1

5.

1.

1
2.
7

,
.

,
,
,
, ,
-
, [1, 2].
, , , ,
- . , ,
, ,
.
, ,
.

.

,
, - .

.
,
:
(, ),
. ()
, , , .,
, , ,
.
1.

, .4.
.
.
[3].
(
1- )
[4]:

(2n 1) 2 x
(2n 1) + 2 x
C ( x, t )
n +1
H
H =
= ( 1) erfc
+ erfc

C0
2 u
2 u
n =1

(2m + 1) x
4
1
= 1
exp (2m + 1)2 2 u Sin
m =0 2m + 1
H

u =

(1)

Dt
, D - , t - , 0 -
H2

, - .
, - .
:

x
C (x, t ) = C0 1 erf

2 Dt

(2)

.1, D - .1.

1.
)
) : D = Doexp(C)
, t= 0,09 (1), 0,5 (2), 1,0 (3), 2 (4), 3 (5), 5 (6) .

, [5]:

C ( x, t )
+ exp[ ( + )t ]
(3)
= 1 f (x )
C0
+
=0
f ( x ) =

( 1)m
(2m + 1)x ; = 2 D(2m + 1)2 .
Cos

m =0 2m + 1
H
H2

x
1
x
C ( x, t ) 1


= exp x
t + exp x
erfc
erfc
C0

erfc = 1 erfcz = 1

e
0

y2

2 Dt

+ t
2 Dt

(4)

dy .

(4) ,
:

C ( x ) = C0 exp x
D

(5)

, .1,
: , . ,
(

,
"". ,
.
,
[6, 8].

- [9].
,
i :
D (Ci ) =

1 dC
2t dx

Ci

xdC

(6)

Ci 0

dC
i:
dx

Ci

: x (C )dC . ,
0

[10]:
1) ,
.
. ,
, .
2) , ,
. ,
.
.2,
[3]. D(C), "" () ,
,- "" (
). "" , () D(C) ,
D() .
, . (.2) D.
3)
. , ,
-
. .3
,
- [3]. ,
.

2. ,
-.
I - , II -
, III - 3%
() - (), IV - D(C)
-.
3.
-

1 -
, 2 - , 3 -
.

,
1- :

I = C ( )K ( x )d

(7)

I , ( )
, (-)
, :

,
.
.7 .
( )
. , , ,
,
() (-). ,
(), (.4), .
,
.

4. , (
).
1 - , 2 - , 3 -
, 4 - , .

K
.9.

,
.

( ) .
, .
, .
, .
.
, . ,
( )
.
,
, (

6
) .
20 1.

:
( 1) I1.
(.5) , x2,
I2 I1 [11].
5.
[11].

I1=I2, :
erfy1 + erfcy2= 1
y1 =

x1
2 Dt

(8)

x
erfy 2 + erf 2 y 2 = 1 . (8) .
y2 =
x1
2 Dt

x2

, 1 t, :
1 x
D = 1
t 2 y1

(9)

,

. , ,
.
,
.
(
), , i- ( ).

,
.

[12,13].
.6
[14].
6.

1 - , 2 - , 3 - , 4 -
, 5 -
( )

,
.
81 , 133.
,
(.7) :
C (x, t ) =

x
exp

Dt
4 Dt
q

(10)

q , .

7
7. I, 2, 3
4 -

,
,
:
i (x, t ) =

x2

exp
2 Dt
4 Dt
const

(11)

t .
lni(x,t) 2,
, :
ln i (x, t ) = const1

x2
4 Dt

(12)

:
D=

1
tg
4t

(13)

.

.
I1, h (
=0), :

I = i ( x, t )exp[ ( x h )]dx

(14)

,
i(x,t)~C(x,t)
. :
dI
h2

+ Const
ln I + =
dh
4 Dt

(15)

h2,
. dI/dh
I = f(h).
. :
- I, - - dIn/dn.
, ;
(12 13).

2.

()
,
:
, ,
, . ,
,
.

8
.
.
:

I = e z 1 erf

( z )] = F = II

(16)

I - , z=2Dt, F=I2/I1 -
( F - , ).
F z (.8),
F , , t H, D.
8. F =f2 (2Dt)

[15].
- (I1)
(I2) .
:
I I
2 Dt
(17)
ln 1 2 = ln Const
2
I1 + I 2

nst - , .
ln

I1 I 2
t D:
I1 + I 2

H2

tg
(18)
2
- .
, ,
. ,
, .. ,
.

. , -
-239
, [16],
. -
53 . -
,
- (,
). 0,2 /2.
.
D=

.
I. ..// , - .-. -.
2. Crank J.,Park .S.//Diffusion in Polimers (London-N.Y.), cad.Press (I960) 3.
3. .., ..., ..// 25 2 (1983) 261.
4. Crank J.//The Mathematics Diffusion, London (1956).
5. Dankwerts P.V.//Trans.Farad.Soc., 46 4 (1950) 300.
6. Davies J.A., Brown P.//Mecargo M., Can.J.Phys.,41 (1963) 829.
7. Mayer Y.N., Ericson L., RicrauK S.J., Davies//J., Can.J.Phys., 46 (1968) 663.

9
8. .., .., .., ..// ,
:
9. .// , : .., 1 (1962) 293.
10. Dosdale ., Morris ..//Phyl. Mag., 42 (1980) 369.
11. Kuczynscki G.//J.Appl.Phys., 19 (1948) 308.
12. Nagasaki R., Kawagaki S.//J.Nucl.Mater., 19 (1966) 90
13. Kawagaki S.//J. Nucl. Sci . Technol,_4 (1967) 239
14. ..// , 86 (1952) 289.
15. .., ..// , 94, 1 (1954) 41, 1.
16. .., .., ..//B .: .
. III . 15-1 1977 () 67.