You are on page 1of 44

rwluGJNym;Ncif;ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;ygwD

rS
Nzef Y a 0aom

aZurmukrPD ESifh a&TeYHomv,form;rsm;


Nyem

aZurmukrPD ESifh a&TeYHomv,form;rsm;


Nyem
NzpfpOfonf Nzpf&yfreS Nf zpfygonf / NzpfpOftm; a&;om;wifNy&mwGif
rnfoUl tm; omaprnfoUl tm;emap [laom pdwcf pH m;rIukd z,fxw
k af &;om;&Ncif;rSm
tcuftcJq;kH NzpfaBumif; 0efcv
H ykd gonf / xdt
Yk Nyif pmzwfy&dwo
f wftaeNzifv
h nf;
tcspt
f rke;f ESihf A[kow
k rNynfph akH om ( arm[ ) wnf;[laom t*wd w&m;rsm;udk
z,f&mS ;ESv;kH oGi;f Ny;D zwf&yI g&ef arwm&yfcv
H ykd gonf / NzpfpOfukd atmufygtwdik ;f
tcef; (6) cef;cGJwifNyyg rnf tcef;(1) NzpfpOftusOf;
tcef;(2) ta&GU
tcef;(3) wnfqJOya'
tcef;(4) zGHUNzdK;rI ESifh xdcdkufcHpm;rI
tcef;(5) rnfodkUqHk;Nzwfrnfenf;
tcef;(6) acwfrrDvQifNyif&efvdk

tcef;(1) NzpfpOftusOf;
r*Fvm'HkNrdKUe,f ? a&TeHUomaus;&Gmtkyfpk ? aygif;ul a&TeHUom - Am;vm;
uGi;f ? uGi;f trSwf 531 ^ 533 pkpak ygi;f v,faNr{u 800 ausmf / OD;ydik t
f rnfayguf
awmifol 71 OD; / OD;ydkiftrnfayguf qdkonfrSm EdkifiHawmf tpdk;&xHrS 1963 ck ESpf
oD;pm;csxm;a&; Oya'ESifh tnD aNr&Sif EdkifiHawmfxHrS oD;pm;cHxm;aom^
oD;pm;cHxm;cGit
hf rnfayguaf om awmifol 71 OD; ? 53 OD;onf trsKd ;om;rsm;NzpfBuNy;D
18 OD;onf awmifol trsdK;orD;tdrfaxmifOD;pD;rsm;NzpfBuonf /
OD;ydkiftrnfayguf[lonfudk awmifolOD;a&[k em;vnfrI rvGJ&ef Nzpf
onf / awmifov
l ,form;rsm;onf om;qufNcm;Ncif;taBumif; A[kow
k odyrf &Sd
om;orD; tawmfrsm;rsm;arG;BuonfrSm "avh / odapcsifonfrSm 71 OD; aom
OD;pD;rsm;\ aemufuG,fwGif teD;pyfqHk; 10 a,mufcefY rSDcdkonf NzpfaBumif; /
xdk v,faNr{u 800 ausmo
f nf v,form;rdom;pk0if vlO;D a& 700
ausmf\ xrif;tdk; NzpfaBumif; a&S;OD;pGm odNrif&efvdkonf /

Zmwfvrf;tp um; - 2010 ck ESpf ESpfOD;ydkif; ( 4 ) v ydkif;uwnf;uNzpf


onf / aygi;f ul &.,.u &H;k rSm awmiforl sm;udk ac:,al qG;aEG;onf / acgi;f pOfrygaom
pmwGiv
f ufrw
S x
f ;kd &rnfu
h pd y g onf /
pmwGifacgif;pOftaBumif;t&mrygonfrSm wrifvkyfBuHrI [k apmvsifpGm
rqH k ; Nzwf a pcsif a o;yg / taNccH t qif h &.,.u rsm;\ pepf r usrI v nf ;
Nzpfaumif;NzpfEikd o
f nf /
aqG;aEG;aom taBumif;t&mrsm;uawmh xdak 'o v,f{u 800 ausmu
f kd
aZurm ukrPDu vTJaNymif;&,lrnf / pufrIZHkaxmifrnf / awmifolawGudk
avsmfaBuaiGay;rnf / wpf{u ig;aomif;usyf wpfodef;usyf ? wpfodef;cGJ poNzifh
wd;k wd;k vmonf / trSeu
f xdak e&mawG vdck siv
f Ukd w&m;r0if0,fvQif xdpk Ofu yifvQif
wpf{u ode;f ESpq
f ,f ^ oH;k q,f eD;yg;wefaeonf /
&vm'fum;

- acgif;pOfrygaom pmudk awmifolawG


vufrSwfrxdk;Bu
- olaX;qdo
k u
l kd ud,
k w
f ikd af wGUcsio
f nf[k
tqdkNyKvmonf /

aZurmukrP
D olaX; OD;cifa&T ESihf awmifoal wG awGU BuavNyD / ae&mum;
aZurm &Hk;cef; ,ck atmifr*Fvm ta0;aNy;0if; teD;&Sd tdrf,m olaX; OD;cifa&Tu aNymonf - ]]] EdkifiHawmfu odrf;vQif aomif;*Pef;
xuf y d k & rnf r [k w f uRef a wmf u cif A sm;wd k Y u d k ul n D o nf h o abmomNzpf
w,f }} / Oya'&Sdonf[kqdkonf / rSefvnf; rSefae onf / Oya'u &Sdaeonf
avsmfaBu;aiGonf aNrcGefawmf\ w,fq,fh ESpfq onf trsm;qHk; 1953
avmufuwnf; uowfrw
S x
f m;wmNzpfonf xdpk Of uwnf;u wcgrS rNyKNyifchJ /
aNrcGefuvnf; usyf*Pef;om&Sdonf / xdkpOfu 1953 Oya'xJrSm aemufwpf
ckygao;onf / v,f o d r f ; vd k U & onf yk * v d u tcG i f h t a&; ay:ayguf v d k Y a wmh
r& / aZurmukrPDudkay;vdkYr& / EdkifiHawmfvkyfief;omay:&rnf / 'gudk
awmh xJhraNymcJhwmawGU&onf /
aemufwpfckaNymao;onf ]] usaemf w d k U puf r I Z H k taumif t xnf
ray:rcsif; cifAsm;wdkY v,fpdkufaygh }} wJh / ]]EdkifiHawmftpdk;&udk toem;cHpm
wifvsif trdu
I yf ;kH xJoma&mufonf}} [kaNymao;onf /

aemufqHk;awmifolawG wpf{u oHk;odef; ESifh avsmfonfudk vufcH&ef


oabmwlonf / trSefu oabmrwl&Javmufatmif owdawmhr&Sd roum
odr;f oGm;rSNzifh tqH;k / vH;k vH;k r&Nzpfrnf /&wmav;,lcsiw
f muawmh tm;enf;ol
obm0 /
trSefawmh odef;oHk;q,f ay;vQifawmif ra&mif;csif ? ra&mif;&uf
aNrzufaornfh awmifolawGNzpfonf/ aNrudk toufvdkwefzdk;xm;onf /
wNcm;vnf;vkyu
f ikd rf pm; wwfBuolawG /
'Dvekd UJ ,lvu
kd o
f nf wpf{u oH;k ode;f usyf / olaX;oabmwlwt
hJ wdik ;f
v,fpdkufBuavonf / 'DBum;xJ EdkifiHawmf tqifhqifhudk toem;cHpmwifBu
onf /
rBumcP tppftaq;awG cH&onf / awmom;onf &H;k Nyifuem;udk
aBumufonf / xrif;td;k NzpfvUkd t&Ju;kd um tppfaq;cHaeBu&wmNzpfonf /
xl;Ncm;wm wpfck &Sdao;onf / wpfcsdKUv,form;awGu vlae
&GmxJrSm tdrf&SdNyD; wpfcsdKUv,form;awGu vlae&GmxJrSm tdrfr&Sd / todrf;
cH&rnfh v,fxJrSmom tdrfaqmufaeBuwm Nzpfonf / xdkolawG&JU rdom;pk
xrif;tdk;uGJNyD;oumv aep&myg aysmufrnf /
2010 aEG p yg;pd k u f N yD ; umv 'D Z if b mvtwG i f ; pyg;awG z H k ; aeNyD /
zHk;aeNyDqdkwm toD;Ekav;awG pyg;ESHtEkav;awG&SdaeNyDvdkYaNymwm /
xdktcsdef olaX;\ udk,fpm;vS,f t&m&Sda[mif;wpfa,mufu vmNyD;
pyg;cif;awGzsufcdkif;onf / ve - 39 avsmufxm;onfwJh / ve - 39 onf
v,faum awGudkom xkwfay;wmrsm;onf ve - 39 qdo
k nfrmS
puf r I a Nr ? O,sOf N cH a Nr ES p f & S n f 'grsd K ;Nzpf o nf / v,f a umqd k w m

pyg;pdkufysdK;Nzpf xGef;rIr&Sdaom v,f /


pyg;cif;awGrzsufawmh NyemwufNyD bl'dkZm aNrwGef;pufBuD;awG ESifh
wmwrHawG wGe;f NzKd avonf / v,form;awGuawmh ikww
f w
k rf su&f nf usav
onf / wmwrHawG qdw
k m a&xde;f xm;wmawGNzpfonf / a&xde;f wmr&Sad wmh
pyg;awGysufonfaygh / aemufxyf wpf{u oHk;odef;ay;NyD;rsuf&nfokwfNyef
onf / idkapwwfwJhtaBumif;w&m;udk ry,fzsufEdkifao; /
,aeYtxd v,form;awG &NyD;aom aiG wpf{u aNcmufodef;usyfEIef;Nzpf
onf / ,ckaygufaps; odef; oHk;q,fausmfayNyD / NzpfEdkifvQif odef; 40
ay;awmifra&mif; csif /

a[m ,ck 2011 rd;k &moD pyg;pdu


k &f moD awmifoal wGu xGeBf u,ufBuNyef
NyD / tcsdKU xGef,ufolawGudk vHkNcHKa&; ( ukrPD vHkNcHKa&; tapmifh ) ESpfa,mufoHk;
a,mufu zrf;rnfqD;rnf[k Ncdrf;aNcmufvmNyD / tcsdKUrxGef,uf&JBuawmh 'Dawmh
v,fydkif&Sif trnfayguf tdkBuD;tdkrawG udk,fwdkif qif;xGefBuonf / aeYwdkif;
pum;rsm;Buonf / wm;ol u wm;onf / xG e f o l u xG e f o nf / tEk p m;
ppfyaJG v;wrQNzpfaeonf / wl;NzKd xm;aom uefoif;&d;k awG( wmwrHawG )udk wpfvH
( vufvHwpfvH = av;awmif = aNcmufay ) vQif wpf&musyf EIef;ESifh
v,form;awGu uefoif;&d;k awGNyefzUkdonf / zsuo
f u
l zsuf zdUk ou
l zdUk wm;oluwm;
pdkufolupdkuf avsmfoluavsmf tEkpm;ppfyGJav; r*Fvm'HkNrdKUe,f xJwGifNzpfae
onf/ Nidrf;csrf;a&;r&ao;/ 'gonf raeYu( 12 . 6 . 2011 ) udk,fwdkifNrifcJh
onft
h aNctae /

tcef;(2) ta&GU
1953 v,f,maNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk af &;Oya' 1963 ck ESpo
f ;D pm;csxm;a&;Oya'
awGudk awmifolawGem;rvnf Bum;yifrBum;bl; / EdkifiHawmfu v,fodrf;vQif
avsmfaBu;rqdkpavmuf om&onfudkodonf / yk*vdutcsif;csif; vufvTJ
aNymif;zdkU[laom &nf&G,fcsufNzifh odrf;r& / odrf;cGifhr&Sdwmudk awmifolawGrod /
a&TUonf /
yxrtqifh aNcmuf avsmfaBu;ay;wmudk emcH&ef pufrIZHk taumif
txnfray: rcsi;f v,fpu
kd cf iG ahf y;rnfvUkd a&TUonf /
ve - 39 onf v,faumrSxw
k o
f nfukd awmifoal wGrod / a&GUonf /

v,faum[k ppfaq;ol Nrif&ef pdrf;pdkaeaom pyg;cif; rNrif&ef


a&TUonf /
'gonf ta&;BuD ; aom NyemNzpf o nf / Oya'ud k vuf w pf
vH;k Ncm;vkyaf ewmNzpfonf / OmPfaumif;olu OmPfraumif;olukd ? pmzwfou
l
pmrzwfou
l kd ? pmwwfou
l pmrwwfou
l kd ? aiGrsm;olu aiGenf;olukd wnfqOJ ya'
eJU nD&ef wNznf;Nznf;a&GUaeonfvm; / xdak e&mawG vrf;azmufNy;D tuGuaf zmfum
puf&Hkorm;awGudk a&mif;pm;vdkufvQif a&TNzpfrnfhae&mawG / vrf;azmufc /
awmifolawG ay;avsmfc xuf tq aygif; 100 avmufNrwfrnf /

aNcmufoed ;f ukev
f sif ode;f 600 Nyef&rnf tvGeaf oNcmaom &if; ES;D NrKyEf rHS I
Nzpfonf / vG,v
f ,
G ef UJ r& / awmom; xrif;td;k udk cG&J &J rnf / OmPfaumif;pmwwf
pmzwfNyD; Oya'eJU abmif0if&ef wNznf;Nznf; a&TUwwfzdkUvdkonf / 'gonf ta&TU ESifh
vufwvH;k Ncm; OmPfupm;aom NyemNzpfonf /

tcef;(3) wnfqJOya'
1953 ckEpS f v,f,maNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk af &; Oya' yg xl;Ncm;csurf sm; yk'fr(38) v,f,maNrudk toHk;csNcif; /
(1) EdkifiHawmforwonf a'owpfckwGif oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm; wckckudk
pdu
k yf sKd ;Ncif; Nzifah omf vnf;aumif;? a'owckcw
k iG f v,f,maNrudk owfrw
S x
f m;
aom enf;vrf;twdik ;f toH;k csNcif; Nzifah omfvnf;aumif; Edik if aH wmftwGuNf zpfap?
awmifov
l ,form;rsm;twGuNf zpfap tusKd ; NzpfxeG ;f aprnf[x
k ifNrif,q
l vQif
tqdyk g oD;ESt
H rsKd ;tpm;udk pdu
k yf sKd ;ap&efaomfvnf;aumif;? tqdyk genf;vrf; twdik ;f
v,f,maNrudktoHk;csap&efaomfvnf;aumif; oifhawmfrnfxifNrif onfhtwdkif;
aqmif&u
G Ef ikd o
f nf / odw
Yk nf;r[kwaf qmif&u
G af pEdik o
f nf/
yk'fr (5) odrf;,lNcif;
xd k Y t Nyif tuf O ya't& v,f , maNrud k Nyef v nf o d r f ; ,l N yD ;
onfhaemufwGif tqdkygv,f,maNray:wGif EdkifiHawmf\ tcGifhta&;rSwyg; ?
tNcm;rnfonfh tcGifhta&;rQ yk'fr(10) wGif twdtvif;NyXmef;xm;onfhtwdkif;
rSwyg; ay:aygufoufa&mufNcif;r&Sd ap& /
yk'fr(42) avsmfaBu;ay;Ncif;
(1) wnfqJtNcm;Oya'wGif rnfodkYyifyg&Sdapumrl tufOya'yg
tNcm;NyXmef;csurf sm;udk taxmuftxm;NyK yk'rf (5) t&Nzpfap ? yk'rf (9) yk'rf cG(J 2)
>cif;csuf t&Nzpfap EdkifiHawmfu Nyefvnf odrf;,laom v,f,m aNrtwGuf
avsmfaBu;udk yk'frESifh Z,m;(2) ygNyXmef;csufrsm;ygNyXmef;csufrsm; ESifhtnDay;&
rnf /

