TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................... i

ABSTRACT............................................................................................. iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………. v

LIST OF TABLES …………………………………………………….. vii

LIST OF APPENDICES........................................................................... ix

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Background of the Study……………………... 1

1.2 The Focus of the Research………………………... 5
1.3 The Objectives of the Study……………………..... 5
1.4 The Scope of the Study……………………............. 6
1.5 The Significance of the Study……………………... 6
1.6 The Clarification of Terminologies........................... 7

CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 Language Endangerment…………………………… 9

2.2 Language Maintenance……………………………… 11

2.2.1 Language Identity and Language Maintenance…… 12

2.2.2 Language Attitude in Language Maintenance…….. 14

2.2.3 The Roles of Parents in Language Maintenance…… 16

2.2.3.1 The Use of Language among the Member of Family22

2.2.3.2 The Use of Language in Neighbors…………… 24

2.2.3.3 The use of Language in Work Place....................... 24

2.3 Malay Language…………………………………….. 25

2.4 Bahasa Melayu Langkat among Multi languages....... 26

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CHAPTER III : METHOD OF RESEARCH

3.1 The Research Design………………………………….. 30

3.2 The Subjects of the Study…………………………….. 30

3.3 The Technique for Collecting Data………………….. 31

3.4 The Data Analysis…………………………………….. 33

3.5 The Trustworthiness of the Study…………………….. 35

CHAPTER IV : DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

4.1 The Data and Data Analysis......................................... 37

4.2 The Findings................................................................ 46

4.3 The Discussions........................................................... 47

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 Conclusions.................................................................. 50

5.2 Suggestions.................................................................. 50

REFERENCES…………………………………………………………… 52

APPENDICES……………………………………………………………. 55

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