9.16.

Prepare a plot of work per pound mole versus the pressue ratio P2/P1 for a perfect gas with
k=1.4, being compressed from an inlet condition of 68oF. Cover the pressure ratio range of 1 to
20. Show the curves for both adiabatic and isothermal compressor.
Jawab:

P1 W 11 2515.7183 3613.209276

P2 n 12 2607.005 3796.591885
ADIABATIC ISOTHERMAL
13 2690.9807 3969.361172
1 0 0

2 727.20566 804.2128819 14 2768.7301 4132.881659

3 1152.5937 1353.997478 15 2841.113 4288.259347

4 1454.4113 1784.559366
16 2908.8226 4436.404392
5 1688.5193 2143.771592

6 1879.7994 2454.754295 17 2972.4261 4578.075673

7 2041.5244 2730.624687
18 3032.3931 4713.913224
8 2181.617 2979.615116
19 3089.1169 4844.462326
9 2305.1874 3207.265422

10 2415.7249 3417.499724 20 3142.9306 4970.191708

5400
5200
5000
4800
4600
4400
4200
4000
3800
3600
3400
3200
3000 ADIABATIC
COMPRESSOR
- W/n

2800
2600 ISOTHERMAL
2400 COMPRESSOR
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
P1/P2
9.20. We wish to compress air from 1 atm at 0oF to 10 atm. We will use two-stage, intercooled,
adiabatic compressor. For the intercooler, we have cooling water cold enough to cool the gas to
68oF. What is the optimum interstage pressure in this case? Write out the general formula of the
optimum interstage pressure in terms of the inlet temperatures to the two stages.
Diket: Compressor two-stage
Udara: P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 10 atm
T = 0°F = 460°R
intercooler T = 68°F = 528°R
Dit: optimum interstage pressure
Pinterstage = (Pdischarge .Pinlet)^1/2
= (10 atm . 1 atm)^1/2
= 3,162 atm
 3 atm
Menggunakanpersamaanadiabatic compressor:
 k 1

 W RT k  P 2  k
    1
n k  1  P1  
 
 0, 4

 W 1,987 btu 1,4  10  1, 4
 x 460 R x    1
n lbmol  R 0,4  3  
 
5400
5200
btu kJ
 1313,406
5000
4800  3,056
4600
4400
lbmol mol
4200
4000
3800
3600
3400
3200
3000 ADIABATIC
COMPRESSOR
- W/n

2800
2600 ISOTHERMAL
2400 COMPRESSOR
2200
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
P1/P2
9.20. We wish to compress air from 1 atm at 0oF to 10 atm. We will use two-stage, intercooled,
adiabatic compressor. For the intercooler, we have cooling water cold enough to cool the gas to
68oF. What is the optimum interstage pressure in this case? Write out the general formula of the
optimum interstage pressure in terms of the inlet temperatures to the two stages.
Diket: Compressor two-stage
Udara: P1 = 1 atm
P2 = 10 atm
T = 0°F = 460°R
intercooler T = 68°F = 528°R
Dit: optimum interstage pressure
Pinterstage = (Pdischarge .Pinlet)^1/2
= (10 atm . 1 atm)^1/2
= 3,162 atm
 3 atm
Menggunakanpersamaanadiabatic compressor:
 k 1

 W RT k  P 2  k
    1
n k  1  P1  
 
 0, 4

 W 1,987 btu 1,4  10  , 4
1
 x 460 R x    1
n lbmol  R 0,4  3  
 
btu kJ
 1313,406  3,056
lbmol mol
 k−1 k−1
−∆ W RTinletk Pint RTintk P2
n
=
k−1 [ ( ) ] [( ) ]
P1
k
−1 +
k−1 Pint
k
−1

0,4
−∆ W 1,987.460 .1,4 10
n
=
0,4 [( ) ]
1
1,4
−1 =2977,37 btu/lbmol

Problem 9.15
How many horsepower are required to compress 20 lbmol/hr of helium from 1 atm at 70°F to 10
atm in:
a. an isothermal compressor
b. an adiabatic compressor
c. a two stage, adiabatic compressor with optimum interstage pressure and intercooling to
68°F? For helium k=1.666
Diket :

compressor

Helium P2= 10 atm

ṁ: 20 lbmol/hr
P1= 1 atm
Tin= 70°F = 530°R
Tintercooling = 68 oF = 528 oR

k = 1,666

Gambar 2.Baganuntukperhitungan no. 9.15

Dit : W untuk
a) Kompresor bersifat isotermal
b) Kompresor bersifat adiabatik
 c) Kompresor adiabatik dua tahap (two stage) dengan tekanan optimum interstage dan
suhu intercooling sebesar 68°F
Jawab:
 Asumsi :
~ Gas yang mengalir pada compressor adalah gas ideal.
 Basis : 1 jam (1 hr) operasi
n = 20 lbmol/hr x 1 hr = 20 lbmol
(a) Kompresor bersifat isotermal
P2 P2
dP P2
−ΔW =∫ V dP=nRT ∫ =nRT ln
P1 P1 P P1
P2
−ΔW =nRT ln
P1
10
−ΔW =( 20 lbmol ) ( 1 ,987 Btu/( lbmol ) ( ¿ ∘ R ) ) ( 530∘ R ) ln =48497 , 508 Btu
1
Jadi, kerja yang dibutuhkanjikakompresorbekerjasecaraisotermaladalah 48497,508 Btu =
19,060 hp
(b) Kompresor bersifat adiabatik
P2 (k −1 ) /k
nRTk P2
−ΔW =∫ V dP=
P1 k −1 P1 [( ) ] −1

( k −1 ) /k
nRTk P 2
−ΔW =
k−1 P1 [( ) ] −1

(1 ,666−1 )
( 20lbmol )( 1,987Btu/lbmol .∘ R )( 530∘ R ) ( 1,666 ) 10
−ΔW =
1,666−1 1 [( ) 1,666 −1
] =79583,804 Btu

Jadi, kerja yang dibutuhkanjikakompresorbekerjasecaraadiabatikadalah 79583,804Btu =

31,276 hp.
(c) Kompresor adiabatik dua tahap (two stage) dengan tekanan optimum interstage dan suhu
intercooling sebesar 68°F
 Mencari terlebih dahulu tekanan interstage optimum :
 1 /2
Pint erstage =( P discharg e⋅Pinlet )

  P2  P1    10.1
12 12
 3,162atm

 Menentukan besar kerja yang dibutuhkan :

P2
W   V dP
P1

 nRTk  P  k 1 k   nRT k  P  k 1 k 

 interstage 
    1   ic

2
  1
 k  1  P1   
  k  1 P
 interstage  
 

nRk  
 k 1 k      k 1 k

 Pinterstage      P2  
 T    1  Tic    1
k  1   P1    P 
  
    interstage  

  3,162atm  1,6661 1,666 

530 R 

  1
 20lbmol   1,987 Btu / lbmol. R   1, 666    1atm  

 1, 666  1   10atm  1,6661 1,666  

 528 R 

  1 
  3,162 atm   
 61470,540 Btu
Jadi, kerja yang
dibutuhkanjikakompresorbekerjasecaraadiabatikdanberlangsungselamaduatahapadalah
61470,54031 Btu = 24,158 hp.