Z,m;(2) ygavsmfaBu; aBu;NzwfyHkrSm trsm;qH;k taeNzifh aNrcGefawmf\ wpfq,fhESpfq ESifhnDrQaom avsmfaBu;omvQifNzpfNyD;


tenf;qH;k taeNzifh aNrcGefawmf ESifhnDrQaom avsmfaBu; [l NyXmef;yg&Sdygonf /
rSwfcsuf/ aNrcGefawmfonf wpf{uvQif aiG usyf q,f*Pef;om&Sdygonf /
yk'fr(4) vTJaNymif;Ncif;udkwm;NrpfNcif;/
Oya't&NyKonfhenf;Oya'rsm;ESifh rnDnGwfvQif v,f,maNrudk
aygifESHNcif; ? a&mif;csNcif; tNcm;enf;Nzifh vTJaNymif;Ncif; odkYwnf;r[kwfcGJpdwfNcif;
rNyK& /

tcef;(4) zGHUNzdK;rI ESifh xdcdkufcHpm;rI


NzpfpOfonf rdom;pk0ifaygif; vlOD;a& 700 ausmf \ xrif;tdk; udk
rcGJyg zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;yg[k qifaNc ay;vdkvQif - ESvHk;om; ? w&m;rQwrI ?
zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&; paom csdefudkufp&mrsm; &Sdaeyg onf / odkUNzpfyg EdkifiHa&;
ESv;kH om; ay:ayguv
f map&ef atmufyg pmudk zwfyg[k arwm&yfcv
H ykd g onf /
oifb,fbufu&yfrvJ

odkUr[kwf tar&duefaNrodrf;trI

w&m;rQ w aomavsmf a Bu;ray;bJ


ud k , f y d k i f y p n f ; Op m ud k
Nynfolrsm; oHk;pGJ&ef rodrf;,l& /
'k w d , ur m ppf t NyD ; puf r I N rd K U a wmf w pf c k t Nzpf t&S d e f t [k e f B uD ; pG m
wdk;wufvmNyD; aemufydkif; pufrIvkyfief;rsm; arS;rSdefvmonfh 1980 ESpfrsm;rSp
'D;x&dGKufNrdKYaevlxk 40 &mcdkifEIef;onfNrdKYrSxGufcGgaNymif;a&TUoGm;Buav\/
xdktcsdefu 'D;x&dGKufNrdKUwGifvrf;opfBuD; 6 oG,fudk azmufvkyfcJhoNzifh

&yf u G u f r sm; vnf ; uG J N yJ o G m ;onf / Nrd K U o l N rd K U o m;trsm;wd k Y o nf Nrd K U N yif o d k Y


aNymif;a&TUomG ;Buonf /
1960 Nynfv
h eG f aemufyikd ;f wGipf uf&rkH sm; ydwcf &hJ tvkyv
f ufrhJ Nyemrsm;
BuD;xGm;vmonf / trItcif;rsm;wdk;yGg;cJhonf / vlrsdK;a&;cGJNcm;rI Nyemrsm;?
ta&;tcif;rsm;NzpfyGg;cJhonfrSm 1970 NynfhvGef ESpfrsm;txdyif/
20&mpktapmydkif;u wdk;wufBuD;yGg;cJhaom armfawmfum;xkwfvkyfrI
vkyif ef;yifvQit
f Ekwf vuPmNycJo
h nf /
1980 NynfEh pS w
f iG f *sief &m,farmfawmfpf ukrP
BD u;D u armfawmfum;puf&kH
ESp&f ykH w
d x
f m;&awmhrnfNzpfaBumif;aBunmonf / xdpk uf&kH ESp&f t
kH wGuf tvkyform;
6000 udk tvkyfay;Edkifrnfh pufrIvkyfief;BuD;wpf&yf xlaxmif&ef *sife&m,f
ukrP
u
D pDpOfavonf / puf&w
kH nfaqmuf&efaNrae&mudk 'D;x&du
k Nf rKd Y aumifpu
D
uln&D mS azGonf /
vl O D ; a& 3500 &S d a om yd k v ef t rsd K ;om;wd k Y taNccsaexdkifonfh
ydv
k af wmif; NrKd Uuo
kd ifah wmfaomae&m[k 'D;x&du
k Nf rKd Uaumifpu
D a&G;cs,af vonf/
vl O D ; a& 3500 teuf 'D ; x&d k u f N rd K Uawmf E S i f h t ay;t,l v k y f & ef
Niif;qefol 300 cefYom &Sdavonf /
tar&d u ef E d k i f i H o m;Nzpf v mBuaom yxrOD ; qH k ; yd k v ef r sd K ;EG , f 0 if
tdkrif;rpGrf; rsm;NzpfBu onf /
tpd;k &u olw\
Ykd aetdrrf sm;ESihf bk&m;&Scd akd usmif;rsm;ud0k ,fvNkd y;D olwu
Ykd
b,faps; ESifhrQra&mif;EdkifBuay / tpdk;&u ydk;vfawmif;udk *sife&m,farmfwmpf
twGuf puf&w
kH nf aqmuf&efppD Ofay;vdNk cif;rSm tar&duef zGUJ pnf;yHt
k aNccHOya'
udk qiftyd &f m qdwEf ;Id ovdNk zpfcahJ v onf /
yk*vduydkifypnf;udk trsm;NynfoltusdK;twGuf odrf;qnf;toHk;
NyKEdkifaom tmPmonf yOrNyifqifcsuf Oya'wGif yg0ifaeonf / odkYaomf
vlodrsm;aomtcsufawmhr[kwf /
yOrNyifqifcsuf Oya't& tpdk;&onf xdkae&mudk twif;tusyfNyK
a&mif ; csapEd k i f o nf / vk y f i ef ; Xmersm;? ausmif ; aNrae&mrsm;? td r f w d k Y u d k
tpdk;&u0,f,lrnfqdkvQif vTJaNymif;a&mif;cs&rnfNzpfonf /
xdktrdefYtmPmudktoHk;NyKvQuf tpdk;&onf vrf;rBuD;rsm; azmuf
vk y f E d k i f r nf /aq;&H k B uD ; rsm;aqmuf r nf / qnf B uD ; rsm;wnf a qmuf r nf /
awm&yfaNr&dkif;a'orsm;udk trsdK;om;O,smOfrsm;tNzpf owfrSwfrnf /

odaYk omfyOrNyifqifcsuOf ya'u owfrw


S cf su&f o
dS nf /
]]yk * v d u yd k i f y p n f ; rsm;ud k
w&m;rQ w aom
avsmf a Bu;aiG r ay;bJ E S i f h
Nynfolrsm; oHk;pGJ&ef odrf;qnf;,liifNcif;rNyK&}}
Nyem ESpfckay:vmavonf /
(1)
w&m;rQwaom avsmaf Bu;[lonfrmS tb,fenf;
(2)
*sief &m,farmfwmpfuaqmufvyk rf nfh puf&o
kH nf Nynforl sm;oH;k pG&J ef
Nzpfygovm;
(rSwcf su/f uJo
h Ukd aomf tNiif;yGg;rIrsKd ;onf zGUJ pnf;yHt
k aNccHOya'qdik &f mcH&k ;kH
\ tvkyNf zpfavonf / yD'yD D )
wGif rpf&SD*efNynfe,ftpdk;&u 1980 NynfhESpfwGif pwufusL Oya'
wpf&yfukd tvsit
f Nrefa&;qGt
J wnfNyKavonf /
xdOk ya't& odr;f ,lNcif;udpo
nf zGUJpnf;yHt
k aNccHOya'ESihf nD^rnD qH;k Nzwf&
rnf / avsmaf Bu;ay;zdu
Yk pd u
akd wmh aemufr&S iS ;f vif;rnf / uJo
h Ukd NyKonft
h wGuf
&yfuu
G w
f pfcu
k kd tpd;k &u odr;f zdt
Yk wGuf ESpEf iS chf sD rBumawmhbJ vydik ;f twGi;f
odrf;,lEdkif rnf /
xdt
k csed w
f iG f tar&duefNynfaxmifpk tvkyv
f ufrNhJ yemrSm us,Nf yefY
aom trsdK;om;a&;NyemNzpfaeavonf / 1980NynfhESpfwGif rpf&SD*efNynfe,fwGif tvkyfvufrJhNyemrSm 14 'r 2 &mcdkifeIef;
'D;x&GdufNrdKUawmfwGif 18 &mcdkifeIef;
vlrnf;&yfuGufwGif 30 &mcdkifeIef;xda&mufaeonf /
NrdKU0ef udk;vfref,ef;onf 1974wGif tar&duefNynfaxmifpk\ yxrqHk;vlrnf;
NrdKU0efNzpfonf / ,ef; u ]] *sife&m,farmfwmpfu olUpuf&Hkudk wNcm;Nynfe,f aNymif;NyD;wnfr,f
qdyk gpUkd / 'D;x&dKG uNf rKd UrmS tvkyo
f rm; 6000 twGuf tvkyrf sm;qH;k &H;I ukerf mS bJ }}
t&H;I uonfrmS wifr&yf / armfwmum;ukrP
ED iS q
hf ufE,
G f aeaomtNcm;
vkyfief;rsm;ESifhoef;aygif;rsm;pGmaom a':vmaiGrsm;&rnfh tNrwfcGefrsm;vnf;
qHk;&HI;&awmh rnf /

tvkyo
f rm;acgi;f aqmifwpfO;D taeESiv
hf nf;aumif; qD;edwv
f w
T af wmftrwfwpfO;D tNzpfvnf;aumif; NrKd U0eftNzpfvnf;aumif; udk;vfref,ef;onf ,if;taNctaersm;udk BudKwif NrifcJhzl;NyD;Nzpfavonf /
rpf&SD*efNynfe,ftwGif;&Sd armfawmfum;puf&Hkopfrsm; ydwfqdkYvdkufoNzifh
wNrdKYvHk;qHk;&HI;epfemrIrsm;&BuoNzifh armfawmfum;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;ESifh a'ocHEdkifiHa&;
acgif;aqmifrsm;tNypfwifcHaeBu&csdefvnf;Nzpfonf /
NrKd U0ef ud;k vfref,ef;u tNzpfrsKd ; rNzpfay:ap&ef wmqD;&eftoifh Nzpfae
onf /
zdkY'f ? *sife&,farmfwmpfESifh c&dkifpvm ukrPDawGudk pufrIvkyfief;wdk;csJU&if
'D;x&dGKufNrdKUudk wdk;csJUzdkU NrdKU0ef,ef;u zdwfac:xm;zl;avonf /
*sief &,farmfwmpf\ pDru
H ed ;f opftwGuf vdt
k yfaom aNr{u 400 ^ 500
udk 'D;x&dKG uNf rKd Uawmf aumifpED iS hf ndE iId ;f aqmif&u
G Nf cif;Nzpfavonf /
Zlvikd v
f wGif 'D;x&dKG upf ;D yGg;a&;wd;k wufrI aumfyakd &;&Si;f udk acgi;f aqmifol
tif;rufrw
kd if u yd;k vfawmif;e,faNrudk A[dpk ufraI 'otNzpf owfrw
S cf hJ onf /
atmufwb
kd m 31 &ufaeYwiG f 'D;x&dKG ut
f yk cf sKyaf &;aumifpo
D nf pmrsuEf mS 500
ygaom pmwrf;wpfapmifudk NyKpkNyD; A[dkpufrIa'oudpudk aqG;aEG;Buonf /
xdkYaemuf 5 rJ 1 rJ Nzifh twnfNyKBuonf /
aemufoHk;&uftBum - 1980 ckESpf Edk0ifbm 3 &uf aeYwGif ydk;vfawmif;
NrdKYudk odrf;vdkufNyD; ,if;udk *sife&,farmfwmpfodkYvTJaNymif;ay;tyfaBumif; trdefYudk
NrdKY0ef udk;vfref,ef;u vufrSwfa&;xdk;xkwfNyefavonf /
-------------------------------'D;x&dGKufNrdKYawmfu puf&HkpDrHudef;udk aBunmaomtcg ydk;vfawmif;
NrdKUolNrdKUom;rsm;udk pk&Hk;pnf;a0;Bu&ef a'oacgif;aqmifrsm;u pDpOfonf /
xdt
k pnf;ta0;u yd;k vfawmif; teD;tem; a'oaumifpu
D zkd UJG pnf;Buonf /
aumifpDu a&SYae a&mfef&Da&mhpwD;udk iSm;&rf; w&m;&ifqdkif&ef qHk;Nzwf
onf / NrdKYaevlxkonf 0g&SifwefNrdKYawmfrS ( Ralph Nader ) &ufvyf af e'g
toif;0ifrsm;udv
k nf;tultnD&&efzw
d af c:onf / xdt
k oif;onf pm;oH;k ol vlxrk sm;
bufrS tpOftNrJ&yfwnfNyD; tpdk;&ESifh ukrPDBuD;rsm;udk &ifqdkif qefYusifaom
toif; Nzpfavonf /

