Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
Exercício 1. ∫
0
1 + x dx .
1 1
1 3
1 1 1 1 (1 + x) 2 +1 (1 + x) 2
∫ 1 + x dx = ∫ 1 + x d (1 + x) = ∫ (1 + x) 2 d (1 + x) = = =
1
+ 1 3
0 0 0
2 0 2 0
2 2 32 2
( )
1 3 3
= ⋅ (1 + x ) 2
2 3
= ⋅ (1 + 1) − (1 + 0) = ⋅ 2 − 1 = ⋅ 2 2 − 1 .
2 2
3 0 3 3 3
1
x dx
Exercício 2. ∫ (x
−1
2
+1 )
2
.
1
d (x2 )
d ( x 2 + 1) 1
( )
1 1 1 1 1
x dx 1 d (x2 ) 1 −2
∫ (x =∫ 2 = ⋅ ∫ = ⋅ ∫ = ⋅ ∫ x2 +1 d ( x 2 + 1) =
−1
2
+1 )
2
(
−1 x + 1
2 2
2 −1 x + 1
2
) 2
2 −1 x + 1
2
( 2
2 −1) ( )
( ) (( )
1
− 2 +1
1 x 2 + 1 1
) 1 1 1 1
1
1 −1 1
= ⋅ = − ⋅ x2 +1 = − ⋅ 2 = − ⋅ 2 − =0
2 − 2 + 1 2 −1 2 x + 1 −1
2 1 + 1 (−1) + 1
2
−1
(1 + l nx) dx
e
Exercício 3. ∫ 1
x
.
(1 + l nx) dx
e e e e e
dx
∫1 x =∫ (1 + l nx) ⋅
1
x
= ∫ (1 + l nx) ⋅ d (l nx) = ∫ d (l nx) + ∫ l nx d (l nx) =
1 1 1
e
ln2 x l n 2e l n 21
= (l nx ) 1 = (l n e − l n1) +
1 3
+ − = 1 + = .
e
2 1 2 2 2 2
1
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
2
dx
Exercício 4. ∫
0 16 − x 2
.
2 2 2
dx dx x 2 0
∫
0 16 − x 2
=∫
0 4 −x2 2
= arcsen
4 0
= arcsen − arcsen =
4 4
1 π π
= arcsen − arcsen(0 ) = − 0 = .
2 6 6
1
dx
Exercício 5. ∫x 0
2
+ 4x + 5
.
− 4 ± 16 − 20 − 4 ± − 4
x 2 + 4x + 5 = 0 ⇒ x = = .
2 2
Portanto é uma fracção elementar do terceiro tipo.
d ( x + 2)
1 1 1 1
dx dx dx
∫0 x 2 + 4 x + 5 = ∫0 x 2 + 4 x + 4 + 1 = ∫0 ( x + 2) 2 + 1 = ∫0 12 + ( x + 2) 2 =
π
2
Exercício 6. ∫ sen(2 x) dx .
0
1o método :
π π π
2 2 π
1 2
∫0 ∫0
1 1
( )
2 ∫0
sen ( 2 x ) dx = sen ( 2 x ) ⋅ ⋅ d ( 2 x ) = ⋅ sen ( 2 x ) ⋅ d ( 2 x ) = − ⋅ c os ( 2 x ) 2 =
0
2 2
1 π
= − ⋅ cos 2 ⋅ − c os (2 ⋅ 0) = − ⋅ (cos (π ) − c os (0) ) = − ⋅ (− 1 − 1) = 1 .
1 1
2 2 2 2
2
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
2o método :
π π π π
2 2 2
sen x 2 2
π
sen 2
2
2 sen 0 12 0 2
= 2⋅ − = 2 ⋅ − = 1 .
2 2 2 2
π
2
cosx
Exercício 7. ∫
π sen
3
x
dx .
6
π π π π π
− 3+1
2
c osx 2
d ( senx) −3
2
( sen x) 2
1 1 2
1 1 1 1
= − ⋅ (1 − 4 ) = .
1 1 1 3
=− ⋅ − = − ⋅ 2 − 2
2 2π 2π
2 1 1 2 2
sen sen
2 6
2
∫ (x − 2e )⋅ dx .
1
x
Exercício 8.
0
∫( ) ( )
1 1 1
x2
1 1
1
x − 2e ⋅ dx = ∫ x ⋅ dx − ∫ 2e ⋅ dx = ∫ x ⋅ dx − 2 ⋅ ∫ e ⋅ dx =
x x x
− 2 ⋅ e x =
2 0
0
0 0 0 0 0
12 0 2
= −
( 1
) 5
− 2 ⋅ e1 − e 0 = − 2e + 2 = − 2e .
2 2 2 2
∫( )
8
Exercício 9. 2 x + 3 x ⋅ dx .
0
∫( )
8 8 8 8 1 8 1
2 x + x ⋅ dx = ∫ 2 x ⋅ dx + ∫ x ⋅ dx = 2 ⋅ ∫ x ⋅ dx + ∫ x ⋅ dx =
3 3 2 3
0 0 0 0 0
3
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
8 8
1 +1 1 +1
x2 x3 2 2
3
3 3
4
8 8
= 2⋅ +
= 2 ⋅ ⋅ x + ⋅ x =
1 +1 1 3 4
+1 0 0
2 0 3 0
2 2 3 3
3 4 4
2 2 3 2 2 3 100
= ⋅ 8 2 − 0 2 + ⋅ 8 3 − 0 3 = ⋅ 83 + ⋅ 3 84 = ⋅ 16 2 + ⋅ 16 = .
3 4 3 4 3 4 3
2x − 1
2
Exercício 10. ∫x
1
3
+x
⋅ dx .
2x −1
A função é racional.
x3 + x
2x − 1 2x − 1 A Bx + C
= = + 2 ⇒ 2 x − 1 = Ax 2 + A + Bx 2 + Cx = ( A + B ) x 2 + Cx + A
x + x x( x + 1) x
3 2
x +1
Obtemos o sistema:
A + B = 0 , A = −1,
C = 2, ⇔ B = 1,
A = −1, C = 2.
Portanto
2x − 1 −1 x + 2 x+2
2 2 2 2
1
∫1 x 3 + x ⋅ dx = ∫1 x + x 2 + 1 ⋅ dx = − ∫1 x ⋅ dx + ∫1 x 2 + 1 ⋅ dx =
2 2 2 2 2
1 x 2 1 x 2
= − ∫ ⋅ dx + ∫ 2 + 2 ⋅ dx = − ∫ ⋅ dx + ∫ 2 ⋅ dx + ∫ 2 ⋅ dx =
1
x 1 x + 1 x + 1 1
x 1 x + 1 1 x + 1
2 2 2
1 1 1 1
= − ∫ ⋅ dx + ⋅ ∫ 2 ⋅ d ( x 2 + 1) + 2 ⋅ ∫ 2 ⋅ dx =
1
x 2 1 x +1 1 x +1
= − (l n x ) 2
1
+
1
2
(
⋅ l n x2 +1 ) 2
1
+ 2 ⋅ (arctg x ) 1 = − (l n 2 − l n 1) +
2 1
2
⋅ (l n 5 − l n 2 ) +
π 1 5 π
+ 2 ⋅ (arctg 2 − arctg 1) =
1 3
⋅ l n 5 − ⋅ l n 2 + 2 ⋅ arctg 2 − = ⋅ l n + 2 ⋅ arctg 2 − .
