.1.
needs of adults.
Education is a fundamental right, which leads Table 8. 1
Management-wise Schools 2008 – 09
for the road map to achieve the goal of Hr.
“Education for All”. Over the years Upper High
Management Primary Second Total
Primary Schools
concerted efforts have been put in at state and ary
national level to achieve this goal. As per Central
- 33 59 112
Govt. 20
Article 45 of the constitution of India
State Govt. 5,060 372 1,693 - 7,125
Universalisation of Elementary Education is
a directive principle of state policy to provide MPP/ZPP 50,309 8,590 8,155 - 67,054
free and compulsory education for the Municipal 1,633 164 306 - 2,103
children upto age of 14 years. As per the Pvt.Aided 2,212 433 841 - 3,486
article 21A and 93rd Constitutional Pvt.Unaided 6,375 5,383 6,348 41 18,147
Amendment in 2009, education has become a Total 65,609 14,942 17,376 100 98,027
fundamental right. This article clearly spells Source: School Education Department
out the responsibility of the state to the extent

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 107

Enrolment: schools as per the optimum teacher-pupil
Several innovative strategies and ratio to achieve the goal of universal
interventions are being made to improve enrolment, retention and achievement of
access to primary schools, which has resulted children.
in, increased enrolment. The strategies Keeping this in view, sustained efforts are
adopted for universalisation of elementary being made by government ever since
education involves strengthening of the formation of Andhra Pradesh to provide
existing schools, opening new primary teachers in all types of schools to maintain a
schools, establishment of alternative schools reasonable teacher-pupil ratio.
and other type of educational facilities in Rationalization of teachers, deployment of
smaller and unserved habitations. With these teachers, creation of new posts and massive
interventions and several other programmes recruitment of teachers helped in overcoming
enrolment has significantly increased in all imbalances in the demand and supply of
stages. teachers. During 2008-09, there were
There was an enrolment of 136.59 lakhs in 4,49,145 teachers in position in the state in
the state as on 30-09-2008 in all types of all types of schools in the state.
schools in the state, out of which 56.86 lakhs
were in Primary schools and 24.92 lakhs and During 2008-09, 1,83,197 teachers were
53.70 lakhs were in Upper Primary and High working in primary schools; 94,662 teachers
schools respectively. In Higher Secondary, were working in upper primary schools and
there was an enrolment of about 1.11 1,67,159 teachers were working in High
lakh.The enrolment figures revealed that schools. In higher secondary schools, 4,127
about 52.04% of the enrolled children are in teachers were in position.
Primary stage (I-V) where as 18.56% and Details of Teachers in schools are furnished
24.13% children enrolled are in upper in Table 8.2.
primary (VI-VII) and secondary stage (VIII- Table 8.2
X) respectively. Management-Wise Teachers in 2008-09
Dropouts: Upper Higher
Against the enrolment of school age group Primary High Second
Year Primary ary
children into the schools, the problem of Schools Schools
Schools Schools
retention is observed at various levels. Due to Central
various programmes implemented, the 186 - 581 1,898
Govt.
percentage of dropout is coming down over State
10,130 1,737 18,833 -
the years - the dropouts being 15.65% at Govt.
Classes I-V (Primary Level) during 2008-09, Mandal
1,11,696 41,856 69,649 -
while it was 43.63% during 1998-99. Parishad
Similarly, in classes VI-VII (Upper Primary Municipal 3,872 687 3,642 -
Level), the dropouts were 34.89% during
2008-09 while it was 62.63% during 1998- Pvt.Aided 6,702 2,554 8,190 -
99. At classes VIII-X (Secondary Level), the Pvt.
50,611 47,828 66,264 2,229
dropouts were 60.73% during 2008-09 while Unaided
it was 78.1% during 1998-99. The details of Total: 1,83,197 94,662 1,67,159 4,127
drop outs are given in Annexure 8.7. Source: School Education Department
Teachers: Teacher Pupil Ratio:
Teacher is the most important human A major element of approach in
resource factor in the school education strengthening education will be to improve
system, who acts as a facilitator for learning. current learning levels by lowering the
Teacher is instrumental in developing teacher pupil ratio. Government have already
knowledge, skills, attitudes and values committed itself to fill-up all the existing
among children at any stage of education. As teacher vacancies and sanction the additional
such, teachers should be in position in posts necessary to achieve teacher pupil ratio

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 108

of 1: 40. The Teacher Pupil Ratio (with subjects from SSC Examinations, March
Vidya Volunteers) for Primary, Upper 2010.
primary and High Schools are shown in • Government has issued orders for supply of
Table 8.3. Xerox copies of valued answer scripts in
First Language and Second Language
Table 8.3
Teacher Pupil Ratio subjects to the candidates on payment basis
from the SSC Public Examinations March,
Upper High
Year Primary 2010 on wards.
Primary School
2000-01 45 38 34
• A decision was taken to introduce Grading
System in SSC Public Examinations from
2001-02 41 39 34 March 2010 onwards.
2002-03 37 33 29
Mid-Day Meal Scheme
2003-04 35 31 31 Midday Meal Scheme is being implemented
2004-05 29 25 30 in the State from January 2003 to the
2005-06 28 25 30
children of classes I to VII and to the
children of classes VIII to X from October,
2006-07 29 24 29 2008.
2007-08 28 23 28 The main objectives of the program are to
2008-09 27 22 29 improve Nutritional status and to motivate
the children to attend the school regularly,
Source: School Education Department provide Nutritional Support to the children.
During 2009-10, 86.07 lakh children are
The details of number of Schools, Enrolment covered under this program. Out of which,
and Teachers are given in Annexure 8.8. 46.89 lakh are in Primary (I to V), 23.77 lakh
Examination Results: in Upper Primary (VI to VIII) and 14.21 lakh
In assessing the efficiency of educational children in High Schools (IX and X). Salient
system, performance of students at different features of the scheme are :
levels of education has been conventionally The menu is flexible. Mostly rice and
considered as an indicator of achievement. Sambar is being given. Pulihora is also being
The internal efficiency of education system given. Egg or banana is being given twice a
depends upon the number of pupils who week.
successfully complete a given cycle of DWCRA/CDS/SelfHelp Groups/SEC/Other
education. Completion of a given education agencies like temple, NGOs of proven track
cycle depends on the performance and record, charitable trusts/group of parents (in
achievement of the students in the this order of preference) are identified by the
examination of the terminal class in that MROs are the implementing agencies in
cycle. Hence, the number of students rural areas.
appearing and passing the VII class common In Urban areas, the implementing agencies
examination at the end of upper primary are, Community development societies
stage and S.S.C. Examination at the end of (CDS)/NGOs/Urban SHGs / DWCUA/SEC/
secondary stage (cycle) play a significant Other Agencies like Temples/NGOs of
role. The percentage pass of students in proven track record/ charitable trusts/Group
S.S.C examinations during 2008-09 is 78.83 of Parents (in this order of preference) are
which is higher than the previous year pass of identified by a committee headed by the
75.47%. Year wise performance in S.S.C MRO.
Examinations is furnished in Annexure 8.9. The MDM Programme is being implemented
through M/s Naandi Foundation in twin
Examination Reforms cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad 1.50
• This year, a decision was taken to lakhs children in 891 schools and 300
implement OMR Bar Coding system in all Schools in Visakhapatnam City and through

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 109

ISKCON in Tirupati Municipality covering
75 primary Schools, in Tadipatri 23 primary
Schools.
ICT @ 1300 Schools Computerization
Project
The computer education Programme is under
implementation in 5000 schools from 2008-
09. The Computer education Programme
Under Centrally Sponsored Scheme with
75% and 25% share of Central and State
Government is being implemented in 1300
high schools for five years from 2009-10
with an objective to provide computer
knowledge to the students of VI – X classes.
DSC-2008 Teachers Recruitment
The DSC-2008 Teacher recruitment test was
notified in the month of December, 2008 and
the posts of 11,674 School Assistants, 6,314
Language Pandits and 2,504 Physical
Education Teachers were filled up in the
month of October, 2009.
Vocationalization of Secondary Education
The Scheme of Vocational Education was
introduced in Andhra Pradesh during the year
1984-85 and 1985-86. The main objective of
the Scheme is to make the pupils learn but
also to equip them with latest skills required
for gainful employment. Vocational
Education is imparted in 297 High Schools of
Government, Zilla Parishad, Municipal and
Aided Managements in the State. 28 Mandal
Vocational Educational Centers are
functioning in the State. Vocational
Education is imparted to 34,800 children
studying in classes VIII, IX and X in High
Schools.
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
(RMSA)
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
(RMSA) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme
with an objective to achieve a General
Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 75% in Classes
IX and X within 5 years. 10,187 High
Schools (8,155 Zilla Parishad, 306
Municipal, 1,726 Government) with
32,49,900 Children are being covered under
the Scheme.
A Society was registered under AP Societies
Act, 2001 called “Andhra Pradesh Secondary
Education Society” in October,2009 at
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Hyderabad to implement the RMSA and
related Schemes.
Physical Targets of the Scheme
• To improve enrolment ratio for IX and X
classes from 65% to 100%
• Strengthening of existing secondary
schools.
• Appointment of additional teachers.
• Construction of additional classrooms.
Government of India will bear 75% Project
Expenditure as Central Share and 25% will
be met by the State Government as State
Share during 11th Five Year Plan (2007-08 to
2011-12)
Civil Works:
To improve the quality of Secondary
education, the department has taken up
several initiatives. One of them is improving
the existing infrastructure and Creating new
infrastructure facilities in all High Schools
under Government sector.
Government have accorded sanctions for
improving the infrastructure facilities in High
Schools / Institutional buildings under the
following ongoing schemes.
1.Construction of additional infrastructure
facilities in 1,176 High School with an
estimated cost of Rs. 302.99 crores under
RIDF-XI, NABARD
2.Repairs to High School buildings with an
estimated cost of Rs.90.00 crores under XII
Finance Commission
3.Construction of additional infrastructure
facilities in 135 High School with an
estimated cost of Rs.120.27 crores under
RIDF-XI, NABARD.
Community Participation: (School
Management Committee)
For the first time in the country, Government
of Andhra Pradesh have enacted
“Community Participation Act 1998”
involving the community in school
management. Resources are transferred to
School Committees empowering them to
plan, manage and promote quality education.
In terms of 73rd and 74th Constitutional
Amendments, the Sarpanches/Ward
110
Councilors have been made the Chairpersons
of the School Management Committees.
District Institute of Education and
Training (DIET):
Government has upgraded 23 Teacher
Training Institutes into District Institute of
Education and Training (DIET) in phased
manner. In 13 DIETs, Urdu medium parallel
sections are functioning and 65 lecturer posts
have been sanctioned. The Tamil Medium
parallel section with intake of 50 is
functioning at DIET, Chittoor at
Karvetinagar.
Education for Minorities:
The Government of Andhra Pradesh is
committed to the advancement and
upliftment of Minorities in the State. With a
view to promoting Urdu Language in the
State, 300 Urdu teacher Posts have been
created additionally in 1997-98 and
continued. Further, three more schemes are
under implementation for the welfare of
Muslim Minorities as detailed below.
Area Intensive Programme for
Educationally Backward Minorities:
A programme of action under National
Education Policy suggested area approach for
upliftment of educationally backward
minorities and accordingly formulated a
100% Centrally Sponsored scheme of Area
Intensive Programme to be implemented in 9
blocks, identified by Government of India as
concentrated areas of educationally backward
minorities. The identified blocks are
Musheerabad (Hyderabad), Zaheerabad
(Medak), Bodhan (Nizamabad), Kurnool,
Atmakur, Nandyal (Kurnool), Kadiri
(Anantapur), Kadapa and Rayachoty
(Kadapa) in the state.
Under the Scheme funds were released to
Provide infrastructure facilities like
construction of additional class rooms,
drinking water, toilets, electricity, computers
and teaching learning material during 10th
plan period.
An amount of Rs, 3878.25 lakhs has been
released by the Government to the above
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
District and Andhra Pradesh Residential
Educational Institutions Society (APREIS) .
Modernisation of Madarasa Education:
The scheme of Modernisation of Madarasa
education is implemented in State with 100
per cent central assistance with an objective
to encourage traditional institutions like
Madarasas and Makhtabs to introduce
modern subjects of Science, Mathematics,
Social Studies and English in their
curriculum. Financial assistance is provided
towards salaries of teachers teaching modern
subjects in urdu in these centers @ Rs.
3000/- per month per teacher (i.e., Rs. 36,000
per annum per teacher) restricted to two
teachers in the centers.
Voluntary Organisations/ Societies/Trusts
which are registered under Central/State
/Government and Act of Wakf Boards and
which are in existence for the past three years
are eligible to apply for assistance under the
scheme.
Improvement of Urdu Education –
Appointment of Urdu Teachers:
The Objective of the scheme is to provide
financial support to the State/Union
Territories/ Governments for appointing
Urdu Teachers/Honorarium to existing
teachers for teaching Urdu to the students
with a view to promote Urdu in the
State/Union Territories wherever necessary.
The Central Assistance (100% CSS) on
approved pattern shall be admissible to the
State Government for appointment of Urdu
teachers on new posts and giving honorarium
to the existing Urdu Teachers for teaching
Urdu in Schools.
The Scheme is being implemented in 9 areas/
blocks identified by the Government of India
as Educationally Backward Minorities
concentrated areas viz.., Kurnool, Nandyal,
Atmakur in Kurnool District, Kadapa,
Rayachoti in Kadapa District, Kadiri in
Anantapur District, Musheerabad in
Hyderabad District, Bodhan in Nizamabad
District and Zaheerabad in Medak District.
Rajiv Vidya Mission
Rajiv Vidya Mission, Andhra Pradesh is
implementing three schemes viz. Sarva
Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), National
Programme for Education of Girls at
111
Elementary Level (NPEGEL) and Kasturba
Gandhi Baalika Vidyalayas (KGBVs) in the
State for Universalisation of Elementary
Education. The achievements are detailed
below:
A. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has been introduced
during 2001-02, with an aim to provide
useful and relevant Elementary Education for
all children in the 6 to 14 age group.
Besides, the SSA intends to bridge social,
regional and gender gaps, with the active
participation of the community in the
management of schools. SSA has now been
renamed as ‘Rajiv Vidya Mission’.
Pattern of Funding:
75:25 between GOI and State Govt. upto
2006-2007, 65:35 between GOI and State
Govt. in 2007-08 and 2008-09 and 60:40
between GOI and State Govt. in 2009-10.
Coverage: 2001-02 in East Godavari, West
Godavari, Krishna and Hyderabad and from
2002-03 onwards in all 23 districts in the
State.
Objectives:
• All children in school, Education
Guarantee Centre, Alternative School,
Back-to-School camp.
• All children complete eight years of
elementary schooling.
• Focus on elementary education of
satisfactory quality with emphasis on
education for life.
• Bridge all gender and social category
gaps at elementary education level
• Universal retention.
2) Interventions:
1. Opening of Primary Schools
2. Upgradation of Primary schools into
Upper Primary Schools
3. Upgradation of EGS/ALS to Primary
Schools
4. Regular Teachers to New Schools –
Primary and Upper Primary Schools
5. Additional Teachers to existing Primary
and Upper Primary Schools
6. Civil Works – Construction of School
Buildings, Addl. Classrooms, MRC
Buildings, Rooms for School Complexes,
provision of Compound wall, Toilets,
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Electrification and drinking water
facilities.
7. Strengthening of Mandal Resource
Centres and Teacher Centres
8. Maintenance grant to Schools with own
buildings.
9. Grant to Schools and Teacher Grants
10. Teaching Learning Equipment to New
Primary and Upper Primary Schools
11. Training to Teachers
12. Innovations – Girls Education, Early
Childhood Education, Education of SCs,
STs, Minority, Urban deprived Children
and Computer Education for U P
Schools.
13. Research, Evaluation, Supervision and
Monitoring.
14. Support to Children with Special Needs.
15. Training of Community Leaders
16. Interventions for Out of School Children
B. National Programme for Education of
Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL)
Government of India launched a new
programme called National Programme for
Education of Girls at Elementary Level
(NPEGEL) in 2003 as an amendment to the
scheme of Sarva Siksha Abhiyan for
providing additional components for the
education of girls at elementary level.
Objectives:
• To develop and promote facilities to
provide access and to facilitate retention
of girls and to ensure greater
participation of women and girls in the
field of education.
• To improve the quality of education
through various interventions and to
stress upon the relevance and quality of
girls education for their empowerment.
Coverage: 661 Educationally Backward
mandals in 23 districts where female literacy
rate is less than 46.13 of national average
and gender gap is more than 21.59 as per
2001 census selected for implementation of
the programme. Notified urban slums are
also eligible for NPEGEL programme
implementation.
NPEGEL programme is being implemented on
Model Cluster School approach in a
decentralized manner.
112
Model Cluster School (MCS):
A Model Cluster School is a model girl-child
friendly High school or Upper Primary
school at cluster level identified in all the
Educationally Backward Mandals. In all the
661 Educationally Backward Mandals, 5765
MCSs were identified. Each cluster is having
about 5-10 habitations and on an average
each block consists of 8-10 clusters. This
girl-child friendly infrastructure is used by all
the schools in that cluster, on rotation.
Major interventions under the program:
A non - recurring grant worth Rs.30,000/- is
provided to every Model Cluster School for
purchasing Library Books, Vocational
Equipments and Games and Sports material.
A recurring grant Rs.60,000/- per annum will
be available to each cluster to implement
additional interventions for promotion of
girls education viz.,Remedial and supportive
material for slow learners, Bridge Camps,
Honorarium to part time volunteers, ECCE
centres, Training to teachers on gender
sensitization etc.
C. Kasturba Gandhi Baalika Vidyalaya
(KGBV)
Government of India launched a new scheme
during 2004-05 called “Kasturbha Gandhi
Balika Vidyalayas (KGBV)” with boarding
facilities at elementary level for girls
belonging predominantly to SC, ST, BC and
Minorities in Educationally Backward
Blocks in the state.
Objectives:
• To ensure access and quality education to
the girls of disadvantaged groups of
society by setting up Residential Schools
with boarding facilities at Elementary
level.
• To provide quality education for dropped
out girls in low female literacy mandals
by mainstreaming from Residential
Bridge Course Centers.
KGBVs are being run by different
Residential Educational Institutions Societies
such as Andhra Pradesh Residential
Educational Institutions Society (APREIS),
Andhra Pradesh Social Welfare Residential
Educational Institutions Society
(APSWREIS), Andhra Pradesh Tribal
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Welfare Residential Educational Institutions
Society (APTWREIS) and Disabled Welfare
Department.
Achievements
Access and coverage of out of School
Children
I. Access
To provide access to school less habitations,
2,799 Education Guarantee Centers (EGS)
were opened during the academic year 2009-
10 covering 60,838 children.
II. Coverage of out of school children
As against the target of 1,71,414 out of
school children, 1,07,839 covered through
the different strategies.
Badi-Bata 2009-10
Badi Bata (Enrolment Drive) was conducted
in all the habitations in the state from 12th to
27th June 2009. During the campaign
• 12,02,934 children who have completed
5 years were enrolled into 1st class.
• 58,530 out of school children and recent
drop outs in the age group of 5-8 years
were enrolled into regular schools
directly.
• 12,35,910 children of 5th class and
11,25,833 children of 7th class were
transited into 6th and 8th classes
respectively.
• Samuhika Aksharabhyasam was
conducted for the new entrants on 12th
June, 2009.
III. Support to Madarsas
966 Madarsas have been supported and
85,220 children are covered (Cumulative).
2,176 Vidya Volunteers are sanctioned.
Training was provided to all Vidya
Volunteers, Text books provided to all
children from state funds. Mid day meal
extended to all Madarsas on par with regular
schools.
IV. Inclusive Education
The following activities were taken up under
this intervention:
• 57 special Residential Bridge Course
camps (RBCs) and 30 NRBCs are being
run covering 3,106 out of school children
with special needs.
113
• 3,568 children were mainstreamed in
2008-09 from Home Based Education
and special RBCs.
• During the academic year 2009-10, 822
Resource Teachers (Special Educators)
have been engaged to provide Home
Based Education to 12,330 children
belonging to severe and profound
category.
• Aids and appliances were provided to
10,231 children.
• Barrier free access was provided to
31,559 schools by constructing ramps
with rail.
• Corrective surgeries were done to 92
children who had minor problems in
2009-10.
• World Disabled Day is being organized
every year in all mandals covering 78,357
schools across the state. During the
celebrations, Gramsarpanches, MPTCs,
ZPTCs, MLAs, MPs and other public
representatives were participated.
V. Civil works
As against the target of 19,107 works, 8,458
works have been completed and the
remaining 10,649 are in progress.
VI. Teacher Training and Quality
(A) Teacher Training:In service training
was provided to 1,88,746 teachers during
2009-10 as against the target of 3,09,692.
(B) Quality Initiatives:Programmes being
implemented during 2009-10
Following are the programmes being
implemented in the state in primary
education under SSA. Several concerted
efforts have been made to improve the
quality of primary education in the state.
Reforms have been planned and implemented
to improve classroom processes, professional
support to teachers, improving children
performance etc. Following are the important
reforms proposed and being implemented in
primary education under SSA in the State.
1. Learning Enhancement Programme
(LEP): A comprehensive quality programme
is being implemented to address quality in a
holistic and sustainable way viz., Learning
Enhancement Programme (LEP). The focus
is to address children achievement of basic
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
competencies in all subject areas from Class
I to V, meaningful engagement of children in
learning processes and appropriate
professional support to the teachers for
improved classroom processes. Following
are the major components of LEP:
i. Achievement of Class specific, subject
specific essential learning
competencies.
i. Improved Teaching Learning Process –
100% utilization of learning time and
engagement of children – Time-on-
task.
ii. Improved Assessment Procedures
which are competency specific – Oral,
Written and Performance.
iii. Performance Indicators – Teacher,
Head Master, MEO and other
functionaries at System Level making
them accountable with role clarity.
iv. Improved participation of parents in
school matters.
Necessary material, modules have been
developed on the LEP as above and adequate
training was provided to all the teachers and
field functionaries to implement the
programme.
Under LEP, grade specific and subject
specific competencies have been identified
and is being followed for providing
competency specific learning process and
undertaking competency based pupil
assessment procedures. The children
performance is being graded.
2. Grading of Schools based on Children’s
performance: Schools are being graded into
A, B, C, D based on children performance.
This is being implemented under CLIP /
CLAPS and also now in LEP. If 80% of
children are able to perform the
competencies of literacy and numeracy the
school is graded as ‘A’ The schools grades
are being displayed in all schools for public
reference.
3. Star Grading of schools based on School
Functional Aspects (25 Performance
Indicators): Schools are also graded based
on school functional aspects against 25
Performance Indicators. The schools are
graded from no star to 3 star.
114
4. Implementation of Mother Tongue
based Multi Lingual Education in Eight
Tribal Languages: Mother tongue based
multi lingual education is being implemented
in eight tribal languages viz., Savara, Kuvi,
Adivasi Oriya, Gond, Kolami, Koya and
Konda. Multi Lingual Education is a
programme providing primary education in
mother tongue of the tribal children and
gradually moving to languages of wider
communication i.e., regional language
Telugu. Curriculum is based on local culture
using local knowledge, customs and
resources to make primary education more
contextual and meaningful to the children.
Curriculum reflects child’s context,
environment and culture. As a part of the
programme, tribal dictionaries have been
developed in eight tribal languages. The
programme is being implemented since 2004
– 05 onwards on pilot basis and upscaled into
monolingual schools during 2009 – 10.
5. Development of Children Literature
and Strengthening of School Libraries:
Development of Children Literature and
strengthening of school libraries is one of the
quality initiatives under SSA. This initiative
is to develop reading habits among all
children and make them independent readers.
Habit of reading is the foundation for lifelong
learning.
6. Community and Parent Participation in
school matters through Academic
Monitoring Committees: Considerable
progress has been made in achieving
universal enrolment and retention with the
active participation of community. The focus
has therefore been, now shifted to
achievement of “Quality” with community
participation. For this purpose, Academic
Monitoring Committees (AMCs) have been
constituted in all the schools. AMCs consist
of parents of best performing and least
performing children @ 2 per class. Sufficient
representation is given to the focus groups
i.e., SC, ST, OBC and Minorities. The
Sarpanch of the Gram Panchayat is the
Chairperson and the Head Master of the
concerned school is the Member Convenor.
AMCs meet every month to review and
discuss issues of “Quality”, Infrastructure,
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
basic amenities etc., with teachers and Other
stakeholders. Demonstration of children
performance to the AMC members i.e.,
Reading, Writing, Arithmetic etc. Discussion
on utilization of various grants released to
schools and support to School Infrastructure,
monitoring the quality of mid-day meal and
children, teachers attendance etc are the other
activities.
7. Computer Aided Learning(CAL):
Computers were provided to 576 Upper
Primary Schools @ 5 per school during 2008
– 09. So far, 3,063 schools covered under
CAL Programme including the schools
provided with computers under SSA,
MPLADs, School Education etc., covering
about four lakh children. 12 C.Ds consisting
64 titles replicated and provided to CAL
schools.
8. Distance Education – Trainings and
Capacity building through
Teleconferences:
3-days of teleconferencing per month is
being organised in different interventions.
About 2.5 lakh Teachers, Field Functionaries
are participating. Teleconference receiving
facility is being provided in school
complexes and MRCs. Trainings and
capacity building programmes for teachers
and field functionaries are being organized
by the State Level Resource Groups. The
training strategies are – panel discussions,
interviews, showing video films and
discussions, question hour to clarify the
doubts raised by the participants.
VII. Girls Education
• 1693 ECE centers were opened with an
enrolment of 32066 children to make
them ready for primary education.
• National Programme for Education of
Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL)
programme is being implemented in all
the 5,765 model clusters identified in 661
Educational Backward mandals.
• Various vocational training programmes
such as preparation of sanitary napkins,
embroidery works, preparation of
candles, toys etc., were organized under
NPEGEL.
115
 • Remedial teaching programme was The details of district wise and category wise
organized to slow learners among girls by junior colleges functioning are given in
providing Vidya Volunteer and remedial Annexure 8.10.
material. The status of Junior colleges functioning
• 394 Kasturba Gandhi Baalika Vidyalayas under various managements is shown in
(KGBVs) were operationalized with an Table 8.4.
enrolment of 40,231 girl children.
*** Table 8.4
INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION Category and Number of Junior Colleges
8.3 In 1964, an important policy decision was Category Number
taken to the effect that the structure of the
Secondary School system should be of 10 Government Junior Colleges 804
years duration instead of 11 years, and that it Private Aided Junior Colleges 205
should be followed by two years Intermediate
collegiate Education in place of the existing Private Aided Composite Degree
Colleges offering Intermediate 70
Higher Secondary and Multipurpose system. Courses.
The Plus two stage Education was introduced
Private Un-Aided Junior Colleges 2,483
in Andhra Pradesh under 10+2+3 pattern
Exclusive Vocational Junior
from 1969-70. The Directorate of Higher Colleges (Pvt.)
479
Education has been bifurcated into two Exclusive Vocational Junior
12
Directorates i.e., Director of Intermediate Colleges (Govt.)
Education and Directorate of Collegiate Incentive Junior Colleges 176
Education with effect from 1-11-1989. Others (APRJC, GOI, Social
382
Directorate, Intermediate Education was Welfare, etc)
established with the main objective of Total 4,611
administrating the Intermediate colleges, Source: - Intermediate Education
particularly public funded institutions.
There are 804 Government Junior Colleges Enrolment of Students
and 12 Government Vocational Junior The enrolment of students (as per fee paid to
colleges under the administrative control of B.I.E.) both in conventional and vocational
the Director of Intermediate Education. The courses for last five years are shown in Table
functioning of 205 Private Aided Junior 8.5.
Colleges with regard to the utilization of the
Grant-in-aid, service conditions and Table 8.5
Enrolment in Junior Colleges
academic matters is also looked after by (Lakh students)
Director of Intermediate Education. Conventional Vocationa Total
Year
Four Regional Joint Directors of Intermediate Courses l Courses
Education offices at regional level located at, 2005-06 6.26 0.30 6.56
Rajahmundry, Guntur, Kadapa and Warangal 2006-07 6.56 0.42 6.98
2007-08 7.04 0.47 7.51
and 18 District Vocational Education officers
2008-09 7.48 0.57 8.05
at district level started functioning from the 2009-10 7.84 0.68 8.52
year 1999-2000. Source: - Intermediate Education
Conventional courses in Science, Arts,
Commerce and Vocational Courses are Results of Intermediate Public Examination
offered at the Intermediate stage of March 2009:
Education,. 34 Vocational courses are also a. General Courses:
offered in 1244 Junior colleges in the field of 8,40,010 candidates appeared for 2nd year
Engineering and Technology, Agriculture, I.P.E March 2009 for General Courses out of
Home Science, Para-medical, Business and which 6,60,341 candidates are regular
Commerce and Humanities. candidates and 1,79,669 are Private

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 116

Candidates. Out of the regular candidates
3,97,170 have passed. Of these, 1,71,973
have passed in ‘A’ Grade, 1,40,610 in ‘B’
Grade, 66,053 in ‘C’ Grade and 18,730 have
passed in ‘D’ Grade. The overall pass
percentage is 60.15%. Girls’ performance at
62% is better than that of boys at 58%.
Out of 1,79,669 Private candidates, 44,132
candidates have passed (24.56%).
b. Vocational Courses:
51,443 candidates appeared for 2nd year I.P.E
March 2009 for Vocational Courses. Out of
which 42,523 candidates are regular
candidates and 8,920 are private candidates.
Out of the regular candidates, 24,664 have
passed. Of these 7,035 have passed in ‘A’
Grade, 15,669 in ‘B’ Grade, 1,889 in ‘C’
Grade and 71 have passed in ‘D’ Grade. The
overall pass percentage is 58%. Girls’
performance at 64% is better than that of
boys at 53%.
Out of 8,920 Private candidates, 2,661
candidates have passed (30%).
Abolition of Shift System in Government
Junior Colleges:
Earlier, 269 Government Junior Colleges
were functioning under shift system.
Significant reform measures have been
introduced in public funded institutions in
Intermediate Education in the last three
years. With the concerted efforts made
during the last two years, many Government
Junior Colleges have been brought back to
General / Regular working hours of 9.45 AM
to 4.30 PM (i.e. 2 sessions) dispensing with
the unhealthy practice of shift system.
Funds have been provided in phased manner
for construction of permanent buildings for
Government Junior Colleges, which possess
own land. This is aimed to over-come the
scarcity of accommodation and enable all the
Government Junior Colleges to function in
the general/regular timings of 9.45 AM to
4.30 PM. The removal of undesirable shift
system is most effective in promoting the
academic progress / advancement of the
students. There is a facility / convenience of
utilizing the lunch break of 55 minutes in
between as study hours depending upon the
interest of the students and staff. The same
would facilitate the students and staff to
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
become refreshed and to concentrate on their
studies in the evening/second session,
bestowing required concentration.
Presently, 131 Government Junior Colleges
were functioning in Shift System along with
Degree Colleges/ Polytechnics/ Schools.
The 51 new Government Junior Colleges
and 12 New Government Vocational Junior
Colleges sanctioned during 2008-09 and 39
newly sanctioned Government Junior
Colleges during 2009-10 are also running in
Shift System. Steps are to be taken to
remove the shift system and to function in
General timings in those colleges by
providing suitable accommodation.
Redeployment of Surplus Staff:
From the last four years many Aided Junior
Lecturers who are working without sufficient
workload in Private Aided Junior Colleges
have been identified. The surplus Junior
Lecturers in private Aided Junior Colleges
are being redeployed to needy Government
Junior Colleges or adjusted in other Aided
Junior Colleges to meet the requirement of
classroom teaching and to reduce the burden
on Government by way of Contract Faculty.
Appointment of Contract Faculty
About 7,294 Junior Lecturers have been
engaged on contract basis in Government
Junior Colleges in the state during the
academic year 2009-10. Steps are taken to
provide contract faculty from the date of
reopening to the last working day of the
college.
Contract Faculty are being engaged in
Government Junior Colleges duly following
the rule of reservation at Zonal level, during
the academic year 2009–10.
Orders have been issued to engage Contract
lecturers at the beginning of the academic
year in the vacant posts in Government
Junior Colleges and the remuneration was
enhanced to Rs.7,500/- in Urban Areas and
to Rs.8,500/- in Rural Areas from 2008.
The contract faculty engaged will not be
renewed automatically in successive years
unless they reach the pass percentage of the
district average for two consecutive years in
the relevant subjects.
Recruitment of Junior Lecturers:-530
vacancies of Junior Lecturers have been
117
identified in Government Junior Colleges
during 2007-08. Out of 530 vacancies, 510
vacancies have been filled through Andhra
Pradesh Public Service Commission during
2008-09 and 20 vacancies are unfilled.
Further, 20 Un-filled vacancies and 1,100
more new vacancies have been have been
notified by the A.P.P.S.C., in Nov. 2008.
Tele-Lessons (MANA TV)/‘e-Class Room’:
Through MANA TV live Tele-lessons on
important subjects were transmitted for the
benefit of students in 540 Government Junior
Colleges in the state. The introduction of the
Audio Visual instruction has improved the
results of IPE.
Tele-lessons were also broadcasted through
Doordarshan Saptagiri channel. It is also
proposed to transmit the lessons through
Broad Band Connectivity to all Government
Junior Colleges in the state in phased
programme in addition to Doordarshan
Saptagiri channel. Electronic class rooms
were established in 501 Government Junior
Colleges in the state with the latest
technology and the content C.D.’s are
provided by B.I.E. Further, the content in
digital mode is to be developed and provided
for usage in addition to the establishment of
equipment and for maintenance of
Computers, Printers, Screens, Projectors,
Audio Equipment etc.
Academic Guidance and Monitoring Cell.
Academic Guidance and Monitoring Cells
have been created in Intermediate Education
at State, Regional, District and College level
from the academic year 2005-06 for effective
functioning and monitoring of the academic
schedules in Junior Colleges.
Training orientation programmes are
designed in the academic and administrative
matters for the Principals, Sr. Assistants and
Officers of the Department and also to Junior
Lecturers of General and Vocational Courses.
Special EAMCET Coaching Classes:
23 Government Junior Colleges have been
identified to give EAMCET Coaching to
Science Students beyond class room work
with the financial assistance from A.P. State
Council of Higher Education from 2006– 07.
This programme is continued during this year
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
with an intake of 4000 students for 1st and 2nd
years.
Supply of Text Books by T.T.D:
T.T.D.,Tirupati has provided funds for
supplying text books to all the girl students
(who are below poverty line and not
receiving any type of scholarships) studying
in all Government Junior Colleges and Aided
Junior Colleges in the State in the name of
“Sri Padmavathi Ammavari Pusthaka
Prasadam” benefitting 92,900 Girls Students.
The Books which were printed by EFLU and
Telugu Academy and Environmental
Education from E.M.E.S.C.O., have been
supplied to all the Government Junior
Colleges and Private Aided Junior Colleges
in the state.
Establishment of New Government Junior
Colleges
Government have sanctioned 51 New
Government Junior Colleges and 12
Exclusive Government Vocational Junior
Colleges from the year 2008-09 with M.P.C.,
B.P.C., C.E.C., and H.E.C. Further
Government have also accorded permission
for starting 39 Government Junior Colleges
during 2009-10 in the state.
Rural infrastructure Development Fund
(RIDF):
Under Rural Infrastructure Development
Fund, construction of buildings, toilets and
Drinking Water facilities are being provided
in Government Junior Colleges in the State.
Under RIDF XI, an amount of Rs.43.40
Crores was sanctioned for 388 projects, out
of which, an amount of Rs. 38.00 Crores was
released till 2009-10. The total works are
expected to be completed by March 2010.
Under NABARD RIDF –XIII, administrative
sanction was accorded approving 272
projects at a cost of Rs.58.85 crores towards
construction of additional accommodation in
needy Government Junior Colleges located
in rural and semi urban areas and the works
are under process.
Remote Interior Area Development
(RIAD):
During the year 2008-09, administrative
sanction was accorded for Rs. 21.31 Crores
under Remote Interior Area Development
118
Scheme towards construction of additional
accommodation and toilets in 36 Government
Junior Colleges located in R.I.A.D. areas.
The project is proposed for completion
during the years 2008-09 and 2009-10. The
construction work is under progress.
Attached Hostel Buildings:
Attached Hostel Buildings in Junior Colleges
at 5 places were sanctioned during 2008-09
for the benefit of Backward Class students
and at 3 places for the benefit of Schedule
Caste and Schedule Tribe Girl students at
Intermediate level. The construction work is
in progress.
Vocationalisation of Education:
In the National Policy of Education 1986,
Vocationalisation of Education is given high
priority. The main objectives of the scheme
of Vocationalisation of Education are spelt
out in National policy on Education 1986 and
accorded priority for diversification of
courses of study for enhancing the
employability of students and reduction of
the gap between demand and the supply of
skilled man power and for reduction of the
pressure on universities for admissions. For
effective implementation of the programme,
Government of India has provided liberal
financial assistance to the state during the 8th
Five year plan period. State Government
have released the amounts duly converting
the plan schemes to non-plan schemes during
10th Five year plan period
290 new sections have been sanctioned
during 10th five year plan under centrally
sponsored scheme and the total cost of this
scheme is Rs.16.00 Crores. The classes have
commenced from the academic year 2007-08.
Vocational Education is to be promoted as
part of national policy on Education for
acquiring of skills and self-employment.
Vocational graduates are sponsored for one
year Apprenticeship Training with Hospitals
/Business firms/Industry. The selected
candidates are entitled to a stipend of Rs.
1440/- per month during this one-year
training period, half of which will be
reimbursed to the training Agencies by
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Government of India through Board of
Apprentice Training, Chennai. During
2009-10, 4 Job Melas (Under Rajiv Udyoga
Sri) and 6 Apprenticeship Melas are
conducted and 4,108 candidates have got
placements upto December, 2009.
The intake capacity in vocational courses at
+2 level is 80,000 and the enrolment during
2009– 10 is 68,085 in 1st year.
Short Term Vocational Courses
There are 58 short term Vocational Courses.
State Institute of Vocational Education wing
in the Commissioner of Intermediate
Education is authorized to conduct
examinations and issue certificates for the
short term Vocational Courses to the students
from the academic year 2006-07. Nearly,
14,022 students are admitted in these courses
for 3 modules for the year 2009 in various
Short-term Vocational institutions through
out the State. The State Institute of
Vocational Education is conducting 3
months, 6 months, and 1-year duration
certificate courses for the benefit of drop outs
and others, like SSC failed / pass, Inter
failed/passed through out the state. It is
aimed at improving the employable skills
and employment i.e., both wage and self-
employment.
***
COLLEGIATE EDUCATION
8.4 The department of Collegiate Education
monitors the administrative functions,
academic and quality standards in 249
Government degree coleges and 179 aided
colleges. It monitors the implementation of
various programmes for sustaining and
promoting the quality of education with the
objective to provide a purposeful education
to all particularly to students hailing from
marginalized sections of the society. The
department also attends the development
requirements of all the Government colleges.
Number of Degree Colleges and their
strength is shown in Table 8.6.
119
 Table 8.6 Jawahar Knowledge Centres (JKCs):
Degree Colleges and Students, 2009-10 Jawahar Knowledge Centre, initiated by
(Nos) Government of Andhra Pradesh has evolved
Type Colleges Students to become a dynamic and student friendly
Government platform to equip them fulfill the job
249 1,80,221
Colleges aspirations of students in degree colleges.
Aided Colleges 179 1,84,505 JKC provides training to students in skills
relevant to the needs of the job industry and
Total 428 3,64,726 is continuously helping them to equip for
Source:Commissionerate of Collegiate facing the competitive employment
Education environment. 276 JKCs were established in
degree colleges and students are trained in
Important Programmes / Initiatives Communication skills, Soft skills, Analytical
Starting of New Courses: skills and Computer skills. Students of the
Keeping in view the recent developments in commerce stream undergo training in Tally
Higher Education, the department started Financial Accounting Package. The students
introducing need based, job oriented new trained in JKCs are shown placement
courses like Biotechnology, Industrial opportunities in noted and well placed
Chemistry, Microbiology, Computer Science, companies. It is targetted to increase the
Communicative English, Tourism, placement percentage during 2010 – 11.
Advertising and Sales Promotion etc., in The achievements are shown in the Table
Government Colleges during the last few 8.8.
years on partial self financing basis. Table 8.8
Similarly, PG courses on self-financing basis Students Trained in JKC and Jobs Secured
(Nos)
are also sanctioned every year on the basis of Trained in Jobs Secured
demand and facilities available. These Year
JKC
courses are accessible to the students 2006-07 619 354
belonging to the poor and marginalized 2007-08 20,787 4,193
sections. UG Restructured and PG courses 2008-09 27,161 2,088
started during the last two years is shown in 2009-10 9,311 407
Source: Commissionerate of Collegiate Education
Table 8.7.
Table 8.7
Accounting Executive Course: Apart from
UG Restructured and PG courses the above programs under JKC, a short-term
(Nos) Accounting Executive Course for Commerce
Year Colleges Sections Courses students is initiated with an objective to
U.G. Restructured Courses provide employable and work oriented skills
2008-09 35 58 22 to students for securing employment. The
2009-10 18 25 15
Total 53 83 37
duration of the course is 240 hours spread
P.G.Courses over a period of four months. Intensive
2007-08 31 39 16 training will be given in Tally Financial
2008-09 10 24 18 Accounting Package, Communication skills
Total 41 63 34 and Computer skills. A total of 5,211
Source:- Commissionerate of Collegiate Education students in 116 Government and Private
Establishment of Womens’ Hostels: To Aided Colleges are enrolled so far. Second
encourage women education, the department spell of enrolment is in progress. The
is motivating the colleges to provide hostel trained students will be placed for Campus
facility to women students. UGC has Recruitment drives/Job melas.
sanctioned construction of hostel buidlings in IT initiatives : Some of the other IT
14 Government Degree colleges at a cost of initiatives taken are:
Rs.10.34 crores during 2007-08 and the work 1. Software Development for College
is in progress. Management Information System

