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Satellite
Mobile
Satellite
Mobile
IMT-2000 ITU IMT-2000
UMTS (TDD)
UMTS (TDD)
Satellite
UMTS
Mobile
Satellite
UMTS
DECT
Mobile
GSM
1800 (FDD) Europe (FDD)
(TDD)
UMTS (TDD)
Satellite
Satellite
Mobile
Mobile
Japan
PHS
IMT-2000 IMT-2000
IMT-2000
unlicensed
Satellite
USA
Mobile
Satellite
Mobile
PCS
PCS
PCS
Frequency MHz
1850 1910 1930 1990
60MHz 60MHz
FDD FDD
Uplink Downlink
Duplex 80 MHz
1
1800 completed, 1700 under work in 3GPP
2
Some regions may not have the full band available
Soc Classification level
5 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Data
Background – Transmission Bandwidth
• WCDMA and CDMA2000 both use Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
• WCDMA:
– 5 MHz carrier spacing
Higher bandwidth implies
– 3.84 Mcps chip rate •Better multipath diversity
• CDMA2k: •Higher processing gain
– 1.25 MHz carrier spacing •Higher bitrates
– 1.2288 Mcps •Lower power fluctuation
5 MHz 5 MHz
1.25 MHz
2 x SF2 +
15 codes 16-QAM 10.1 Mbps 2 ms 5.76 Mbps
2 x SF4
EV-DO
cdma2k Unused
5 MHz voice capacity
cdma2k
voice
Chip
Chiprate
rate 1.28
1.28Mcps
Mcps 3.84
3.84Mcps
Mcps 3.84
3.84Mcps
Mcps
Spectrum
Spectrum Unpaired
flexibility Unpairedspectrum
spectrum Unpaired
Unpairedspectrum
spectrum Paired
Pairedspectrum
spectrum
flexibility
Multiple
Multipleaccess
access TDMA/CDMA
TDMA/CDMA TDMA/CDMA
TDMA/CDMA CDMA
CDMA
10.7
10.7Mbps
Mbps
Peak
Peakbit
bitrate
rate 2.8
2.8Mbps
Mbps 10.2
10.2Mbps
Mbps (14.0 Mbps)
(14.0 Mbps)
300
250
Erlangs / sector / 10 MHz
AMR 4.75
200 AMR 5.9
AMR12.2
150 DFCA
SAIC
AMR
100 EFR
50
0
Soc Classification level
GSM WCDMA
10 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Data
Wideband AMR Provides Major Step in WCDMA
Voice Quality
= Current AMR with audio bandwidth 300-3400 Hz
= Wideband-AMR with audio bandwidth 50-7000 Hz
CS only
Wideband AMR Defined in 3GPP but no Nokia product plans OK
CS+PS
email/MMS emails capacity than GPRS
CS voice + video With DTM and 3+3
- 100-110 kbps Even more capacity
sharing UE 40-60 kbps
MP3 music
>10 min download 4 min download 2 min download <1 min download
download
E2e ok, capacity
PoC More capacity More capacity Even more capacity
challenging
PS only
Streaming
20 kbps 60-80 kbps 100-110 kbps 200-300 kbps
(Mobile TV)
Low quality / limited coverage and E2e ok but efficiency Efficiency could be
VoIP
low efficiency VoIP with 3GPP R4 lower than CS better than CS voice
Broadband Narrowband Average 100-150 kbps Average 200-300 kbps 1-2 Mbps with <100
internet access internet access with 300 ms with 150 ms ms
Soc Classification level
12 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Data
UMTS Air Interface Technical Aspects
WCDMA
Carrier
Frequency
3 .8 4 M H z
5 MHz
Time
5+5 MHz in FDD mode Direct Sequence (DS) CDMA
5 MHz in TDD mode
nd
Power
Ba
cy
en
qu
e
Fr
Duration
(SF)
Frequency
Bandwidth W (3.84 Mchip/sec)
Gp=W/R=24.98 dB
• Spreading sequences
have a different length
Frequency (Hz)
• Processing gain
Packet data user (R=384 kbit/s) depends on the user data
R rate
Gp=W/R=10
Power density (W/Hz)
dB
C16(1)=[............]
C4(0)=[1111]
C16(2)=[............]
C8(1)=[1111-1-1-1-1]
C2(0)=[11] C16(3)=[............]
C16(4)=[............]
C8(2)=[11-1-111-1-1]
C16(5)=[............]
C4(1)=[11-1-1]
C16(6)=[............]
C8(3)=[11-1-1-1-111]
C16(7)=[............]
C0(0)=[1]
C16(8)=[............]
C8(0)=[1-11-11-11-1]
C16(9)=[............]
C4(2)=[1-11-1]
C16(10)=[...........]
C8(5)=[1-11-1-11-11]
C2(1)=[1-1] C16(11)=[...........]
C16(12)=[...........
C8(6)=[1-1-111-1-11] ]
C16(13=[...........]
C4(3)=[1-1-11]
C16(14)=[...........
C8(7)=[1-1-11-111-1] ]
C16(15)=[...........
]
Soc Classification level
25 © Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Data
Chips & Bits & Symbols
Bits (In this drawing, 1 bit = 8 Chips)
+1
Baseband Data
-1
Chip Chip
+1
Spreading Code
-1
+1
Spread Signal
-1
Air Interface
di n g
s pr ea +1
De -1
+1
Data
-1
128 kbps
384 kbps
2 Mbps
Spramblin
g code C1
+1
3
C1+2 C2
C1 + Spramblin
1
g code C2
Node B
MS RAKE Summed signal
RAKE Receiver
Receiver
Node B
Active cell set
Node B
S-RNC Core Network
Node B
D-RNC