&ufvfyfae'g toif;u ydk;vfawmif;NrdKUwGif &Hk;wpf&Hk;zGifhvSpfxm;&SdNyD;


NrKd v
Y x
l t
k a&;udk aqmif&u
G &f efppD Ofavonf /
touft&G,f 70 ausmNf yND zpfaom a0:vw
f m ESihf *sKd pzif;*smulb;kd puD;wdYk
oufBu;D &G,t
f kd ZeD;armifEo
HS nf yd;k vfawmif;NrKd UwiG f &moufyefaexdik f cJBh uolrsm;Nzpf
onf /1900 NynfhvGef ESpfrsm;up xdk&yfuGufrSm ydkveftrsdK;om;wdkY taNccs
aexdik v
f mcJNh cif;Nzpfonf / NrKd UrmS tvkyo
f rm;vlwef;pm&yfuu
G Nf zpfoNzifh opfom;
tdrrf sm;Nzifh csKd UiphJ mG aexdik Bf u&onf /
xdt
k &yfaevlxk *kP,
f t
l m;wuf &Sad eBuonfrmS xdNk rKd &Y dS c&pf,mefb&k m;
&Sdcdk;ausmif;yifNzpfonf / xdkbk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;udk rdrdwdkYacR;enf;pmrsm; Nzifhwpf
a,mufwpfvufpkaygif;wnfaqmufcJhBuonfh tifrJhu,lvdwf aumefpufyf&Sif;
bk&m;&Scd ;kd ausmif;vnf;Nzpfavonf /
tbd;k tdak 0:vw
f mrS xdak usmif;\ yxrqH;k ausmif;om;Bu;D NzpfNy;D tbGm;tdk
*sdK;pzif;rSm bk&m;ausmif;ESifhtenf;i,fomuGmvSrf;aomt&yf arG;zGm;cJhav
onf /
1934 ckESpf a0:vfwmESifh *sdK;pzif;wdkYvufxyfNyD;aomtcg rSpbk&m;
&Scd ;kd ausmif;&S&d mvrf;&Sd a0:vw
f mwdrYk b
d tdrw
f iG yf ifaexdik cf BhJ uavonf / tdrw
f iG yf if
a0:vw
f m\ rdcifzcifEiS n
hf rD sm;uG,v
f eG cf BhJ uonf /
tdrfwGifyif tbGm;tdk*sdK;pzif;u om;orD; 4 a,mufarG;zGm;cJhNyD;
xdkbk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;wGifyif ESpfNcif;cHcJh ? xdk&yfuGufausmif;wGif yifausmif; wufcJh
Buav onf /
tzdk;tdka0:vfwmuaNymonf ]] 1963 ckESpfrSm tvkyfu usKyftem;,lcGifh&wJhtcg NrdKYtaemufzuf
qifaNczHk;a'orSm {u0ufavmuf&SdwJh aNruGufwpfuGuf&cJhw,f ? usKyfu
tJ'DudkodyfaNymif;oGm;csifwmaygh / 'gayrJh*sdK;pzif;aBumifh roGm;NzpfcJhbl;/ olu 'DaNr?
'Da& 'Dbk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;udkbJ oHa,mZOfwG,faewmudk; / urmay:rSm ydkufqHb,f
avmufrsm;rsm; &wJha'oNzpfNzpfroGm;Edkifygbl;Asm }}
*sdK;pzif;u ]] tdkusruawmhb,fudkrSaNymif;zdkUpdwfrul;aygif&Sif }}
&yfuu
G v
f x
l o
k nfta&;BuKH vmvQiv
f yk af eustwdik ;f bk&m;&Scd ;kd ausmif; odUk
aNy;oGm; avonf / c&pf,mefbek ;f awmfBu;D *sKd ;Zufu↦Apfcso
f nf touf
58 ESp&f NdS y;D NrKd Ucb
H ek ;f Bu;D rsm;wGif toufBu;D qH;k Nzpfavonf /

vlat;wpfa,mufNzpfaom zm;om;*sdK;onf ol&yfwnfaeaom &mxl;


udb
k ,fawmhrrS awG; odaYk omf ,cky;kd vfawmif; ta&;ay:vmaomtcg c&pf,mef
*dkPf;tkyfudkvnf;aumif;? *sife&,farmfwmpfudkvnf;aumif; ? 'D;x&dGKufNrdKYawmf
udv
k nf;aumif;a0zefaNymqdck o
hJ nf /
yd;k vfawmif;NrKd Uuo
kd rd ;f ,l&efNyXmef;cJah om pwufusL Oya'udv
k nf; raumif;
qd;k 0g;Oya'[k trnfay;avonf /
zm;om;*sKd ;u ]]Nynfoal wG&UJ ,HBk unfcsuef UJ NynfoUl tcGit
hf a&;ud&k zdNYk ynfoal wG wdu
k yf 0JG if
&rSmbJ }} odNYk zifh zm;om;*sKd ;onf oHrPdacgi;f aqmifNzpfvmavonf /
tbGm;tdk*sdK;pzif;ESifh NrdKYolNrdKUom;rsm; rdk;&GmxJwGif yvyfpwpfprsm;Nzifh
rdk;umNyD; qENyBuav onf / olronfrnfolYukdrQraBumuf *dkPf;tkyfBuD;
udkvnf;rNzHK - }} *dkPf;tkyfBuD;rarG;cifuwnf;u usr uufovpfbmom
0ifNzpfaewmyg}} olrudk owif;axmufrsm;vGepf mG cspBf uavonf /
rnf o d k U y if N zpf a p yd k ; vf a wmif ; Nrd K U o l N rd K U o m;rsm;ES i f h 'D ; x&d G K uf N rd K Y 0 ef
udk;vfref,ef;wdkY w&m;&Hk;wGif tqHk;tNzwfcH,l&rnfNzpfavonf /
1981 ck ESpf rwfv 14 &ufaeYwGif rpf&SD*efNynfe,fw&m; vTwfawmf
csKyu
f trIuBkd um;emqH;k Nzwfonf /
'D;x&dKG uNf rKd aY wmfu txl;NyXmef;xm;aom pwufusL Oya'udk ud;k um;
wifNyonf /
w&m;&Hk;u qHk;Nzwf&rnfhtcsufrSm ydk;vfawmif;NrdKYaNymif;a&TUa&; pDrHcsuf
onf ]] trsm;Nynf o l t usd K ;Nzpf x G e f ; apa&;twG u f Nzpf o vm;rNzpf
bl;vm; }} qdw
k mNzpf onf /
w&m;&Hk;u 5 rJ 2 rJ ESifh tqHk;tNzwfay;vdkufonf /
]] trsm;Nynfol tusdK;NzpfxGef;apa&;Nzpfonf }} wJh /
]] pDrHcsufonf a'ocHNynfolrsm; tvkyfvufrJhNyemudk aNz&Sif;ay;Edkif
vdrfhrnf a'opD;yGg;a&; wdk;wufrIudkvnf;NzpfxGef;aprnf[k,HkBunfonf}}
[k azmfNyavonf /
vydkif;twGif; bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif; 16 ausmif; ? pmoifausmif; 2 ausmif;
aq;&Hw
k pf&kH ? pD;yGg;a&;vkyif ef;i,f 114 ck ? tdrt
f vH;k aygi;f 1300 wdu
Yk kd blv'f Zkd mESihf
xd;k NzKd Ny;D vlO;D a& 3500 udak &TUaNymif;zdYk pDpOfNy;D Nzpfavonf / tzsufcH&Ncif;twGuf
aiGaBu;avsmfaBu;ay;rnfNzpfonf /

a&SYae&Da&mhpwD;u rpf&SD*efw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfodkY OD;wdkufavQmufvJ toem;


cHpmwif&m 1981 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 29 &ufaeUwGifw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu
ydk;vfawmif;NrdKUNzdKzsufNcif;udk acw&yfpJ&ef trdefYcsrSwfavonf /
xdktawmtwGif; *dkPf;csKyf 'D&m;'if;u tifrJhu,l;vdwfaumefpufyf&Sif;
bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;udk 'D;x&dGKufNrdKUtm;a':vm 1 'r 2 oef;Nzifha&mif;&ef
oabmwlvu
kd af v onf /
1981 ckESpfrwfv 14 &ufaeYwGif rpf&SD*ef w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfu 5 rJ 2
rJ Nzifh ydk;vfawmif;pDrHudef;onf Nynfolrsm;toHk;NyK&ef twGuf owfrSwfcsuf
abmiftwGi;f &So
d nf[k trdecYf svu
kd af vonf /
'Drdkua&pDtcif;tusif;onf trsm;aumif;usdK;twGuf tenf;pku
tavsmah y;&rnf/ vlwpfO;D wpfa,muf\tcGit
hf a&;ESihf trsm;pk\ aumif;usKd ;udk
,SOv
f Qif trsm;pkbufu tom&aprnf[k oabmoufa&mufonf /
ydk;vfawmif;{&d,m&Sdrdom;pkrsm;\ oHk;yHkwpfyHkrSm xd k u f w efaom
a om

avsmfaBu; aiGrsm;udkwaysmfwpfyg;,lNyD;aNymif;a&TUoGm;Buavonf /
yd;k vfawmif;trIonf wpfEikd if v
H ;kH [d;k av;wausmNf zpfvmNy;D vltrsm;pk
wd k Y u *sd K ;pzif ; wd k Y b uf u &yf w nf v mavonf /*sif e &,f a rmf w mpf vnf ;
raeomawmhbJ bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;udkydk;vfawmif;tNyifodkYa&TUaNymif;ay;rnf[kurf;
vSr;f vmonf / zm;om;*sKd ;u ]]vH;k vH;k Bu;D rNzpfEikd w
f u
hJ pd y gbJ }}[kq
k o
kd nf /
yd;k vfawmif;wGiNf zpfaeBuonfrmS ppfyw
JG pfyrJG Qyif / NzKd csxm;aomtdrt
f csKd Y
a&yd k u f w ef ; vef ; ? 0g,mBud K ;wef ; vef ; td r f N yd K td r f y suf r sm;z&d k z &J ? Nrd K Y a evl x k
&ifxJrD;[kef;[kef;awmufvQuf ? a&vnf;Nyuf? rD;vnf;Nywf? bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;rS
za,mif;wdkifrSdwfwkwfwkwfomtvif;a&mifay;aeawmhonf /zm;om;*sdK;udkawmh
bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;yk&0kPfxJxd0ifcGifhray;awmh /
Zlvdkif 14 &ufaeY tbGm;tdk*sdK;pzif;tdyfaepOf w,fvDzkef;ESifhtaBumif;
Bum;oNzifh bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;odkUaNy;Buonf / tNcm;bufawmfom;rsm;ESifh pk&Hk;NyD;
"roDcsif;rsm;qdkBu? acgif;avmif;rsm;xdk;Bu - *sdK;pzif;uaNymonf ]]reufapmapmrSm 'D;x&dGKufNrdKUawmfu ykvdyfawG bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;xJ0ifvm
Buw,f/ olwu
Ykd ,Ofaus;ygw,f /usrwdu
Yk "rocD si;f qdNk y;D qkawmif; aewmNrifawmh
ar;w,f - cifAsm;wdkYNyD;NyDvm;wJh / usrwdkYu [kwfuJhNyD;ygNyD vdkY }}

bk & m;&S d c d k ; ausmif ; xJ & S d q E N yol r sm;ud k 'D ; x&d G K uf N rd K U y k v d y f t &m&S d u


acgif;aqmifzrf;qD;cJhonf /em&Dtenf;i,fBumNyD;aemufNyefvTwfcJhonf / xdkaeY
rGef;vGJcsdefwGif bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;awmfa&SYwGif 'l;axmufqkawmif;idk,dkaeaom
a'ocHrsm;\a&SUwGif bkl&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;udkNzdKcsvdkufavawmhonf /
NrdKU0ef udk;vfref,ef;onf yOraNrmufNrdKY0ef&mxl;udkxrf;aqmifae&if;NrdKU
awmfuw
kd nfaqmufaeqJNzpfonf / onfwpfBurD w
f iG f tNcm;NrKd Uaevlxx
k o
H Ykd
rQm;OD;vSnfhNyD; c&dkufpvm armfawmfum; aumfydka&;&Sif;odkUay;&efvsmxm;onf /
aNrae&mrsm;ay;tyfNcif;rSm NynfoUl tusKd ;NyKvyk if ef;rSeo
f nf ? odrYk [kwrf rSef
qdkNcif;udk rnfolurQ apm'uwufBuawmhrnfr[kwf / taBumif;rSm NrdKYawmf&Sd
tNrifhqHk;w&m;&Hk;awmfu tcsdefumv w&m;Oya'ESifh nDnGwfonf[k
qHk;NzwfcJhNyD;NyD r[kwfygvm; /
pdrfharmif bmomNyefonf /
( pmzwfolrdwfaqGrsm;cifAsm; txufyg tNiif;yGg;rIrsdK;wGif oifrnfuJhodkY &yfwnfyg
rnf enf; / oif a&G;cs,faygif;pyftcsdK;cs& ygvdrfhrnf / )
zGUH NzKd ;rI
wnfwHhrI
aNymif;vJrI
rQwrI
epfemrI
ay;avsmfrI

