GSM Training for

Professionals
TOPICS
 Module-1 Introduction of Communication and Wireless Concepts

 History of Communication
 Telecommunication Basics
 Frequency, Range of Wireless Frequency
 Channel Concept
 Multiple Access Concepts and its types

 Module-2 Cellular Generation Wireless Concepts

 1st Generation of Cellular Communication (AMPS, TACS)

 2nd Generation of TDMA , GSM
 3rd Generation WCDMA
 4th Generation LTE

 Module-3 GSM Architecture

 MS
 BSS
 NSS
 Interfaces, Protocols
TOPICS
 Module-4 GSM Channel Concepts

 GSM Channels
 Physical and Logical Channels

 Module-5 Cell Planning Concepts

 Cell Planning Basic

 Cell Planning Tools , TEMPS

 Module-6 NSS/BSS Hardware and Software

 MSC
 HLR
 STP
 BSC

 Module-7 DATA Calls

 HSCSD
 GPRS
 Data Call Path,
 SGSN and GGSN Hardware
TOPICS
 Module-8 Call paths

 Postpaid to Paid calls

 Postpaid to Prepaid calls
 Operator to Operator Calls
 Mobile to PTCL calls

 Module-9 Mobile Packet Backbone Network

 OSI layer
 IP Fundamentals
 IP Routing , Protocols
 MPLS Requirement in Telecom

 Module-10 GSM Evolution Path

 GSM Towards LTE

 LTE Architecture
 S-GWS, MME, eNode
 Wireless Access Evolution

Subscribers

 Broadband
 Network
Simplification
 New Services  Cost of
 Efficiency Ownership
 Voice Quality  More Data
 Portability Services
 Coverage  Capacity required
 Mobility  Data Service

Voice Broadband
Secrete of Upgrade
 Maximize

 Utilization Spectrum Efficiency FDMA/TDMA/CDMA/OFDMA

 Power Efficiency----------------Battery

 Minimize

 Complexity------- System should be Simple,

 Cost--------- It should be minimize , as per customer needs
GSM Architecture Overview
 Main components of GSM

 The mobile station (MS)

 BSS Base Station Subsystem (BTS+BSC)
 MSS Mobile Station Subsystem (MSC/HLR, ..)

BTS BSC MSC

Network Overview
MS (Mobile Station)
MS

RF department
BTS
BSS (Base Station System)

BSC RAN department

Transmission department
PSTN,ISDN...
MSC
NSS (Network Switching
Voicemail Server
Subsystem)
SM-SC VLR HLR AuC EIR
NSS department
OMC OMC
OMM(Operations & Maintenance
NMC GSM interfaces
X.25 links Management)
Services offered

 Voice Services
 Data Services (GPRS/MMS)

 Short Code Services

GSM Voice Network

Only Voice Call

GSM Voice and Data Call Architecture

Voice Calls Path

Data Calls Path

Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

GSM Prepaid Services
SMSC
BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

PSTN OMO
Fixed Network
Short Code Services
Cell Planning (RF)
 Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless
Broadband Requirements

4G Air Interfaces
Wide Area
Mobile

MOBILE
BROADBAND

GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS HSPA LTE 3GPP

Coverage/Mobility

802.16e
(Mobile WIMAX)
Metro Area

Mobile Industry
Nomadic

802.16a/d
(Fixed NLOS)

802.11n
Fixed Wireless Industry (smart antennas)
802.11
Local Area

802.16 Mesh extns.

Fixed

(Fixed LOS)
Dial Up DSL Experience Fibre Experience
802.11b/a/g
Data Rates (kbps)
100,000 +
Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit
Converge Networks
GSM Call
Setup
 AUC

HLR  MS Mobile Station = phone + SIM card

BSC  BTS Base Transceiver Station
 BSC Base Station Controller
 HLR Home Location Register
 MSC Mobile services Switching Centre
 VLR Visitor Location Register
 AUC Authentication Centre
VMS EIR Stand-alone or integrated in HLR
 EIR Equipment Identity Register
For blacklisting stolen and unwanted
equipment
PrePaid MSC/VLR SMSC
 SMSC Short Message Service ”Support”
Node Centre
Warid  VMS Voice Messaging System
 PrePaid Node Hosting prepaid service system
INTERNET
 IN Intelligent Network services
Telenore  PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
 PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange

MSC
PSTN Mobilink w
BSC
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC
Base Station Controller

 The call request reaches the BSC from the

BTS and is forwarded to MSC.
 After call is established, the BSC will perform
decoding of the call (in typical config.)
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
  Checks A number.
 To whom is A subscriber calling?
(Checks B number)
 Example : A subscriber has
prepaid number.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC HLR

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 Does the A subscriber have
money left on his/her account?
 When the call is established and
on-going the subscriber’s
account is decremented
accordingly.

PrePaid Node
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
  Where is the B subscriber?
 MSC interrogates in HLR.
(HLR = Home Location
Register)

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR says ’I am the home of the B subscriber and I
know where he/she is right now’ (i.e. which VLR)
 Tells this VLR ’Give me a visitor address
for this subscriber’ (Roaming Number)

HLR
Home Location Register
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 Hosting MSC/VLR returns TEMPORARILY
assigned visitor/roaming address for B-
subscriber to HLR.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 ’Thanks for the visitor address!’
 ’I will send this address to the
MSC that requested for it.’

HLR
Home Location Register
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 ’Thank you, HLR!’
 Speech connection path will set
up now towards the MSC/VLR
where the B subscriber is
presently located.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 Sets up a speech connection towards BSC.
 Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks to
page for the subscriber using that ID.

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
 BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs that it covers/controls.
 Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to MSC.
 Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best available and
allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for called MS.
 Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.

BSC
Base Station Controller
 HLR
BSC

VMS EIR
Voicemail

PrePaid MSC SMSC

IN INTERNET

MSC BSC
PSTN PSTN PABX
Fixed Network International
Thank
You