2 2 4 2 8 4
4
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
π
2
∫ senx ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx .
2
Exercício 11.
0
π π
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = sen(0) = 0 , x s up = ⇒ t s up = sen = 1
2 2
Portanto
π
2 1 1 1
1 1
∫0 senx ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx = ∫0 t ⋅ (1 − t ) ⋅ 1 − t 2 ⋅ dt = ∫0 t ⋅ 1 − t ⋅ dt = 2 ⋅ ∫0 1 − t ⋅ d (t ) =
2 2 2 2 2
1
( )
1
1 1− t 2 2 +1
( )
1 1 1
1 1
= − ⋅ ∫ 1 − t 2 ⋅ d (1 − t 2 ) = − ⋅ ∫ 1 − t 2 2 ⋅ d (1 − t 2 ) = − ⋅ =
2 1
+ 1
2 0 2 0
2 0
1
( )
3
1 1 − t 2 1
1
( ) 1
( ) − (1 − 0 ) 1
2 3 3 3
=− ⋅ = − ⋅ 1 − t 2 2 = − ⋅ 1 − 12 2 2 2
=3.
2 3 3 3
0
2 0
1
1
Exercício 12. ∫e
0
x
+ e−x
⋅ dx .
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = e 0 = 1 , x s up = 1 ⇒ t s up = e1 = e .
Portanto
1 1 e e
⋅ dt = (arctg t ) 1 =
1 1 1 1 1
∫0 e x + e − x ⋅ dx = ∫0 ⋅ dx = ∫ ⋅ ⋅ dt = ∫ 2
e
1 t +1
1 1 t
ex + x 1 t +
e t
π
= arctg e − arctg 1 = arctg e − .
4
5
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
4
Exercício 13. ∫x⋅
0
x 2 + 9 ⋅ dx .
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = 9 = 3 , x s up = 4 ⇒ t s up = 4 2 + 9 = 5 .
Portanto
5
4 5
t
5
t3 53 33 98
∫x⋅ x + 9 ⋅ dx = ∫ t − 9 ⋅t⋅ ⋅ dt = ∫ t ⋅ dt = = − =
2 2 2
.
0 3 t2 −9 3 33 3 3 3
2
dx
Exercício 14. ∫
0 x + 1 + ( x + 1) 3
.
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = 1 = 1 , x s up = 2 ⇒ t s up = 2 + 1 = 3 .
Portanto
2t ⋅ dt t ⋅ dt
2 2 3 3
dx dx
∫
0 x + 1 + ( x + 1) 3
=∫
0 x + 1 + ( x + 1) 3
= ∫
1 t +t
3
= 2⋅ ∫
1 t (1 + t )
2
=
( )
π π π
3
= 2 ⋅ (arctg t ) 1 = 2 ⋅ arctg 3 − arctg 1 = 2 ⋅ − = .
dt
= 2⋅ ∫1+ t
3
2
1 3 4 6
π
2
dx
Exercício 15. ∫ 1 + sen x + cos x .
0
x
Fazemos a substituição tg = t . Então temos:
2
2t 1− t2
senx = , c os x = .
1+ t2 1+ t2
6
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
x x 2 ⋅ dt
tg = t ⇒ = arctg t ⇒ x = 2 ⋅ arctg t ⇒ dx = .
2 2 1+ t2
π π
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = tg (0) = 0 , x s up = ⇒ t s up = tg = 1 .
2 4
Portanto
π
2 ⋅ dt 2 ⋅ dt
2 1 1 1
dx 1 dt
∫0 1 + sen x + cos x = ∫0 2t 1− t2
⋅
1+ t 2
=∫
1 + t 2
+ 2 t + 1 − t 2
=∫
1 + t
=
1+ + 0 0
1+ t2 1+ t2
1
⋅ d (1 + t ) = (l n 1 + t ) = (l n 1 + 1 − l n 1 + 0 ) = l n 2 .
1 1
=∫
0
1 + t 0
4
dx
Exercício 16. ∫1+
0 x
.
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = 0 = 0 , x s up = 4 ⇒ t s up = 4 = 2 .
Portanto
2t ⋅ dt t ⋅ dt 1+ t −1 1+ t
4 2 2 2 2
dx 1
∫0 1 + x = ∫0 1 + t = 2 ⋅ ∫0 1 + t = 2 ⋅ ∫0 1 + t ⋅ dt = 2 ⋅ ∫0 1 + t − 1 + t ⋅ dt =
2 2
⋅ d (1 + t ) = 2 ⋅ (t ) 0 − 2 ⋅ (l n 1 + t )
1 2
= 2 ⋅ ∫ dt − 2 ⋅ ∫ =
2
0 0
1+ t 0
= 2 ⋅ (2 − 0) − 2 ⋅ (l n 1 + 2 − l n 1 + 0 ) = 4 − 2 ⋅ l n 3 .
0
dx
Exercício 17. ∫1+
−1
3
x +1
.
7
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
xi nf = −1 ⇒ t i nf = 3 − 1 + 1 = 0 , x s up = 0 ⇒ t s up = 3 0 + 1 = 1 .
Portanto
1+ t 2 −1 1 t 2 −1
0 1 1 2 1 1
dx 3t 2 dt t dt
∫1+
−1
3
x +1
=∫
0
1 + t
= 3⋅ ∫
0
1 + t
= 3⋅ ∫
0
1 + t
⋅ dt = 3 ⋅ ∫
0 1 + t
+
1 + t
⋅ dt =
(t − 1)(t + 1)
1 1
1 1
= 3⋅ ∫ + ⋅ dt = 3 ⋅ ∫ + t − 1 ⋅ dt =
0
1+ t 1+ t 0
1+ t
1
1 1 1
t2
⋅ dt + 3 ⋅ ∫ t ⋅ dt − 3 ⋅ ∫ dt = 3 ⋅ (l n 1 + t ) − 3 ⋅ (t ) 0 =
1 1
= 3⋅ ∫ + 3 ⋅
1
0
1+ t 0 0
0
2 0
12 0 2
= 3 ⋅ (l n 1 + 1 − l n 1 + 0 ) + 3 ⋅ − − 3 ⋅ (1 − 0) = 3 ⋅ l n 2 − .