tcef;(5) rnfodkUqHk;Nzwfrnfenf;
,ck awmifoal wGxeG af eonf ? pdu
k af eonf ? aZurmu vrf;awGNzwf
azmufaeonf / rD;wdkifawGpdkufaeonf / ydkaeNrJusm;aeNrJ ( armifydkaeNrJ usm;
aeNrJ ) acw&adS evdyk gonf / udpo
nf tvsipf vdk qH;k Nzwf&efroifh / touf ?
b0 ? rdom;pk vlom; ? olaX; / EdkifiHa&; Nzpfygonf /
ukrPDtusdK;pD;yGg;qdkvQifNzifh yD'DyDtaeNzifh vHk;0uefYuGufavonf /
ukrPDtm; w&m;Oya' ESifhtnD qENy&eftxd pDpOfavrnf / EdkifiHtusdK;
pD;yGg;qdkvQifNzifh w&m;rQwaom avsmfaBu;ay;yg&ef arwm&yfcH&avrnf /
EdkifiHawmftpdk;& vlBuD;awG tdyfuyfxJrS pdkufxkwfay;&onfr[kwf uREfkyfwdkU
Edik if o
H m;rsm;tdyu
f yfxrJ S tcGet
f cudk ydrk akd umuf,yl gav / Edik if v
H ;kH tusKd ;twGuf
NzpforQ'Pf a&TeHUom awmom;awGcH&efrvdk uREfkyfwdkUyg uscHrnf uREfkyfwdkY xH
tcGefaumufygav / xd k u f w ef p G m avsmf y g a v [kom arwm&yfcv
H ykd gonf /

t&SnfoNzifh rQwaomaNr,may:vpDNzpfvm&ef vTwfawmfrSm tm;xkwfyg&ef


arwm&yfcHvdkygonf /

tcef;(6) acwfrrDvQifNyif&efvdk
rwl u G J N ym;Ncif ; ES i f h Nid r f ; csrf ; a&;ygwD r S N ynf a xmif p k v T w f a wmf o d k U
wifoGif;vdkonfh 2011 ckESpf aNr,m Oya'Burf; ]] uREfkyfwdkU\ pdwful;yHk&dyf
aNr,mOya'Burf;}} [la&;om;NzefUa0 xm;cJhygonf avhvmyg&ef rwluGJNym;Ncif;ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;ygwDonfvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,f
wpfae&maomfrQta&G;cs,fcH&Ncif;r &Sdyg / Nynfol vlxk axmufcHrI r&&SdNcif;
aBumifh [kom cH,lygonf /
od k U aomf u REf k y f w d k Y w nf a qmuf v d k a om Ed k i f i H a wmf u d k rnf o d k U
yHkazmfrnfqdk onfudk azmfxkwfcGifh&Sdygay onf /
xdkUtNyif vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frNzpfNim; vT w f a wmf x J & S d trwf r if ; rsm; ES i f h tNcm;Ed k i f i H a &; ygwD r sm; ud k
tultnD awmif;cH ydkifcGifh &Sdavonf /
xdkYtNyifrdbNynfolrsm;udkvnf; wifNycGifh&Sdavonf /
xdkYaBumifh uREfkyfwdkY\ pdwful;yHk&dyfNzpfaom Nynf a xmif p k vT w f a wmf o d k U w if o G i f ; vd k o nf h aNr,mOya'Burf ; ud k cH p m;
pdwful;&kyfvHk;azmfBunfhvdkufygownf; /
rnfolrqdk ulnDaqmif&Guf aNz&Sif;ay;EdkifygaBumif;yD ' D y D

2 011 ckESpf aNr,m Oya'Burf;


yk'fr - 1 trnf
Oya'udk 2011ckESpfaNr,m *&efcsxm;ay;a&; Oya' [kac:wGifap&rnf /
yk'fr - 2 tmPmwnfaomtus,ft0ef;
Oya'onf NynfaxmifpNk refrmEdik if aH wmfwpf0ef;vH;k ESio
hf ufqikd af p&rnf /
yk'fr - 3 t"dyg,f&Sif;vif;azmfNycsufrsm;
(u) v,f,maNrqdo
k nfrmS - v,f ? ,m ? udik ;f ? uRe;f ? O,smOfNcH ? aNrvGwaf Nr&dik ;f ?
a&eufuGif;? pm;usufaNr ? odkYwnf;r[kwf pdkufysdK;arG;NrLa&;Nzifh toufarG;
0rf;aBumif; NyKvkyfEdkifaom aNrrsm;udk qdkvdkonf/
(c)
pufraI Nr qdo
k nfrmS puf&t
kH vky&f kH wnfaxmif&ef&nf&,
G o
f wfrw
S x
f m;aom
odw
Yk nf;r[kwf puf&t
kH vky&f kH xlaxmif vkyu
f ikd q
f J Nzpfaom aNr,mudk qdv
k kd
onf /
(*)
vufiw
k v
f yk u
f ikd o
f l qdo
k nfrmS - Oya' tmPmrwnfrD umvtwGi;f Edik if H
awmfrt
S odtrSwNf yK oufaotaxmuftxm;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ;vufuikd &f o
dS l Oyrm (A,u)yHkpH ? ve(39) ponf wrsdK;rsdK;ESifhvkyfudkifoludk qdkvdkonf /
(C) usL;ausmfol qdkonfrSm - 2008 ckESpf zGJUpnf;yHktaNccHOya'ESifhtnD ay:ayguf
vmaom tpd;k &opftmPmvTaJ Nymif;vufcNH cif;rNyKvyk &f ao;aomumvtxd
yk'rf (3) yk'rf cGJ (u) ygv,f,maNrt"dyg ,zf iG q
hf o
kd wfrw
S cf suEf iS t
hf nDay:ayguf
aeaom aNr,may:wiG f oufao cH taxmuftxm; wpfrsKd ;rsKd ; r&Sb
d u
J sL;
ausmf aexdik v
f yk u
f ikd f olukd qdv
k kd onf /
(i)
wifu;l Bu&H ,
G o
f l qdo
k nfrmS - yk'rf (3) yk'rf cGJ (u) ygv,f,maNrt"dyg ,zf iG q
hf kd
owfrw
S cf suEf iS hf tnD ay:ayguf aeaom aNr,may:wiG f oufaocH taxmuf

(p)

(q)
(Z)

(ps)
(n)

(#)

(X)

txm; wpfrsdK;rsdK; r&SdbJ 2008 ckESpf zGJUpnf;yHktaNccHOya' ESifh tnD ay:ayguf


vmaom tpd;k &opf tmPm vTaJ Nymif;vufcNH cif;NyKvyk Nf y;D aemufyikd ;f rS usL;ausmf
aexdik v
f yk u
f ikd f oluq
kd v
kd kd onf /
yl;aygi;f Bu&H ,
G o
f l - qdo
k nfrmS Oya'tmPmrwnfru
D mvwGiw
f nf&cdS ahJ om
vkyu
f ikd cf iG t
hf qif(h vufiw
k f ? usL;ausmo
f l ?wifu;l Bu&H ,
G o
f )l paom taNctae
rsm;udk NyKNyifaNymif;vJ&efMupH t
D m;xkwv
f yk af qmif&mwGif enf;vrf; wpfrsKd ;rsKd ;Nzifh
yl;aygif;yg0if oludkqdkvdkonf /
tNiif;yGg;qJqo
kd nfrmS - Oya'tmPmwnfonft
h csed x
f d w&m;&H;k wpfcck w
k iG f
vkyu
f ikd cf iG hf qdik &f m tNiif;yGg;rINzpfay:aeqJaNr,mudq
k v
kd o
kd nf /
aNr,mtrItcif;bkwt
f zGUJ qdo
k nfrmS - Oya't& aNr,mvkyu
f ikd cf iG t
hf qifh
(vufiw
k ?f usL;ausmo
f ?l wif ul;Bu&H ,
G o
f )l ESihf tNiif;yGg;qJ trItcif;rsm;twGuf
qH;k Nzwf&ef txl;zGUJ pnf;xm;aom tzGUJ ukd qdv
k o
kd nf /
wdik ;f &if;om;qdo
k nfrmS Edik if aH wmfrw
S &m;0iftodtrSwNf yKxm;aom wdik ;f &if;om;
vlrsdK; (135)rsdK;udk qdkvdkonf /
wdik ;f &if;om;r[kwo
f l Edik if o
H m; qdo
k nfrmS - Edik if o
H m;pdppfa&;u'fNym;udik af qmif
xm;aomfvnf; Edik if aH wmfrt
S od trSwNf yK wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsKd ; ( 135 ) rsKd ;wGif
ryg0ifou
l q
kd v
kd o
kd nf /
Edik if NH cm;om;qdo
k nfrmS - vlrsKd ;udk taNccHcNJG cm;rnfr[kwb
f J Edik if NH cm;wdik ;f Nynf
wpfcck \
k Edik if o
H m; todtrSwNf yKvufrw
S u
f u
kd ikd af qmifqNJ zpfNy;D Nynfaxmifpk
NrefrmEdik if o
H m;todtrSwNf yK oufaocHuwf Nym;udik af qmifciG hf r&So
d u
l q
kd v
kd kd
onf /
tdraf xmifp0k if Edik if NH cm;om; - qdo
k nfrmS NynfaxmifpNk refrm Edik if o
H m; tod
trSwNf yK oufaocHu'fNym;udik f aqmifxm; Ncif;r&Sad omfvnf; Nynfaxmifpk
NrefrmEdik if o
H m; todtrSwf NyKoufaocHvufrw
S f udik af qmif xm;ol wpfO;D
OD;\ ZeD;^vif^ om;^orD;^ a,mur^om;ruf^acR;r- paom tNcm;Oya't&
tarGqufcHydkifcGifh&Sdol wpfOD;OD; udkqdkvdkonf /

(!)

aNr,m tarGqufccH iG &hf o


dS l qdo
k nfrmS - Oya't& aNr,mtarGqufccH iG &hf o
dS u
l kd
qdv
k o
kd nf /

yk'fr - 4 *&efxkwfay;Ncif;
Oya'yg tNcm;tcsuftvufrsm; ESifh rqefYusifvQif EdkifiHydkifaNr,may:
vkyu
f ikd af qmif &Guv
f Qu&f adS eaom yk*Kd vrf sm;tm; atmufygtwdik ;f tpd;k &rS (aNriSm;pmcsKy)f
*&ef udk xkwaf y;&rnf /
(u) yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ (*) yg vufikwfvkyfudkifolNzpfNyD; yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ(ps)^yk'frcGJ(n)
wdEYk iS u
hf u
kd n
f o
D Nl zpfvQif Edik if aH wmftm; aNr*&ef todtrSwNf yK 0efxrf;c tNzpf
wpf{uvQif usyfaiG 5000 ay;aqmifNyD; aNr,m*&ef&,lcGifh&Sdap&rnf /
(c)
yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ (C) yg usL;ausmfolNzpfNyD; yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ(ps)^yk'frcGJ(n) wdkYESifh
udkufnDolNzpfvQif EdkifiHawmftm; aNr*&eftodtrSwfNyK0efxrf;c tNzpfwpf{u
vQif usyfaiG 20000 ay;aqmifNyD; aNr,m*&ef&,lcGifh&Sdap&rnf /
(*)
yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ (i) yg wiful;BuH&G,faNr,m&,lolNzpfygu aNr,m*&ef&,lcGifhr&Sd
ap& /
(C) vkyu
f ikd cf iG hf tNiif;yGg;qJtrIrsKd ;Nzpfygu aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ qH;k Nzwfcsut
f & vkyu
f ikd f
cGi&hf &So
d u
l o
kd m aNr,m*&efxw
k af y;&rnf / wdik ;f a'oBu;D (odrYk [kw)f Nynfe,f
aNr,m bkwt
f zGUJ \ aemufq;kH tqH;k tNzwfonf tNy;D tNywfNzpfap&rnf /
(i)
Oya't&pmcsKycf sKyq
f t
kd iSm;csxm;ay;aom aNr,m*&efukd wnfqJ tNcm;
Oya'wdEYk iS hf tnDvuf0,fxm;&So
d o
l m tqdyk g aNr,mudk pDrH vkyu
f ikd f cGi^hf tusKd ;
cHpm;cGihf &&Sad p &rnf /
yk'fr - 5 vufvTJvufaNymif;Ncif;
Oya't&xk w f a y;xm;aom aNriS m ;pmcsKyf ES i f h *&ef a yguf a Nr,mud k
wnfqt
J Ncm; Oya'rsm;ESihf rqefu
Y siv
f sif vufvJT vufaNymif;cGihf ? a&mif;0,fciG hf ? aygiEf cHS iG hf
? tiSm;csxm;cGihf NyKvyk Ef ikd af p&rnf /

yk'fr - 6 odrf;,lNcif;
trsm;Nynfot
l usKd ;twGuf enf;vrf;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ;Nzifh toH;k cs&ef oifah wmfonf[k
wdkif;a'oBuD; (odkYr[kwf)Nynfe,ftpdk;&uqHk;NzwfvQif xdkufwefaomavsmfaBu; ay;
odr;f qnf; toH;k csciG hf &Sad p&rnf / xdu
k w
f efaomavsmaf Bu;ESiyhf wfoufaom tNiif;yGg;rIukd
Nynfaxmifpktpdk;&u Bum;0ifndEdIif; aqmif&GufcGifh&Sdap&rnf /
yk'fr - 7 aNrtrsdK;tpm;owfrSwfNcif;
Oya't& aNr,m*&efxkwfay;&ef aNrNyiftaetxm;ESifh xkwfukeftvdkuf
aNrtrsKd ; tpm;rsm; udk owfrw
S v
f u
kd o
f nf /
(u) aNrnDuGif;NyifoD;ESHtrsdK;pm;pdkufysdK;aNr (1)
aNrnDuiG ;f Nyifo;D ESt
H rsKd ;pm;pdu
k yf sKd ;aNrqdo
k nfrmS pyg;?yJtrsKd ;rsKd ;?*sKH ?aNymif;?
ESrf;?0g?BuH ESifh tNrpfykyfaqG;vG,fNyD; oD;ESHxGuf&ef tBumqHk;tcsdef
umvtm;Nzifh wpfEpS x
f ufrydak om oD;ESpH u
kd yf sKd ;&maNrNzpf Ncif; /
(2)
tNyefu
Y s,u
f iG ;f NyifwiG f wpfqufwpfpyfwnf; uyfvQuf wnf&dS
pdu
k yf sKd ;Edik af om oD;ESH trsKd ;tpm;pdu
k yf sKd ;&maNrNzpfNcif; /
(3)
a&eufuGif;ESifh ig;pyg;wGJpyfaNr NzpfNcif;
(c) aNrnDaNrom;ESifhqufpyfa&oG,faNrmif;toHk;NyKoD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;pdkufysdK;aNr
(1)
oD;ESHxGuf&ef tcsdefumvtenf;qHk;wpfESpfNzpfNyD;xyfrH pdkufysdK; &ef
rvdk bJ wpfESpfxufydkrdkNyD; qGwfcl;&dwfodrf;EdkifaomoD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;
pdkufysdK;aNr NzpfNcif; /
(2)
aNrom;aNrabmifNyKvkyfNcif;NzifhaNrNyiftaetxm;udk umvwm&Snf
twGuf NyKNyif aNymif;vJNyD;pdkufysdK;&aom oD;ESH trsdK; tpm;pdkufysdK;
aNrNzpfNcif; /

