LAB MANUAL

EE 2305 ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB II

EX.NO.1. LOAD TEST ON 3-PHASE CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM :
To determine the performance characteristics of 3-phase squirrel cage induction
motor by direct loading.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SI NO APPARATUS REQUIRED TYPE RANGE QUANTITY
NAME PLATE DETAILS :
FUSE RATING CALCULATION :
125% of rated current.
No-load test - 25% of rated current.
THEORY :
The load test on 3-phase induction motor is performed to obtain its various characteristics
including efficiency. A belt and brake drum arrangement as shown in the circuit diagram
can load the motor. If S1 and S
2
are the tensions provided at the two sides of the belt, then
the load torque is given by
T = (S1 - S
2
) * 9.81 * R N-m.
Where R is the radius of the brake drum in metre. The mechanical output of the motor is
given by
Pm = 2 * 3.14 * N * T Watt
60
Where N is the speed of the motor in RPM. The power input to the motor
Pi = V
L
I
L
watt
The efficiency of the motor is given by
Efficiency = P
m
/ P
i
FORMULA :
Torque,
T = (S1 S2) * 9.81 * r (Nm)
Input power
(Pi) = (W1 + W2) (Watt)
Output power
(Po) = 2 H NT / 60 (Watt)
Efficiency
n = Po X 100
Pi
Cos o = W/(3
1/2
V
L
I
L
)
Slip = (Ns N) / Ns *100
PRECAUTION:
1. TPST switch should be at open position.
2. 3-phase autotransformer should be at minimum voltage position.
3. There should be no-load at the time of starting(Loosen the belt on the brake drum)
4. Brake drum should be filled with water.
PROCEDURE:
1. The connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Power supply is obtained from the control panel.
3. The TPST switch is closed.
4. Rated voltage of 3-phase induction motor, is applied by adjusting autotransformer
5. The initial readings of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter are noted.
6. By increasing the load step by step, the reading of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter
7. Step1 to 6 is repeated till the ammeter shows the rated current of 3-phase induction
motor.
8. Decrease the load, bring auto-transformer to its minimum voltage position.
9. Switch off the supply.
( 0 600)V,MI
STATOR
T
P
S
T
415V,50Hz,
3 SUPPLY
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
LOAD TEST ON THREE PHASE SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR:

M L R
R C V



Y

B

Y

M L

C V
N
Fuse
S
ROT-
-OR
V
S
1
S
2
BRAKE
DRUM
OBSERVATION TABLE :
S.N
O
V (volt) I (A) Speed
(rpm)
Spring Balance
S1(K
g
) S2(K
g
)
Torque
=((S
1
S
2
) *
9.81 * R)
N-m
I/P
(V*I
L
)
watt
O/P
2 H NT
60
(watt)
Efficiency =
Output Power
Input Power
100
%n
%
slip
RESULT :
VIVA QUESTIONS :
1.Explain what is meant by a 3-phase induction motor?
2.Write the classification of 3-phase induction motor?
3.State the steps to draw the equivalent circuit of 3-phase induction motor?
4.State the condition for maximum torque of 3-phase induction motor?
5.Give the different methods of speed control of I.M.
6.How do you calculate slip speed?
7.State the condition when induction motor acts as induction generator?
8.Give the other name for induction generator?
EX.NO.2.NO LOAD AND BLOCKED ROTOR TEST ON 3 SQUIRREL CAGE
INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM
To conduct no load test and blocked rotor test on given 3u squirrel cage induction
motor and to draw the circle diagram..
APPARATUS REQUIRED
S.No APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
FORMLULAE
Cosu
o
=W
o
/ 3 V
o
I
o
Cosu
r
=W
br
/ 3 V
br
I
br
I
bm
= I
br
(V
o
/V
br
)
W
bm
= W
br
(V
o
/V
br
)
2
Stator copper loss = 3 I
br
2
R
s
PRECAUTION
1. The 3u autotransformer should be kept at initial position.
2. Initially the machine should be under no load condition.
PROCEDURE
NO LOAD TEST
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. 3u AC supply is increased gradually using 3u autotransformer till rated voltage
is applied.
3. Readings of voltmeter and wattmeter are noted.
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram and rotor is blocked from
rotating.
2. Applied voltage is increased until rated load current flows.
3. Readings of all meters are noted.
MEASUREMENT OF STATOR RESISTANCE
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Supply is given by closing the DPST switch.
3. Readings of voltmeter and ammeter are noted.
4. Stator resistance in ohms is calculated as
R
a/phase
= (Vx1.5) /2I
PROCEDURE FOR CONSTRUCTING THE CIRCLE
1. Vector OO is drawn at an angle of phase with respect to OY represents the
output line.
2. OX is drawn parallel to OX.
3. Vector OA is I
br
plotted at an angle of phasor with respect to OY. OA is joined
which represents the output line.
4. A perpendicular bisector from output line which cuts OY at C. With C as centre
and OC as radius draw a semi-circle passing through A.
5. From A, a perpendicular is drawn meeting OX at E and OD at D.
6. AD represents W
br
in CM.
EF represents stator copper loss in CM.
AD represents rotor copper loss in CM.
7. Join OF which represents the torque line.
8. Line AD is extended and points S is marked, where AS is equal to rated output
power.
9. Line PS is drawn parallel to output line.
10. From P, perpendicular line is drawn meeting OX at y.
11. Join OP.
MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETER AT FULL LOAD
Stator current = OP x X
% = (PQ/PV)x 100
%Slip = (QR/PR)x 100
Torque = (PRxV/(2NT/60))
Pf = PV/OP
MAXIMUMOUTPUT
( 0 600)V,MI
STATOR
T
P
S
T
415V,50Hz,
3 SUPPLY
The perpendicular at OA line cuts the circle at P and OA at PQ.
Maximum output = P
1
Q
1
x power scale (W)
MAXIMUM TORQUE
The perpendicular bisector of line cuts the circle at PR and OF at Q
2
.
Maximum torque = (PFx power scale)/T Nm
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
NO LOAD AND BLOCKED ROTOR TEST ON THREE PHASE SQUIRREL CAGE
INDUCTION MOTOR:

