1

;dCIKh
wdpdh t'ta' ,;S*a
fcaHIaG mfhaIK ks,OdrS
mfhaIK iyh
'tka' iuka;sld Ouodi
wreKs wffialr
ud,kS mqIam,;d
ks,aKs knqf.a
wd't' risxy
tia't'cS' lu,aisrs
m%Odk ixialdrl
wdpdh chka; w;m;a;=
tall m%Odks
Ydl fmdaIK yd ldnksl lDIslu tallh
ixialdrl
fca iks tia ch,;a
jevigyka iyldr
Ydl fmdaIK yd ldnksl lDIslu tallh
m>kl iyh
wdvwdtat Nd.Hd fldai,
ysud,s ffjoH,xldr
msgq ieliqu yd ksudj
wd't' ixcSjkS l=ud .=K;s,l
Y%jH oDIH uOHia:dkh
.kafkdarej
uqKh
uqKd,h
lDIslu fomd;fka;=j
fmardfoKsh
m%ldYl
wOHCI
jHdma;s yd mqyqKq wxYh
wkq.%yh
ldnksl ;;a;aj m%;slrK jHdmD;sh

ldnksl lDIsluh
Organic Agriculture
ldnksl f.d;ek
ldnksl f.d;ek hkqfjka woyia lrkqfha f.dm, cSfhl= f,i
i,ld mrsir ys;ld wdlj ;sridr lDIsldl ksIamdok
moaO;shla ksudKh lsrSu i|yd t<U .;a yd wruqKq lr.;a
taldnoaO lDIsldl l%uhls
fuys uq,sl isoaOdka;h jkqfha ksfrda.S fukau i mila ksudKh
lr .ekSu ;=,ska ksfrda.S fnda. j.djla yslr .ekSuhs
1960 oYlfha is g ldnks l lDIs l udka ; h ms < s n | fYa I
keUqre;djhla oelaug fndfyda fia bjy,a jqfha lDIsludka;h
hdka;%SlrKh u;a lDkdYl wjfYaI wdydrj, ;ekam;a u
fi!Lhg .eg /ilg fya;= u;a" ka yd Tjqkaf.a jdiia:dk
kdY u;a" mrsir IKh fndfyda fihska isu;ah

wxl 01( ldnksl lDIslu_ uQ,Oudkql+,j j.dl, Y% t<j j.dj

ldnksl f.d;efkaoS Nd;d flfrkqfha

v
v
v
v
v
v
v

fnda. udrej
i;a;aj fmdfydr Nd;h
fld< fmdfydr Nd;h
rks, Ydl Nd;h
fnda. wjfYaI Nd;h
ffcj l%u Nd;fhka m,sfndaO md,kh
hdka;%sl l%u uska j,a me<E md,kh is flf

ldnksl f.d;efkaoS Nd;d fkdflfrkqfha

v
v
v
v

lD;S%u I iys; m,sfndaO kdYl

lD;S%u ridhksl fmdfydr
ridhksl jOl fydafudak
i;a;aj wdydr j,g tlaflfrk lD;%Su jH mdrsfNdackh
l< i;=kaf.a wmjH

ldnksl f.d;efkaoS fnda. fmdaIKh

fuysoS flfrkqfha mfiys we;s wx. fmdaIKh lsrSu uska Wiia
mila ksudKh lsrSuhs' CI ka Nd;fhka Ydlhg ,nd .;
yels fmdaIl ugu je lrhs tfukau ldnksl jH uska mfia
jHqyh oshqKq lrk w;r c,h r|d .ekSu f ksid je f
ldnksl lDIslufha m%Odk uQ,Ou
v ksmojkq ,nk wdydr fmdaIK .=Kfhka by, h hq;=

w;r tajd m%udKj;a ;r o ksmou wjYHh

v ish iajNdl moaO;s iy plS%h ls%hdjka mj;ajd .; hq;=

w;r tuska Ydl" i;=ka" mdxY+ ka" CI ka yd mi

je oshqKq h hq;=h
v mfiys idrj;a nj os.= ld,Skj mj;ajd .; hq;=h
v yels ;dla rg kej; Nd;d l< yels osrd m;a l, yels

jH Nd;d l, hq;=h

v Nd;d lrk jH kej; Nd;d l, yels f.dm, ;=,

fyda bka msg; m%;spl%ShlrKh l, yels tajd h hq;=h

v f.dm, i;=ka yg Tjqkaf.a uq,sl yeiSrS rgdjkag ndOd

fkdjk fia ksoyfia csj;a ug bv osh hq;=h

v ldnksl f.d;efkaoS i;=kaf.a iqN idOkh b;d jeo.;a

lghq;a;la fia ie,fla fuysoS i;=ka iy fnda. w;r .egq

fkdjkakg;a tlsfkld w;r wka; in|;djhla mj;ajd
.ekSug;a j. n,d .; hq;=h
v i;a;j
a wdydr ldnksl h hq;= w;r yels;dla rg f.dm,