(*)

ES p f & S n f y if p d k u f y sd K ; aNr
(1)
pdu
k yf sKd ;Ny;D tenf;qH;k (oH;k ESp)f ausmrf S pwif &dwo
f rd ;f cl;qGwf Edik af om
oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;pdkufysdK;aNrNzpfNcif; /
(2)
yk*vduopfawmpdkufcif;aNr NzpfNcif; /
(C) arG ; NrLa&;aNr
(1)
avSmiftdrfpepfNzifh arG;NrLxkwfvkyfaom arG;NrLa&;vkyfief;vkyfudkif
onfhaNr,m NzpfNcif;
(2)
vTwfausmif;pm;usufpepfNzifh arG;NrLa&;vkyfief;vkyfudkifaomaNr,m
NzpfNcif;
(i)
puf r I a Nr
ukefBurf;ypnf;wpfrsdK;rsdK;odkYwnf;r[kwftrsdK;trnfrsm;pGmrS ukefypnf;
trsKd ;pm;opf wpfck tqifw
h ;kd wufNyKNyifxw
k v
f yk af om vkyif ef; aNrtrsKd ;tpm; NzpfNcif;
paom aNrtrsdK;tpm;rsm;udk Oya'tmPmwnfonfhaeYrSpwif owfrSwf NyXmef;
vdu
k o
f nf /
yk'fr - 8 aNrEkuRef;
Oya't& *&efxw
k af y;Ny;D aemufyikd ;f tcsed t
f cgtavsmuf ay:ayguv
f maom
aNrEkuRef;? uRef;arsm aNr rsm; ESifh ywfoufaom vkyfydkifcGifhudk wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf
Nynfe,f tpdk;&\ pDrHcefYcGJcGifhESifh oufqdkifap&rnf /
yk'fr - 9 aNrtrsdK;tpm;aNymif;vJtoHk;NyKcGifhowfrSwfNcif;
(u) yk'fr(7) yg owfrSwfNyXmef;xm;aom aNrtrsdK;tpm;rsm;udk wpfckrS wpfckodkU
aNymif;vJtoHk;NyKNcif;udk yHkrSeftm;Nzifhwm;Nrpfonf /
(c)
yk'fr(7) yg owfrSwfNyXmef;xm;aom aNrtrsdK;tpm;rsm;udk wpfckrS wpfckodkU
aNymif;vJtoHk;NyKvdkvQif wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwf Nynfe,ftpdk;& \cGifhNyKcsuf &,l&ef
vdt
k yfonf /

yk'fr - 10

pd k u f y sd K ; oD ; ES H v G w f v yf p G m a&G ; cs,f c G i f h
NyXmef ; owf r S w f N cif ;
(u) azmfNyyg aNrNyiftaetxm; ^ aNrtrsKd ;tpm;udk wpfcrk w
S pfco
k Ykd NyKNyif aNymif;vJNcif;
NyKvkyf&efrvdkygu rdrdwdkY vufudkifxm;cGifh&&Sdaom *&ef aygufaNr,may:wGifrdrdwdkYBudKuf
ESpfouf&moD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;udk a&G;cs,fpdkufysdK;cGifh&&Sdap &rnf /
(c)
yk'rf cG(J u)ESin
hf n
D w
G af eorQumvywfv;kH pdu
k yf sKd ;xkwv
f yk f olwUkd \a&G; cs,f
pdkufysdK;rIudkrnfonfhtzGJUtpnf;vlyk*dKvfwdkYrS [efYwm;aESmuf,SufNcif;rNyK&/

yk'fr - 11 wpfOD;wnf;ydkif {&d,muefYowfxdef;csKyfNcif;


(u) vly*k Kd vw
f pfO;D wpfa,mufonf wdik ;f a'oBu;D (odrYk [kw)f Nynfe,fwpfck twGi;f wGif
rdrd ydkifqdkif rItaeNzifh rnfonfhaNrtrsdK;tpm;rqdk pkpkaygif; {&d,m {u
(5000) xufydkrdk ydkifqdkifcGifhr&Sdap& /
(c)
vly*k Kd vw
f pfO;D wpfa,mufonf Nynfaxmifpek ,faNr twGi;f wGif rdryd ikd q
f ikd f rI
taeNzifh rnfonfah NrtrsKd ; tpm; rqdk pkpak ygi;f {&d,m {u (10000)xuf
ydkrdk ydkifqdkifcGifhr&Sdap&/
(*)
trsm;qdik u
f rk P
rD sm;qdik &f m pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm; ESit
hf nDay:ayguf vkyu
f ikd o
f nfh
trsm; qdik u
f rk P
w
D pfco
k nfwikd ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf Nynfe,f wpfct
k wGi;f
wGifukrPDydkif qdkifrItaeNzifh rnfonfhaNrtrsdK; tpm;rqdkpkpkaygif;{&d,m{u
( 50000 )xufydkrdk ydkifqdkifcGifhr&Sdap& /
(C) trsm;qdik u
f rk P
rD sm;qdik &f m pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm; ESit
hf nDay:ayguv
f yk u
f ikd o
f nfh
trsm;qdkifukrPDwpfckonf Nynfaxmifpke,faNr twGif;wGif ukrPDydkif qdkifrI
taeNzifh rnfonfah NrtrsKd ;tpm;rqdpk pk ak ygi;f {&d,m {u ( 1000000 ) xufyrkd kd
ydkifqdkifcGifhr&Sdap& /
rSwfcsuf/ aNr{&d,m tenf;trsm;udk qifNcifqHk;Nzwfyg&ef /

yk'fr - 12 Nynfaxmifpke,faNre,fpyfaNr,mpDrHcefYcGJNcif;
Edik if aH wmf\ tcsKyt
f NcmtmPmudk xdyg;apEdik af om e,fpyfa'o rsm;&Sd e,fNcm;rsO;f rS
(10) rdkiftwGif;&Sd aNr,mrsm;tm; vHk;twGuf Nynfaxmifpktpdk;&rS vdktyfovdk
pDrcH efcY cJG iG &hf adS p&rnf /
rSwcf suf / e,fpyfpnf;rsO;f rStuGmta0;tenf;trsm;udk qifNcifpOf;pm;yg&ef
yk'fr - 13 aNr,mbkwftzGJU - zGJUpnf;Ncif;
(u) Oya't&zGJUpnf;ay:aygufvmaom aNr,mbkwftzGJUudkatmufygtwdkif;
zGJUpnf;&rnf /
(1) &yf^aus; aNr,mbkwftzGJU
( 1 ^ 1 ) &yf^aus;aNr,mbkwftzGJUudkatmufygyk*dKvfrsm;ESifhzGJUpnf;&rnf /
- oufqikd &f m &yf^aus;twGi;f tenf;qH;k (5)ESpf aexdik cf o
hJ t
l &yfom; (15)
OD;
- oufqdkif&m &yf^aus; tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU rStzGJU0if (1) OD;
( 1 ^ 2 )&yf^aus;aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \wm0ef
- NrKd Ue,ftqifh aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ ukd ulnaD qmif&u
G &f ef
(2) NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU
( 2 ^ 1 ) NrdKYe,faNr,mbkwftzGJUudkatmufygyk*dKvfrsm;NzifhzGJUpnf;&rnf /
- NrdKUe,faNrpm&if;OD;pD;Xme tm;vHk; ( NrdKUe,ftiftm; ^ tm;vHk; )
- NrdKUe,f tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU0if (3) OD;
- NrdKUe,ftqifh w&m;olBuD; (1) OD;
- NrKd Ue,f pdu
k yf sKd ;a&;Xme ( tiftm; tm;vH;k )
- &yfaus;aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ 0iftm;vH;k
(2 ^ 1 )NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU\wm0ef
- NrdKUe,fwGif;&Sd aNr,mrsm;udk wdkif;wmNcif; ? Oya'yg yk'fr ( 7 ) ESifhtnD

aNrtrsdK;tpm;owfrSwfNcif; ?
- Oya'yg yk'fr 4 ESifhtnD aNr,m*&efxkwfay;Ncif;
- aNr,mvkyfudkifcGifh tNiif;yGg;qJtrItcif;rsm;udk tNyD;owfqHk;NzwfcsufcsNcif;
rSwcf suf tzGUJ 0ifta&twGuf udk awmawmif Nrpfacsmif; ae&ma'o tvdu
k f tenf;trsm;
qifNcif qHk;Nzwfyg&ef /
(3) wdkif;a'oBuD;odkUr[kwfNynfe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU
( 3 ^ 1 ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf Nynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ ukd atmufygy*k Kd vrf sm;
ESifhzGJU pnf;&rnf
- wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYNynfe,f aNrpm&if;OD;pD;Xme ( tiftm; tm;vHk; )
- wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwfNynfe,f v,f,mpdkufysdK;a&;ESifhqnfaNrmif;0efBuD;
- wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwfNynfe,f 0efBuD;csKyfrSoifhawmfonf[kowfrSwf
cefYtyfapvTwf aom yk*dKvf (5) OD;
( 3 ^2 ) wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwfNynfe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU\ vkyfief;wm0ef
- NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU\ vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk ppfaq;Ncif;
- NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU\ pDpOfqHk;Nzwfcsufrsm;udk twnfNyKay;Ncif;
- NrKd Ue,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \qH;k Nzwfcsuu
f kd Nyifqifcsuaf vQmufxm;aom
trItcif;rsm;udk ppfaq;qHk;NzwfNcif;
( 3 ^ 3 ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwNf ynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ tmPm
- wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf Nynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ tqH;k tNzwfonf
aemufqHk;tNyD; owftqHk;tNzwfNzpfap& rnf /
(4) aNr,mbkwftzGJUrsm;\oufwrf;
- aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ tm;vH;k \oufwrf;onf aNr,m*&efxw
k af y;aom

vkyfief;pOfrsm;NyD; Nywfaom Nynfe,ftvdkuf NyD;Nywfzsufodrf;ap&rnf /


- wdkif;a'oBuD; odkUr[kwf Nynfe,faNr,mbkwftzGJUrS rdrdwdkYvkyfief;pOfrsm;NyD;
qHk;aBumif;aBunmNyD;onfESifhwNydKifeuf aNr,mbkwftzGJUtqifhqifhudk
zsuo
f rd ;f &rnf /
- aNr,m*&efxkwfay;NyD;aemufydkif; aNr,mbkwftzGJUzsufodrf;NyD;rS ay:ayguf
vmaomaNr,mtNiif;yGg; rIrsm;udk Oya'ESifhtnD wdkufqdkifppfaq;NyD;
w&m;raBumif;t&om pD&ifqHk;Nzwfap&rnf /
yk'fr - 14 aNr,mtarGvTJaNymif;cGifhowfrSwfNyXmef;Ncif;
(u) Oya't& yk'fr (3) - yk'frcGJ (ps)^yk'frcGJ(n) wdkY ESifhudkufnDygu aNr,mudk
tarGqufccH iG &hf adS p&rnf /
(c)
Oya't& yk'fr (3) - yk'frcGJ (#) t& EdkifiHNcm;om;Nzpfygu aNr,mudk
tarGqufccH iG hf r&Sad p&rnf /
(*)
tNcm;a&TUaNymif;Edik af om ypn;f qdik &f mtarGccH iG hf Oya'rsm;u rnfoyYkd ifqakd pumrl
Oya't& yk'fr(3) yk'frcGJ
(X) t& tdraf xmifom;pkwiG yf g0ifaomfvnf; Edik if NH cm;om; tNzpf&yfwnfaeygu aNr,mudk
tarGqufccH iG rhf &Sad p& /
yk'fr - 15 NypfrI ESifh Nypf'Pfrsm;
Oya't& NyXmef;csufrsm;ESifhudkufnDrIr&Sdygu atmufygtwdkif; Nypf'Pf
owfrSwf& rnf /
(u) yk'fr (3) yk'frcGJ (p) t& aNr,mvkyfudkifcGifhtqifhudk txiftNrifvGJrSm; qHk;Nzwf
atmif yl;aygi;f yg0ifBupH nfou
l kd axmif'Pf (6)v odrYk [kwf aiG'Pf usyf 500000
odrYk [kwf Nypf'Pf ESp&f yfv;kH uscaH p&rnf /
(c)
yk'rf (3) yk'rf cGJ (p) t& aNr,mvkyu
f ikd cf iG t
hf qifu
h kd txiftNrifvrJG mS ; qH;k NzwfrI

(*)

(C)

(i)