M L R
R C V



Y

B

Y

M L

C V
N
Fuse
ROT-
-OR
V
S
1
S
2
BRAKE
DRUM
FUSE RATING CALCULATION:
125% of full load current rating
NAME PLATE DETAILS:
NO LOAD TEST
S.No V
o
(V) I
o
(A) W
o
(W) W
o
=(W
1
+W
2
)
W W
1
W
2
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST
S.No V
o
(V) I
o
(A) W
o
(W) W
o
=(W
1
+W
2
)
W W
1
W
2
MEASUREMENT OF STATOR RESISTANCE
S.No Voltage (V) Current (A) R
s
= (Vx1.5) /2I
RESULT:
EX.NO.3 NO LOAD AND BLOCKED ROTOR TEST ON 1-PHASE INDUCTION
MOTOR
AIM :
To obtain the equivalent circuit of the given 1-phase induction motor by no-load test and
blocked rotor test.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SI NO APPARATUS REQUIRED TYPE RANGE QUANTITY
NAME PLATE DETAILS :
FUSE RATING CALCULATION :
Blocked rotor test -> 125% of rater current.
No-load test -> 25% of rater current.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
NO-LOAD TEST :
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST :
FORMULA :
NO-LOAD TEST :
Wo = VoIo Cos C
0
Where, Cos C
0
= Wo / VoIo
Iw = Io *Cos C
0
Iu = Io *Sin C
0
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST :
Z
01
= Vsc / Isc
R
01
= Wsc / Isc
2
X
01
= [Z
02
2
- R
02
2
]
1/2
Xm = [Zm
2
- Rm
2
]
1/2
; R
2
= R
01
Rm || Rs
Xs = [Zs
2
- Rs
2
]
1/2
; X
2
= X
01
[Xm || (Xs-Xc)]
NO-LOAD TEST :
PRECAUTION :
DPST switch should be at open position.
2. Auto transformer should be at minimum position.
PROCEDURE :
The connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
Get the power supply from the control panel.
Close the DPST switch.
Adjust the auto-transformer to the rated voltage of 1-phase induction motor.
Note the readings of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter.
Bring auto-transformer to minimum voltage position. Switch of the supply.
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST :
PRECAUTION :
Keep the DPST switch in open position.
Auto- transformer should be at minimum position.
Before switching on the supply, some load is applied in the brake drum, so that rotor does
not rotate.
PROCEDURE :
Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
Get the power supply from the control panel.
Close the DPST switch.
Auto transformer is adjusted to rated current of 1-phase induction motor.
Readings of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter are noted down.
Bring auto-transformer to its minimum voltage position and switch off the supply, after
removing the load.
OBSERVATION TABLE
NO-LOAD TEST :
SI
NO
Voltage
(volt)
Io
(Amp)