;=,skau imhd .; hq;=h fuuska wjYH i;a;aj fmdfydr

yd wfkl=;a i;aj ksIamdok ,ef
v f.dm, lghq;=j,oS ishu wdldrfha IKhla wju h

hq;=h ^mi IKh" c, IKh&

v f.dm, yd wjg mrsirh ;=, cdk O;a;ajh wdrCId h

hq;=h
v f.dm, fiajlhskaf.a kS;suh whs;Ska iq/flk f,i yd

Tjqka iEySug m;a jk f,i lghq;= l, hq;=h

v f.dm, fya;=fjka lsis mdrsirsl fyda iudh m%Yakhla

we;s fkdug j. n,d .; hq;=h

ldnksl f.d;ekoS m,sfndaO md,kh
ldnksl f.d;efkaoS is lrkq ,nk m%d:l mshjr jkqfha fnda.hg
by, fmdaIKhla ,nd oS m,sfndaO ydksh je,elaug W;aidy lsru
S hs
v

wdjrK fnda. isgqu

wLKav fnda. udre lsrSu

mdxY+ kaf.a O;a;ajh wdrCId lsu iy ys;lr lDka

yd mCISka uska lDka uOkh ug bv yerSu

m,sfndaO .yKh wiu;=,s; jq g muKla lD

mrfmdaIs;hka Nd;h Tjqka fnda ug we;s bvlv weysrSu"
W.=,a yd ndOlhka Nd;h

fjd ish,a,u wid:l jq g muKla ldnksl m,sfndaO

kdYl Nd;d lrkq ,ef
Wod( fldfydU" xfld," ly,shd" b=re" rsia" .rsia"
iqKq hkdosh fhdod .; yelsh

ldnksl t<j ksIamdokh

ldnksl t<j j,ska id:l wiajkq ,nd .; yelso@
v

ienekau by< .=Kd;aufhka hq;a je wiajkq ,nd.; yel

i;a;aj fmdfydr ^f.du fmdfydr" l=l=,a fmdfydr& fhdod

lrk ,o w;ayod ne,Sj,oS fndax" jngq" ;lald,s iy
f.dajd hk t<j fnda. ridhksl fmdfydr fhdod ,nd.;a
wiajkq j,g wdikak jYfhka iudk fyda Bg ie,lsh hq;=
m%udK j,ska je wiajkq ,e we;

ridhksl fmdfydr fhdod ,nd.;a wiajekakg

ixikaokd;aulj m%;sY;hla f,i i;a;aj fmdfydr fhdod
,nd.;a O fnda. j, wiajkq m%;sY;hka my; oelaf
fnda. j.h

ridhksl fmdfydr fhdod

,nd.;a wiajekafka m%;sY;hla f,i

fndax
jngq
;lald,s
f.dajd

90
104
132
99

fuu wiajkq ,nd .ekSfoS lsi

s ridhksl m<sfndaO kdYlhla Nd;d
lr fkdue;s w;r Ydl ksiaidrl muKla Nd;d l, yelsh'
ldnksl t<j j.df oS ldnksl fmdfydr Nd;h
islr we;s w;ayod ne,S j,g wkqj my; i|yka m%udK fhoSu
iqiq f' fldfmdaia fmdfydr fylaghdrhlg fgdka 40 la" f.du
fmdfydr fyla g hdrhlg fgdka 30 la yd l= l = , a fmdfydr
fylaghdrhlg fgdka 20 la fhoSu iqiq f'

by; m%udKhka fhoSfuka m%Yia: wiajekakla ,nd.; yelsh' tfy;a

i;aj fmdfydr myiqfjka fidhd .ekSug yels f.d uy;=kag fuu
j.d l%uh jvd;a iqoqiqh' ksfoaYs; ldnksl fmdfydr m%udKhka
my; olajd we;'
fmdfydr j.h