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 120

 2. Application Development of Accredited • To plan and organize post accreditation
Colleges, Management Information activities in the institutions
system (networking of NAAC Keeping above objectives in view, SQAC
Accredited Colleges) organized number of workshops,
3. Software Development for Results conferences, meetings, seminars etc., for
Analysis Information System creating quality awarness across the State.
4. E-learning MANA TV: Department of Collegiate
5. Establishment of English Language Education is facilitating the telecast of
Labs curriculum based degree lessons of 12
Accreditation of Colleges by National conventional and 3 restructured subjects
Assessment and Accreditation Council through MANA TV, which supports and
(NAAC): The department took several supplements the normal teaching by
measures and motivated the staff and the providing the latest information. It is a
students of the colleges to obtain the modern and innovative learning resource and
accreditation from National Assessment and the telecast is received by 169 Govt.
Accreditation Council, which is a significant Colleges in the State benefiting large
parameter for assessing the performance sections of the students belonging to rural
quality of the college. Out of 130 Govt. areas.
colleges accredited, 120 got grades at the Innovative live programmes like
level of B or above as on Sept.08. The Teleconferences, Telecounselling and Panel
average grade achieved by the Government discussions were organized through MANA
Colleges in the state is one of the highest at TV, which generated huge enthusiasm
the country level. The grades obtained by among teachers and students and led to
Aided colleges are equally good. 34 several such discussions in colleges. In
Government Degree Colleges in the state are addition to the above, training programmes
getting ready for the re- acrreditation process and certificate courses were arranged live in
during 2010-11. Table 8.9 shows different communicative skills for presenters as well
grades secured by colleges in the state. as students.
District Resource Centres: District
Table 8.9 Resource Centres (DRC) were established in
Grades obtained by Govt. and Aided Colleges 21 Districts covering all the Government
(Number)
Grade Govt. Aided Total
Colleges in the state to provide additional
Colleges Colleges support to the students of Govt. Degree
A 4 23 27 Colleges situated in semi urban, rural and
B, B+ and remote areas. The DRCs have been
116 66 182
B++ conducting activities like sharing of teacher
C,C+ and expertise, labs, library, playgrounds and
10 2 12
C++ other infrastructural facilities and support
3 stars
and 4 stars
0 4 4 services like Computer centre, Health centre
Total 130 95 225 etc. Joint activites like additional coaching,
Source- Commissionerate of Collegiate Education career guidance, linkages, summer
programmes, competitions etc., are
State Quality Assurance Cell (SQAC): conducted at the district level.
State Quality Assurance Cell (the functional The department in association with
unit of SLQACC) has been established with concerned DRCs conducted three two-day
the following objectives. awareness workshops on strengthening of
• To plan and organize activities and District Resource Centres and enhancement
programmes that help expediting the of quality in teaching learning practices at
NAAC accreditation of institutions in the Government Degree Colleges Rajahmundry,
State Mahabubnagar and Nellore, where in
• To take up quality enhancing activities Principals and Lecturers of all Government

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 121

 Degree Colleges of the respective districts
participated.
Extension Programmes: The department is
working towards promoting certain
community development programmes with
the help of the colleges under its control. 150
Govt. Degree Colleges have started
Consumer Clubs, Eco Clubs, Red Ribbon
Clubs and Heritage Clubs to educate the
students and society about consumer
awareness, AIDS awareness, protecting the
environment and ecological balance and
preservation of Heritage and cultural
monuments.
State Teacher Awards: Government gives
State Teacher Awards to the meritorious
University and College teachers every year
commemorating the birthday of Dr.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a great scholar,
the former President of India. This year, 33
Awards to University Teachers and 36
awards to College teachers were presented.
English Language Labs: Establishment of
75 English Language Labs in Govt. Colleges
is nearing completion. The students are
trained online about using the most advanced
audio-visual modes of learning through
computers. The software installed in these
labs is highly beneficial to the student
community and its three packages viz.,
Academic lab, Aptitude lab and Career lab
which help the students speak fluently and
improve their analytical and listening skills.
***
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
8.5 Technical Education department promotes
Technical Education in the State with the aim
to help in bringing out good engineers and
technicians with profound knowledge, skill,
positive work culture, improved efficiency
and productivity. The ultimate goal is to
ensure effective working of our industries
and to shape our students to be competitive
in global market.
The department is responsible for
development of Technical Education both at
Degree(Graduate Engineers) as well as
Diploma (Technician) levels.
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The department coordinates with All India
Council for Technical Education (AICTE) in
processing the applications for the
establishment of Engineering Colleges,
Polytechnics and Institutions offering
Pharmacy, MCA, MBA and Architecture and
enhancement of sanctioned intake in them.
Intake: There are 656 Engineering Colleges,
703 MCA Colleges, 881 MBA Colleges,
278 B.Pharmacy Colleges and 213
Polytechnics functioning in the state(includes
370 MCA and 224 MBA stand-alone
colleges). The intake of the students is
2,26,870 in engineering courses, 47,595 in
MCA courses, 59,676 in MBA courses,
16,675 in Pharmacy, and 63,075 in
Polytechnics.
Activities:
• The department encourages qualitative
Technical Education at Degree and
Diploma levels through improved
standards set by National Board of
Accreditation (NBA) of AICTE and
NAAC of UGC.
• Encourages upgradation of equipment
through a scheme of Modernization and
Removal of Obsolescence (MODROBS)
of AICTE.
• Facilitate in establishing SONET
(Society for Networking for Excellence
in Technical Education) to provide
interconnectivity among Engineering
Colleges, to adopt innovative Teaching
practices, Digital library, Video
conferencing etc. throughout the State, to
benefit all Technical Institutions. SONET
today is providing latest International
technical journals to its member colleges
benefiting number of students.
• Conducts Web based admissions as per
the ranks secured by the candidates at 50
EAMCET and 37 EEP Helpline centers
in Andhra Pradesh. This enables the
student to attend counselling at any one
of the above places in the State as per
their convenience and select college and
course of his choice.
• Coordinates with Board of
Apprenticeship Training (BOAT),
Ministry of Secondary and Higher
122
 Education, Govt. of India and various
organizations/industries to provide
apprenticeship training to thousands of
Engineering Graduates and Diploma
holders including sandwich courses to
improve their skills to fit into the best
production centers in the country
• The department and the State Board of
Technical Education and Training A.P.,
Hyderabad arrange transmission of
recorded technical lessons and live
interaction between students and lecturers
through KU Band and teach students via
electronic classroom simultaneously
around the State.
• Provides facilities for Career Guidance
and counselling for the students of
Engineering Degree/Diploma institutions,
to enable them to plan in advance for a
future, after the completion of their
respective courses.
• Encourages establishment of Industry-
Institution-Interaction Cell with the aid
from AICTE. Thus, industry can
participate in the development of skills of
the students and staff in different
practical areas.
• The Department and the Board, provide
academic improvement at Diploma level
for in-service candidates, through
Correspondence cum Contact Courses
(CCC).
• Encourages Internal Revenue Generation
(IRG) throughout the State in the
Polytechnics, to update their skills and
find out resources for institutional
development.
Initiatives to improve access:
New Government Polytechnics: 33 New
Government Polytechnics were started after a
long gap, during the academic year 2008-09.
The intake in each of the new Polytechnic is
120 and they are being run on shift basis in
existing Govt. Degree/Junior colleges/High
schools. The Government accorded
administrative sanction for starting 16 more
Government Polytechnics and admissions are
in progress. Including these 49 new
Government Polytechnics, the total no. of
Government Polytechnics increased to 112.
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In addition, there are 4 aided and 49 unaided
Private Polytechnics in the state. The total
intake of the students in all these 165
Polytechnics is 59,770. Besides, there are 48
D.Pharmacy institutions with an intake of
3,305.
24 New Courses were started in 23
Govt.Polytechnics during 2008-09. Second
shift is permitted in 27 Government, 1 Aided
and 23 Private Unaided Polytechnics for the
first time in the state during 2008-09 and
2009-10. Polytechnic as Second shift has
been introduced in 65 Engineering colleges
and admissions are in progress.
New Engineering Colleges:
• Indian Institute of Technology,
Hyderabad at Kandi, in Medak District
was established by Govt. of India and
admissions were taken up from the year
2008-09. An Amount of Rs.19.00 Crores
was released for IIT, Hyderabad in
July,08 for land acquisition.
• Birla Institute of Technology and Science
(BITS) was established in Hyderabad.
• One engineering college each is
established i.e., under Yogi Vemana
University at Proddatur of Kadapa
District, at Tirupathi,S.P.Mahila
Uniersity, at S.K.University and at
Nagarjuna University.
Quality initiatives:
To improve the Quality in Technical
Education, following measures are being
taken:
a) e-Lessons:
e-Lessons is a Prestigious Project of the
department taken up during 2008-09
• As a teaching aid – Not self learning
material
• To ensure minimum standards in
Teaching
• To enable in easy understanding of the
subject by student and improve Pass
Percentage.
• 432 class rooms have been provided with
LCD projector and computer.
• e-lessons are prepared by Polytechnic
teachers pertaining to all subjects taught
in polytechnics out of 30,000.
• e-lessons implemented from 2008-09.
123
b). Faculty training and other measures
o All 37 Newly promoted principals are
provided training in administrative skills.
o 515 Lecturers are provided training in
instructional Design and Development
System and training will be provided for
remaining 600 lecturers in next 3 months.
o 14 Programmes were conducted for 455
Teaching and Ministerial staff in office
Automation, administrative procedures,
CAD and graphic design, C-
programming, IT&C, Satellite and
Optical fibre Communication, Power
protection in electrical Systems and
teaching methodology during 2008-09.
o All the English lecturers are trained in
participatory teaching methodology
o English communication labs have been
setup in 60 Govt. Polytechnics
o 1126 latest computers have been supplied
in 61 Govt. Polytechnics
c). State Board of Technical Education:
Reforms:
Syllabus revision to make Diploma
courses on sandwich pattern
It is decided to make all Diploma Courses as
Sandwich courses to benefit the students to
know the needs of the industry and will
provide hands on experience:
ƒ In five semesters all the students have to
study theory subjects out of 6 Semesters.
ƒ During the Vth semester of the course,
every student has to undergo compulsory
Practical training of 6 Months duration in
any one of the industry.
ƒ The Expert committee was constituted.
The industrialists are invited to
participate in the workshop on syllabus
revision and their advice and suggestions
are invited and are taken into
consideration in finalization of syllabus
so as to prepare the student suitable to the
needs of the industry.
ƒ Syllabus last revised in 34 Courses
during 2005-06
ƒ Syllabus of Diploma in Automobile
Engineering Revised in 2008-09
ƒ Syllabus revision for 10 Diploma Courses
is almost completed and remaining
Diploma courses is in progress and is
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
decided to be implemented w.e.f. 2009-
10.
Other reforms like introduction of unit tests
and sessional marks, issue of Xerox copy of
valued answer scripts and revaluation and
streamlining of scheme of valuation have
been implemented.
d).Modernization and Removal of
Obsolescence Scheme (MODROBS):
The Government Polytechnics are receiving
funds from AICTE, New Delhi for
procurement of Modern and sophisticated
equipment for the laboratories to train the
polytechnic Students, during 2008-09.
e).Technical Education Quality
improvement Programme (TEQIP):
TEQIP is an Externally Aided Project (EAP)
for the quality improvement programme and
is implemented in 11 engineering colleges
and 1 Govt.Polytechnic.
The TEQIP-I Project with an outlay of Rs.
142.62 Crores commenced in 2004- 05 was
completed on 31-3-2009.
The TEQIP-II Project with an anticipated
outlay of Rs. 218.00 Crores is likely to
commence from Jan’/April, 2010. The
project is proposed to be implemented in 20
engineering colleges.
f).Other measures
• English curriculum restructured
o introduced in all 3 years
o student workbook on EEE
o focus on LSRW Skills
o employability skills introduced
o Teachers Handbook prepared
• Biometric attendance introduced
experimentally in 93 Polytechnics for
students and staff
• Teaching through video conference is
experimentally started in GMR
Polytechnic, Paderu.
Other important Schemes of the
Department:
SAPNET: Govt.of Andhra Pradesh have
signed Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) with ISRO for effective and efficient
utilization of satellite resource for
Transmission of Technology through MANA
TV- e- Class room method. Live Lectures are
being telecast in all Government
124
Polytechnics for the benefit of Polytechnic
students.
Adoption of Polytechnics by Industries:
The Concept of Adoption of Govt.
Polytechnic by nearby Industry is taken up to
extend the following facilities for mutual
benefit of the industry and the polytechnic.
1. Better Industry-Institution-Interaction
2. Increased employability of students
3. More industrial exposure by arranging
Industrial visits and training
4. Consultancy Services of faculty with
industry
5. Guest lectures by industrial Personnel for
the benefit of students
6. Training to technical staff of industry in
improving their Knowledge and
theoretical skill
7. Better Practical Training (on hand
experience) to students on sophisticated
machines in industry.
Pratibha Scholarships: It was introduced in
1999 by for promoting quality and excellence
in education under which meritorious
students will be awarded Merit certificate,
Memento and Scholarship. Pratibha
Scholarships are provided for different
courses @ Rs.10,000 for Diploma
Courses(CEEP); Rs.17,500 for EAMCET –
Engineering; ECET, ICET (MBA and
MCA); and Rs.22,500 for EAMCET -
Medicine.
Remote and Interior Area Development
(RIAD) Scheme:
RIAD scheme is implemented for
infrastructure development in four
Government Polytechnics located in Remote
areas i.e., Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem,
Srisailam and Paderu since 2008-09.
Rajiv Udyoga Sri
Department of Technical Education is
implementing Rajiv Udyoga Sri training
programmes in Polytechnics utilizing the
infrastructure facilities available for the
benefit of unemployed youth. The scheme
aims to improve the skills and their
employability. The No. of candidates Trained
are 7575 and placements are shown for 4838
out of a Target of 10000 during 2008-09 and
3406 candidates are undergoing training,
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The programmes covered under training are
House Wiring and Repair of Domestic
Electrical Appliances, Computer Hardware,
Computer software, TV repairing, Plumbing,
Refrigeration and Air-conditioning, Two
wheeler servicing, Modern Surveying on
Total station, Tailoring and Embroidery,
Basic Bakery, Machine Embroidery, Zardosi
Work, Knitting and Fabric Painting,
Beautician etc.
21st Centuary Gurukulams
21St Centuary Gurukulams are Residential
Technical Institutions to provide enhanced
opportunities for meritorious Rural Youth of
Andhra Pradesh. Its primary purpose is to
provide Remedial Education and Information
Technology for the most meritorious students
among the Rural Youth. The main aim of the
21st century Gurukulams is to provide quality
candidates by imparting training to the Rural
Youth to International level of excellence in
specially designed Technical Education
Courses. Presently it is started at 6 centers.
Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge
Technologies (RGUKT):
Government of Andhra Pradesh have
established Rajiv Gandhi University of
Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT) in the
year 2008 through Act 18 of 2008 to cater to
the educational needs of the rural youth.
Three fully residential IIITs have been
established under the RGUKT at Basar in
Adilabad District, Nuzvid in Krishna District
and R.K. Valley in Kadapa District. These
institutes are meant to specialize in teaching
and research in Information Technology and
emerging areas of Engineering and Science.
Around 2000 students are admitted in each
IIIT in the academic year 2008-09. The
Under Graduate Programme at these IIITs
leading to a B.Tech Degree is six years
duration. Admissions are made after the
SSC level (Class X) on the basis of marks
obtained in the board examination. The first
two years of education by and large
correspond to intermediate syllabus and the
subsequent four years are meant for
engineering education.
The pedagogy followed at RGUKT is based
on learning to learn and life long learning
philosophy. All education is imparted
125
 through the use of Information and
Communication Technology. Each student is
given a lap top.
***
FAMILY WELFARE
8.6 Family Welfare Department is providing
maternal health care, child health care and
family welfare services to the people through
12,522 Sub-centers; 1,570 Primary Health
Centres in rural areas; 82 Post Partum Units;
131 Urban Family Welfare Centres and 267
Urban Health Centres in Urban Areas.
The estimated Birth rate, Death rate and
Infant Mortality Rates for the year, 2008 in
the case of state are 18.4, 7.5 and 52
respectively as against 22.8, 7.4 and 53 for
All India (as per Sample Registration
System, October, 2009). Expeted life at
Birth,(2006-10) for Male and Female in the
State are 65.4 and 69.4 as against 65.8 and
68.1 for All India. Maternal Mortality Ratio
(MMR) is defined as the proportion of
maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
reported, which is 154 in the state as against
254 in All India in 2004-06 as per the Sample
Registration System, April,09.
A. Maternal Health Care Services:
Maternal Health Care Services are being
provided to the pregnant woman by
implementing the following schemes/
interventions:
• Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA)
• FRUs strengthened with CEMONC services
(Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and
Neo-natal Care)
• Blood Bank and Blood Storage Centres
• 24-hours Mother and Child Health centres
• Janani Suraksha Yojana scheme
A.1 Accredited Social Health Activist
(ASHA):
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective of providing the
services of the health resource person very
near to the community in rural areas. It is
implemented in 21,916 villages (67,561
habitations).
70,700 ASHAs(55,400 in rural areas, 10,000
in tribal areas and 5,300 in urban areas) have
been identified in all habitations across the
state through the Gram Panchayat Health
Committees, to acts as health-resource
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
persons of first resort in all maternal and
child health services and they are in
position. They provide services to the
pregnant woman, infants and eligible
couples.
A.2 FRUs strengthened with CEMONC
services (Comprehensive Emergency
Obstetric and Neonatal Care):
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective of providing the
services of life-saving emergency care to
mothers and children (caesarian, neonatal
care, etc). Every CEMONC centre is
designed to have 4 obstetricians, 1
pediatrician, 1 anesthetist, blood bank or
blood storage center; and additional budget
for drugs and consumables per each case of
delivery. 158 CEMONC Centers have been
functioning.
A.3 Blood Bank and Blood Storage
Centres
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective to provide the
blood to the caesarian surgery cases. 20 new
blood banks and 89 blood storage centers are
to be set up in Comprehensive Emergency
Obstetric and Neonatal Care (CEMONC)
centres.
The Indian Red Cross Society is appointed as
the State Level Nodal Agency to set up
Blood Banks and Blood Storages Centers. 10
Blood Banks and 74 Blood Storage Centres
are functioning. The remaining are under
process.
A.4 24-hours Mother and Child Health
(MCH) centre:
This scheme was started during the year
1997-98 with an objective of providing
round the clock services for conducting
normal deliveries, to identify the high risk
pregnancy cases and to refer them to FRUs.
800 PHCs are functioning as 24 MCH
Centres. 79,984 deliveries were conducted
during 2008-09 and 48,396 deliveries are
conducted during 2009-10 (upto Ocober
2009).
A.5 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) :
This scheme was started during the year
2005-06 with an objective to encourage
126
pregnant women for institutional delivery in
Government/Private Institution which
contributes for the reduction of Maternal
Mortality and Infant Mortality.
Under this scheme, Rs.1,000/-(Rs.700/-
under JSY (GOI) + Rs.300/- under
Sukhibhava scheme (State) is being paid to
rural BPL woman who undergoes
institutional delivery. From 1st April 2006,
JSY has been extended to BPL urban
families also.
The number of JSY beneficiaries were
5,51,206 during 2008– 09 and 1,29,496 in
2009-10 so far.
B. Child Health Care Services:
Child Health Care Services are being
provided to the Infant and Children by
implementing the following schemes /
interventions:
• Vaccine Preventable Diseases
• Main Activities
• Implementation of Universal
Immunization Program
• Convergence
• Neo-natal intensive care units
B.1 Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs):
All children are being vaccinated against VPD
such as Whooping Cough, Diphtheria,
Tetanus, Polio, TB, Measles, and Hepatitis-B.
The names of the vaccines used under
immunization are - B.C.G, O.P.V., D.P.T,
Hepatitis-B, Measles and TT will be given to
the pregnant women.
B.2 Main Activities:
a) Routine Immunization including Vitamin-A
Bi-annual administration during January
and July of every year.
b) Campaign – Intensified Pulse Polio
Immunization
c) Surveillance – Polio and Measles
surveillance
B.3. Implementation of Universal
Immunization Program:
Following immunization activities are being
implemented as Part-C under RCH-II with
additional inputs:
1) Additional Mobility support to DIOs, 2)
Vaccine transport, 3) Cold chain repairs and
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
maintenance, 4) Computer assistants to assist
the DIO, 5) Alternative vaccine delivery, 6)
Focus on slum and underserved areas in
urban slums, 7)Mobilization of children by
WHV.
In addition to the above, the following
activities are also taken up for strengthening
routine immunization:
a. Conducting Village Health and Nutrition
Day in the villages once in a month for
providing immunization and treatment
for minor ailments.
b. Organizing immunization catch-up
campaigns in tribal districts as and when
felt necessary.
c. Organizing Measles and AFP
surveillance campaigns as per necessity.
d. By publicizing through IEC activities to
bring awareness in all sections of public
about the immunization particularly in
the SC/ ST and weaker section areas,
habitations and outreach areas.
B.4. Convergence:
For effective implementation of Health
activities in the districts, Convergence
sessions are being conducted among the
Health, Medical and Family Welfare,
Women Development and Child Welfare and
DRDA departments at the state, district, PHC
and sub-centre level.
B.5 Neonatal Intensive Care Units
(NICUs) :
This scheme was started during the year
2006-07 with an objective to provide
emergency neonatal care services to new
born and neonates to reduce Infant mortality
rate and to improve the quality of pediatric
care services in remote, interior, tribal areas
and urban areas.
It is proposed to establish 160 NICUs in the
State (in 13 Teaching Hospitals, 23 Dist.
Hospitals, 16 Area Hospitals and 108
CEMONC centers). 14 Pediatricians are
positioned against 124 posts sanctioned.
It is planned to position two Staff Nurses and
two ANMs on contract basis in each unit. So
127
far, 161 Staff Nurses are positioned. District
Selection Committees are requested to fill-up
the remaining vacancies and it is under
process.
C. Family Welfare Services:
Family Welfare Services are being provided
to the eligible Couples by implementing the
following schemes/interventions:
• Permanent Methods
• Spacing Methods
• MTP Services
• Family Planning Insurance Scheme
• State Population Policy
C.1: Permanent/Spacing Methods:
This scheme was started during the year 1952
with an objective to control the population
growth by providing family welfare services
to the eligible couples who want to adopt
spacing or small family norm on voluntary
basis.
The services of tubectomy and vasectomy
under permanent methods and IUD, Oral
Pills and Nirodh pieces under spacing
methods are being provided to the eligible
couples. The Government is providing
Family Planning Incentive towards
Compensation loss of wages for female
sterilizations (BPL/SC/ST) – Rs.600/- and
Rs.250/- for APL people and male
sterilization (BPL/SC/ST) –and Rs.1100/- for
all people.
C.2 Medical Termination of Pregnancy
Services (MTP):
The objective of the scheme is to provide the
MTP services to the eligible couples for
termination of unwanted pregnancy. The
services are being provided at all the Govt.
hospitals in the state. The number of
beneficiaries during 2008–09 are 6,132.
C.3 Family Planning Insurance Scheme:
This scheme was started during the year 2005
with an objective to provide insurance to
sterilization acceptors as per MOU signed
with insurance company. Details of the
scheme are shown in Table 8.10.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Table 8.10
Family Planning Insurance
Sl. Issues covered Limit of
No. indemnity
1 Death due to sterilization
operation in Hospital or Rs.2,00,000
within 7 days from the date
of discharge from the
hospital
2 Death occurring due to
sterilization operation Rs.50,000
between 8 to 30 days from
the date of discharge from
the hospital
3 Failure of sterilization
operation (payable once Rs.30,000
only)
4 Expenses for treatment of Actual,
medical complication due to subject to
sterilization operation maximum of
(within 60 days of operation) Rs.25,000
Source: Family Welfare Department
C.4 State Population Policy:
The State Population Policy was formulated
during the year 1997 with an objective to
improve the quality of services under Family
Welfare programme. During the Family
Planning Camps, the facilities like
arrangement of Shamiyanas, Drinking Water
Bottles, Beds, Transport, etc. are being
provided to the sterilization acceptors.
Further, on the eve of the World Population
Day on 11th July of every year, an incentive
of Rs.10,000/- is being paid to 69
sterilization acceptors at the rate 3 per district
who are being selected on lucky dip basis at
district level to the following categories:
a) Couples accepted sterilization with one
child
b) Couples accepted sterilization with two
girl children
c) Couples accepted vasectomy with two
children
D. Urban Slum Health Services :
This scheme was started during the year
2000 with an objective to provide Preventive,
Promotive and Curative Services to the
people living in urban slum areas. 192 Urban
Health centres are functioning in the state
through NGOs with State Government
Funds. Each urban health centre covers
15,000 population in slum area. 75 UHCs
were established so far under RCH-II.
128
D.1 Tribal Health Services:
The following additional initiatives are taken
up to strengthen the health services in the
tribal areas
• 8,500 Community Health Volunteers
working in tribal areas are converted as
ASHAs. They are being paid
performance based incentive on par with
other ASHAs in addition to the
honorarium being paid to them since
inception of the scheme.
• Initiatives under RCH-II from 2005-06
onwards:
ƒ Birth Waiting Homes: Tribal area birth
waiting homes are being constructed to
enable women from distant and interior
habitations to reach the delivery care
institution a couple of days before the
expected date of delivery as to prevent
the complications of arrival in late
labour. The construction of 29 Birth
Waiting Homes is completed and
handed over so far and 9 are to be
completed.
ƒ 30 Mobile Medical Units are
functioning in all the tribal areas to
provide the services at the door step of
the tribal people.
E. Community Involvement Activities:
E.1.Sub-Center un-tied funds
The scheme was started during 2005-06. The
Objective of this scheme is to provide funds
at Gram Panchayat level to meet the
requirements for maintenance of sanitation
and public health at village level and to
improve the facilities at the sub-centre level.
An amount of Rs.10,000/- is being released
to each sub-centre per annum and this
amount will be deposited in a joint account to
be operated by the Village Sarpanch and the
ANM.
The untied funds for maintenance of
PHCs/CHCs is being given for getting minor
repairs done; to get the PHC/CHC
compounds clean on a regular basis; to
arrange for scientific bio-medical waste
disposal; to meet expenses for NRHM review
with MPHA (Male and Female) and ASHAs
and to provide referral transportation in
exceptional situations etc. at PHC/CHC level.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The amounts given for PHC/CHC is briefed
below.
E.2.Untied funds for Maintenance of
PHCs:
The scheme was started during 2006-07. The
budget for untied funds is Rs.25,000, annual
maintenance grant is Rs.50,000 and for
Hospital Development Societies (HDS) is
Rs. One lakh per annum.
E.3.Untied funds for Maintenance of
CHCs:
The scheme was started during 2006-07. The
budget for untied funds is Rs.50,000 and
HDS is Rs. One lakh per annum.
E.4.Village Level Health and Sanitation
Committees:
This scheme was started during the year
2006-07 with an objectives to ensure optimal
use of health service in the village; improve
participation of the village level health and
sanitation committees in maintaining quality
health services and sanitation; to prevent
occurrence of epidemics in the villages.
The Village Health and Sanitation
Committees are formed with Panchayat
Sarpanches as chairpersons, and ward
members, Anganwadi Workers, ANMs, and
Women Health Volunteers as members and
MPHAs (M), and MPHAs (F) as member
conveners. 21,916 Village Health and
Sanitation Committees are constituted and
amount of Rs.10,000/- is being given to each
Village Health and Sanitation Committees
for annum under NRHM.
F.Public and Private Partnership
Activities:
The following activities are being
implemented under Public and Private
Partnership Activities in Andhra Pradesh.
F.1.Rural Emergency Health
Transportation Scheme - EMRI) -108 :
• The Govt. of AP initiated the scheme to
enable the rural poor to have easy access
to the hospital health care services free of
cost in times of emergency particularly in
respect of maternal and neonatal / infant
health emergencies.
• The Emergency Management Research
Institute (EMRI), an NGO set up by the
Satyam Foundation is identified as nodal
129