(p)

ay:aygufygu epfemoltm;Nyefvnf vTJaNymif;ay;tyf&rnfNzpfNyD; epfemol


ray:aygufygu EdkifiHawmfu Nyefvnfodrf;qnf;NyD; avvHwifa&mif;cs&rnf /
Oya'yg yk'fr (6) t& EdkifiHawmfrS trsm;NynfoltusdK;twGuf Oya'ESifhtnD
xdu
k w
f efaomavsmaf Bu;ay;acsNy;D Nyefvnford ;f qnf; ae&mcsxm;Ncif;udk
[efw
Y m;aESmuf,u
S yf gu (6)vtxdaxmif'PfNzpfap aiGusyf 50000
xufrydkaom aiG'PfNzpfap Nypf'PfESpf&yfvHk;Nzpfap csrSwf&rnf /
Oya'yg yk'fr(8)ESifh rnDnGwfbJaNrtrsdK;tpm;aNymif;vJ oHk;pGJaBumif;ay:ayguf
ygu rlvaNrtrsdK;tpm;odkU Nyefvnfa&muf&Sdatmif (6)vtwGif; zefwD;NyKNyif
apNcif; odkUwnf;r[kwf aNr,mudkodrf;qnf;Ncif; Nypf'Pfudk csrSwf&rnf /
Oya' t& yk'rf (9)ESit
hf nD aNr,may:wiG f pdu
k yf sKd ;oD;ESv
H w
G v
f yfpmG
pdu
k yf sKd ;xkwv
f yk Nf cif;tm; wm;qD;aESmuf ,Su&f ef enf;vrf;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ;Nzifh
BuKd ;yrf;tm;xkwo
f u
l kd axmif'Pf (2) ESpu
f scaH p&rnf /
Oya'yg yk'fr (10) t& wpfOD;wnf;ydkif{&d,muefYowfxdef;csKyfNcif; udkazmuf
zsuu
f sL;vGeaf Bumif;ppfaq;awGU&ydS gu ausmv
f eG af om aNr{&d,mudk Edik if aH wmf
rSNyefvnf odrf;,l&rnf /

yk'fr - 16 t&if;tESD;aotNzpf&yfwnfaeaomaNr,mrsm;
qdkif&m NyXmef;csuf
(u) EdkifiHawmfrS pdkufysdK;arG;NrLNcif;qdkif&m odkYwnf;r[kwf aNr,mudktaBumif;NyK
ukex
f w
k f vkyif ef;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ; odUkwnf; r[kwf 0efaqmifrv
I yk if ef;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ; vkyu
f ikd &f ef&nf&,
G f
csuNf zifh tiSm;csxm;ay;aomfvnf; oufqikd &f m pdu
k yf sKd ;arG;NrL Ncif;qdik &f modw
Yk nf;r[kwf
aNr,mudt
k aBumif;NyK ukex
f w
k f vkyif ef;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ; odUk wnf; r[kwf 0efaqmifrv
I yk if ef;
wpfrsdK;rsdK; ay:aygufoufa&mufNcif;r&Sdaom aNr,mrsm; udk t&if; tESD;ao
aNr,mrsm;tNzpfowfrSwfonf /
(c)
aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ rt
S &if;tES;D aoaNr,mrsm;tNzpfppfaq;awGU&o
dS wfrw
S f xm;ygu
vkyfaqmiftaumiftxnf azmfEikd Nf cif; r&Sad om aNr,mrsm;tm;vH;k udk aomfvnf; aumif;?

wpfpw
d w
f pfyikd ;f udak omfvnf;aumif; wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwNf ynfe,f tpd;k &rS Nyefvnf
odrf;qnf;ap&rnf /
yk'fr - 17 zsufodrf;Ncif;
(u) 1953 ckEpS f v,f,maNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk af &;tufOya'tm; Oya'Nzifh y,fzsuv
f u
kd f
onf /
(c)
1963 ckESpf oD;pm;csxm;a&;Oya' udk Oya'Nzifhy,fzsufvdkufonf /

2011 ck ESpf aNr,mOya'Burf;wifoGif;&Ncif;\ &nf&G,fcsuf


1953 ckEpS ?f v,f,maNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk af &;tufOya' ESihf 1963 ckEpS f oD;pm;csxm;
a&;Oya'wdo
Yk nf qd&k ,
S v
f pfpepfNzifch sw
D ufcahJ om Edik if aH wmftwGuf oifah vsmcf ahJ yonf/
od k U a omf ,aeY t cg Ed k i f i H a wmf \ pD ; yG G g ;a&;pepf o nf aps;uG u f p D ; yG G g ;a&;
pepfNzpfonf[k 2008 ckEpS f zGUJ pnf;yHt
k aNccHOya' pmrsuEf mS -9-yk'rf - 35 wGit
f wdtvif;
azmfNyxm;onfukd 0rf;aNrmufz,
G af wGU&&dS ayonf /
&nf&G,fcsuf trSwfpOf (1)
odkYygaomaBumifh aps;uGufpD;yGg;a&; ESifhtnD awmifolv,form;rsm; rdrdwdkY
pdwfwdkif;us oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;udka&G;cs,fpdkufysdK;&eftwGuf 1953 ckESpf v,f,m
aNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk af &; Oya' yg yk'rf (38) udk y,fzsu&f efvt
kd yfvmygonf /
yk'fr(38) v,f,maNrudk toHk;csNcif; /
(1) Edik if aH wmforwonf a'owpfcw
k iG f oD;ESt
H rsKd ;tpm; wckcu
k kd pdu
k yf sKd ;Ncif;
Nzifah omf vnf;aumif;? a'owckcw
k iG f v,f,maNrudk owfrw
S x
f m; aom enf;vrf;twdik ;f
toHk;csNcif; Nzifhaomfvnf;aumif; EdkifiHawmftwGufNzpfap? awmifolv,form;rsm;
twGufNzpfap tusdK; NzpfxGef; aprnf[kxifNrif,lqvQif tqdkyg oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;udk
pdkufysdK;ap&efaomfvnf;aumif;? tqdkygenf;vrf; twdkif; v,f,maNrudktoHk;cs
ap&efaomfvnf;aumif; oifhawmfrnfxifNrif onfhtwdkif; aqmif&GufEdkifonf /
odkYwnf;r[kwfaqmif&GufapEdkifonf/

&nf&G,fcsuf trSwfpOf (2)


Edik if aH wmfonf pufrzI UHG NzKd ;a&; ? yk*v
u
d u@oefprG ;f a&; ? vlUtpGr;f tm;t&if;
tNrpf r sm; zG H U N zd K ; a&; ? tvk y f t ud k i f t cG i f h t vrf ; rsm; ay:ayguf a &;twG u f a&S U & I
vkyaf qmifaecsed v
f nf;Nzpfyg onf /
xdo
k nft
h cgor,rsKd ;wGif Edik if aH wmfwiG f pdu
k u
f iG ;f Bu;D rsm; ? pufreI ,faNrrsm; ?
trsm;qdik f ukrP
D vkyif ef;pkBu;D rsm; ay:ayguv
f mzdo
Yk nf tvGef ta&;Bu;D vSygayonf /
xdo
k Ukdaom vkyif ef;pkBu;D rsKd ;ay:ayguw
f nfaqmuf&ef aNrae&mrsm;vnf; csxm;ay;&ef
vdktyfygonf / EdkifiHawmftpdk;& ( Nynfaxmifpk tpdk;&taeNzifhaomfvnf;aumif;
wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf Nynfe,ftpd;k &rsm;taeNzifah omfvnf;aumif; ) tcuftcJawGaY paom
Oya'wpf&yfonf 1953 ckEpS f v,f,maNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk af &;tufOya'wGif atmufygtwdik ;f
yg0ifaeNyefygonf /
yk'fr (5) odrf;,lNcif;
xdkYtNyiftufOya't& v,f,maNrudk Nyefvnfodrf;,lNyD; onfhaemufwGif
tqdyk gv,f,maNray:wiG f Edik if aH wmf\ tcGit
hf a&;rSwyg; ? tNcm;rnfonfh tcGit
hf a&;rQ
yk'rf (10) wGif twdtvif;NyXmef;xm;onft
h wdik ;f rSwyg; ay:ayguo
f ufa&mufNcif;r&Sad p
&/

xdkUaBumifh Nynfaxmifpk tpd;k &taeNzifah omfvnf;aumif; wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf

Nynfe,ftpd;k &rsm;taeNzifah omfvnf;aumif;yk*v


u
d vkyif ef;Bu;D rsm;xGe;f um; ay:ayguf
a&;wGif taxmuftulrNyKEikd af wmh ay /
xdkYaBumifh 1953 ckESpfv,f,maNrEdkifiHydkifNyKvkyfa&;tufOya'udk Nyifqif
vdNk cif;Nzpfygonf /

&nf&G,fcsuf trSwfpOf (3)


xdkUtNyif awmifolv,form; rdom;pkrsm;taeNzifhvnf; rdrdwdkYv,f,maNrudk
Edik if aH wmfro
S rd ;f qnf;aomtcg xdkufwefaom avsmaf Bu;&,l&ef cufcaJ pygonf /
yk'fr(42) avsmfaBu;ay;Ncif;
(1) wnf q J t Ncm;Oya'wG i f rnf o d k Y y if y g&S d a pumrl tuf O ya'yg
tNcm;NyXmef;csufrsm;udk taxmuftxm;NyK yk'fr (5) t&Nzpfap ? yk'fr(9) yk'frcGJ(2)
>cif;csuf t&Nzpfap Edik if aH wmfu Nyefvnf odr;f ,laom v,f,m aNrtwGuf avsmaf Bu;udk
yk'frESifh Z,m;(2) ygNyXmef;csufrsm; ESifhtnDay;& rnf /
Z,m;(2) ygavsmfaBu; aBu;NzwfyHkrSm trsm;qH;k taeNzifh aNrcGeaf wmf\ wpfq,fEh pS q
f ESin
hf rD Qaom avsmaf Bu;omvsiNf zpfNy;D tenf;qH;k
taeNzifh aNrcGefawmf ESifhnDrQaom avsmfaBu; [l NyXmef;yg&Sdygonf / rSwfcsuf
aNrcGefawmfonf wpf{uvQif aiG usyf q,f*Pef;om&Sdygonf / Oyrm ( 12d^wpfq,fEh pS u
f syf )poNzifh
&nf&G,fcsuf trSwfpOf (4)
Edik if aH wmfu@rS vHak vmufaom trawmfaBu; xkwrf acs;Edik Nf cif; ? vHak vmuf
atmifxkwfacs; rnfqdkNyefvsifvnf; ESpfpOf usyfaiG odef;aygif; wpfq,fhav;oef;
140000000000d^- tenf;qH;k xkwaf cs;&rnfuo
hJ Ukd Nzpfay:apygonf /
yk*v
u
d aiG&iS rf sm;xHrS yHrk eS x
f uf Bu;D rm;aom twd;k EIe;f ESihf acs;iSm;aNz&Si;f Bu&av
onf / yHkrSefxuf twdk;EIef;BuD;rm;&Ncif;rSmvnf; w&m;0if taygifypnf;rJhNzifhom acs;iSm;
Bu&Ncif;onf udpwpfckNzpfygonf / v,f,maNrudkvnf; vufaNymif;vufvTJvkyfcGifh
r&&SdNcif;onf oufaocHrJh acs;iSm;pepfudkNzpfay:apygonf /

yk'fr(4) vTJaNymif;Ncif;udkwm;NrpfNcif;/
Oya't&NyKonfeh nf;Oya'rsm;ESihf rnDnw
G v
f Qif v,f,maNrudk aygiEf NHS cif; ?
a&mif;csNcif; tNcm;enf;Nzifh vTJaNymif;Ncif; odkYwnf;r[kwfcGJpdwfNcif;rNyK& /

&nf&G,fcsuf trSwfpOf (5)


ao;i,faom v,form;rdom;pkwdkYonf rdrdwdkY v,f,maNr {&d,may:wGif
rd o m;pk b 0 ud k w nf aqmuf x m;Buygonf / rd r d w d k Y touf a rG ; rI v k y f i ef ;
rdom;pkae&mtdrw
f pfxyfwnf; usaeNy;D v,f,maNr NyefEY UHS wnf&o
dS rQ rdom;pkrsm; NyefEY UHS
vdkufygwnf&SdaeBu&ygonf /
NyefYusJ aeaom vlaerIp&dkuf\ ynma&;?usef;rma&; apmifha&SmufrIrJhapNcif;
vlrt
I odik ;f t0ef;ESiu
hf if; NywfapNcif; wdUk ukd ukpm;&eftwGuf v,form;rdom;pkrsm;udk
tvkyfpcef; ESifh rdom;pkae&mtdrf uGJuGJNym;Nym;Nzpf&efvdktyfygonf /
xdkodkY uGJuGJNym;Nym;Nzpfwnfaeaom v,form;tao;pm; rdom;pkrsm;udk
trdefYtmPmESifh pkpnf;ygu EdkifiHawmfay: tNrifrBunfvifrIrsm;ay:aygufvmygvdrfhrnf /
xdkUaBumifh v,f,maNr aygifESHa&mif;cscGifh&Sdaeygu xdkufwefaom aps;uGuf
ayguaf ps; rsm;Nzifh xdkufwefpGma&mif;cs Nyefu
Y saJ eaom v,f,maNrrS pGecYf gG vmEdik Bf u
ygvdrfhrnf /
xdo
k nft
h csed t
f cgro
S mvsif tiftm;Bu;D rm;aom v,f,mvkyif ef;pkBu;D rsm;vnf;
Nyefvnfay:xeG ;f vmEdik Nf y;D Nyefu
Y saJ eaom v,form; rdom;pkrsm; tvkypf cef; ESihf rdom;pk
aetdru
f v
JG v
JG mNy;D vlrt
I odik ;f t0ef;xJNyefvnf0ifqhH vmEdik yf gvrd rhf nf /
&nf&G,fcsuf trSwfpOf (6)
pufrv
I ,f,mpD;yGg;a&;odUk OD;wnfpOf;pm;aomtcg pufrv
I ,f,m\ t*Fg&yfrsm;
Nzpfaom taNrmuftrsm;xkwv
f yk Nf cif;? tvkycf NJG cm;vkyu
f ikd Nf cif; ? pepfusaom pDrcH efcY rJG I
wdkYudk arG;xkwf&efvdktyfygonf /
ponfwu
Ykd kd ( [kr;f rdwf ) rdru
d ,
kd w
f ikd v
f yk af om ? tptqH;k udk rawmufwacguf
wwfodem;vnf&NyD; u@pHkruRrf;usifaom rd&dk;zvm v,f,mpD;yGg;a&;rScGJxGufrSom
NzpfxGef;vmayvdrfhrnf /
xdo
k cYkd x
JG u
G &f eftwGuf taNrmuftrsm; ydik q
f ikd Nf cif; ESihf twpfwpf trTm;rTm; ydik q
f ikd rf I
ESpfck\ pDrHcefYcGJEdkifpGrf;rwlaBumif;udk tav;*&kNyK&ayvdrfhrnf /

xdaYk Bumifh tifBu;D tm;Bu;D ESihf pdu


k yf sKd ;xkwv
f yk Ef ikd af om v,f,maNrrsm; ay:aygu&f ef
aNr*&efxkwfay;NyD; aNz&Sif;vQiftoifhawmfqHk;Nzpfygvdrfhrnf /