3
2 2 2
3
x
Exercício 18. ∫
0
6−x
⋅ dx .
x
Fazemos a substituição = t . Então temos:
6− x
x x 6t 2
=t ⇒ =t2 ⇒ x = 6t 2 − x ⋅ t 2 ⇒ x= ⇒
6− x 6− x 1+ t2
′
6t 2 12t (1 + t 2 ) − 6t 2 ⋅ 2t 12t
dx = ⋅ dt = ⋅ dt = ⋅ dt .
1+ t
2
1+ t (
2 2
) 1+ t2 ( )2
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = 0 , x s up = 3 ⇒ t s up = 1 .
Portanto
t ⋅ 2t ⋅ dt 2t ⋅ dt
3 1 1 1 1
x 12t t2
∫
0
6− x
⋅ dx = ∫ t ⋅
0 1+ t2 ( )2
⋅ dt = 12 ⋅ ∫
0 (1 + t )2 2
⋅ dt = 6 ⋅ ∫
0 (1 + t )2 2
= 6⋅ ∫t ⋅
0 (1 + t )
2 2
=
U = t , dU = dt ;
8
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
dV =
2t ⋅ dt
, V =∫
2t ⋅ dt
=∫
d (t 2 )
=∫
d (1 + t 2 )
=
(1 + t )
2 − 2 +1
=−
1
.
(1 + t )
2 2
(1 + t )
2 2
(1 + t )
2 2
(1 + t )
2 2 − 2 +1 1+ t2
Obtemos
t 1 1 dt 1 0 1
= 6 ⋅ − 2
+∫ = 6 ⋅ − − 2
+ (arctg t ) 0 =
1 + t 0 0 1 + t 1+1 1+ 0
2 2
1 π 3 ⋅ (π − 2)
= 6⋅− + = .
2 4 2
1
dx
Exercício 19. ∫e
0
x
+1
.
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = e 0 = 1 , x s up = 1 ⇒ t s up = e1 = e .
Portanto
1+ t − t 1+ t
1 e e e
dx dt t
∫0 e x + 1 = ∫1 (t + 1) ⋅ t = ∫1 (t + 1) ⋅ t ⋅ dt = ∫1 (t + 1) ⋅ t − (t + 1) ⋅ t ⋅ dt =
e
1 1
e e
⋅ d (t + 1) = (l n t ) − (l n t + 1 )
1 1 e e
= ∫ − ⋅ dt = ∫ ⋅ dt − ∫ =
1 t (t + 1) 1
t 1
t + 1 1 1
3
dx
Exercício 20. ∫
1 (1 + x 2 ) 3
.
9
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
π π
xi nf = 1 ⇒ t i nf = arctg (1) = , x s up = 3 ⇒ t s up = arctg ( 3 ) = .
4 3
Portanto
π dt π dt π dt π
c os t 3 c os 3t ⋅ dt
3 3
dx dx 3
cos 2 t 3
cos 2 t 3 2
∫ = ∫ = ∫ =∫ = ∫ =∫ =
1 (1 + x 2 ) 3 1 ( 1+ x ) 2
3
π
4
1
3
π 1
4
c os t
3
π
1 π
cos 3 t 4
cos 2 t
cos 2 t
4
π
π
π π 3− 2
3
= ∫ c os t ⋅ dt = (sent ) π3 = sen − sen =
3 2
− = .
π 3 3 4 2 2 2
4
1
−x
Exercício 21. ∫ xe
0
dx .
Fazemos:
U = x ⇒ dU = dx , dV = e − x dx ⇒ V = ∫ e − x dx = −e − x .
Portanto
dx = (x ⋅ (− e )) − ∫ (− e )dx = −(x ⋅ (e )) ( ( )) + (− e )
1 1 1
−x −x 1 −x −x 1 1 1
∫ xe + ∫ e − x dx = − x ⋅ e − x −x
=
0 0 0 0
0 0 0
= − x ⋅ e−x ( ( )) − (e ) 1
0
−x 1
0
( 1 1
) ( 2
= − 1 ⋅ e −1 − 0 ⋅ e 0 − e −1 − e 0 = − − + 1 = 1 − .
e e e
)
1
2
Exercício 22. ∫ arcsen x dx .
0
Fazemos:
′
U = arcsen x ⇒ dU = (arcsen x ) dx =
1
dx ,
1− x2
dV = dx ⇒ V = ∫ dx = x .
Portanto
1 1 1
2 1 2 1
1 2 d (x2 )
∫ arcsen x dx = (x ⋅ arcsen x ) dx = (x ⋅ arcsen x )
x
2 −∫ 2 − ⋅∫ =
1− x2 2 0 1− x2
0 0
0 0
1 1
1
1 d (− x )
2 2
1 d (1 − x 2 ) 1 2
= ( x ⋅ arcsen x ) + 2 ⋅∫ = ( x ⋅ arcsen x ) + ⋅ ∫ = 2
0
2 0 1− x2 2 0 1− x2 0
10
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
1
1 2
( )
1
1 1− x 2 − 2 +1
( )
1 2 1 1
= (x ⋅ arcsen x ) 02 + ⋅ d (1 − x 2 ) = ( x ⋅ arcsen x ) 02
1 −
⋅ ∫ 1− x2 2 + ⋅ =
2 0 2 1
− +1
2 0
1
1 1 π π
2 2
1 1
( )
1
= ⋅ arcsen − 0 ⋅ arcsen(0 ) + 1 − − 1 − 0 2
3 3
2 = ⋅ + −1 = + − 1.
2 2 2 2 6 4 12 2
π
3
x ⋅ dx
Exercício 23. ∫
π sen
2
x
.
4
Fazemos:
dx dx
U = x ⇒ dU = dx , dV = ⇒ V =∫ = − ctg x .
sen 2 x sen 2 x
Portanto
π π π
π π
3
x ⋅ dx 3 3
∫π sen 2 x = (− x ⋅ ctg x ) 3
π − ∫ ( − ctg x ) ⋅ dx = (− x ⋅ ctg x ) 3
π + ∫
cos x
⋅ dx =
4 π 4 π sen x
4 4 4
π
π π π
= − ( x ⋅ ctg x ) π3 + (l n senx )π
3
= − ( x ⋅ ctg x ) π3 + ∫
d ( sen x) 3
=
4 π sen x 4 4
4
π π π π π π π (9 − 4 3 ) 1 3
= − ⋅ ctg − ⋅ ctg + l n sen − l n sen =
+ ⋅ ln .
3 3 4 4 3 4 36 2 2
∫x ⋅ senx ⋅ dx .
3
Exercício 24.
0
Fazemos:
U = x3 ⇒ dU = 3 x 2 dx , dV = sen x dx ⇒ V = ∫ sen x dx = − c os x .