• A common toll-free telephone number
108 is provided for 24 hours and 365
days for accessing ambulance services.
• An operational cost of Rs.1,12,499/- per
month per ambulance is being paid by the
Government.
• Every ambulance is provided with trained
technical staff.
• Total 752 Ambulances are covering the
entire state of Andhra Pradesh.
• The average number of trips for
transporting emergency patients per day
is 8 trips per ambulance.
• 70% of the trips are towards
transportation of SC/ST and BPL
pregnant women and children below 5
years of age to the nearest FRU’s.
• Each ambulance is covering 50 kms. per
trip approximately for both ways of
transport covering 400 kms per day
approximately by each ambulance.
• The no. of average calls received per day
are 68,000.
• Total number of lives saved is 54,000 so
far (since inception).
• Total number of emergencies attended
since August, 2005 is 34.17 lakhs.
F.2. Health Information Helpline – (104):
This scheme was started during the year
2007. It is a Public Private Partnership with
Health Management Research Institute by
Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. The objective of
the scheme is to provide Health Information
advice, counseling to the public on Toll free
No.104. On average 36,000 calls are being
attended by HIHL.
Special Features:
It is a unique, innovative scheme being
implemented for the first time in India. An
individual can also utilize 108 emergency
ambulance services to transport emergency
seriously ill patients through HIHL 104.
Information on referral services at various
Government Hospitals and the people can
also lodge complaints on functioning of
Health Institutions of Govt. sector which will
be referred to concerned HODs for redressal
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
and further action. Information on epidemic
out breaks can be passed on to Director of
Health and other HODs through 104.
F.3.Fixed Day Health Services – (104):
The Fixed Day Health Services is a Mobile
Health Vehicle based service that provide a
convergence of comprehensive services for
the identification, diagnosis, monitoring and
treatment, record keeping and referral of high
risk cases in each rural habitation to nearest
Government Hospital for management and
advice.
Each Mobile Health Unit is equipped with an
ultrasound machine, an extended roof
canopy, basic laboratory equipment to
perform basic lab tests, a cold chain unit to
store vaccines and blood samples and a
laptop computer to enable store and forward
technologies for improved beneficiary profile
tracking. The vehicle also incorporates a
video projection system for public health
education.
Fixed Day Health Service is a once-a-month
fixed day service at the rural habitations
through a Mobile Health Vehicle. These
Mobile Health Vehicles are serving the Rural
Population of around 4 crores who are
located 3 km beyond a Health Care Delivery
institution such as Primary Health Centres
(PHCs) and Community Health Centres
(CHCs).
The services are being provided through a
Mobile Health Vehicle, which physically
visiting each habitation on a fixed day every
month with a population of 1500 each
according to pre-determined calendar with a
staff of six (6) Para Medics to provide the
following services:
1. Pregnancy monitoring and care
2. Infant and Child health
3. Chronic ailments including National
Health Programmes
4. Enhanced Integrated Disease
Surveillance Programme
5. School Health.
Each mobile health vehicle serves one
habitation in the morning from 8.00 am to
12.00 noon while the other habitation is
served from 1.00 PM to 5.00 PM for 28 days
in a month. At present the services are being
130
 rendered with 475 MHUs in all districts
except Hyderabad.
G. Preconception and Prenatal
Diagnostic Techniques (PCandPNDT):
The Pre-Conception and Pre-natal Diagnostic
Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection)
Act 1994 and Rules 1996 are being
implemented in Andhra Pradesh to prevent
Female foeticide and to improve the female
sex ratio in the State. Under this Act - 3620
Medical Facilities (Scanning Centres) are
registered in Andhra Pradesh as on
31.03.2009. 10 cases are filed so far in
various courts for violation of PC PNDT Act.
The expected Level of achievements and
actual achievements of family welfare
programme and immunization are furnished
in the Annexure 8.11.
***
Rajiv Aarogyasri Health Insurance
Scheme:
8.7 There was a felt need in the State to provide
financial protection to families living below
poverty line for the treatment of serious
ailments such as cancer, kidney failure, heart
diseases etc. Available network of
government hospitals do not have the
requisite pool of specialist doctors to meet
the statewide requirement for such treatment.
Consequently, many such people go to
private hospitals and incur huge costs. In
many cases, patients died in harness unable
to access medical treatment, which is beyond
their means. Mounting medical expenses is
identified as one of the causes leading to
pauperization of the farming community.
Aarogyasri Health Care Trust was therefore,
set up to implement a Community Health
Insurance Scheme named Aarogyasri (now
Aarogyasri-I) to begin with in three districts
of Mahabubnagar, Anantapur, Srikakulam
from 01-04-07. The scheme has since been
extended to the entire State with certain
modifications in a phased manner. The Trust
also established a network of hospitals, fixed
the diagnostic and treatment protocol to keep
the cost of administering the scheme low.
Government and private hospitals fulfilling
minimum qualifications in terms of
availability of inpatient medical beds,
laboratory equipments, operation theatres etc.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
and a track record in the treatment of
specified diseases are enlisted for providing
treatment under the scheme. Premium under
the scheme is fully borne by the
Government.
Salient features of the scheme:
• Provides financial protection upto Rs.
2.00 lakhs to each family in a year for
medical treatment. All BPL ration card
holders (white card) are eligible for the
benefit. Diseases covered include Heart,
Cancer, Neuro Surgery, Renal, Burns
and Poly-trauma cases(330 major
procedures).
• The entire operation is cashless for the
patient from date of reporting to hospital
till discharge. Free diagnostic and
treatment facility is provided for all
patients, irrespective of surgery.
Hospitals have to conduct at least one
free medical camp in a week, thereby
taking advanced evaluation to the
doorstep of patient.
• Cashless arrangement with network
hospitals is one of the key elements of
the scheme, whereby beneficiary once
registered in network hospital does not
have to pay at all for the entire process of
treatment. This has become possible by
evolving package rate, which in addition
to actual cost of treatment includes cost
of conducting health camps, screening of
patients, diagnostics, testing and
treatment, food, transport and follow-up.
• Insurance company undertakes the health
insurance and provides risk cover, on
payment of premium. Selection of
insurance company is done through a
process of competitive bidding (technical
and financial) and quote of lowest
premium.
• The Scheme provides coverage for
meeting expenses of hospitalization and
surgical procedures of beneficiary
members up to Rs.1.50 lakhs per family
per year subject to limits, in any of the
network hospitals. The benefit on family
is on floater basis i.e. the total
reimbursement of Rs.1.50 lakhs can be
availed of individually or collectively by
members of the family.
131
• A separate fund is maintained as
Buffer/corporate floater to take care of
expenses; if it exceeds the original sum
i.e. Rs.1.50 lakhs per Individual/family.
In such cases, an amount upto Rs.50,000
per individual/family is additionally
provided.
• Participating hospitals are required to be
empanelled with selected insurance
company, based on pre-fixed criteria of
availability of infrastructure, equipment
and qualified personnel. Choice of
hospital for treatment from among
empanelled hospitals is given to patient.
Patient facilitation is done through a
dedicated team of Aarogyamitras
(health workers), 24 x 7 Call Center
(Toll Free Number 1800-425-7788) and a
Help Desk at each network hospital.
Treatment is to be provided in hospitals
as per pre-fixed medical protocols.
• All Primary Health Centers (PHCs),
which are the first contact point, are
provided with Aarogyamitra (Health
Workers) selected by women self-help
groups to help illiterate patients.
• The Scheme is implemented on line
through an IT portal for efficiency,
transparency and accountability. An IT
company is engaged to develop and
maintain software, hardware and all data
and medical records pertaining to the
scheme.
Since the coverage of diseases under
Aarogyasri-I was restricted, a large number
of poor patients continued to represent to
provide assistance from Chief Ministers’
Relief Fund (CMRF) for treatment of other
ailments. An assistance of Rs.425 crores was
so far provided in 1.25 lakh such cases from
CMRF in last 4 years to meet part of the
treatment cost. This, however, did not help
30 percent of the rural poor, being unable to
meet balance expenses. The Trust, therefore,
constituted 31 teams of specialist doctors
from government and private hospitals and
analyzed all the diseases afflicting the poor
patients, listed more than 1100 medical and
surgical procedures and finally basing on the
criterion of being emergency and life saving
in nature and such that specialist doctors
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
required for treatment are in shortage in
government hospitals, finalized a further list
of 533 diseases for inclusion in Aarogyasri
scheme (named as Aarogyasri-II).
Aarogyasri-II was launched in the State on
17th April, 2008 at Nellore for cashless
treatment of these additional diseases (389
surgical and 144 medical) thus enable many
more BPL families obtain cashless treatment
and lead a healthy life. Further, based on the
feedback the coverage under the scheme was
extended to another 77 new procedures, in
Obstetrics, Eye, ENT, Cardiology and in life
saving areas in Trauma and Critical care. It is
also extended to fund the Behind- the-Ear,
Analog hearing aid for hearing impaired.
Thus, the total number of diseases covered
under Aarogyasri is 942. While the front end
of both Aarogyasri – I and II schemes viz.
network hospitals, Aarogyamitras, Health
Cards etc., are one, pre-authorization and
claim settlement for Aarogyasri-I scheme is
done by the Insurance company, while for
Aarogyasri-II, it is done by the Trust directly
and funded from CM Relief Fund.
Hospitals are now providing minimum of
25% beds in their hospitals. Beneficiaries are
allowed 48 hours time to produce Health
Card/White Card in case of emergencies.
Government created revolving fund of Rs.10
crores to assist government hospitals to
expand their capacity to treat Heamodialysis
patients. It is decided to retain 20% of
earnings by the Government Hospitals to
create further fund to regularly assist these
hospitals to improve their infrastructure.
Aarogyasri scheme is unique in its
applicability, since no other state/
government agency has provided universal
health coverage to the poor for major
ailments. The entire process from the time of
conduct of health camps to the screening,
testing, treatment, follow-up and claim
payment is made transparent through online
web based processing to prevent any misuse
and fraud. The scheme is complimentary to
facilities available in government hospitals
and put together fully meets the medical
requirements of BPL population.
Government hospitals treating Aarogyasri
132
 patients are entitled to receive same payment
as the private and corporate hospitals.
Government hospitals have obtained
approvals worth Rs.150 crores till date under
the scheme. 65 percent of the revenue goes to
hospital development society and remaining
35 percent to the team of treating doctors and
paramedics as incentive. This system is
motivating more and more government
hospitals to participate in the scheme and
utilize the revenue earned to improve
facilities to provide quality medical care and
thus bring reforms in tertiary medical care.
Officials from several States and foreign
dignitaries have visited the state and
appreciated the efforts. The scheme is
providing much needed help to poor families
for treatment of serious ailments, thereby
saving them from debt-trap. It is also
bringing advanced surgical treatment within
their reach and helping many an invalid
young and elderly patients to resume their
livelihood.
Achievements (as on 14th January 2010)
Since inception (Aarogyasri-I from 1st April,
2007 and Aarogyasri-II from 17th July, 2008)
15,353 Medical camps were held by the
network hospitals in rural areas and 26.81
lakh patients were screened in these health
camps. So far, 7.2 lakh patients treated as
out-patients and 5.7 lakh patients treated as
in-patients in 340 network hospitals under
the scheme. 4.94 lakh patients underwent
surgery/ therapy worth Rs.1478.56 crores.
***
ANDHRA PRADESH VAIDYA
VIDHANA PARISHAD
8.8 Andhra Pradesh Vaidya Vidhana Parishad
(APVVP) was established in November,
1986 to manage secondary level hospitals in
the State. 159 hospitals were developed
under World Bank funding during 1995-
2002. They are provided with new buildings,
minor and major equipment. Staff was given
training in skill updation to better manage the
hospitals and provide patient care.
Subsequently, Primary Health Centres were
transferred to secondary health care and now
there are 233 hospitals spread over the entire
State. Details are shown in Table 8.11.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Table 8.11
Hospitals and Beds
Type of Hospitals Hospitals Beds (No.)
(No.)
District Hospitals 17 4400
Area hospitals 58 5800
Community Health 122 4840
Centers
Specialty Hospitals 10 824
Dispensaries 26 0
Total 233 15864
Source:- AP Vaidya Vidhana Parishad
APVVP Activities:
APVVP Plans, monitors, guides, supports
and evaluates both physical and financial
aspects in the following areas at all the
secondary hospitals that are under its control.
• Maintenance of hospital buildings and
sanitation.
• Provision, maintenance and supervision of
major and minor equipment.
• Provision of drugs and consumables.
• Posting, transfers, training, punishments and
rewards for all employees.
• Review of Hospital performance.
• Allocating funds.
Hospitals Activities:
APVVP hospitals provide the Outpatient
services, Inpatient services (including
emergency and surgical), Diagnostic services
and Laboratory services. Along with the
Primary Health Centres and Teaching
hospitals (Tertiary hospitals), these hospitals
act as a platform for implementation of
various national health programs like
Malaria. Tuberculosis, Family Welfare,
AIDS, etc.
District Hospitals provide service with a bed
strength that ranges from 200-350 and ten
clinical specialities like Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, Pediatrics, General Medicine,
General Surgery, Orthopedics, Dental, ENT
Ophthalmology, Anesthesiology, Radiology
and others.
Area Hospitals provide service with 100 beds
and four clinical specialities like Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Pediatrics, General
Medicine and General Surgery.
Community Health Centres provide service
with 30-50 beds and one clinical speciality.
These hospitals are provided with
professional staff (Doctors, Nurses and
133
 Paramedics) and medical equipment
depending upon their service levels and bed
strength.
The drugs are provided to all the hospitals by
the central drug stores under APHMHIDC as
per the requirements specified by APVVP.
Staff Position:
1,569 Doctors on regular basis and 427
doctors on contract basis, 3,337 regular
Nursing Staff and 343 Nursing Staff on
contract basis, 2,161 regular paramedical
staff and 119 paramedical staff on contract
basis are working in these hospitals.
***
HEALTH
8.9 National Iodine Deficiency Disorders
Control Program
National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control
Program is 100% Centrally Sponsored
Scheme. Iodine Deficiency is the single most
common cause of preventable mental
retardation and brain damage. Iodine
Deficiency in pregnant women may cause
miscarriages, still birth, and birth defects.
Children with Iodine Deficiency grow up
stunted, less active and may retard with
impaired movement or hearing.
Objectives
• To promote awareness on Goitre and
Iodine Deficiency Disorder and their
prevention among people living in endemic
areas.
• To educate the masses to use IodizedSalt.
• To conduct surveys to assess the magnitude
of the Iodine deficiency disorders.
Prevention
• Daily consumption of Iodised Salt prevents
the spectrum of disorders causes due to
Iodine Deficiency.
• The daily requirement of Iodine for adults
is 150m gms.
• Iodization of salt is a low cost. Highly
effective means of prevention of Iodine
Deficiency Disorders.
Action Plan 2009-10:
• Conducting surveys in the district assess
the magnitude of IDD.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• Conducting awareness campaign in the
District to create awareness about IDD and
using of Iodized salt.
• Coordinating with the civil suppliers
department to ensure supply of Iodized salt
through PDS.
Activities and Achievements in 2009-10:
• Distributed 3,333 salt testing kits so far.
• 60654 Samples were tested upto the month
January 2010 and 22,411 samples of
Iodized salts found confirmed to the
standards.
School Health Programme:
The A.P school health programme was
started in 1985. The objectives of the
programme are:
• Promotion of Health of the School going
children.
• Prevention of diseases by early detection
and prompt treatment.
• Health appraisal of the pupils by the
School teachers.
• Preliminary Screening of all the pupils by
the School teachers.
• Quarterly medical examination by the
doctor.
• First-Aid and treatment of minor ailments.
Activities during 2009-10:
• Plan to send the doctor to the Hostels of
SC, ST students for 100% coverage of
SC/ST Boys and Girls.
• Medical officer visits the boarders once a
month whereas the Para Medical Staff
examines the children twice a month.
• During the visits, special attention will be
paid to the following aspects in addition to
the routine examination.
a) Personal Hygiene of the Boarders.
b) Status of Protected water supply.
c) Conduct of Mid day meals
programme.
d) Quantity and Quality of food.
e) Place of Preparation of food and that
of distribution.
f) Conductions of Vessels and other
utensils.
g) Protection of food from flies and
other insects.
h) Availability of toilets, their numbers
and sanitary status.
134
 i) General sanitary environment and
sanitation inside the hostel.
j) Availability of emergency drugs
(Many of Ashram Schools are
provided with some money to
purchase drugs as well as for the
honorarium to engage a doctor on part
time basis.)
k) Availability of mosquito repellants
and nets.
l) To create awareness among the
boarders of SC/ST Hostels on
Preventive Measures of Vector borne
diseases like Malaria, Chikun guniya,
Dengue, Gastroenteritis and Diarrhea
etc.
Achievements during the2009-10 are:
• No of Children Enrolled: 80,39,060
• No of Children examined: 64,77,411
• No of Children treated: 32,88,708
• No of Children referred: 32,190
Performance under school health programme
is given in Annexure 8.12.
Tobacco Related Diseases and Control
Usage of Tobacco and tobacco products
causes a wide range of major diseases i.e.
several types of cancer, heart diseases and
lung diseases. It requires considerable public
support for prevention and control of tobacco
use.
State Government have issued notifications
on prohibition of smoking and health
protection Act with the following objectives.
Objectives:
• To promote awareness in the community
by enlightening the public about the ill
effects of tobacco products.
• To create awareness among teenagers about
the ill effects of using tobacco products.
• Educate public about prevention and
control of deadly diseases caused by the
usages of tobacco products like cancer of
mouth, throat, lung, urinary bladder etc.
Action Plan:
• Intensification of Information, Education
and Communication (IEC) activities to
create awareness on tobacco related
diseases in the community.
• Educate the community not to smoke and
not to use tobacco products.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• 4,284 cases were booked against the
violators on smoking in public places and
penalty also collected.
Diabetic Care and Control Program:
Government have taken up the Diabetic care
and control program with the following
objectives.
• Early detection of the diabetic in the
community
• One day of every month is free for the
diabetic tests in all PHC’s
• To create awareness of the diabetes and its
effects.
• Encouraging public to get diabetic tests
done periodically.
• Extending treatment for positive cases and
making them self monitoring, if necessary,
referring them to referral hospital.
Action Plan:
• To organize Health and other departments
and NGO’s at PHC level/ District level to
create awareness on Diabetes.
• To conduct screening camps for Diabetics
at every PHC on a day in a week/month.
• To supply the required drugs and
equipment to PHC’s/Districts for control of
diabetes.
National Vector Borne Diseases Control
Program (NVBDCP)
Malaria has been a major scourge in India
contributing 17 Million cases and 0.8 Million
deaths every year, prior to the launching of
National Malaria Control Program in 1953.
The National Malaria Eradication Program
was launched in 1958 with encouraging
results in its implementation. The modified
plan of operation stabilized malaria incidence
around 2 million cases annually, since 1977.
Enhanced Malaria Control Project was
introduced in 1997, aided by World Bank,
covering the tribal areas of 10 districts in the
State. The problem is mostly concentrated in
105 Primary Health Centers in Tribal areas
of the State and the project is extended to
128 PHCs including tribal and non-tribal
areas. The program has been changed to
NVBDCP in the year 2004. NVBDCP deals
with Malaria, Japanese Encephalitis,
Suspected Viral Encephalitis, Dengue,
135
Chikungunya, Filaria and Kala azar under an 2004. There are 177 TB Units and 918
umbrella program. DMCs (Designated Microscopy Center) and
Objectives: 80,000 DOT (Directly Observed Treatment)
1.Prevention of deaths due to vector borne centers in the State under the Program.
diseases.
2.Reduction of morbidity. Objectives
Strategies Adopted: • To achieve 90% sputum conversion rate
o Early Diagnosis and Prompt Treatment of and 85% cure rate among new sputum
all vector borne disease cases by weekly/ positive TB cases registered.
fortnightly surveillance, through Para • To detect 70% of the estimated new
Medical Staff. sputum-positive cases after achieving first
o Integrated Vector Control Measures by objective.The performance of RNTCP is
adopting insecticidal spray operations, shown in Table 8.13.
personal prophylactic measures like bed Table 8.13
nets usage, biological control measures Performance of RNTCP
with Gambusia fish release and source New smear
reduction methods. Year
Total case positive Cure rate
o Capacity building by conducting induction detection detection expected (85%)
achieved achieved
and re-orientation level trainings to in-
service staff and other voluntary 2004 105835 44669 84%
2005 108679 44097 84%
organizations useful to the program. 2006 107051 44867 84%
o Intersectoral co-ordination between other 2007 111292 49085 85%
departments and the medical and health 2008 114624 49759 86%
services. 2009
86521 37972 87%
(3rd qtr)
o Health education through Information.
Source: - Health Department
Education and Communication (IEC) to
create awareness among the public
National Program for Control of
regarding the diseases and its prevention
Blindness
and control.
National Program for control of Blindness
Details on Vector borne diseases are shown
was started in 1976 aiming to reduce the
in Table 8.12.
prevalence of Blindness from 1.4% to 0.3%.
Table 8.12
Vector Borne Diseases Disease Control:
2008 2009 • Free Cataract Surgeries, both in
Diseases Government and NGO sector.
Cases Deaths Cases Deaths
Malaria 26,424 0 23,369 3 • Refractive errors detection – School Eye
Screening – Distribution of Free Spectacles
Dengue 313 2 1,190 11
- Special Report on Blind Schools.
Confirmed 5 0 117 0 • Eye Donation and Strengthening of Eye
Chikungunya
Banks.
J.E. 16 0 34 0 • Early detection of Glaucoma and Diabetic
Source: Health Department Retinopathy
TB Control Program • Newly initiated Tele-Ophthalmology by
The Revised National TB Control Program REH-Visakhapatnam to Paderu and
(RNTCP) was launched in the year 1995 with Yelamanchili.
DFID aid. GFATM is aiding the program • DFID –Tribal Eye Care Project by
from November, 2005. APRTSS in all ITDA areas.
The first two districts to start RNTCP in the
state are Hyderabad and Medak in the year Objectives:
1995-96. RNTCP coverage of AP has been 1.To provide high quality of Eye care to the
completed in a phased manner by February affected population.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 136

2.To expand coverage of Eye care services to AIDS CONTROL
the under-served areas. 8.10 A.P. State AIDS Control Society was
Cataract Operations conducted during 2008- registered in September, 1998 for HIV/AIDS
09 and 2009-10 are shown in Table 8.14. (Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus
Table 8.14 /Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome)
Cataract Operations programs. HIV/AIDS has been a constant
% on
Year Target Achievement threat to the country and in particular to the
Target
2008-09 5,50,000 5,82,318 105.9
State, as Andhra Pradesh is one of the six
2009-10 high AIDS prevalent states in India
(Upto 5,50,000 2,95,955 107.62 (Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra,
Sep.09) Manipur and Nagaland). Among these six
Source:- Health Department states, Andhra Pradesh is one with the
highest prevalence rates of 2% among
The target and achievement of School attendees of Ante Natal Clinics and 22.8%
Children Eye Screen during the years 2008- among STD clinic attendees in the year 2005
09 and 2009-10 are shown in Table 8.15. posing a great challenge for prevention and
control of this infection. However, with
Table 8.15 sustained efforts, during the last two years,
School Children Eye Screening (Nos.)
the prevalence rate has come down, and as
2009-10
2008-09
(upto Sep.09) per reports of the year 2008, it is 1% among
Activity
Annual Achievem Annual Achieveme attendees of Anti Natal Clinics. HIV still
Target ent Target nt
Teachers remains a matter of concern among people
11,000 10,828 11,000 3,427
Trained having high-risk behaviour. In order to
School augment the efforts to prevent the further
Children
Screened 9..52 13.92 15.00 7..52 spread of HIV/AIDS, Government have
(in lakh initiated several measures, focusing not only
Nos.) prevention, but also providing services for
School
Children
testing, treatment, care and support to the
detected 66,667 69,111 90,000 34,368 people infected with HIV/AIDS.
with Reff. Out of all the infections, 93.49% was through
Errors
Free
sexual transmission and 92% are in the
Glasses 20,000 33,118 27,000 7,384 reproductive age group of 15-49 years
distributed (Reports by Voluntary Counseling and
Source:- Health Department Testing Centres). The reasons for such high
prevalence of HIV were high non-regular
State Health Education Bureau sexual partners, high prevalence of sexually
The State Health Education Bureau (SHEB) transmitted illnesses, low condom use with
is functioning with the divisions viz., non-regular sexual partners, large migrant
Administrative wing, Training, Student population, and large network of national
Health Education, Media, Educational, Field highways, trafficking of girls and most
Study and demonstration centre and State importantly awareness not resulting in
health museum. behavioural change.
Important activities under SHEB include - As per the latest HIV Sentinel Surveillance,
Preparation of IEC material in Telugu on all 2007, Andhra Pradesh is one of the high
the National Health Programs, Providing prevalent States in the Country in terms of
Technical guidance for Traditional Media, HIV prevalence among the adult population.
and conducting Orientation Training The estimated adult population living with
programs to Para Medical trainees at State HIV/AIDS is 5.4 lakhs. The trend of HIV
Health Museum. prevalence among various groups involved in
the sentinel surveillance is presented in Table
*** 8.16.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 137

 Table 8.16
HIV Prevalence
Risk Group 2005 2006 2007
Antenatal
2.00 1.51
women 1.00
STD patients 22.8 24.0 17.2
Female Sex
12.8 8.8
Workers (FSWs) 8.01
Men-sex-Men
(MSMs) 6.5 10.25 17.24
Source: - AP State Aids Control Society
Mode of Transmission: Out of total HIV
positive cases in 2009-10, (April to
November, 2009) of about 54,000 people,
93.9% were due to hetero-sexual followed by
4.4% parent to child, 0.49% infected syringes
and needles, 0.31% blood and blood products
and 0.9 % non-specified/ unknown reasons.
Policy Initiatives: The National AIDS
Control Programme- Phase III (2007-12) has
commenced on 6th July 2007, to take forward
the initiatives on HIV/AIDS control
programme in the country.
In accordance with the goal of NACP – III,
the State of Andhra Pradesh aims to reverse
the epidemic by aiming to reduce new
infections, as estimated in the first year of the
program, by sixty percent in the State by
2012.
This is aimed to be achieved by introducing
focused prevention interventions by
implementing community-led structural
interventions for key population groups, by
motivating and enabling community
ownership of the HIV/AIDS Programme and
translating awareness and knowledge into
behaviour change with adoption of safe
practices at an individual level.
Strategy for High-risk Population:
The prime strategy of targeted interventions
for high risk population is to achieve
saturated coverage among key population
groups like female sex workers (FSW), male
sex workers (MSW) and men who have sex
with men (MSM) and transgender (TG). The
program will also address the needs of the
bridge population groups (clients/partners of
the key population, like truckers, prison
inmates and migrants). Under Targeted
Interventions, 88% of the Key populations
are covered with programs taken up by
APSACS and partners like BMGF. At
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
present, there are 41 FSW, 7 MSM, 5 IDU
interventions by SACS for High Risk Groups
covering 40% of these populations and the
partners are covering the rest 60% HRGs. In
addition, 12 interventions for migrants and 7
interventions for truckers have also been
started to saturate the coverage of all key
populations. It is estimated that, at present
two lakh persons of the High Risk Groups
are being covered with these interventions.
The mapping of the High Risk Groups has
commenced to estimate the correct picture of
these groups.
Prevention of new infections in general
population:
Prevention among general population is
aimed to be achieved by scaling up
interventions to increase awareness, bring
about community ownership leading to
adoption of safe behaviour. This would be
through effective communication,
community mobilization, advocacy and
sensitization. Partnerships with not-for-
profits and NGOs will also be a crucial
component of the program.
Information Education and
Communication (IEC):
APSACS has taken up intensive campaigns
like AASHA and Be Bold in the past which
were aimed creating 100% awareness on
HIV/AIDS and encourage people to access
the services provided for HIV/AIDS
counseling, testing, care, support and
treatment. While the AASHA Campaigns
generated awareness with people’s
participation in the HIV/AIDS awareness,
‘Be Bold’ campaign resulted in massive
uptake of services. The BSS 2006, indicated
that, more than 90% of people have become
aware of HIV/AIDS as a result of awareness
campaigns, where as the number of people
got tested for HIV to know their services has
increased from 6 lakh per annum from 2006
to more than one million in 2008. It is
estimated that, during 2009-10, more than
two million people would get tested
voluntarily to know their HIV status in the
state. The number of people accessing ART
services and services in CCCs has also
increased to 60,000 in each area.
138
“Mee Nestam” Campaign: Continuing
these efforts and in view of the scaling up of
services like 677 ICTCs, mobile ICTCs, 95
CCCs, 30 ART centres, etc., the ‘Mee
Nestam’ campaign is launched as an
overarching campaign primarily to fight
stigma and discrimination and encourage the
health care providers to offer services in a
friendly and congenial atmosphere.
This is in tune with the strategic program
implementation approach and aimed at
enhancing the participation and ownership
among service providers and the recipients
by launching a brand name and
programmatic medium. ‘Mee Nestam’
campaign, is thus, much different from a
routine IEC campaign launched to bring in
greater awareness about the intervention
available in the community and also to de-
stigmatize the community.
All the service providers are branded as ‘Mee
Nestam’ with badges and all the new
initiatives of APSACS like the Mobile
ICTCs, IEC programs were branded as Mee
Nestam giving all the activities of APSACS a
generic and unified spirit. The campaign thus
strategically helped in establishing linkages
between various services of APSACS.
An interactive tele-in program is started on
Rainbow FM channel called ‘Mee Nestam’
on every Thursday broadcast from 6.00 p.m.
on HIV/AIDS. This program is scaled up and
now on AIR across the state. Similar
programs are aired through private FM
Channels – Radio Mirchi and Big FM
focusing on youth and adolescents.
“AASHAVANI” a bi-monthly news
magazine is published highlighting the
activities of APSACS which disseminates
information to all the stakeholders in the
state. Aiming to reach the un-reached
populations, four ‘Mee Nestam’ mobile
Information, Education and Communication
Vans were started to create awareness among
tribal populations and remote areas.
Adolescence Education Program on
HIV/AIDS in schools and colleges for
students of 9th class and above was held
successfully covering all the schools and
40% of colleges.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Integrated Counseling and Testing
Centres (ICTCs): To encourage voluntary
counseling and testing to know their status,
so that services to stop further infections can
be stepped up, 677 ICTCs, 8 mobile ICTCs,
80 Facility Integrated ICTC in 24 hour
PHC’s, 80 Private sector health facilities
under PPP which offer ICTCandPPTCT
services have been established. Efforts are
being made to increase the number of mobile
ICTCs, Facility Integrated ICTCs and ICTCs
under Public Private Partnership. All these
ICTCs are supported with counselors, lab
technicians, test kits and consumables etc. Of
the 677 ICTCs, 266 located in PHCs and
CHC level are managed by Nurse
Practitioners who provide counseling, testing
and conduct deliveries for HIV+ve women.
The remaining ICTCs are manned by
counselors and LTs.
Blood Safety: To ensure the availability of
safe blood, voluntary blood collection has
also increased to 2,15,000 units during 2009-
10(April to November 09) which is 71% of
the total blood collection in the state during
this year. 208 licensed blood banks are
working in the state where steps are taken to
provide tested safe blood for HIV. 66 Blood
Storage centres were also started and 25
Blood banks are provided with Blood
Component Separation units.
Early STI (Sexually Transmitted
Infection) Detection and Treatment: There
are 85 STD clinics functioning at present in
the state. 100 more STD clinics are started
during the year 2008-09. Counselors are
placed in the Govt. STD Clinics in the state.
Color Coded Drugs were introduced for
Syndromic Case Management of STD cases
in the state.
Antiretroviral Treatment: More than
60,000 AIDS patients are being provided
with the Anti Retroviral Therapy medicines
free of cost in 31 ART Centres in the state. In
addition to 14 link ART Centres, it is
proposed to start 26 more Link ART Centres
to increase the access to ART medicines in
rural areas to AIDS patients. 2nd line of ART
medicines are also started on a pilot basis in
Hyderabad for the first time in the state.
139
Care and Support Centres: The number of
community care centres to provide treatment
to People Living with HIV/AIDS has been
increased to 95 and more than 60,000
patients have accessed the services during the
year 2009-10 so far.
PLHA (People Living with HIV/AIDS)
Network: Under Greater Involvement of
People Living with HIV/AIDS, a new wave
has been created in the state to involve more
PLHAs to participate in all HIV/AIDS
initiatives in the State. So far, around 80,000
PLHAs have been motivated to become
members of this network to work towards
reducing stigma and discrimination.
Mainstreaming: Under mainstreaming
efforts, a new program called “Abhaya” has
been started in association with Andhra
Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation to
provide HIV/AIDS prevention, testing and
treatment services to the RTC employees and
their families. Similarly, “Raksha”
programme was started in Prisons with HIV
testing centres in 7 Prison Hospitals and 25
counselors in prisons. During 2009-10, more
than 40,000 persons were reached with
messages and 120 Prisoners have been
identified with HIV infection so far. To train
60,000 Anganwadi Workers on HIV/AIDS
and engage them in the prevention of mother
to child transmission, ‘Jagruti’ programme
has been started in association with Women
and Child Development Department.
District Project Management: Under a new
initiative, “District AIDS Prevention Control
Units” (DAPCUs) were established in all the
districts for convergence with NRHM and
decentralizing the programme
implementation and all the posts in DAPCUs
were filled as sanctioned by the Govt.
Identity cards and Pensions to People
Living with HIV/AIDS:
“SAHARA” Identity cards for the patients
receiving the Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART)
medicines are provided, which would help
them to access the benefits provided by the
Govt. like concessions for travel, priority in
housing schemes and pensions etc., without
any stigma or discrimination. More than
24,000 persons receiving the ART medicines
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
are issued with the SAHARA Identity cards
so far.
Pensions to the AIDS patients receiving
ART have been announced by the
Government @ Rs.200/- per month for
Below Poverty Line families along with
Health Insurance Cards/White Ration Cards
on par with other social welfare pensions.
It is envisioned that, by the end of the year
2010, there will be increased access to
voluntary HIV testing, STD treatment,
condom usage, treatment for opportunistic
infections and availability of ART
medicines, besides reduction of stigma and
discrimination.
***
WOMEN DEVELOPMENT AND
CHILD WELFARE
8.11 The activities of Women Development and
Child Welfare Department can be broadly
classified into three Categories.
• Management of the Institutions for the
welfare of Women and Children in need.
• Implementation of the ICDS Programme
universalized throughout the state with
385 ICDS Projects covering all Mandals.
• To take care of the Social, Legal and
Empowerment issues relating to Women
and Children.
In each erstwhile Block, one ICDS Project is
functioning, headed by CDPO. The CDPO is
in-charge of implementation of all ICDS
Services, Social and Empowerment issues
Women and Children in 3 to 4 Mandals in
the Project area assisted by 5 to 8
Supervisors depending on number of AWCs
sanctioned in the Project. At each
Village one or more AWCs are functioning.
Programmes and Schemes:
Institutions:
The Department is running 93 Institutions for
Children and 35 Institutions for Women to
cater to the needs of Children and Women in
difficult circumstances.
Women Institutions:
Service Homes:
Five Service Homes are functioning in the
state at Kannapuram (West Godavari District),
Nellore, Anantapur, Warangal and Hyderabad.
140
At present, there are 354 inmates as against
the sanctioned strength of 730. These Homes
are meant for rehabilitation of socially and
economically deprived categories of Women
in the age group of 18-35 years. The inmates
are provided necessary training for skill
upgradation in various trades and condensed
courses for appearing in 7th and 10th Class.
Food, shelter, clothing and medical care is
provided in the Home.
State Homes:
Four State Homes are functioning in the state
at Srikakulam, Rajahmundry, Mahabubnagar
and Hyderabad with 152 inmates as against
the sanctioned strength of 375. These Homes
are meant for Women discharged from
correctional Institutions and Women who are
unable to protect themselves. Food, shelter
and clothing are provided besides imparting
training in various trades for self-
employment, wage employment / job
employment.
Rescue Home:
One Rescue Home is functioning in
Hyderabad with 24 inmates as against the
sanctioned strength of 30. Women who are
rescued by the Police and are facing trial in
the court are given shelter during the trial
period. They are provided shelter, food,
clothing, medical and training in skill
development.
Homes for Aged:
There are two Homes functioning in the State
at Hyderabad and Chittoor with 51 inmates at
present, against the sanctioned strength of
60(30 each). These Homes provide peaceful
and comfortable living for the Old destitute
Women of above 60 years of age with food,
shelter and clothing.
Homes for Collegiate Girls:
There are 6 Homes functioning in the State at
Vizianagaram, Tanuku, Guntur, Tirupati,
Warangal and Hyderabad with 228 inmates at
present, as against the sanctioned strength of
250. Inmates of Children Homes who passed
10th Class and in 15-25 years age group are
admitted in these Homes to pursue higher
studies and they are allowed to stay for a
maximum period of 5 years.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Working Women's Hostels:
16 Hostels are functioning in the State with
977 inmates at present, as against the
sanctioned strength of 890. These Hostels
provide food, shelter and security to the
Middle Class working Women. Those who
earn monthly income of less than Rs.5,000/-
are eligible for admission in Class ‘A’ cities
and Rs.4,500/- are eligible for admission in
other cities and towns. The inmates
contribute mess charges and other
administrative expenditure i.e., water and
electricity.
Smt. Durgabai Women's Technical
Training Institute:
The institute is located at Ameerpet,
Hyderabad. The institute provides Diploma
courses in Civil, Architecture, Computer and
Electronics, instrumentation courses. The
students are selected by the Director of
Technical Education through the Common
Entrance Test. Sanctioned strength in Civil
and Architecture Courses is 60 each and in
Computer and Electronics and
Instrumentation Courses is 40 each.
Children Institutions:
Children Homes:
There are 81 Children Homes functioning in
the State. The sanctioned strength of each
Home is 60. As against the total sanctioned
strength of 5,330, there are 5,054 children
admitted.
For overall improvement of Children’s
knowledge, certain innovative schemes were
introduced in Children Homes viz.,
Computer Training / Sports Yoga / special
coaching for 6th to 10th Classes/ Bul Buls and
guides, training in creative arts etc.
Up to 2007-08, the Diet charges are provided
to child @ of Rs.338/- per month upto 7th
class and @ Rs.412/- per month per boarder
from 8th to 10th class. The Diet charges have
been enhanced on par with Social Welfare
Department in June, 2008 @ Rs.475/- per
child upto 7th class and @ Rs.535/- per
month per child for students from 8th to 10th
class.
Sishuvihar/Sisugruhas: In the
Sishuvihars and Sisugruhas, abandoned
infants and orphans below six years of age
are admitted. The Children of Sishuvihar are
141
being given for legal adoption to Childless started in 1975-76 in 2 Blocks of the State on
couples. There are two Sishuvihars in the a pilot basis. The concept of
State. One at Hyderabad and the other at Universalisation of ICDS with quality and
Chittoor. The sanctioned strength of each the revised norms of AWCS / ICDS in April,
Sishuvihar is 30. The Sishuvihar, Hyderabad 2007 increased the spread of ICDS. The
is accommodating more than 150 Children at details are shown in Table 8.17.
a time irrespective of sanctioned strength.
The present strength in Sisuvihar Chittoor is Table 8.17
15. During 2009(upto Nov.), 217 Children ICDS Projects
Total No.
are given for adoption for Childless couple. Perio of Urban Rural Tribal Mini
d Projects AWC
Government of India Grant-in-Aid / AWCs
Projects
The Department of Women and Child
Up to 363 34 300 29
Development, Government of India have 2005
formulated schemes for the development of AWCs
Women and Children for improving their 66,101 5,798 55,765 4,538 4,211
overall quality of life. The schemes are Projects
implemented through NGO’s, Corporations By 385 56 300 29
2008 AWCs
etc. The details of schemes, for which
73,944 7,021 61,880 5,043 6,479
financial assistance is given by Women and
Source: Women Development and Child Welfare
Child Welfare Department, Government of
Dept.
India are:
Short Stay Homes for Women and Girls:
Services provided by ICDS Scheme
The Home provides counseling and guidance, • Supplementary Nutrition to 6 months to 6
medical and psychiatric check-up and years aged children, Pregnant and
treatment, development of skills and Lactating Mothers.
rehabilitation to women and girls in moral • Immunization to Children and Women.
danger, family discord, emotional • Health check-ups to Children and
disturbances etc. The total Short Stay Homes Women.
in the state are 40.The sanctioned strength of • Referral services to Children and
each Home is 30. Women.
Swadhar Shelter Homes for Women in • Nutrition and Health Education to
difficult circumstances: Mothers and Adolescent Girls.
The Scheme for Women in difficult • Non-formal Pre-School Education to 3-6
circumstances aims at covering primary years Children.
needs of shelter, food, clothing, care besides Supplementary Nutrition Programme:
emotional support, counseling and a package Supplementary Nutrition Programme is
for rehabilitation and reintegration being implemented in 385 ICDS Projects
specifically for the women and girls rescued covering 73,944 Anganwadi Centers. At
from trafficking. present the coverage of beneficiaries under
The Home strength is ranging from 50 - 200 SNP component is 76 (average by saturation)
beneficiaries. 32 Swadhar Shelter Homes are for 1,000 population. Government of A.P.
sanctioned. Out of that, 31 Homes are run by have accorded permission to incur the
NGO’S and 1 Home is under the control of expenditure on SNP under ICDS Scheme as
Women Development and Child Welfare, per GOI revised norms.
Hyderabad.
Integrated Child Development Services Modified Therapeutic Food:
The A.P. Foods (Govt. under taking)
The ICDS Scheme is a centrally sponsored
prepares and distributes the food in 222
scheme and is the single largest integrated
ICDS Projects.
programme of child development. It was