fmdfydr m%udKh
fylaghdrhlg fgdka

fhdok wjia:dj

f.du fmdfydr

30
j.dlsrSug
^j. grhlg ls' .%E 3& osk 2-3 lg fmr

l=l=,a fmdfydr

20
fnda. j.djg osk
^j. grhlg ls' .%E 2& 10 lg fmr

Wiia ;;a;ajfhaa
40
fnda. j.djg
fldfmdaia
^j. grhlg ls' .%E 4& osk 2-3 lg fmr
-

by; i|yka m%udKhka fyd|ska mig Y% lr" fyd| c,

imdok ;;a;aj hgf;a j.d l, hq;=h'

by; i|yka l, m%udKfhka yrs wvla u;=msg fmdfydr

f,i Nd;d l, yel' kuq;a l=l=,a fmdfydr u;=msg
fmdfydr f,i fhdod .ekSu ksfoaY fkdflf'

wxl 02( ldnksl fmdfydr ksIamdokh lsfoS Y% lrk tla wjia:djla

os.= ld,Skj ldnksl fmdfydr wjYH;djhka imqrd .ekSug

myiq u.la
ldnksl fmdfydr ksfoaYh iEu lkakhloSu mig ,ndosh hq;=h'
i;a;j
a fmdfydr wjYH m%udKhka myiqfjka fidhd .ekSug wmyiq
ksid f i|yd by< .=Kd;aufhka hq;a fldfmdai
a fmdfydr Nd;d
l, yel'

by< .=Kd;aufhka hq;a fldfmdaia fmdfydr ilid

.ekSu
-

by< fmdaIl w.hka ;sfnk Ydl yd i;aj fldgia

fldfmdaia fmdfydr ksmoug fhdod .ekSfuka fmdaIl
w.hka je fldfmdaia fmdfydr ksmojd .; yelsh'

ldnksl fmdfydr wdldr 3 ls

- fldfmdaia fmdfydr
- j fldfmdaia
- ldnksl oshr fmdfydr

fldfmdaia fmdfydr ksmou

f i|yd myiqfjka fidhd .; yels jH lsysmhla my; oelaf'
- .a,srsiShd
- j,a iQrshldka; ^k;a;iQrsh&
- lemafmhd
- trn
- bms,a bms,a
- msre iy fjk;a fnda. wjfYaI
idok l%uh

fldfmdai
a fmdfydr ksmofoS O ksIm
a dok l%u Nd;d
l< yel' tk" f.dv l%uh" j, l%uh" ner,a l%uh"
fldagq rduq l%uhhs'
iqiqu l%uh f.dv l%uh f' fldfmdaia f.dvl Wi iy
m<, g 1 la jk w;r os. wjYH m%udKhg fhdod.;
yel'
fhosh hq;= %jH wkqmd;hka fufiah

wxl 03( fCIa;%fha ldnksl fmdfydr ksIamdokh ms<sn| ks,OdrSka oekqj;a

lrk tla wjia:djla
wuqjH

m%udKh

wuq Ydl m;% yd ,m fldgia

h<s fld," fld, frdvq
i;a;aj fmdfydr ^.j" l=l=,a&

1$3
1$3
1$3

wuq Ydl m;% iy ,m fldgia i|yd .a,srsiShd iy k;a;iQrsh

iu iuj fhoSfuka by< .=Kd;aufhka hq;a fldfmdaia idod .;
yel

wxl 04( fCIa;%fha m%dfhda.slj ldnksl fmdfydr ksIamdok lrk tla wjia:djla

j fldfmdaia
-

f i|yd .ev,s mKqjka fndalr .; hq;= f

iqqiq udOHhka
1' wuq fld," len,s lrk ,o h<s ;DK Y%Kh ^10 ( 03&
2' wuq f.du" uqM;ekaf.a bj; ,k %jH Y%Kh ^10 ( 03&

idok l%uh

rEm igyfka fmkajd we;s mos j fldfmdaia iEoSu

i|yd Ndckh ms<sfh, lr.; hq;=h

fyd|ska osrdm;a jQ miq .ev,ka iys; u;=msg mia ;gqj

b;s jkfia fldfmdaia bj;a lr .kak

kej; ldnksl jH mqrjkak

je c,h bj;a lsu i|yd lrduh ks;ru wer ;nkak

by; wdldrhg udi 1 1$2 lg muK j;djla fldfmdaia

ksmojd .; yel

10

j fldfmdaia ksmou i|yd .ev,s mKqjka 25 la

muK fhdod .ekSu iEfya' ^mKqjka iys; udOHhka yd
f;dr;=re m;%sldj .kafkdrej WoHdk fnda. mfhaIK yd
ixjOk wdh;kfhka ,nd.; yel&