Portanto
π π
⋅ senx ⋅ dx = (− x ⋅ cos x ) − ∫ 3x 2 ⋅ (−c os x) ⋅ dx = (− π 3 ⋅ cos π + −0 3 ⋅ cos 0 ) +
π
∫x
3 3
0
0 0
π π
+ 3 ⋅ ∫ x ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx = π + 3 ⋅ ∫ x 2 ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx =
2 3
0 0
11
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
π
(
= π + 3 ⋅ x 2 ⋅ senx
3
) π
0
− ∫ 2 x ⋅ sen x ⋅ dx =
0
π π
= π 3 + 3 ⋅ (π 2 ⋅ sen(π ) − 0 2 ⋅ sen(0) ) − 6 ⋅ ∫ x ⋅ sen x ⋅ dx = π 3 − 6 ⋅ ∫ x ⋅ sen x ⋅ dx =
0 0
Mais uma vez integramos por partes:
U = x ⇒ dU = dx , dV = sen x dx ⇒ V = ∫ sen x dx = − c os x .
Portanto obtemos:
π
( ) π
= π − 6 ⋅ − x ⋅ c os x 0 − ∫ (−c os x) ⋅ dx =
3
0
π
= π + 6 ⋅ (π ⋅ c os (π ) − 0 ⋅ c os (0) ) − 6 ⋅ ∫ cos x ⋅ dx =
3
π
2
∫e ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx .
2x
Exercício 25.
0
Fazemos:
π π
π
2⋅ π 2 2
= e 2 ⋅ sen − e 2⋅0 ⋅ sen (0) − 2 ⋅ ∫ e 2 x ⋅ sen x ⋅ dx = e π − 2 ⋅ ∫ e 2 x ⋅ sen x ⋅ dx =
2 0 0
12
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
Na continuação temos:
π
π
( )
2
π
= e − 2 ⋅ − e 2 x ⋅ c os x 2 − ∫ 2 ⋅ e ⋅ (− c os x) ⋅ dx =
2x
0
0
π π
π
( )
2 2
π π
= e + 2 ⋅ e 2 x ⋅ cos x 2 − ∫ 2 ⋅ e ⋅ c os x ⋅ dx = e − 2 − 4 ⋅ ∫ e 2 x ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx .
2x
0
0 0
Portanto obtemos:
π π
2 2
π
∫ e ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx = e − 2 − 4 ⋅ ∫ e ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx .
2x 2x
0 0
π π
2 2
eπ − 2
5 ⋅ ∫ e 2 x ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx = e π − 2 e ∫ e ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx =
2x
.
0 0
5
e
Exercício 26. ∫ sen (l nx) dx .
1
Fazemos:
′
U = sen (l nx) ⇒ dU = (sen (l nx) ) ⋅ dx = c os (l nx) ⋅ ⋅ dx ,
1
x
dV = dx ⇒ V = ∫ dx = x .
Portanto
e e
e e
= (e ⋅ sen (l n(e)) − 1 ⋅ sen (l n(1)) ) − ∫ c os (l nx) ⋅ dx = e ⋅ sen(1) − ∫ cos (l nx) ⋅ dx =
1 1
′
U = c os (l nx) ⇒ dU = (cos (l nx) ) ⋅ dx = − sen (l nx) ⋅ ⋅ dx ,
1
x
dV = dx ⇒ V = ∫ dx = x .
13
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
Na continuação temos:
e
= e ⋅ sen(1) − ( x ⋅ cos (l nx) ) 1 − ∫ (− sen (l nx)) ⋅ dx =
e
1
e
= e ⋅ sen(1) − (e ⋅ c os (l n(e)) − 1 ⋅ cos (l n(1)) ) − ∫ sen (l nx) ⋅ dx =
1
e
= e ⋅ sen(1) − e ⋅ cos (1) + 1 − ∫ sen (l nx) ⋅ dx .
1
Portanto obtemos:
e e
∫
1
sen (l nx) ⋅ dx = e ⋅ sen(1) − e ⋅ cos (1) + 1 − ∫ sen (l nx) ⋅ dx .
1
e ⋅ sen(1) − e ⋅ c os (1) + 1
e e
2 ⋅ ∫ sen (l nx) ⋅ dx = e ⋅ sen(1) − e ⋅ cos (1) + 1 e ∫ sen (l nx) ⋅ dx = .
1 1
2
1
arcsen x
Exercício 27. ∫
0 1+ x
⋅ dx .
Fazemos:
′
U = arcsen x ⇒ dU = (arcsen x ) ⋅ dx =
1
⋅ dx ,
1− x2
(1 + x) 2
1
− +1
⋅ dx = ∫ (1 + x ) ⋅ d (1 + x) =
1 1 −
1
dV = ⋅ dx ⇒ V = ∫ 2 = 2 1+ x .
1+ x 1+ x 1
− +1
2
Portanto
( ) − ∫2
1 1
arcsen x 1 1
∫
0 1+ x
⋅ dx = 2 1 + x ⋅ arcsen x
0
0
1+ x ⋅
1− x2
⋅ dx =
( )
1
1
= 2 1 + 1 ⋅ arcsen (1) − 2 1 + 0 ⋅ arcsen (0) − ∫ 2 1 + x ⋅ ⋅ dx =
0 1− x ⋅ 1+ x
1
1
π 1
1
1
1 (1 − x)
− +1
2
=2 2⋅ − 2⋅∫ ⋅ dx = 2π + 2 ⋅ ∫ ⋅ d (1 − x) = 2π + 2 ⋅ =
2 1− x 1− x − 1 +1
0 0
2 0
1
1
1 1
= 2π + 4 ⋅ (1 − x) 2
= 2π + 4 ⋅ (1 − 1) 2
− (1 − 0) 2 = 2π − 4 .
0
14
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
1
Exercício 28. ∫ arctg
0
x ⋅ dx .
Fazemos:
U = arctg x
′
(
⇒ dU = arctg x ⋅ dx = ) 1
⋅ ( x )′ ⋅ dx = dx
( x)
,
2 x ⋅ (1 + x)
2
1+
dV = dx ⇒ V = x .
Portanto
( ) − ∫x⋅ 2
1 1
1 1
∫ arctg
0
x ⋅ dx = x ⋅ arctg x
0
0 x ⋅ (1 + x)
⋅ dx =
( ) π 1 1 1
1 x x
= 1 ⋅ arctg 1 − 0 ⋅ arctg 0 − ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dx = − ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dx =
2 0 1+ x 4 2 0 1+ x
Fazemos a substituição
x = t ⇒ x = t2 ⇒ dx = 2t dt ;
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = 0 = 0 , x s up = 1 ⇒ t s up = 1 = 1 .