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 142

The Modified Therapeutic Food is being
supplied to the age group of 6 months to 3
years children. Modified Therapeutic Food
containing Roasted Wheat Flour, Sugar, Full
Fat Soya Flour, Vanaspathi and Fortified
with Vitamins, Minerals. 110 grams of food
is being given to children as Take Home
Ration and it contains 490 K.Cal and 14
grams of protein and Double ration is being
provided to malnourished children.
Hot Cooked Food:
Instant hot food mixes i.e., Upma mix, Halwa
Mix and Kichidi Mix is being provided to the
ICDS beneficiaries to the age group of 3 to 6
years children and Pregnant and Lactating
mothers.
Local Food Model:
Local Food Model is implemented in 159
ICDS Projects with a view to enhance the
community ownership of the SNP and also to
improve the quality and acceptability of SNP
by the beneficiaries. Hot Pongal, Broken
Wheat Kichidi, and Snack Food with
required calories of Protein are provided.
Community Managed SNP:
The Community Managed SNP has been
started to enhance the target community
ownership of the SNP component of
ICDS in collaboration of CARE A.P. in 4
ICDS Projects in 2002 i.e., Siricilla,
Vemulawada, Kunavaram and Tirupati.
Mothers committees prepare food and supply
to the A.W Centers. They are supplying
Jowar Mix containing Jowar, Groundnuts,
Roasted Chenna and Sugar.
Nutrition Progamme for Adolescent Girls
Under National Nutrition Mission, assistance
is provided to nutritionally backward
districts. The programme is being
implemented in two districts of Adilabad and
Mahabubnagar in the State. Selection of
beneficiaries will be done in grama -Sabhas
on the basis of weight monitoring on
quarterly basis.
Each undernourished Adolescent Girl below
35 Kgs weight would be provided 6 kgs rice
per month. If any beneficiary crosses the
cutoff point, they will be out of this
programme.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
The beneficiaries covered under the scheme
for the year 2008-09 is 2,20,843 in Adilabad
and 2,32,716 in Mahabubnagar district.
Early Childhood Care and Education
(ECCE):
The main objective of this programme is to
cater to the needs of the development of
children in the age group of 3-6 years. Pre-
school education aims at ensuring holistic
development of the children and to provide
learning environment to children which is
conducive for promotion of social,
emotional, cognitive and aesthetic
development of the child.
The Pre-school activities strengthen the child
to get ready for primary school education
with required skills to performance better
candidate for school entry and also better
performance for regular attendance in school.
It aims at improving school enrolment and
school retention in rural areas, relieve the
older sibling mostly girls from the burden of
child care and enable her to attend school and
to prepare the children to adjust to formal
school going.
The Pre-school material like story cards,
charts, indoor and outdoor play material,
color concept, puzzles, school readiness kit,
Activity kits etc are supplied to all the
Anganwadi Centres every year at a cost of
Rs.600 per AWC as per GOI norms.
To make pre-school more effective
orientation training programmes are
conducted and trained all 2,200 Supervisors,
400 CDPOs, 23 PDs and 6 RDDs on
implementation of curriculum at AWCs.
Arranged demo classes and involved 60
AWTCs and 4 MLTCs Instructors to make
the orientation session more effective.
20.10 lakh Children are attending Pre-school
Education activities in Anganwadi Centres.
New Girl Child Protection Scheme 2005:
Objectives of the Scheme:-
• To eliminate prejudice against the girl
child through direct investment from the
Government.
• To encourage enrolment of the girl child
in school and to ensure her education at
least up to the Intermediate level.
143
• To encourage girls to get married only
after the age of 18 years (which is the
prescribed statutory limit).
• To reduce school drop out rate among the
girls.
• To encourage parents to adopt family
planning norms with two girl children.
• To provide social and financial
empowerment to the girl child.
• Eliminate all forms of discrimination
against the girl child.
• Eliminate negative cultural attitudes and
practices against girls.
• Promote and protect the rights of the girl
child and increase awareness of her needs
and potential.
• Eliminate discrimination against girls in
education and provide skill development
and training.
• Eliminate discrimination against girls in
health and nutrition.
• Strengthen the role of the family in
improving the status of the girl child.
Salient Features:
1. Families having undergone Family
Planning operation with annual
income below Rs.20,000/- per annum for
Rural areas and Rs.24,000/- per annum
for Urban areas and having single girl
child from 0-3 years of age will be
given first priority. Among these
categories, preference shall be given to
the victims of atrocities of trafficking and
prostitution.
2. Second priority will be for families
having two-girl children out of which
the age of the second girl child should not
be more than 3 years.
3. The age of the child on the date of
application shall be the criterion
for determining the eligibility of the child
for the benefit under the Scheme.
a) In case of single girl child she is
entitled to receive Rs.1.00 lakh after
completion of 20 years of age.
b) In case of two girl children, both of
them are entitled to receive Rs.30,000/-
each after completion of 20 years of
age.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
4. The girl child is entitled to receive
Rs.1200/- per annum as scholarship from
9th to 12th class as a benefit under the
scheme.
5. Risk coverage for life insurance of the girl
child will commence from the age of 3
years.
Special Dispensation for Orphans and
Destitutes:
1. ‘Orphan’ defines a girl child not having
both parents. Destitute will mean girl
child from a BPL Family not having
either of the parents or trafficked girls
etc., forsaken by their family/parents.
2. All such destitutes or orphans who have
not crossed 18 years as on May 2008 will
be eligible for the benefits under Girl
Child Protection Scheme. The benefit of
“Jana Shree Bhima Yojana” and
“Shiksha Sahyog Yojana” as per
eligibility will be applicable as per
guidelines of existing Girl Child
Protection Scheme.
3. The condition of formal education will be
relaxed in respect of orphans, destitutes
and differently abled girls, who are born
before May, 2005. Those girls who do
not pursue education beyond 8th class
will naturally not be eligible for
education scholarships.
4. Therefore, all destitutes orphans and
differently abled girls born after May
2005 shall also necessarily be enrolled in
a school and continue up to, XII class to
be eligible for the benefit under GCPS.
These shall apply to all girl children
including Orphans, destitute and Disabled
girls. In case of abandoned orphan children,
the head of the institutions based on a
medical certificate shall ensure the birth
registration is completed. In case the caste is
unknown, the caste of all such children shall
be recorded as “Casteless”.
Special Dispensation for Disabled Girls
1. Differently abled girls will include
mentally challenged girls as per the
criteria of disability as prescribed by the
Government from time to time.
2. All such disabled girls who have not
crossed 18 years of age as on MAY, 2008
will be eligible for the benefits under
144
 GCPS. The benefit of “Jana Sree Bhima abled girls as specified supra, subject to all
Yojana” and “Siksha Sahyog Yojana” other conditions being continued at present.
Scheme as per eligibility will be Additional conditions for eligibility under
applicable as per guidelines of existing GCPS for all girls w.e.f., June 2008.
GCPS. 1. All girl children born after June, 2008
3. The condition of formal education is shall have to register their Birth under
relaxable in respect of Disabled girls, RBD (Registration of Birth and Death),
who are born before May 2005. Those Act.
girls who do not pursue education beyond 2. All girl children born after June, 2008
8th class will naturally not be eligible for should complete the immunization as
Education Scholarships. per schedule.
4. Therefore, all differently abled born after Details of Girl Child Protection Scheme are
May 2005 shall necessarily have to be shown in Table 8.18.
enrolled in a school and continued upto Table 8.18
XII class to be eligible for the benefit Girl Child Protection Scheme
under GCPS. No. of Beneficiaries under GCPS
Year Single Girl Two Girl Total
Relaxation of Education, Income and Girl
Sibling Conditions For Severely Disabled 2005-06 5217 36838 42055
Girls:
2006-07 7421 78506 85927
2007-08 7205 89283 96488
1. Those who pursue education after 8th
class will be eligible for the scholarships 2008-09 2484 28610 31094
2009-
under Shiksha Sahyog Yojana as
10(upto 3799 43793 47592
prescribed under Girl Child Protection 11/09)
Scheme. Total 26126 277030 303156
2. Those girls whose disability is more than Source: Women Development and Child Welfare
80% shall accordingly be eligible for the Department.
benefits under Girl Child Protection
Scheme provided the income of their Domestic Violence Act 2005 and Rules
Parents / Guardian from all sources does 2006 (Central Act No.43 of 2005)
not exceed Rs.1.00 lakh per annum. This Initiatives by the Andhra Pradesh
is a special dispensation only to severely Government:
differently abled girls. The Protection of Women from Domestic
3. In respect of severely Disabled Girls Violence, Act – 2005 and Rules 2006 has
(more than 80% disability) the condition come into effect from 25th October, 2006.
of the Girl Child being either single or • 104 Protection Officers Appointed.
two girls alone shall not apply. A Girl • 77 Shelter Homes identified.
with one or two male siblings will also be • 72 Service Providers Registered.
eligible for the benefit of Girl Child • 4,117 Cases Booked and DIRs Filed.
Protection Scheme. • 410 Interim Orders and 813 Final Orders
4. Separate guidelines issued on the mode of Pronounced.
payments of maturity amount of • 2 Counsellors, 2 Home-Guards and One
Rs.30,000/- / Rs.1.00 lakh to the girls DEO Sanctioned for each district.
/girls child as case may be, on attaining Initiatives Under Anti-Trafficking
the age of 20 by the Government in • 34 Swadhar Homes are sanctioned by
consultation with CEO, IKP (Self help GOI to ensure rehabilitation of
groups) etc., VOCSETs (Victims of Commercial
Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking )
These relaxation / special dispensation may • 842 VOCSETs are provided vocational
be extended to orphans / destitutes differently trainings in various trades along with job

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 145


• 35,012 Balika Mandals have been formed
to create awareness on Anti-Trafficking
issues and 31,465 Community Vigilant
Groups have been formed to prevent
trafficking of women and children at
village level.
Construction of AWC Buildings
• 14,668 AWC Buildings are so far
constructed with State funds in the last 10
years (20% of the total AWCs) with
World Bank Assistance and 15% General
Funds of Zilla Parishads.
• 1,976 AWC Buildings are sanctioned
with an outlay of Rs.56.32 Crores under
NABARD during 2007-2008.
• 2,500 AWC Buildings sanctioned with an
outlay Rs.100.00 Crores during 2009-
2010.
• 4,530 Buildings are sanctioned under
Backward Region grant fund with an
outlay of Rs.129.00 Crores during 2007-
2008. The work is in progress.
• 81 Model Anganwadi Buildings are taken
up by the Department during 2009-2010.
Initiatives:
To reach Millennium Development Goals, a
State Plan of Action for children “Ensuring
child well – being 2007 – 2010 is prepared.
The objectives set for reducing the IMR,
CMR and MMR are:
1. Universalisation of Integrated Child
Development Services through out the
state.
2. Ensure 100% Cholostrum feeding within
1 hr.
3. Ensure 100% awareness on best infant
and young child feeding practices.
4. Ensure management of neonatal and
childhood illnesses.
5. Universalizing Immunization to all
children < 2 yrs.
6. Improving the nutrition status of pregnant
and nursing mothers and young girls.
7. Improving the standards of Growth
Monitoring according to new WHO
growth standards.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Strategy
1. ICDS Services taken up through
Campaign Mode to reach the un reached
and Vulnerable communities (Nov. 08 to
Dec.09).
2. Intensive training on Infant and Young
Child feeding Practices and early
childhood education and creating
awareness to family members.
3. Attempts to improve monitoring and
accountability through accreditation and
technical support.
Pre-School Education
ƒ A.P. is the only State to have developed
and launched an activity based Pre-school
curriculum to promote holistic
development in children.
ƒ Organized (4) days refresher training in
AWTCs and MLTCs for AWW, AWH and
Supervisors totalling to 84,137 during 2008
- 2009 and upto October, 2009.
ƒ Pre-school kit containing Kanjeera
(Daphli), Story Books, Conversational
Charts, Sequential Cards, Indoor Games –
one Fish Pond and Fishes (3 Sets of Fishes
for Alphabets in Local Language i.e.,
Telugu, English and numbers from 1-10)
and second flash cards on Alphabets and
numbers are supplied to all AWCs
ƒ Imparted Master Trainers Training to 132
functionaries i.e., Supervisors, AWWs and
Instructors of Training Centers for 16 days
through ‘SODHANA’ – Charitable Trust,
Vizianagaram during 2008-2009.
ƒ Introduced award of Pre-school
Certificates to all children with effect from
2009.
ƒ Proposal to appoint local tribal girls as
Supervisors providing 1 year diploma
training in home science college is under
active consideration
ƒ Proposal to introduce to self Appraisal and
accreditation of AWCs and Sectors is
under finalization for being introduced as
a pilot project
Monitoring System
1. Five Protocols developed to improve
delivery of services:
• Fixed Nutrition and Health Day.
146
 • Prioritized home visits. Achievements
• Supportive supervisory visit. ƒ Government have enhanced the Diet
• Structured sector meeting. charges to the inmates and boarders
• Commodity supply chain staying in hostels, homes, residential
management. schools and attached hostels of training-
2. Grading Anganwadi Centers basing on cum-production centre for disabled
their capabilities and thereby identify persons from Rs.338/- p.m. to Rs.473/-
their training needs. p.m. for boarders up to 7th class and from
3. For immediate access to information and Rs.412/- p.m. to Rs.535/- p.m. for
analysis of data GMIS Monitoring is boarders from 8th to Intermediate from
introduced in Hyderabad District and the academic year, 2008-09.
proposed to scale up to 4 districts. ƒ The cosmetic charges given to hostel
boarders are also increased from Rs.20/-
*** to Rs.50/- for boys/men and from Rs.25/-
DISABLED WELFARE to Rs.75/- for girls/women. The stitching
8.12 As per the ‘Persons with Disability charges are increased from Rs.20/- per
(equal opportunities, protection of rights and pair to Rs.40/- per pair. Hair cut charges
full participation) Act, 1995’, disability are increased from Rs.5/- to Rs.12/-.
means - the persons with blindness, low ƒ The number of uniforms supplied is
vision, leprosy cured, hearing impairment, increased from 2 to 4 pairs per annum per
locomotor disability, mental retardation and boarder from the year 2008-09. The
mental illness. As per 2001 Census, the amount for supply of one set of bedding
disabled population in Andhra Pradesh is material is increased from Rs.120/- p.a.
13,64,991. to Rs.300/- p.a. Additional toilets and
An independent Corporation in 1981 and a bathrooms are provided in Hostels.
separate department in the year 1983 were ƒ Enhanced the amount of marriage
established to look after the welfare of incentive award from Rs.3,000 to
disabled in the state. The department is Rs.10,000 for the marriages between
working towards implementation of Persons differently abled persons and normal
with Disabilities Act, 1995 and National persons.
Trust Act, 1999 and ensures multi-sectoral ƒ Extended the benefits like pensions,
coordination with various Government scholarships, IAY houses, economic
departments for Prevention, Early support schemes etc., to the disabled
identification and detection, Education, persons.
Employment, Rehabilitation, Mainstreaming, ƒ Direct loans are being sanctioned to
Networking and monitoring of Government severely challenged students studying
of India grant-in-aid projects of NGOs. post graduate and professional courses to
Category wise Disabled Population in purchase motorized vehicles,
Andhra Pradesh is as shown in Table 8.19. sophisticated prosthetic aids etc.
ƒ Enhanced the Post-matric scholarships,
Table 8.19 re-imbursement of tuition fees and
Category wise Disabled Population (2001 Census) special fees to disabled students on par
Category Population Percentage
with scheduled castes students from the
(Nos.Lakhs)
Visually Impaired 5.82 42.60 year 2008-09.
Mentally Retarded 1.55 11.37 ƒ Enhanced the annual income ceiling of
Orthopaedically 4.16 30.47 the parents from Rs.12,000 to
Impaired Rs.1,00,000 for the educational schemes
Speech Impaired 1.39 10.18 implemented by the department.
Hearing Impaired 0.73 5.38 ƒ Laptops are being provided to visually
Total 13.65 100.00
Source:-Disabled Welfare Department
challenged students which will be an
assistive device for promoting access to

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 147

 quality education and enhancing their
professional skills.
Programmes Implemented:
Education
• Maintenance of 40 hostels and 3 homes
with a sanctioned strength of 4215.
• 11 Residential Schools (6 for Hearing
Impaired and 5 for Visually Impaired)
with a sanctioned strength of 1850.
• 2 Residential Junior Colleges, one for
hearing impaired and another for visually
impaired with a sanctioned strength of 60
each.
• 7 KGBV schools for disabled girls.
• A training Centre to train the teachers of
visually impaired persons is established
and functioning in Hyderabad.
• Tuition fee reimbursement to the students
studying Post metric courses.
• Sanction of 2,852 pre-matric scholarships
and 399 post-matric scholarships to the
students up to Dec,09.
• Sanction of 700 scholarships to Mentally
Retarted Students up to Dec,09 as against
the annual target of 2055.
Social Security
• Sanctioned subsidy @ Rs.3000/- each to
1,695 disabled persons under economic
rehabilitation scheme up to Dec,09 as
against the annual target of 6600
beneficiaries.
• Sanctioned Incentive Awards for
marriages between disabled and normal
persons for 295 persons @ Rs.10,000/-
• Sanction of Petrol subsidy to the disabled
persons who are having motorized
vehicles.
A.P.Vikalangula Cooperative Corporation
The Corporation has taken up the following
rehabilitation programmes.
1. Supply of Prosthetic Aids and Mobility
Aids.
2. Supply of educational aids to individuals
and institutions.
3. Facilities to impart training in various
technical and non-technical trades.
4. Organizing employment generation
production units with assured market for
products.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
5. Creating awareness among parents for
early detection and stipulation and
treatment of various disabilities.
The following schemes are being
implemented by the A.P.Vikalangula
Cooperative Corporation.
Rehabilitation and supply of Prosthetic
aids:
The A.P.Vikalangula Cooperative
Corporation is supplying aids and appliances
like tricycles, wheel chairs, calipers,
crutches, artificial limbs etc. to the needy
disabled persons.
Sound Library:
Tape Recorders and cassettes with lessons
recorded for intermediate and above classes
are supplied to visually disabled students to
pursue their studies.
Braille Press:
The Corporation prints and supplies the
braille books to school going visually
disabled students from 1st Class to 10th Class.
Training:
Imparting training to disabled persons in
I.T.I. and Non-I.T.I. trades in the Training-
cum-Production Centers (TCPCs) established
in 11 districts in the State.
***
BACKWARD CLASSES WELFARE
8.13 Backward Classes population falls under
135 communities pursuing traditional
activities such as cattle and sheep rearing,
toddy tapping, earth works, fishing, weaving,
goldsmith, blacksmith, brass smith,
carpentry, stone carving, laundry, pottery, oil
pressing, basketry, hair dressing, tailoring
and dyeing etc.
Hostels: Hostels have been opened for
providing free boarding and lodging to
enable B.C. students to pursue their Pre-
Matric studies. Rs.475/- per month for III to
VII class boarders, and Rs.535/- per month
for VIII to X class boarders is being paid
towards diet charges per boarder, besides
cosmetics at the rate of Rs.50/- per month for
boys and Rs.55/- per month for girls up to
class VII and Rs.75/- per month for Girls
from class VIII to X class. Boarders are also
supplied Note Books and four pairs of
dresses every year. At present, there are
148
1,422 Govt. B.C. hostels (1,102 hostels for Students are sanctioned on par with Social
boys and 320 hostels for girls) including 14 Welfare Dept., for category “A” students
hostels for De-notified and Nomadic Tribes. from the year 2008-09. The income limit of
A total strength of 1,73,086 boarders were Parents/Guardians of BC Students for getting
admitted in the B.C. hostels during 2008-09 scholarships and other educational benefits
and 1,78,969 have been admitted during has been revised. The present ceiling of
2009-10. All these hostels have a Rs.33,500/- per annum for getting
combination of 76% Backward Classes, 10% scholarships in non professional courses and
Scheduled Castes, 5% Scheduled Tribes, 3% the ceiling of Rs.44,500/- per annum for
Minorities and 6% other castes for the obtaining scholarships in Professional
purpose of Social Integration. Out of 1,422 courses has been enhanced to Rs.1,00,000/-
hostels, 802 hostels are located in per annum for both professional and non
Government buildings. Out of the remaining professional courses. Further, the scholarship
hostels, 135 buildings are under construction rates have been enhanced on par with Social
under Matching Grant Programme and under Welfare and Tribal Welfare Departments.
Centrally Sponsored Scheme to provide a 9,77,536 students were sanctioned Post
clean and healthy atmosphere to the boarders Matric Scholarships during the year 2008-09
of hostels. Still, 485 buildings are to be and 4,16,673 students were sanctioned
constructed. during 2009-10 upto December 2009.
Results of X Class Students in B.C. Welfare Similarly, 10,03,118 students have been
Hostels is shown in the Table 8.20. sanctioned Reimbursement of Tuition Fee
Table 8.20 during the year 2008-09 and 1,67,591
Results of X Class Students students were sanctioned Reimbursement of
in B.C. Welfare Hostels
Tuition Fee during the year 2009-10 upto
Year Results in Hostels State Average
(%) (%) December 2009.
2005 77.67 72.41 College Girls Hostels
2006 77.75 73.16 To encourage the BC Girls to pursue higher
2007 78.36 71.65 education, 300 new BC college girls hostels
2008 83.32 75.47 are opened @ one in each Assembly
2009 85.46 78.83
constituency in the State with a sanctioned
Source: Backward Classes Welfare Department
strength of 100 boarders per hostel during the
Residential Schools: 44 B.C. Residential
year 2008-09.
Schools (28 for Boys and 16 for Girls) with a
Out of 323 (23 BC Girls Hostels were
total strength of 14,792 students are
permitted to be converted as College Girls
functioning in the state. Results of X Class
Hostels during the year 2005-06, but only 15
Students in Residential Schools is shown in
were converted and 300 newly sanctioned
the Table 8.21.
Table 8.21
College Girls Hostels during 2008-09), 265
Results of X Class Students hostels have been started upto December
in B.C. Welfare Residential Schools 2009 with an admitted strength of 11,137.
Year Results in Res. State Average
Schools (%) (%) AP Study Circles for BCs
2005 98.93 72.41 There are 8 BC Study Circles functioning in
2006 99.60 73.16 the State to provide free coaching facilities to
2007 99.54 71.65 eligible BC unemployed graduates and Post
2008 99.24 75.47 graduates, who are appearing for various
2009 99.60 78.83 competitive examinations like Civil Services,
Source:Backward Classes Welfare Department
State Group-I, Group-II and other
examinations and also Government have
Post-Matric Scholarships and sanctioned 7 new study circles. From the
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee year 2007-08, new courses in the BPO sector
Post Matric Scholarships and Reimbursement have been started in the AP Study Circles.
of Tuition fee and Spl. Fee to all eligible BC Training in medical transcription and

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 149

Computer animation skills have been started
in Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam and Anantapur
Study circles for 60 students in each course
and also industrial automation course has
been started for B.E., B.Tech., and Diploma
holders at Hyderabad. 4,886 students have
been benefited during the year 2008-09 and
2892 students were benefited during the year
2009-10 upto December 2009. It is also
proposed to give training in GATE and CAT
for BC Engineering students to obtain better
grades.
A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
Finance Corporation
The A.P.Backward Classes Cooperative
Finance Corporation Ltd., Hyderabad was
established in the year 1974 for the economic
upliftment of the Backward Classes in the
state. The Corporation is implementing the
following schemes.
1. Margin Money
2. Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana
Margin Money (2009-10):
Margin Money Programme is aimed at
providing financial assistance to the B.C.
beneficiaries in the activities under
Agriculture and Allied Sectors, Small
Business and Industry, Service and Transport
Sectors. The scheme was implemented upto
the year 2007-08 with 20% Margin Money
from Corporation, 70% Bank Loan and 10%
Beneficiary Contribution.
From the year 2008-09 onwards, the funding
pattern of the scheme has been revised with
subsidy component from Corporation. The
funding pattern of the restructured scheme is
as follows.
1. Subsidy of 50% unit cost not exceeding
Rs.30,000/- per beneficiary.
2. 10% of the unit cost as beneficiary
contribution.
3. 40% or balance unit cost as Bank Loan.
4. The benefit of the scheme of “Pavala
Vaddi” as applicable to the Women Self
Help Groups shall be extended to the
bank loan component of the units
grounded under this scheme.
During the year 2009-10 (upto November,
2009), 1953 units have been sanctioned
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
covering 2249 beneficiaries with financial
assistance of Rs.231.39 lakhs.
Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana (2009-10):
Rajiv Abhyudaya Yojana scheme launched
during the year 2005-06 is aimed at
providing financial assistance to the
B.C.Artisans/ B.C.Occupational Groups in
urban areas. The scheme is being
implemented for a period of five years from
2005-06 to 2009-10.
The scheme was implemented upto 2007-08
with the funding pattern of 20% as Term
Loan by the Corporation, 70% by the
Commercial Banks and 10% as Beneficiary
Contribution.
During the year 2009-10 (upto November,
2009), 2,653 units have been sanctioned
covering 4,069 beneficiaries with financial
assistance of Rs.432.15 lakhs as against
budget allocation of Rs.500.00 lakhs.
Andhra Pradesh Washermen Co-Op.
Societies Federation
The A.P. Washermen Co-op. Societies
Federation Ltd., Hyderabad was established
in the year 1982 for the economic upliftment
of Washermen in the State. The Federation
implements the following schemes:
1. Construction of Dhobighats,
2. Financial Assistance Scheme.
Construction of Dhobighats:
The unit cost of each Dhobighat is enhanced
from Rs.1.25 lakhs to Rs.2.00 lakhs in the
year 2008-09. 90% of the cost is sanctioned
as subsidy by the Federation and the
remaining 10% is contributed by the
beneficiaries. In case, the cost exceeds
Rs.2.00 lakhs the balance needs to be borne
by the respective local body.
Govt. have provided an amount of
Rs.2057.50 lakhs for construction of
Dhobighats, since the formation of the
Federation i.e., 1982. About 2,970
Dhobighats have been taken up for
construction with an amount of Rs.2046.67
lakhs. So far, 2,560 Dhobighats have been
completed and the work in 412 Dhobighats
are in progress.
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.50.00
lakhs is allocated for taking up 25 new
Dhobighats.
150
Financial Assistance Scheme:
Medium term loans are sanctioned to the
eligible Primary Washermen Co-operative
Societies ranging from Rs.2,000/- to
Rs.5, 000/- per member at a simple interest of
5% repayable in 36 equal monthly
installments. From 1982-83 to 2009-10, 2281
Primary Washermen Co-op. Societies,
consisting of 1,62,200 Rajakas have been
affiliated to this Federation.
1,199 Primary Washermen Cooperative
Societies, consisting of 62,015 beneficiaries
have been sanctioned medium term loans
with an amount of Rs.729.40 lakhs.
During the year 2008-09, a new Economic
Support scheme called the “Financial
Assistance Scheme” has been introduced by
way of Subsidy with bank credit linkup
instead of Medium Term loans. The unit cost
fixed is Rs.1.50 lakhs for a group of 15
members with (50%)subsidy Rs.75,000/-,
(40%) bank loan Rs. 60,000/- and (10%)
beneficiary contribution Rs.15,000/-
An amount of Rs.50.00 lakhs is provided for
2009-10 for implementation of Financial
Assistance scheme. So far, Rs.12.50 lakhs
released to 17 Primary Washermen
Cooperative Societies to cover 250 Rajaka
beneficiaries.
Andhra Pradesh Nayee Brahmins Co-
Operative Societies Federation
The Andhra Pradesh Nayee Brahmin
Cooperative Societies Federation Ltd., was
established in the year 1989 for economic up
liftment of Nayee Brahmins and the
following schemes are implemented by the
Federation for their upliftment.
Financial Assistance.
Medium term loans are sanctioned to the
eligible Primary Nayee Brahmins
Cooperative Societies ranging from Rs.
2,500/- to Rs. 5,000/- per member at a simple
interest of 5% repayable in 36 equal monthly
installments.
From 1989-90 to 2009-10, 1732 Primary
Nayee Brahmins Cooperative Societies have
been affiliated to this Federation. 701
Primary Nayee Brahmins Cooperative
Societies consisting of 34,778 beneficiaries
have been sanctioned Medium Term Loans
with an amount of Rs. 437.84 Lakhs.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
During the year 2008-09, ‘Financial
Assistance Scheme’ was introduced by way
of Subsidy with bank credit linkup instead of
Medium Term Loans in the federation with a
unit cost of Rs.1.50 lakhs for a group of 15-
member society with (50%)subsidy
Rs.75,000/-, (40%) bank loan Rs. 60,000/-
and (10%) beneficiary contribution
Rs.15,000/- .
An amount of Rs. 50.00 Lakhs is provided
for 2009-10 for implementation of Financial
Assistance scheme. So far, Rs. 12.75 Lakhs
is released to 17 Primary Nayee Brahmins
Cooperative Societies to cover 271 Nayee
Brahmin beneficiaries.
Andhra Pradesh Vaddera Cooperative
Societies Federation
The Andhra Pradesh Vaddera Cooperative
Societies Federation Ltd., was established in
the year 2006. The main object of the
Federation is to implement various schemes
for economic upliftment of poor Vaddera
Community. 2,086 primary vaddera
societies are registered and affiliated to the
Federation. Since inception, 68 societies
have been extended financial assistance
under the scheme.
During the year 2008-09, ‘Financial
Assistance Scheme’ was introduced for
extending economic support to members of
registered primary co-operative societies.
The scheme contains subsidy with bank
credit linkage with an unit cost of Rs.1.50
lakhs for a 15 member primary society with
(50%)subsidy Rs.75,000/-, (40%) bank loan
Rs. 60,000/- and (10%) beneficiary
contribution Rs.15,000/-.
During the year 2009-10, an amount of
Rs.13.50 lakhs was spent by way of release
of subsidy to 18 societies covering 270
vaddera beneficiaries.
***
SOCIAL WELFARE
8.14 The Scheduled Caste Population in the
state has increased from 105.92 1akhs in
1991 to123.39 lakhs in 2001 registering a
growth of 16.50 percent. As per the Census
2001, the Scheduled Castes population forms
16.19 per percent of the total population of
Andhra Pradesh. More than 82% of the
151
Scheduled Castes are living in rural areas. insurance is also being provided to the hostel
Sex Ratio among the Scheduled Castes is boarders covering accidental death cases
981, which is higher than the State average of also.
978. The percentage of SC population in
rural areas has declined from 88.9 percent in Samkshema Bata: An innovative exercise
1961 to 82.8 per cent in 2001. The literacy was taken up, in which the Hon’ble Ministers
rate among SCs was 53.52 in 2001, lower and MLAs personally visit Social welfare
than the All India percent of 54.69. hostels to list out the repairs to be taken up in
The principal objectives of Social Welfare the hostels. For repairs of Government
Department are Educational Advancement, Hostel Buildings and to provide
Socio-Economic Development, Welfare and infrastructure facilities an amount of Rs.50
Protection of Scheduled Castes. crores was provided, i.e, Rs.35 crores for
repairs and Rs.15 crores for construction of
Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP): new toilets and bathrooms for hostel
Under the Special Component Plan for SCs, boarders @ of 1:10 boarders. 1910 works
it has been imperative for all the Government have been takenup and out of which, 1457
departments to earmark 16.2 % of their Plan have been completed and remaining works
Outlay i.e. in proportion to the SC population are in progress.
in the State, exclusively for the development Ananda Nilayams: At present, there are 79
of SCs. Ananda Nilayams functioning in the State.
The Nodal Agency under the Chairmanship 50 percent of the seats in Ananda Nilayams
of Hon’ble Minister (SW) and the Apex are filled up with orphan students and the
Committee under the Chairmanship of remaining 50 percent with the children
Hon’ble Chief Minister review the whose parents are engaged in unclean
allocations and expenditure under SCSP occupations. The inmates in these Ananda
during the year. Nilayams are provided all facilities on par
The SCSP outlay for 2009-10 is Rs. 5,243.17 with the boarders in Social Welfare hostels.
crores, and the expenditure under SCSP The details of Ananda Nilayams are shown
during 2009-10(upto December,09) is Rs. in Table 8.22.
1708.69 Crores indicating an achievement of
32.59%.
Table 8.22
Ananda Nilayams
Educational Programs:
Hostels: During 2009-10, there are 2,358 Year Institut Boys Girls Total
hostels (Boys 1,691 and Girls 667) in the ions
State with an intake of 2.48 lakhs. 2005-06 79 4061 3189 7250
2006-07 79 3475 3180 6655
Government have enhanced the mess charges
2007-08 79 3709 3236 6945
in Govt. Hostels from Rs.338/- p.m. to 2008-09 79 4100 3263 7363
Rs.475/- p.m. for boarders up to 7th class and 2009-10 79 3962 3275 7237
from Rs.412/- p.m. to Rs.535/- p.m. for Source: Social Welfare Department
boarders from 8th to 10th class from the
academic year, 2008-09. The cosmetic Results: There has been considerable
charges given to hostel boarders are also improvement in the results of 10th class in
increased from Rs.22/- to Rs.50/- for boys Social Welfare Hostels. During March 2009,
and from Rs.40/- to Rs.75/- for girls. The 24,482 students appeared for SSC
stitching charges are increased from Rs.20/- examinations and 20,518 students passed in
per pair to Rs. 40/- per pair. Hair cut the State. The overall pass percentage is
charges are increased from Rs.5/- to Rs.12/-. 83.81 as against the State average of 78.83.
The number of dresses supplied is increased During the year 2009-10, 3,684 S.C.
from 2 to 4 dresses per annum per boarder boarders who obtained good marks in SSC
from the year 2008-09. Further, medical were admitted in reputed Junior Colleges like

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 152

Narayana, Chaitanya, etc. SSC results of were made ‘online’ to ensure that
students in Social welfare hostels are shown scholarships reach the students by the 1st of
in Table 8.23. every month and also to ensure transparency
by keeping all the information in the public
Table 8.23
SSC Results of Students in SW Hostels domain.
Year Appe Passed % of % of Distribution of House Sites: The income
ared hostel State ceiling for allotment of house sites to weaker
results Average section families, free of cost, is Rs.11,000/-
2003 13919 10530 75.65 75.00 per annum. Each family is eligible for
2004 16294 13853 85.02 80.55
allotment of an extent of 3 cents of wetland
2005 19299 14478 75.02 72.41
2006 23742 18101 76.24 73.16 or 5 cents of dry land or 60 sq. yards per
2007 22250 17286 77.69 71.36 family in urban areas towards house sites. In
2008 22072 17728 80.31 75.31 the acquisition program, land is also allotted
2009 24482 20518 83.81 78.83 for common purposes like internal roads,
Source: Social Welfare Department schools and community halls etc.
The allocation of house-sites among various
Colleges Hostels: Prior to 2009-10, there sections of population is as follows:
were 152 Scheduled Caste College Hostels Scheduled Castes - 40%
(71 for Boys and 81 for Girls) functioning Scheduled Tribes - 10%
with an intake of 100 students for each Backward Classes - 30%
hostel. 21,182 students are admitted in the Minorities - 10%
hostels during 2009-10. Government is Other Economically poor - 10%
providing electricity charges, house rent,
water charges and scholarships. The students During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.60.00
themselves are maintaining the mess through crores was allotted. Under INDlRAMMA
mess committees. Government have programme 1st phase 4,09,433 house sites
sanctioned 400 college hostels i.e., 200 for were provided. Similarly, 4,66,681 house
boys and 200 for girls during 2009-10. sites were distributed upto September 2009
Post-Matric Scholarships: Residential and under INDIRAMMA 2nd phase and 2,40,506
Non-Residential scholarships are being house sites have been distributed so far under
awarded to all eligible Post-Matric students INDIRAMMA Programme 3rd Phase.
belonging to the Scheduled Castes. This Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Castes
scholarship amount includes maintenance Cooperative Finance Corporation Ltd:
charges for the students and non-refundable A.P. Scheduled Castes Cooperative Finance
fee payable to the institution, expenses on Corporation Ltd., was established in the year
study tours and typing charges of thesis etc. 1974.
The existing income ceilings for the award of Objectives:
Post-Matric scholarships is Rs.1.00 lakh per • To plan, promote and take up Economic
annum from the year 2008-09. SC Research Assistance programs in the fields of
scholars in M.Phil course will get a Agriculture Development, Animal
fellowship of Rs.500/- per month and Husbandry, Marketing, Processing, Supply
Rs.1,000/- per annum towards contingent and Storage of Agriculture Products, Small
expenditure on data collection, etc. The Scale Industry, Cottage Industry, Trade,
Scheduled Caste Research Scholars in Ph.D. Business or any other activity which enables
Course would be sanctioned a sum of the members of Scheduled Castes to earn for
Rs.600/- per month towards maintenance and a better living and helps them to improve
Rs.1,500/- per annum towards contingencies. their standard of living.
During 2009-10 an amount of Rs. 600.62 • To undertake programs of employment
Crores is provided to cover six lakh SC oriented Cottage and Small Scale Industries
students. From the year 2008-09, applications etc., by providing technical know-how,
for scholarships and sanction of scholarships managerial assistance and financial