Wo (Watt)
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST :
SI
NO
Voltage
(volt)
Io
(Amp)

Wo (Watt)
RESULT :
VIVA QUESTIONS :
What is a 1-phase induction motor?
Write the classification of 1-phase induction motor?
Why do we draw the equivalent circuit of 1-phase induction motor?
What is double-field revolving theory?
Why 1-phase induction, motor is not self starting?
EX.NO.4. REGULATION OF 3 ALTERNATOR BY ZPF METHOD
AIM
To predetermine the regulation of a given 3u alternator at full load condition and
different power by ZPF method.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
S.No APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
PRECAUTIONS
1. Motor field rheostat should be kept at minimum resistance position.
2. Alternator field rheostat should be kept at maximum resistance position.
PROCEDURE
OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Supply is given by closing the DPST switch.
3. DC motor is started and brought to rated speed by adjusting rheostat.
4. Keeping the TPST open, alternator field rheostat is energized.
5. By varying alternator field rheostat, the field (I
f
) current is varied in steps, and E
o
(internal emf ) is noted.
6. Above procedure is noted till 125% of rated voltage.
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
1. TPST switch is closed.
2. By varying alternator field rheostat, the field current, (I
f
) is varied in steps and
corresponding short current (I
sc
) is noted.
3. Above procedure is repeated till rated current is reached.
ZPF TEST
1. DC motor is run at rated speed by adjusting motor field rheostat.
2. 3u ZPF load is connected to alternator by closing TPST switch.
3. By alternatively varying field rheostat, ZPF load, alternator is made to deliver
rated current. Readings are noted.
DRAWING ZPF CURVE
1. OCC is drawn.
2. Point A is located such that OA gives I
f
corresponding to I
rated
. Under short circuit
test.
3. Point B is located such that it gives I
f
to voltage from ZPF test.
4. Points A and B joined by curve parallel to OC called ZPF curve.
5. From the curve, ZPF curve is extended.
6. From H, HD is drawn parallel to OCC line.
7. From B, BH is drawn parallel and equal to OA.
8. Point D is point to B and BHD is tangent is obtained.
D
P
S
T
D
P
S
T
1000 ,1.5 A
9. From D, perpendicular to BH at E is drawn.
10. DE gives I
a
X
L
. BE gives I
f
necessary to overcome demagnetizing effect of
armature resistance. EH gives I
f
necessary for balancing armature leakage
reactance drop DE.
11. Internal emf, E
1
is calculated as
E
1
= ((V
ph
cos + Ia Ra)
2
+ (V
ph
sin + I
a
X
L
)
2
)
+ for lagging pf and
- for leading pf.
12. Find I
f1
corresponding E
1
from OCC.
13. I
f2
is field current, required to overcome armature reaction (BE)
14. I
f
= (I
f1
2
+I
f2
2
-2I
f1
I
f2
cos(90)) + for lagging pf and
- for leading pf.
15. From internal emf E
1
, a horizontal line is drawn cutting the OCC.
16. The regulation is calculated as
% regulation = ((Eo Vph)/ Vph)x100.
ZPF TEST ON THREE PHASE ALTERNATOR:
A R

M L
A
1
N
F
1`

F
1


A
2

Y

B



F
2
F
1
F
2

Fus
Neutral
Fus
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
STATO
RR
ROTO
R ( 0 2 ) A ,
MC
( 0
300)V,MI
700

3 point
starter
(0 10) A,
300V,10A,U
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
A
L F A
M
V
A
I
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
E
L
O
A
D
D
P
S
T
D
P
S
T
( 0 10) A,MI
700
1.5 A
1000 ,1.5 A
3 point starter
FUSE RATING CALCULATION:
125% of the full load current rating.
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST ON THREE PHASE ALTERNATOR:
R
A
1