Na continuação temos:
π 1
1
t π t2
1
π 1+ t 2 −1
1
⋅∫
4 ∫0 1 + t 2 4 ∫0 1 + t 2
= − ⋅ 2t ⋅ dt = − ⋅ dt = − ⋅ dt =
4 2 0 1+ t2
π 1
1+ t 2 1 π 1 1 π 1 1
1
= − ∫ − ⋅ dt = − ∫ 1 − ⋅ dt = − ∫ dt + ∫ ⋅ dt =
4 0 1+ t 2
1+ t2 4 0 1+ t
2
4 0 0 1+ t
2
π π π
= − (t ) 0 + (arctg t ) 0 = − (1 − 0) + (arctg (1) − arctg (0) ) = −1.
1 1
4 4 2
∫ x ⋅ l n (1 + x ) ⋅ dx .
2
Exercício 29.
0
Fazemos:
′ ′ 2 x ⋅ dx
(
U = l n (1 + x 2 ) ⇒ dU = l n (1 + x 2 ) ⋅ dx = ) 1
(
⋅ 1 + x 2 ⋅ dx =) ,
1+ x 2
1+ x2
x2
dV = x dx ⇒ V = .
2
Portanto
15
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
1
1
x2 2
1
x3
∫0 ⋅ + ⋅ = ⋅ + − ∫ ⋅ dx =
2
x l n (1 x ) dx 2 l n (1 x )
0 0 1 + x 2
12 02 1 x + x3 − x
= ⋅ l n (1 + 12 ) − ⋅ l n (1 + 0 2 ) − ∫ ⋅ dx =
0 1+ x
2
2 2
1 1 1
1 x 1 x
= ⋅ l n (2) − ∫ x − 2
⋅ dx = ⋅ l n (2) − ∫ x ⋅ dx + ∫ ⋅ dx =
2 0 1+ x 2 0 0 1+ x
2
1
1 d (1 + x 2 ) 1
x2
( )
1
1 1 1 1
= ⋅ l n (2) − + ⋅ ∫ = ⋅ l n (2) − + ⋅ l n (1 + x 2 ) =
0 2 0 1+ x
2
2 2 2 2 2 0
=
1
2
1 1
( ) 1
⋅ l n (2) − + ⋅ l n (1 + 12 ) − l n (1 + 0 2 ) = l n (2) − .
2 2 2
1
Exercício 30. ∫ l n (1 + x) ⋅ dx .
0
Fazemos:
′
U = l n (1 + x) ⇒ dU = (l n (1 + x) ) ⋅ dx =
1
⋅ dx ,
1+ x
dV = dx ⇒ V = x .
Portanto
1+ x −1
1 1 1
∫ l n (1 + x) ⋅ dx = (x ⋅ l n (1 + x) ) ⋅ dx = (1 ⋅ l n (1 + 1) − 0 ⋅ l n (1 + 0) ) − ∫
x
−∫ ⋅ dx =
1
0
0
0
1+ x 0 1+ x
2
1 1 1
1 1
= l n (2) − ∫ 1 − ⋅ dx = l n (2) − ∫ dx + ∫ ⋅ d (1 + x) =
0
1+ x 0 0
1+ x
1 1
⋅ d (1 + x) = l n (2) − ( x ) 0 + (l n (1 + x) ) 0 =
1
= l n (2) − ∫ dx + ∫
1 1
0 0
1+ x
= l n (2) − (1 − 0) + (l n (1 + 1) − l n (1 + 0) ) = 2 ⋅ l n (2) − 1 .
16
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
d) Calcular os integrais.
π
2
x + sen x
Exercício 31. ∫
π 1 + c os x
⋅ dx .
6
x
Fazemos a substituição tg = t . Então temos:
2
2t 1− t2
senx = , c os x = .
1+ t2 1+ t2
x x 2 ⋅ dt
tg = t ⇒ = arctg t ⇒ x = 2 ⋅ arctg t ⇒ dx = .
2 2 1+ t2
π π π π
xi nf = ⇒ t i nf = tg , x s up = ⇒ t s up = tg = 1 .
6 12 2 4
Portanto
π 2t 2t
2 ⋅ arctg t + 2 ⋅ arctg t +
x + sen x 1 + t ⋅ 2 ⋅ dt = 1 + t 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ dt =
2 1 2 1
∫
π 1 + c os x
⋅ dx = ∫
1− t2 1+ t2 ∫ 1+ t2 +1− t2 1+ t2
π
tg 1+ π
tg
6 12 1+ t 2 12 1+ t2
2t
2 ⋅ arctg t +
1 + t 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ dt =
1 1
2t
= ∫
π
2 1+ t 2 ∫
π
2 ⋅ arctg t + ⋅ dt =
1+ t2
tg tg
12 1+ t2 12
1 1
t
= 2⋅ ∫πarctg t ⋅ dt + 2 ⋅ ∫π
1+ t2
⋅ dt =
tg tg
12 12
1
U = arctg t ⇒ dU = ⋅ dt ; dV = dt ⇒ V = t .
1+ t2
Na continuação temos:
17
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
1
1
t 1
t
= 2 ⋅ t ⋅ arctg (t ) − ∫ ⋅ dt + 2 ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dt =
tg π tg π 1 + t 1+ t2
2
π
tg
12 12 12
π π
1 1
t t
= 2 ⋅ 1 ⋅ arctg (1) − tg ⋅ arctg tg − 2 ⋅ ∫
⋅ dt + 2 ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dt =
12 12 π
1+ t 2
π
1+ t2
tg tg
12 12
π π π π π π
= 2 ⋅ − ⋅ tg = − ⋅ tg .
4 12 12 2 6 12
π
2
∫ sen x ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx .
3
Exercício 32.
0
1o método :
π π π
∫ (1 − cos x )⋅
2 2 2
0 0 0
π π π
= − ∫ (1 − cos x ) ⋅
2 2 2
cos x ⋅ d (cos x) = − ∫ (c osx ) ⋅ d (cos x) + ∫ (c osx ) 2 ⋅ d (cos x) =
1 5
2
2
0 0 0
π π
2
2
π π
(c osx ) 12 +1 (cosx ) 52 +1 2 2
= − ⋅ (c osx ) 2 + ⋅ (cosx ) 2
3 2 7 2
= − + =
1 +1 5 +1 3 7
0 0
2 0 2 0
3
7
2 π
3 π
2 7
= − ⋅ cos − (cos (0 )) 2 + ⋅ c os − (c os (0 )) 2 = − = .