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 153


During 2008-09, an amount of Rs. 376.57 Crores
was incurred as expenditure towards financial
assistance for the benefit of 2,54,357 Scheduled
Caste beneficiaries.
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs. 129.07 Crores
was incurred as expenditure towards financial
assistance for the benefit of 1,12,451 S.C
beneficiaries as on 30-11-2009.
Investments:
The Corporation, since inception i.e., from 1974
upto 2008-09, has grounded various economic
support programmes benefiting 46,08,197
Scheduled Caste families with an outlay of Rs.
3,614.60 Crores. The Corporation has adopted
model schemes to serve as incentives to the
prospective Scheduled Caste beneficiaries. The
District Societies have, however, been allowed
to take up any new scheme which is viable and
feasible. During the year 2009-10, an amount of
Rs. 13 Crores is allocated by GoI and Rs. 14.99
crores allocated by Government of A.P towards
Share Capital.
Government of Andhra Pradesh announced
Waiver of loan with interest upto Rs. 1.00 lakh
per beneficiary and all welfare Corporations
shall as facilitators to obtain institutional finance
duly providing Rs. 30,000/- or 50% of the
scheme cost whichever is less as subsidy.
Accordingly, A.P.S.C. Cooperative Finance
Corporation has adopted the new pattern of Rs.
30,000/- or 50% of the scheme cost as subsidy
from SCA provided by Government of India and
other subsidies provided by State Government.
Special Central Assistance (SCA):
Special Central Assistance provided by
Government of India is being utilized for
providing subsidy and for non-recurring items
like making the schemes given to the target
groups really bankable and effective and to
provide infrastructure to meet backward and
forward linkages at district level. During 2009-
10, an amount of Rs.45 crores is allocated under
SCA to Special Component Plan.
Economic Support Program:
Many of the SC families have been assigned
agriculture lands but the income derived from
such land is very meagre. It is therefore, essential
to provide irrigation facilities to these lands to
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
enable the assignees to reap maximum benefit.
Emphasis is made to cover these lands by
providing irrigation facilities, land development,
horticulture and minor irrigation etc., in the
Action Plan for 2009-10.
Initiatives:
• Government issued orders in July, 2009 to
waive Margin Money, NSFDC and
NSKFDC loans with interest of less than Rs.
One lakh for Scheduled Caste loanees, who
availed these loans and outstanding as on 29-
02-2008. An amount of Rs.1176.82 crores of
loans of 17,80,842 Scheduled Caste
beneficiaries has been waived and made
them free from corporation loans.
• The subsidy component has been enhanced
to Rs.30,000/- from Rs. 10,000/- or 50% of
the unit cost whichever is less.
• Special Rehabilitation Scheme for
Scheduled Caste released Prisoners is being
implemented.
• Pavala Vaddi is made applicable to promote
prompt repayment of Bank Loans.
• The per capita investment which was Rs.
730/- during 1974-75, has gradually been
increased upto Rs. 18,000/- in recent years.
It is expected to reach upto Rs. 50,000/- in
the Action Plan of 2009-10 with a view to
attain sustainable income to poor SC
beneficiaries.
***
TRIBAL WELFARE
8.15 The tribal population of Andhra Pradesh
according to 2001 Census is 50.24 lakhs
constituting about 6.59% of the total
population of the State. The Scheduled areas
extend over 31,485.34 sq. Kms, which is
about 11% of total area of the State with
5,938 villages distributed in Srikakulam,
Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East
Godavari, West Godavari, Khammam,
Warangal, Adilabad and Mahabubnagar
Districts. There are no scheduled areas in the
other districts. There are 35 ST communities
living in the State. Of the 50.24 lakhs tribal
population, 30.47 lakhs are found in the
above mentioned 9 districts. The remaining
tribal population of 19.77 lakhs is distributed
in the other districts.
154
Tribal development did not get translated into
a definite program of action till the 4th Five
Year Plan period until the socio-economic
development of STs was accepted as a
general goal. The concept of tribal sub-plan
strategy was evolved after a detailed
comprehensive review of the tribal problem
was taken during 5th Five Year Plan. For
implementation of the strategy, Integrated
Tribal Development Agencies (ITDAs) were
conceived. During 6th Five Year Plan,
Modified Area Development Approach
(MADA) was adopted to cover smaller areas
of tribal concentration and for still smaller
areas the cluster approach was adopted. Now,
there are 41 MADA Pockets and 17 Clusters.
During 7th Five Year Plan, the programs
were extended to Dispersed Tribal Groups
(DTGs) also. By the end of 9th Five Year
Plan, the Program priorities of Tribal Welfare
Department are provision of incentives to
students by way of free boarding and lodging
for hostellers and package of incentives like
supply of text books, note books, dresses etc.
For the first time, 82 Primary Health Centers
were sanctioned during 2004 exclusively for
tribal areas to improve access to primary
health care. All efforts are being made to
ensure that all the tribal habitations are
provided with safe drinking water.
Areas inhabited by primitive tribal groups
and remote areas of the ITDAs and MADAs
are by and large lacking in necessary
infrastructural facilities required for a
minimum standard of living. The availability
of infrastructure facilities in the tribal areas is
far below the State and National averages.
The general literacy rate is 60.5% as per
2001 Census, while the ST literacy is
37.04%. Government accorded high priority
for the accelerated development of tribals by
implementing socio economic development
programs. Major focus is on Education,
Health and Land based schemes.
Tribal Welfare Department assists the tribal
population in the field of education,
economic development and other programs.
Tribal Cultural Research And Training
Institute (TCR & TI):
It is established in the year 1963. The key
functions of the institute are to conduct
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
ethnographic studies on tribes of AP,
carryout socio economic and bench mark
surveys, formulate perspective plans for
Integrated Tribal Development Agencies
(ITDAs) and Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs)
and impart various types of orientation
trainings to officials and non officials
engaged in tribal development.
Girijan Cooperative Corporation (GCC):
Efforts to eliminate exploitation by private
traders are being continued. The Girijan Co-
operative Corporation Ltd., Visakhapatnam
is purchasing minor forest produce with
monopoly rights in 38 items.
A.P. Scheduled Tribe Co-Operative
Finance Corporation (TRICOR):
The A.P. Scheduled Tribe Co-operative
Finance Corporation (TRICOR) is providing
margin money needed for the tribals to draw
institutional finance for the economic
development programs.
Tribal Welfare Engineering Wing:
Tribal Welfare Engineering wing is looking
after construction of Ashram Schools,
Hostels, Residential Schools/ITIs/
Polytechnics/Degree Colleges, formation of
roads in agency areas, Construction of
Community and Individual latrines and
works sponsored by other agencies.
A.P. Tribal Welfare Residential
Educational Institutions Society
(GURUKULAM): It is established in the
year 1999 bifurcating from A.P. Residential
Educational Institutions Society and renamed
as GURUKULAM. It takes care of
enrolment and retention of tribal children and
improvement in the quality of education. It
is responsible for the effective management
of the institutions.
A.P. Tribal Power Company Limited
(TRIPCO):
Government of Andhra Pradesh promoted
Tribal Power Company to establish, generate
and operate Mini Hydel Power Projects and
other non conventional power projects like
Solar, Bio-mass etc., in tribal areas. Projects
will be owned and managed by local tribals
constituted into a project committee.
155
A.P. Tribal Mining Pvt. Limited
(TRIMCO):
Tribal Mining limited was established under
companies Act 1956 during the year 2001 as
Joint Venture Company (JVC) of AP
TRICOR (74%) and APMDC (26%). The
objective is to facilitate mining operations in
tribal areas for the benefit of tribals by
framing Tribal Mining Cooperative Societies,
and providing safe and scientific mining
methods to the tribals.
Budget: The Department’s budget for 2009-
10 is Rs.770.99 cr. consisting of Rs.400.27
cr. under Non-Plan and Rs.370.72 cr. under
Plan (Including Rs.61.39 cr. under CSS).
71% of the budget Rs.610.42 Cr. was
allocated towards tribal education.
Achievements during 2009-10:
Education: Tribal Welfare Department is
maintaining 599 Ashram Schools with
strength of 1,59,203, 442 Hostels with
strength of 79,640 and 4,317 Girijana Vidya
Vikasa Kendras (Single Teacher Schools)
renamed as Government Primary Schools
(TW) with a strength of 1,01,852.
There are 56 Residential Schools, 12
Residential Schools for Primitive Tribal
Groups (PTGs), 4 English Medium Schools,
49 Residential Junior Colleges, 2 Upgraded
Residential Junior Colleges, 3 Schools of
Excellence, 3 Colleges of Excellence, 41
Mini Gurukulams and 90 Kasturba Gandhi
Balika Vidyalayas with a strength of 73,081,
of which 34,081 are boys and 39,000 are
girls.
5,030 seats increased in residential
institutions during 2009-10.
7,774 ST students admitted additionally over
previous year in TW GURUKULAM
institutions.
Enhancement of diet charges: Government
have enhanced diet charges of ST boarders
by 40% in 2008-09.
New Menu: In tune with increased diet
charges the revised menu along with detailed
guidelines on the procedure, quality, hygienic
and other practices were communicated to all
Project Officers of ITDAs and DTWOs. The
menu charts have been displayed in the
hostels, ashram schools and residential
institutions. The menu was also published in
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
telugu daily news papers for public
information.
Revised incentives: Government have
enhanced/revised certain incentives that are
being provided to the ST boarders from
2008-09. Supply of bedding material is made
once in every year, four pairs of dresses are
being supplied every year and hair cutting/
cosmetic/stitching charges were also
enhanced.
CBSE Syllabus: Government have
introduced English medium with CBSE
syllabus from 2009-10 in 2 sections of class
5th and 6th in 158 tribal welfare Ashram
Schools and 74 Residential Schools
benefiting 32,307 students.
Corporate Education in Intermediate:
2,751 ST students were admitted in reputed
corporate colleges for quality education in
Intermediate by paying Rs.35,000/- per
student per year.
One D.Ed College was sanctioned at
Bhadrachalam in 2008.
75% of seats in the degree colleges located in
agency areas are reserved for local ST
students.
Results: 78% of students in Hostels, 86% of
students in Ashram Schools and 93% of
students in TW Residential Schools passed
SSC Public Examinations held in March,
2009.
49% of students in TW Residential Junior
Colleges passed in Intermediate 1st year
Examinations held in March, 2009.
68% of students in TW Residential Junior
Colleges passed in Intermediate II year
Examinations held in March, 2009.
Health Insurance: The “health insurance
scheme” has been renewed for 2009-10 also
with National Insurance Company Limited
and an amount of Rs.89,45,356/- was paid as
annual premium @ 26/- per boarder
(including service tax) to cover 3,11,924 ST
student boarders studying in ashram schools,
hostels, K.G.B.Vs, residential schools,
residential junior colleges and Mini
Gurukulams. 1673 cases were treated and
reimbursed an amount of Rs.35,17,470/- up
to November, 2009.
156
Pre-Matric Scholarships:
Government have enhanced pre-matric
scholarships by 10% during the year 2008-
09. 5,918 ST students studying in 112
reputed schools under Best Available
Schools Scheme are receiving pre-matric
scholarships @ Rs.8,800/- to Rs.20,000/- per
annum per boarder. ST students are
sponsored for admission in Hyderabad Public
Schools (HPS) to get quality education. 304
ST students are studying in Hyderabad
Public Schools and receiving quality
education during this year.
Post-Matric Scholarships: 81,517 ST
students are receiving Post-Matric
Scholarships during the current year (up to
30-9-09). An amount of Rs.45.34 crores was
spent on Post- Matric Scholarships.
Government enhanced income ceiling limit
of parents of ST students for sanction of
Post- Matric Scholarships to Rs.1,00,000/-.
Government have issued orders to sanction,
drawal and disbursement of post matric
scholarships through online from the
academic year 2008-09. 1,03,615 fresh
applications and 95,505 renewal applications
were received through on line from ST
students (as on 19-12-2009). Maintenance
charges for ST students were enhanced by
30% during 2008-09.
Samkshema Bata: Government have
sanctioned an amount of Rs.55.07 crores
towards essential repairs and construction of
new toilet blocks in 1,174 TW educational
institutions (as on 31-10-2009).
Conservation cum Development Plan for
PTGs: Conservation cum Development Plan
for the Primitive Tribal Groups of AP for the
XI Five year plan with a total cost of
Rs.115.98 crores was prepared and submitted
to Government of India. The GoI have
released an amount of Rs.8.60 cr. to take up
priority projects like establishment of
nutritional rehabilitation centers, land
purchase, viability gap funding for
indiramma houses and coverage of balance of
PTG families under Janasri Bhima Yojana
for the welfare of PTGs and the same was
released to the concerned 7 Districts.
Nine branch drug stores were sanctioned at
ITDA head quarters.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Village Tribal Development Associations
(VTDAs): Government have issued orders to
organize village development Associations
(VTDAs) duly replacing the village
development committees (VDCs) in all tribal
habitations having more than 70 households
and located in TSP areas and which are not
major Gram Panchayats. The main purpose
of this concept was to ensure participation of
the tribal community in all development
activities in addition to the works/functions
already being performed by VDCs and to
inculcate a sense of ownership of community
assets, ensure proper and equitable
development to the Tribal Sub Plan villages
in the state. Financial powers of VTDAs has
been enhanced from Rs.5.00 lakhs to
Rs.10.00 lakhs for all building works, road
works other than BT roads, minor irrigation
works and all maintenance works.
Strengthening of Tribal Welfare
Educational Institutions: As a part of
strengthening of 231 Educational
Institutions, Government decided to provide
toilets and bathrooms at the rate of 20 toilets
and 20 bathrooms for each institution. An
amount of Rs.25.13 crores was sanctioned.
Girijan Co-operative Corporation: Girijan
Co-operative Corporation is targeted to
procure Rs.22.80 crores worth of Minor
Forest Produce and Agricultural Produce
during 2009-10 The activity wise
performance depicted in the Table 8.24.
Table 8.24
Performance of GCC during 2009-10
(Rs.Crores)
Activity Target Achievement
MFP/AP Procurement 22.80 3.46
Sales of ECs and
Other DRs. 173.25 81.28
Credit Disbursement 6.00 1.53
Credit Recovery 8.00 0.35
RMD Sales 25.00 5.72
Total 235.05 92.34
Source: - Tribal Welfare Department
TRICOR: For the year 2009-10, TRICOR has
prepared action plan with an out lay of
Rs.309.58 cr. to benefit 3,77,677 ST
beneficiaries under economic support schemes
157
including training and employment generation
programs. An amount of Rs.35.78 crores was
spent so far, covering 1,51,970 ST beneficiaries.
Subsidy: Government have taken a decision to
increase subsidy from Rs.10,000/- to Rs.30,000/-
from 2009-10 onwards. It will be limited to 50%
of the total unit cost or Rs.30,000/- whichever is
less. Units costing more than Rs.10.00 lakhs will
be assisted by specialized agencies under
Industries and Commerce department.
Coffee Project: Coffee plantation project during
XI Five year plan has been contemplated with
financial assistance from Coffee Board (25%),
GOAP (25%) and (50%) beneficiary contribution
in the form of labor to take up coffee in 60,000
acres with an out lay of Rs.148.00 cr. Coffee
including pepper was taken up in 12,000 acres
and Silver Oak in 20,000 acres with an
expenditure of Rs.148.82 lakhs in Paderu ITDA
area of Visakapatnam District.
Rubber Project: During the current year,
plantations were taken up in 4,962 acres with an
expenditure of Rs.3.89 cr in R.C.Varam ITDA
area.
Organic farming project: The Organic farming
project is under implementation in 3 ITDAs i.e.,
Seethampeta, Eturunagaram and Bhadrachalam.
The project is jointly funded by TW department
and Horticulture department. An amount of
Rs.64.98 lakhs was spent to benefit 3,171 ST
beneficiaries.
Land Transfer Regulations: 76,651 cases were
detected, 74,807 cases were disposed and 36,354
cases were decided in favor of STs.
Mini Hydel Projects (TRIPC0): 23 Fresh
DPRs and PFRs for Mini Hydel Projects were
prepared for sanction with an estimated capacity
of 24.38 MW and with an estimated project cost
of Rs.143.75 cr. Reconnaissance survey for 25
locations is completed by specialist agencies. 3
Mini Hydel Power Projects have been taken up at
Vetamamidi, Pinjarikonda and Mitlapalem in
ITDA, Rampa Chodavaram, East Godavari
District.
Under Village energy security program (VESP),
the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, GoI
have sanctioned three Bio Fuel Energy based
projects at Marripalem, Biligondapenta and
Chinnarutla villages in Prakasam district at a cost
of Rs.53.48 lakhs.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 158
Referral Fund: 200 Tribal people suffering
from chronic ailments were given financial
assistance for treatment in referral hospitals.
Inter Caste Marriages: 31 couples received
incentives so far for inter caste marriages, if
one of the spouses belongs to ST.
Tribal Sub Plan(TSP): During the year
2009-10, the Tribal sub-plan outlay is
Rs.2370.86 crores, which is 7.08% in the
total state plan outlay. The expenditure
incurred is Rs.833.76 crores indicating an
achievement of 35.17% (upto December,09).
Recognition of Forest Rights Act, 2006
(RoFR): Operational guidelines for
implementation of RoFR Act were issued by
Government and communicated to all
District Collectors/Project Officers of ITDAs
and other concerned officers. 3,27,143
claims were received covering an area of
19,11,074 acres, 1,82,093 claims were
approved covering 14,21,904 acres and
1,73,106 certificate of titles were issued
covering 13,68,098 acres.
Infrastructure Development: As part of
strengthening infrastructure facilities in tribal
areas, 77 road works have been taken up
under RIDF–XIV (NABARD) in 2008-09
with an estimated cost of Rs.136.85 crores.
Under Article 275 (i), 25 road works have
been taken up with an estimated cost of
Rs.15.55 cr. in ITDA areas.
Weeding out false ST Claims: 8,049 cases
were scrutinized before admission into
various courses like Medical, Engineering,
Polytechnic etc., and 41 were found to be
doubtful or false.
Establishment of Integrated Tribal
Development Agency (ITDA) for
Development of Scheduled Tribes in Plain
Areas: Government accorded administrative
sanction for establishment of Integrated
Tribal Development Agency (ITDA) for the
development of STs in plain areas in Feb,
2009. The jurisdiction of the ITDA subject
to the exclusion of areas included in ITDAs
Chenchus at Srisailam and Yanadies at
Nellore shall extend to the districts of
Krishna, Gunture, Prakasam, Nellore,
Chittor, Kadapa, Anantapur, Kurnool,
Mahabubnagar, Hyderbad, Ranga Reddy,
 Medak, Karimnagar, Nizamabad and
Nalgonda.
Dr. Y.S.Rajasekhara Reddy Study Circle
for STs: Government have issued orders in
September, 2009 establishing a study circle-
cum-pre–examination-training centre to cater
to training needs of the educational tribal
youth in the State with a sanctioned strength
of 100 seats and started with 75 admitted
strength.
***
MINORITIES WELFARE
8.16 India is a vast nation with a fabric like
interwoven society with many religious and
ways of life. As a secular country,
Government’s endeavor has always been to
ensure carrying its entire population,
including the Minorities, on the path of
progress. The Department of Minorities
Welfare was created in the year 1993 with
the transfer of related subjects from the
departments of Revenue, General
Administration, Employment, Youth
Services and Education. Schemes and
policies have been put in place to ensure the
upliftment of Minorities under the aegis of
the Minorities Finance Corporation. The
advancement of Minorities requires attention
from several angles. As per 2001 Census, the
population of Minorities in Andhra Pradesh
is around 82.00 lakhs, which constitutes over
11 % of the total population of the State. The
population of Minorities is generally urban-
based. A large segment of Minority
population is living below poverty line. The
share of Minorities in different economic
support schemes has also been very low. The
Minorities in general and their women
counterparts in particular, have been highly
backward, both educationally and
economically. The Main problems of
Minorities and the Governmental
intervention are attempted in the following
areas:
• Economic Development;
• Women Development;
• Educational Development;
• Protection and Development of Wakf
Properties;
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• Protection and Development of Urdu
Language;
• Social and Cultural Development; and
• Removing the sense of discrimination.
Government have taken various initiatives
for the overall development of the minorities
Some of them are briefed below:
A.P. State Minorities Commission:
It was constituted in 1979. Subsequently,
Government, in 1998, have enacted the A.P.
State Minorities Commission Act, 1998. The
Minorities Commission is looking into
specific issues being faced by minority
community.
A.P. State Minorities Finance Corporation
and A. P. Christian Finance Corporation
The Andhra Pradesh State Minorities
Finance Corporation Limited was
incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956
in the year 1985, to assist the weaker sections
of Minorities viz., Muslims, Sikhs, Buddhists
and Parsis etc. for their socio economic
development through banks for which the
corporation provides subsidy component
only for the schemes viz. i) economic
assistance for setting up of businesses,
Industrial, Service, Agriculture and allied
viable activities and Grant in Aid for Welfare
Schemes. A separate Corporation viz.,
Andhra Pradesh State Christian Finance
Corporation has been established in 2009 for
welfare of weaker sections of Christians.
Activities during 2009-10: (30/09/09)
Subsidy Grant for Bankable Scheme: The
corporation envisaged to provide Subsidy for
Bankable Scheme to 2667 beneficiaries to
the tune of Rs. 400.00 lakhs.
Pre Matric Scholarships: The Corporation
envisaged to provide Pre Matric Scholarships
of Rs. 1195.31 lakhs to 1,70,759 students.
Post Matric Scholarships: The
Corporation envisaged to provide Post
Matric Scholarships to 1,28,701 students the
tune of Rs. 3378.69 lakhs.
Reimbursement of Tuition Fee: The
Corporation envisaged to extend an amount
of Rs. 5875.00 lakhs towards Tuition Fee
Reimbursement.
Maintenance of Pre and Post Matric
Hostels for Minorities: The Corporation
159
has provided Rs.400.00 lakhs towards
maintenance of Pre and Post Matric Hostels
for Minorities.
Improvement and Development of
Residential Schools and colleges for
minorities: An amount of Rs.600.00 lakhs
was provided for development of Residential
Schools.
Andhra Pradesh State Wakf Board:
Government have sanctioned Rs. 70.67
crores for the Wakf Board from 1995-96 to
2008-09 for various schemes like Repair and
Maintenance of Wakf Institutions, Repairs,
Revolving Fund for construction of Shopping
Complexes, Grant-in aid towards payment of
legal expenses and repayment of loans,
Construction and maintenance of Haj House,
Conduct of Marriages to Poor Muslim Girls,
Maintenance assistance to Muslim Divorced
Families, etc.
Urdu Academy :
The Urdu Academy was established in 1975
for Promotion, Protection and Development
of Urdu Language and Literature. It provides
Grant-in-Aid towards -- preserving and
promotion of Urdu language, Scholarships
and fees re-imbursement to urdu medium
students, Vocational training in Urdu
computer education Courses, providing
Infrastructure facilities in Urdu Schools and
assistance to AP Open(Urdu) school etc.
Centre for Educational Development of
Minorities(CEDM)
Under this scheme, CEDM is taking steps to
improve the Classroom Performance of
School Children Belonging to Minorities. It
has adopted the schools with dismal
performance to provide basics and improve
the performance in SSC Examination.
Centre distributes workbooks in Maths-I,
Maths-II, Physical Sciences, Biological
Sciences, English and Telugu (7) to X class
Urdu Medium students (coaching and non-
coaching) throughout AP.
The free coaching programme covers a
period of six months from August to
February every year.
Dairatul Maarif-Il - Osmania:
The Dairatul Maarif is an autonomous body.
It is one of the leading institutions of India,
which carries out research on Arabic works
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
written during the classical and mediaeval
era. Each and every work selected goes
through the process of careful transcription
and diligent collation of different
manuscripts available by a team of renowned
scholars before it goes for printing and
publication. The Dairatul Maarif-il-Osmania
has so far published about 175 works of
seminal importance all being welcomed
warmly by the world of learning.
A.P.State Haj Committee:
To perform religious duties, thousands of
Muslims of the State proceed to Saudi Arabia
in order to perform Haj. Haj Committee
constituted by A.P. Government has been
providing all the required facilities to Hajis.
A total amount of Rs. 70.00 lakhs is provided
as Grant-in-Aid during 2009-10 to A.P. State
Haj Committee.
***
YOUTH SERVICES
8.17 The Youth Welfare Schemes are
categorized as (a) providing Self
Employment to the un- employed youth, (b)
Training to provide employment and (c)
other participatory programmes. Rajiv
Yuvashakthi Programme is implemented to
provide financial assistance, to create self
employment opportunities to the eligible
unemployed youth to establish Self
employment units in Industry, Service and
Business Sectors. Suitable training
programmes are designed and implemented
as per the market demand and needs of the
youth to make them employable in
association with the Industry. To facilitate
the unemployed youth for enrolment into
Army, CRPF and other allied services,
Commissionerate of Youth Services is
organizing suitable training programmes in
association with Police and NCC officials in
all Districts. In addition to Self Employment
and Training Programmes, youth
empowerment programmes like Youth
Leadership Training Programmes, Youth
Exchange Programmes, Youth Festivals,
Shramadan programmes, Mass mobilization
programmes like Aids Awareness Campaign,
Literary, Family Planning etc., are organized.
160
Rajiv Yuvashakthi Programme:
An employment generation programme,
Rajiv Yuvashakthi was taken up by
Government of Andhra Pradesh for the
benefit of unemployed youth. Three types of
schemes are being implemented under this
self employment programme viz. Individual
(Rs. 1.00 Lakh), Group (Rs. 3.00 Lakhs to
5.00 Lakhs) and Petty (Rs. 0.50 Lakh) with
20% Subsidy, 10% Beneficiary Contribution
and 70% Bank Loan.
During 2008-09, 24,724 units were grounded
with a project cost of Rs.159.42 crores,
involving a subsidy of Rs.31.63 crores.
The achievements under Rajiv Yuvashakthi
Programme are given in Annexure 8.13.
Pre Army Recruitment
Scheme of Pre Army Recruitment training is
aimed for eligible unemployed youth to
enable them for enhancing chances of
recruitment in ARMY, Air Force, CRPF and
other Allied services. The training is
designed for 30 days prior to the Recruitment
rallies with free boarding and lodging besides
academic assistance.
• Department of Youth Services is
extending necessary administrative
support to authorities for recruitment
rallies whenever held in the districts.
• During 2007-08, 1,931members have
undergone training and 1,887 youth have
got selected.
• During 2008-09, 5,175 members have
undergone training and 3,824 youth have
got selected.
Skill Development Training Programme
Commissionerate of Youth Services is
identifying employment opportunities in
private sector by conducting market survey in
association with the departments/ training
institutions, like Reddy’s Foundation,
APITCO, APPC, SRTRI, NIIT, Handlooms
and Textiles, LIDCAP etc. Skill development
training programmes are taken up to impart
employable skills to unemployed youth. The
skill upgradation trainings are organized in
various demand oriented courses like security
services, masonry, bar bending, IT enabled
services, LMV driving; bedsides nursing
assistants, Call Centre executives, hotel
management, garment making, Auto Cad,
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
hardware etc. and assisting the youth in
getting placement in various private
organizations as a part of wage employment.
During 2008-09, placements were provided
to 32,682 members with a minimum salary
of Rs.2,500/- and above.
For the year 2009-10, a sum of Rs.1,924.13
lakhs is provided and is targeted to provide
benefit to 6,000 youth in ongoing programs.
HOUSING
8.18 Andhra Pradesh has been the pioneer in
implementing “Housing for all” duly aiming
at the objective of National Housing Policy
of “Shelter for all” and committed to making
“Housing for all” a reality. Key principles
followed in implementing the housing
programme are:
• Providing affordable housing with
adequate amenities and healthy
environment for Economically Weaker
Sections.
• Facilitating access to affordable housing
for the Lower Income Groups both, in
rural and urban areas.
• Complementing construction of housing
with provision of basic services to ensure
clean and comfortable cities and towns.
The pioneering effort of the Andhra Pradesh
State Housing Corporation Limited
(APSHCL) in motivating and educating
beneficiaries and introducing the concept of
“Self-Helf and Mutual-Help” has succeeded
not only in creating awareness among the
beneficiaries to drive away from exploitation
by middlemen and in reducing the cost of
construction by adoption of Cost-Effective
and Eco-Friendly Technologies, but also
helped in capacity building and utilization of
human resources among rural and poor. The
introduction of Beneficiaries’ Melas and
Preconstruction orientation programs helped
immensely in increasing the willing
participation of the beneficiaries.
To meet the demand of building materials
and also to minimize the cost of construction,
APSHCL is encouraging the production and
usage of Cost Effective and Eco Friendly
materials by the beneficiaries. 88 Nirmithi
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Kendras/ Sub Nirmithi Kendras were
established all over the State on spreading the
use of such materials and technologies. So
far, Rs.412.60 Lakhs worth of building
components such as Sand Cement Blocks,
Fal- G Blocks, Pre-Cast door and Window
frames, Cement Jallies, RCC Rafters etc.,
have been produced and utilized for the
housing program.
Under Weaker Section Housing Program,
since inception till the end of September
2009, 91,73,067 houses have been completed
comprising of 84,36,505 in rural area and
7,36,562 in urban areas. Year wise
achievements upto September 2009 are given
in Annexure 8.14.
Rajiv Swagruha:
Government of Andhra Pradesh embarked
upon a unique and ‘affordable housing’
scheme called “Rajiv Swagruha” for
moderate income groups in the urban area of
the State in the year 2007. The project is
demand driven and self financed. It provides
an ‘enabling environment’ for fulfilling the
shortage of appropriate housing to the needy.
The mandate of the state government is to
provide the houses at cost 25% less than the
prevailing local market.
Rajiv Swagruha Corporation Limited is
incorporated as a ‘special purpose vehicle’
for implementing the scheme
Demand Assessment:
A Demand survey was conducted to assess
the choice of applicant for each category of
flats/houses during March - April’07 and
1.75 lakh applications in 98 Municipalities
were qualified for construction. Initially, the
‘tentative cost’ is notified. The final cost is
calculated at the finishing stage of the
project.
Progress:
The construction of housing programme
under Rajiv Swagruha is under progress.
Projects were prepared for construction of
85,961 houses/flats; out of which projects
have been awarded and grounded for
construction of 49,353 units upto September
2009. Construction of 1,140 flats at
Chandanagar, Hyderabad has been
completed.
***
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND
SANITATION
8.19 The Government is determined to solve the
drinking water problem in rural areas with
the following objectives -
• Delivery of safe, potable drinking water
to all rural people.
• Safe water to fluoride, brackish and other
polluted habitations.
• Upgradation of all habitations to fully
covered status.
• Proper sanitation facilities to all
habitations.
The funds for implementing schemes / works
meant for providing drinking water facilities
and sanitation facilities to the habitations are
allocated under various programmes of State
and Central Government such as ARWSP,
SMP, DDP, TFC, Ambedkar Jeevan
Dhara(AJD), Rajiv Pallebata, Sector
Reforms, Swajaladhara and other external
agencies as well. Funds are being tapped in
the form of loans from NABARD, HUDCO
also.
Infrastructure Created
There are 3,26,506 hand pumps, 47,839 PWS
Schemes and 476 CPWS Schemes (incl. SSP
Schemes) existing as on 01.04.2009.
Rural Water Supply: Ongoing program
During the year 2009-10, 13,375
(13016+259) works are on hand with a cost
of Rs.3019.75 Crores to cover 9,513
habitations. So far, Rs.332.14 Crores was
spent covering 5,558 habitations. The
balance works are in progress.
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
The TSC projects are sanctioned in 22
districts in the State in a phased manner from
1999-2000 to 2006 by GOI with matching
share from State Govt. beneficiaries and
panchayats. The programme is sanctioned
with a target of 67,18,607 Individual
Sanitary Latrines (ISLs) to be constructed in
rural areas for BPL families, 1,14,871 School
toilets and 15,645 Anganwadi toilets.
Against whch, 39,39,689 ISLs, 96,823
School Toilets, and 4,789 Anganwadi toilets
have been constructed upto March, 2009.
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)
emphasizes more on information, education
162
 and communication (IEC), human resource
development, and capacity development
activities to increase awareness and demand
generation for sanitation facilities.
State Government have taken up massive
programme by providing matching share for
the amounts released by the GOI.
During 2009-10, so far, 98,048 ISLs, 1795
School toilets and 632 Anganwadi toilets
have been constructed so far as against the
targeted 8,44,535 ISLs, 19,167 school toilets
and 10,873 Anganwadi toilets.
***
PUBLIC HEALTH AND
MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING
8.20 An independent department of Public
Health and Municipal Engineering and a
separate service called Public Health and
Municipal Engineering Service were
constituted in June 1960.
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation
Public Health and Municipal Engineering
Department is incharge of Investigation,
Design, preparation of Estimates and Plans
and execution of Water Supply and Sewerage
Schemes in all 110 Municipalities and 12
Municipal Corporations (excluding Greater
Hyderabad Municipal Corporation,
Vijayawada Municipal Corporation and
Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal
corporation.)
Water Supply Improvement Schemes are
being taken up in Urban Local bodies from
time to time to improve per capita water
supply on par with National Standards. In
addition to the above, the technical control
over all engineering works is done by
Engineer-in-Chief (PH). The operation and
maintenance of Water Supply and Sewerage
Schemes is being attended by the respective
Municipalities and Municipal Corporations.
Status of Water Supply:
As per the standards stipulated in Central
Public Health Engineering Environmental
Organization (CPHEEO) manual, the rate of
drinking water supply to be maintained is as
follows:
• Town with Under Ground Drainage –
135 lpcd
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• Town without Under Ground Drainage
– 70 lpcd
The State Government has given top priority
to provide protected drinking water to all
urban local bodies by strengthening the
existing infrastructure and service levels.
During last five years, 54 water supply
schemes with an estimated cost of Rs.508.17
crores were completed adding 365 MLD of
water, raising the installed capacity from 934
MLD to 1,299 MLD and thereby the average
water supply was raised from 63LPCD to
85LPCD.
During 2009-10, 12 water supply schemes
were completed and commissioned so far,
under plan, UIDSSMT and HUDCO grants,
duly adding 129.03 MLD of water at a cost
of Rs.161.27 crores.
After commissioning of the above Water
Supply Schemes, the water supply scenario
in the State is as follows:
The normal daily water supplies in various
Urban Local Bodies are varying from 65
LPCD to 100 LPCD and water supply is
regulated as detailed below.
Daily - 81
Alternate Days - 30
Once in three days - 8
Once in four days and above - 3
• A total of 34,293 Nos. bore wells are
existing (Power and Hand bores) in 122
Urban local bodies. 33,119 Nos. are
functioning.
• At Present 901 Nos. of tankers are
making 4,119 Nos. of trips per day to un-
served areas in 122 Urban Local Bodies.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban
Renewal Mission (JNNURM):
Government of India has launched the
JNNURM in the year 2005-06 with a
budgetary provision of Rs.50,000 crores for a
period of seven years, the mission will
initially cover about 60 cities and provide
grant assistance to them for specified
activities.
UIDSSMT (Urban Infrastructure Develop-
ment Scheme for Small and Medium Towns)
Scheme is a component of JNNURM
Programme launched with an aim to provide
Urban Infrastructure in the Sector of Water
Supply, Under Ground Drainage, Storm
163
Water Drains, Solid Waste Management and
Transportation in Non-mission Urban local
bodies (ULBs) in a planned manner.
The scheme applies to all ULBs in the state
excluding mission Cities i.e., Hyderabad,
Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam.
The funding pattern is in the ratio of
80:10:10 between Government of India,
Government of Andhra Pradesh and ULB.
Schemes under Implementation:
Urban Infrastructure Development
Scheme for Small and Medium Towns
(UIDSSMT):
98 projects costing Rs.3399.35 Crores have
been cleared so far, in various SLSCs
covering 76 ULB’s. The funding pattern is
80 % and 10 % grant by Central Government
and State Government respectively and the
balance 10% and inadmissible component
could be raised by the ULB/ nodal/
implementing agencies from the financial
institutions. In our state, the ULB share is
being borne by the State Govt.
Out of 98 projects sanctioned, 68 are under
water sector costing Rs.2268.22 Crores, 12
are under Sewerage sector costing Rs.625.86
Crores, 13 are under Storm Water costing
Rs.374.40 Crores, 4 are under Roads costing
Rs.127.00 Crores and 1 under Solid Waste
costing Rs.3.87 Crores. So far, GOI has
released funds in respect of 84 Projects and 2
projects converted into UIandG. Out of these
98 projects, 12 Projects of water supply and 2
Projects of SWD and 1 project of UGD and 1
project of road are completed and the
remaining projects are in progress.
Integrated Housing and Slum
Development Programme ( IHSDP):
43 projects costing Rs.480.39 Crores have
been sanctioned covering 41ULB’s with a
funding pattern of 80:10:10 between Central
Government, State Government and ULB.
Out of 43 Projects, execution of 30 Projects
costing Rs.409.86 Crores has been entrusted.
27 projects are in progress and the balance 3
projects are at tender stage.
HUDCO and Plan Schemes:
15 Nos. of schemes are under progress with
HUDCO loan (14 WS and 1 UGD) at a cost
of Rs 542.83 Crores. Out of these,1 water
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
supply scheme and 1 UGD are completed
and the balance schemes are in progress.
13 Projects are taken up with Plan grants (10
WS, 1 UGD, 1 SWD, 1 Traffic and
Transportation) at a cost of Rs 276.63Crores
with an MLD of 57.35. Out of these, 3 water
supply schemes are completed and the
balance schemes are in progress.
By March 2011, the balance 56 water supply
schemes costing Rs.2079.26 crores under
UIDSSMT, and 11 water supply schemes
costing Rs.446.79 crores under HUDCO, and
7 water supply schemes costing Rs.117.80
crores are targeted to be completed, duly
adding 846 MLD. By completing all the
above said schemes, the installed capacity
will be raised from 1299 MLD to 2274 MLD
and thereby the average water supply will be
raised from 85 LPCD to 153 LPCD.
Under Ground Drainage Schemes:
Presently only one town, Tirupathi is fully
covered with under ground drainage system
in the ongoing schemes. Eluru, Rajamundry,
Guntur, Nellore and Tenali are covered about
10% to 20%. Works of under ground
drainage system are in progress in Tadipatri
and Pulivendula towns.
UIDSSMT- under ground drainage
Three under ground drainage schemes for
Municipal Corporations are sanctioned at an
estimated amount of Rs.243.11 Crores by
GOI for 1.Karimnagar 2.Kadapa 3.Nizambad
and works are awarded to agencies and
works are under progress. Another three
under ground drainage schemes, other than
Municipal Corporations, are sanctioned at an
estimated amount of Rs.133.30 Crores by
GOI for Nalgonda, Miryalaguda and
Narsaraopet municipalities and works are
under progress.
Another Six Under ground drainage schemes
are sanctioned at an estimated cost of
Rs.249.45Crores for which GOI Releases are
awaited for Tirupati, Proddutur,
Yemmiganur, Nandyal, Tadepalligudem and
Nagari ETP.By March 2011, the balance 12
UGD schemes costing Rs.675.86 crores
under UIDSSMT and 1 UGD scheme costing
Rs.78.38 crores under Plan are targeted to be
completed.
***
164
 MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION
AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT
8.21 Urban Sanitation- Door to Door Garbage
Collection:
There are 124 urban Local bodies i.e., 110
Municipalities and 14 Corporations in the
state, except Greater Hyderabad Municipal
Corporation (GHMC). The total garbage
generated is 8,701 MTD and the garbage
lifted is 8,178 MTD (94%). About 92% of
the 32,50,857 households in these ULBs
were covered. The length of drains cleaned is
21,381.22 Kms against total drains length of
23,240.46 Kms.(92%). The length of roads
swept is 18,627.57 Kms as against the total
roads of 19,816.57 Kms length (94%).
Municipal Solid Waste Management
The 12th Finance Commission has
recommended allocation of Rs 374.00 crores
to the State during the years 2005-10. The
Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken a
decision to utilize the entire amount for
implementation of Solid Waste Management
in the ULBs and an amount of Rs.337.18
lakhs was released to the ULBs so far. The
emphasis is mainly on acquisition of land for
compost yards. Government decided to
utilize TFC grants for acquisition of Land for
the purpose of compost yards in the State on
need basis.
The following is the status of availability of
land in the ULBs.
• No. of ULBs having no land - 16
• No. of ULBs having partial land
(below 10 acres) - 86
• No.of ULBs having adequate land - 22
(more than 15 acres)
Instructions were already issued to the
Municipal Commissioners to purchase land
where no/inadequate land is available for
composting as per norms.
Progress on Waste to Energy Projects:
All Urban Local Bodies are grouped into 19
clusters for management of Municipal Solid
Waste in Urban Local Bodies. Approvals
have been accorded to 5 Waste to Energy
projects after the recommendations of the
Technical Committee and State Level
Official Committee covering 62 ULBs in 5
clusters.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Rajiv Nagara Bata (RNB)
An innovative program called “Rajiv Nagara
Bata” (RNB) had been launched from 9th
January 2005 in all the Urban Local Bodies
with the following objectives:
• Provision of adequate water, drainage
system, street lighting, roads etc., with an
emphasis on basic infrastructure in areas
inhabited by the poor people.
• Ration cards to households to all eligible
people below poverty line.
• Providing houses to eligible houseless
under permanent Housing/VAMBAY
schemes.
• Providing minimal infrastructure in
community and religious institutions like
temples mosques, churches etc.
• Creating sufficient employment
opportunities through building of required
skills.
Under the program, a total 748 assurances
have come up with a cost of Rs.4,296.16
crores, of these 618 assurances have been
redressed with an amount of Rs.3,021.56
crores.
INDIRAMMA in Municipal Areas
The scheme is aimed to develop all the wards
in the Municipal Area over a period of three
years by saturating them with identified basic
infrastructure facilities and welfare measures
in a focused and time bound manner.
Government have notified that 1,270 wards
in the 1st phase, 1,380 wards in the 2nd phase
and 1,279 wards in 3rd phase are to be
covered under this programme.
Pensions
The old age, widow, weaver and disabled
persons are assisted by way of pensions. In
the 1st phase 1,95,141 pensioners, in the 2nd
phase 2,56,747 and in the third phase
1,94,868 pensioners have been assisted under
INDIRAMMA Programme.
Mission for Elimination of Poverty in
Municipal Areas (MEPMA) (IKP-
URBAN)
The poor in urban areas are organized into
Self Help Groups and they are brought
together into Slum Level Federations at slum
level and in to Town Level Federations at
town level. There are 21.78 lakh women in
165
1,98,019 self help groups in the 125 urban
local bodies. 90 % of the urban poor living in
7,447 slums in the state are organized into
SHGs.
Upto December 2009, 5,797 Slum Level
Federations and 17 Town Level Federations
have come into existence.
MEPMA is taking up placement linked skill
development training under the training
component of SJSRY/RUS. During 2009-10,
(upto December,09) 2,108 urban youth
persons were trained, of which, 1,163 got
placements. Another 12,082 persons are
undergoing trainings.
Under urban self employment programme
5,381 units were sanctioned for setting up of
gainful self employment ventures/micro
enterprises upto December,09.
SHG Bank linkage- Pavala Vaddi Sheme
The government is facilitating loans from
Institutional sources to SHGs @ 3% interest
rate under pavala vaddi scheme. During
2009-10, Rs.683.91 crores bank loans were
given to 64,875 SHGs. Under pavala vaddi
scheme, Rs.1.84 crores was provided upto
December,09.
Disability intervention
IKP urban has adopted a participatory
approach to support the persons with
disabilities in all local bodies by building
their capacitites to improve life skills and self
esteem. 0.65 lakh persons with disabilities
are organised into 10,175 exclusive SHGs
and they are federated into 96 Town
Vikalangula Samakhyas. 97 Parent
Associations for mentally retarded also
formed during this year.
Under Dr.Y.S.R Abhayahastam /
Insurance Scheme, 12,252 eligible
pensioners were provided with pensions for
the month November, 2009.
MEPMA has takenup various other new
initiatives like Rickshaw Bandhu for
Rickshaw pullers, AASARA for the senior
citizens, conducting street vendors survey,
and slum survey(profiling) etc. in all the
urban local bodies.
***
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
HYDERABAD METROPOLITAN
DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
8.22 The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development
Authority (HMDA) was constituted on
24.8.2008 (previously known as HUDA) for
the purpose of planning, co-ordination,
supervising, promoting and securing planned
development of the Hyderabad Metropolitan
Region. The important development
programmes implemented are:
1. P.V.N.R. Elevated Expressway:
The Project has been taken up to provide
express connectivity to the International
Airport at Shamshabad.
The project consists of:
a) ‘Elevated Expressway’ from Sarojinidevi
Eye Hospital to Aramghar Junction on
NH 7 via Retibowli and Inner Ring Road.
It is a Four-lane elevated divided
carriageway of 2 lanes on either side. The
total length of the elevated portion is
11.633 Km.
b) An ‘underpass’ to NH at Aramgarh
junction to facilitate traffic from and to
elevated corridor towards Chandrayana
gutta and Vijayawada highway.
c) A ‘trumpet interchange’ at Shamshabad to
facilitate easy access to the International
Airport on NH - 7. It’s a four lane
carriage way.
d) Along with the Elevated Expressway it is
also proposed for Upgradation and
Widening of existing four –lane
carriageway of Inner Ring Road from
Retibowli Jn to Aramgarh Jn to Six-lane
carriageway to a total length 8.70 Km
along with necessary improvements of
Junctions.
The estimated cost of works is Rs. 450
Crores. The overall project cost is Rs. 600
Crores including Land Acquisition, Shifting
of utilities, environmental management plan
etc.
The project is taken up on EPC Basis. Period
of completion is 26 months. The work was
entrusted to at a cost of Rs 439 Crores. The
work was commenced on 1-9-2006.
166
Status as on 30-09-2009:
• Trumpet Interchange on NH7 at Airport Jn.
- Completed and opened to traffic on 15-
09-2008.
• Under Pass on NH7 at Aramghar Jn.
- Completed and opened to traffic on 7-2-
2009.
• Expressway - Completed expect certain
finishing Works.
2. Flyover at Lungerhouse Junction:
To tackle the heavy traffic congestion at
Lungerhouse Junction on Hyderabad
Chevella Road, it is proposed to construct a
flyover at a cost of Rs.17 Crores. The
foundation stone for the project was laid on
1st January 2007.
Salient features of the Flyover:
• Proposed flyover alignment - along the
direction from Nanal Nagar chowk to Bapu
Ghat.
• Total Length of the flyover is 695 mts.
Carriage Way – Four lane divided
carriageway (two lane each direction).
Width of the proposed flyover – 15 mts
(O/S of Crash barrier)
• Tenders called on EPC basis and work is
let out in January 2007.
Status as on 30-09-2009:
• 75% of work completed.
• The balnce work is in active progress and
programmed to be completed before
March, 2010.
3. Development and construction of Bus
Terminus and Business Center at Old
Gandhi Hospital Site, Secunderabad
The Government have issued instructions to
develop and construct the Bus Terminus cum
Business Center in an area of 11 acres at old
Gandhi Hospital site, Secunderabad. The
HMDA has prepared the conceptional plans
by engaging Consultants. The proposal
consists of 3 basement floors ground and 23
upper floors for parking 4 wheelers, 2
wheelers Bus Terminus, Business Centers,
Restaurant and food court and also
accommodations for railways and APSRTC
offices with access to bus terminus from
MRTS through foot-over-bridges. The
estimated project cost is revised to Rs. 600
Crores.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Status
• M/s STUP Consultants and M/s Capital
Fortunes are the Technical and Financial
consultants (respectively) for the Project.
• Tenders were invited on BOT basis and
there is no response.
• Financial Restructuring of the Project is on
the way.
4. ROB on Spinal Road at Kukatpally:
The Spinal Road connecting NH-9 to
Madhapur area is completed by HMDA. The
construction of ROB on Spinal Road at
Kukatpally near MMTS Station is taken up.
4-lane divided carriageway with 910 mts
length and 21.5 mts Width and the estimated
cost is Rs. 25 Crores. The foundation stone
for ROB was laid in December 2006. An
Agreement was concluded with M/s IJM
Infrastructures Ltd
Status as on 30-09-2009.
• 45% work of substructure and
superstructure completed.
• Expected Date of Completion August
2010.
5. Stadium cum Sports Complex at
Katedhan:
HMDA proposed to take up mini stadia in
the surrounding municipalities of erstwhile
MCH Area to promote sports and
recreational activities. Initially one sports
complex is proposed at Katedhan.
Status as on 30-09-2009:
Administrative Sanction for an amount of Rs.
7.50 Crores was issued for Katedhan sports
complex. The sports complex is planned with
the following features - Basketball, Hand
ball, Volley ball and tennis courts and Indoor
stadium. All works except Indoor Stadium
are nearing completion.
Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area
Improvement Project funded by Japan
International Cooperation Agency
formerly JBIC
Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area
Improvement Project covers aspects of
improvement of lake water quality by
preventing pollutants entering into the lake,
catchment area improvement and
construction of additional STP, ugradation of
existing STP, dredging the contaminated
167
sediments of the lake bed and increasing the
eco-tourism potentiality.
The project cost is Rs. 370 Crores, of which
JICA is funding Rs. 310 Crores as a soft
loan. The Government of India and JBIC
have entered into an agreement on 31-3-2006
for Rs. 310 Crores for “Hussain Sagar Lake
and Catchment Area Improvement Project”.
The Project period is 2006-2012.
Project Progress:
M/s. NJS Consultants of Japan were
appointed as Project Management
Consultants for preparation of DPRs and
construction and supervision of the Project.
The works of construction of 30 Mld STP at
Picket Nala, 5 Mld STP at Rangadhamuni
Cheruvu, upgradation of 20 Mld STP at
Balkapur Nala are in progress.
The shoreline improvement activity under
Shore Area Development is in progress.
I&D works at Picket Nalla, Balkapur Nalla,
Fatehnagar, Prakash Nagar and Necklace
Road at Kukatpally Nalla all under
construction.
1600mm dia RCC Ring Main from
Kukatpally Nala at Necklace Road to Buddha
Bhavan, 1600mm RCC Pipe Jacking at Boats
Club, Trunk Main and diversion weir at
Rangadhamuni Lake (IDL), 1400mm RCC
Bala Nagar Main all in progress.
Dredging pre-qualification in progress.
Repair of Surplus Weir – under review.
Installation of Aeration Equipment – review
of techniques in progress
Shoreline Improvement – in progress e.g
Khairatabad Flyover, proposed Ecopark
opposite KIMS, Sanjeevaiah Park to Boats
Club shore improvement works
Nalla Improvement – in progress e.g walls
constructed along nallas
Public awareness and Community
development activities are under progress
through 5 NGO Groups in 22 lake
surrounding colonies.
Urban Greening Programme:
During 2009-10, HMDA proposed urban
greening activities under Government Vacant
Lands, Greenbelts along road margins and
homestead planting components with the
financial outlay of Rs. 1725 Lakhs.
The prime objectives of the urban greening
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
programme are:
Greening the HMDA area to reduce air, noise
and water pollution.
Conversion of unproductive lands into
greenery to provide gainful employment to
rural poor especially women.
Income generation for the women through
Nursery raising activity.
HMDA Nurseries:
HMDA caters to the environment
upgradation of Hyderabad Metropolitan
Development Area by developing and
supplying various types of seedlings for
multiple urban uses like ornamental plants,
shade bearing plants, fruit bearing plants,
fodder and fuel needs of the urban and peri
urban population. It is proposed to raise 5.00
Lakh seedlings with 40 varieties of species
during 2009-10 in 11 central nurseries by the
Urban Forestry wing all around HMA area.
Outer Ring Road Project - Status
Government of Andhra Pradesh have taken
up major infrastructure facilities in
Hyderabad City and one among them is
construction of Outer Ring Road. The 158
Km long Outer Ring Road passes through
Patancheru (on NH-9) – Kandlakoi near
Medchal (on NH-4) – Shamirpet (on Rajiv
Rahadari) – Ghatkesar (on NH-202) – Pedda
Amberpet (on NH-9) – Shamshabad (on NH-
7) – Patancheru (on NH-9) providing
connectivity to various National Highways,
State Highways and MDRs. The ORR is
being taken up as an eight lane access
controlled expressway with a design speed of
120 KMPH. In addition, 2-lane service roads
on either side are being provided. The entire
project is being implemented in 3 phases.
Phase-I - From Gachibowli to Shamshabad-
24.38 Km. The works are taken up in
contract packages at an estimated cost of
Rs.699 crores and works commenced in July
2006. 4-lane of ORR is completed and the
stretch opened for traffic during November,
2008. The phase-I works are expected to be
completed by June, 2010. The progress of
work by the end of December, 2009 is
Rs.317.27 crores on both the packages.
Phase-IIA: From Narsingi to Patancheru and
Shamshabad to Pedda Amberpet of length
62.30Km is divided into 5 contract packages.
168
 These works (with an estimated cost of Rs.
2439 Crores) are taken up on BOT (Annuity).
Works are commenced on December, 2007
and are expected to be completed as per
schedule (i.e.) by June, 2010. The progress
of work by the end of Dec. 2009 is Rs.
1251.36 Crores on all the 5 Packages.
Phase-IIB: From Patancheru to Pedda
Amberpet via Kandlakoi, Shamirpet,
Ghatkesar of length 71.30 Km is divided into
6 contract packages. The estimated cost is
Rs.3,558 Crores and are being taken up with
the loan assistance of JICA. The 3 Packages
works from Patancheru to Shamirpet were
commenced in June, 2009 and to be
completed by November, 2011. An amount
of Rs.104.93 Crores is spent on all the 3
Packages by the end of Dec’ 2009.
Procurement for the balance 3 Contract
Packages and Supervision Consultancy
Contract in the stretch from Shamirpet to
Pedda Amberpet has been initiated and is in
progress.
***
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
8.23 Rural Development was a part of Forest
and Rural Development Department prior to
1985. Rural Development wing from the
Secretariat has been transferred to the
Commissionerate of Panchayat Raj and Rural
Development in October,1985 for effective
implementation of various rural development
programmes. A separate Commissioner of
Rural Development was posted as Head of
the Rural Development department in the
year 1994, de-linking it from the Panchayat
Raj wing. The department had two major
wings namely DPAP and Wage Employment
and SHGs wing. The Commissionerate of
Rural Development was further bifurcated in
the year 2001, into a)Commissionerate of
Rural Development and b) Commissionerate
of Women Empowerment and Self
Employment. The Women Empowerment
and Self Employment wing was again
merged with the Commissionerate of Rural
Development in 2005.
At the district level, the District Rural
Development Agencies (DRDAs) are
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
implementing the programmes of Rural
Development sponsored by Government of
India under the administrative control of the
Commissioner, Rural Development.
A separate Project Directorate was
sanctioned in 1991 for implementing
Watershed and Wage Employment
Programmes for Ananthapur district.
Subsequently, Project Directorates were
created in the 11 DPAP districts taking into
account the work load involved in watershed
and wage employment programmes.
The Government have constituted a Water
Conservation Mission (WCM) with the
Commissioner, Rural Development as the
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in the year
2000. Under the Water Conservation
Mission, large scale water conservation /
water harvesting activities were taken up in
all the 22 rural districts. While implementing
these activities a need was felt to have
separate wing for water management in the
10 non-DPAP districts also. Towards this,
separate establishment for water management
and wage employment at district level was
created in 2001. For the sake of uniformity
all the projects handling watersheds and
wage employment programmes have been re-
designated as District Water Management
Agencies (DWMAs). The DWMAs are
implementing both DPAP and Wage
Employment programmes .
50% of our lands are degraded and nearly
30% of our people are poor (below poverty
line). With proper planning, scientific
approach and efficient management it is
possible to increase the productivity of
degraded lands, while creating huge
employment opportunities for the poor. It is
now firmly believed that the development of
degraded lands is an important input required
for eradication of poverty.
Towards this direction following
programmes are being implemented by office
of Commissioner, Rural development.
1.Watersheds Development Programmes
(DPAP, DDP, IWDP)
2.Comprehensive Land Development
Programmes (Indira prabha under RIDF
IX, X XIII),
169
3.Wage Employment Programmes (NREGS-
AP)
All the three programmes are being
implemented and monitored through the
software solution RAGAS (Rashtra
Grameena Abhivridhi Samacharam). The
entire data is every day uploaded into central
server and the reports are visible in
respective websites, thus bringing in
transparency and accountability to these
programmes.
Watershed Development Programmes
In order to combat the recurring drought
conditions in the state, Watershed
Development Programmes are being
implemented under centrally sponsored
DPAP, DDP and IWDP schemes. Watershed
programmes are concentrated only in rainfed
areas which have undulating terrain and are
prone for degradation of soil (soil erosion).
These areas are generally characterized by
very poor groundwater profile.
A series of structures like sunken pits,
rockfill dams, percolation tanks, check dams,
farm ponds, earthen bunding vegetative
barriers, plantations etc., are constructed to
reduce the velocity of water and allow
percolation. They also control soil erosion
and improve vegetative cover on the land so
as to augment productivity. Status of
watershed development is shown in
Table.8.25.
Watershed Development Programme. Soil
and Moisture Conservation, Water
Harvesting, Ground Water Recharge,
Improvement of vegetation and Bio-mass,
Wasteland Development etc., are the main
components of Watershed Development
Programmes. Apart from these, the
promotion of Watershed based livelihoods
for the resource poor is also included as one
important component since 2004, after the
Andhra Pradesh Rural Livelihoods Project
supported by DFD provided the necessary
learnings on providing sustainable
livelihoods to the rural poor. The GoI had
issued comprehensive Guidelines on
Watershed Development Projects in 1995
and revised them from time to time. In 2003-
04, Hariyali guidelines were issued by GoI to
provide more role for the Gram Panchayats.
In 2008, GOI have issued New Common
guidelines for Watershed Development
Projects bringing all schemes under one
umbrella and providing for cluster approach
wherein contiguous areas upto 5,000 ha. will
be taken up for treatment. So far, 9,301
Watersheds covering an area of 46.50 Lakh
have been sanctioned, of which, 4,741
Watersheds with an area of 23.70 lakhs are
completed. These watersheds include
sanctioned under other programmes like
EAS, APRLP and APHM etc. Presently, the
following schemes are under
implementation.