F
1`
F
1
N

A
2


B


F
2
F
1
F
2


Y

Fuse
Neutral link
( 0 2 ) A , MC
Neutral
Fus
L F A
M
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
A
STATO
R
ROTO
R
A
FUSE RATING CALCULATION:
125% of the full load current rating.
RESULT
EX.NO.5. REGULATION OF 3 ALTERNATOR BY ASA METHOD
AIM
To predetermine the regulation of a given 3u alternator at full load condition and
different power by ASA method.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
S.No APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
PRECAUTIONS
3. Motor field rheostat should be kept at minimum resistance position.
4. Alternator field rheostat should be kept at maximum resistance position.
PROCEDURE
OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
7. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
8. Supply is given by closing the DPST switch.
9. DC motor is started and brought to rated speed by adjusting rheostat.
10. Keeping the TPST open, alternator field rheostat is energized.
11. By varying alternator field rheostat, the field (I
f
) current is varied in steps, and E
o
(internal emf) is noted.
12. Above procedure is noted till 125% of rated voltage.
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
4. TPST switch is closed.
5. By varying alternator field rheostat, the field current, (I
f
) is varied in steps and
corresponding short current (I
sc
) is noted.
6. Above procedure is repeated till rated current is reached.
ASA TEST
4. DC motor is run at rated speed by adjusting motor field rheostat.
5. 3u ZPF load is connected to alternator by closing TPST switch.
6. By alternatively varying field rheostat, ZPF load, alternator is made to deliver
rated current. Readings are noted.
DRAWING ASA CURVE
12. OCC is drawn.
13. Point A is located such that OA gives I
f
corresponding to I
rated
. Under short circuit
test.
14. Point B is located such that it gives I
f
to voltage from ZPF test.
15. Points A and B joined by curve parallel to OC called ZPF curve.
16. From the curve, ZPF curve is extended.
17. From H, HD is drawn parallel to OCC line.
18. From B, BH is drawn parallel and equal to OA.
19. Point D is point to B and BHD is tangent is obtained.
20. From D, perpendicular to BH at E is drawn.
D
P
S
T
D
P
S
1000 ,1.5 A
21. DE gives I
a
X
L
. BE gives I
f
necessary to overcome demagnetizing effect of
armature resistance. EH gives I
f
necessary for balancing armature leakage
reactance drop DE.
22. Internal emf, E
1
is calculated as
E
1
= ((V
ph
cos + Ia Ra)
2
+ (V
ph
sin + I
a
X
L
)
2
)
+ for lagging pf and
- for leading pf.
12. Find I
f1
corresponding E
1
from OCC.
13. I
f2
is field current, required to overcome armature reaction (BE)
14. I
f
= (I
f1
2
+I
f2
2
-2I
f1
I
f2
cos(90)) + for lagging pf and
- for leading pf.
15. From internal emf E
1
, a horizontal line is drawn cutting the OCC. Distance
between tangent to OCC and tangent to OCC measures I
f3
.
This is added with the field current to get final field current.
I
fr
= I
f
+I
f3
16. E
o
corresponding to I
fr
is found.
17. The regulation is calculated as
% regulation = ((Eo Vph)/ Vph)x100.
ASA TEST ON THREE PHASE ALTERNATOR:
A R

M L
A
1
N
F
1`

F
1


A
2

Y

B



F
2
F
1
F
2

Fus
Neutral
Fus
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
STATO
RR
ROTO
R ( 0 2 ) A ,
MC
( 0
300)V,MI
700

3 point
starter
(0 10) A,
300V,10A,U
220 V
A
L F A
M
V
A
I
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
E
L
O
A
D
D
P
S
T
D
P
S
T
( 0 10) A,MI
700
1.5 A
1000 ,1.5 A
3 point starter
FUSE RATING CALCULATION:
125% of the full load current rating.
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST ON THREE PHASE ALTERNATOR:
R
A
1

F
1`
F
1
N

A
2


B


F
2
F
1
F
2


Y

Fuse
Neutral link
( 0 2 ) A , MC
Neutral
Fus
L F A
M
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
220 V
DC
SUPP
LY
A
STATO
R
ROTO
R
A

TABULAR COLOUMN
OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
S.No Field Current I
f
(A) Induced Voltage V
r
(V) V
ph
=V
r
/3 (V)
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
S.No Field Current I
f
(A) Short circuit Current I
A
(A)
ZPF TEST
S.No Voltage
(V)
Field Current
I
f
(A)
Armature
Current (A)
RESULT
EX.NO.6 LOAD TEST ON SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM
To conduct load test on single phase induction motor and to draw the performance
characteristics.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
S.NO APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
FORMULA USED
1. Synchronous speed (N
s
)=120f/p (rpm)
Where f=frequency in Hz
P=no. of poles, calculated by assuming 5% slip
2. % slip =
( )
s r
s
N N
*100
N