Oya'topfyg NyXmef;csufrsm;udk&Sif;vif;Ncif;
teD a &mifNzif
N zifh a zmf N yxm;csuf r sm;onf p um;&yf r sm;ES i f h
Oya'pum;rsm;\&nf&G,fcsufNzpfygonf /

(C) usL;ausmo
f l qdo
k nfrmS - 2008 ckEpS f zGUJ pnf;yHt
k aNccHOya'ESit
hf nD ay:ayguv
f maom
tpd;k &opf tmPmvTaJ Nymif;vufcNH cif;rNyKvyk &f ao;aomumvtxd yk'rf (3) yk'rf cGJ (u)
ygv,f,maNrt"dyg ,zf iG q
hf o
kd wfrw
S cf suEf iS t
hf nD ay:ayguaf eaom aNr,may:wiG f oufao
cH taxmuftxm; wpfrsKd ;rsKd ; r&Sb
d J usL;ausmaf exdik v
f yk u
f ikd f olukd qdv
k kd onf /
pum;&yf u d k xnf h o G i f ; &Ncif ; rS m - vuf & S d t aNctaewG i f opf a wm
aNrrsm;wG i f w&m;r0if wd k ; csJ U pd k u f y sd K ;xm;aom v,f , maNrrsm;&S d a eygonf /
xdkv,f,maNrrsm;onf trSefwu,fpdkufysdK; xkwfvkyfaeNyD; {&d,mtm;Nzifhvnf;
us,fNyefYvSygonf / Oyrm bdkuav;wpfNrdKUe,fxJwGif {u 100000 (wpfodef;)
cef&Sdaeygonf / xdkv,faNrrsm;udk *&efxkwfay;oifh^ roifh qifNcifyg7ef/
(i) wifu;l Bu&H ,
G o
f l qdo
k nfrmS - yk'rf (3) yk'rf cGJ (u) ygv,f,maNrt"dyg ,zf iG q
hf kd owfrw
S f
csuEf iS hf tnD ay:ayguaf eaom aNr,may:wiG f oufaocH taxmuftxm; wpfrsKd ;rsKd ;
r&SdbJ 2008 ckESpf zGJUpnf;yHktaNccHOya'ESifhtnD ay:aygufvmaom tpdk;&opf tmPm
vTaJ Nymif;vufcNH cif; NyKvyk Nf y;D aemufyikd ;f rS usL;ausmaf exdik v
f yk u
f ikd o
f u
l q
kd v
kd kd onf /
pum;&yf u d k x nf h o G i f ; &Ncif ; rS m usL;ausmf v ,f a Nrrsm; *&ef x k w f a y;
rnfqdkoNzifh &nf&G,fcsuf&Sd&dSusL;ausmfBuolrsm;udkwm;qD;&efNzpfygonf /
(p) yl;aygif;BuH&G,fol - qdkonfrSm Oya'tmPmrwnfrDumvwGifwnf&SdcJhaom
vkyu
f ikd cf iG t
hf qif(h vufiw
k f ? usL;ausmo
f l ?wifu;l Bu&H ,
G o
f )l paom taNctaersm;udk

NyKNyifaNymif;vJ&efMupH t
D m;xkwv
f yk af qmif&mwGif enf;vrf;wpfrsKd ;rsKd ;Nzifh yl;aygi;f yg0ifou
l kd
qdv
k o
kd nf /
pum;&yfudkxnfhoGif;&Ncif;rSm usL;ausmfolrsm;udk rormaomenf;Nzifh
ul n D o nf h tk y f c sKyf o l r sm; a'oqd k i f & mtzG J U t pnf ; rsm;ud k xd e f ; csKyf & ef Nzpf y g
onf /
&nfnTef;Oya'yk'fr (ykyk'fr 4 / *&efxkwfay;Ncif; /)
(u) yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ (c) yg vufikwfvkyfudkifolNzpfNyD; yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ(Z)^yk'frcGJ(ps)
wdEYk iS u
hf u
kd n
f o
D Nl zpfvsif Edik if aH wmftm; aNr*&eftodtrSwNf yK0efxrf;c tNzpf wpf{uvQif
usyf aiG 5000 ay;aqmifNyD; aNr,m*&ef&,lcGifh&Sdap&rnf /
(c) yk ' f r (3)-yk ' f r cG J (*) yg usL;ausmf o l N zpf N yD ; yk ' f r (3)-yk ' f r cG J ( Z)^yk ' f r cG J ( ps)
wdEYk iS u
hf u
kd n
f o
D Nl zpfvQif Edik if aH wmftm; aNr*&eftodtrSwNf yK0efxrf;c tNzpf wpf{uvQif
usyfaiG 20000 ay;aqmifNyD; aNr,m*&ef&,lcGifh&Sdap&rnf /
(*) yk'fr(3)-yk'frcGJ (C) yg wiful;BuH&G,faNr,m&,lolNzpfygu aNr,m*&ef&,lcGifhr&Sdap
&/
(#) Edik if NH cm;om;qdo
k nfrmS - vlrsKd ;udk taNccHcNJG cm;rnfr[kwb
f J Edik if NH cm;wdik ;f Nynfwpfcck \
k
Ed k i f i H o m;tod t rS w f N yKvuf r S w f u d k u d k i f a qmif q J N zpf N yD ; Nynf a xmif p k N ref r m
Edik if o
H m;todtrSwNf yK oufaocHu'fNym;udik af qmifciG rhf &So
d u
l q
kd v
kd o
kd nf /
pum;&yfudkxnfhoGif;&Ncif;rSm EdkifiHNcm;om;rsm;udk aNr,m*&efxkwfay;
&efroifh [k,lqaomaBumifhNzpfygonf /
(X) tdraf xmifp0k if Edik if NH cm;om; - qdo
k nfrmS NynfaxmifpNk refrmEdik if o
H m;todtrSwNf yK
oufaocHu'fNym;udik af qmifxm;Ncif;r&Sad omfvnf; NynfaxmifpNk refrmEdik if o
H m; todtrSwf
NyKouf a ocH v uf r S w f u d k i f a qmif x m;ol wpf O D ; OD ; \ ZeD ; ^vif ^ om;^orD ; ^
a,mur^om;ruf^acR;r- paom tNcm;Oya't& tarGqufcyH ikd cf iG hf &So
d w
l pfO;D OD; udq
k v
kd kd
onf /
pum;&yf u d k x nf h o G i f ; &Ncif ; rS m tarG q uf c H c G i f h u d k taBumif ; NyK
EdkifiHNcm;om;rsm; aNr,mvufudkifxm;cGifh&&Sdrnfudk wm;Nrpfvdkaom aBumifhNzpfyg
onf /

(!) aNr,m tarGqufccH iG &hf o


dS l qdo
k nfrmS - Oya't& aNr,mtarGqufccH iG &hf o
dS u
l kd
qdv
k kd onf /
pum;&yfudkxnfhoGif;&Ncif;rSm tNcm;aom a&TUaNymif;Edkifonfhypnf;rsm;
qdkif&m tarGqufcHcGifhESifh aNr,m tarGqufcHcGifhudk Ncm;em;vdkaom aBumifhNzpf
ygonf /
&nfnTef;yk'fr(yk'fr 14 / aNr,mtarGvTJaNymif;cGifhowfrSwfNyXmef;Ncif;)
(u) Oya't& yk'fr (3) - yk'frcGJ (ps)^yk'frcGJ(n) wdkY ESifhudkufnDygu aNr,mudk tarG
qufcHcGifh&Sdap&rnf /
(c) Oya't& yk'fr (3) - yk'frcGJ (#) t& EdkifiHNcm;om;Nzpfygu aNr,mudk tarGqufcHcGifh
r&Sd ap&rnf /
(*) tNcm;a&TUaNymif;Edik af om ypn;f qdik &f mtarGccH iG hf Oya'rsm;u rnfoyYkd ifqakd pumrlOya'
t& yk'fr(3) yk'frcGJ (X) t& tdrfaxmifom;pkwGifyg0ifaomfvnf; EdkifiHNcm;om;
tNzpf&yfwnfaeygu aNr,mudk tarGqufcHcGifhr&Sdap& /
yk'fr 7 / aNrtrsdK;tpm;owfrSwfNcif;
Oya't& aNr,m*&efxkwfay;&ef aNrNyiftaetxm;ESifh xkwfukeftvdkuf aNrtrsdK;
tpm;rsm; udk owfrSwfvdkuf
onf /
(u) aNrnDuGif;NyifoD;ESHtrsdK;pm;pdkufysdK;aNr (1)aNrnDuGif;NyifoD;ESHtrsdK;pm;pdkufysdK;aNr qdkonfrSm pyg;?yJtrsdK;rsdK;?*sHK?aNymif;?ESrf;?0g?BuH ESifh
tNrpfykyfaqG;vG,fNyD; oD;ESHxGuf&ef tBumqHk;tcsdefumvtm;Nzifh wpfESpfxufrydkaom
oD;ESHpdkufysdK;&maNrNzpfNcif; /
(2) tNyefu
Y s,u
f iG ;f NyifwiG f wpfqufwpfpyfwnf; uyfvQuf wnf&pdS u
kd yf sKd ;Edik af om oD;ESH
trsdK;tpm;pdkufysdK;&maNrNzpf Ncif; /
(3) a&eufuGif;ESifh ig;pyg;wGJpyfaNr NzpfNcif;
(c) aNrnDaNrom;ESifhqufpyfa&oG,faNrmif;toHk;NyKoD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;pdkufysdK;aNr
(1)oD ; ES H x G u f & ef tcsd e f u mvtenf ; qH k ; wpf E S p f N zpf N yD ; xyf r H p d k u f y sd K ;&ef r vd k b J

wpfESpfxufydkrdkNyD; qGwfcl;&dwfodrf;Edkifaom oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;pdkufysdK;aNr NzpfNcif; /


(2)aNrom;aNrabmifNyKvkyfNcif;NzifhaNrNyiftaetxm;udk umvwm&SnftwGuf NyKNyif
aNymif;vJNyD;pdkufysdK;&aom oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm;pdkufysdK;aNrNzpfNcif; /
Oya'a&;qGJNyXmef;&Ncif;rSm tem*wfwGif EdkifiHawmf\ t"dupm; eyf&dum
Nzpfaom pyg;pdkufysdK;aNrrsm;avQmhyg;oGm;Ncif;rNzpf&ef&nf&G,fonf /
pdkufysdK;a&;&IaxmifhrSBunfhvQif oD;ESHtr,fwpfrsdK;ESifhwpfrsdK; ul;aNymif;
pdkufysdK; &mwGif Nyefvnf ul;aNymif;pdkufysdK;EdkifpGrf; r&SdatmifaNrNyif taetxm;
NyKNyifaNymif;vJ &rIudk owdNyKEdkif&ef&nf&G,fygonf /
aps;uGufEIef;pHbufrSBunfh&IvQif vGwfvyfpGmul;aNymif;pdkufysdK;Edkif&rnfNzpf
onf / xdkUaBumifh aNrNyiftaetxm;raNymif;bJ tNyeftvSef ul;aNymif; (aNymif;vJ)
pdkufysdK;Edkifaom oD;ESHrsm;udk aNymif;vJpdkufysdK;cGifhudk tmrcHaomOya' NyXmef;
ay;&Ncif ;Nzpfygonf /
pdkufysdK;a&;&IaxmifhrSyif aNrNyiftaetxm;raNymif;vJbJ oD;ESHaNymif;vJ
pdkufysdK; ygu ydkrdkNzpfxGef;onfudkvnf;owdcsyf&ygrnf / (aNrBoZmaumif;)
aNrNyiftaetxm; vHk;0aNymif;vJo Gm ;NyD; oD;ESHtrsdK;tpm; tNyef t vS e f
ul ; aNymif ; pd k u f y sd K ; Ed k i f a cs r&S d a om oD ; ES H u l ; aNymif ; pd k u f y sd K ;Ncif ; ud k Nynf e ,f
vTwfawmfrS qHk;NzwfEdkif&ef Oya'owfrSwfay; &Ncif;Nzpfygonf / (vdktyfcJhvQif)
yk'fr 13 / aNr,mbkwftzGJU zGJUpnf;Ncif;
(u) Oya't&zGJUpnf;ay:aygufvmaom aNr,mbkwftzGJUudkatmufygtwdkif; zGJUpnf;&
rnf /
(1) &yf^aus; aNr,mbkwftzGJU
( 1 ^ 1 ) &yf^aus;aNr,mbkwftzGJUudkatmufygyk*dKvfrsm;ESifhzGJUpnf;&rnf /
- oufqikd &f m &yf^aus;twGi;f tenf;qH;k (5)ESpf aexdik cf o
hJ t
l &yfom; (15) OD;

- oufqdkif&m &yf^aus; tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU rStzGJU0if (1) OD;