Table 8.25 Drought Prone Area Programme –

Progress of Watersheds (DPAP/DDP)
(Numbers)
Sanctioned Comple Under
This is a centrally sponsored scheme funded
Scheme by Central and State on 50:50 basis upto
ted progress
DPAP 4,242 1,608 2,634 IVth batch i.e., 1998-99 and 75:25 cost
DDP 1,054 206 848 sharing basis from 1999-2000 onwards. It is
IWDP 1,499 421 1,078 aimed at developing the drought prone areas
Others with an objective of drought proofing by
(EAS, APRLP, 2,506 2,506 -
APHM) taking up soil and moisture conservation,
Total 9,301 4,741 4,560 water harvesting structures, afforestation and
Source: Rural Development Department horticulture programmes on a comprehensive
micro watershed basis. DPAP scheme is
Integrated Natural Resources Management, being implemented in 94 DPAP Blocks of 11
following the ‘ridge-to-valley’ approach in districts and Desert Development
selected micro watersheds of approximately Programme (DDP) is being implemented in
500 ha. area, with total participation of the 16 Blocks of Ananthapur District since 1995-
local community is the main objective of the 96.

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 170

Integrated Waste Land Development
Programme (IWDP)
Rapid depletion of green cover and vast
stretches of marginal lands lying fallow,
found to be causing enormous ecological
imbalance and productivity is also negligent
on account of soil erosion and
marginalization of lands. To arrest this,
massive integrated wasteland development
project was under taken during 1992 with
100% central assistance. The programme of
dry land development in A.P. under went a
major change from 1995-96 with the
introduction of new watershed guidelines.
IWDP is implemented in non-DPAP blocks
of DPAP districts and in all non-DPAP
districts. The Government of India has
communicated new guidelines called
Hariyali, is implemented in the watersheds
during the year 2003-04.The area is treated
with soil and moisture conservation works,
water harvesting structures, afforestation
from ridge to valley concept.
A total of 83 (1078 watersheds) ongoing
projects are under implementation to treat an
area of 5.38 lakh Ha. So far, 4.79 lakh Ha
area has been treated out of the total area of
7.45 lakh Ha under IWDP in A.P.
Indira Prabha : Comprehensive Land
Development Project (CLDP)
Objective of the Scheme: The main
objective of the scheme is to provide an
Integrated and Comprehensive Livelihood
options centered and development of
compact blocks of assigned land owned by
poor SC, ST, BC and Others. A minimum of
50% of physical and financial benefits would
go in favour of SCs and 10% for STs. The
Project was launched in November 2004.
An amount of Rs.599.18 crores has been
sanctioned under RIDF-IX, X and XIII
Projects covering an area of 5.28 lakh acres
belonging to 3.54 lakh families. RIDF-IX
and RIDF-X were launched in November
2004 and RIDF-XIII was launched in
October 2007.
RIDF-IX: NABARD has sanctioned 827
Projects with financial outlay of Rs.200.31
crores and so far an expenditure of Rs.160.41
crores has been incurred.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
RIDF-X: NABARD has sanctioned 836
Projects with financial outlay of Rs.248.60
crores and so far an expenditure of Rs.165.30
crores has been incurred.
RIDF –XIII: NABARD has sanctioned 22
projects, one in each district, with a financial
outlay of Rs. 150.26 crores and so far, an
expenditure of Rs. 51.48 crores has been
incurred.
Government released an amount of
Rs.445.88 crores so far under RIDF(IX,X
and XIII) and an amount of Rs.377.19 crores
has been spent as on 30.09.2009 and 3.51
lakh acres has been developed.
National Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme (NREGS as on 9-10-2009)
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
gives legal guarantee of providing at least
100 days of wage employment to rural
households whose adult members are willing
to do unskilled manual labour. This Scheme
is implemented in 22 districts of Andhra
Pradesh, 13 districts in Phase I, 6 districts in
Phase II and 3 districts in Phase III (except in
Hyderabadad)
First time in the history of the country, this
Act gives entitlement to every rural
household to demand for wage employment.
It is State government’s responsibility to
provide 100 days of employment to each
household. The Act also gives entitlements
like worksite facilities such as safe drinking
water, shade at worksite, crèche for the
children under five years etc., Under this
Act, if an applicant for employment under
the scheme is not provided such employment
with the receipt of application within 15 days
he shall be entitled to a daily unemployment
allowance. The rate of unemployment
allowance shall be ¼ of the wage rate for the
first 30 days and half-of-the wage rate for the
remaining entitled period of the financial
year.
The program has been grounded in AP on a
strong footing with the following non-
negotiables.
ƒ Contractors and labour displacing
machinery shall not be engaged.
ƒ Every registered rural household shall be
provided not less than 100 days of wage
employment in a financial year.
171
ƒ Payment of wages shall be made at least
once in a fortnight.
ƒ Equal wages shall be paid to men and
women. Works approved by the
Grampanchayat (identified in the Gram
Sabha) at village level, Mandal Parishad
at Mandal Level and Zilla Parishad at
District level, only shall be taken up.
Best Practices - MIS:
• Total program is being run through a
specially designed software to make the
system more accountable and transparent.
This helped to minimize corruption and
to minimize the time taken for various
processes.
• Pay slips are generated in Computer and
distributed to the labour at their door
steps. Pay slips carry information about
the amount of wages deposited in the
accounts of labour
• Entire information about Job card
holders, works, muster rolls, expenditure,
and progress are put in public domain
through website nrega.ap.gov.in.
• The above information can be accessed at
District, Mandal, Village and household
level.
Social Audit:
Andhra Pradesh is the only State which
established a full-fledged Social Audit Unit
at the State level with exclusive Staff. The
Unit works independently and reports to
Government. So far, Social Audit has been
completed in 27,256 Gram Panchayats,
covering 960 mandals in 22 Districts in the
1st round, 364 mandals in 2nd round and 20
mandals in 3rd round. This is an effective tool
to check corruption and to enhance the
accountability to people. So far, more than
2,550 functionaries have been removed from
services or disciplinary actions have been
initiated. Rs.4.32 crores has been recovered
from erring officials.
Rural Standard Schedule of Rates
(RSSR):
• Rural Standard Schedule of Rates has
been prepared by conducting work time
motion studies. This is an initiative first
of its kind in rural development which
ensured earning of minimum wage by
workers.
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
• 30% extra wages are being allowed in
summer season keeping in view the
increased fatigue levels of the labour due
to high temperature.
• 30% allowance is also paid to disabled
group through out the year. The
additional allowance is to compensate
decreased output due to disability.
Wage Payments through Post Office
Accounts
To avoid middlemen and to make the
payments directly to the labourers, wage
payments are being made through individual
Post Office Accounts. So far, 1.26 Crore
individual accounts are opened.
Major initiatives towards livelihood
security under NREGS-AP:
1. Indiramma Cheruvulu - Comprehensive
restoration of MI tanks: 18,131 tanks are
taken up with an estimated cost of Rs. 1,778
crores. Out of which, 15,961 tanks are in
progress. So far, Rs 1,673.24 crores
(including desiltation) has been spent. 8,216
tanks are restored, stabilizing 9.3 lakh acres.
2. Horticulture: Horticulture is taken up on
the lands of the poor in 3.91 Lakh acres at
an estimated cost of Rs.800 Crores. Ongoing
SHM and APMIP projects are converged in
this initiative.
3. Land Development: An extent of 5.96
Lakh acres land lying fallow belonging to
SC/ST/ BPL families have been developed.
Activities like Land Leveling, silt
application, clearance of bushes, deep
ploughing etc. are taken up.
Awards
The NREGS-AP software and website have
been recognized as one of the best ICT
solution in the Country and world wide. So
far, ICT solution of NREGS –AP has won
the following awards.
i. Award for Excellence in e-governance
2006
ii. Manthan award for best e content website
2007
iii. Bronze Medal in National e-governance
awards for government website 2007-
2008
iv. Special mention at “Stockholm
Challenge Award – 2008” on 22-05-08
172
 for its excellence in the use of Average Wage rate
85.36
Information Technology. per day per person - 89.05
(Rs.)
v. Finalist in Stockholm GKP awards 2007.
vi. Runner up in Thailand egov. awards No. of Mandals Social 960
Audit completed
2007.
Smart Card 2nd round Mandals
364
It is a pilot initiative to make payments of
Government benefits to the beneficiaries 20
3rd round Mandals
through Smartcards which are backed by
bank accounts. The overall objectives of the
initiatives are: No. of Gram 27,256
i. Provide a operational frame work for Panchayats Social
Audit completed
increasing the outreach of main stream
banking and financial services to the
18,131
poorest of the poor by using technology No. of minor irrigation
tanks(Indiramma
based solutions. Cheruvulu) taken up
ii. Ensure efficient and timely transfer of
govt. benefits to the poor.
Estimated amount of 1,778
iii. Minimize the possibility of fraudulent MI Tanks (Rs. Crores)
payments.
iv. Ultimately to achieve Total Financial No. of Indiramma 8216
Inclusion through Smartcards. Cheruvulu completed
Details of NREGS are shown in Table 8.26.
Expenditure on 1673.24
Indiramma Cheruvu
Table 8.26
(including desiltation
Overview of NREGS and related) - Rs.
During Cumulative Crores
Item
2009-10 (upto 9-10-09)
Total No. of Job Cards Source: Rural Development Department
issued 5,81,630 1,19,08,018
Total No. of works 13,80,208 18,75,372 Andhra Pradesh Water, Land And Trees
sanctioned
Act-2002(APWALTA)
Total Value of works 19,827 23,719 The government of AP promulgated the
administratively
sanctioned (Rs. Crores)
Andhra Pradesh Water, Land and Trees Act-
2002 to promote water conservation, Tree
No. of Works cover and regulate the exploitation and use of
Completed
1,63,500 6,58,812
ground and surface water for protection and
Total Expenditure 2462 7566.5 conservation of water sources, land and
(Rs. Crores) environment in the entire state. The Act came
No. of Households into force with effect from 19-04-2002.For
provided wage 52,17,509 81,01,048
employment effective implementation of the Act,
No.of Individuals provision was made for the constitution of
provided wage 94,63,337 1,50,91,905 subsidiary authorities at District and Mandal
employment
levels. In view of the indiscriminate drilling
Person days generated 24.12 73.41 for bore wells, the ground water has been
( Crores)
depleting fast. Added to it, unscientific and
No. of households 6,04,884 15,63,691 reckless drilling has resulted in failure of
completed 100 days bores leading to farmers incurring heavy
Average no. of days
- losses. Keeping this in view, the government
employment provided 46.23 of AP have suitably amended the
per household
APWALTA Act and consequently, through

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 173

 comprehensive Rules-2004 have also been
brought out for effective implementation of
the Act.
The most important feature is introduction of
Single-Window Approach for speedy
clearance of the applications for new bore
wells.
Single-Window Approach: The farmers
desiring to drill a bore will apply to the
Village Secretary/MRO. The MRO takes the
feasibility of electricity from the
APTRANSCO and feasibility of ground
water from the Ground Water Department.
When both are feasible, the MRO gives
permission for drilling of new borewell.
Failed Borewell compensation scheme: All
farmers who obtain permission for drilling of
new agriculture borewells from the
concerned WALTA authority are covered
under this “failed Borewell Compensation
scheme”. If any bore well drilled after
securing necessary permission from the
concerned authority fails the farmer will be
eligible to get compensation up to
Rs.10,000/- All the cases will be settled by
the Project Director concerned.
Progress under APWALTA from 2005-06
to 2008-09 :
• 22.44 lakhs Agriculture Wells are
registered.
• 2,577 rigs are registered.
• 261 Geologists are empanelled.
• 9,951 applications are received for
permission of new well sinking.
• Feasibility given for 6,837 new agriculture
wells.
• 3,449 Villages are notified as over
exploited banning drilling of new bore wells.
• 1,076 sand mining cases are booked.
• Rs. 62.35 lakh collected toward penalty.
***
Poverty Alleviation and Social
Assistance Programs
8.24 Society for Elimination of Rural
Poverty(SERP):
Indira Kranthi Patham (IKP)
The main objective of Indira Kranthi Patham
is to enable all the rural poor families in 22
rural districts of Andhra Pradesh to improve
their livelihoods and quality of life. All
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
households below the poverty line, starting
from the poorest of the poor are the target
group of Indira Kranthi Patham.
Institution and Human Capacity Building
The Institution and Human Capacity
Building facilitates the formation and
strengthening of self managed institutions of
the poor and helps in building social and
human capital. There are 106.61 crore Self
Help Group(SHG) members in 9.33 lakh
SHGs organized into 36,391 Village
Organizations (VOs) and 1099 Mandal
Samakhyas(MSs). The SHGs in A.P.
constitute 27.74% of all SHGs in the country.
In addition to above (MSs), there are 126
Mandal Vikalangula Sangams, 17 Chenchu
Mandal Samakhyas, 7 Fishermen Mandal
Samakhyas and 20 Yanadi Mandal Samakyas
in the State. District Federations called Zilla
Samakhyas (ZS) have come into existence in
all the 22 districts. 33,260 (93%) Village
Organisations and 1,090 (99%) Mandal
Samakhyas 15 ZSs are registered under
Andhra Pradesh Mutually Aided Co-
operative Societies Act 1995, to provide a
legal entity and status to the federations.
Micro Finance and SHG Bank Linkages
The SHG-Bank Linkages is a great success
story in A.P. 25 Commercial Banks, 16
Regional Rural Banks and more than 4,000
branches are participating in the programme.
Bank lending has dramatically increased
from Rs.197.70 crores in 2001-02 to
Rs.6,649.44 crores in 2008-09. Andhra
Pradesh leads the country in SHG-Bank
Linkage Program with 50% of all bank loans
given to SHGs in India. During the year
2009-10, SERP has facilitated Rs 2545.77
crores of bank loans to 1,78,513 SHGs up to
November, 2009 as against the target of
Rs.9,000 crores. The year-wise progress is
given in Annexure 8.15.
Financial Access and Pavala Vaddi
Incentive
To encourage the women’s groups further
and also to achieve 100% repayment, the
State Government have introduced the
PAVALA VADDI scheme, where in the
174
government is reimbursing the SHG
members any interest paid by the SHGs over
and above 3% per annum. This has led to
significant improvement in loan repayment.
Under this initiative, 4,75,164 SHGs were
given Rs. 52.67 Crores in 2004-05 and 2005-
06. 2,90,825 SHGs were given Rs.50.02
Crores during 2006-07 and 5,54,359 SHGs
were given Rs112.30 Crores during 2007-08.
During the year 2008-09, Rs. 195.31 crores
interest subsidy was given to 7,14,930
groups. During 2009-10 (up to Nov. 09), an
amount of Rs.111.00 crores is given to 4.92
lakh groups. Thus, an amount of Rs. 521.30
crores is given to 25.28 lakh SHGs
(repeated finance) as Pavala Vaddi incentive
from inception of the Scheme.
Community Investment Fund (CIF)
The CIF provides resources to the poor
women SHG members to improve their
livelihoods. This component supports the
poor in prioritizing livelihood needs by
investments in sub-projects proposed and
implemented by the Community Based
Organizations (CBOs). The cumulative CIF
expenditure up to November 2009 is Rs.
913.38 Crores and the total number of
beneficiaries are 23,68,765.
Dairy Intervention
The dairy activity is a major livelihood
opportunity for the rural poor in Andhra
Pradesh. Milk procurement activity was
taken up on pilot basis in Nizamabad and
Mahabubnagar districts during 2006-07 and
it has helped the milk producers to get better
price for milk and promoted transparency in
Milk Procurement. This also triggered
intervention in milk productivity in the
villages. Based on the success evidenced in
the pilots, the same model is replicated in 18
more districts in the state during the year
2008-09. Bulk Milk Cooling Units (BMCUs)
with a capacity of 2000 to 5000 liters to
collect and chill to the desired temperature of
40 C were established in 171 mandals in the
state. In collaboration with the APDDCF
Ltd., the SHGs and their federations have
taken over 162 BMCUs covering 3400
Village Milk Procurement Centers with
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
1,39,875 milk producers have contributed
2.57 lakh liters of milk per day in peak
season and 1.79 lakh liters of milk per day in
lean season. The total quantity and the value
of the milk procured and supplied by the
SHG managed BMCUs during the year
2009-10 is 49,248 MTs and Rs.9849.60
lakhs. 25 Andhra Pradesh Bajra Napier
(APBN) fodder nurseries (perennial fodder)
have been established during this year for
supplying fodder slips to the farmers. About
1,025 acres of APBN is grown by
community members to supply green fodder
to the Milch animals in 412 villages of 16
districts.
69 Mini Feed Mixing Plants have been
sanctioned under PM package to BMCU
Mandal Samakhyas for preparation and
supply of Concentrate feed to community
members under feed credit programme. Out
of the 69 plants sanctioned, 25 plants have
been installed and were sanctioned a working
capital of Rs.3.00 Lakhs each. 9 plants have
already begun supplying feed to community
member farmers.
Land Purchase/Accessibility
Under this component, productive and ready
to use land with assured irrigation facility is
being given to the poorest of the poor
households in the rural areas. As on March
2009, an extent of 4,539.24 acres of land was
purchased and handed over to 5,303 poor
families, out of which 2,799 (53%) are from
SC families and 1979 (37%) are from ST
families. Under the Land Access Programme
up to November 2009, 2.58 lakh cases
related to land disputes of poor were resolved
and created the accessibility of 3.62 lakh
Acres to the SHG members.
Community Managed Sustainable
Agriculture (CMSA)
Community Managed Sustainable
Agriculture (CMSA) is meant to support the
poor farmers to adopt sustainable agriculture
practices, to reduce the costs of cultivation
and increase net incomes to improve and
sustain agriculture based livelihoods.
It is proposed to reach 4,024 villages in 300
mandals of 21 districts. It is intended to
175
cover 20.00 lakh acres in 2009-10 by Table 8.27
benefiting 6.45 lakh farmers. Out of the total Collective Marketing
2009-10
target set, for the year, 10.56 lakhs is covered
Item 2007-08 2008-09 (up to
upto end of November 2009 by benefitting Nov.09)
5.22 lakh farmers. Under CMSA, 154 MMS Involved 1036 845 559
resource villages were developed and 743 (No.)
seed banks were established to bring seed VOs involved 2071 1662 1193
sovereignty to farmers. (No.)
Families 3.01 2.17 2.32
Under NREGS Non-Pesticidal Management Covered
(NPM) convergence, 14,031 compost pits (No.in lakhs)
were dug upto July, 2009 for effective Commodities 79 65 34
composting and timely supply of compost, Handled (No.)
1,618 farm ponds were dug to conserve water Volume 47.30 59.30 64.12
(lakh Quintals)
and recharge ground water and 27,331 acres
Turnover (Rs. 320.15 492.16 593.03
tank silt applications were taken up. Crores)
Due to implementation of NPM practices, the Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
cost of cultivation has drastically reduced.
The range of savings varied from crop to Food Security
crop ranging from Rs.2,500/ha in case of In the lean Agricultural season, many of the
Paddy, to Rs.12,500/ha in case of Cotton and rural poor have barely one square meal a day.
Rs.37,500/ha for Chillies. During last year The Food Security Credit is a direct
total savings across the 18 districts reached to intervention to tackle the hunger gap in rural
an estimated amount of Rs.320.44 crores. areas. Village Organizations (VOs) estimate
the balance requirement of SHG members, in
Collective Marketing respect of rice and other essential
The marketing strategy of the project is to commodities, negotiate and buy better
enable the small, marginal farmers and NTFP quality of commodities at bulk, from the
collectors to obtain the best price for their open market and sell to their members at a
Forest Produce and agricultural commodities. price lower than the retail outlets. Under this
It also aims at to minimize the cost of inputs initiative, 12,26,606 families in 1,24,650
to the rural poor farmers and offer SHGs in 9263 VOs were provided food
remunerative prices for their produce. The security upto November, 2009.
marketing intervention of IKP has registered
a significant increase in this financial year
Jobs for Rural Youth
with pick up in paddy procurement activity.
The V.Os have successfully implemented Employment Generation and Marketing
village level collective marketing of Neem, Mission (EGMM) was set up to address the
Redgram, Greengram, Chillies, Paddy, needs of the next generation of the large net
Maize, Turmeric, Cashew, and NTFP besides work of SHGs created and nurtured by IKP.
Agricultural Inputs etc. Various marketing It aims at to create employment/
initiatives are taken up by SERP in 2008-09, employability for the rural/tribal
among them Paddy procurement is underprivileged youth. It works in a public-
predominant in many districts. In the current private partnership mode to identify, train
financial year, upto November 2009, the VOs and place youth in entry level corporate jobs
have procured a total of 64.12 lakh quintals in hospitality, retail, sales, tourism, banking,
of agriculture and NTFP commodities worth rural BPOs, manufacturing, textiles and
Rs. 593.03 crores. construction sectors. Total number of jobs
created up to 2008-09, was 1,83,891.
Details of the marketing intervention of last
Number of persons trained during the current
three years are shown in Table 8.27.
year up to November 2009 are 34,126, out of