2 2 2 2 8
3 2 7 2 3 7 21
2o método :
18
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
π π
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = c os (0) = 1 , x s up = ⇒ t s up = c os = 0
2 2
Portanto
π π π
( )
2 2 2
∫ sen x ⋅ cos x ⋅ dx = ∫ sen x ⋅ cos x ⋅ sen x ⋅ dx = ∫ 1 − cos x ⋅ cos x ⋅ (−d (cos x)) =
3 2 2
0 0 0
1
( ) ( )
0 1 1 5
= − ∫ 1 − t 2 ⋅ t ⋅ d t = ∫ 1 − t 2 ⋅ t ⋅ d t = ∫ t 2 − t 2 ⋅ d t =
1 0 0
1 1
1 +1 5 +1
1 1 1 5 t2 2 2
3
1
2
7
1
2 2 8
= ∫t 2 ⋅ d t − ∫t 2 ⋅ d t = − t = ⋅ t 2 − ⋅ t 2 = − = .
1 +1 5 + 1 3 7 3 7 21
0 0
0 0
2 0 2 0
∫ (x − 2 x) ⋅ l n x ⋅ dx .
3
Exercício 33.
1
Integramos por partes. Fazemos:
′
U = l n x ⇒ dU = (l n x ) ⋅ dx = ⋅ dx ,
1
x
x4
dV = ( x 3 − 2 x) ⋅ dx ⇒ V = ∫ ( x 3 − 2 x) ⋅ dx ⇒ V = − x2 .
4
Portanto
2
2
x4 2
2
x4 2 1
∫1 ( x − 2 x) ⋅ l n x ⋅ dx = 4 − x ⋅ l n x − ∫1 4 − x ⋅ x ⋅ dx =
3
1
24 2 14 2
2 x3 2
x3
= − 2 ⋅ l n 2 − − 1 ⋅ l n 1 − ∫ − x ⋅ dx = − ∫ − x ⋅ dx =
4 4 1 4 1
4
2 2
2
x3
2
x4 x2 2 4 14 2 2 12 15 3 9
= − ∫ ⋅ dx + ∫ x ⋅ dx = − + = − − + − = − + = .
1
4 1 16 1 2 1 16 16 2 2 16 2 16
19
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
4 2− x − 2+ x
2
Exercício 34. ∫(
0 )
2 + x + 4 2 − x ⋅ ( x + 2) 2
⋅ dx .
2−x
Transformamos a função integranda de modo a obter expressões de forma .
2+ x
2− x
4⋅
−1
4 2−x − 2+ x
2 2
2+ x
∫( )
2 + x + 4 2 − x ⋅ ( x + 2) 2
⋅ dx = ∫
0 2−x
⋅ dx = (∗)
0
1 + 4 ⋅ ⋅ ( x + 2) 2
2 + x
2−x
Fazemos a substituição = t2.
2+ x
Então
2−x
= t2 ⇒ 2 − x = t 2 ⋅ (2 + x) ⇒ 2 − x = 2 ⋅ t 2 + t 2 ⋅ x ⇒ 2 − 2 ⋅ t 2 = x ⋅ (t 2 + 1) ⇒
2+ x
2 − 2 ⋅ t 2 4 − 2 − 2 ⋅ t 2 4 − (2 + 2 ⋅ t 2 ) 4 (2 + 2 ⋅ t 2 ) 4
x= = = = − = 2 −2.
t +1
2
t +1
2
t +1
2
t +1
2
t +1
2
t +1
Portanto
4 4 8t
dx = d 2 − 2 = d 2 =− 2 ⋅ dt .
t +1 t + 1 t +1 ( ) 2
2−0 2−2
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = = 1, x s up = 2 ⇒ t s up = = 0.
2+0 2+2
Na continuação temos:
0
4 ⋅ t −1 8t 0 (4 ⋅ t − 1) ⋅ 8t
(∗) = ∫ ⋅ − ⋅ dt = ∫ ⋅ dt =
1
2
(1 + 4 ⋅ t ) ⋅ 2 4 − 2 + 2 t + 1
2
( ) 2 1 16 ⋅ (1 + 4 ⋅ t )
t +1
(4 ⋅ t − 1) ⋅ 8t 1 4⋅t2 − t
0 1
=∫ ⋅ dt = − ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dt =
1
16 ⋅ (1 + 4 ⋅ t ) 2 0 4⋅t +1
20
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= − ⋅ ∫ t ⋅ dt + ⋅ ∫ dt + ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dt = − ⋅ ∫ t ⋅ dt + ⋅ ∫ dt + ⋅ ∫ ⋅ d (4t + 1) =
2 0 4 0 4 0 4⋅t +1 2 0 4 0 16 0 4 ⋅ t + 1
1 1
1 t2 1
1
1
= − ⋅ + ⋅ t + ⋅ l n 4 ⋅ t + 1
=
2 2 0 4 0 16 0
1 12 0 2 1
+ ⋅ (1 − 0) + ⋅ l n 4 ⋅ 1 + 1 − l n 4 ⋅ 0 + 1 = − + +
1 1 1 ln5 ln5
= − ⋅ − = .
2 2 2 4 16 4 4 16 16
{
A = ( x, y ) ∈ R 2 : y ≤ 2 − x 2 ∧ y ≥ x . }
A região é limitada pelo gráfico da parábola y = 2 − x 2 orientada em baixo e
pela recta y = x . O esboço da região é apresentado na figura 1.
Os limites de variação (integração) da variável x é o segmento que é a
projecção da região sobre o eixo O x . Portanto para determinar os limites de integração
determinamos as abcissas dos pontos de intersecção da parábola y = 2 − x 2 com a recta
y = x:
y = x ∧ y = 2 − x2 ⇒ x = 2 − x2 ⇒ x2 + x − 2 = 0 ⇒
−1± 9 −1± 3
x= = ⇒ x = −2 ∨ x = 1 .
2 2
21
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
∫ (2 − x )
1 1 1 1
x3 x2
SA = − x dx = ∫ 2 dx − ∫ x dx − ∫ x dx = (2 x) − − =
1
2 2
−2
−2 −2 −2 −2 3 −2 2 −2
1 (−2)
3 3
1 2
(−2) 2
9 3 9
= (2 ⋅ 1 − 2 ⋅ (−2)) − − − − = 6 − + = .
3 3 2 2 3 2 2
{
A = ( x, y ) ∈ R 2 : y 2 ≥ 2 x + 4 ∧ y ≥ x − 2 . }
A região é limitada pelo gráfico da parábola y 2 = 2 x + 4 orientada no sentido
positivo do eixo O x e pela recta y = x − 2 . O esboço da região é apresentado na
figura 2.
Porque
1 2
y 2 = 2x + 4 ⇔ x= y − 2 concluímos que o vértice B da parábola tem as
2
coordenadas ( − 2 , 0 ) e a parábola intersecta o eixo O y nos pontos C = ( 0 , − 2 ) e
D = ( 0 , 2 ).