Where N
s
=synchronous speed in rpm
N
r
=speed of the rotor in rpm
3. Torque T = (S
1
~ S
2
)*R*9.81 (N-m)
Where R=radius of brake drum of motor in meter
S
1
, S
2
= spring balance reading in kg
4. Output power P
o
=
2
60
r
N T
(in watts)
5. Input power P
i
= W (in watts)
6. % efficiency % = Output power/ Input power*100
PRECAUTIONS
The motor should be at the no load condition while starting.
PROCEDURE
1. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.
2. The induction motor is started on no load by using transformer starter.
3. Under no load condition, reading of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter are noted
down.
4. Speed is measured by using tachometer.
5. The motor is loaded gradually by increasing tension on the belt over the brake
drum.
6. At each load, the readings of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter are noted, speed
is measured and spring balance readings are noted down.
7. The above procedure is repeated till the rated current is reached.
8. The load on motor is gradually reduced to zero and then supply is switched OFF
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
RESULT
EX.NO.7 SEPERATION OF LOSSES IN A THREE PHASE INDUCTION
MOTOR
AIM
To separate the no load losses in a given three phase induction motor
APPARATUS REQUIRED
S.NO APPARATUS RANGE TYPE QUANTITY
FORMULA USED
Magnetic Loss = W
o.
-mechanical losses-3I
o
2
R
s
Where W
o
= wattmeter reading
I
o
= current at rated voltage
R
s
= stator resistance
Mechanical losses are obtained from the graph
PRECATIONS
1. The motor should be at the no load condition while starting.
2. The 3 auto-transformer (variac) should be kept at initial zero position.
PROCEDURE
SEPERATION OF LOSSES
1. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.
2. The 3 A.C supply is given by closing the TPST switch.
3. The induction motor is started gradually by applying voltage through the 3 auto-
transformer.
4. At rated voltage, power input W
o
is measured by using wattmeter and no load
current I
o
and voltage V
o
are noted.
5. Voltage is gradually reduced till the motor continues to run.
6. For each voltage, readings of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter are noted.
MEASUREMENT OF STATOR RESISTANCE (R
s
)
1. Connections are given as per the circuit diagram.
2. The D.C supply is given through a DPST switch.
3. The loading rheostat is varied, the readings of ammeter and voltmeter are noted.
4. Armature resistance in ohms is calculated as R
s
/ph = (V*1.5)/2I
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
EX.NO. 8 & 9 REGULATION OF ALTERNATOR BY EMF AND MMF
METHOD
AIM :
To predetermine the percentage regulation of the given alternator by EMF
(Synchronous Impedance Method) and MMF (Ampere Turns Method), by conducting
OC and Short circuit test.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SI NO APPARATUS REQUIRED TYPE RANGE QUANTITY
NAME PLATE DETAILS :
FUSE RATING CALCULATION :
DC shunt motor =>125 % of rated current .
Alternator => 125 % of rated current .
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
FORMULA USED:
EMF Method :
Re = 1.6 * Rs
Where,
Rs - DC resistance and
Re - Equivalent AC resistance
E
1
/I
1 Where
E
1
= OC voltage
I
1
= SC voltage
Zs = E
1
(open cicuit voltage) / I
1
(short circuit current)
Xs = (Zs
2
Re
2
)
1/2
Eo = [(Vcos C + Ire)
2
+ (Vsin C (+ or -) IX
s
)
2
]
1/2
Where,
+
sign for lagging Power Factor
- sign for leading Power Factor
% Regulation (up) = [(Eo V)/V] * 100
MMF Method :
I
f
= [ I
f1
2
+ I
f2
2
-2 I
f1
I
f2
Cos ( 90 (+ or -) C ) + for lagging power factor,
- for leading power factor.
Where,
I
f1
- Field current corresponding to V1.
I
f2
- Field current corresponding to I
sc
V
1
= V+I*Re*CosC
% Regulation (up) = [(Eo V)/V] * 100
Eo - Voltage corresponding to I
f.
PRECAUTION
1.DC shunt motor field rheostat should be in minimum resistance position to get
minimum speed at the time of starting.
2.Alternator field rheostat should be in minimum position.
3.DPST and TPST switches should be in open position.
PROCEDURE
OC Test:
1.Connections are made as per the circuit diagram is obtained.
2.The supply is obtained from control panel.
3.Observing the precautions, DPST switch on motor side is closed.