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 176

which placements are shown for 17,417
candidates.
Gender
The gender strategy envisages that the poor
women are able to access and control over
assets, incomes, all services available at
village and individual level. Gender
programme helps women to increase their
understanding of intra-family equity issues,
decision making levels, free mobility and
necessity of building a safe environment.
Under this component, 516 Mandal Level
Social Action Committees are formed with
the membership of 4,734 members.
Community Managed Family Counseling
Centers run by SHG women are 283.
Number of Village Organization Social
Action Committees formed up to November
2009 are 11,832 with a membership of
80,812. Women are actively mobilized into
V.O. Social Action Committees (VOSACs)
in the villages to work on social agenda and
gender discrimination cases. Number of cases
dealt with by these committees and family
counseling centers together are 18,196 and
number of cases resolved are 12,906. SERP
is playing important role to prevent
infanticide by organizing women into Self
Help Groups.
Disability
Recognizing that people with disabilities are
among the poorest and most vulnerable of the
poor, IKP has adopted a participatory
development approach to support them by
building their capacities to improve life skills
and self-esteem. IKP has extended the
support to enhance their livelihoods by
creating accessibility to government benefits
and entitlements. Provision of assessment,
treatment and rehabilitation services were
made through community managed
interventions. Intensive activities are carried
out in 128 mandals.
2,13,889 Persons with Disabilities (PWDs)
are organized into 23,391 exclusive SHGs
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
both in the program and non-programme
mandals in the State. A total of 52,581
PWDs are given an assistance of Rs.63.14
crores through CIF, Bank Loans and
Revolving Fund for enhancing their
Livelihood. Further, 2,862 Surgical
Corrections were carried out and 20,612
PWDs were issued assistive devices at no
cost to them in the programme mandals.
Health and Nutrition
The major goal of the Health and Nutrition
strategy under the APRPRP operates in a
convergent mode with the line departments
by looking at gaps in the existing public
health and nutrition services that are
provided by the line departments. It is being
implemented in 63 mandals including 8
Giripragathi mandals covering 2,289 Village
organizations in the state.
Extensive Health and Nutrition strategies
being adopted across 63 mandals include
fixed schedule for regular capacity building
of stake holders at mandal and district levels,
institutionalization of the fixed Nutrition and
Health Days (NH days) in convergence with
line departments and regular health savings
by 2.73 lakh members in 26,748 SHGs to an
amount of Rs.2.74 crores as safety nets for
health emergencies. The intensive health and
nutrition strategies focus on intensive health
CRP strategy. 800 best practitioners from the
pilot mandals have been identified as health
CRPs. Since January 2007, the health CRPs
strategy has been implemented in 680
Village Organizations and established 713
Nutrition- cum-day-care centers. The impact
of perinatal and neonatal outcomes among
the members attended Nutrition-cum-day-
care centers shows 99% safe deliveries, 90%
normal deliveries, No low birth weight baby
born. No maternal, infant and neonatal
deaths happened in 4,200 deliveries occurred
among the members enrolled at 609 nutrition
centers.
Education
Under Early Childhood Education (ECE),
new centres have been started in the
177
Yacharam mandal of Ranga Reddy district.
Support is being continued for the
Community Managed Pre-Primary Schools
in Adilabad, Vizianagaram, Visakapatnam,
East Godavari, Khammam and Warangal
districts. In all, 336 ECE centres established
in 8 districts with the enrolment of 5,280
children.
Under Corporate Education for Weaker
Sections, 8,009 seats were allocated to the
districts during 2009-10, out of which, 7,674
seats have been filled up. Education wing of
SERP is in the process of facilitating
convergence between the departments of
Social Welfare, Tribal Welfare, BC Welfare
and Minorities Welfare for release of funds
pertaining to this scheme to the college
managements. The list of students admitted is
placed in the ‘SERP’ website.
With the focus on total abolition of child
labour and to ensure their right to education,
Child Rights Protection and Community
involvement in Improving of Quality in
schools is introduced. This project also deals
with improvement in quality of education at
schools through women groups, gram
panchayats, teachers and youth. This is being
implemented in three tribal mandals in the
ITDA Bhadrachalam area of Khammam
district and 307 children have been enrolled
in Residential Bridge Schools during this
year. 180 children were mainstreamed
between April and June 2009.
Dr.Y.S.R.Abhaya Hastham - Insurance
Scheme
Dr.Y.S.R Abhaya Hastham is a co-
contributory pension and insurance scheme
visualized by the Government for the SHG
women over and above 18 years age group
in rural and urban areas to provide social
security in their old age. This scheme
envisages contribution of Re. 1 per day by
the SHG and government co-contribution of
Re. 1 per day into her pension account. The
contribution of the member and the co-
contribution of the Government are
periodically transferred to LIC of India for
investing diligently for securing better
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
returns on the investment. The corpus thus
generated till the age of 60 years will be used
for giving monthly pension of Rs. 500 and
maximum of Rs. 2,000 per month. It also
covers insurance to the women in addition to
the monthly pension on attaining the age of
60 years. It is proposed to cover all SHG
women under this scheme. Enrolment of
members, third party verification, serving of
the demand notices to the interested and
eligible members has been completed.
Contribution collection from Forty One (41)
lakh members and subsequent transfer of
funds to SERP has been completed.
The consolidation and reconciliation of
amounts at SERP and subsequent transfer to
LIC of India is under process. All the
members enrolled into Abhaya Hastham are
also eligible for Janashree Bima Yojana
scheme. The scheme has come into effect
from 1st November 2009 and commencement
has been marked by distribution of policy
certificates by Hon’ble Chief Minister to the
enrolled members and pension cheques to the
eligible pensioners on that day.
Rs.15.00 crores is distributed to 3 lakh
pensioners for the month of November, 2009
under Dr. YSR Abhaya Hastham
Programme.
Besides above, Under Indira Jeevitha Bima
Pathakam (Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana), the
Insurance cover has been renewed for 38
lakh rural landless agricultural labourers
effective from 1st April 2009. Apart from the
above Life and disability insurance schemes,
the Vizianagaram Zilla Samakhya is
implementing loan protection scheme by
providing insurance to the livestock.
Project Expenditure
The cumulative total expenditure of IKP up
to November 2009 is Rs.2150.45 crores. The
details are given in Annexure 8.16.
Overall Performance of IKP
The overall performance of IKP is shown in
Table 8.28.
178
 Table 8.28
Overall performance of IKP
As on
Indicator November
2009
No. of SHGs under the project 9,33,585
No. of members in women SHGs 1,06,60,968
No. of SHGs of Persons with
23,391
Disabilities
No. of Persons with Disabilities
in SHGs
2,13,889
No. of Village Organizations
36,391
formed
No. of Normal Mandal
1099
Samakhyas formed
Total No. of beneficiaries of
22,80,765
Income Generating Activities
No. of Households benefiting
1,24,650
from Food Security
No. of acres of land purchased 4,539.24
No. of beneficiary families of
5,303
land purchase
Amount of Bank Linkage up to
November 09 in 2009-10(Rs. 2545.77
crores)
Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
Poverty Alleviation and Social Assistance
programme:
The State has taken ‘Self Help Group’ as a
theme to eradicate poverty. It is
contemplated to bring every woman
belonging to poorer section of the society
into the fold of Self Help groups. Special
budgetary provision is being made in the
state budget for Self Help Groups apart from
the support from ongoing centrally sponsored
scheme of Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar
Yozana (SGSY) programme of self
employment scheme. Similarly, banks are
also extending credit to SHGs in a big way
with Interest subsidy support to SHGs.
Deprived poor families are being assisted
under pension programme and family benefit
scheme.
Swarnajayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana
(SGSY)
This is a centrally sponsored scheme funded
by the government of India and the state
government in the ratio of 75:25. All the
existing schemes upto 1998 – 99 viz., IRDP,
TRYSEM, TOOLKITS, DWCRA, GKY and
MWS have been merged in the new scheme
called SWARNAJAYANTHI GRAM
SWAROZGAR YOJANA (SGSY). This
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
programme has come into existence w.e.f.
1.4.99.
The objective of SGSY is to uplift the poor
families above the poverty line by providing
them income generating assets through a mix
of bank credit and government subsidy. The
key elements in this programme are, the
choice of activity based on local resources
and aptitude as well as the skills of
Swarozgaries. Funds under the scheme will
be utilized for providing assistance to SHGs
and individual swarozgaris and for creating
infrastructure and for training of swarozgaris.
The performance of SGSY is given in
Annexure 8.17.
Women Self Help Groups (SHGs)
Self help movement through savings has
been taken up on massive scale for rural poor
women. The success of the Self Help
Groups in Andhra Pradesh has been a
national model with 9.33 lakh groups
covering 106.61 lakh of rural poor women.
State Revolving Fund
For ensuring financial viability of SHGs, the
state government is providing budgetary
support @ Rs.10,000 as revolving fund to
each group. During the year 2009-10, an
amount of Rs. 25.77 crores has been
provided in the budget. An amount of Rs.
6.44 crores has been released. 6,804 groups
have been assisted with a subsidy of Rs. 6.80
crores (upto Nov’2009). The achievements
are shown in Table 8.29.
Table 8.29
Achievement under State Revolving Fund
Item 2008-09 2009-10 (upto
Nov.09)
Groups Assisted 29,103 6,804
Subsidy disbursed
(Rs. In lakhs) 2,910.30 680.33
Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
Social Assistance Programmes
All the pensions which were looked after by
the departments concerned have been
transferred to the Rural Development
department for implementation from the year
2006-07. The rate of pension is Rs. 200/-
p.m. for all pensioners except disabled
persons from 2006-07. Government is
179
distributing Rs. 200/- on first of every month Table 8.30
to Old age persons, Weavers, Widows and Pensions under Social Assistance Program
2009-10 (upto Nov.09)
Rs.500/- to Disabled Persons. A total of (Amount Rs.Crores)
71,79,926 pensions are targeted to be Scheme Alloc Relea Expe Pensioners
distributed every month. During the year ation ses nditu (No.)
2009-10, an amount of Rs. 2,003.02 crores re
has been provided in the budget. Government NOAP 420.91 315.68 249.86 1510542
released an amount of Rs. 1,502.26 crores of Indiramma 476.50 357.37 330.74 826850
Pensions to
which, Rs. 1,122.82 crores has been Disabled
distributed to 66,36,465 pensioners upto Persons
November 2009. The details of pensions are: Indiramma 1105.60 829.20 701.67 42,99,073
Pensions to
1. Old Age Pensions (OAPS) Old Age
Persons and
During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. Widows
420.91 crores has been provided in the NFBS 10.00 5.00 4.75 9511
budget to cover 17,19,398 pensioners. An Source:- SERP-Rural Development Department
amount of Rs. 315.68 crores has been
released and Rs. 249.87 crores is distributed
to 15,10,542 pensioners (upto November Remote and Interior Areas
2009). Development Programme (RIAD)
2. Indiramma Pensions to Old Age Persons 8.25 The Government of Andhra Pradesh is the
and Widows only state in the country to have created a
During the year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. separate wing in the General Administration
1105.61 crores has been provided in the Department for implementation of the
budget to cover 46,27,385 pensioners under Remote and Interior Areas Development
these categories. An amount of Rs. 829.20 program to co-ordinate the implementation
crores has been released and Rs. 701.67 of core socio-economic activities by various
crores is distributed to 42,99,073 pensioners departments. The objective of the
(upto November, 2009). programme is to wean away the youth living
in the Remote and Interior areas from the
3. Indiramma Pensions to Disabled Persons influence of the left wing extremist
Disabled persons having a minimum of 40% ideologies by improving the socio-economic
disability is the criteria for eligibility. The conditions of the people.
rate of pension has been enhanced to Rs.
500/- p.m. from November 2008 onwards for 5,622 habitations were identified as Remote
all the Disabled Pensioners. During the year and Interior Areas for this project in 332
2009-10, an amount of Rs. 476.50 crores has mandals covering a population of 54.38 lakhs
been provided in the budget to cover in 18 districts i.e., Srikakulam,
8,33,143 pensioners. An amount of Rs Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East
357.38 crores has been released and Rs. Godavari, Guntur, Prakasam, Nellore,
330.74 crores has been distributed to Anantapur, Kadapa, Kurnool, Adilabad,
8,26,850 pensioners (upto November, 2009). Karimnagar, Warangal, Khammam,
Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad, Medak and
Family Benefit Scheme Nalgonda districts which are the most
Under the Family Benefit Scheme, during the backward areas in the State. To achieve this
year 2009-10, an amount of Rs. 10.00 crores objective, GOAP has identified the following
has been provided in the budget and Rs. 5.00 development activities viz., jobs, resolving
crores has been released and Rs.4.76 crores forest revenue issues, Minor Irrigation
has been distributed to 9,511 families (upto program, Health, strengthening the
November 2009).Details are shown in Table infrastructure under education, all weather
8.30. roads to all the habitations, Rural water

8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702 180

supply and Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana as
essential.
Employment and Job linked Training:
It is estimated that there are about two lakh
unemployed/underemployed youth in the
RIAD areas. A computerized data base of
bio- data of all the youth identified is being
built up in Rural Development Department to
ensure follow up. During 2006-07, 16,722
were trained by reputed organizations like
Reddy Laboratories Foundation, National
Academy of Construction etc., with funds
available in D.R.D.As and 10,543 were given
placements.
Rs.70 Crores was sanctioned separately for
RIAD areas for the first time during 2007-08
under Rajiv Yuva Shakti to train 43,035
youth to make them employable mostly in
the private sector. 8,875 candidates were
provided jobs after training and 5,355 are
undergoing training.
Rs. 89.15 Crores was provided for Training
and Placements during 2008-09 under Rajiv
Udyog Sri, of which, 40% spent in RIAD
areas. In the 2008-09 annual programme, an
amount of Rs 36.00 Crores has been
provided to train and provide placements to
40,000 youth. EGMM (Employment
Generation and Marketing Mission) of Rural
Development entered agreement with reputed
trainers and employers to train rural youth
and provide placement.
Strengthening the infrastructure under
Education:
Additional accommodation for High Schools /
hostels: A Master Plan for providing
additional accommodation for the 752 Zilla
Parishad High Schools in the RIAD areas
with an estimated cost of Rs. 157.20 Crores
has been prepared. An amount of Rs 25.00
crores is provided under RIDF XIV for
additional accommodation in 156 schools
during 2008-09. Rs 25.60 Crores was
sanctioned under RIDF XIII during 2007-08
for providing additional accommodation in
36 Tribal welfare Ashram High Schools for
Girls.
An amount of Rs 22.80 Crores is provided
under RIDF XIV for additional
accommodation in Ashram/ Residential
Schools during 2008-09. Rs 4.25 Crores was
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
sanctioned during 2007-08 for providing
additional accommodation/ repairs to 36
Social Welfare hostels. An amount of Rs
10.00 Crores was provided during 2008-09
for additional accommodation in Hostels/
other Social Welfare Educational
Institutions. Rs 2.50 Crores provided during
2008-09 under RIDF XIV-RIAD for
providing SW College hostel buildings.
To fill critical gaps in Degree College
education in Tribal Areas, five degree
colleges with attached hostels for boys and
girls to these colleges were sanctioned during
2007-08 at Seetampeta in Srikakulam
district, Gumma Laxmipuram in
Vizianagaram district, Chintapalli in
Visakhapatnam district, Eturnagaram in
Warangal district and Utnoor in Adilabad
district with a budget of Rs 15.52 Crores for
recurring and non recurring expenditure. Rs
9.52 Crores was provided in 2008-09, for
completion of buildings and recurring
expenditure.
An amount of Rs 22.28 Crores was
sanctioned during 2008-09 under RIDFXIV–
RIAD for taking up construction of hostel
buildings in 13 Government Junior Colleges.
Similarly, Rs. 10 Crores was sanctioned for
additional accommodation to 17 existing
Junior Colleges from state plan of Higher
Education Dept. and Rs 20.00 Crores from
RIDFXIV-RIAD in 2008-09 for construction
of hostel buildings attached was provided to
17 out of 36 Junior Colleges in RIAD areas.
To fill critical gaps in Junior College
education for tribal girls, six TW Residential
Junior Colleges have been sanctioned during
2007-08 at P. Konavalasa in Vizianagaram
District, Chintapalli in Visakhapatnam
district, Rampachodavaram in East Godavari
district, Eturunagaram in Warangal district,
Utnoor in Adilabad district and Mahanandi
in Kurnool district with a budget of Rs 8.75
Crores as recurring cost and for buildings.
During 2008-09, Rs 15.00 Crores was
provided under this scheme.
Large number of teacher posts reserved for
Scheduled Tribes in Scheduled areas and
outside have been lying vacant. Hence, B.Ed
colleges at Araku (Visakhapatnam District)
and Utnoor (Adilabad District) and D.Ed
181
colleges at Rampachodavaram (East
Godavari District) and Bhadrachalam
(Khammam District) were sanctioned. 100
additional seats in existing B.Ed college at
Bhadrachalam (Khammam District) were
also sanctioned. Rs 4.00 Crores is also
provided for construction of buildings to two
B.Ed., and two D.Ed., Colleges and
additional accommodation to existing B.Ed
College at Bhadrachalam under RIDF XIV –
RIAD.
Resolving Forest-Revenue issues: The most
important land problem in these RIAD areas
is lack of survey and settlement of reserve
forest boundaries and non-settlement of
rights of people as per provision of Forest
Acts. About 12.34 lakh hectares of RF in
986 reserve forest blocks are yet to be finally
notified and rights of people to be settled as
per the procedure laid down under Sections 4
to 15 of Andhra Pradesh Forest Act of 1967.
18 posts of Forest Settlement Officers with
supporting staff were sanctioned by the
GOAP. The work is started.
All weather roads to all the habitations in
the project area: Provision of all weather
roads to these remote and interior habitations
will greatly strengthen the government’s
efforts to improve the socio-economic
conditions of people living in the areas and
wean them away from the influence of left
wing extremism and also strengthen the
administration in combating Naxalism in the
state. A comprehensive master plan to
provide all weather connectivity to each of
the RIAD habitations was prepared by the
R&B department and the Panchayat Raj
department in the state with a total estimated
cost of Rs.2,628.70 Crores. The plan details
the existing roads, roads under construction
and remaining roads to be taken up to ensure
all weather connectivity to all the 5,622
RIAD habitations in all the 18 districts. The
programme is phased over three years
starting from 2006-07.
During 2006-07, 43 R&B works with an
estimated cost of Rs 64.03 Crores were
sanctioned. Of which, 14 works were
completed and others are in progress. During
2007-08, 58 works with an estimated cost of
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
Rs 139.00 Crores was sanctioned and all of
them are in entrustment stage.
An amount of Rs 100.00 Crores is provided
during 2008-09 under RIDF.
Under RIDF XI (NABARD), 122 works with
an estimated cost of Rs 102.36 Crores were
sanctioned during 2006-07. 77 works were
completed with an expenditure of Rs 63.00
Crores. During 2007-08, 55 works were
sanctioned with an estimated cost of Rs
84.72 Crores and 44 were cleared by
NABARD.
During 2008-09 and 2009-10, 26 R&B works
with an estimated cost of Rs. 70.00 Crores
were sanctioned.
An amount of Rs 100.00 Crores was
provided for this programme during 2008-09
under RIDF XIV-RIAD. A revised proposal
for sanction of Rs 410.85 Crores to take up
365 roads under PMGSY was submitted to
Government of India.
Government of India indicated an amount of
Rs 175 Crores under 12th Finance
Commission Award for taking up B.T. roads
in RIAD areas from 2006-07 to 2009-10. In
the first two years (2006-07 and 2007-08),
112 works with an estimated cost of Rs
115.69 Crores were sanctioned. Of which, 68
works are already grounded. During 2008-09
and 2009-10, 27 PR works with an estimated
cost of Rs.23.14 Crores were sanctioned.
During 2009-10, Rs.87.40 crores were
released to carryout the ongoing programmes
under 12th Finance Commission Grants
which are being executed by PR(RIAD)
department and R&B NABARD also.
Minor Irrigation Programme: There is
substantial potential for constructing small
irrigation structures and Lift Irrigation that
can provide irrigation facility to the lands in
the remote areas to increase productivity.
Master plan consisting of 112 MI works
with an estimated cost of Rs 210.00 Crores is
under implementation. Rs 19.79 Crores were
sanctioned from RIDF XIV-RIAD to take up
two Lift Irrigation schemes during 2006-07.
Ten more schemes under state plan were
also taken up during 2007-08and 2008-09 in
RIAD areas with an estimated cost of Rs
308.55 Crores.
182
 Rural Water Supply: District wise master
plans were prepared for Rural Water Supply.
The estimated cost is Rs 141.29 Crores to
cover 2,465 RIAD habitations. Rs 40.16
Crores was already provided during 2007-08
to cover 826 habitations. Rs 51 Crores was
provided during 2008-09 for 11 PWS
schemes in RIAD areas.
Health: Two ANM training Centers have
been sanctioned at GL Puram and Utnoor in
ITDA areas. In order to improve health
infrastructure facilities in RIAD areas, Rs. 60
Crores was provided during 2008-09 for
construction of 705 Sub Centers, two ANM
Training Centers, one Nutritional
Rehabilitation Center and 29 PHCs.
Rashtriya Sam Vikas Yojana (RSVY): To
remove regional imbalances between some
districts, Government of India has introduced
RSVY in 10 districts of Andhra Pradesh.
Each district was allocated Rs.45 crores @
Rs.15 crores per annum for schemes that
would address problems of low agriculture
productivity, unemployment and fill critical
gaps in infrastructure. An amount of
Rs.352.50 crores has been released so far.
From 2008-09, the name of the programme is
changed as Backward Region Development
Fund (BRGF) and extended to 3 more
districts. Rs.381.91 crores is provided during
2008-09 under BRGF.
***
Backward Region Grant Fund
(B.R.G.F)
8.26 Government of India have launched a new
programme called B.R.G.F commencing
from 2007-08. The main objective of the
programme is to redress regional imbalance
in development by providing funds for
bridging critical gaps in local infrastructure.
The programme is being implemented in 13
selected districts in the State (1st phase of
N.R.E.G.A) with an allocation of Rs.335.28
crores under Development Grant and Rs.13
crores under Capacity Building.
District plans for 13 BRGF Districts were
received from the District Planning
Committees and the Annual Plan for the
year 2009-10 was approved by the High
Power Committee with an estimated cost of
Rs. 337.09 crores for taking up 44,073
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
works. It includes 9,969 works with an
amount of Rs. 81.89 crores under SC Sub-
Plan and 5,874 works with an amount of
Rs.47.30 crores under ST Sub-Plan. An
amount of Rs.249.34 crores have been
released to the districts.5608 works worth of
Rs.76.84 crores were completed and the
remaining works are in progress.
Rajiv Palle Bata
8.27 Rajiv Palle Bata, essentially is a
programme involving dialogue between the
Leader and people. As it is well known,
people and their elected representatives are
the twin motors powering our vibrant
democracy.
During the process, people get an
opportunity to represent their problems
directly to their Leaders. The leadership, in
turn, is benefited by the public feedback
about governmental policies. The resultant
symbiosis reinforces the democratic process.
During his visits to districts, Hon’ble C.M.
receives petitions and gives assurances to
people serving community needs.
The programme was started in 2004. In all,
54,540 petitions have been received in the
entire state, of which about 96.66% have
been responded to. In all, 1,195 assurances
have also been made during public
interactions out of which, 1,079 (90.30%)
have been redressed and 107 (8.95%)
assurances are under different stages of
implementation while 9(0.75%) are yet to be
addressed.
The assurance given during the programme
was generally fulfilled by meeting the
expenditure from the budget of the
respective departments. However, from
2005-06 onwards, Government have started
earmarking some plan funds under Rajiv
Palle Bata Scheme – which is meant to act as
a limited cushion for sanction of works
wherever necessary. Upto 31.3.2009, an
amount of Rs.438.22 crores has been
sanction under the programme.
During 2009-10, an amount of Rs.25.00
Crores has been provided under the
programme. These funds are fully utilized
being provided to various districts for taking
developmental works, as approved by
183
 Hon’ble Chief Minister and as a part of
fulfillment of assurances of Hon’ble Chief
Minister. A Web-based Petition Monitoring
System (PMS) has been developed to
monitor the redressed status on line from
anywhere at any point of time.
Pulivendula Area Development Agency
(PADA)
8.28 Villages in Andhra Pradesh are at different
stages of development. While those in the
prosperous regions of the State have achieved
significant development, a majority of the
villages in backward areas remain under-
developed. On account of these, a more
workable strategy for the Government was to
identify a few villages where integrated
development can be brought about through
planned interventions and use these villages
8.Social InfrastructureNYS0702
as model to inspire and motivate all other
villages to emulate the same path.
Initiating action in line with the above
innovative idea, Government have released
an amount of Rs.172.27 crores during 2004-
05 to 2008-09 to develop 103 identified
villages covering 7 mandals in Kadapa
district under “Model Village scheme” on
pilot basis.
For continuing the infrastructure
development in the identified villages of the
area as per the action plan contemplated by
the Pulivendula Area Development Agency
an amount of Rs.50.00 crores was released
during year 2009-10.
***
184
 9. POVERTY, EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT
Poverty
9.1 Conventionally, poverty has been identified
with low level of income that prevents a
family from obtaining and enjoying the basic
necessities of life like food, clothing, shelter
and water. Besides, the usual income
poverty, covering income and consumption,
the social parameters like education, health
and access to basic needs brought in a new
definition to non-income poverty
emphasising Human development.
The core objective of Planning in India as
envisioned in the 1st Five Year Plan(1951-56)
for the Nation was to raise standard of living
of people. During the Sixth Plan period,
expenditure approach has been adopted,
which defined poverty as the midpoint of the
monthly-per capita expenditure class having
a specific calorie intake of 2400 per person in
rural areas and 2100 per person in urban
areas respectively. The monetary equivalent
of these norms was derived using the
household consumption data of 28th round of
National Sample Survey(1973-74).
The Planning Commission, as the Nodal
Agency for estimation of poverty, has been
estimating the number and percentage of
poor at national and state levels. Since March
1997, it has been using the Expert Group
Methodology (Expert Group on Estimation
of Proportion and Number of Poor) to
estimate poverty. Expert group, constituted in
March 1990 to examine the proportion and
the number of poor, suggested that a State
specific poverty line be estimated on the
basis of a standardized commodity basket.
The basket corresponding to the poverty line
at the national level is valued as per the price
prevailing in each State in 1973-74.
As per the accepted expert group
methodology, consumer price index for
agricultural labourers (CPIAL) is used for
updating the rural poverty line and Consumer
Price Index for industrial workers (CPIIW) is
used for updating the urban poverty line.
185
Using this methodology, the Planning
Commission had released the poverty
estimates for the years 1973-74, 1977-78,
1983, 1987-88 and 1993-94 in March 1997.
Subsequently, the poverty estimates for
1999-2000 released in 2001 were found to be
not strictly comparable with the estimates for
the previous years.
The Planning commission, using the expert
group methodology, had estimated poverty in
2004-05 using the consumption distribution
obtained from the latest large sample survey
data (NSS 61st Round) on household
consumer expenditure. The consumption data
for all the food and non food items was
collected using 30-day recall period (known
as reference period) and was termed as
Uniform Recall Period (URP).
As per these official estimates of poverty
released by the Planning Commission,
poverty ratios of rural areas and urban areas
of AP for 2004-05 were 11.20% and 28.00%
respectively and that for the State as a whole
was 15.80%. The corresponding figures for
All India during the same period were
28.30%, 25.70% for rural and urban areas
and 27.50% for the Nation as a whole.
Annexure 9.1 depicts the percentage of
people below the poverty line in Andhra
Pradesh and at All India level for different
time periods.
Over the period, the percentage of people
below poverty line has declined both for the
State as well as for All India. The
paradoxical situation in respect of Andhra
Pradesh was that the urban poverty was
higher than the rural poverty. Higher
inclusive growth that increases agricultural
growth, rural non-farm sector and reduction
in rural-urban and social disparities is
important for faster reduction in poverty.
Andhra Pradesh is known for introducing
innovative poverty alleviation programmes,
massive subsidization of Rice especially
 during the last two decades or so. Apart from
the general economic policies and bold
policy initiatives, the targeted poverty
alleviation programmes like Velugu or Indira
Kranthi Patham (IKP) for women’s
empowerment, INDIRAMMA programme
for providing housing and other
infrastructure, pensions, land distribution and
health insurance (Arogyasri) are the other
important programmes helping the poor in
various dimensions. Besides increasing the
budgetary allocations, effective monitoring
and improving delivery systems in poverty
alleviation programmes will help reduce the
severity of poverty.
EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT
9.2 One of the most important surveys conducted
by the National Sample Survey Organisation
(NSSO) is the Quinquennial Survey on
Employment and Unemployment and the
latest being during 2004-05. In order to
reveal the multidimensional aspects of
employment and unemployment situation,
information on several variables was also
collected in these surveys. Persons who were
engaged in any economic activity are termed
as workers. Unpaid helpers who assisted in
the operation of an economic activity are also
considered as workers.
Labour Force
Persons categorized as working (employed)
and also those who are seeking or available
for work (unemployed) together constitute
labour force. The labour force participation
Rate (LFPR) is defined as the number of
persons in the labour force per 1000 persons.
The estimates of Labour Force participation
Rate based on daily status (current) are
presented in Annexure 9.2.
Labour Force participation rates during the
year 2004-2005 increased when compared
with 1999-2000. Labour Force Participation
rates both rural and urban areas of Andhra
Pradesh were higher when compared with all
India.
186
Work Force (Employed)
Persons who are engaged in any economic
activity constitute the work force. The
number of persons employed per 1000
persons is called Work Force Participation
rate (WFPR). The work force participation
rate per 1000 persons is based on current
daily status. As per the current daily status, a
person was considered working (employed)
for the entire day if he/she had worked for 4
hours or more during the day.
Work force participation rate among males
and females in rural areas of Andhra Pradesh
declined during 2004-05 when compared to
1999-2000, whereas in urban areas of A.P it
increased. Work force participation rates in
general are high in Andhra Pradesh when
compared with all India. Details are given in
Annexure 9.3.
Apart from the quantity of employment,
quality is a concern in the state. Problems
such as wage rate, seasonality, job insecurity,
illiteracy, occupational hazards etc., continue
in the state. Around 94% of the workers in
A.P. are in the unorganized sector and in fact,
the state reports high incidence of
employment in the unorganized/informal
economy. Further, demographic dividend,
which is one of the sources of future
economic growth in Andhra Pradesh, is
expected to increase the working age group
and reduce dependency ratio. Reduction in
dependency ratio is likely to increase savings
and investments. Shifting the workforce from
Agriculture to the non-farm sector is an ideal
way for enhancing the income levels of the
poor by creating quality non-agriculture work
opportunities through skill development in
rural areas.
Employment Growth:
The main features of employment situation at
All India level as well as State level are
summarized in Table 9.1.
 Table 9.1
Employment Growth and Elasticity
Employment Growth and Andhra All India
Elasticity Pradesh
Compound Annual
Growth Rate of
Employment (1993-94 to
1.44 1.89
1999-2000)
Compound Annual
Growth Rate of
2.65 4.42
Employment(1999-2000
to 2004-2005)
Employment Elasticity
0.11 0.13
(1993-94 to 1999-2000)
Employment Elasticity
0.43 0.74
(1999-2000 to 2004-05)
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics
The growth of employment in the State in the
early reform period(1993-94 to 1999-2000) is
relatively low when compared with that of
All India. Although, it has increased and
almost doubled during the period 1999-2000
to 2004-05, rate of increase in employment in
respect of All India is significantly high. The
employment elasticity which represents the
responsiveness of employment generation to
change in gross domestic product, is low in
both Andhra Pradesh and All India.
EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING
9.3 Employment in Organized Sector
As per the Employment Marketing
Information (EMI) collected by Employment
Exchanges in Andhra Pradesh, there were
8,900 establishments in organized sector in
Andhra Pradesh at the end of March, 1966.
Out of these, 3,123 were in public Sector and
5,777 were in Private Sector. The number of
establishments in the organized sector has
now grown to 21,474 by March, 2009. Out of
these, 13,668 were in Public Sector and
7,806 were in Private Sector.
20.83 lakhs persons were employed in the
organized Sector as on March, 2009. The
Public Sector alone accounted for 13.57
lakhs and the remaining 7.26 lakhs were
employed in Private Sector.
During the year 2009-10(upto Sept.09), a
total of 88,107 candidates were enrolled, as
many as 5,746 vacancies were notified to
Employment Exchanges and 693 candidates
were placed. As many as 19,13,717
187
candidates were on the Live Register of
Employment Exchanges at the end of
September, 2009.
Employment in the Organised Sector in A.P.
(Public and Private Sectors) from March1966
to March 2009 is given in Annexure 9.4.
Rajiv Udyogasri:
Government has started a New Employment
Generation scheme with the aim of enabling
ten lakhs jobs in private sector for the
unemployed youth. To achieve this, a society
called “Rajiv Udyogasri” has been set up in
July 2007 with the following objectives.
Objectives:
1. To play the role of facilitator to
unemployed youth and employers /
industry.
2. To achieve placements of atleast 10 lakhs
youth in next 2 years, 5 lakhs in high end
jobs in the IT & ITES sector and 5 lakhs
in low end jobs in other sectors.
3. To identify the employment potential.
4. To impart necessary skills to the
candidates so as to enable them to get
absorbed in the private establishment.
The important line departments viz.,
MEPMA/MA&UD, Technical Education,
Intermediate Board, Collegiate Education,
Youth services, NAC, IEG, SC Corporation,
Minorities Welfare, AP Vikalangula
Cooperative Corporation, EGMM and
Employment and training, are undertaking
employment generation activity in the shape
of training the youth for the emerging
opportunities and helping them be employed
with the active coordination and consent of
the private sector employers.
Before the setting up of this society as an
umbrella organization to coordinate and
consolidate, these Line departments had been
engaged in employment generation activities
and provided 1.98 lakhs placements during
the period 2004 to 2007. The cumulative
achievements enabled by these line
departments upto October, 2009 (since,
2004) in employment generation are shown
in the Table 9.2.
 Table 9.2 9.4 Unemployment:
Employment Generation by certain Line
Departments 2004-09 (upto Oct.09) The National Sample Survey Organisation
Number (NSSO) which provides the Un-employment
Department
Placed estimates on the basis of the Quinquennial
MA&UD/MEPMA 70,608 surveys. Persons are considered as un-
Technical education 60,958 employed, if he/she was not working, but
Intermediate Board 19,956 was either seeking or was available for work
Collegiate Education 6,965 for a relatively longer time during the
Youth service 97,002 reference period.
NAC 85,460
Unemployment rate is defined as the number
IEG 20,995
of persons unemployed per 1000 persons in
SC Corporation 14,830
the labour force. This in effect gives the
Minorities Welfare 1,876
AP Vikalangula Co-operative unutilized portion of the labour force. It is a
Corporation 322 more refined indicator of the unemployment
EGMM 1,24,608 situation in a population than the proportion
Employment and Training 93,996
of unemployed, which is nearly the number
Others (direct Placements etc) 2,10,366 of unemployed per 1000 persons in the
Grand Total 8,07,942 population as a whole.
Source: Rajiv Udyogsri Society Unemployment rates based on the usual
principal and subsidiary status in Andhra
Besides the above, Government have been Pradesh and All India in general have
implementing various initiatives/programmes increased over the period 1993-94 to 2004-
to enhance the employment opportunities 05. The unemployment rates on usual
including wage employment, self employment (principal and subsidiary) status of various
to the rural and urban population in the state. rounds for Andhra Pradesh and All India are
Details of employment provided during presented in Annexure- 9.5. It can be seen
2009-10 under some of the important that while the rural unemployment rates as
programmes are shown in Table 9.3. well as urban unemployment (per 1000
persons) in Andhra Pradesh as well as All
Table 9.3 India have increased during 1993-94 to 1999-
Employment provided under some important 2000. However, during the period 1999-
programmes during 2009-10 2000 to 2004-05, the rural and urban
Number unemployment rates in respect of Andhra
Programme Unit
employed Pradesh have decreased. The rate of decline
Sericulture (upto Lakh in respect of urban unemployment (from 39
4.19
sept.09) persons
Large, Medium, SSI
to 36) was much sharper as compared to that
and tiny Industries persons 74,386 of the rural unemployment (from 8 to 7). The
(upto sept.09) unemployment rates of All India for the same
Employment Persons period have shown a mixed trend with the
provided in IT sector 12,786
(during 2008-09)
employed rural unemployment (from 15 to 17) rising
and its urban counterpart (from 47 to 45)
NREGA- Person days Crore
24.12
showing a decline.
generated (upto 9th person days
October, 09)