Determinamos as coordenadas dos pontos de intersecção da parábola
y = 2 x + 4 com a recta y = x − 2 :
2
y 2 = 2 x + 4 ∧ y = x − 2 ⇒ ( x − 2) 2 = 2 x + 4 ⇒ x 2 − 4 x + 4 = 2 x + 4 ⇒
22
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
x 2 − 6x = 0 ⇒ x = 0 ∨ x = 6 .
Calculemos a área da região.
1o método
∫( ( ))
0 0 0
S ( BCD ) = 2 x + 4 − − 2 x + 4 dx = ∫ 2 ⋅ 2 x + 4 dx = ∫ 2 x + 4 d ( 2 x + 4) =
−2 −2 −2
0
1
0 1 (2 x + 4) 2 +1 2
3
0
2
3
2 16
= ∫ ( 2 x + 4) 2 d ( 2 x + 4) = = ⋅ (2 x + 4) 2
= ⋅ 42 = ⋅ 4 4 = .
−2 1
+ 1
3 3 3 3
−2
2 −2
( ) ( )
6 6 6 6 6
S ( CDE ) = ∫ 2 x + 4 − ( x − 2) dx = ∫ 2 x + 4 − x + 2 dx = ∫ 2 x + 4 dx − ∫ x dx + 2 ∫ dx =
0 0 0 0 0
6
1
1 (2 x + 4)
+1 6
6 1 6 6 2 x2
− + 2 ⋅ ( x ) 0 =
1
= ⋅ ∫ (2 x + 4) d (2 x + 4) − ∫ x dx + 2 ∫ dx = ⋅
2 6
2 1
+ 1 2 0
2 0 0 0
2 0
6 6
1 x2 1 62 02
3 3 3
= ⋅ (2 x + 4) 2 − + 2 ⋅ ( x ) 0 = ⋅ (2 ⋅ 6 + 4) 2 − (2 ⋅ 0 + 4) 2 − − + 2 ⋅ (6 − 0) =
6
3 0 2 0 3 2 2
⋅ (64 − 8) − 18 + 12 =
1 56 38
= −6 = .
3 3 3
Portanto
16 38 54
S A = S ( BCD ) + S (CDE ) = + = = 18 .
3 3 3
2o método
23
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
4 4 4 4
1 1 1
S A = ∫ y + 2 − y 2 + 2 dy = ∫ 4 + y − y 2 dy = ∫ (4 + y ) d (4 + y ) − ⋅ ∫ y 2 dy =
− 2 − 2
2 2 −2
2 −2
4 4
(4 + y) 2 1 y3 82 2 2 1 4 3 (−2) 3
= − ⋅ = − − ⋅ − = 30 − 12 = 18 .
2 −2
2 3 −2 2 2 2 3 3
{
A = ( x, y ) ∈ R 2 : x 2 + ( y − 1) 2 ≥ 1 ∧ x 2 + ( y − 2) 2 ≤ 4 ∧ y ≥ x 2 . }
y = x2 y = x2
∨ ⇔ ( x, y ) = (0, 0) ∨ ( x, y ) = (−1, 1) ∨ ( x, y ) = (1, 1) .
y =0 y =1
24
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
y = x2 y = x2 y = x2 y = x2
⇔ ⇔ ⇔ ⇔
x + ( y − 2) = 4
2 2 y + y − 4y + 4 = 4
2 y − 3y = 0
2 y = 0 ∨ y = 3
y = x2 y = x2
∨ ⇔ ( x, y ) = (0, 0) ∨ ( x, y ) = (− 3 , 3) ∨ ( x, y ) = ( 3 , 3) .
y =0 y=3
( ) ∫ (2 + )
1 3
= ∫ 1 + 4 − x − 1 − x dx + 2 2
4 − x 2 − x 2 dx =
0 1
1 1 1 3 3 3
= ∫ d x + ∫ 4 − x dx − ∫ 1 − x dx + 2 ∫ d x +
2 2
∫ 4 − x dx − ∫ x 2 dx =
2
0 0 0 1 1 1
1 3 1 3 3
= ∫d x+ ∫ 4 − x 2 dx − ∫ 1 − x 2 dx + 2 ∫ d x − ∫ x 2 dx =
0 0 0 1 1
3
3 1
x3
∫ 4 − x dx − ∫ 1 − x dx + 2 ⋅ ( x) 1
1 3
= ( x) 0 + 2 2
− =
0 0 3 1
3 1
1
= 1+ ∫
0
4 − x 2 dx − ∫ 1 − x 2 dx + 2 3 − 2 − 3 +
0
3
=
3 1 3 2 1
2 2 x
= 3− + ∫ 4 − x dx − ∫ 1 − x dx = 3 − + 2 ⋅ ∫ 1 − dx − ∫ 1 − x 2 dx = (∗)
2 2
3 0 0
3 0 2 0
25
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
Então
2
x
d x = 2 ⋅ c os t ⋅ d t e
1 − = 1 − sen 2 t = cos 2 t = cos t
2
Determinamos os limites de integração para a variável t :
xi nf
xi nf = 0 ⇒ t i nf = arcsen = arcsen (0) = 0 ,
2
x s up 3 π
x s up = 3 ⇒ t s up = arcsen = arcsen
2 2 = 3.
Então
d x = c os u ⋅ d u e 1 − x 2 = 1 − sen 2 u = cos 2 u = c os u
π π
3 2
2
(∗) = 3 − + 2 ⋅ ∫ 2 ⋅ cos t ⋅ dt − ∫ cos 2 u du =
2
3 0 0
1 + c os ( 2α ) 1 cos (2α )
Como cos 2α = = + temos:
2 2 2
π π
1 c os(2 u )
3 2
2
= 3− + 2 ⋅ ∫ (1 + c os(2t ) ) ⋅ dt − ∫ + du =
0
3 0
2 2
π π π π
3 3
2 1 2 1 2
= 3 − + 2 ⋅ ∫ d t + ∫ cos(2t ) ⋅ d (2 t ) − ⋅ ∫ du − ⋅ ∫ c os(2 u ) ⋅ d (2 u ) =
3 0 0
2 0 4 0
π π π π
1
= 3 − + 2 ⋅ t − ⋅ u
2 3 3 1 2 2
+ sen (2t ) − ⋅ sen (2 u ) =
3 0 0
2 0 4 0
π 2π 1 π 1
− sen (0) − ⋅ − 0 − ⋅ (sen (π ) − sen (0) ) =
2
= 3− + 2 ⋅ − 0 + sen
3 3 3 2 2 4
26
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
2 π 3 π 9 3 − 4 5π
= 3− + 2⋅ + − = + .
3 3 2 4 6 12
Portanto
9 3 − 4 5π 9 3 − 4 5π
S A = 2 S = 2 ⋅ + =
+ .