( 1 ^ 2 )&yf^aus;aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \wm0ef
- NrKd Ue,ftqifh aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ ukd ulnaD qmif&u
G &f ef
(2) NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU
( 2 ^ 1 ) NrdKYe,faNr,mbkwftzGJUudkatmufygyk*dKvfrsm;NzifhzGJUpnf;&rnf /
- NrdKUe,faNrpm&if;OD;pD;Xme tm;vHk; ( NrdKUe,ftiftm; ^ tm;vHk; )
- NrdKUe,f tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU0if (3) OD;
- NrdKUe,ftqifh w&m;olBuD; (1) OD;
- NrKd Ue,f pdu
k yf sKd ;a&;Xme ( tiftm; tm;vH;k )
- &yfaus;aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ 0iftm;vH;k
(2 ^ 1 )NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU\wm0ef
- NrdKUe,fwGif;&Sd aNr,mrsm;udk wdkif;wmNcif; ? Oya'yg yk'fr ( 7 ) ESifhtnD
aNrtrsdK;tpm;owfrSwfNcif; ?
- Oya'yg yk'fr 4 ESifhtnD aNr,m*&efxkwfay;Ncif;
- aNr,mvkyu
f ikd cf iG hf tNiif;yGg;qJtrItcif;rsm;udk tNy;D owfq;kH Nzwfcsucf sNcif; /
rSwcf suf tzGUJ 0ifta&twGuf udk awmawmif Nrpfacsmif; ae&ma'o tvdu
k f tenf;trsm;
qifNcif qHk;Nzwfyg&ef /
Oya'onf Ed k i f i H E S i f h t 0S e f ; *&ef x k w f a y;aomtcg cuf c J & I y f a xG ;
rsm;Nym;aom vk y f i ef ; pOf rsm;ud k txl ; tzG J U Nzif h aNz&S i f ; aqmif & ef &nf & G , f
ygonf /
(3) wdkif;a'oBuD;odkUr[kwfNynfe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU
( 3 ^ 1 ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf Nynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ ukd atmufygy*k Kd vrf sm;ESizhf UJG
pnf;&rnf
- wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYNynfe,f aNrpm&if;OD;pD;Xme ( tiftm; tm;vHk; )

- wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwfNynfe,f v,f,mpdkufysdK;a&;ESifhqnfaNrmif;0efBuD;
- wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwNf ynfe,f 0efBu;D csKyrf o
S ifah wmfonf[o
k wfrw
S f ceft
Y yfapvTwf
aom yk*dKvf (5) OD;
( 3 ^2 ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwNf ynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ vkyif ef;wm0ef
- NrKd Ue,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ vkyif ef;pOfrsm;udk ppfaq;Ncif;
- NrdKUe,faNr,mbkwftzGJU\ pDpOfqHk;Nzwfcsufrsm;udk twnfNyKay;Ncif;
- NrKd Ue,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \qH;k Nzwfcsuu
f kd Nyifqifcsuaf vQmufxm;aom trItcif;rsm;udk
ppfaq;qHk;NzwfNcif;
( 3 ^ 3 ) wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwNf ynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ tmPm
- wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf Nynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ \ tqH;k tNzwfonf aemufq;kH tNy;D
owftqH;k tNzwfNzpfap&rnf /
(4) aNr,mbkwftzGJUrsm;\oufwrf;
- aNr,mbk w f t zG J U tm;vH k ; \ouf w rf ; onf aNr,m*&ef x k w f a y;aom
vkyif ef;pOfrsm;Ny;D Nywfaom Nynfe,ftvdu
k f
Ny;D Nywfzsuo
f rd ;f ap&rnf /
- wdik ;f a'oBu;D odUk r[kwf Nynfe,faNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ rS rdrw
d v
Ykd yk if ef;pOfrsm;Ny;D qH;k aBumif;
aBunmNy;D onfEiS w
hf NyKd ief uf aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ tqifq
h ifu
h zkd suo
f rd ;f &rnf /
- aNr,m*&efxw
k af y;Ny;D aemufyikd ;f aNr,mbkwt
f zGUJ zsuo
f rd ;f Ny;D rSay:ayguv
f maom aNr,m
tNiif;yGg; rIrsm;udk Oya'ESifhtnD
wd k u f q d k i f p pf a q;NyD ; w&m;raBumif ; t&om
pD&ifqHk;Nzwfap&rnf /
aNr,mbk w f t zG J U \ ouf w rf ; onf umvwd k t Nzpf owf r S w f & onf r S m (
ta&;ay:pD r H c ef Y c G J r I atmuf w G i f xm;&onf r S m ) w&m;pD & if a &;r@d K if w G i f
ESpfrsdK;uGJvGJqHk;NzwfywfoufrIudka&Smif&Sm; &efNzpfygonf / ( &nf&G,fcsufNyD;\ )

bmhaBumifhtapmqHk;Nyif&rvJ
uREf k y f w d k Y y gwD o nf awmif o l v ,f o rm;rsm;ud k taNccH z G J U p nf ; xm;oNzif h
aNr,may:vpD awG a NymaewmNzpf o nf [ k Nrif o l a wG u Nrif r nf /trS e f u
ygwDacgif;aqmifydkif;rSm tif*sifeD,meJU acwfynmwwfawGygonf / Oya'ynm&SifawGyg
onf / awmifolv,form;ta&;[laom vlwef;pm;wpf&yfudk taNccHpOf;pm;aeaom
ygwrD [kwf / aNr,may:vpDawGonf awmifol v,form;ta&;oufoufr[kwaf Bumif;
atmufwGifNyqdkrnf /
(1)

aNr,may:vpD
aNr,may:vpDonf &IyfaxG;onf / em;vnf&cufcJonf[k tcsdKUuaNymBu
onf / Edik if aH Nymif;vJa&;awGvyk &f mrSm aemufq;kH rS vkyBf uonf[Nk rifonf / uREykf w
f EYkd iS hf
tNrifuGJavonf / uREfkyfwdkYEdkifiHonf aNr,may:vpDrNyiforQ EdkifiH acwfrDzGHUNzdK;
wd;k wufzaYkd ESmifah ES;rnf /
(2)
pufrIzGHUNzdK;a&; eJU aNr,may:vpD
tquftpyf&Sdavonf / puf&Hktvkyf&HkawG b,fay:rSmwnfaqmufBurnf
enf ; / aNrBuD ; ay:rS m omwnf aqmuf B u&ygrnf / xd k a NrBuD ; ay:wG i f b,f v d k
ydkifqdkifrItrsdK;tpm; oufaocHrI trsdK;tpm;wdkYNzifh pmcsKyfcsKyfqdkwnf aqmufBuygrnf
enf; / aNr,may:vpDvdktyfavonf / b,fvdkaNr,may:vpD&SdrS puf&Hktvkyf&Hkwnf
aqmuf&ef vG,fulrnfenf; / pufrIu@udk qGJaqmifEdkifrnfenf; /
(3)
&if;ESD;NrKyfESHrI eJU aNr,may:vpD
NynfwiG ;f Nynfy &if;ES;D NrKyEf rHS aI wGvt
kd yfaom 'DaeYacwfwiG f aNr,may:vpDu pum;
aNymvmonf / vkyv
f yk f ^aNy;aNy; ^ tifzmpwmcsm (taqmuftOD; ^enf;ynm ) bmrQrusef
&pfEikd af om o,HZmw xkwv
f yk af &;ESihf qdik o
f nfh &if;ES;D NrKyEf rHS I r[kwb
f J a&&Snf &if;ES;D xm;
NrKyfESHxm;NyD; vlUpGrf;tm;t&if;tNrpfawG tvkyftudkif zefwD;EdkifrIawG azmfxkwfEdkifrnfh

&if;ESD;NrKyfESHrI vkyfzdkY aNrBuD;ay:rSmomtaNccs&rnf / aNr,m&,lcGifh^ oHk;pGJcGifh ^


tcGeftcaumufcHrI^ ydkifqdkifcGifh^ iSm;&rf;cGifh ^tmrcHrI ^ vTJaNymif;rI pwmawGonf
&if;ESD;NrKyfESH&efoifhawmfaom taNctaeNzpf& rnf / odkUqdkvQif aNr,may:vpDonf
NynfwGif;Nynfy &if;ESD;NrKyfESHrIESifhvnf; qufpyfavonf /
(4)
aNr,may:vpDonf v,form;ta&;oufoufr[kwf
v,form;awG v,fvkyfzdkYomr[kwf v,form;awGv,f,maNruxGufcGgzdkU
txufu azmfNycJhaom EdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufzdkY / vrf;azmufwHwm;aqmuf ?
aq;&Hk ? ausmif;aqmuf trsKd ;om;ydik u
f @ pwmawGvyk zf Ykd v,form; aNrawGord ;f
aumif;odrf;&rnf / odrf;vnf; odrf;aeonf / b,fay:vpDESifh odrf;rnf enf; /
b,fay:vpDESifhavsmfrnfenf; /v,form;ta&; oufoufomr[kwf tNcm;u@
awGtwGuf aNr,may:vpDonf ueOD;vky&f ayvdrrhf nf /
(5)
ynma&; eJU aNr,may:vpD
awm&GmawGrSm vlawGNyefYusJaeBuonf / awmwpftdrfawmifwpftdrfNzpf
onf / 'gawG u d k Nyef p k z d k Y r vk y f E d k i f b J xd k o l a wG r d o m;pk & J U ynma&;ud k b,f o l r Q
vdu
k v
f q
H ,fwifEikd rf nfr[kwf / 'Dvv
kd al erINyefu
Y saJ ewmudk pkzYkd aNr,may:vpDeUJ qdik af Bumif;
EdkifiHa&;tzGifhpmtkyfrSm&Sif;cJhNyD; ay:NyLvme,l;*sme,frSm NyefYusJNzpfpOfqdkNyD; aqmif;yg;a&;
cJhNyD;Nzpfavonf /
(6)
usef ; rma&;eJ U a Nr,may:vpD
xdUk twlwyl ifNzpfavonf / aemufqufwJG vlrt
I odik ;f t0ef;ESiu
hf if;NywfwahJ &m*gyg
uk&ef aNr,may:vpDu wwfEdkifavonf / ( EdkifiHa&;tzGifhpmtkyfrSm&Sif;cJhNyD; )
(7)
vrf;yrf;qufoG,fa&; eJU aNr,may:vpD
ukefxkwfvkyfa&;eJU vrf;yrf;qufoG,fa&; wdkuf&dkufywfoufavonf /
vrf;azmufzYkd awmawmifv,faNrawGukd xd&rnf / b,fvakd y:vpDEiS hf wdx
Yk rd nfenf; /
(8)
Ed k i f i H a wmf e J U a Nr,may:vpD
trsdK;om;tusdK;pD;yGg;udkBunfhzdkYaNrBuD;ay:rSm rSDwif;aexdkifoludkBunfh&wmNzpf
onf / a'ocH vlrsKd ; EG,&f if; awGtwGuf Bunf&h wmNzpfonf / xdo
k al wG rSw
D if;aexdik f

aomaNrBuD ; onf xd k o l a wG t wG u f N zpf a p&rnf Nzpf o uJ h o d k U xd k o l a wG u d k , f w d k i f


toH;k rcsEikd af om 'ufavmh rNzpfap &yg / xdt
Yk NyifEikd if aH wmfvNkH cKH a&;wGif pm;eyf&u
d m onf
u@wpfct
k Nzpfygaeaom ,aeYacwfwiG f tpm;taomufrsm; (qdv
k o
kd nfrmS zk'f rsm; )
tom;ig;ESihf oD;ESw
H u
Ykd kd puf&rkH S &du
k rf xkwEf ikd af o;orQ aNrBu;D udk tm;ud;k &av onf /
xdkrQavmufta&;BuD;onfh EdkifiHawmfvHkNcHKa&;u@Nzpfonfh aNr,may:vpD /
(9)
tpd k ; &yd w f r d N cif ;
aNr,may:vpD\toD;wpfck qdBk uygpUkd 1953 v,f,maNrEdik if yH ikd Nf yKvyk Nf cif; Oya'
yk'fr (5) odrf;,lNcif; wGif - - - - - - - - xd k Y t Nyif tuf O ya't& v,f , m aNrud k Nyef v nf o d r f ; ,l N yD ; onf h a emuf w G i f
tqdyk gv,f,maNray:wiG f Edik if aH wmf\ tcGit
hf a&; rSwyg; ? tNcm;rnfonfh tcGit
hf a&;rQ
yk'rf (10) wGif twdtvif;NyXmef;xm;onft
h wdik ;f rSwyg; ay:ayguo
f ufa&mufNcif; r&Sad p&
xdkUaBumifh Nynfaxmifpk tpd;k &taeNzifah omfvnf;aumif; wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf
Nynfe,ftpd;k &rsm; taeNzifah omfvnf;aumif;yk*v
u
d vkyif ef;Bu;D rsm;xGe;f um; ay:ayguf
a&;wGif taxmuftulrNyKEikd af wmhay /
poNzifh ta&;Bu;D aom aNr,may:vpDukd ueOD;rvkyEf ikd af o;orQ Edik if zH UHG NzKd ;a&;
twGuf aESmifah ES;aeayvdrOhf ;D rnf /
aemufq;kH rS vkyrf nf[q
k v
kd Qif ,ck aemufq;kH tcdsef Nzpfaeygonf[k axmufNyvdyk g
awmhownf; /

ed*Hk;
aZurmukrPD ESifh a&TeYHomv,form;rsm;
Nyem udk ed*Hk;csKyf&aomf
bufrvdu
k f t*wduif;uif;&Si;f &Si;f Nzifh t&Snu
f kd arQmaf wG;Ny;D w&mrQwpGm
taNzxkwfay;zdkYvdkaeygao;aBumif;
eo - 068
rwluGJNym;Ncif; ESifhNidrf;csrf;a&;ygwD

rwluGJNym;Ncif; ESifhNidrf;csrf;a&;ygwD
XmecsKyv
f yk if ef;tzGUJ rS NzefaY 0onf
zkef; 098610719
&ufpJG 30 . 6 . 2011

quf o G , f & ef
OuX
'k - OuX(1)
taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;
wGb
J uftaxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL;
XmecsKyv
f yk if ef;tzGUJ nEd ikd ;f aqmif&u
G af &;rSL;

tD;ar;

bavmh*f

OD;aersKd ;a0
a':pEmOD;
OD;wifarmifat;
a':rrD aD t;
OD;vSNrifh

- 098610719
- 098596023
- 01243633
- 0973150081
- 098590781

peace.and.diversity.party@gmail.com,
memeyinmaung@gmail.com,
utinmgaye@gmail.com,
naymyowai@gmail.com,
http://www.sites.google.com/site/naymyowai/
http://www.pdpmyanmar.co.cc/

You might also like