ldnksl oshr fmdfydr

-

Ydl m;% w.%i:

a fldgia yd i;aj fmdfydrj, we;s fmdaIl
mod: c,fha fhdod oshlr ,nd .kakd ksiaidrl m;% u;g
biSfuka j.dj, jOkh b;d fyd|ska is f'

f u.ska fnda. j,g wjYH CIq fmdaIl ,nd oSf yelshdjla

we;'

idok l%uh

by< Ydl fmdaIl w.fhka hq;a Ydl m;% w.%ia: fldgia

^.a,srsiShd" k;a;iQrsh& .%E 100 la fyda

i;a;aj fmdfydr .%E 500 la fyda

c,h ,Sgrhla iu. Ndckhl oud udi 02 la jid ;nd tu

oshr fros lvlska fmrd fnda. u;g bish yel

.ev,a oshr fmdfydr

-

ldnksl oshr fmdfydrla f,i .ev,a oshr fmdfydr ilid

.; yelsh' th m<sfndaOkdYlhla f,io Nd;d l< yel'
oshr fmdfydr ilid .ekSu i|yd isfuka;s" ue" fnf,la"
ma,diala jeks kEu jHlska iE Ndckhla Nd;d l<
yel'

11

wxl 05( .ev,a oshr fmdfydr ksIamdok nk

.ev,a fmdfydr tl;= lr .ekSu

fufia ilia l< nfka lrduh jD; lr fyd|ska c,fhka f;;a

l< hq;=hs' osk 15la hkf;la lrduh jD;j ;nk w;r 16jk
oskfhaoS lrduh jid oud fuu nkg by<ska ue uqhla i l<
hq;=h's
-

rEmiygfka wdldrhg nk m;=,g lrduhla i l< hq;h

= '

.ev,a oshr tl;= lr .ekSu i|yd fmdf,dj ugf isg

by, ugul nk ;nd.; hq;=hs'

.fvd,a len,s ;gqj yd r je,s ;gqj fmrKhla f,i

l%shd lr msrsis oshrhla tl;= lr .ekSug Wojq f'

12

u;=msg mia ;gqj u; wuq f.du ;gqj tl;= l< hq;=hs'

idudkHfhka ,Sg 250 nkla i|yd ,Sg 5 l muK c,h

^nfka mrsudfjka 1$50 muK& iqreula f,i tla /hla
mqrd fhosh hq;=h'

B< osk WoEik lrdu jD; lr .ev,a oshrh tla lr

.; hq;=hs'

fufia oskm;d i;s 5-6 hk;=re oshrh tl;= lr .; yelsh'

miqj .ev,a fmdfydr ^j fldfmdaia& bj;g .kakd

wdldrhgu u;=mg
s mia ;gqj hk f;la fuys we;s fmdfydr
bj;g .; hq;=h'

.ev,ka kej; nkg tla lr wuq f.duo oud nk

mqrjd .; hq;=h'

fuu nk udi 10-12 hkg imQKfhka bj;a lr uq,ska

ilid .;a wdldrhgu kej; ilia lr .; hq;=h'

.ev,a fmdfydr Nd;d lsrSu

fuysoS .ev,a oshr fmdfydr ,Sg 1lg c,h ,Sg 1la

oud Y% lr Ydlj,g fhosh hq;=h'

.ev,a oshrhg 10]l .j uq;%d tla lsrSu uska id:l

m<sfndaOkdYlhla idod .; yelsh'

.ev,a oshr fmdfydrj, fmdaIl w.hka

PH w.h
7'5
EC w.h ^oaHq;a ikakdhl;djh&
0'28 fvisiSuka$g
imQK khsg%cka m%udKh
0'01]
Ydlhg Wrd.; yels fmdiamria m%udKh 1'05
fmdgEish
25 ^,shkhg fldgia&
uQ,dY%h(- fmd,a mfhaIK wdh;kh" ,qKq,
mig ldnksl fmdfydr fhoSug wu;rj mfia .=Kd;auh je oshqKq
lsrSug wO jYfhka mqiaid .;a oyhshd w.=re fgdka 02 la muK
fylaghdr 1 lg fhoSfuka b;d id:l m%;sM, ,nd.; yel' tla
j,lg k mqiaid .;a oyhshd w.=re .%E 50 iEfya'