6 12 3 6
1
Temos: a = 2 2 , b = 2 6 , f ′( x) = .
x
Portanto
x2 +1 x2 +1
2 6 2 2 6 2 6
1
l= ∫ 1 + ⋅ dx = ∫
x x2
⋅ dx = ∫
x
⋅ dx = (∗)
2 2 2 2 2 2
Fazemos x2 +1 = t ⇒ x2 +1 = t 2 ⇒ x2 = t 2 −1 ⇒ x = t 2 −1 .
dx= ( ) ′
t 2 − 1 ⋅ dt =
t
t −1
2
⋅ dt .
xi nf = 2 2 ⇒ t i nf = (x )i nf
2
+1 = (2 2 ) 2
+1 = 9 = 3,
x s up = 2 6 ⇒ t s up = (x ) s up
2
+1 = (2 6 ) 2
+ 1 = 25 = 5 .
Na continuação temos:
t −1+1 t 2 −1 1
5 5 5 2 5
t t t2
(∗) = ∫ ⋅ ⋅ dt = ∫ ⋅ dt = ∫ ⋅ dt = ∫ 2 + 2 ⋅ dt =
3 t 2 −1 t 2 −1 3 t −1
2
3 t −1
2
3 t −1 t − 1
5 5 5
1 1
= ∫ 1 + 2 ⋅ dt = ∫ dt + ∫ 2 ⋅ dt =
3 t −1 3 3 t −1
Representamos a fracção racional como soma de fracções elementares:
27
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
1
1 A B A + B = 0 A = ,
= + ⇒ 1 = ( A + B) ⋅ t + ( A − B) ⇒ ⇒ 2
t 2 −1 t −1 t +1 A− B =1 1
B = − .
2
Então:
1 1
5 5 5
1
5
1 1
5
1
= ∫ dt + ∫ 2 − 2 ⋅ dt = ∫ dt + ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dt − ⋅ ∫ ⋅ dt =
3
t −1 t −1 2 3 t −1 2 3 t +1
3
3
5 5 5
1 1
= t + ⋅ l n (t − 1) − ⋅ l n (t + 1) =
3 2 3 2 3
1 1
= (5 − 3) + ⋅ l n (5 − 1) − l n (3 − 1) − ⋅ l n (5 + 1) − l n (3 + 1) =
2 2
1 1 1 16 2
= 2+ ⋅ l n (4) − l n (2) − l n (6)+ l n (4) = 2 + ⋅ l n (16)− l n (12) = 2 + ⋅ l n = 2 + l n .
2 2 2 12 3
′
π sen x
Temos: a = 0 , b = , f ′( x) = l n (cos x) = − .
6 c os x
Portanto
π π π π
2
6
sen x 6
sen x 2
cos x + sen x
6 2 6 2
1
l= ∫
0
1 + − ⋅ dx = ∫ 1 +
cos x 0 c os 2
x
⋅ dx = ∫
0 c os 2
x
⋅ dx = ∫
0
c os x
⋅ dx = (∗)
x 2 1− t2
Fazemos tg = t ⇒ x = 2 ⋅ arctg (t ) ⇒ dx = ⋅ d t . c os x = .
2 1+ t2 1+ t2
28
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
xi nf
xi nf = ⇒ t i nf = tg = tg (0) = 0 ,
2
π x s up π
x s up = ⇒ t s up = tg = tg .
6 2 12
Na continuação temos:
π π
tg tg
12 12
1 2 2
(∗) =
0 1 − ∫
t 2
⋅
1 + t 2
⋅ dt = ∫
0 1 − t 2
⋅ dt =
1+ t2
Representamos a fracção racional como soma de fracções elementares:
2 A B A − B = 0 A = 1,
= + ⇒ 2 = ( A − B) ⋅ t + ( A + B ) ⇒ ⇒
1− t 1− t 1+ t A + B = 2 B = 1.
2
Então:
π π π
tg tg tg
12 12 12
1 1 1 1
= ∫
0
+ ⋅ dt =
1− t 1+ t
∫
0
1− t
⋅ dt + ∫
0
1+ t
⋅ dt =
π π π π
tg tg tg tg
12 12
1 1 12 12
=− ∫
0
1− t
⋅ d (1 − t ) + ∫
0
1+ t
⋅ d (1 + )t = − l n 1 − t
+ l n 1 + t
=
0 0
π π
+ l n 1 + tg − l n 1 + 0
= − l n 1 − tg − l n 1 − 0
=
12 12
π π π
1 + tg cos + sen
π π 12 = l n 12 12 =
= l n 1 + tg − l n 1 − tg = l n
12 12 π π π
1 − tg c os − sen
12 12 12
c os π + sen π ⋅ cos π − sen π
12
12 12
12
= ln 2 =
π π
cos 12 − sen 12
π π π 3
c os 2 − sen 2 cos
= ln 12 12 = ln 6
= ln 2 = ln 3 .
π π π π π 1
c os − 2 ⋅ c os ⋅ sen + sen 1 − sen 1−
2 2
12 12 12 12 6 2
29
Matemática 1 Anatolie Sochirca ACM DEETC ISEL
a
′
′
4 3 3 3
1
Temos: a = 0 , b = , f ′( x) = x = x 2 = ⋅ x 2 .
3 2
Portanto
4 4 4
2 1
3
3 12 3
9 4 3 9 2 9
l=∫
1 + ⋅ x ⋅ dx = ∫ 1 + x ⋅ dx = ⋅ ∫ 1 + x ⋅ d 1 + x =
0 2 0
4 9 0 4 4
4
1
+1 3
9 2 4
1 + x 3
3 3
4 4 3
4 2 9 2 8 9 4 2 9 2 56
= ⋅ = ⋅ ⋅ 1 + x = ⋅ 1 + ⋅ − 1 + ⋅ 0 = .
9 1 9 3 4 27 4 3 4 27
+1
2 0
0
1
Temos: a = 0 , b = ,
2
′ ′ ′
−x 1
′
f ( x) = 1 − x + arcsen x = 1 − x
2 2 + arcsen x = + =
1− x 2
1− x2
−x 1 1− x 1− x 1− x 1− x 1− x
= + = = = = = .
1− x 2
1− x 2
1− x 2
(1 − x) ⋅ (1 + x) 1− x ⋅ 1+ x 1+ x 1+ x
Portanto
1 1 1 1
2
2
1− x 1− x 1+ x +1− x
2
2 2 2
l = ∫ 1 + ⋅ dx = ∫ 1 +
⋅ dx = ∫ ⋅ dx = ∫ ⋅ dx =
0 1+ x 0
1+ x 0
1+ x 0
1+ x
1
1 1 1 2
2
1 2 −
1 (1 + x) 2 3
= 2⋅∫ ⋅ dx = 2 ⋅ ∫ (1 + x) 2
⋅ d (1 + x) = 2 ⋅ = 2 2 ⋅ − 1 = 2( 3 − 2 ) .
1+ x 1 2
0 0
2 0
30