4.Using 3-point starter, the DC motor is started.
5.Varying the field rheostat of DC shunt motor, it is set to run at rated speed as per name
plate detail.
6.DPST switch in alternator field circuit is closed.
7.Keeping the TPST switch of alternator side open, the field current is varied using the
alternator potential divider. For various values of alternator field current (I
f
), the
generated AC line voltage (E
OL
) is noted down and the readings are tabulated.
(This should be done upto125% of rated voltage).
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST :
Note:
1.TPST switch, on alternator side is closed.
2.By slowly increasing potential divider from minimum potential position, the values of I
f
and corresponding I
sc
values are noted till rated current flows through the alternator.
3.The readings are tabulated.
4.Potential divider is adjusted to original position. [minimum potential position] and
field rheostat on motor side is s\adjusted to minimum resistance position.
5.DPST and TPST switches are opened.
6.The supply is switched off.
OBSERVATION TABLE
OPEN CIRCUIT TEST:
I
f
(A)
V
(volt)
V
ph
(volt)
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST :
I
f
(A)
V
(volt)
TABULATION :
SI.NO Power Factor (Cos C ) No-load
Voltage (volt)
E
0
Terminal
Voltage (volt)
%Regulation=
[(Eo-V)/V]*100
MODEL CALCULATION
EMF Method :
Re = 1.6 * ______ Ohm
Where,
Rs - DC resistance and
Re - Equivalent AC resistance
Zs = __(open cicuit voltage) / __(short circuit current)
Xs = (__
2
__
2
)
1/2
Eo = [(___*_____*____+ ___)
2
+ (____*____ (+ or -) ____)
2
]
1/2
Where,
+ sign for lagging Power Factor
- sign for leading Power Factor
% Regulation (up) =[ (__ __)/]*100
= -
MMF Method :
I
f
= [ ___
2
+ ___
2
- 2
*___*
___* Cos ( 90 (+ or -) ___ ) + for lagging power factor, -
for leading power factor.
Where,
I
f1
- Field current corresponding to V1.
I
f2
- Field current corresponding to I
sc
V
1
- V+IRecosC
%
Regulation (up) = [(__ __)/__] *100
Eo - Voltage corresponding to I
f.
RESULT :
EX.NO.10. LOAD TEST ON 3-PHASE SLIP RING INDUCTION MOTOR
AIM :
To determine the performance characteristics of 3-phase squirrel cage induction
motor by direct loading.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SI NO APPARATUS REQUIRED TYPE RANGE QUANTITY
NAME PLATE DETAILS :
FUSE RATING CALCULATION :
125% of rated current.
No-load test - 25% of rated current.
FORMULA :
Torque,
T = (S1 S2) * 9.81 * r (Nm)
Input power
(Pi) = (W1 + W2) (Watt)
Output power
(Po) = 2 H NT / 60 (Watt)
Efficiency
n = Po X 100
Pi
Cos o = W/(3
1/2
V
L
I
L
)
Slip = (Ns N) / Ns *100
PRECAUTION:
1. TPST switch should be at open position.
2. 3-phase autotransformer should be at minimum voltage position.
3. There should be no-load at the time of starting(Loosen the belt on the brake drum)
4. Brake drum should be filled with water.
PROCEDURE:
1. The connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. Power supply is obtained from the control panel.
3. The TPST switch is closed.
4. Rated voltage of 3-phase induction motor, is applied by adjusting autotransformer
5. The initial readings of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter are noted.
6. By increasing the load step by step, the reading of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter
7. Step1 to 6 is repeated till the ammeter shows the rated current of 3-phase induction
motor.
8. Decrease the load, bring auto-transformer to its minimum voltage position.
9. Switch off the supply.
OBSERVATION TABLE :
S.N
O
V (volt) I (A) Speed
(rpm)
Spring Balance
S1(K
g
) S2(K
g
)
Torque
=((S
1
S
2
) *
9.81 * R)
N-m
I/P
(V*I
L
)
watt
O/P
2 H NT
60
(watt)
Efficiency =
Output Power
Input Power
100
%n
%
slip
RESULT :
Thus the load test on three phase Induction Motor is verified experimentally.
VIVA QUESTIONS :
1.Explain what is meant by a 3-phase induction motor?
2.Write the classification of 3-phase induction motor?
3.State the steps to draw the equivalent circuit of 3-phase induction motor?
4.State the condition for maximum torque of 3-phase induction motor?
5.Give the different methods of speed control of I.M.
6.How do you calculate slip speed?
7.State the condition when induction motor acts as induction generator?
8.Give the other name for induction generator?