13

m<sfndaO md,kh
v

m<sfndaO uOkh i|yd fnda. Y%j j.d lsru

S jvd;a iqiqh

m<sfndaO md,kh i|yd lD;%Su lDIs ridhksl Nd;d l,

fkdyel

fldfydU weg ksiaidrkh biSu u.ska id:l md,sfndaO

md,khla is l, yel
v

fldfydU weg ksiaidrkh

idok l%uh yd Nd;h

fldfydU weg .%E 50 la ,nd .kak

fldfydU weg ishq f,i l=vq lr .kak

l=vq lr .;a fldfydU weg c,h ,Sg 1 l fmf.kakg

yrskak

fros lvlska fmrd .kak

tu oshr oe ysre rYah fkdue;s WoEik fyda ijia ld,fha

fnda. u;g biskak' wjYH jqjfyd;a i;s 02 lska miq kej;
biskak

ldnksl fmdfydr fkdlvjd fCIa;h

% g fhoSfuka mig lsi
s ydkshla
fkdue;' tfy;a j.d ul wju jYfhka jirlg jrlaj;a mia
idm,hla mrSCId lsrSfuka mfia ;;a;ajh myiqfjka ykd .;
yel'

14

j,a uOkh
- f i|yd ldnksl t<j j.dfoS my; i|yka l%u Nd;d
l, yel
v w;ska .e,u
v hdka;%sl l%u
v jiqka fhoSu

jiqka fhoSu i|yd - h<s ;DK

- cSj jiqka Nd;d l, yel
^cSj jiqka i|yd uql=Kqjekak
jeks m,d j. Nd;d l, yel&

15

ldnksl f.d;ekg wod, iu; kS;s rS;s

ms<.
s ;a fj<|fmd,l fyda foaYj,g wf, lrk ldnksl ksIm
a dok
i|yd .=Kd;auh ;yjqre lsrSug m%;slrKhla wjYH f' ta i|yd
iu;hka we;'
oekg Nd;d flfrkqfha whsf*da (IFOAM) keue;s cd;Hka;r
wdh;kh uska mkjd we;s kS;s ud,djls fuuska ldnksl
f.d;ekg wod, Wmfoia yd kS;s rS;s ksl=;a flf
ldnksl f.d;ek inkaOj cd;Hka;r m%;sSka
v

whsf*da (IFOAM) hk fl kka yeoskafjk International

Federation for Organic Agriculture Movement k
cd;Hka;r wdh;kh uska we;s m%;Ska iu; m%;Ska f,i
i,lkq ,ef

fuu wdh;kfha m%;Ska tla tla rgj,g Tk whqrk

s a m%;Ska
ilia lr .ekSug Wmldr f ta wkqj fndfyda rgj, m%;Ska
ilia lr ldnksl ksIamdok i|yd ixfla; ksl=;a flf

ixfla; uska ksIamdok iy;sl lr tajd ldnksl ksIamdok

njg ;yjqre flf

m%;slrKh i|yd wkq.ukh l<hq;= iu; j;ams<sfj;a

lSmhla fufiah
- uq,skau ridhksl fmdfydr yd lDIs ridhksl jH
j,ska f;dr bvula f;dard .; hq;=hs
- j.dj i|yd lDIs ridhk Nd;d l< bvula k
wju jYfhka lkak 06 lg miqj ldnksl j.djg
iqiq ;;a;ajhg m;a f' fuh mrsj;k ld,h
jYfhka ye|skaf'
- ldnksl j.djg wjYH c yd frdamK jH ;u
ldnksl f.dmf,ka fyda ldnkslj j.dl,
f.dm,lska fyda ,nd.; hq;=h

16

- mdxY= fmdaIl;ajh oshqKq lsrSu i|yd ldnksl

fmdfydr ,nd.; hq;af;a ;u f.dm, ;=<skauh'
msg;ska f.k tkafka k ldnksl f.dm,lska h
hq;=h

wxl 06( ldnkslj j.dl, f.dajd j.djl wdjrK fnda.hla

f,i msre Nd;d l, wjia:djla

wxl 07( ldnkslj j.dl, f.dajd j.djl wdjrK fnda.hla

f,i uql=Kqjekak Nd;d l, wjia:djla

17

wxl 08( ldnkslj j.dl, Y% fnda. j.djl ;j;a tla wjia:djla

wxl 09( ks,OdrS mqyqKq lsrSf tla wjia:djla

^je ia;r i|yd wmj uikak 'w' 081-2388229&

18