***

188
 10. ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN – AN APPRAISAL
11th Five Year Plan (2007-2012)- Targeting
rapid and inclusive growth:
Significant improvement in the standards of
living of the people in the State in the recent
past is attributable to a number of strategic
initiatives put in place by the Government
over the years. The strength of the
fundamentals of the economy is evident from
the remarkable transition to a high growth
path during the 10th Five Year Plan period.
Growth is a pre-requisite for development as
it provides the basis for expanding incomes
and employment necessary for social uplift.
With the spirit and objective of ensuring that
growth is widely spread so that its benefits
are adequately shared by the poor and weaker
sections of the society, the Government has
geared up for meeting the challenges during
the 11th Five Year Plan.
Government of India has focused on rapid
and inclusive growth in the 11th Five Year
Plan. The main emphasis is on the Social
sector and delivery of services therein.
Education, in particular, has been accorded
utmost priority during the 11th Five Year Plan
period.
Mid-Term appraisal of 11th Five Year
Plan:
On the back of the impressive record of
economic growth coupled with a certain
positive upsurge in the living standards of the
people as reflected by the growing Per Capita
Income, the State along with the Nation has
entered the Eleventh Five Year Plan period
on an optimistic note. A brief year wise
review of the performance of the state during
the three year period of the 11th Five Year
Plan in respect of the overall economy and
sectoral plan performance and the overall
consolidated performance of the state during
the 3-year period focusing on the
achievements under important programmes/
initiatives is discussed.
Performance during 2007-08:
Economic growth
The first year (2007-08) of the 11th Five Year
Plan witnessed a healthy momentum in the
economy as the State, as per the Provisional
189
estimates and at constant (1999-2000) prices
had registered an impressive GSDP growth
of 10.75%, ahead of the Nation’s GDP
growth of 9.01% for the same period. The
three sectors of the State economy, namely,
Agriculture, Industries and Services grew
most impressively at rates of 16.86%,
10.45% and 8.01% respectively. The
respective Sectoral growth rates of the Nation
during the same period are 4.86% for
Agriculture, 8.10% for Industries and10.85%
for Services sector.
The per capita income of Andhra Pradesh at
current prices during 2007-08 was Rs.
35,600, while the corresponding figure for
All India was Rs. 33,283.
Annual Plan – Sectoral performance:
A portion of the consistent rise in economic
growth of the state is attributable to sustained
increases in Plan outlays. Broad sectoral
break up of outlays and expenditure in each
of the 3 years of the 11th Five Year Plan
period are given in Annexure 10.1.
Highlights of the sectoral performance under
the Annual Plan of the State during the 1st
year (2007-08) of the 11th Five Year Plan
period is discussed below in brief.
During 2007-08, the Planning Commission
had approved the Annual Plan out lay for Rs.
30,500 Crores for Andhra Pradesh. The
Actual expenditure was Rs. 27,171 crores
and this works out to 89.08% of the
allocation. It can be seen from the Annexure
10.1 that, Economic Services accounted for
69.71% of the total expenditure, while the
Social Services and General Services
respectively work out to 30.03% and 0.26%.
Under Economic Services, Irrigation sector
with an outlay of Rs. 12,974 crores (42.54%
of the total Annual Plan outlay) emerges as
the largest stakeholder during Year 2007-08.
Transport, Rural Development and
Agriculture and allied sectors respectively
account for higher allocations under
Economic Services category.
Under Social Services category, Housing gets
the lion’s share, followed by Welfare of SCs,
STs, BCs and Minorities and Urban
Development. Housing accounted for over
10% of the total Plan expenditure during
2007-08.
Performance during 2008-09:
Economic growth
In spite of the global financial and economic
crisis, the GSDP(Q) of Andhra Pradesh for
2008-09 at constant prices could grow at a
modest rate of 5.04% against all India’s
Growth of 6.70% during the same period.
While the three sectors of the state economy,
namely, Agriculture, Industries and Services
respectively grew at rates of 1.20%, 0.22%
and 9.58%, the respective Sectoral growth
rates of All-India during 2008-09 are 1.60%
for Agriculture, 3.88% for Industries and
9.67% for Services sector.
The per capita income of Andhra Pradesh at
current prices during 2008-09(Q) was Rs.
40,902, while the corresponding All India’s
per capita income was lower at Rs. 37,490.
Annual Plan – Sectoral performance
The Planning Commission had approved
highest ever amount of Rs. 44,000 crores as
Annual Plan outlay for Andhra Pradesh state
during the year 2008-09. The priority sectors
of Irrigation, Rural development, Power and
Agriculture & Allied sectors together
accounted for about 51% of the total plan
outlay. The total expenditure was Rs.30,618
crores and this nearly works out to 70% of
the allocation. Expenditure under sectors of
Economic Services accounted for 59.32% of
the total expenditure while the shares of
Social Services and General Services
respectively work out to 40.25% and 0.44%.
Under Economic Services, Irrigation sector
with an outlay of Rs. 16,472 crores (37.44%
of the total Annual Plan outlay) continued to
be the largest stakeholder during year 2008-
09 also. Transport, Rural Development and
Agriculture and allied sectors respectively
account for other sectors with higher
allocations under Economic Services
category.
Under Social Services category, Housing
with 13.43% of total share in the outlay
followed by Welfare of SCs, STs, BCs and
190
Minorities and Urban Development. Housing
sector accounted for over 13% of the total
Plan expenditure during 2008-09, bettering
its performance over previous year.
Performance during 2009-10:
Economic growth
Notwithstanding the unfavourable seasonal
conditions and fury of floods that have
adversely impacted the state during the last
couple of months, the economy is expected to
grow moderately during the year 2009-10.
Signaling certain signs of recovery, the
GSDP of Andhra Pradesh for 2009-10 as per
the Half-yearly estimates at Constant(1999-
2000) prices, is projected to grow at 7.28%,
as against all-India’s growth rate of 6.99%
during the same period.
Due to inadequate and untimely rainfall
besides natural calamities, the Kharif
agricultural production is expected to be less
than that of the previous year. The onus
would be on the Industry and Services
sectors to lift the growth performance.
Annual Plan – Sectoral performance
The Planning Commission has approved an
amount of Rs.33,497 crores as Annual Plan
outlay for Andhra Pradesh state during the
year 2009-10. The priority sectors of
Irrigation, Rural development, Housing and
Urban Development together accounts for
about 67% of the total plan outlay. The total
expenditure till the end of December 2009
was Rs.17,936 crores. Out of this, Economic
Services accounted for about 70% of the total
expenditure.
Overall performance under 11th Five Year
Plan:
Three years have gone by so far under the
11th Five Year Plan. The overall and
comprehensive picture of the average plan
performance during the first 3 years under
the 11th Five Year Plan and performance of
various Flagship programmes being
implemented in the state are presented below.
Economic growth
The state economy (GSDP), on an average
grew at 7.89% during the first two years of
the 11th Five Year Plan period (2007-08 and
2008-09) - a few notches above the All
India’s GDP growth of 7.86% for the same
period. Regarding sectoral average growth
rates for this period, agriculture sector in the
state grew at 9.03%, much better than its All
India counter part of 3.23%. For the two-year
period, the Industries sector in the state grew
at 5.33% as against 5.99% of All India.
Similarly, the Services sector in the state
grew at 7.89%.
Record foodgrain production of 204.21 lakh
tonnes aided by copious rainfall during the
year 2007-08 has helped the State to record
impressive performance in agriculture. The
performance of All India in respect of the
Industry and Services sectors is better when
compared with the state performance.
However, the average Per Capita Income
(PCI) of the state of Rs. 38,251 is
comparatively better than that of All India’s
average (for two years) PCI of Rs. 35,387,
indicating a relatively better standard of
living of the people in the state. It is likely
that the various poverty alleviating and
employment generating programmes being
implemented along with better delivery of
welfare and safety nets in the state have
helped the people in maintaining relatively
better standards.
As mentioned above, the GSDP of Andhra
Pradesh for the year 2009-10 as per the Half-
yearly estimates, is projected to grow at
7.28%, as against all-India’s growth rate of
6.99% during the same period, signaling
great resilience despite the devastations of
drought and floods in latter part of 2009.
Annual Plan – a summary of Sectoral
performance
The Planning Commission had approved a
total amount of Rs. 1,07,997 crores as
Annual Plan outlay for Andhra Pradesh state
during the years 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-
10. An amount of Rs. 75,725 crores has been
spent. The expenditure for 2009-10 has been
taken upto the end of (December, 2009) only.
On the average for the three year period,
Economic Services accounted for about 64%
of the total outlay, while Social Services
accounted for a little over 35% and General
Services under 1 percent of the total outlay.
Irrigation sector with an outlay share of
191
41.57% and Housing with 11.64% share are
the major stakeholders in the total outlay.
Ensuring Equity and Social Justice:
Consistent with recommendations of the
Planning Commission to adhere to
allocations for SCs and STs in proportion to
their shares in State population, on the
average, the respective shares in the total
outlays have been maintained under SCSP
and TSP in the Annual Plans.
Review of performance under priority
initiatives/ programmes:
As already mentioned in the foregoing
paragraphs, the innovative and bold
initiatives put in place by the state
government in the last five to six years have
not only lifted the standards of living of the
people but were also instrumental in
accomplishing the targeted growth.
Besides the achievements under the priority
sectors like irrigation, agriculture and rural
development, the state is committed to focus
on increasing public spending on social
sector - especially on Housing, Urban
development and welfare of SCs, STs,
minorities etc. besides the new initiatives like
Arogyasri and 104/108 medical services,
Abhaya Hastam, and others so as to ensure
that the benefits of economic development
and technology reach the needy.
The following is the outcome of some of the
programmes /initiatives implemented during
the 3 years of the 11th Five Year Plan.
Agricultural renaissance
The growth in agricultural sector in Andhra
Pradesh, after reaching a peak in the eighties
started decelerating in the nineties only to
recover and gain momentum in the recent
periods. The growth rate of agricultural
sector during the tenth plan period was
higher than the targeted growth rate. The
prospects of the State in meeting the 11th
Five Year Plan target of 4% also seems
achievable.
The state has been implementing a number of
farmer-friendly initiatives to encourage
farming in the state. These include supply of
free power to Agriculture, insulate farmers
from financial losses and to restore their
credit eligibility in the event of crop loss
through Agricultural insurance, disbursement
of agricultural credit, debt waiver
encouraging farmers to adopt integrated pest
management practices.
During the first three years of the 11th Five
Year Plan so far, an amount of Rs. 9617.20
crores has been given as subsidy (tariff and
cross subsidies) towards providing free
power thereby benefitting nearly 20 lakh
farmers every year.
The area, production and productivity of
foodgrains have increased considerably.
After an impressive foodgrain production of
198.17 lakh tonnes during the 1st year of 11th
Five Year Plan, i.e 2007-08, the state has
registered a record foodgrain production of
204.21 lakh tonnes during 2008-09.
However, due to the adverse seasonal
conditions prevailing in most parts of the
state and subsequent floods, the state may
experience a slump in production during this
financial year.
The massive programme of ‘Jalayagnam’, of
creating 98.41 lakh acres of new irrigation
potential and stabilizing 22.26 lakh acres by
constructing a total number of 86 irrigation
projects-which include 44 major, 30 medium
projects, 4 flood banks and modernizing 8
projects has been mounted since 2004-05.
12 projects have been completed and water
released during 2004-05 to 2008-09. During
the 3 years (2007-08 to December, 2009) of
the 11th Five Year Plan 12.26 lakh acres
potential including stabilization of 2.20 lakh
acres, was created.
Huge budgetary allocations have been
provided for the irrigation sector during the
period. In fact, irrigation sector alone has
accounted for 41.57% (amounting to Rs.
44,898 crores) of the total plan outlay during
2007-09 to 2009-10.
Health initiatives:
Arogyasri
One of objectives of the Eleventh Five Year
Plan is to achieve good health for the people,
especially the poor and underprivileged. To
provide financial protection to families living
below poverty line for treatment of serious
ailments, the Arogyasri Health Care Trust
was set up to implement a Community
Health Insurance scheme – Arogyasri.
192
Since inception in April, 2007, in all 15,353
medical camps were held in network
hospitals in rural areas wherein 26.81 lakh
patients have been screened. Of these, 7.2
lakh patients have been treated as out-
patients and 5.7 lakh as in-patients. 4.94 lakh
patients underwent surgery/therapy at a cost
of Rs. 1478.56 crores.
Emergency Transport(108) and Health
Information (104) Services:
Toll Free 108 (EMRI): to enable rural poor
easy access to hospital services, free of cost,
in times of emergency. 652 ambulances are
operating round-the clock. Further, a Caller-
free Telephone service(104) for the rural and
urban population of the State to disseminate
information, advice and guidance related to
any health problem have been undertaken by
the Government.
Medical and Health sector has been
adequately funded. During the 3 year
period(2007-08 to 2009-10), an amount of
Rs. 3,489 crores (about 3.24% of total plan
outlays) has been provided in the Plan
Budgets.
Housing & Pensions under INDIRAMMA:
Andhra Pradesh has been the pioneer in
implementing “Housing for All” duly making
it a reality on saturation basis. During 1st
three years of the 11th Five Year Plan, (2007-
08 to 2009-10), 26.51 lakh houses have been
constructed. In order to accomplish saturation
on the housing front, sizable budgetary
allocations have been made during the recent
past. In fact, housing accounts for 11.64%
(amounting to Rs. 12,569 crores) of the total
plan outlay during the 3 year period of the
11th Five Year Plan. Incidentally, Housing
sector happens to be the 2nd largest
shareholder of Plan budget, only falling
behind the massive irrigation sector.
Largest ever social security net target is to
provide pensions every month to around
71.79 lakh persons comprising old-aged,
disabled and widows across the state.
Substantial budgetary allocations provided in
the plan budgets and pensions have been
distributed to 66,36,465 pensioners upto
November, 2009.
Self Help Groups(SHGs)
The concept of Indira Kranthi Patham has
been evolved with an objective of enabling
all the rural poor families in 22 rural districts
of Andhra Pradesh to improve their
livelihoods and quality of life. All
households below the poverty line, starting
from the poorest of the poor are the target
group of Indira Kranthi Patham.
As of December, 2009, 9.34 lakh SHGs
covering 1.07 crore rural women are
functioning in the state with nearly 53% of
them covered under Bank linkage.
Social Harmony
From the year 2008-09, applications for
scholarships and sanction of Scholarships to
S.C, S.T and B.C students were made
ONLINE to ensure that scholarships reach the
students by the 1st of every month and also to
ensure transparency by keeping all the
information in the public domain.
Urban Development
Economic growth, substantially driven by
Industries and Services sector is witnessing
accelerated demographic expansion of urban
population, not witnessed during last century
across the state. The emerging challenge
needs to be tackled on multiple fronts
simultaneously.
Service providers in urban areas normally
inhabit low-lying slums. Government have
started working on providing shelter with
individual water supply and adequate
drainage facilities to all such poor slum
dwellers. Progress, hitherto is on track.
Infrastructure Projects
a) Hyderabad International Airport
commenced work during 2005 and it
is made operational in March,2008.
b) 158 kms length of Outer Ring Road
(ORR) around the capital city of
Hyderabad is being implemented to
reduce inner-city traffic congestion.
Information Technology
Information Technology and Communi-
cations continue to thrive in our State. I.T.
exports worth Rs.12,521 crores during 2005-
06 have increased to Rs.18,582 crores during
2006-07 to Rs. 32,509 during 2007-08 and
further to Rs. 31,470 crores during 2008-09.
193
Similar upward surge in IT exports is
expected to continue during 2009-10 also.
Performance of Flagship programmes
With a view to impart greater momentum to
the efforts being made in various sectors, the
Government has launched a number of
programmes under sectors of Rural
Development, Urban Development, Health
and Sanitation, Agriculture, Education etc..
The sector-wise performance of various
flagship programmes during the 11th Five
Year Plan period is briefed hereunder.
Rural Development
The Government has launched a number of
flagship programmes during the last few
years. The Department of Rural Development
implements these programmes for generating
self-employment and wage employment,
providing housing, rural roads and assets to
the rural poor and social assistance to the
destitute.
A brief assessment of four flagship
programmes, namely, National Rural
Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS),
Indira Awas Yojana (IAY), Pradhan Mantri
Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) and National
Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)
sponsored by the Central Government.
National Rural Employment Guarantee
Programme (NREGP)
The National Rural Employment Guarantee
Act 2005 came into force on 2nd February
2006 According to this Act, workers are
entitled to 100 days of wage employment for
their households in a financial year.
Government of Andhra Pradesh has adopted
the Central Act and formulated the Andhra
Pradesh Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme (APREGS). This scheme was
implemented in 1098 mandals across the
state in the 22 districts excluding Hyderabad.
Since inception of the scheme, an amount of
Rs.7567 crores had been spent up to 9th
October 2009. This has resulted in the
generation of 73.41 crore person days of
employment. This programme has so far
covered 1.19 crore households through
issuing job cards in 22 districts of Andhra
Pradesh. The implementation of the scheme
in Andhra Pradesh has been improving over
time.
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
(PMGSY)
Good infrastructure is necessary not only for
the economic development of rural areas but
also for overall human development and an
acceptable standard of living. Infrastructure
like rural roads can enhance connectivity and
offer better marketing possibilities.
A 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme
“Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
(PMGSY)” was launched on 25th December
2000 primarily aiming to provide all-weather
road connectivity to unconnected habitations.
Under this programme, amounts of Rs.
386.59 crores, Rs. 495.59 crores and 672.15
crores was spent respectively in 2007-08,
2008-09 and 2009-10, till Dec. 2009. In all, a
total amount of Rs. 1554.33 crores has been
spent during these 3 years, a total road length
of 5059.19 km. has been upgraded and
another 12.60 km length of new connectivity
has been provided.
Indira Awas Yojana (IAY):
Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) is the most
significant rural housing scheme among the
central schemes.
Indira Awas Yojana is a Centrally Sponsored
scheme being implemented in the state with a
sharing pattern of 75:25 between the centre
and the state.
Under the IAY programme, amounts of Rs.
468.39 crores, Rs. 734.34 crores and 994.16
crores was utilized respectively during 2007-
08, 2008-09 and 2009-10, till Dec. 2009
totaling to Rs. 2197.29 crores. The amounts
include the state contribution besides the
Central allocation. Under the IAY scheme,
6.33 lakh houses have been constructed
during the three year period 2007-08 to Dec.
2009.
National Social Assistance Programme
(NSAP)
The National Social Assistance Programme
(NSAP), sponsored by the Ministry of Rural
Development (MoRD), Government of India,
came into effect from August 15, 1995 with
the purpose of providing social assistance to
the rural poor in India. It aims at improving
the quality of life of the rural poor.
The programme has four components,
namely:
194
1. National Old Age Pension Scheme
(NOAPS)
2. National Family Benefit Scheme
(NFBS)
3. Indira Gandhi Widow Pension
Scheme (IGWPS)
4. Indira Gandhi Disability Pension
(IGDP).
Under the NSA Programme, amounts of
Rs. 129.10 crores, Rs. 240.92 crores and
249.86 crores was utilized respectively
during 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 till
Nov. 2009 totalling to Rs. 619.88 crores
towards implementation of the above
mentioned 4 components. The utilised
amounts are out of the allocations of GoI.
Health, Nutrition and Drinking Water
The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
launched in the country during April 2005 is
an articulation of the government's
commitment to increase public spending on
health. The main focus of this programme is
to make all health facilities a fully functional,
community owned, decentralised health
delivery system with an emphasis on inter-
sectoral convergence with sanitation, water,
education, nutrition, social and gender
equality besides strengthening all health
facilities according to Indian Public Health
Standards (IPHS).
For implementation of various items
subsumed under NRHM, amounts of Rs.
422.22 crores, 733.97 crores and Rs. 626.90
crores have been allocated during the years
2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10. Against
these allocations, amounts of Rs. 281.00
crores, Rs. 522.88 crores and Rs. 304.73
crores has been spent respectively during the
above 3 years. The scheme covers several
health parameters.
Integrated Child Development Services
(ICDS)
ICDS is one of the important programmes of
the Women Development and Child Welfare
department which is headed by a
Commissioner/Director in Andhra Pradesh.
At the block level, the Child Development
Project Officer (CDPO) implements all ICDS
services. One or more Anganwadi Centres
(AWCs) are functioning in each village, with
one Anganwadi Worker (AWW) and one
Anganwadi Helper (AWH) to manage the
AWC.
The ICDS is a Centrally Pponsored scheme
and is the single largest integrated
programme of child development in the
country and in the state.
The main activities of ICDS centres are: 1)
Provision of supplementary nutrition for
children in the ages of 6 months to 6 years
and pregnant and lactating mothers 2)
Education for children between 3 to 6 years
(Early Childhood Education) 3)
Immunization of children and women in
collaboration with the health department
(ANM in the village) 4) Health check-up for
children and women 5) Referral services for
children and women 6) Nutrition and health
education to mothers and adolescent girls.
For undertaking various ICDS, amounts of
Rs. 292.50 crores, 420.20 crores and Rs.
350.18 crores has been spent during the years
2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10. For
supplementary Nutrition, additional amounts
of Rs. 350.18 crores, 245.70 crores and Rs.
132.33 crores have also spent during the
period. A total of no. 385 ICDS projects have
been implemented with 73, 944 AWCs are
operational in the state.
With regard to physical achievements under
Supplementary Nutrition, the number of
children (6 months to 6 years of age)
benefitted during the 2007-08, 2008-09 and
2009-10 are 40.77 lakhs, 41.31 lakhs and
40.05 lakhs respectively. Similarly, the no. of
benefitted pregnant and lactating women for
the same period are 10.01 lakhs, 10.78 lakhs
and 10.43 lakhs.
Accelerated Rural Water Supply
Programme (ARWSP)
At present, about 72 % of water supply
schemes are based on ground water as the
source and 28% are covered by surface
sources. Further, there is no safe source in
about 1,647 habitations, of which 1,064 are
fluoride affected. Apart from providing
treated surface water to fluoride affected
habitations, Rural Water Supply Scheme
(RWSS) has tried various options for de-
fluoridation including reverse osmosis for
supplying safe drinking water.
195
Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme
(ARWSP) is Centrally Sponsored scheme
implemented under Bharat Nirman
programme.
An amount of Rs. 207.37 crores was spent
under the Bharat Nirman programme for
providing drinking water to 31,312
habitations against a target of 33,133
habitations during the last three years (2007-
08 to 2009-10).
Education:
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a
comprehensive and integrated flagship
programme of Government of India, to attain
Universal Elementary Education (UEE) in
the country in a mission mode. Launched in
partnership with the State Governments and
local self-governments, SSA aims to provide
useful and relevant education to all the
children in the 6-14 age groups by 2010.
Under the SSA programme, amounts of Rs.
466.26 crores, Rs. 945.00 crores and 411.93
crores was spent respectively during 2007-
08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 (till Dec. 2009)
totalling to Rs. 1823.19 crores. The amounts
include the state contribution besides the
Central allocation.
Under this scheme, during the 3-year period,
128 new school buildings have been
constructed, 166 primary schools and 167
Upper Primary schools have been made
operational. Further, 760 schools have been
provided with adequate drinking water
facility and 1504 schools have been provided
with toilet facility. Due to the infrastructure
facilities and academic support, there has
been improvement in enrolment as well as
reducing drop out ratios.
Mid Day Meal Scheme (MDMs)
Midday Meal scheme (MDM) is being
implemented from January 2003 in the state.
Under the scheme, a minimum content of 450
calories and 12 grams of protein content is
provided per child on each working day of
the school for classes I to V and 700 calories
and 20 grams of protein content is provided
per child on each working day of the school
for classes VI to X. Primary School, Upper
Primary and High School Children of Classes
I – X studying in Government/Local bodies
and Aided institutions are covered under this
scheme.
Under the Mid-Day Meal programme,
amounts of Rs. 177.41 crores, Rs. 206.61
crores and 144.00 crores was spent
respectively during 2007-08, 2008-09 and
2009-10 (till Dec. 2009) totaling to Rs.
528.02 crores. The amounts include the state
contribution besides the Central allocation.
Under the scheme, 54.30 lakh students
during 2007-08, 68.87 lakh students during
2008-09, and 86.07lakh students during
2009-10 have been covered under the
scheme.
Urban Development:
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban
Renewable Mission (JNNURM):
The Government of India had launched the
Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission
(JNNURM) for a period of 7 years beginning
from 2005-06. The Mission, in effect, seeks
to ensure sustainable infrastructure
development in select cities of the country,
selected on 2001 population criteria.
The JNNURM Urban Reforms Mission has
two Sub-Missions, viz., Urban Infrastructure
& Governance (UI&G) and Basic Services to
the Urban Poor(BSUP). Besides these two
sub-missions, two other components viz.,
Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme
for Small & Medium Towns (UIDSSMT)
and Integrated Housing and Slum
Development Programme(IHSDP) are also
associated with the development of the select
cities, together making the Package of
JNNURM. Major financial support under
JNNURM would be given by the GOI, in the
form of Central Assistance.
So far, an amount of Rs. 1375.75 crores
under UI&G scheme, Rs. 1088.98 crores
under UIDSSMT, Rs. 926.60 crores under
196
BSUP and Rs. 328.93 crores under IHSDP
has been spent.
Agriculture and Water Management
Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme
Government of India has initiated assistance
under AIBP to complete the ongoing Major
and Medium Irrigation projects taken up with
Central Water Commission and Planning
Commission Clearances, since 1996 – 97 to
create Irrigation Potential at Optimum cost,
based on the guidelines issued from time to
time.
While 22 projects have been approved under
AIBP during the 10th Five Year Plan, 3 more
have been approved during the 11th Five Year
Plan period so far. During 3-year
period(2007-08 to 2009-10), 6 AIBP projects
have been completed. During the 1st two
years of the 11th Five Year Plan, 2.00 lakh
hects. of irrigation potential has been created
under the AIBP projects.
A total amount of Rs. 5834.17 crores has
been spent during the 3 years of the 11th Five
Year Plan(2007-08 to 2009-10) so far under
various AIBP projects in the state.
State Horticultural Mission (SHM):
The project envisages development of
Horticulture sector focussing on Plantation
Infrastructure Development, Rejuvenation,
post-harvest management techniques,
conducting awareness programmes and
others.
For carrying out the said activities, amounts
of Rs. 128.84 crores, Rs. 66.18 crores have
been spent during the two years 2008-09 and
2009-10 under the scheme. The Mission has
benefited 3.71 lakh farmers during the 11th
Five Year Plan period so far.
***
 Annexure - 2.15
Gross Fixed Capital Formation in Andhra Pradesh by Industry of Use at Current Prices
(Rs. Lakhs)
Sl.
Industry 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 (P)
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing

1.1 Agriculture 199484 208263 243383 282247 453417 804133 837065 1078405

1.2 Live Stock 28552 41054 51317 63655 84301 91250 140260 178350

1.3 Forestry & Logging 15584 12488 11010 21792 16091 16259 13609 10914

1.4 Fishing 122376 147122 182933 189307 187237 198104 210947 237767

Agriculture Sector 365996 408927 488643 557001 741046 1109746 1201881 1505436

2 Mining & quarrying 35162 38265 7738 15530 28162 29757 38844 23438

3 Manufacturing 596207 614187 691097 870418 1081257 1630759 1869476 2146454

3.1 Manufacturing (Reg.) 412891 431643 488324 635998 822068 1345738 1551557 1783115

3.2 Manufacturing (Un Reg.) 183316 182544 202773 234420 259189 285021 317919 363339
Electricity, Gas & Water
4 438788 427445 293223 449205 384113 449026 623741 691181
Supply
5 Construction 186771 197717 213179 260848 262622 430051 604339 728612

Industry Sector 1256928 1277614 1205237 1596001 1756154 2539593 3136400 3589685

6 Trade, Hotels & Restuarants 102419 111424 122424 138047 168239 202453 217943 317865
Transport, Storage &
7 675602 817143 730219 694532 872506 984646 1095867 1286099
Communication
7.1 Railways 48299 40744 75014 46700 66446 77047 110574 143373
Transport by other means &
7.2 484199 527595 552384 596251 677409 715721 768087 814666
Storage
7.3 Communications 143104 248804 102821 51581 128651 191878 217206 327923
Financing , Insurance, Real
8 494754 585605 655243 772601 990777 1299086 1831956 2439098
Estate & Business Services
8.1 Banking & Insurance 17949 45267 24205 32203 41657 66386 66559 51143
Real Estate, Ownership of
8.2 Dwellings and Business 476805 540338 631038 740398 949120 1232700 1765397 238955
Services
Community, Social &
9 240821 266983 276613 308870 324820 363212 554204 610643
Personal Services
9.1 Public Administration 92131 100137 123136 125203 129070 151773 222212 235886

9.2 Other Services 148690 166846 153477 183667 195750 211439 331992 374757

Services Sector 1513596 1781155 1784499 1914050 2356342 2849397 3699970 4653705

TOTAL GFCF 3136520 3467696 3478379 4067052 4853542 6498736 8038251 9748826

P=Provisional Estimates

Source:Directorate of Economics and Statistics

210
 Annexure - 4.1
Consumer Price Index Numbers for Industrial Workers at Selected Centers
(Base: 2001=100)
Apr - Sept Apr - Sept
Sl. No. Centre 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
2008 2009
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 Hyderabad 118 125 139 134 151

2 Guntur 122 128 145 140 160

3 Visakhapatnam 121 127 139 135 152

4 Warangal 126 136 153 151 171

5 Vijayawada 121 128 141 137 162

6 GodavariKhani 128 137 156 150 168

7 Vizianagaram-Chittivalasa 127 135 150 147 169

8 Kakinada- Rajahmundry 131 138 152 148 167

9 Jaggaihpeta -Miryalaguda 130 138 152 148 171

10 Tirupathi- Renigunta 126 132 146 142 162

11 Kothagudem-Palwancha 126 132 146 143 163

12 Nizamabad- Bodhan 132 138 153 148 170

Andhra Pradesh 125 132 147 142 162

All India 125 133 145 142 157

Source : 1. Labour Bureau, Shimla.

2. Directorate of Economics and Statistics.

218
 Annexure 10.1
Outlay and Expenditure during Three Annual Plans of Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12)
(Rs.crores)
Annual Plan 2007-08 Annual Plan 2008-09 Annual Plan 2009-10 Three Annual Plans (2007-08 to 2009-10)

% % % % Expendi % % Expendit % Exp.

Sl. Head / Sub-Head of Approv Approv Approv
Expendi Exp. to Exp. to Expendi Exp. to Exp. to ture Exp. to Exp. to Approve ure to % Exp. to
No. Development ed ed ed
ture Actual Total ture Actual Total (upto Actual Total d Outlay (upto Actual Total Exp.
Outlay Outlay Outlay
Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp. Dec, 09) Outlay Exp. Dec, 09) Outlay
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
A Economic Services
Agriculture and Allied
I. 847.49 994.04 117.29 3.66 2242.29 2933.79 130.84 9.58 1250.30 667.28 53.37 3.72 4340.08 4595.11 105.88 6.07
Services
II. Rural Development 1574.01 1448.03 92.00 5.33 2901.49 2731.11 94.13 8.92 2924.14 2339.94 80.02 13.05 7399.64 6519.08 88.10 8.61
III. Special Area Development 594.69 877.63 147.58 3.23 120.00 120.00 100.00 0.39 25.00 25.00 100.00 0.14 739.69 1022.63 138.25 1.35
IV. Irrigation and Flood Control 12973.60 12215.96 94.16 44.96 16471.50 9001.45 54.65 29.40 15453.19 7936.26 51.36 44.25 44898.29 29153.67 64.93 38.50
V. Energy 259.15 46.50 17.94 0.17 391.68 18.24 4.66 0.06 171.96 14.20 8.26 0.08 822.79 78.94 9.59 0.10
VI Industry and Minerals
VI. 473 01
473.01 436 93
436.93 92 37
92.37 1 61
1.61 571 75
571.75 262 38
262.38 45 89
45.89 0 86
0.86 774 78
774.78 16 10
16.10 2 08
2.08 0 09
0.09 1819 54
1819.54 715 41
715.41 39 32
39.32 0 94
0.94
VII. Transport 1431.89 1689.05 117.96 6.22 2483.16 2228.31 89.74 7.28 1492.76 1106.01 74.09 6.17 5407.81 5023.37 92.89 6.63
VIII. Communications
Science, Technology and
276

IX. 3.14 3.63 115.61 0.01 2.97 2.32 78.11 0.01 7.69 0.92 11.96 0.01 13.80 6.87 49.78 0.01
Environment
X. General Economic Services 1343.90 1228.58 91.42 4.52 1942.58 863.55 44.45 2.82 571.97 477.04 83.40 2.66 3858.45 2569.17 66.59 3.39
Total Economic Services 19500.88 18940.35 97.13 69.71 27127.42 18161.15 66.95 59.32 22671.79 12582.75 55.50 70.15 69300.09 49684.25 71.69 65.61
B Social Services
1 General Education 732.11 631.16 86.21 2.32 1615.36 854.01 52.87 2.79 1168.23 405.60 34.72 2.26 3515.70 1890.77 53.78 2.50
2 Sports & Youth Services 92.04 99.52 108.13 0.37 123.69 62.54 50.56 0.20 53.28 22.09 41.46 0.12 269.01 184.15 68.45 0.24
3 Technical Education 86.93 59.07 67.95 0.22 119.23 62.71 52.60 0.20 646.45 182.43 28.22 1.02 852.61 304.21 35.68 0.40
4 Art & Culture 35.56 10.52 29.58 0.04 71.74 43.32 60.38 0.14 58.28 17.19 29.50 0.10 165.58 71.03 42.90 0.09
5 Medical & Public Health 760.28 663.94 87.33 2.44 1317.09 1066.81 81.00 3.48 1412.00 925.52 65.55 5.16 3489.37 2656.27 76.12 3.51
6 Water Supply & Sanitation 831.86 697.55 83.85 2.57 1434.98 792.94 55.26 2.59 780.69 415.55 53.23 2.32 3047.53 1906.04 62.54 2.52
7 Housing 4853.17 2780.52 57.29 10.23 5907.42 4098.66 69.38 13.39 1808.01 956.72 52.92 5.33 12568.60 7835.90 62.35 10.35
8 Urban Development 1464.58 1427.03 97.44 5.25 2768.21 2681.29 96.86 8.76 2152.91 1192.06 55.37 6.65 6385.70 5300.38 83.00 7.00
9 Information & Publicity 15.00 52.40 349.33 0.19 54.00 96.67 179.02 0.32 50.00 35.43 70.86 0.20 119.00 184.50 155.04 0.24

10 Welfare of SC,ST,BC & 1465.17 1259.73 85.98 4.64 2232.73 1866.06 83.58 6.09 1856.57 799.44 43.06 4.46 5554.47 3925.23 70.67 5.18
Minorities
11 Labour and Employment 15.76 25.49 161.74 0.09 170.86 73.83 43.21 0.24 43.75 20.03 45.78 0.11 230.37 119.35 51.81 0.16
12 Social Security & Welfare 218.73 218.57 99.93 0.80 440.76 417.61 94.75 1.36 404.69 226.65 56.01 1.26 1064.18 862.83 81.08 1.14
13 Nutrition (WD &CW) 250.00 233.68 93.47 0.86 240.18 205.67 85.63 0.67 280.42 91.10 32.49 0.51 770.60 530.45 68.84 0.70
Total Social Services 10821.19 8159.18 75.40 30.03 16496.25 12322.12 74.70 40.25 10715.28 5289.81 49.37 29.49 38032.72 25771.11 67.76 34.03
C General Services 177.93 71.26 40.05 0.26 376.33 134.42 35.72 0.44 109.70 63.73 58.09 0.36 663.96 269.41 40.58 0.36
Grand Total 30500.00 27170.79 89.08 100.00 44000.00 30617.69 69.59 100.00 33496.77 17936.29 53.55 100.00 107996.77 75724.77 70.12 100.00
Source: Planning Department